Scientists Brave SA's Mightiest River to Kayak from Source To
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Kai ! Garib Final IDP 2020 2021
KAI !GARIB MUNICIPALITY Integrated Development Plan 2020/2021 “Creating an economically viable and fully developed municipality, which enhances the standard of living of all the inhabitants / community of Kai !Garib through good governance, excellent service delivery and sustainable development.” June 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD.................................................................................................................1 2. IDP PLANNING PROCESS:......................................................................................2 2.1 IDP Steering Committee:...........................................................................................3 2.2 IDP Representative Forum.........................................................................................3 2.3 Process Overview: Steps & Events:.............................................................................4 2.4 Legislative Framework:…………………………………………………………………………………………...6 3. THE ORGANISATION:............................................................................................15 3.1 Institutional Development………………………………………………………………………………..... 15 3.2 The Vision & Mission:...............................................................................................16 3.3 The Values of Kai !Garib Municipality which guides daily conduct ...............................16 3.4 The functioning of the municipality............................................................................16 3.4.1 Council and council committees..............................................................................16 -
Review of Existing Infrastructure in the Orange River Catchment
Study Name: Orange River Integrated Water Resources Management Plan Report Title: Review of Existing Infrastructure in the Orange River Catchment Submitted By: WRP Consulting Engineers, Jeffares and Green, Sechaba Consulting, WCE Pty Ltd, Water Surveys Botswana (Pty) Ltd Authors: A Jeleni, H Mare Date of Issue: November 2007 Distribution: Botswana: DWA: 2 copies (Katai, Setloboko) Lesotho: Commissioner of Water: 2 copies (Ramosoeu, Nthathakane) Namibia: MAWRD: 2 copies (Amakali) South Africa: DWAF: 2 copies (Pyke, van Niekerk) GTZ: 2 copies (Vogel, Mpho) Reports: Review of Existing Infrastructure in the Orange River Catchment Review of Surface Hydrology in the Orange River Catchment Flood Management Evaluation of the Orange River Review of Groundwater Resources in the Orange River Catchment Environmental Considerations Pertaining to the Orange River Summary of Water Requirements from the Orange River Water Quality in the Orange River Demographic and Economic Activity in the four Orange Basin States Current Analytical Methods and Technical Capacity of the four Orange Basin States Institutional Structures in the four Orange Basin States Legislation and Legal Issues Surrounding the Orange River Catchment Summary Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Objective of the study ................................................................................................ -
Orange River Project
ORANGE RIVER PROJECT: OvERVIEW South Africa NAMIBIA BOTSWANA Orange-Senqu River Basin Vanderkloof Dam LESOTHO Gariep Dam LOCATION SOUTH AFRICA The Orange River Project (ORP) is the largest scheme in the Orange–Senqu River basin, and includes the two largest dams in South Africa, the Gariep and Vanderkloof. They regulate flows to the Orange River and increase assurance of supply. DESCRIPTION Gariep and Vanderkloof dams were constructed as part of the project, and have a combined storage of 8,500 million m3. The ORP includes several sub-systems. The Orange–Riet Water Scheme.* The Orange–Fish Transfer Tunnel.* The Orange–Vaal Transfer Scheme.* Bloem Water: Pipeline network between Gariep Dam and the towns of Trompsburg, Springfontein and Philippolis. Irrigation abstractions: Between Gariep Dam and downstream of Vanderkloof Dam, up to the confluence of the Vaal and Orange rivers (near the town of Marksdrift). Urban and industrial abstractions: Between Gariep Dam and Marksdrift (including Hopetown and Vanderkloof towns). Support to the Lower Orange Water Management Area Schemes: * Support to most of the demands in the Gariep Dam (© Hendrik van den Berg/Panoramio.com) Lower Orange, including irrigation, urban use and power generation. Caledon–Bloemfontein Government Water Scheme.* * Further details are given on separate pages PURPOSE The purpose of this very complex scheme is to supply demands within several sub-systems, including the Upper and Lower Orange water management areas all the way down to the Orange River mouth, and the Eastern Cape Province. These demands include irrigation, urban, industrial and environmental water requirements. Power generation is also part of the system, including at Gariep and Vanderkloof dams, which contributes to the Eskom national power grid. -
Eskom Audited Annual Results Presentation for the Year Ended 31 March 2011
Eskom Audited Annual Results Presentation for the year ended 31 March 2011 Select Committee on Labour and Public Enterprises 9 May 2012 Disclaimer This presentation does not constitute or form part of and should not be construed as, an offer to sell, or the solicitation or invitation of any offer to buy or subscribe for or underwrite or otherwise acquire, securities of Eskom Holdings Limited (“Eskom”), any holding company or any of its subsidiaries in any jurisdiction or any other person, nor an inducement to enter into any investment activity. No part of this presentation, nor the fact of its distribution, should form the basis of, or be relied on in connection with, any contract or commitment or investment decision whatsoever. This presentation does not constitute a recommendation regarding any securities of Eskom or any other person. Certain statements in this presentation regarding Eskom’s business operations may constitute “forward looking statements.” All statements other than statements of historical fact included in this presentation, including, without limitation, those regarding the financial position, business strategy, management plans and objectives for future operations of Eskom are forward looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not intended to be a guarantee of future results, but instead constitute Eskom’s current expectations based on reasonable assumptions. Forecasted financial information is based on certain material assumptions. These assumptions include, but are not limited to continued normal levels of operating performance and electricity demand in the Distribution and Transmission divisions and operational performance in the Generation and Primary Energy divisions consistent with historical levels, and incremental capacity additions through our Group Capital division at investment levels and rates of return consistent with prior experience, as well as achievements of planned productivity improvements throughout our business activities. -
Maximising Hydro-Power Generation Within a Multi-User Water Supply System
226 Hydrocomplexity: New Tools for Solving Wicked Water Problems Kovacs Colloquium, July 2010 (IAHS Publ. 338, 2010) Maximising hydro-power generation within a multi-user water supply system L. BAPELA1, B. MWAKA1, R. CAI1 & H. G. MARÉ2 1 Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa [email protected] 2 WRP Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd, South Africa INTRODUCTION In order to optimise the generation of hydro-power from Gariep and Vanderkloof dams, and to supply the other water users at the required risk levels, a system utilisation agreement was formed between the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) of the Republic of South Africa (RSA) and Eskom (the national energy supplier within the RSA). As part of the agreement between DWA and Eskom, DWA commissioned the Orange River System Annual Operating Analysis study to ensure that all the users are supplied at the required assurance and to determine the volume of water available for the generation of hydro power on an annual basis. Background Gariep and Vanderkloof dams are the two largest dams in the RSA, located in the Orange River, with gross storages of 5343 million m3 and 3187 million m3, respectively. Several water supply sub-systems, including the well known Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), are located upstream of Gariep and Vanderkloof dams. These sub-systems, some with large transfers, all have an effect on the water availability in Gariep and Vanderkloof dams, also referred to the as the Orange River Project (ORP). The total 2008 demand imposed on the ORP is in the order of 3200 million m3/year-1 and is just lower than the historic firm yield of 3 349 million m3/year-1. -
Hydro Energy Hydroelectric Power Hydro Energy
Hydro Energy Hydroelectric Power Hydro Energy • Hydroelectric power refers to the generation of electric power through the extraction of energy from moving water streams. • A large fraction of radiation reaching the Earth’s surface is absorbed by the oceans, warming them and adding water vapour to the air. Source: Unsplash.com • The water vapour condenses as rain to feed rivers in which dams can be built and hydroelectric turbines installed to extract the energy of the flowing water. • Moving water can be extremely powerful. • The kinetic energy of flowing water can be used to drive hydroelectric turbines to produce electricity. Source: pixabay.com 2 Hydroelectric Power Hydroelectric Power: Hydro Energy Converted To Electricity • Gravity makes water flow from a high to a low place. The moving water contains kinetic energy. Hydroelectric Dam • Hydroelectric power stations are able to transform the kinetic energy in moving water to electrical energy. • In a hydroelectric power station, part of a river’s flow is sent through pipes. • The water then turns the turbines, and the turbines turn the electricity generators. • The water is returned to the river further downstream. • In the conventional system, water is stored behind a dam wall. • The power station is normally situated close to the dam wall. • The water is released on demand, powering huge turbines that generate electricity. 3 Hydroelectric Power Hydroelectric Power in SA • Eskom operates hydroelectric power stations at both the Gariep Dam and the Vanderkloof Dam. • In South Africa, the most important role of these power stations is the storage of ‘electricity’ in case of unexpected demand, or in case of sudden operational disturbances at one of the power stations supplying the regular demand. -
APPENDIX a Departmental Dams Location and Dam Safety Status (3
Drainage Capacity Latitude Lat Longitude Long Long Name of dam Quaternary Lat sec Town nearest Province (1000 cub Registration date Size Class Hazard Rating Category deg min deg min sec Nr m) GARIEP DAM D34A 30 37 23.00 25 30 23.00 GARIEP FREE STATE 5342932 1/2/1987 Large High 3 VANDERKLOOF DAM D31E 29 59 31.00 24 43 54.00 VANDERKLOOF FREE STATE 3187557 1/2/1987 Large High 3 STERKFONTEIN C81E 28 23 15.00 29 1 1.00 HARRISMITH FREE STATE 2616000 1/6/1987 Large High 3 VAAL DAM C83M 26 52 57.00 28 6 58.00 DENEYSVILLE FREE STATE 2536000 1/6/1987 Large High 3 PONGOLAPOORT DAM W44E 27 25 15.00 32 4 15.00 PONGOLA KWAZULU NATAL 2445900 1/2/1987 Large High 3 BLOEMHOF DAM C91A 27 40 15.00 25 37 1.00 BLOEMHOF NORTH WEST 1269000 1/2/1987 Large High 3 THEEWATERSKLOOF DAM H60D 34 4 45.00 19 17 30.00 VILLIERSDORP WESTERN CAPE 480406 1/1/1997 Large High 3 BRANDVLEI DAM & GROTER BRANDVLEI RESERVOIR H10L 33 42 8.20 19 27 1.70 WORCESTER WESTERN CAPE 456000 12/31/1986 Medium High 3 HEYSHOPE DAM W51B 26 59 51.00 30 31 29.00 PIET RETIEF MPUMALANGA 453440 1/2/1987 Medium High 3 WOODSTOCK DAM V11E 28 45 30.00 29 14 45.00 BERGVILLE KWAZULU NATAL 373000 12/31/1986 Large High 3 LOSKOP DAM B32C 25 25 1.00 29 21 30.00 GROBLERSDAL MPUMALANGA 361000 1/2/1987 Large High 3 GROOTDRAAI DAM C11L 26 55 9.20 29 17 41.60 STANDERTON MPUMALANGA 350000 12/31/1986 Large High 3 DE HOOP DAM 24 57 26.90 29 57 24.50 STEELPOORT MPUMALANGA 347444 4/14/2014 Large High 3 GOEDERTROUW DAM W12B 28 46 22.00 31 28 7.00 ESHOWE KWAZULU NATAL 301000 12/31/1986 Large High 3 ALBERTFALLS DAM U20E -
Hydro Energy
Hydro Energy Slide Index 1 Introduction 2 Hydro Power 3 Hydro-Electric Power 4 Gariep Dam 5 Pumped Storage Plant 6 Cahora-Bassa 7 Benefits and Concerns 7, 8, 9 Three Gorges Slide 2: Hydro Power • Moving water can be extremely powerful. • The kinetic energy of flowing water can be used to drive all sorts of machinery, including electricity generators. • Surfers use the kinetic energy of waves to push them to shore. Slide 3: Hydroelectric Power • Gravity makes water flow from a high to a low place. • The moving water contains kinetic energy. • Hydroelectric power stations are able to change the kinetic energy in moving water to electrical energy. • In a hydroelectric power station part of a river’s flow is sent through pipes. • The water turns the turbines. • And the turbines turn the electricity generators. • The water is returned to the river further downstream. • In the conventional system, water is stored behind a dam wall. • The power station is normally situated close to the dam wall. • The water is released on demand to generate electricity. Slide 4: Hydroelectric Power in SA • Eskom operates hydroelectric power stations at both the Gariep Dam and the Vanderkloof Dam. • In South Africa its most important role is the storage of ‘electricity’ to meet peak demand fluctuations. • These hydroelectric plants are also referred to as peaking power stations. • In mountainous countries, hydroelectricity is an important source of energy. Slide 5: Pumped Storage Plant • A Pumped Storage Plant is the only practical way at present of storing "electricity" on a large scale. • The idea is simply to use surplus electricity – e.g. -
WMA13: Upper Orange Water Management Area
Report Number: P WMA 13/000/00/0304 DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS AND FORESTRY Directorate: National Water Resource Planning IInntteerrnnaall SSttrraatteeggiicc PPeerrssppeeccttiivvee UUppppeerr OOrraannggee WWaateterr MMaannaaggeemmeenntt AArreeaa April 2004 Compiled by: W A T E R R E S O U R C E P L A N N I N G A N D C O N S E FC071R V A T I O N WRP Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd, Reg. No. 98/16706/07 WRP_FC383 ISP’s FOR UPPER ORANGE WMA REFERENCE This report is to be referred to in bibliographies as: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, South Africa. 2004. Internal Strategic Perspective: Upper Orange Water Management Area. Prepared by PDNA, WRP Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd, WMB and Kwezi-V3 on behalf of the Directorate: National Water Resource Planning. DWAF Report No P WMA INVITATION TO COMMENT This report will be updated on a regular basis until it is eventually superseded by the Catchment Management Strategy. Water users and other stakeholders in the Upper Orange WMA and other areas are encouraged to study this report and to submit any comments they may have to the Version Controller (see box overleaf). ELECTRONIC VERSION This report is also available in electronic format as follows: DWAF website: - Intranet: http:/dwaf.gov.za/documents/ - Internet: http:/www.dwaf.gov.za/documents/ On CD which can be obtained from DWAF Map Office at: 157 Schoeman Street, Pretoria (Emanzini Building) +27 12 336 7813 MAILTO:[email protected] or from the Version Controller (see box overleaf) The CD contains the following reports (all available on -
Amended EIA Final
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PROCESS AMENDED EIA REPORT KAI GARIB CSP TOWER PLANT (PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS UPINGTON SOLAR THERMAL PLANT TWO) NORTHERN CAPE PROVINCE DEA REFERENCE NUMBER: 14/12/16/3/3/2/656 SEPTEMBER 2015 PART 1 Prepared for: Kai Garib CSP (RF) (Pty) Ltd 3 Kiepersol Close, Plattekloof Cape Town, 7550 Prepared by: First Floor, Block 2, 5 Woodlands Drive Office Park Cnr Woodlands Drive & Western Service Road, Woodmead, Gauteng P.O. Box 148, Sunninghill, 2157 Telephone : +27 (0)11 656 3237 Facsimile : +27 (0)86 684 0547 Email : [email protected] PROPOSED ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KAI GARIB CSP TOWER PLANT (PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS UPINGTON SOLAR THERMAL PLANT TWO), NORTHERN CAPE PROVINCE Amended EIA Report September 2015 PROJECT DETAILS DEA Reference Number : 14/12/16/3/3/2/656 Title : Environmental Impact Assessment Process Amended EIA Report: Construction of the Kai Garib CSP Tower Plant (previously known as Upington Solar Thermal Plant Two), Northern Cape Province Authors : Savannah Environmental (Pty) Ltd: Karen Jodas Ravisha Ajoodhapersadh Tebogo Mapinga Marianne Strobach Gabriele Wood Sub-consultants : Savannah Environmental MBL Architects (Pty) Ltd & Landscape Architect (BOLA) Hudson Ecology (Pty) Ltd Scherman Colloty & Associates Johann Lanz Tony Barbour Environmental Consulting and Research Mc Gregor Museum Geological and Palaeontological Consultants Enviro-Acoustic Research cc Client : Kai Garib CSP (RF) (Pty) Ltd (Abengoa Solar Power South Africa (Pty) Ltd) Report Status : Amended EIA Report for submission to Department of Environmental Affairs Date : September 2015 When used as a reference this report should be cited as: Savannah Environmental (2015) Amended Environmental Impact Assessment Report: Construction of the Kai Garib CSP Tower Plant (previously known as Upington Solar Thermal Plant Two), Northern Cape Province. -
Development of Reconciliation Strategies for Bulk Water Supply Systems Orange River
DEVELOPMENT OF RECONCILIATION STRATEGIES FOR BULK WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ORANGE RIVER REFERENCE This report is to be referred to in bibliographies as: Department of Water Affairs, South Africa, 2013. DEVELOPMENT OF RECONCILIATION STRATEGIES FOR LARGE BULK WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ORANGE RIVER: WATER QUALITY AND EFFLUENT RE-USE Prepared by: WRP Consulting Engineers, Aurecon, Golder Associates Africa, and Zitholele Consulting. Report No. P RSA D000/00/18312/8 LIST OF REPORTS The following reports form part of this study: Report Title Report number Inception Report P RSA D000/00/18312/1 Literature Review Report P RSA D000/00/18312/2 International obligations P RSA D000/00/18312/3 Current and future Water Requirements P RSA D000/00/18312/4 Urban Water Conservation and Water Demand Management P RSA D000/00/18312/5 Irrigation Demands and Water Conservation/Water Demand Management P RSA D000/00/18312/6 Surface Water Hydrology and System Analysis P RSA D000/00/18312/7 Water Quality and Effluent Re-use P RSA D000/00/18312/8 Review Schemes and Update Cost Estimates P RSA D000/00/18312/9 Preliminary Reconciliation Strategy Report P RSA D000/00/18312/10 Final Reconciliation Strategy Report P RSA D000/00/18312/11 Executive Summary P RSA D000/00/18312/12 Reserve Requirement Scenarios and Scheme Yield P RSA D000/00/18312/13 Preliminary Screening Options Agreed: Workshop of February 2013 P RSA D000/00/18312/14 Development of a Reconciliation Strategies for Large Water Quality and Effluent Re-use Bulk Water Supply Systems: Orange River Report DEVELOPMENT OF RECONCILIATION STRATEGIES FOR LARGE BULK WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS: ORANGE RIVER Water Quality and Effluent Re-use Report EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Department of Water Affairs (DWA) has identified the need for detailed water resource management strategies as part of their Internal Strategic Perspective (ISP) planning initiative, which recommended studies to identify and formulate intervention measures that will ensure enough water can be made available to supply the water requirements for the next three to four decades. -
Copy of Privately Owned Dams
Capacity No of dam Name of dam Town nearest Province (1000 m³) A211/40 ASH TAILINGS DAM NO.2 MODDERFONTEIN GT 80 A211/41 ASH TAILINGS DAM NO.5 MODDERFONTEIN GT 68 A211/42 KNOPJESLAAGTE DAM 3 VERWOERDBURG GT 142 A211/43 NORTH DAM KEMPTON PARK GT 245 A211/44 SOUTH DAM KEMPTON PARK GT 124 A211/45 MOOIPLAAS SLIK DAM ERASMIA PRETORIA GT 281 A211/46 OLIFANTSPRUIT-ONDERSTE DAM OLIFANTSFONTEIN GT 220 A211/47 OLIFANTSPRUIT-BOONSTE DAM OLIFANTSFONTEIN NW 450 A211/49 LEWIS VERWOERDBURG GT 69 A211/51 BRAKFONTEIN RESERVOIR CENTURION GT 423 A211/52 KLIPFONTEIN NO1 RESERVOIR KEMPTON PARK GT 199 A211/53 KLIPFONTEIN NO2 RESERVOIR KEMPTON PARK GT 259 A211/55 ZONKIZIZWE DAM JOHANNESBURG GT 150 A211/57 ESKOM CONVENTION CENTRE DAM JOHANNESBURG GT 80 A211/59 AALWYNE DAM BAPSFONTEIN GT 132 A211/60 RIETSPRUIT DAM CENTURION GT 51 A211/61 REHABILITATION DAM 1 BIRCHLEIGH NW 2857 A212/40 BRUMA LAKE DAM JOHANNESBURG GT 120 A212/54 JUKSKEI SLIMES DAM HALFWAY HOUSE GT 52 A212/55 KYNOCH KUNSMIS LTD GIPS AFVAL DAM KEMPTON PARK GT 3000 A212/56 MODDERFONTEIN FACTORY DAM NO. 1 EDENVALE GT 550 A212/57 MODDERFONTEIN FACTORY DAM NO.2 MODDERFONTEIN GT 28 A212/58 MODDERFONTEIN FACTORY DAM NO. 3 EDENVALE GT 290 A212/59 MODDERFONTEIN FACTORY DAM NO. 4 EDENVALE GT 571 A212/60 MODDERFONTEIN FACTORY DAM NO.5 MODDERFONTEIN GT 30 A212/65 DOORN RANDJIES DAM PRETORIA GT 102 A212/69 DARREN WOOD JOHANNESBURG GT 21 A212/70 ZEVENFONTEIN DAM 1 DAINFERN GT 72 A212/71 ZEVENFONTEIN DAM 2 DAIRNFERN GT 64 A212/72 ZEVENFONTEIN DAM 3 MiDRAND GT 58 A212/73 BCC DAM AT SECOND JOHANNESBURG GT 39 A212/74 DW6 LEOPARD DAM LANSERIA NW 180 A212/75 RIVERSANDS DAM DIEPSLOOT GT 62 A213/40 WEST RAND CONS.