National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control Cancer Australia

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control Cancer Australia National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control Cancer Australia National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control This report is available in print from 39 libraries around Australia and online at www.canceraustralia.gov.au ISBN: 978-1-74241-465-2 Online ISBN: 978-1-74241-466-9 Publications Approval Number –D0400 Suggested citation Cancer Australia and Cancer Voices Australia, 2011. National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control. Cancer Australia, Canberra, ACT. Paper-based publications © Commonwealth of Australia 2011 This work is copyright. You may reproduce the whole or part of this work in unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduction. Apart from rights to use as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 or allowed by this copyright notice, all other rights are reserved and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or any part of this work in any way (electronic or otherwise) without first being given the specific written permission from the Commonwealth to do so. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights are to be sent to the Publications and Copyright contact officer, Cancer Australia, Locked Bag 3, Strawberry Hills, NSW 2012. Internet sites © Commonwealth of Australia 2011 This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce the whole or part of this work in unaltered form for your own personal use or, if you are part of an organisation, for internal use within your organisation, but only if you or your organisation do not use the reproduction for any commercial purpose and retain this copyright notice and all disclaimer notices as part of that reproduction. Apart from rights to use as permitted by the Copyright Act 1968 or allowed by this copyright notice, all other rights are reserved and you are not allowed to reproduce the whole or any part of this work in any way (electronic or otherwise) without first being given the specific written permission from the Commonwealth to do so. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights are to be sent to the Publications and Copyright contact officer, Cancer Australia, Locked Bag 3, Strawberry Hills, NSW 2012. Table of Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................................................................................ii Preface .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................iii 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 2 National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control ................................................................................... 4 3 Core Principles of Consumer Engagement in Cancer Control ............................................................................................. 4 4 Key Elements of the Framework ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 5 Criteria for each Framework Element .............................................................................................................................................. 7 6 Consumer Involvement .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 7 Types of Consumer Involvement ......................................................................................................................................................10 8 Consumer involvement spanning the cancer pathway ..........................................................................................................12 9 Appendices .................................................................................................................................................................................................14 A Framework elements and criteria ......................................................................................................................................15 B Depth of consumer participation ........................................................................................................................................19 C Levels of consumer participation ......................................................................................................................................21 D Consumer involvement roles ................................................................................................................................................22 E Project methodology .................................................................................................................................................................23 F Literature summary ..................................................................................................................................................................25 G Consumer needs for involvement in cancer control ..................................................................................................27 H Expectations of cancer organisations and professional bodies ...........................................................................32 I Consultation findings ................................................................................................................................................................36 J Drivers for change .....................................................................................................................................................................38 K Members of the project governance ...............................................................................................................................39 10 Glossary .......................................................................................................................................................................................................43 11 References .................................................................................................................................................................................................47 List of Figures 1 Elements for effective consumer involvement in cancer control ........................................................................... 6 2 Consumer involvement capability ........................................................................................................................................ 9 3 Types of consumer involvement .........................................................................................................................................11 4 Depth of consumer participation ........................................................................................................................................19 List of Tables 1 Consumer involvement framework spanning the cancer pathway.....................................................................12 2 Framework elements and criteria ......................................................................................................................................15 3 Degrees of consumer control .............................................................................................................................................20 4 Levels of consumer participation .......................................................................................................................................21 5 Consumer involvement roles ................................................................................................................................................22 6 Consumer needs for involvement in cancer control ..................................................................................................27 7 Expectations of cancer organisations and professional bodies ..........................................................................32 8 Summary of consultation findings ....................................................................................................................................36 i Acknowledgements Cancer Australia and Cancer Voices Australia would like to thank the following people and organisations who have been instrumental in developing the National Framework for Consumer Involvement in Cancer Control: Membership of the Project Membership of the National Professor Jeanette Ward Steering Group Reference Group Ms Elise Davies Dr Ian Roos OAM (Chair) Dr Julie Thompson (Chair) Dr Euan Walpole Ms Lyn Swinburne AM Ms Mary Reid Professor Patsy Yates Dr Helen Zorbas (CEO) Ms Joan Hughes Professor Phyllis Butow Dr Anna Williamson Ms Amanda Winiata Professor Sanchia Aranda Ms Cathy Mitchell Ms Sally Crossing AM Assoc Professor Tim Shaw Professor Annette Street Ms Catherine Bullivant
Recommended publications
  • Cryotherapy for Recurrent Prostate Cancer and Renal Cancer
    Cryotherapy for Recurrent Prostate Cancer and Renal Cancer Part A – Salvage cryotherapy for recurrent or persistent prostate cancer after radiotherapy Part B – Cryotherapy for renal cancer September 2009 MSAC application 1124 Assessment report © Commonwealth of Australia 2009 ISBN (Print) 1-74186-958-7 ISBN (Online) 1-74186-959-5 ISSN (Print) 1443-7120 ISSN (Online) 1443-7139 First printed December 2009 Paper-based publications © Commonwealth of Australia 2009 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600 or posted at http://www.ag.gov.au/cca Internet sites © Commonwealth of Australia 2009 This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600 or posted at http://www.ag.gov.au/cca Electronic copies of the report can be obtained from the Medical Service Advisory Committee’s Internet site at http://www.msac.gov.au/ Printed copies of the report can be obtained from: The Secretary Medical Services Advisory Committee Department of Health and Ageing Mail Drop 106 GPO Box 9848 Canberra ACT 2601 Enquiries about the content of the report should be directed to the above address.
    [Show full text]
  • Cancer Research and Funding in Western Australia: an Overview from 2008-2010 Project Was Jointly Funded by the Western Australian
    CANCER RESEARCH AND FUNDING IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA AN OVERVIEW FROM 2008 to 2010 FEBRUARY 2011 The Cancer and Palliative Care Research and Evaluation Unit (CaPCREU) 1 The Cancer research and funding in Western Australia: An overview from 2008-2010 project was jointly funded by the Western Australian Cancer and Palliative Care Network and the Cancer Council WA The Cancer and Palliative Care Research and Evaluation Unit (CaPCREU) is a collaboration between Curtin University of Technology, Edith Cowan University and The University of Western Australia and was established with funding from the Western Australian Government through the Cancer and Palliative Care Network 2 This report was prepared by: Ms Nicole Shirazee CaPCREU School of Surgery The University of Western Australia Dr Toni Musiello School of Surgery The University of Western Australia Winthrop Professor Christobel Saunders CaPCREU School of Surgery The University of Western Australia Assistant Professor Claire Johnson CaPCREU School of Surgery The University of Western Australia Cancer and Palliative Care Research and Evaluation Unit (CaPCREU) School of Surgery M507 The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley WA 6009 Ph: 08 9346 1431 Fax: 08 9346 241 Cancer Research & Funding in WA: 2008-2010 3 Final report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary...................................................................................................... 5 2. Introduction .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Treating Advanced Prostate Cancer This Booklet Is Part of a Series of Four Booklets for Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer
    2 TREATMENT Treating advanced prostate cancer This booklet is part of a series of four booklets for men with advanced prostate cancer. This series of booklets aims to provide information about important issues that men need to know relating to advanced prostate cancer. These issues are divided into the four separate booklets for ease of access and understanding with each covering a major topic during the cancer journey. The topics covered by the four booklets are: 1) Diagnosis – information on how advanced prostate cancer is diagnosed; and after being diagnosed, 2) Treatment – the treatment options for advanced prostate cancer and what men need to know about these options that can help them choose the most appropriate option; 3) Side Effects – the treatment side effects men need to be aware of when choosing a treatment option; and 4) Wellbeing – activities men can do and changes they need to consider in order to maintain a positive wellbeing and good quality of life when living with advanced prostate cancer. The four booklets in this series are: 1 2 3 4 DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT SIDE EFFECTS WELLBEING Diagnosing advanced prostate cancer Treating advanced prostate cancer Managing treatment side effects Maintaining wellbeing with advanced prostate cancer of advanced prostate cancer Diagnosis Treatment Side effects Wellbeing Your diagnosis The range of The side effects How to deal with explained treatment options of treatment for the practicalities of available to you advanced prostate living with advanced (this booklet) cancer with tips on prostate cancer how to cope Copyright© Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia 2014 This work is copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2: Skin Cancer Prevention
    2 Skin Cancer Prevention 2.1 Skin cancer is often described as Australia’s ‘national cancer’,1 yet in 95 to 99 per cent of cases, it is a preventable disease.2 Although an overall increase in the incidence of skin cancer in Australia’s ageing population is likely, current trends indicate that mortality rates are likely to decrease. This decrease is attributed to long-term prevention activities, particularly those prevention activities which target younger Australian generations.3 2.2 This chapter examines incidence and prevalence trends, the common misconceptions and misunderstandings of the disease as well as the primary prevention activities which seek to reverse those trends. What is skin cancer? 2.3 The term skin cancer covers two groups of skin lesions: melanoma of the skin (melanoma) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Melanoma is the more serious as it can ‘metastasise’4 and lead to the spread of secondary cancers throughout the body.5 According to Melanoma Institute Australia, melanoma is the fourth most common form of cancer in 1 Mr Gordon Gregory, Executive Director, National Rural Health Alliance, Official Committee Hansard, Canberra, 25 March 2014, p. 1; Merck Sharp & Dohme (Australia) Pty Limited, Submission 32, p. 3; Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group, Submission 47.1, p. 2; Melanoma Institute Australia, Submission 58, p. 1. 2 Department of Health, Submission 12, p. 4; Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency, Submission 20, p. 2.; Cancer Council Australia and Clinical Oncology Society of Australia, Submission 26, p. 4. 3 Department of Health, Submission 12, p. 4. 4 The term metastasise refers to the spreading of these cells beyond the site of the original tumour.
    [Show full text]
  • Cancer in Australia 2019
    Cancer in Australia 2019 In 2019, the rate of new cancer cases in Australia is expected to reach 483 new cases per 100,000 people, while cancer-related deaths are expected to decrease to 159 per 100,000 people. From 1982 to 2019, thyroid cancer and liver cancer incidence rates increased more than for any other cancer. Although liver cancer survival has improved since 1982, with the increasing liver cancer incidence rate, liver cancer mortality rates also increased more than for any other cancer. aihw.gov.au Australasian Association of Cancer Registries Stronger evidence, better decisions, improved health and welfare Cancer in Australia 2019 The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare is a major national agency whose purpose is to create authoritative and accessible information and statistics that inform decisions and improve the health and welfare of all Australians. © Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2019 This product, excluding the AIHW logo, Commonwealth Coat of Arms and any material owned by a third party or protected by a trademark, has been released under a Creative Commons BY 3.0 (CC BY 3.0) licence. Excluded material owned by third parties may include, for example, design and layout, images obtained under licence from third parties and signatures. We have made all reasonable efforts to identify and label material owned by third parties. You may distribute, remix and build upon this work. However, you must attribute the AIHW as the copyright holder of the work in compliance with our attribution policy available at www.aihw.gov.au/copyright/. The full terms and conditions of this licence are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/.
    [Show full text]
  • National Service Delivery Framework for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer © Commonwealth of Australia 2008 This Work Is Copyright
    National Service Delivery Framework for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer © Commonwealth of Australia 2008 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Australian Government, available from the Attorney General’s Department. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Copyright Law Branch, Attorney General’s Department, National Circuit, Barton ACT 2601, or posted at http://www.ag.gov.au/cca. ISBN: 978 0 9805246 3 5 Australian Government (2008) through Cancer Australia in collaboration with CanTeen National Service Delivery Framework for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer This document is available at www.canceraustralia.gov.au National Service Delivery Framework for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer Foreword For all people, cancer is a significant life event and even more so for adolescent and young adults. Our young people are adapting to crucial developmental tasks of psychosocial, physical and sexual maturity. Furthermore, they are also acquiring skills needed to carry out adult roles, taking responsibility for their own life style choices with increased autonomy from parents and, developing relationships with peers and partners. To add a cancer diagnosis on top of such rapid change significantly compounds an often demanding stage. The care and support required during this time includes sensitivity, responsiveness and effective coordination of services in order to respond to the complete needs of adolescents, young adults, their partners and families. CanTeen and Cancer Australia jointly developed the National Service Delivery Framework for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer with the invaluable and substantive input from consumers, health professionals and personnel from the state, territory and Commonwealth governments, who are all committed to the delivery of best practice care.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Youth Cancer Framework
    Australian Youth Cancer Framework FOR ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS WITH CANCER Contents Acknowledgments 2 Foreword 3 Introduction 4 Cancer and Young Australians 4 Unique Needs of Young People with Cancer 4 Improving Lives of Young People with Cancer: An Evolution 7 Youth Cancer Services in Australia 8 About this Framework 9 Australian Youth Cancer Framework 10 The Framework at a Glance 10 Principle 1: Person and Family-Centred Care 16 Principle 2: Guidance by Capable, Multidisciplinary Health Teams 18 Principle 3: Coordinated and Seamless Care in an Appropriate Environment 21 Principle 4: New Research and Access to Clinical Trials 24 Principle 5: Data Driven Improvements 26 Principle 6: Collaborations and Partnerships 28 Appendices 30 Appendix 1: Optimal Cancer Care Pathway for Young People with Cancer 30 Appendix 2: Glossary of Terms 31 Appendix 3: References 34 © CanTeen Australia 2017 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from CanTeen Australia. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Youth Cancer Services – CanTeen Australia, GPO Box 3821, Sydney, NSW 2001. Suggested Reference: CanTeen Australia (2017) Australian Youth Cancer Framework for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer. This document is available at www.youthcancer.com.au Australian Youth Cancer Framework 1 Acknowledgments Foreword CanTeen worked with Cancer Australia and expert stakeholders to lead the In 2008, Cancer Australia and CanTeen published the National Service Delivery Framework development of the 2017 Australian Youth Cancer Framework for Adolescents (NSDF), helping to set the strategic direction for the establishment of specialist, and Young Adults with Cancer (the Framework), with funding support from the multidisciplinary adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer care in Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Lung Cancer a Guide for People with Cancer, Their Families and Friends
    Understanding Lung Cancer A guide for people with cancer, their families and friends Cancer information For information & support, call Understanding Lung Cancer A guide for people with cancer, their families and friends First published January 1997. This edition October 2020. © Cancer Council Australia 2020. ISBN 978 1 925651 99 7 Understanding Lung Cancer is reviewed approximately every two years. Check the publication date above to ensure this copy is up to date. Editors: Kate Murchison and Jenny Mothoneos. Designer: Julia Gee. Printer: SOS Print + Media Group. Acknowledgements This edition has been developed by Cancer Council NSW on behalf of all other state and territory Cancer Councils as part of a National Cancer Information Subcommittee initiative. We thank the reviewers of this booklet: A/Prof Nick Pavlakis, President, Australasian Lung Cancer Trials Group, President, Clinical Oncology Society of Australia, and Senior Staff Specialist, Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, NSW; Dr Naveed Alam, Thoracic Surgeon, St Vincent’s Private Hospital Melbourne, VIC; Prof Kwun Fong, Thoracic and Sleep Physician and Director, UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, and Professor of Medicine, The University of Queensland, QLD; Renae Grundy, Clinical Nurse Consultant – Lung, Royal Hobart Hospital, TAS; A/Prof Brian Le, Director, Palliative Care, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre – Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and The Royal Melbourne Hospital, and The University Of Melbourne, VIC; A/Prof Margot Lehman, Senior Radiation Oncologist and Director, Radiation Oncology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, QLD; Susana Lloyd, Consumer; Caitriona Nienaber, 13 11 20 Consultant, Cancer Council WA; Nicole Parkinson, Lung Cancer Support Nurse, Lung Foundation Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Skin Cancer Prevention Policy
    Public Health Association of Australia: Policy-at-a-glance – Skin Cancer Prevention Policy Key message: PHAA recommends - 1. A national ban on solariums be supported by relevant health bodies and key decision makers. 2. Funding continues to be allocated to implement, maintain and evaluate comprehensive skin cancer prevention and early detection programs throughout Australia. 3. Uniform national skin cancer classification and reporting processes continue to be supported in Australia, alongside nationally adopted surveillance guidelines relating to those at higher risk than the general population. Summary: Skin cancer rates in Australia are amongst the highest in the world and account for 80% of all new cancers diagnosed each year. PHAA will continue to consult with an alliance of academics, allied health professionals, relevant industry groups, interested non-government organisations and key stakeholders to work towards a national framework for Skin Cancer Health Promotion for action at Australian Government and State levels. PHAA will promote the development of a coordinated national approach to prevention and early detection of skin cancer. Audience: Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, State and Territory health portfolios, Local Government, and Cancer Council Australia. Responsibility: PHAA’s Health Promotion Special Interest Group (SIG) Date policy adopted: September 2012 Contact: 1 Skin Cancer Prevention Policy The Public Health Association of Australia (PHAA) notes that: 1. Skin Cancer in Australia: Skin cancer rates in Australia are amongst the highest in the world and account for 80% of all new cancers diagnosed each year.1 The latest available data suggest that on an annual basis, 11,057 Australians 2 will develop a melanoma and approximately 434,000 Australians will develop a non- melanoma skin cancer3 (squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma).
    [Show full text]
  • Budget Submission Cancer Council Australia
    Cancer control priorities for the 2010-11 federal budget Vital opportunities to translate Rudd Government health agenda into measurable, cost-beneficial outcomes Summary statement Healthcare costs of cancer are projected to more than double by 2032, from around $3.8 billion to more than $10 billion per annum.1,2 Cancer is fifth on the list of disease groups by expenditure in Australia, a position it is expected to maintain for the next 25 years.1 The economic impact of cancer is particularly significant, as: • Around 65% of the $3.8 billion in cancer healthcare costs is spent on hospital admissions, the largest proportion of any major disease group, with a significant taxpayer-funded component;2 • More than one third of current cancer cases and associated costs can be prevented through lifestyle changes,3 while a significant number (i.e. bowel, breast and cervical) can be prevented or treated at greatly reduced cost through improved screening;4 • Cancer has an inverse expenditure/disease burden ratio, accounting for 19% of all deaths and premature deaths (the highest of any disease group) and 7% of healthcare costs.2,3 As 65% of those costs are for inpatient services,2 greater investment in cancer prevention and early detection, as outlined in this submission, would reduce hospital costs while addressing the increasingly disproportionate human cost of cancer; • Investment in cancer prevention will produce significant gains in the control of other major disease groups with common risk factors, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and stroke;4 and • Improved cancer control will be essential to the aims and implementation of the Rudd Government’s health reform agenda, with investments from the 2010-11 budget critical to the Government’s timelines and deliverables.
    [Show full text]
  • Budget 2021-22
    Budget Measures Budget Paper No. 2 2021–22 Circulated by The Honourable Josh Frydenberg MP Treasurer of the Commonwealth of Australia and Senator the Hon Simon Birmingham Minister for Finance of the Commonwealth of Australia For the information of honourable members on the occasion of the Budget 2021-22 11 May 2021 ISSN 0728 7194 (print); 1326 4133 (online) This publication is available for your use under a Creative Commons BY Attribution 3.0 Australia licence, with the exception of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, third-party content and where otherwise stated. The full licence terms are available from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/legalcode. Use of Commonwealth of Australia material under a Creative Commons BY Attribution 3.0 Australia licence requires you to attribute the work (but not in any way that suggests that the Commonwealth of Australia endorses you or your use of the work). Commonwealth of Australia material used ‘as supplied’. Provided you have not modified or transformed Commonwealth of Australia material in any way including, for example, by changing the Commonwealth of Australia text; calculating percentage changes; graphing or charting data; or deriving new statistics from published statistics — then the Commonwealth of Australia prefers the following attribution: Source: The Commonwealth of Australia. Derivative material If you have modified or transformed Commonwealth of Australia material, or derived new material from those of the Commonwealth of Australia in any way, then the Commonwealth of Australia prefers the following attribution: Based on Commonwealth of Australia data. Use of the Coat of Arms The terms under which the Coat of Arms can be used are set out on the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet website (see www.pmc.gov.au/ government/commonwealth-coat-arms).
    [Show full text]
  • Cancer Council Australia
    2021-2022 Pre-Budget Submission Cancer Council Australia January 2021 1 Submission Summary The 2021-2022 federal budget provides an opportunity to work toward national recovery from the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. While swift, coordinated and evidence-based action from all Australian governments has spared Australian’s the deep and significant impacts seen overseas, when it comes to cancer and other chronic diseases, we are expecting a long tail from the pandemic, with delayed diagnoses and an increased burden on the health system persisting for at least several years. Cancer Council has identified five priority areas for the 2021-2022 federal budget to reduce and address the burden of cancer on the Australian community. These priorities are: • A package to reduce tobacco use • Reinforcing skin cancer prevention behaviours • Promoting participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program • Improving the provision of optimal cancer care • Reducing the financial burden of cancer Now more than ever it is important to invest across the spectrum of cancer control, with activity to prevent cancer, find more cancers earlier when treatment outcomes are better, deliver evidence-based treatment, support world class research and reduce the burden of cancer on the Australian community. Submission contact: Tanya Buchanan Chief Executive Officer, Cancer Council Australia E: [email protected] T: 02 8063 4100 Cancer Council is the peak, non-Government cancer control organisation in Australia. As the national body in a federation of eight state and territory member organisations, Cancer Council Australia works to make a lasting impact on cancer outcomes by: shaping and influencing policy and practice across the cancer control continuum; developing and disseminating evidence-based cancer information; convening and collaborating with cross sectorial stakeholders and consumers to set priorities; and speaking as a trusted voice on cancer control in Australia.
    [Show full text]