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Gastropoda: Rissoidae) in the Lower Miocene of Valle Ceppi (Torino, NW Italy

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Gastropoda: Rissoidae) in the Lower Miocene of Valle Ceppi (Torino, NW Italy Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 48 (1), 2009, 51-57. Modena, 15 maggio 200951 Two new species of Rissoina (Gastropoda: Rissoidae) in the Lower Miocene of Valle Ceppi (Torino, NW Italy) Marta ZUNINO & Giulio PAVIA M. Zunino, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Torino, Italy; [email protected] G. Pavia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Torino, Italy; [email protected] KEY WORDS - Rissoidae, Rissoina, Lower Miocene, Valle Ceppi, Torino Hills, Tertiary Piedmont Basin. ABSTRACT - Two new species of Rissoina from the Miocene of Torino Hills, Rissoina (R.) giuntellii and Rissoina (R.) sturanii, are described in this paper. Rissoina (R.) giuntellii n. sp. is frequent in the Lower Miocene deposits of Valle Ceppi and in coeval and more recent layers of Torino Hills; it is characterized by a small shell with convex whorls, the sculpture is composed by prominent axial ribs and cords visible at the base of the last whorl. Rissoina (R.) sturanii n. sp. is only known from the Valle Ceppi section; it is characterized by medium-sized shells with flat whorls and very fine axial and spiral ornamentation. Because of the reduced number of specimens and their state of conservation, scanning electron microscope photographs were used to study shell micro-architecture where possible. Comparison with the coeval Rissoininae known from the deposits of Paratethys, Aquitaine Basin and Loire Basin confirmed the election of Rissoina (R.) giuntellii n. sp. and Rissoina (R.) sturanii n. sp., currently known only in the Miocene deposits of the Tertiary Piedmont Basin. RIASSUNTO - [Due nuove specie di Rissoina (Gastropoda: Rissoidae) nel Miocene inferiore di Valle Ceppi (Torino, NW Italia)] - Recentemente è stata avviata la revisione delle associazioni a molluschi del Miocene inferiore della Collina di Torino. I livelli fossiliferi presenti nella località di Valle Ceppi hanno restituito un’abbondante associazione a micro-molluschi, in particolare gasteropodi, ancora mai studiata nel dettaglio. In questa prima nota sistematica vengono descritte due nuove specie appartenenti alla famiglia Rissoidae: Rissoina (R.) giuntellii e Rissoina (R.) sturanii. La prima specie è frequente nei depositi di Valle Ceppi ed è stato possibile riconoscerne la presenza anche nei depositi del Miocene medio di altre località fossilifere della Collina di Torino. Al contrario la seconda specie, rappresentata da un numero esiguo di esemplari, è finora stata riconosciuta solo nel Miocene inferiore di Valle Ceppi. Le analisi morfologiche permettono di riconoscere le due specie da altre congeneriche del Bacino Terziario Piemontese, in base ai seguenti caratteri distintivi: Rissoina (R.) giuntellii n. sp. presenta una conchiglia di piccole dimensioni con giri molto convessi e un’ornamentazione composta da spesse coste assiali e ornamentazione spirale limitata alla base dell’ultimo giro; Rissoina (R.) sturanii n. sp. è caratterizzata da giri piatti con un’ornamentazione formata da tenui coste assiali che si intersecano con i sottili cordoni spirali formando piccole celle rettangolari. Le differenze morfologiche evidenziate rispetto ai Rissoininae di altre località del Miocene europeo, come la Paratetide, il Bacino di Aquitania e il Bacino della Loira, hanno confermato la validità dell’istituzione di Rissoina (R.) giuntellii n. sp. e Rissoina (R.) sturanii n. sp. Questi taxa sono al momento conosciuti solo nei depositi miocenici del Bacino Terziario Piemontese. INTRODUCTION preservation. Nevertheless, since Ponder’s is the only and most complete classification available, it is adopted here. Rissoids are small to minute prosobranchs found in Our task is facilitated by the shell peculiarity of the seas throughout the world. They usually prefer shallow genus Rissoina d’Orbigny, 1840, whose representatives water and the greatest diversity of species occurs in the from the Lower Miocene of Valle Ceppi are treated in lowest intertidal and in shallow sublittoral zone where this paper. Taxa assigned to Rissoina show relative large algae, stones, corals or other objects provide shelter. The and turret-like shells, D-shaped apertures usually with oldest fossil rissoids are recorded from the European varix on the outer lip and with anterior and posterior Middle Jurassic; few taxa are cited from Cretaceous, channels; furthermore, the protoconch is pauci- to whereas most records pertain to the Cainozoic, especially multispiral, dome shaped, smooth or weakly sculptured. of Europe, Indonesia, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand The taxonomy of European Mio-Pliocene Rissoina (Ponder, 1984). dates back to the classic monographs on Tertiary molluscs Taxonomic definitions within the family Rissoidae are by Sacco (1895), Friedberg (1911-1928), Cossmann & complicated by the small size of shells and by their Peyrot (1919). Recent contributions with short homoeomorphism due to convergence in architecture and descriptions of some Rissoina include those of Glibert ornamentation, which are often repeated in different (1949, 1962), Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov (1960), subfamilies and genera. The supraspecific classification Baluk (1975; 2006), Landau et al. (2004) and Chirli of Rissoidae was revised by Ponder (1984) and was based (2006). The literature records 27 species from the Euro- on a combination of diagnostic characters found in adult Mediterranean Miocene. Five of these are listed by Sacco shells, embryonic whorls, radula, organic operculum and (1895) from the Lower Miocene deposits of the Tertiary the internal anatomy of living specimens. In fact, such a Piedmont Basin (TPB): Rissoina (R.) pusilla, R. (R.) classification hardly applies to fossil rissoids, at any decussata, R. (R.) obsoleta, R. (R.) moravica, Rissoina systematic level, due to the loss of anatomic and organic (Rissolina) lamellosa. In the Lower Miocene deposits elements and because of the influence of shell of Valle Ceppi, just three of these species were ISSN 0375-7633 52 Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 48 (1), 2009 Fig. 1 - a) Structural sketch map of northwestern Italy (modified after Clari et al., 1994). b) Location of scheme c. c) Schematic map of the sedimentary succession of Torino Hills; dotted areas indicate conglomeratic bodies. recognized (R. pusilla, R. decussata and R. lamellosa); to Miocene molasse-type succession (Festa et al., in in addition, within the examined material, we identified press a, b) and are attributed to the Early Miocene, in two new taxa that are the object of the present paper. particular to the Burdigalian Biozone N7a (Zunino, Only the new species are described here in detail, 2007). Lithologically, the Termofourà Fm. is composed whereas those already described in the literature are by marls, fine to coarse sandstones and conglomerates discussed for comparative purposes. with structures and textures testifying gravity deposition on the outer slope of large submerged fan deltas (Clari et al., 1994). GEOLOGICAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL DATA The invertebrate assemblages of Valle Ceppi are dominated by molluscs (Zunino, 2007) and gastropods Valle Ceppi is a deep valley cut by the Rio Civera and are the best represented fossils. Common taxa belong to located 3 km northeast of the village of Pino Torinese on Naticidae (Euspira catena, Neverita josephinia), the southern slope of the so-called “Colli Torinesi” (Torino Nassariidae (Nassarius badensis, N. tessellatus), Hills; Fig. 1). In its middle part, just upstream of Tetti Olividae (Oliva cylindracea, Ancilla glandiformis), Civera, a set of fossiliferous beds crops out. They match Conidae (Conus antiquus, C. brocchii), Turridae one of the best known localities described by Sacco (1889- (Gemmula subcoronata, Bathythoma cataphracta). The 1890) in the Miocene deposits of the Torino Hills, which microgastropods are nearly unknown: the commonest attracted the interest of many palaeontologists since the groups are Rissoidae (several species of Alvania, beginning of the nineteenth century (e.g. Borson, 1820- Rissoina decussata, R. pusilla), Diastomidae 1825). These include Bellardi (1872-1890) and Sacco (Sanbergeria perpusilla), Litiopidae (Alaba costellata), (1890-1904), whose studies on mollusc assemblages led Cerithiidae (Bittium reticulatum). to the compilation of the namesake collection, formerly The state of shell preservation is good but traces of held at the “Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia” of the erosion and fractures are common on the teleoconch, and Torino University and now transferred to the “Museo are present as a rule on the protoconch. Fossils are totally Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino”. allochthonous: the gravity processes that led to the The Torino Hills are a structural domain of TPB that deposition of the fossiliferous beds involved different rises south of the city of Torino and the Po River (Polino biocoenoses, resulting in a mixing of specimens et al., 1991). The fossiliferous layers of Valle Ceppi transported from different environments, ranging from pertain to the Termofourà Formation, within the Eocene the littoral to the epibathyal zones. M. Zunino, G. Pavia - New species of Rissoina in the Lower Miocene 53 MATERIAL AND METHODS Topotypes - Zunino’s collection: 66 specimens (PU108598-PU108664), Giuntelli’s collection: 37 Molluscs from the Burdigalian of Valle Ceppi derive specimens (PU108665-PU108702). from six large samples (weight: 2-5 kg) taken from four different
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