DOCSLIB.ORG

Medieval India Two Wikipedia Articles

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Medieval India Two Wikipedia Articles Medieval India Two Wikipedia Articles PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Mon, 02 Sep 2013 10:03:14 UTC Contents Articles Medieval India 1 India 2 References Article Sources and Contributors 38 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 41 Article Licenses License 42 Medieval India 1 Medieval India • Outline of South Asian history • History of Indian subcontinent Medieval India refers to the Middle Ages i.e. 8th to 18th century CE in the Indian subcontinent. It is divided into two periods: The 'early medieval period' which lasted from the 8th to the 13th century and the 'late medieval period' which lasted from the 13th to the 18th century in some definitions, though many end the period with the start of the Mughal Empire in 1526. It includes: • Hoysala Empire a prominent South Indian Kannadiga empire that ruled most of the modern day state of Karnataka between the 10th and the 14th centuries. The capital of the Hoysalas was initially located at Belur but was later moved to Halebidu. • Kakatiya Kingdom a Telugu dynasty that ruled most of current day Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083 CE to 1323 CE • Trigarta Kingdom a kingdom mentioned in the epic Mahabharata. • Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived dynasties • Mughal Empire was an imperial power in the Indian subcontinent from about 1526 to 1757 (though it lingered for another century). • Ahom Kingdom was a kingdom in the Brahmaputra valley in Assam, India • Reddy Kingdom was established in southern India by Prolaya Vema Reddy. • Vijayanagara Empire was an empire based in South India, in the Deccan Plateau region. • Gajapati Kingdom was a medieval Hindu dynasty that ruled over Kalinga (the present day Orissa) • Deccan Sultanates were five Muslim-ruled late medieval kingdoms • Sikh Empire[1] was a major power in the Indian subcontinent, which arose under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh • The Rajput period was an era of chivalry and feudalism. The Rajputs weakened each other by constant fighting, allowing the Turks to embark on victorious campaigns against the empire. References India 2 India Republic of India Bharat Ganrajya Flag Emblem Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit) [1] "Truth Alone Triumphs" Anthem: Jana Gana Mana [2] [] "Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People" National song: Vande Mataram [3][1][] "I Bow to Thee, Mother" Area controlled by India shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green. Capital New Delhi [4] 28°36.8′N 77°12.5′E Largest city Mumbai Official languages Recognised regional languages National language None Demonym Indian Government Federal parliamentary [1] constitutional republic India 3 - President Pranab Mukherjee - Vice President Mohammad Hamid Ansari - Prime Minister Manmohan Singh (INC) - Speaker of the House Meira Kumar (INC) [5] - Chief Justice P. Sathasivam Legislature Parliament of India - Upper house Rajya Sabha - Lower house Lok Sabha Independence from the United Kingdom - Dominion 15 August 1947 - Republic 26 January 1950 Area [6] - Total 3,287,263 km2 (7th) 1,269,219 sq mi - Water (%) 9.6 Population [7] - 2011 census 1,210,193,422 (2nd) - Density 374.7/km2 (31st) 970.5/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2012 estimate [] - Total $4.711 trillion (3rd) [] - Per capita $3,851 (129th) GDP (nominal) 2012 estimate [8] - Total $1.825 trillion (10th) [] - Per capita $1,592 (140th) [] Gini (2010) 33.9 medium · 79th [9][10] HDI (2012) 0.554 medium · 136th (medium) Currency Indian rupee ( ) (INR) Time zone IST (UTC+05:30) - Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+05:30) Date format dd-mm-yyyy (CE) Drives on the left Calling code +91 ISO 3166 code IN Internet TLD .in India 4 India ( i/ˈɪndiə/), officially the Republic of India (Bharat Ganrajya)[11], is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the south-west, and the Bay of Bengal on the south-east, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;[12] China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north-east; and Burma and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; in addition, India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation and a region of historic trade routes and vast empires, the Indian subcontinent was identified with its commercial and cultural wealth for much of its long history.[13] Four world religions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism—originated here, whereas Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived in the 1st millennium CE and also helped shape the region's diverse culture. Gradually annexed by and brought under the administration of the British East India Company from the early 18th century and administered directly by the United Kingdom from the mid-19th century, India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence that was marked by non-violent resistance led by Mahatma Gandhi. The Indian economy is the world's tenth-largest by nominal GDP and third-largest by purchasing power parity (PPP).[] Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the fastest-growing major economies; it is considered a newly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, inadequate public healthcare, and terrorism. A nuclear weapons state and a regional power, it has the third-largest standing army in the world and ranks eighth in military expenditure among nations. India is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 7 union territories. India is a pluralistic, multilingual, and multi-ethnic society. It is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats. Etymology The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Hinduš. The latter term stems from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for the Indus River.[14] The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi (Ινδοί), which translates as "the people of the Indus".[15] The geographical term Bharat (pronounced [ˈbʱaːrət̪] ( listen)), which is recognised by the Constitution of India as an official name for the country, is used by many Indian languages in its variations.[16] The eponym of Bharat is Bharata, a theological figure that Hindu scriptures describe as a legendary emperor of ancient India. Hindustan ([ɦɪnd̪ʊˈst̪aːn] ( listen)) was originally a Persian word that meant "Land of the Hindus"; prior to 1947, it referred to a region that encompassed northern India and Pakistan. It is occasionally used to solely denote India in its entirety.[17][18] History Ancient India The earliest anatomically modern human remains found in South Asia date from approximately 30,000 years ago.[19] Nearly contemporaneous Mesolithic rock art sites have been found in many parts of the Indian subcontinent, including at the Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh.[20] Around 7000 BCE, the first known Neolithic settlements appeared on the subcontinent in Mehrgarh and other sites in western Pakistan.[21] These gradually developed into the Indus Valley Civilisation,[22] the first urban culture in South Asia;[23] it flourished during 2500–1900 BCE in Pakistan and western India.[24] Centred around cities such as Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Dholavira, and Kalibangan, and relying on varied forms of subsistence, the civilization engaged robustly in crafts production and wide-ranging trade.[23] During the period 2000–500 BCE, in terms of culture, many regions of the subcontinent transitioned from the Chalcolithic to the Iron Age.[25] The Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism,[26] were composed during this India 5 period,[27] and historians have analysed these to posit a Vedic culture in the Punjab region and the upper Gangetic Plain.[25] Most historians also consider this period to have encompassed several waves of Indo-Aryan migration into the subcontinent from the north-west.[28][26][29] The caste system, which created a hierarchy of priests, warriors, and free peasants, but which excluded indigenous peoples by labelling their occupations impure, arose during this period.[30] On the Deccan Plateau, archaeological evidence from this period suggests the existence of a chiefdom stage of political organisation.[25] In southern India, a progression to sedentary life is indicated by the large number of megalithic monuments dating from this period,[31] as well as by nearby traces of agriculture, irrigation tanks, and craft traditions.[31] In the late Vedic period, around the 5th century BCE, the small chiefdoms of the Ganges Plain and the north-western regions had consolidated into 16 major oligarchies and monarchies that were known as the mahajanapadas.[32][33] The emerging urbanisation and the orthodoxies of this age also created the religious reform movements of Buddhism and Jainism,[34] both of which became independent religions.[35] Buddhism, based on the teachings of Gautama Buddha attracted followers from all social classes excepting the middle class; chronicling the life of the Buddha was central to the beginnings of recorded history in India.[34][36][37] Jainism came into prominence around the same time during the Paintings at the Ajanta Caves in life of its exemplar, Mahavira.[38] In an
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Economic Survey 2021 - Definition, Importance & Highlights
    Economic Survey 2021 - Definition, Importance & Highlights The Economic Survey of India is an annual document released by the Finance Ministry, Government of India. It is a very important document from the IAS Exam perspective. Economic Survey Introduction The Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance presents the Economic Survey of India in Parliament every year, just before the Union Budget. This document is submitted to both houses of Parliament during the Budget Session. The Economic Survey reviews the developments in the Indian economy over the previous 12 months. It highlights the policy initiatives of the government, summarizes the performance on major development programs, and shows the growth prospects of the economy. It is presented by the Chief Economic Advisor (CEA). The Economic Survey 2021 has been released by the current CEA, Krishnamurthy Subramanian, ahead of the Union Budget 2021. Importance of Economic Survey The Economic Survey is a vital source for the UPSC exam, especially for the subjects Indian economy, polity, as well as, government schemes. • The Economic Survey discusses all the major government initiatives with explanations. All the dynamic and theoretical questions can be traced to this. • As per the new trend, the economy and the environment are going hand in hand. So questions can come from that perspective also. • Students can imbibe actual phrases used in the Economic Survey to frame answers for UPSC Mains Examination. • The Survey analyses and gives reasons for many issues happening around. Deep knowledge of the current policies and programs of the government also helps an aspirant to write meaningful essays. • Furthermore, the issues appraised in the Economic Survey and reforms suggested are often implemented by the government in future initiatives.
    [Show full text]
  • Civil) No 494 of 2012 Justice Ks Puttaswamy (Retd
    REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO 494 OF 2012 JUSTICE K S PUTTASWAMY (RETD) & ANR ...PETITIONERS Versus UNION OF INDIA & ORS ...RESPONDENTS WITH T C (C) NO 151 OF 2013 T C (C) NO 152 OF 2013 W P (C) NO 833 OF 2013 W P (C) NO 829 OF 2013 T P (C) NO 1797 OF 2013 W P (C) NO 932 OF 2013 1 T P (C) NO 1796 OF 2013 CONMT. PET. (C) NO 144 OF 2014 T P (C) NO 313 OF 2014 T P (C) NO 312 OF 2014 SLP (CRL) NO 2524 OF 2014 W P (C) NO 37 OF 2015 W P (C) NO 220 OF 2015 CONMT. PET. (C) NO 674 OF 2015 in W P (C) NO 829 OF 2013 T P (C) NO 921 OF 2015 CONMT. PET. (C) NO 470 OF 2015 W P (C) NO 231 OF 2016 CONMT. PET. (C) NO 444 OF 2016 CONMT. PET. (C) NO 608 OF 2016 W P (C) NO 797 OF 2016 CONMT. PET. (C) NO 844 OF 2017 2 W P (C) NO 342 OF 2017 W P (C) NO 372 OF 2017 W P (C) NO 841 OF 2017 W P (C) NO 1058 OF 2017 W P (C) NO 966 OF 2017 W P (C) NO 1014 OF 2017 W P (C) NO 1002 OF 2017 W P (C) NO 1056 OF 2017 AND WITH CONMT. PET. (C) NO 34 OF 2018 in W P (C) NO 1014 OF 2017 3 J U D G M E N T INDEX A Introduction: technology, governance and freedom B The Puttaswamy1 principles B.I Origins: privacy as a natural right B.2 Privacy as a constitutionally protected right : liberty and dignity B.3 Contours of privacy B.4 Informational privacy B.5 Restricting the right to privacy B.6 Legitimate state interests C Submissions C.I Petitioners’ submissions C.2 Respondents’ submissions D Architecture of Aadhaar: analysis of the legal framework E Passage of Aadhaar Act as a Money Bill E.I Judicial Review of the Speaker’s Decision E.2 Aadhaar Act as a Money Bill F Biometrics, Privacy and Aadhaar F.I Increased use of biometric technology F.2 Consent in the collection of biometric data F.3 Position before the Aadhaar legislation 1 (2017) 10 SCC 1 4 F.4 Privacy Concerns in the Aadhaar Act 1.
    [Show full text]
  • CPR Annual Report 2017-18.Pdf
    annual report 2018 1 2 centre for policy research: annual report 2018 A leading public policy think tank Conducting research in multiple disciplines Contributing to a more robust public discourse 3 t is a real privilege for me to present CPR’s annual report for 2017-18. This has been a wonderfully productive year as CPR faculty continued Ito make important, award-winning contributions to the policy research landscape through field-defining books and a steady stream of peer- reviewed journal articles. These contributions are now the starting point of policy and public debate on issues as wide ranging as international relations, climate change and energy, domestic politics and public service delivery. This year we are especially proud of Lavanya Rajamani whose co-authored book titled, International Climate Change Law received the 2018 american Society of International law Certificate of Merit in a Specialised Area of International Law. CPR has a long tradition of drawing on its research to engage in the everyday life of policy making in India, shaping ideas, offering expertise and seeking to find answers to difficult policy conundrums in partnership with policymakers. In fulfilling this role, Cpr faculty have, over this year, served on as many as 20 different government committees, task forces, and technical support units. these include the Ministry of environment, Forest and Climate Change’s (MoeFCC) advisory committee on a long term Strategy for low Carbon Development; the expert committee on renewable energy act under the Ministry of new and renewable energy (Mnre); the NITI Aayog’s Committee for national strategy on Rare Earths; the curriculum advisory committee at the National University of Educational Planning and administration (NUEPA) to develop the curriculum for programmes on education; and the Working Group for the National Sample Survey 76th Round on Disability, Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Housing Condition by the National Statistical Commission.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Survey 2016-17
    Economic Survey 2016-17 Government of India Ministry of Finance Department of Economic Affairs Economic Division January, 2017 CONTENTS Chapter Page Name of the Chapter No. No. v Acknowledgements vii Preface ix Abbreviations xi Eight Interesting Facts about India SECTION I: THE PERSPECTIVE 1 Economic Outlook and Policy Challenges 1 Introduction 6 Global Context 9 Review of Developments in 2016-17 13 Outlook for 2016-17 20 Outlook for 2017-18 22 Other Issues 22 Redistribution: Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a radical new vision 23 Exchange rate policy: Vigilance and new ways of monitoring 25 Trade Policy 26 Climate Change and India 27 Ensuring Women's Privacy 30 India's Soon-to-Recede Demographic Dividend 2 The Economic Vision for Precocious, Cleavaged India 38 Introduction 42 The Road to be Traversed 46 Possible Explanations 51 Conclusion SECTION II: THE PROXIMATE 3 Demonetization: To Deify or Demonize? 53 Introduction 55 Background Facts 59 Analytics 61 Benefits 62 Early Evidence for Potential Long Term Benefits 66 Short Term Impact 69 Impact on GDP 76 Redistribution to the Government 76 Markers of Success 77 Maximizing Long Term Benefits, Minimizing Short-Term Costs 4 The Festering Twin Balance Sheet Problem 82 Introduction 89 Is the Strategy Sustainable? 94 What Needs to be Done? 98 Conclusion 5 Fiscal Framework: The World is Changing, Should India Change Too? 105 Introduction 106 India and the World: Flows 108 India and the World: Stocks 111 Conclusion 6 Fiscal Rules: Lessons from the States 113 Introduction 115 Summary of the Fiscal
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Reforms and Foreign Trade in India --Viral Pandya and Kalp
    International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Research Vol.1, Issue 1 (2011) 10-36 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd., ECONOMIC REFORMS AND INDIA’S FOREIGN TRADE: EXPEDITION OF ECONOMIC STABILITY Kalpana Satija [email protected] Viral Pandya ABSTRACT Since the economic reform commence in July 1991, India has emerged as a chief trading and foreign trade has began to wield a grater influence on the domestic economy than at any other stage in India’s narration. India was facing such a trouble like failure to pay on international commitments, or loosing of admittance to peripheral credit markets, mounting current account discrepancy, declining rate of economic growth, elevated inflationary pressures, reduction of foreign currency reserves etc. The reform initiatives included, among other things, reducing the level and dispersion of tariffs and quantitative restrictions and improving regulations on domestic and improving regulations on domestic and foreign investments. 1 The process of trade linearization and market oriented economic reforms intensified in 1991 in India. The reforms undertaken varied in rights and content in diverse economic and trade areas. INTRODUCTION As the performance of India’s foreign trade has proved, such as growth and structural changes in export, changes in speculation and exposure of the export economy of India, and economic reforms are acquainted with as an ample for the swift growth. To what scope has India shift towards an additional unbolt trade policy contribution to the growth acceleration? Economist have extensive argue that the swing away from a congested to a more untie economy should improve 1 Natural Resource Accounting: Economic Valuation of Intangible Benefits of Forests by T.R.
    [Show full text]
  • OECD Economic Surveys: India 2017
    OECD Economic Surveys India February 2017 OVERVIEW www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-india.htm This Overview is extracted from the 2017 Economic Survey of India. The Survey was discussed at a meeting of the Economic and Development Review Committee which is charged with the examination of the economic situation of member and key partner countries, and is published on the responsibility of the Secretary General of the OECD. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area OECD Economic Surveys: India© OECD 2017 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. OECD Economic Surveys: India © OECD 2017 Executive summary ● Growth has been strong ● Tax reform could make growth more inclusive ● Policy reforms at the state and municipal levels could boost productivity and reduce spatial disparities 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Growth has been strong Annualised average increase 2014-2016Q3 Economic growth of around 7½% makes India the Y-o-y % fastest-growing G20 economy.
    [Show full text]
  • GOVERNANCE and POLITICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP in INDIA: CASE STUDIES of GUJARAT and BIHAR By
    GOVERNANCE AND POLITICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN INDIA: CASE STUDIES OF GUJARAT AND BIHAR by Snigdha Dewal A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of George Mason University in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy Committee: Hilton L. Root, Chair Jack A. Goldstone Qing Tian E. Vayunandan, External Reader Kenneth J. Button, Program Director Mark J. Rozell, Dean Date: Spring Semester 2016 George Mason University Fairfax, VA Governance and Political Entrepreneurship in India: Case Studies of Gujarat and Bihar A Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at George Mason University by Snigdha Dewal Master of Arts Jamia Millia Islamia, 2007 Director: Hilton L. Root, Professor School of Policy, Government, and International Affairs Spring Semester 2016 George Mason University Fairfax, VA This work is licensed under a creative commons attribution-noderivs 3.0 unported license. ii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my grandparents, Dr. O.S. Dewal and Mrs. Rama Dewal, and Thakur Prithvi Singh Bhada and Mrs. Shobha Bhada. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people who made this dissertation possible. I am grateful to my parents, Dr. O.P. Dewal and Gunbala Dewal for their love and support. My extended family, including Anand and Sanjay Roharia and Shashank Dewal, for being there in every way. I would like to thank my friend Nandini Bhardwaj for being an invaluable source of strength and for believing I would do this even on days when I did not. I would like to thank my friend Rashmeet Kaur for her faith.
    [Show full text]
  • India Trade Liberalization
    Governing the Global Economy India: Liberalize in the Face of Crisis? The Prime Minister of India, P.V. Narasimha Rao, reviews a petition from representatives in the country’s steel industry. The petition makes a stark appeal to maintain trade protection in steel products.1 This was June 1991, and India was in the midst of a currency and balance of payments crisis the likes the country had not seen since independence in 1947. At the end of the previous year, the country’s foreign exchange reserves had nosedived to $1.2 billion, barely enough to finance 13 days worth of imports.2 This was the closest the Indian government had come to going bankrupt and reneging on its international financial commitments. In the face of crisis, the Prime Minister was forced to consider external help from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which was accompanied by market-oriented conditionalities. The prospect of IMF support was a double-edged sword: on the one hand, restoration of finances and a viable path to economic recovery, but on the other, forced trade liberalization that would upend decades of centralized planning and inward- oriented growth. The IMF’s adjustment plan would touch nearly every citizen, firm, and industry in the country. Liberalization, in theory, could stimulate long-term growth in the economy, yet it could also impose substantial adjustment costs in the form of firm closures and job losses. Rao had just made a televised speech to the nation, stating that “the government and the country cannot keep living beyond their means year after year…there are no soft options left.”3 But a growing chorus of constituents, industry groups, and labor unions were demanding that the government resist liberalization.
    [Show full text]
  • Republic of India Bhārat Gaṇ Ṇarājya
    India From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the Republic of India. For other uses, see India (disambiguation). Republic of India Bhārat Gaṇarājyaṇ Flag Emblem Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit) "Truth Alone Triumphs"[1] Anthem: Jana Gana Mana "Thou art the rulers of the minds of all people"[2][3] MENU 0:00 National song: Vande Mataram "I Bow to Thee, Mother"[a][1][3] Area controlled by India shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green. Capital New Delhi 28°36.8′N 77°12.5′E Largest city Mumbai Official languages Hindi English [show] Recognised regional languages 8th Schedule [show] National language None Demonym Indian Government Federal parliamentary constitutional republic [1] - President Pranab Mukherjee - Vice President Mohammad Hamid Ansari - Prime Minister Narendra Modi (BJP) - Chief Justice H. L. Dattu [6] - Speaker of the House Sumitra Mahajan (BJP) Legislature Parliament of India - Upper house Rajya Sabha - Lower house Lok Sabha Independence from the United Kingdom - Dominion 15 August 1947 - Republic 26 January 1950 Area - Total 3,287,590[7] km2[b] (7th) 1,269,346 sq mi - Water (%) 9.6 Population - 2011 census 1,210,193,422[8] (2nd) - Density 380.5/km2 (31st) 985.6/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2014 estimate - Total $7.277 trillion[9] (3rd) - Per capita $5,777[9] (125th) GDP (nominal) 2014 estimate - Total $2.048 trillion[9] (10th) - Per capita $1,626[9] (145th) Gini (2010) 33.9[10] medium · 79th HDI (2013) 0.586[11] medium · 135th Currency Indian rupee ( ) (INR) Time zone IST (UTC+05:30) - Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+05:30) Date format dd-mm-yyyy (CE) Drives on the left Calling code +91 ISO 3166 code IN Internet TLD .in other TLDs[show] India ( i / ˈ ɪ n d i ə /), officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Ganarājyaṇ ),[12][c] is a country in South Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Survey 2016-17
    Economic Survey 2016-17 Government of India Ministry of Finance Department of Economic Affairs Economic Division January, 2017 CONTENTS Chapter Page Name of the Chapter No. No. v Acknowledgements vii Preface ix Abbreviations xi Eight Interesting Facts about India SECTION I: THE PERSPECTIVE 1 Economic Outlook and Policy Challenges 1 Introduction 6 Global Context 9 Review of Developments in 2016-17 13 Outlook for 2016-17 20 Outlook for 2017-18 22 Other Issues 22 Redistribution: Universal Basic Income (UBI) as a radical new vision 23 Exchange rate policy: Vigilance and new ways of monitoring 25 Trade Policy 26 Climate Change and India 27 Ensuring Women's Privacy 30 India's Soon-to-Recede Demographic Dividend 2 The Economic Vision for Precocious, Cleavaged India 38 Introduction 42 The Road to be Traversed 46 Possible Explanations 51 Conclusion SECTION II: THE PROXIMATE 3 Demonetization: To Deify or Demonize? 53 Introduction 55 Background Facts 59 Analytics 61 Benefits 62 Early Evidence for Potential Long Term Benefits 66 Short Term Impact 69 Impact on GDP 76 Redistribution to the Government 76 Markers of Success 77 Maximizing Long Term Benefits, Minimizing Short-Term Costs 4 The Festering Twin Balance Sheet Problem 82 Introduction 89 Is the Strategy Sustainable? 94 What Needs to be Done? 98 Conclusion 5 Fiscal Framework: The World is Changing, Should India Change Too? 105 Introduction 106 India and the World: Flows 108 India and the World: Stocks 111 Conclusion 6 Fiscal Rules: Lessons from the States 113 Introduction 115 Summary of the Fiscal
    [Show full text]
  • Whoswho 2018.Pdf
    Hindi version of the Publication is also available सत㔯मेव ज㔯ते PARLIAMENT OF INDIA RAJYA SABHA WHO’S WHO 2018 (Corrected upto November 2018) सं द, र ी㔯 स ाज㔯 त सभ ार ा भ P A A H R B LI A AM S EN JYA T OF INDIA, RA RAJYA SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI © RAJYA SABHA SECRETARIAT, NEW DELHI http://parliamentofindia.nic.in http://rajyasabha.nic.in E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL TEAM Shri D. S. Prasanna Kumar Director Smt. Vandana Singh Additional Director Smt. Asha Singh Joint Director Shri Md. Salim Ali Assistant Research Officer Shri Mohammad Saleem Assistant Research Officer PUBLISHED BY THE SECRETARY-GENERAL, RAJYA SABHA AND PRINTED BY DRV GrafIx Print, 41, Shikshak BHAwAN, INSTITUTIonal AREA, D-BLoCK JANAKPURI, NEw DELHI-110058 PREFACE TO THE THIRTY-FOURTH EDITION Rajya Sabha Secretariat has the pleasure of publishing the updated thirty- fourth edition of ‘Rajya Sabha who’s who’. Subsequent to the retirement of Members and biennial elections and bye- elections held in 2017 and 2018, information regarding bio-data of Members have been updated. The bio-data of the Members have been prepared on the basis of information received from them and edited to keep them within three pages as per the direction of the Hon’ble Chairman, Rajya Sabha, which was published in Bulletin Part-II dated May 28, 2009. The complete bio-data of all the Members are also available on the Internet at http://parliamentofindia.nic.in and http://rajyasabha.nic.in. NEW DELHI; DESH DEEPAK VERMA, December, 2018 Secretary-General, Rajya Sabha CONTENTS PAGES 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Income Inequality, 1922‐2015: from British Raj to Billionaire Raj?
    bs_bs_banner Review of Income and Wealth Series 65, Number S1, November 2019 DOI: 10.1111/roiw.12439 INDIAN INCOME INEQUALITY, 1922-2015: FROM BRITISH RAJ TO BILLIONAIRE RAJ? BY LUCAS CHANCEl* Paris School of Economics World Inequality Lab AND THOMAS PIKEttY Paris School of Economics Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales World Inequality Lab We combine household surveys and national accounts, as well as recently released tax data to track the dynamics of Indian income inequality from 1922 to 2015. According to our benchmark estimates, the top 1 percent of earners captured less than 21 percent of total income in the late 1930s, before dropping to 6 percent in the early 1980s and rising to 22 percent in the recent period. Our results appear to be robust to a range of alternative assumptions seeking to address numerous data limitations. These find- ings suggest that much more can be done to promote inclusive growth in India. We also stress the need for more transparency on income and wealth statistics, which is key to allow an informed democratic debate on inequality. JEL Codes: D31, N35, O15 Keywords: inequality, India, top incomes 1. INtRODUCtION India introduced an individual income tax with the Income Tax Act of 1922, under the British colonial administration. From this date, up to the turn of the 20th century, the Indian Income Tax Department produced income tax tabula- tions, making it possible to track the long-run evolution of top incomes in a sys- tematic manner. Using this data, Banerjee and Piketty (2005) showed that the share of fiscal income accruing to the top 1 percent earners shrank substantially from the mid-1950s to the mid-1980s, from about 13 percent of fiscal income, to less than 5 percent in the early 1980s.
    [Show full text]