Euspira Magenesi, a Ne\T Species of the Naticidae (Gastropoda) from the Pliocene of Italy

Home , Euspira, Euspira catena, Euspira fusca, Glossaulax, Laguncula, Natica

Rivista Italiana di Paleontologra e Strtrtigrafia UICCNIDTE IUU 'l

NOTA BREVE-SHORT NOTE

EUSPIRA MAGENESI, A NE\T SPECIES OF THE NATICIDAE (GASTROPODA) FROM THE PLIOCENE OF ITALY

LUCA PEDRIALI': & ELIO ROBBA'}'I

Recehed July 5, 20Al: accepted Septetnber 21, 2A01

Key'oords; Taxonornr-, Gatropods, Naticids, Pliocene, North- additional specimen was recovered later on in Piedmont, crn ItaÌr.-. from tr layer of fine sand exposed on the right bank of the stream Rio Vaccaruzza northeast of Villalvernia (Fig. Riassuttto. Viene descritta e figurate Euspira ntagctto r nuor':r specie di Naticidae rinvenuta in depositi argiiJoso-sabbìosi plioccnici 1). The sandy layer pe rtains to the uppermost p.1rr of the csposti nelle località di R:io Rosello (Emilia, provincia di Piacenza) e Pliocene formation known as Argille di Lugagnano Vjllalvernia (Piemonte, pror,ìncie dì Alessandria). L:r specie, di piccola (Lugagnano Clay) . For further information on this lat- tagììa. e car.rtterizz.rtr d.r sutura canalicolata, ombelico :rbbastenza ter loc.ility, reference can be made to Brambilla (1976). ampio e profondo, nonché dell'epertura prolungata abapic:rlmente. Si tratta di un elemento poco comunc, probabilmente inlralitorale e leea- The species, that fits in with the characters of the to a frcies di transiz-jone trl paleobioccnosì analoghe a queile rrru.ìÌi genlrs Euspira Agasúz in J. Sowerby, 1837, after thor- medìterranee SFBC e DC. ough examination of literature data and of number of Neogene naticids in the Bellardi-Srcco collection (Uni- Abstract. The nen. n:rtìcic1 specics Euspira magenesz is describecl versity of Torino), proved be previously rnd figurcd. Thc t1-pc-nr:terial u'as recovered fron Plioccne deposits to undescribed exposcd along the strearr Rìo Rosello (Emilia resjon, Pi;rcenza and is discussed and figured herein. province) and ncar Villalvernia (Piedmont, Alessandria pror,:ince). The snrall-sizecl Euspira magenesi is featured b1. channeled sLlturej open, rather n-ide umbilicr.rs trnd :bapicrìly prrtlucrd .ìperrure. It is :rn Systematic account urlcorrìmon infrelittoral element Ìike1v related ro ccorones betu.een palcobiocoenoses sìmihr to the modern Mediterranean SFBC and DC. The suprageneric rrr.rngemenr is th:rt adopted in recent major revisions of the Family Naticidae (Kilburn 1976;Marrncovìch 1977; Majima 1989). We follow Maji- Introduction ma (1989) and Bouchet & Waren (1993) in ranking Euspira Agassiz in J. Sowerby, 1837 as a full genus of the In the course of field work aiming to recover narl- subfarnily Polinicinae. cids from the Pliocene outcrops along the stream named The bulk of the studied material is housed in the Rio Rosello near Sariano (Piacenza province), ren speci- Museo G. Cortesi di Castell'Arquato (MGC); paratype mens of a small polinicine spcc;es were found. The 551/GF (unfigured) is stored in the Museo di Ecologia e material was obtained from a lenticular body of clayey Storia Naturale di Marano sul Panaro, Modena, paratype sand that crops out on the right bank of Rio Rosello, 23957 (unfigured; in the Collezione Malacologica of the about 280 m south west of Case Badini di Sopra (Fig. t). Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia G. Cappellini, The calcareous nannofossil contents of the sandy clay Bologna and paratype MZB 18569 (unfigured; in the resulted to be mostly ren'orked and gave a general Laboratorio di Malacologia, Bologna. Pliocene age (P Maior.rno, wrirren communication, Symbols for shell dimensions are: NW number of 2000) . According to S. Raffi (oral communicrtion, whorls; PD, diameter of the protoconch; H, height of 2001), this lithotype belongs to the Monte Zago Unit of the shell; D, maximum diameter; ha, height of the aper- Piacenzian age as treated by Roveri et al. (1998). An ture; MSA, mean spire angle.

" Vja S. Pertini 29,I11A16 San Martino, Ferrara, Itali,'. 'r': Dipartimento di Scienze Gcologichc e Geotecnologje, Unìr'ersità degìi Studi di Mìlano-Bicocca,Piazzt clella Scienza 4,I2A126 Milano, Italr'. E maìl: elio.robbaCaunimib.it 484 L. Pedriali €' E. Robba

Fig. 1 - Location map of the tYPe- locrìir; o[ [usPira mage't,si sp. n. (bottom, right) and of the orLtcrop near Villalvernia (bottom, left).

The diagnostic characters o{ Euspira are 1) shell thin to moderately thick, globose or globose-elon gate, 2) protoconch low-turbiniform of r.5-2.5 smooth whorls, 3) sPrre depressed to moderately elevated, somewhat stepped in some species, 4) sutllre we aklY impressed to channeled, 5) umbilicus open rnd deep. nar- row to wide, 6) funicle weak to absenl, 7) parietal callus moderately thick, slender, n'ith distinct anlerior lobe slightly overhang- Family Naticidae Forbes, 1838 ing the adapical part of the umbilicus, 8) umbilical callus Subfamiiy Polinicinae Finlay Er Marwick, 1937 indistinct to rroderately developed, merging into the anterior lobe of the parietal callus or demarcated from it Genus Euspira Agassiz in J. Sowerby, 1837 by a weak groove. 9) corneous operculum. genus useful The Eocene Natica glaucinoides J. Sowerby, 1812 is Euspira is a distinctive cosmopolitan the type-species by subsequent designation (Bucquoy, to accomodate polinicine species with the open (not slit- Dautzenberg & Dollfus 1883, p. 1a3). The synonymy of like) umbilicus virtually devoid of funicle and with Natica glaucinoìdes with Natica labellata Lamarck, 1804, strongly reduced to absent umbilical callus. Six well stated by Cox (1930) and accepted later on by several known species from the Italian Pliocene do belong to authors, was rejected by Vrigley (1949) who regarded Euspira, namely Natica fusca de Blainville, 1825, Lwnatia the two species as distinct and redescribed Sowerby's grossularia Marche-Marchad, 1957, l"latica guillemini taxon. According to Kabat (1991), Laguncula Benson, Payraudeau, \826, Nerita helicina Brocchi, 1.81.4, Natica 1.842, Bensonia Gray, 1847, Lunatìa Gray, 1847, Ampul' macilenta Philippi, 1844 and Natica pulchella Risso, varieties oÍ Euspira Lonatica Sacco, 1 890, Labellinacca Cossmann, 1'918, Dal- 1826. Sacco (1891) created several litesta Mansfield, 1930, Scarlatia Schileyko, 1,977 and catena (Da Costa, 1778) that, at least partly, belong here. Pseuclopolinices Golikov Er Sirenko, 1983 are synonyms They will be dealt with in a forthcorning revision o1 of Euspira. Pliocene naticids (Pedriali & Robba, in preparation).

PLATE 1

f19.1 - Euspira magenesi sp. n. Holotype. Rio Rosello. MGC 567; a) apical n'horls (the protoconch-teleoconch transition indic;rtcd by arrorv), b) top view, c) protoconch, d) apertural side, e) abapertural side' f) spire, g) detail of the channeled suture (arrow), h) base, ì) umbilical cavitl4 l) and m) sculpture of the umbilical wall - Euspira magenesi sp. n. Paratype. Rio Rosello. MGC 568; apertural side. Fig. 3 - Euspira magenesì sp. n. Paratype. Villalvernia, MGC 523; apertural side. Euspira //tLrga//est 486 L. Pedriali & E. Robba

Euspira magenesi sp. n. restricted to parr of the body n'horl; surural channel red- Pli t, fig. l-3 dish-brown, with adaxial blackish band.

Derivation of name. The spccìes is nlmcd after Paolo Mirgcnes s'ho provided the type-meteriai. Dimensions (mm): N\l PD H D ha MSA Holotype. Rio Rosello: MGC 562 (P1.1, fie. 1a-m). MGC 567 (holotl.pe) 4.00 0.92 1.03 4.05 3.31 1OO" Paratypes. Rio Rosello: 5 spms., MCC 568-5/2; 1 spm., MGC 568 4.25 0.E9 1.31 4.16 3.4r 96" 551/GF; 1 spm.,23957; 1 spm., MZB 18569; 1 Villalvernia: sprn., MGC MGC ,t.50 573. 569 0.95 Preservation. txcept for minor danages of rhe perisromc ìl MGC s70 4.75 8.OO some specimens, the preservation is fair. MGC 571 4.00 - 3.58 1.02 2.63 1Os. Type-locality. Rieht benk of the srream Rio Rosello, 280 m MGC 572 .t. 10 - 3.65 1.13 3.A7 115" south west of Case Badìni di Sopra ne:rr rhe village of Sari;rno (Piacen MGC 573 4.75 A.96 7.A5 7.11 6.41 109. 7,x) . Horizon. Lcns-shaped intercalation oI clavel, send in the Monr,. Z.rgo Unit, Lon cr Pìrienzi.rn. Remarks. The present new species fully matches Diagnosis. Depresscd-globose, thin shcll u.ith moderatelv high to depressed, somervlrar stepped spire. Protoconch o[ l.l5-2 the characters of the genLrs Euspira Agassiz in J. Sower- smooth s.horls. Sutures channeled. Umbilicus wide and decp, bound- by, 1837 as summarized above, and shares the most sig- ed bv a sharp :rngulation. Umbilìcal n.all excar-ated, sculpured with spi- nificant features wrth Euspira glaucinoides (J. Sorverby, ral cords crossed b1. coarsc growth lines. Aperture hrgh, proJuccd 1812). The type-species has markedly globose shell with abapicallr: Parietal callus with slender anterjor lobe reaching the basal higher spire, impressed suture fasciole. Funicle wanting. Umbìlicel callus modcratel). d"""'oO.O, and somewhat smaller attachcd to the adapical part of the umbilicus and nerging ìnto the tumbilicus devoid of inner spiral sculprure. anterior lobe of the pariet:rl callus. Euspira mtlgenesi is easily distinguished from the others Euspira species in combining 1) somewhat Description. Shell small, only slightly exceeding Z stepped spire,2) channeled sutures, 3) depressed body mm in height, thin, depressed-globose, with moderately whorl, 4) rvidely open umbilicus, 5) sculptured umbilical elevated, obtuse spire that is about 2A 'k oî the shell wall and 6) high, abapically produced aperture. The height. Protoconch low-turbiniform of 1.75-2 apparent- Miocene North European Euspira nysti (d'Orbrgny, ly smooth whorls, faintly but distinctly demarcated 1852) and Euspira gottschei (Kautsky, 1925) are closely from the teleoconch because of change in the shell tex- related, but have lower and broader, more distinctly D- ture; the diameter averages 0.93 mm. Spire somewhat shaped aperture (cf. Janssen 1984, pl. 55, figs. 4, 5). stepped, whorls convex, meering rt deeply and broadly Euspira fusca (de Blainville, 1825), Euspira grosswlaria channeled sutures. Body whorl large, somewhar (M.irche-Marchad, 1957), Euspira guìllemini depressed, rather quickly expanding and produced (Payraudeau , 1826), Euspira beÌicina (Brocchi, 1814), abapically toward the aperture; periphery sliehtly above Euspira macilenta (Philippi, i844) and Euspira pulchella midÌine. Umbilicus wide and deep exposing earlier (Risso, 1826), occurring in Pliocene deposits of Italy, whorls, clearly demarcated from base by a sharp enguh- attain a larger size, have more globose, more robust shell tion; umbilical wall descending steeply ro a narro.w and with higher spire and smaller umbilicus. shallow spiral groove, rhen excavared to form a broad The channeled suture is clearly developed in the spiral depression sculptured with uneven, low spiral Recent North Atlantic Euspira montagui (Forbes, 1838). cords brossed by coarse gros/rh markings resulring in xn This species, also small-sized, differs from Ewspìra mage- irreg;ular square-reticulated pattern. Basal fasciole poor- nesì rn having more globose shell, larger protoconch (1.2 ly differentiated. Aperture ovarely D-shaped, slìghtly mm in diameter) with spirally sculprured first whorl, obiique, markedly produced abapically, nearly as high as lower and broader aperrure and unsculptured umbilical twice its width. Parietal callus thin to moderarely rhick, wall. reaching the basal fasciole; anrerior lobe slender, with The spiral sculprure of the umbilical wall occurs pointed edge slightly extending over the adapical part of rather commonly in species of the polinicinc genus the umbilicus. Funicle absent. Umbilical callus moder- Glossaulax Pilsbry, 1929 (cf. Majima 1989) whereas it is ately developed, triangular to semicircular, occasionally unusual in Euspira. It is noted in Euspira catena (D^ with faint transverse furrow; it attaches to the ad;rpic.rl Costa, 1778) and appears to be particularly coarse in part of the umbilicus and merges into the anterior lobe Pliocene specimens from Belgiurn. In the norrheasrern of the parietal callus. Operculum unknown, supposed ro Pacific area (cf. Maricovich 1977), the Miocene to be corneous. Recent Polinices (Euspira) le.raisii (Gould, 1842) and the Outer surface smooth except for dense, thin Pliocene to Recent Polinices (Euspira) draconis (DaII, grosrth lines that are coarser over rhe basal fasciole; a 1903) exhibit a spirally sculprured umbilical wall. All faint spiral striation is noted on lower base. Nicely pre- these species differ lrom Euspira mdgenesi in several served specimens exhibit a yellowish background witl-r respects and none of them has either channeled sutures fine, distant reddish collabral lines, in some insrances or an abapically produced aperture. Euspira magenesi 487

Euspira magenesi is an uncommon taxon so far REFERENCES recovered from Piacenzian deposits of Piedmont and western Emilia regions. The rather fragile shell and the Bouchet P &'Waren A. (1993) - Revision of the Noertheast smalì size likely have contributed to the failure to find Atlantic bath,val and abyssal Mesogastropoú. Boll. specimens in the past. Furthe r work n-ray expand the dis- Malac., Suppl. 3: 579-81A, Milano. tribution and refinc the stratigraphic range that, on the Branrbilla G. (.1976) - I molluschi pliocenici di Villah,ernia basis of the present material, appears to be restricted to (Alessandria). I. Lamellibranchi. Mem. Soc. Ital. Sc. the Upper Piiocene. Nat., L[us. Ci.oico St. Nat. Mtlano, 21(3): 82-128, It is difficult to infer the paleoecological meaning lvl r lxn o. of Euspira magenesi due to the scanty records. In the Bucquoy E., Dautzenberg P & Dollfus G. (1833) - Les Mol- type-localitv, it belongs to a fossil association characrer- lusqr.res Marins du Roussillon. Tome 1. Gastropodes. V of 520 pp., B. Baillière & Fils, Paris. ized by the abundant occurrence of Circomphalus foli- J. Cox L. R. (1930) - The Mollusca of the Hangu Shales. Mem. aceolamelloszs (Dillwyn, 1817) and Callista italica Geol. Suru. Inclia, PaÌaeont. Indica, 15(8): 129-222, CaI- (Defrance, 1818), and interprered (S. Rrffi. oral com- cu ttx. munication, 2001) as an infralittoral ecotone between Janssen A.\( (1984) - Mollusken ujt het Mioceen van 'Winter- Pliocene counterparts of the modern Mediterranean sw-ijk-Miste. Een inventarisatie, met beschrijr-ingen en \Vell biocoenoses SFBC (Biocoenosis of Fine Sorted afbeeldingen van alle aangetroffen soorren. V of 451

Sand) and DC (Biocoenosis of the Coastal Detritic) . pp., KNNV Amsterdam. The mollusk association at Villalr-ernia comoares more Kabat A. R. (1991) - The classification of the Naticidae (Mol- closely to a modern SFBC biocoenosis. Accordingly, lusca:Gastropoda): Review and analysis of the supraspe- Euspira megenesi is likely to be regarded as a tolerant cific taxa. BulL. Mws. Comp. Zool., ts2(l): 417-449, sand-related, infralittoral element that has dwelled in C:rmbridge. Kilburn R. N. (1926) - A revision of the Naticidae of Southern SFBC-influenced Pliocene serrrnss. Africa and MoEambique (Mollusca). Ann. Natal Mus., 22 (3) : 829-884, Pietermaritzburg. Majim:r R. (1989) - Cenozoic Fossil Naticidee (Mollusca:Gas- tropoda) in Japan. Bwll. Amer. Paleont.,96(331): 1-159, Ithaca. Acknouledgtnents. Marjncor.'ich L. (1977) - Cenoz-oic Naticidae (NIollusc:r: Gas- This paper has benefìted from critìcal reading bv S. Raffi, Uni- tropoda) of the Northeastern Pacific. Bull. Amer. Pale- versity of Bologna and from revier.ing b,v A. Varen, Swe dish Nluseurn ont, 7a(.294): 169-491, Itha.cl of Natural Histor1., Stockholm. F. Campanino, Museo di Geologi,r e Ror.eri M., Visentin C., Argani A., Knezaurek G., Lottaroli F., Paleontolo{Ìia, Llniversitv of Torino, àccess provided ro the Bellardì- Rossi M., Taviani M. & Vigliott; L. (1998) - The Castel- Sacco Collection. M. Grìgis, Ninove (Belgium), donated specimens of I'Arquato Basin: sequence srrarigraphy and stratal prt- EusPird cdtena from the Pliocene Lillo Formation of Belgiun-r. G. Della terns of an uplifting margin in the Apennines foothills Bella, Monterenzìo, Bologna, ailon ed access to his collccrìon. X4. Mar- (Itaìy). Giorn. Geol., 6a: 323-325, Bologna. iani, Civica Stazione Idrobiologica, Mjlano, essisted u'ith photocopies Sacco of some essentiri refcrences. Nannoplancton anall.ses bv P Maìorano, F. (1891) - I Molluschi dei Terreni Terziani del Piemonte Llnivcrsitv of Bari, are also acknou'ledged. The scanning electron e della Lìguria. Parte VIII. Galeodoliidae, Doliidae, micrographs were made b1.A. Rizzi, Unìr'ersity o{ Milano. The com- Ficulidae e Naticidae. V of 112 pp., C. Clausen, Torino. puter-assernbled platc w;.Ls prepared by F. Facchini, San Martino, Irer- Wrigley A. (1919) - English Eocene and Oligocene Naticìdae. rara. The research u-as granted bv the Unri.ersrtv of Milano-Bicocca. Proc. MalacoL Soc.,28: 1O-30, London.