Downloaded from http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/ at The University of BritishArticle Colombia Library on January 20, Fast2016 Track , on 1 a, oxidase cox3 reductase c skov Waller and c and ons, please ). ,whichcanbe cox1 and , universally present oxidoreductases are Eva Hajdu c ,1,3,8 Babesia Vitrella brassicaformis cox2 1,3 ık,* omplexans, dinoflagellates, ˚ u, Nash et al. 2008; ; ). cob to 11.0 kb in Waller and Keeling 2006 Milan Jirk icomplexans, lacks complexes I and III, ). The most reduced mitochondrial ge- ,1 x ,and ), one subunit of cytochrome Feagin et al. 1997). In dinoflagellates, the Miroslav Oborn lication February 6, 2015 1115 7 cox3 cox3 , ejovice, Czech Republic Feagin et al. 1997 cox1 and eBud De-Hua Lai, € Parahaemoproteus uller et al. 2012 In apicomplexan parasites, mitochondrial genes are acity of all mitochondria, encoding just Cesk cob), and truncated but apparently functional fragments of cox1 M Jackson 2009). The genein coding other for mitochondrial genomes,ferred to has the been nucleus split ( and trans- ( small (SSU) andgenes large ( subunit (LSU) mitoribosomal rRNA encoded on a linearin molecule ranging in lengtheither from monomeric 5.8 or kb islinear composed of arrays circularly ( permutated nomes are found inmyzozoans, the which alveolates, or includeand more specifically apic their the encode relatives. only subunits( Myzozoan 1 mitochondrial and 3 genomes of cytochrome was lost altogether( from their highly reduced organelles , rendering complex III unnecessary. The mitochondrial ,4,5 c z Arnab Pain, es, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China 4,5 , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, aerobic metabolism, evolution, Vitrella. Chromera, putative lactate:cytochrome ty for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissi n, Czech Republic ejovice, Czech Republic skovec, Gray rebo ). The ; ). Most her photosynthetic relative of apicomplexans, e Bud ev/msv021 Advance Access pub Cesk ), whereas all a phototrophic relative of parasitic ap Jan Janou s et al. 2005 ,1,3 Patrick J. Keeling, y 6 icomplexans and dinoflagellates ( Luke Burger et al. 2003 Burger et al. 2003 alek, les, a few or all of these respiratory complexes have been lost during evolution. We show .Itisusuallyorganizedona ity of BC, Vancouver, Canada Chromera velia, Burger et al. 2013 te,Hinxton,UnitedKingdom E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]. Jan Mich ). In several cases, for instance in the has the smallest known protein-coding cap ,1,2 y Thomas D. Otto, 1 : David Irwin ,1,3,5 32(5):1115–1131 doi:10.1093/molb ala, s* respiratory chain, Apicomplexa, Chromera, an ˇ Chromera ). Moreover, in several eukaryotic lineages including
Gray et al. 2004