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Historical Perspectives on Apple Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Insecticidal Chemistries
Historical Perspectives on Apple Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Insecticidal Chemistries. Peter Jentsch Extension Associate Department of Entomology Cornell University's Hudson Valley Lab 3357 Rt. 9W; PO box 727 Highland, NY 12528 email: [email protected] Phone 845-691-7151 Mobile: 845-417-7465 http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/ent/faculty/jentsch/ 2 Historical Perspectives on Fruit Production: Fruit Tree Pest Management, Regulation and New Chemistries. by Peter Jentsch I. Historical Use of Pesticides in Apple Production Overview of Apple Production and Pest Management Prior to 1940 Synthetic Pesticide Development and Use II. Influences Changing the Pest Management Profile in Apple Production Chemical Residues in Early Insect Management Historical Chemical Regulation Recent Regulation Developments Changing Pest Management Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 The Science Behind The Methodology Pesticide Revisions – Requirements For New Registrations III. Resistance of Insect Pests to Insecticides Resistance Pest Management Strategies IV. Reduced Risk Chemistries: New Modes of Action and the Insecticide Treadmill Fermentation Microbial Products Bt’s, Abamectins, Spinosads Juvenile Hormone Analogs Formamidines, Juvenile Hormone Analogs And Mimics Insect Growth Regulators Azadirachtin, Thiadiazine Neonicotinyls Major Reduced Risk Materials: Carboxamides, Carboxylic Acid Esters, Granulosis Viruses, Diphenyloxazolines, Insecticidal Soaps, Benzoyl Urea Growth Regulators, Tetronic Acids, Oxadiazenes , Particle Films, Phenoxypyrazoles, Pyridazinones, Spinosads, Tetrazines , Organotins, Quinolines. 3 I Historical Use of Pesticides in Apple Production Overview of Apple Production and Pest Management Prior to 1940 The apple has a rather ominous origin. Its inception is framed in the biblical text regarding the genesis of mankind. The backdrop appears to be the turbulent setting of what many scholars believe to be present day Iraq. -
Manual for Certificate Course on Plant Protection & Pesticide Management
Manual for Certificate Course on Plant Protection & Pesticide Management (for Pesticide Dealers) For Internal circulation only & has no legal validity Compiled by NIPHM Faculty Department of Agriculture , Cooperation& Farmers Welfare Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Government of India National Institute of Plant Health Management Hyderabad-500030 TABLE OF CONTENTS Theory Practical CHAPTER Page No. class hours hours I. General Overview and Classification of Pesticides. 1. Introduction to classification based on use, 1 1 2 toxicity, chemistry 2. Insecticides 5 1 0 3. fungicides 9 1 0 4. Herbicides & Plant growth regulators 11 1 0 5. Other Pesticides (Acaricides, Nematicides & 16 1 0 rodenticides) II. Pesticide Act, Rules and Regulations 1. Introduction to Insecticide Act, 1968 and 19 1 0 Insecticide rules, 1971 2. Registration and Licensing of pesticides 23 1 0 3. Insecticide Inspector 26 2 0 4. Insecticide Analyst 30 1 4 5. Importance of packaging and labelling 35 1 0 6. Role and Responsibilities of Pesticide Dealer 37 1 0 under IA,1968 III. Pesticide Application A. Pesticide Formulation 1. Types of pesticide Formulations 39 3 8 2. Approved uses and Compatibility of pesticides 47 1 0 B. Usage Recommendation 1. Major pest and diseases of crops: identification 50 3 3 2. Principles and Strategies of Integrated Pest 80 2 1 Management & The Concept of Economic Threshold Level 3. Biological control and its Importance in Pest 93 1 2 Management C. Pesticide Application 1. Principles of Pesticide Application 117 1 0 2. Types of Sprayers and Dusters 121 1 4 3. Spray Nozzles and Their Classification 130 1 0 4. -
Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 Justin Augustine (CA Bar No. 235561) Jaclyn Lopez (CA Bar No. 258589) 2 Center for Biological Diversity 351 California Street, Suite 600 3 San Francisco, CA 94104 Tel: (415) 436-9682 4 Fax: (415) 436-9683 [email protected] 5 [email protected] 6 Collette L. Adkins Giese (MN Bar No. 035059X)* Center for Biological Diversity 8640 Coral Sea Street Northeast 7 Minneapolis, MN 55449-5600 Tel: (651) 955-3821 8 Fax: (415) 436-9683 [email protected] 9 Michael W. Graf (CA Bar No. 136172) 10 Law Offices 227 Behrens Street 11 El Cerrito, CA 94530 Tel: (510) 525-7222 12 Fax: (510) 525-1208 [email protected] 13 Attorneys for Plaintiffs Center for Biological Diversity and 14 Pesticide Action Network North America *Seeking admission pro hac vice 15 16 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 17 FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 18 SAN FRANCISCO DIVISION 19 20 CENTER FOR BIOLOGICAL ) 21 DIVERSITY, a non-profit organization; and ) Case No.__________________ PESTICIDE ACTION NETWORK ) 22 NORTH AMERICA, a non-profit ) organization; ) 23 ) Plaintiffs, ) COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY 24 ) AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF v. ) 25 ) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ) 26 AGENCY; and LISA JACKSON, ) Administrator, U.S. EPA; ) 27 ) Defendants. ) 28 _____________________________________ ) Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief 1 1 INTRODUCTION 2 1. This action challenges the failure of Defendants Environmental Protection Agency and 3 Lisa Jackson, Environmental Protection Agency Administrator, (collectively “EPA”) to consult with the 4 United States Fish and Wildlife Service (“FWS”) and National Marine Fisheries Service (“NMFS”) 5 (collectively “Service”) pursuant to Section 7(a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”), 16 U.S.C. -
Use Date Issued: September 2006 ______
United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (7505P) _______________________________________________________ Pesticide Fact Sheet Name of Chemical: Metofluthrin Reason for Issuance: New Chemical Nonfood Use Date Issued: September 2006 _______________________________________________________ Description of Chemical IUPAC name: 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)benzyl (EZ)- (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-2,2-dimethyl-3-prop-1- enylcyclopropanecarboxylate CAS name: [2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-(1-propenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate Common Name: Metofluthrin Empirical Formula: C18H20F4O3 EPA Chemical Code: 109709 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 240494-70-6 Chemical Class: Pyrethroid ester Registration Status: New Chemical, nonfood use Pesticide Type: Insecticide repellent not applied to human skin U.S.Technical Registrant : Sumitomo Chemical Company, LTD. 1330 Dillon Hghts. Ave. Baltimore, MD 21228 Use Pattern and Formulations Currently there are two end use products being proposed for metofluthrin. DeckMate ™ Mosquito Repellent Strip is an impregnated paper strip (~3,528 cm2) containing 1.82 percent metofluthrin as the active ingredient. The product also contains Bitrex ™ to discourage oral exposure to children or animals. The product is for use on patios, campsites, decks, cabanas, and other outdoor areas. One strip is applied per 10 ft × 10 ft outdoor area. Indoors the application rate is two strips per 50 m3. There are approximately 200 mg of metofluthrin initially in the strip. The strips can provide up to one week of protection Metofluthrin evaporates readily and therefore requires no external heat. Norm 1- is a personal outdoor insect repellent product consisting of a holder containing a replaceable cartridge insert coated with up to 50 mg of metofluthrin. -
LC-MS Applications for Food Safety Analysis
Application Note: 51878 Non-targeted Screening and Accurate Mass Confirmation of 510 Pesticides on the High Resolution Exactive Benchtop LC/MS Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer Allen Zhang, James S. Chang, Christine Gu, Mark Sanders, Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, CA, USA Overview Key Words As agricultural trade grows and food safety concerns • Exactive mount, stricter pesticide regulations are being enforced around the world. Increased pesticide testing and • High Mass reductions in maximum permissible residue levels have Accuracy driven demand for fast, sensitive and cost-effective • High Resolution analytical methods for high-throughput screening of multi-class pesticides in food. Detection of 510 pesticides • Orbitrap at low ppb levels was achieved within 12 minutes using Technology the Thermo Scientific Exactive benchtop LC/MS system • Pesticide Analysis powered by Orbitrap technology. The high resolving power of the Thermo Scientific Orbitrap platform enables accurate mass confirmation of all compounds, including isobaric pesticides. Accurate, robust, easy to use and cost- Pesticides in food were traditionally monitored and efficient, the Exactive™ LC/MS is ideally suited for routine, quantified using gas chromatography (GC) coupled with comprehensive screening of targeted and non-targeted either selective detectors (e.g. electron capture) or mass pesticides at or below the 0.01 mg/kg (10 ppb) default spectrometry (MS). GC/MS continues to be widely used in limit set by EU and Japanese legislation. pesticide analysis because it is highly selective, provides confirmation of multiple classes of pesticides in a single Introduction analytical run, and is relatively inexpensive and easy to operate. However, GC/MS cannot detect polar, thermally In 2007, the United States Environmental Protection unstable or low volatility compounds without derivatization. -
(2015). Cattle Ectoparasites in Great Britain. Cattle Practice, 23(2), 280-287
Foster, A. , Mitchell, S., & Wall, R. (2015). Cattle ectoparasites in Great Britain. Cattle Practice, 23(2), 280-287. https://www.bcva.org.uk/cattle-practice/documents/3770 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared via BAVC. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ CATTLE PRACTICE VOLUME 23 PART 2 Cattle ectoparasites in Great Britain Foster, A.1, Mitchell, S.2, Wall, R.3, 1School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, BS40 5DU 2Carmarthen Veterinary Investigation Centre, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Job’s Well Rd, Johnstown, Carmarthen, SA31 3EZ 3Veterinary Parasitology and Ecology Group, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, Bristol, BS8 1TQ ABSTRACT Ectoparasites are almost ubiquitous on British cattle, reflecting the success of these parasites at retaining a residual population in the national herd. Lice infestation is common and may be associated with significant disease especially in young moribund calves. The chewing louse Bovicola bovis is a particular challenge to eradicate given its limited response to various therapies and emerging evidence of reduced susceptibility to pyrethroids. Chorioptes is the most common cause of mange in cattle and given its surface feeding habits can be difficult to eradicate with current treatments. -
Chewing and Sucking Lice As Parasites of Iviammals and Birds
c.^,y ^r-^ 1 Ag84te DA Chewing and Sucking United States Lice as Parasites of Department of Agriculture IVIammals and Birds Agricultural Research Service Technical Bulletin Number 1849 July 1997 0 jc: United States Department of Agriculture Chewing and Sucking Agricultural Research Service Lice as Parasites of Technical Bulletin Number IVIammals and Birds 1849 July 1997 Manning A. Price and O.H. Graham U3DA, National Agrioultur«! Libmry NAL BIdg 10301 Baltimore Blvd Beltsvjlle, MD 20705-2351 Price (deceased) was professor of entomoiogy, Department of Ento- moiogy, Texas A&iVI University, College Station. Graham (retired) was research leader, USDA-ARS Screwworm Research Laboratory, Tuxtia Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico. ABSTRACT Price, Manning A., and O.H. Graham. 1996. Chewing This publication reports research involving pesticides. It and Sucking Lice as Parasites of Mammals and Birds. does not recommend their use or imply that the uses U.S. Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin No. discussed here have been registered. All uses of pesti- 1849, 309 pp. cides must be registered by appropriate state or Federal agencies or both before they can be recommended. In all stages of their development, about 2,500 species of chewing lice are parasites of mammals or birds. While supplies last, single copies of this publication More than 500 species of blood-sucking lice attack may be obtained at no cost from Dr. O.H. Graham, only mammals. This publication emphasizes the most USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 969, Mission, TX 78572. Copies frequently seen genera and species of these lice, of this publication may be purchased from the National including geographic distribution, life history, habitats, Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, ecology, host-parasite relationships, and economic Springfield, VA 22161. -
Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification 2019 Theinternational Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) Was Established in 1980
The WHO Recommended Classi cation of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classi cation 2019 cation Hazard of Pesticides by and Guidelines to Classi The WHO Recommended Classi The WHO Recommended Classi cation of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classi cation 2019 The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification 2019 TheInternational Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) was established in 1980. The overall objectives of the IPCS are to establish the scientific basis for assessment of the risk to human health and the environment from exposure to chemicals, through international peer review processes, as a prerequisite for the promotion of chemical safety, and to provide technical assistance in strengthening national capacities for the sound management of chemicals. This publication was developed in the IOMC context. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or stated policies of individual IOMC Participating Organizations. The Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) was established in 1995 following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development to strengthen cooperation and increase international coordination in the field of chemical safety. The Participating Organizations are: FAO, ILO, UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO, UNITAR, WHO, World Bank and OECD. The purpose of the IOMC is to promote coordination of the policies and activities pursued by the Participating Organizations, jointly or separately, to achieve the sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the environment. WHO recommended classification of pesticides by hazard and guidelines to classification, 2019 edition ISBN 978-92-4-000566-2 (electronic version) ISBN 978-92-4-000567-9 (print version) ISSN 1684-1042 © World Health Organization 2020 Some rights reserved. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0020304 A1 Tamarkin Et Al
US 20070020304A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0020304 A1 Tamarkin et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jan. 25, 2007 (54) NON-FLAMMABLE INSECTICDE on Nov. 29, 2002. Provisional application No. 60/696, COMPOSITION AND USES THEREOF 878, filed on Jul. 6, 2005. (75) Inventors: Dov Tamarkin, Maccabim (IL); Doron (30) Foreign Application Priority Data Friedman, Karmei Yosef (IL); Meir Eini, Ness Ziona (IL) Oct. 25, 2002 (IL)................................................. 1524.86 Correspondence Address: Publication Classification WILMER CUTLER PICKERING HALE AND DORR LLP (51) Int. Cl. 6O STATE STREET AOIN 25/00 (2006.01) BOSTON, MA 02109 (US) (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/405 (73) Assignee: Foamix Ltd., Rehovot (IL) (57) ABSTRACT The present invention provides a safe and effective insecti (21) Appl. No.: 11/481,596 cide composition Suitable for treating a subject infested with a parasitic anthropode or to prevent infestation by an arthro (22) Filed: Jul. 6, 2006 pod. The insecticide composition is a foamable composition, Related U.S. Application Data including a first insecticide; at least one organic carrier selected from a hydrophobic organic carrier, a polar solvent, (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 10/911,367, an emollient and mixtures thereof, at a concentration of filed on Aug. 4, 2004. about 2% to about 5%, or about 5% to about 10%; or about Continuation-in-part of application No. 10/532,618, 10% to about 20%; or about 20% to about 50% by weight; filed on Dec. 22, 2005, filed as 371 of international about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a surface-active agent; application No. -
How Pesticides Used in Livestock Farming Threaten Bees
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS AND FORMULATIONS 1 HOW PESTICIDES USED IN LIVESTOCK FARMING THREATEN BEES VETERINARY TREATMENTS, BIOCIDAL PRODUCTS & POLLINATING INSECTS A UNAF REPORT WITH THE COOPERATION OF BEELIFE EUROPEAN BEEKEEPING COORDINATION, CNTESA AND THE FRENCH FEDERATION OF PROFESSIONAL BEEKEEPERS © Jummie-Istock - UNAF © Jummie-Istock UNAF UNION NATIONALE DE L’ APICULTURE FRANÇAISE UNAF UNION NATIONALE DE L’ APICULTURE FRANÇAISE 2 Author Vincent Zaninotto École Normale Supérieure Sponsor Union nationale de l’apiculture française (UNAF) Supervision Dr. Jean-Marc Bonmatin Centre de Biophysique moléculaire, CNRS, Orléans, France Financial support National Beekeeping Techno-economic and Scientific Commission (CNTESA) Cooperation BeeLife European Beekeeping Coordination and French Federation of Professional Beekeepers (FFAP) Thanks for their review and advice Anne Furet Project Manager «Bee Environment» at UNAF Antoine Caron Scientific Advisor of UNAF Nicole Russier Beekeeper member of French federation of professional beekeepers (FFAP) Noa Simon-Delso Veterinary doctor, doctor of ecotoxicology, scientific advisor of Bee Life Translation from French to English Noa Simon-Delso and Andres Salazar (Bee Life) Published: November 2018 Report submitted by its author in March 2018 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS AND FORMULATIONS 3 SUMMARY AND REQUESTS FROM BEEKEEPERS’ ORGANISATIONS © Christel Bonnafoux - UNAF Bonnafoux © Christel UNAF UNION NATIONALE DE L’ APICULTURE FRANÇAISE UNAF UNION NATIONALE DE L’ APICULTURE FRANÇAISE 4 SUMMARY AND REQUESTS FROM BEEKEEPERS’ ORGANISATIONS RÉSUMÉ ET DEMANDES DES APICULTEURS © Christel Bonnafoux - UNAF Bonnafoux © Christel At the beginning of winter 2008-2009, beekeepers NEUROTOXIC INSECTICIDES FOR VETERINARY from Ariège (South of France) reported worrying AND BIOCIDAL USE, SOMETIMES SYSTEMIC, AND death rates in their colonies. They observed more ALWAYS HARMFUL TO BEES than 4000 dead hives and whole apiaries decimat- ed, leading to a strong suspicion of bee poisoning. -
NMP-Free Formulations of Neonicotinoids
(19) & (11) EP 2 266 400 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 29.12.2010 Bulletin 2010/52 A01N 43/40 (2006.01) A01N 43/86 (2006.01) A01N 47/40 (2006.01) A01N 51/00 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (21) Application number: 09305544.0 A01P 7/00 A01N 25/02 (22) Date of filing: 15.06.2009 (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR • Gasse, Jean-Jacques HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL 27600 Saint-Aubin-Sur-Gaillon (FR) PT RO SE SI SK TR • Duchamp, Guillaume Designated Extension States: 92230 Gennevilliers (FR) AL BA RS • Cantero, Maria 92230 Gennevilliers (FR) (71) Applicant: NUFARM 92233 Gennevelliers (FR) (74) Representative: Cabinet Plasseraud 52, rue de la Victoire 75440 Paris Cedex 09 (FR) (54) NMP-free formulations of neonicotinoids (57) The invention relates to NMP-free liquid formulation comprising at least one nicotinoid and at least one aprotic polar component selected from the group comprising the compounds of formula I, II or III below, and mixtures thereof, wherein R1 and R2 independently represent H or an alkyl group having less than 5 carbons, preferably a methyl group, and n represents an integer ranging from 0 to 5, and to their applications. EP 2 266 400 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 266 400 A1 Description Technical Field of the invention 5 [0001] The invention relates to novel liquid formulations of neonicotinoids and to their use for treating plants, for protecting plants from pests and/or for controlling pests infestation. -
Taxa Names List 6-30-21
Insects and Related Organisms Sorted by Taxa Updated 6/30/21 Order Family Scientific Name Common Name A ACARI Acaridae Acarus siro Linnaeus grain mite ACARI Acaridae Aleuroglyphus ovatus (Troupeau) brownlegged grain mite ACARI Acaridae Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin) bulb mite ACARI Acaridae Suidasia nesbitti Hughes scaly grain mite ACARI Acaridae Tyrolichus casei Oudemans cheese mite ACARI Acaridae Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) mold mite ACARI Analgidae Megninia cubitalis (Mégnin) Feather mite ACARI Argasidae Argas persicus (Oken) Fowl tick ACARI Argasidae Ornithodoros turicata (Dugès) relapsing Fever tick ACARI Argasidae Otobius megnini (Dugès) ear tick ACARI Carpoglyphidae Carpoglyphus lactis (Linnaeus) driedfruit mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex bovis Stiles cattle Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex brevis Bulanova lesser Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex canis Leydig dog Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex caprae Railliet goat Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex cati Mégnin cat Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex equi Railliet horse Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex folliculorum (Simon) Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex ovis Railliet sheep Follicle mite ACARI Demodicidae Demodex phylloides Csokor hog Follicle mite ACARI Dermanyssidae Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer) chicken mite ACARI Eriophyidae Abacarus hystrix (Nalepa) grain rust mite ACARI Eriophyidae Acalitus essigi (Hassan) redberry mite ACARI Eriophyidae Acalitus gossypii (Banks) cotton blister mite ACARI Eriophyidae Acalitus vaccinii