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Summary of Cancer Among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

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Summary of Cancer Among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet Summary of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet The Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet’s mission is to contribute to improvements in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health by making relevant, high quality knowledge and information easily accessible to policy makers, health service providers, program managers, clinicians and other health professionals (including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workers) and researchers. The HealthInfoNet also provides easy-to-read and summarised material for students and the general community. The HealthInfoNet achieves its mission by undertaking research into various aspects of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and disseminating the results (and other relevant knowledge and information) mainly via its website (healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au). The research involves analysis and synthesis of data and other information obtained from academic, professional, government and other sources. The HealthInfoNet’s work in knowledge exchange aims to facilitate the transfer of pure and applied research into policy and practice to address the needs of a wide range of users. Recognition statement The Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet recognises and acknowledges the sovereignty of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people as the original custodians of the country. Aboriginal and Torres Strait cultures are persistent and enduring, continuing unbroken from the past to the present, characterised by resilience and a strong sense of purpose and identity despite the undeniably negative impacts of colonisation and dispossession. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people throughout the country represent a diverse range of people, communities and groups each with unique identity, cultural practices and spiritualities. We recognise that the current health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people has been significantly impacted by past and present practices and policies. We acknowledge and pay our deepest respects to Elders past and present throughout the country. In particular, we pay our respects to the Whadjuk Nyoongar peoples of Western Australia on whose country our offices are located. Contact details Professor Neil Drew (Director) Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Edith Cowan University 2 Bradford Street Mount Lawley, Western Australia 6050 Phone: (08) 9370 6336 Email: [email protected] Website: healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au Tell us what you think We value your feedback as part of our post- publication peer review process, so please let us know if you have any suggestions for improving this Summary. ISBN 978-0-6487974-5-6 ©Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 2020 2 | Summary of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people © 2020 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Summary of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people Publication team Jane Burns Tamara Swann Publication layout Michelle Pierre Executive editor Professor Neil Drew Suggested citation Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet. (2020). Summary of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Perth, W.A. Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet. Retrieved [access date] from https://healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/cancer Further information This Summary is based on the publication: Haigh M, Burns J, Potter C, Elwell M, Hollows M, Mundy J, Taylor E, Thompson S. (2018) Review of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Australian Indigenous HealthBulletin 18(3). The summary, cancer reviews and more information about cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people can be viewed at: https://healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/learn/health-topics/ cancer. © 2020 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Summary of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people | 3 Contents Why do a Summary? .............................................................................................................................. 5 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 6 Historical, social and cultural context.................................................................................................. 6 Demographic factors ............................................................................................................................. 7 Extent of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people .............................................. 8 Combined cancers ..................................................................................................................... 8 Hospital admissions .................................................................................................................. 9 Cancer survival ........................................................................................................................ 10 Cancer deaths .......................................................................................................................... 10 Most common cancers ........................................................................................................................ 10 Lung .......................................................................................................................................... 10 Breast ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Bowel ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Prostate .................................................................................................................................... 11 Cervical ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Risk factors that contribute to cancer ................................................................................................ 12 Smoking and passive smoking ............................................................................................... 12 Alcohol consumption .............................................................................................................. 13 Nutrition, obesity and physical activity ................................................................................. 13 Infectious diseases .................................................................................................................. 13 Prevention and management ............................................................................................................. 14 Promoting healthy lifestyles ................................................................................................... 14 Health care ............................................................................................................................... 15 Barriers ..................................................................................................................................... 16 Screening programs and services ...................................................................................................... 17 BreastScreen Australia ............................................................................................................ 17 National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) ........................................................... 17 National Cervical Screening Program (NCSP) ....................................................................... 17 Participation in screening programs ...................................................................................... 18 National initiatives to improve cancer care ....................................................................................... 19 Policies and strategies ......................................................................................................................... 19 Future directions ................................................................................................................................. 20 Concluding comments ........................................................................................................................ 20 References ............................................................................................................................................ 21 4 | Summary of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people © 2020 Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet Featured artwork: Karnta by Corinne Nampijinpa Ryan Why do a Summary? This plain language and visual summary provides key information about cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia in a style that is easy to engage with and does not require our readers to have an academic or medical background. The summary provides information on the extent of cancer among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, the risk factors that contribute to cancer and strategies in place to reduce its impact on individuals and communities. This summary draws mostly on journal publications, government reports, national data collections and national surveys accessed through the HealthInfoNet’s Bibliography. Please note that statistics presented do not always include all states and territories, see sources for details. When referring to Australia’s Indigenous people, the HealthInfoNet
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