Turkish Red Crescent

TURKISH RED CRESCENT

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDER REPORT

TURKISH RED CRESCENT

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

EXTERNAL STAKEHOLDER REPORT

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT CONTENTS 1. Introduction and Background ...... 4 1.1. Protection and Social Cohesion Program ...... 4 1.2. Socio-Economic Empowerment Program ...... 5 1.3. Health and Psychosocial Support Program ...... 5 2. Purpose of Study ...... 5 3. Scope and Method of Study ...... 6 3.1. Data Collection ...... 7 3.1.1. Focus Group Studies………………………………………………………………………...... 7 3.1.2 Individual Interviews: ...... 7 3.2. Research Limitations ...... 7 4. Significant Findings ...... 8 4.1. Issues and Possibilities for Access to Livelihoods ...... 8 4.2. Issues and Opportunities for Access to Food ...... 9 4.3. Issues and Opportunities for Access to Education ...... 10 4.4. Issues and Opportunities for Access to Health Services ...... 12 4.5. Issues and Opportunities for Protection Studies ...... 13 4.6. Social Environment Relations ...... 16 5. Expectations from the Community Center ...... 17 5.1. Expectations regarding the Access to Livelihoods ...... 17 5.2. Expectations regarding the Education and Social Cohesion ...... 17 5.3. Expectations for Partner Relations ...... 18 5.4. Access to Health Services ...... 18 5.5. Protection Studies ...... 19 5.6. Social Benefits ...... 19 5.7. Agriculture and Livestock ...... 19 5.8. Governance and Partner Relations ...... 19 5.9. Public Information Studies ...... 20 6. Interviews List ...... 20

ABBREVIATIONS CBMP : Community-Based Migration Programs AFAD: : Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency CC : Community Centers DGMM : Directorate General of Migration Management NGO : Non-Governmental Organization BAKKA : Western Black Sea Development Agency OIZ : Organized Industrial Zone ESKKK : Credit and Guarantee Cooperative for Tradesmen and Craftsmen İŞKUR : Turkish Employment Agency CCI : Chamber of Commerce and Industry KOSGEB : Small and Medium Enterprises Development Organization IHH : Foundation for Human Rights and Freedoms and Humanitarian Relief BABEP : Father Education Project CMHC : Community Mental Health Center AMATEM : Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center ÇEMATEM : Child and Adolescent Substance Addiction Treatment Center YEDAM : Green Crescent Counseling Center SASF : Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation SSC : Social Solidarity Center AÇSHM : Provincial Directorate of Family, Labor and Social Services

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

The Community Based Migration Programs 1. INTRODUCTION AND (CBMP) has a structure, regularly following BACKGROUND the changing needs of the field, develop long-term partnerships with relevant As the internal conflicts, started in Syria in 2011, turned into a big war, people living in stakeholders and strengthen existing ones Syria forced mass migrations to different and benefiting from the interdisciplinary geographies, especially neighboring countries. expertise. The main purpose of the According to the official reports, it is recorded programs is to make sustainable that approximately 3,655,525 migrants took contributions to the improvement of social refuge in Turkey, being the border neighbor resilience by strengthening the physical, of Syria, since the beginning of the war and psychological, social and economic well- conflict (DGMM, 2021). being of communities and individuals. In According to the 2020 year-end data of the order to realize this main purpose, the Directorate General of Migration Management, activities are carried out under four main 31.334 foreign nationals applied for the programs through the Community Centers. “International Protection Status” (DGMM, 2020). 1.2. PROTECTION AND SOCIAL COHESION PROGRAM Turkish Red Crescent operates in provinces, The Protection Program aims to prevent, receiving intensive external migration through mitigate or eliminate the violence, abuse the Community Centers (CC). Thanks to the and access risks, threats and results, CCs, the studies are performed under various encountered or likely to be encountered by program titles for migrants and local the vulnerable Turkish citizens or community in the region. 17 Community individuals, groups or communities who Centers actively provide service in 16 have been displaced by war and provinces (Adana, Ankara, Bursa, Gaziantep, humanitarian crisis and taken refuge in Hatay, İstanbul Avrupa Yakası, İstanbul Anadolu Yakası, İzmir, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Kayseri, Kilis, Kocaeli, Konya, Mardin, Mersin The individuals, whose protection needs are and Şanlıurfa, Zonguldak) since January, met, are both included in decision-making 2015. The 17th Community Center was mechanisms and supported for the opened in Zonguldak. A regional needs map resilience through various activities carried was prepared during the construction of out with the aim of strengthening social Zonguldak Community Center. The literature cohesion. The Social Cohesion Program aims was reviewed during the preparation stage of to improve and strengthen the cultures of this map and the meetings with various coexistence of the local people and migrants institutions were completed and focus group from different nationalities, who had to interviews were conducted on 09.02.2021 – migrate to Turkey due to compelling 09.03.2021 in order to develop the focus group profile and also identify the needs in the reasons such as civil war, conflict and region. terrorism. In this context, it includes the communication activities, volunteering activities, cultural, social and sports

Activities and hobby course for improving the culture of coexistence. The participation 2. PURPOSE OF STUDY and accountability processes are also ensured by the operation of feedback The Community Based Migration Program, mechanisms through the mechanism of within the structure of the Turkish Red advisory boards. Crescent Migration Services Directorate, which has given acceleration to its studies conducted 1.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM in the migration field with the outbreak of Syria The Socio-Economic Empowerment Program crisis, also aims to identify the needs of local aims to increase the employability of vulnerable people by expanding its study foreigners under temporary and focuses. The primary purpose is to identify the international protection as well as local problems and needs of the vulnerable groups in people and also their participation in the the regions of activity. Pursuant to the current economy to ensure their economic self- situation analysis of Zonguldak, the CBMP sufficiency. identifies, analyzes the current problems of the communities and produces sustainable 1.4 HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT solutions by performing its activities under the PROGRAM umbrella of national association and aims to The Health and Psychosocial Support increase its cooperation with public institutions. Program aims to increase the coping skills of the individuals and communities, experienced difficult situations, with similar situations by supporting their social, psychological and physical well-being. It aims to create awareness in the field of health by increasing the access of local people and migrants to psychosocial supports, protective and preventive services in the field of health.

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

The direct meetings were held with the 3. SCOPE AND METHOD OF stakeholders such as the above-mentioned institutions. Furthermore, the “focus group STUDY interviews” were conducted with citizens with Various meetings were held in order to vulnerability criteria, mainly Afghan regionally analyze the current situation in the Immigrants and Romani people. districts of Zonguldak regarding the current The structured needs assessment forms were potential that may create vulnerability used at the face-to-face interviews. In this requirement and to produce sustainable line, the structure of the focus group solutions by evaluating the communities’ interviews are as follows; problems. • Within the scope of focus group Institutions and organizations working with interviews, the interviews were vulnerable communities in the province; conducted in groups of at least three • Offices of Headman and at most eight people, adhering to • Social Service and Public Education the COVID-19 measures. Centers • While conducting face-to-face • Provincial and District Directors of interviews for different age groups, the National Education and also Principals in needs assessment forms were also certain regions used by benefiting from the • Migration Authority questionnaire technique. • Provincial and District Municipalities • Within the scope of focus group • Green Crescent Counseling Center interviews, the face-to-face interviews (GCCC) were conducted with 36 adult women • Provincial and District Directorate of and men of Turkish, Romani and Health Afghan nationality over the age of 18. • Technoparks • Face-to-face interviews were • Governorate conducted with 17young people • District Governorships between the ages of 14-17 from the • Provincial Chamber of Commerce and local community, mostly Afghan and Industry (CCI) Romani. • Union of Chamber of Merchants and • Face-to-face interviews were Craftsmen (ZESOB), conducted with 21 children between • Provincial and District Offices of İŞKUR the ages of 8-13 from the local • Non-Governmental Organizations community, mostly Afghan and • Cooperatives Romani. • Western Black Sea Development Agency • Within the scope of focus group (BAKKA) interviews, the face-to-face interviews • AFAD were conducted with 10 TRC • KOSGEB volunteers working actively in the field. • Within the scope of field needs assessment studies, the face-to-face, telephone and e-mail interviews were conducted with 38 public institutions and

organizations, non-governmental 3.1.2. Individual Interviews: organizations (NGOs) and their The individual interview is that asking a affiliated organizations in Zonguldak question to another person in order to obtain province and Karadeniz Ereğli, information. The individual interviews are used Çaycuma and Gökçebey districts. to obtain descriptive data with the participants’ own words. 3.1. DATA COLLECTION • The individual interviews were 3.1.1. Focus Group Studies: conducted with the public institutions and The focus group interviews in the region have organizations and also NGOs. In total, 40 contributed to provide information for the interviews were conducted. local community’s needs and expectations. The aim of the interviews was to understand 3.2. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS the general situation in the province as well Due to the COVID-19 measures, household as to identify the vulnerable groups and also visits and scheduled surveys could not be to assess the needs and problems of the conducted, so there were limitations in the vulnerable groups. regional current situation analysis phase. The focus groups were classified by age, Since the working hours of public gender and ethnicity. 13 focus groups, institutions were shortened during the categorized by certain characteristics, were interviewed within the scope of study. pandemic period, time limits affected the working time.

Women 11

ROMANI Men 3 CITIZENS Young 6 Children 7 Women 7

AFGHAN Men 6 MIGRANTS Young 5 Children 8 Women 4

OTHER Men 5 CITIZENS Young 6 Children 6

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

• Western Black Sea Development Agency 4. SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS (BAKKA): Supports the region through As a result of meetings with public the support mechanisms such as Social institutions and organizations and non- Development Support Program, Financial governmental organizations within the scope Support Programs, Controlled Project of field needs assessment and analysis Supports, Technical Support. studies carried out before the establishment • BAKKA organizes the applied of Zonguldak Community Center, data based entrepreneurship trainings in cooperation on different sectors were obtained. The data with KOSGEB with the aim of increasing acquired during the research and analysis the number of entrepreneur women in process, are completely based on the the province and directing the information obtained from the institutions disadvantageous groups to business life. and includes parallel findings. The entrepreneurship trainings have been provided to 436 women 4.1. ISSUES AND POSSIBILITIES FOR ACCESS TO LIVELIHOODS entrepreneur candidates since 2012. However, it is not known how many of The information on employment areas of these women started active business life. the vulnerable local community, mainly Romani people and migrant groups, • Zonguldak Chamber of Commerce and residing in Zonguldak, their basic Industry: It will concentrate its studies livelihoods, how they access to job on the following fields in the forthcoming opportunities, in which sectors there are period. The studies to be conducted in gaps and labor market were obtained these fields may lead to an increase in through the meetings with the institutions employment in the province and a and organizations in the region. In the change its direction. The goals of light of this information, the following Zonguldak Chamber of Commerce and evaluations were achieved. Industry in the forthcoming period are: o To conduct studies for Filyos Valley • Mining, being an important source of Project income for the region, is the sector o To conduct studies for strengthening the that offers the most employment industry and commerce infrastructure opportunities in the region. However, o To conduct studies for the sectoral the sector has gone downsizing in diversity recent years and the employment o To conduct studies for boosting the opportunities have decreased. tourism • Public Education Centers: Paid and free o To conduct studies for the development of vocational courses, certified vocational agriculture and livestock o To conduct studies for the development of courses for women employment and maritime and ports personal development courses for o To organize activities for strengthening supply and demands of the people in the entrepreneurship ecosystem the region are organized.

o To organize activities for increasing 4.2. ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACCESS university-industry cooperation TO FOOD o To lead the development of vocational training. The information on food support programs • It is foreseen that there will be a need for conducted by different stakeholders for the technical expert staff and qualified vulnerable local community, mainly Romani intermediate staff after the completion of people and migrant groups, residing in Filyos Port Project, the establishment of Zonguldak, were obtained through the the Greenhouse Specialized Organized meetings with the institutions and Industrial Zone (OIZ) and industrial zone organizations in the region. In the light of this projects and Çaycuma will be positioned information, the following evaluations were as a district, receiving immigration while achieved. emigration. • The Turkish Red Crescent Zonguldak Branch • The studies are conducted for training the provides in-kind and cash aid, directs the qualified staff at the apprenticeship mobile catering vehicles in case of disasters, training center by Çaycuma Credit and and provides food boxes and canned food to Guarantee Cooperative for Tradesmen those in need. and Craftsmen (ESKKK). Thus, it is aimed to meet the intermediate staff needs of • According to the criteria determined by employers. Zonguldak • Çaycuma Organized Industrial Zone • Municipality during the COVID-19 process, (OIZ); It is located in the middle of one-time cash support was provided to Zonguldak, Bartın and Karabük provinces. individuals, experienced the economic It is located close to transportation roads, victimization. 80 km from Ereğli and Karabük Iron and • Through the initiative of Zonguldak Steel Plants, and approximately 10 km Municipality, cash support is provided by from Filyos Industrial Zone and Filyos Port, which are expected to be completed reaching those in need via the Vefa Support in the near future. It is foreseen that the Groups. region will be an attraction center and • Food aid is provided to the families in need thus, it is expected that Zonguldak, being during Ramadan by Zonguldak Municipality. in a state of emigration, will become a • In-kind and cash aids are provided by the province receiving immigration again. Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation. This development will positively affect the These supports, which immigrant groups can employment movement in the region. also benefit from, consist of aids such as • It was observed that the employers shopping checks, food boxes and Bairam wanted the migrants to be employed, but allowance. the recruitments did not take place because the employers did not know the • Foundation for Human Rights and Freedoms work permit procedures and therefore did and Humanitarian Relief (IHH); the foundation not want to deal with the procedures. aiming to meet the humanitarian needs of individuals in need of assistance, provides services to the regions on fundamental issues

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

such as food, health, shelter and education. • The courses on sous chef, computer, • Turkish Charity Association; the widows, handicrafts, wood painting, hand orphans, who are not in good condition and embroidery and clothing, relief, tile the disabled individuals incapable of ceramics, instrument provided by the Public working, are determined by researches and Education Center attract the attention of applications, and they are constantly local community and foreign nationals. provided with weekly provisions, meat, • The officials of Karadeniz Ereğli Çınar Boru bread. Primary School, located in Bakırlı and Kızılca • The food aid is provided to the needy families by receiving supports from the villages, where the population is mostly budget of the Chamber of Commerce and Romani people, stated that Romani children Industry and also the affiliated companies. have problems in attending school. The different needs of these children were also 4.3. ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACCESS TO EDUCATION expressed. The information on educational programs • It was stated during the meetings at the conducted by different stakeholders for the schools that one of the biggest problems in vulnerable local community, mainly Romani the field of education and training is that the people and migrant groups, residing in number of students per classroom varies Zonguldak, were obtained through the according to schools. Since other parents do meetings with the institutions and not want to enroll their children in schools organizations in the region. In the light of this where the number of Romani children is information, the following evaluations were high, the classroom sizes vary greatly from achieved. school to school. • There are schooling activities for the local • It is understood that the peer victimization community, mainly Romani people and the by Romani children is very common and communities under Temporary and also immigrant children are largely exposed International Protection by the provincial and to this in schools. The lack of social domain district directorates of National Education. for Romani children to spend time and the exclusion problem caused by prejudices • Before the pandemic period, a 6-month leads up to the peer victimization. Turkish course was provided to the foreign nationals within the scope of the Life-long • Some of the secondary school-age children Learning Project, conducted by the Ministry. are begged by their families. • Through BABEP (Father Education Project), • It is known that working children generally the fathers were trained on their approaches work as junk dealer. The families see their to children in the evenings. children as a source of income and so the schooling rate of school-age children • Through the Public Education Centers and decreases. Green Crescent, the advisory teachers and parents were trained on addiction.

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

• Some Romani families send their children to • Afghan and Romani children and young ones their relatives in Istanbul, Adapazarı and residing in the province/district of Zonguldak, Düzce at certain times and they are forced to who are at the educational age, have a lack of steal and beg. The children keep away from information about their access to fundamental their schools and also they face numerous rights and services and also they do not have risks on the streets. sufficient information about the public • It is known that Romani children start institutions and NGOs required for guidance. working from the age of 7-8, and they work • It is observed that Afghan and Roma children in jobs requiring heavy manpower at the age and youth are exposed to exclusion, of 13-14. marginalization and stigmatization. • It was observed that Romani families do not • It was stated that there is a lack of seminars culturally give due importance to education. and courses that can be beneficial for children For this reason, the children start the and young ones to improve themselves in education period late. However, it is seen different fields and gain their self-confidence. that primary school students regularly attend • The residential addresses of Afghan and the school with the exceptions. Romani children and young ones are 30-40 • It was observed that Romani girls are not minutes away from the schools where they sent to school after they turn 12-13 for fear study, and this increases the attendance of being kidnapped, and they get engaged problems. after the age of 15 and get married with • It was determined that these children cannot parental consent between the ages of 16-17. use public transportation due to economic • The vulnerability of the Romani people in the deprivation, therefore they do not want to go society has been reacted normally and their to school. vulnerability has been ignored. Romani • Afghan and Roma children and youth come people mostly stayed out of the social from large families. For this reason, they do support mechanism. not have a suitable study spaces at home, • There is an increase in informal child labor as personal spaces where they can do their Afghan and Romani children and young ones homework and follow the course. In addition, take responsibility for earning a living for they cannot receive support from their families their families under the age of majority due for their lessons due to the low literacy level of to economic deprivation. their parents. • It was reported that Afghan and Romani • An increase was observed in the absence rate children and young ones are not able to compared to the pre-pandemic period due to exercise due diligence and sensitivity to their the lack of attendance necessity and the lessons because they economically support insufficient access of children who have to their siblings, even completely take the attend the distance education system to responsibility of the house and help their resources such as internet, tablets, computers parents in housework. and smart phones. For example; 40 of 240 students are Romani children in Karadeniz

Ereğli Kızılca Secondary School. Before as the patients with mental health problems COVID-19, 30 of 40 students attended the and their relatives, women and their children, school regularly but only 11 students have exposed to violence, and individuals who attened the school regularly during the attempt to suicide. pandemic. • The units of the Community Mental Health • It was determined that Afghan and Romani Centers (CMHC) provided training on Covid-19 children and young ones find the lessons measures to the personnel working at the difficult due to the language barrier and their Provincial Directorate of Health. friendship relations are weak during the process of learning a different language. • There are no projects as specific to the • Due to the insufficient number of Non- immigrants conducted by the Provincial Governmental Organizations in Zonguldak Directorate of Health. However, the foreigners province, the sufficient field surveys cannot also benefit from all studies offered to the local be conducted to identify disadvantaged community. groups. Therefore, the field studies cannot be • Green Crescent has been conducting studies for carried out about the child labor and addicted individuals in the province for 3 years. schooling problems, the protection decisions and injunctions cannot be issued and the • YEDAM, affiliated to the Green Crescent, has necessary legal actions cannot be initiated been working on the fight against addiction for 4.4. ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACCESS 1.5 years. Green Crescent and YEDAM work TO HEALTH SERVICES with 6 people and serve only in the Center of Zonguldak due to the capacity limitations. The meetings were held with the Provincial There are no studies for districts. Directorate of Health, which is responsible for providing the health services in the province, • There are no projects as specific to the and also with the Green Crescent and the immigrants conducted by the Green Crescent- Issues and Opportunities for Access to Health YEDAM. However, the foreigners also benefit Services in the province were discussed. The from all studies offered to the local community. findings obtained from the meetings are as • It was determined that the Romani people do follows: not encounter any difficulty in accessing the health services. • The apartments were disinfected by the municipality, and hygiene and food kits were • However, the situation for Afghans does not distributed for combating the COVID-19 progress in the same way; since their pandemic. residential address and contact numbers change frequently, there are problems in • The coordination boards were established by accessing immigrants. the Provincial Directorate of Health with the aim of implementing the health measures for individuals who need intervention, such

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

• Due to the absence of Alcohol and Substance channels, there are problems in the access of Addiction Treatment Center (AMATEM) and immigrants to health services. ÇEMATEM (Child and Adolescent Substance • Information studies on preventive health Addiction Treatment Center) in Zonguldak, the services and vaccination were conducted by outpatient services can be provided. family physicians in Ereğli. • The alcohol and substance addiction in adults 4.5. ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR and psychological problems in children are PROTECTION STUDIES observed. The addicted patients' relatives also • The identification of individuals in need of need psychosocial support. protection, education, health, accommodation, • Children are unable to attend their sessions counseling and care measures are implemented and do not come to appointments in the by the Provincial Directorate of Family, Labor and psychiatry clinic due to poor family Social Services (PDoFLSS), and the orientations communication, difficulties in confronting the are fulfilled to different institutions when problem and their tendency to refuse the necessary. problem. There are also difficulties in the • There are no projects as specific to the coordination that must be established among immigrants conducted by the PDoFLSS. However, the institutions as required by law. the foreigners also benefit from all studies • Seasonal agricultural work is common in offered to the local community. Alaplı-Ereğli region in the months of August- • In-kind and cash aids are provided for the September. Health screenings were conducted local community, mainly Romani people and by the mobile health service of the district the immigrants under Temporary and health centers and hygiene kits were International Protection by the Governorate distributed to temporary workers who were and they consist of aids such as shopping hazelnut harvesters. checks, food boxes and Bairam allowance. • In order to provide isolation for individuals shopping checks, food boxes and Bairam with COVID-19 symptoms and in need of allowance. shelter, the support is provided for their • The aid activities provided by the Governorate accommodation in the dormitory, meeting and District Governorship are coordinated by the their fundamental needs until the quarantine Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation processes are ended, and providing hygiene (SASF) and Ereğli Social Assistance and kits. Solidarity Foundation. The coordination is • In Karadeniz Ereğli Healthy Life Center, the ensured in the follow-up of social aid allowances, information and awareness-raising in-kind and cash aid supports. consultancy services regarding the COVID-19 • There are no projects as specific to the process were provided by the professional immigrants conducted by the SASF. However, staff over the phone. If deemed necessary, the foreigners also benefit from all studies the psychosocial support was provided by offered to the local community. the Provincial Directorate of Health.

• Due to the inaccessibility of legal guidance

• The service support for the schooling of immigrants conducted by Ereğli, Gökçebey and school-age children who do not attend any Çaycuma District Governorships. However, the educational institution is also provided by the foreigners also benefit from all studies offered to Governorate. the local community. • The cooperation established with public • The District Governorships carry out these institutions for necessary interventions in activities through their own SASF or social different fields in order to keep the records of service centers. foreigners with temporary protection, • The information and awareness-raising humanitarian residence, travel permit and consultancy services regarding the COVID-19 international protection status, and to process were provided by AFAD. The facilitate adaptation processes, is provided psychosocial support studies have not been under the coordination of the Provincial conducted. Directorate of Migration. • In order to provide isolation for individuals with • Individuals who were deemed to have suffered COVID-19 symptoms and in need of shelter, economic victimization according to the their fundamental needs were met by AFAD criteria determined by Zonguldak Municipality during their accommodation in the dormitory during the COVID-19 process were reached and until their quarantine processes are ended, through Vefa support groups and one-time and also the hygiene kits were provided by cash support was provided. AFAD. • Ereğli-Alaplı Social Services Center: works • In-kind and cash aids are provided for the local actively to identify disadvantaged groups in community, mainly Romani people and the need of protection and to provide education, immigrants under Temporary and International health, sheltering, counseling and care Protection, directing the mobile catering services in Ereğli. There are no projects as vehicles in case of disasters, and food and specific to the immigrants conducted by the roasting support for those in need are Ereğli Social Services Center. However, the conducted by Zonguldak Provincial/District foreigners also benefit from all studies offered Branches of the Turkish Red Crescent. to the local community. • It is foreseen that the designed Social • Ereğli, Gökçebey ve Çaycuma District Solidarity Center (SSC) project is expected to Governorships support vulnerable groups in come into operation upon the opening of their own regions by providing in-kind and cash centers, being active in order to provide aids, consultancy services, health support, and psychosocial, sociocultural, professional, vocational training courses for employment and artistic and personal development in order to also carry out activities to encourage children to ensure social cohesion in places where the go to school and take preventive and restrictive population is mostly Romani people. measures in this regard. • The Afghan immigrant live mainly in the • There are no projects as specific to the province. Other immigrants are respectively;

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

• It is necessary to provide support for both • Afghanistan (IP status), the identity application process and the • Iraq (IP status), writing of objection petitions, applying to the • Syria (TP status), court and following the process for these

• Turkmenistan (Residence (Rank permit-regular migration), individuals. There is a need for studies on • Iran legal information and legal support for

• Azerbaijan immigrant individuals. At present, there is

Immigrants in the By Population) Province no active NGO working on these issues in the province. • International Protection;1.837 people • In general, many of the individuals with

• Temporary Protection; 677 international protection status come to people Zonguldak, where they are registered, only at

Residence permit; 1.615 people Status Official • certain times for the obligation to sign, • Humanitarian residence; 4 (2of because they have found jobs in other them are Afghan and one is

Populationby provinces. Kirgiz) (TUİK,2020). • Migrants are mostly employed informally, • The total number of immigrants under exposed to labor exploitation and the fear of international protection and Syrians under deportation because of informal employment temporary protection is approximately prevents them from accessing their rights. 3,000. People placed in the province under • The worker market is established for day labor international protection mostly demand to in front of the headmen's offices. Due to the move their records to another province due downsizing of previously active mines, the to unemployment. employment opportunities have started to • While there are mostly Afghan nationals in become more limited. This has led to a Zonguldak province/district, the immigrants reduction in permanent job opportunities for from Iran and Iraq are also in the majority. vulnerable groups. The identity problems of individuals from • During the pandemic process the rates of other nationalities under international domestic violence and child labor, delinquent protection are at the forefront. There is no children, alcohol and substance addiction NGO/law office that provides free support in increased, and the rate of schooling decreased. advocacy to people who have lost their For this reason, a coordination board was status. established by the Governorate within the scope of providing on-site preventive and • Since many Afghan families have fled their protective services in case of emergency. country, they face difficulties in proving their PDoFLSS, HLC, Provincial Directorate of Health, status in their country. Provincial Directorate of Migration and Police • The Afghan families, who came illegally, have Department. applied for international protection. The identity applications are usually negative as a result of

interviews conducted by the Migration Authority.

4.6. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT RELATIONS As a result of the focus group interviews, the following findings were obtained under the title of relations with the social environment. • Romani people stated that they face problems such as exclusion, social isolation and inability to find a job because of their Romani identity and that they are bullied by their neighbors. They stated that they are neglected because they are Romani people and they do not have equal rights with the rest of the community. • In the focus group interviews with Afghan immigrants, it was observed that they had difficulties in finding a job due to the language barrier. They stated that they have no problem in their relations with the local community and that the local community adapt them.

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

• Due to the legislation, İŞKUR cannot receive 5. EXPECTATIONS FROM THE job-seeking requests from foreigners in Zonguldak. Therefore, the job orientation COMMUNITY CENTER cannot be fulfilled. Zonguldak Provincial/District Branches of the • Through the Technopark, the projects on Turkish Red Crescent conduct studies for the digital cooperation, mobile applications, web vulnerable groups in coordination with the public design, software training should be carried institutions, headmen’s offices and NGOs in the out throughout the province and the socio- province. economic development of individuals should The need to act in coordination and in be ensured and different resources should be cooperation with public institutions and NGOs created to improve their livelihoods with the carrying out their activities in Zonguldak and to entrepreneurship supports. conduct studies for strengthening the • The presence of sectors such as textile and beneficiaries, fits for the establishment purposes furniture in Çaycuma district is an important of the community centers. As a result of the opportunity for employment. Employment of meetings held with the institutions and immigrants can be increased by providing organizations and focus group interviews, the support to the employers who want to employ emerging expectations regarding the function of foreign personnel such as work permit the community center are as follows. consultancy services and payment of fees. 5.1. EXPECTATIONS REGARDING THE 5.2. EXPECTATIONS REGARDING THE ACCESS TO LIVELIHOODS EDUCATION AND SOCIAL COHESION • By acting as an intermediary between the • The Romani people are psychosocially and portfolio of job seekers and business owners socioeconomically vulnerable as they are seeking workers, it should be ensured that exposed to marginalization and social beneficiaries are directed to work and it should exclusion. It would be beneficial to provide be aimed to increase employment. protection, socioeconomic empowerment • It is recommended to support the foreigners, and psychosocial support to the Romani who are employee or employer, in informing people. them about work permits and applying for work • The common activities should be organized permit and to increase incentives at this point. for the Romani people by İŞKUR, Public • It was observed that the employers wanted the Education Center and Turkish Red Crescent migrants to be employed, but the recruitments and the vocational courses and trainings did not take place because the employers did not should be opened to improve their personal know the work permit procedures and therefore and social skills. did not want to deal with the procedures. In case • It is recommended to carry out supportive that the work permit consultancy services are activities to strengthen the communication provided by the Community Center, the among the local people, Afghans and employment of immigrants in insured jobs will Romani people and to increase the cohesion increase. processes.

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

• The different ethnic groups live in the region. Turkish, so they do not want to go to school. It It is recommended to carry out studies that would be beneficial to provide facilitating support the culture of coexistence with people exercises in order to overcome the Turkish from different nationalities and ethnic groups. language barrier. The psychosocial support The social inclusion activities should be group studies are recommended for these offered, especially in terms of combating children. prejudices against children and young people. • Although the schools in Bakırlık Village were • The family counseling, psychologist opened, it was determined by school principals interviews, and institutional directing support that Romani children were absent. The studies should be provided for children and parents, will be made by the Ereğli District experiencing or exposed to peer victimization. Governorship, the Headman's Office and the It was determined that the local children School Principal to bring the children to school. under the age of 14 and young ones between • The trainings on subjects such as migration, the ages of 14-17 do not have problems with immigrants, CC functioning should be organized their peers, but they have communication at the Community Mental Health Centers for problems with children of different the personnel, working at the Provincial nationalities. It will be beneficial to provide Directorate of Health. cultural activities such as arts, sports and • The vocational courses based on production, travel etc. for strengthening communication involving women and young ones, should be with their peers. given in Gökçebey district. 5.3. EXPECTATIONS FOR PARTNER RELATIONS • The vocational courses and awareness seminars • On-the-job trainings that we conduct within the should be given to eliminate the problem of scope of the socioeconomic empowerment qualified, educated and skilled personnel and program should be organized. the lack of technical expert staff in Çaycuma • The attendance to education can be supported district. with EBA support classes established in the • In cooperation with the relevant public community center for the students who have to institutions and non-governmental continue distance education during the COVID- organizations, it was determined that there is a 19 period but do not have tablet, internet or need for vocational courses in the fields of phone access. lathe, CNC, welding metal, electric-electronics • There were problems in accessing the and furniture. It is recommended that opening education system due to COVID-19. For courses in this field would be beneficial. students who have difficulties in accessing 5.4. ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES education, the study opportunities can be • In order to ensure that the individuals residing in provided at the Community Center on certain the region become conscious about health days of the week through volunteer measures during the COVID-19 period, the educators. informative health seminars on official health • It was determined that some children have services and individual measures to be taken difficulties in speaking and understanding against COVID-19 should be organized. 22

• There is a significant gap in the field due to support should be provided for the disaster the lack of institutions providing support for victims. the supply of medical supplies and devices 5.6. SOCIAL BENEFITS and consultancy for the execution of legal processes for the demands of individuals • The rental support can be provided to those, with health problems. The Community experiencing economic poverty or the Center will fill this significant gap in the cooperation can be carried out in this regard. province. • Manual or electric-powered wheelchair support can be provided for disabled individuals, • All individuals, affecting COVID-19 should be controlled and tracked through the depending on their needs. The medicines of filiation/contact and isolation tracing system individuals who cannot buy their medicines (FITAS) conducted by the Headmen’s should be supplied. Office. 5.7. AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK • Due to the absence of AMATEM and • It is recommended that livestock can be done ÇEMATEM in Zonguldak, outpatient services in Çaycuma district, water buffalo breeding and are provided only on a provincial basis. The water buffalo yogurt are famous and this sector lack of addiction centers limits the access to can be supported. service. At the same time, the patient • It was observed that the local community is relatives also need serious psychosocial actively engaged in agriculture, set support. greenhouses in the gardens of the households • It is also recommended to provide trainings and do greenhouse cultivation. It is thought on family planning or women, attending the that providing incentives for the agriculture in vocational courses in Gökçebey district. the garden, balcony can be a role model in the 5.5. PROTECTION STUDIES development of the region. • In order to reduce the difficulties, they • It was determined that it would be beneficial to experience in accessing fundamental rights and establish a chicken farm within the scope of services, the information, guidance and legal agriculture and livestock activities for Gökçebey seminars on children's rights should be district and also to organize vegetable and fruit organized and they should be supported growing courses (especially persimmon tree psychosocially. growing). • The legal sanction processes cannot be completed because the field surveys regarding the problem of child labor and schooling are not carried out, the notifications are not provided for situations at the protection risk, and the injunctions cannot be issued. • It was determined that the psychosocial

ZONGULDAK COMMUNITY CENTER FIELD NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

5.8. GOVERNANCE AND PARTNER RELATIONS • It was determined that foreign nationals cannot benefit from the services of public institutions due to the language barrier and the institutions do not have an interpreter. It is recommended to support institutions with Persian and Arabic interpreters in order to avoid difficulties in accessing services. • Due to the fact that the residential addresses and contact numbers belonging to most of the immigrants are not up-to- date, the provincial directorate of health has difficulties in accessing foreigners. It should be cooperated with the Provincial Migration Management during the studies on this problem. • The coordination board was established by the Governorate in case of emergency. • It was observed that there is not any tracking system for the residence time of foreign nationals in the region, any information is not provided to the Headmen’s Office and for this reason there is no information on their settlement and relocation status. A joint study should be conducted for keeping up-to-date their residential address and contact information at regular intervals.

5.9. PUBLIC INFORMATION STUDIES • The informative activities regarding the services provided by the institution should be conducted in writing or verbally in villages, quarters, coffee houses and schools during the period of COVID-19. • The promotional activities should be organized in order to reach the target group in the district where the training programs are organized. 6. INTERVIEWS LIST

“Focus group interviews” were conducted with Afghan/Romani people and 09-10-11.02.2021 other beneficiaries (women, men, young ones and children). 12.02.2021 Headmen’s Offices of Mithat Paşa and Çınar Tepe Quarters 15.02.2021 Zonguldak Family, Labor and Social Services Center / Social Service and Public Education Centers 16.02.2021 Provincial Directorate of Migration/ Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation Provincial Directorate of National Education, Zonguldak Municipality, Green 18.02.2021 Crescent Counseling Center (YEDAM) 19.02.2021 Provincial Directorate of Health and Technopark Zonguldak Governorate, Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Union of Chamber 22.02.2021 of Merchants and Craftsmen, Headmen’s Office of İncivez Quarter Headmen’s Office of Meşrutiyet Quarter. 23.02.2021 KOSGEB, Headmen’s Office of Baştarla and Terakki Quarters Ereğli District Governorship, Ereğli Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation, 24.02.2021 Ereğli- Alaplı Social Service Center, Ereğli District Directorate of National Education, Ereğli Public Education Center, Ereğli District Directorate of İŞKUR and Headmen’s Office of Bakırlı Village 26.02.2021 AFAD Gökçebey District Governorship, Gökçebey Social Assistance and Solidarity 01.03.2021 Foundation a n d Gökçebey Public Education Center 03.03.2021 Çaycuma Social Service Center, Çaycuma District Governorship and Çaycuma OSB Çaycuma Public Education Center and Çaycuma Credit and Guarantee 05.03.2021 Cooperative for Tradesmen and Craftsmen Karadeniz Ereğli Çınar Boru Primary School and Ereğli Kızılca Secondary School, 09.03.2021 located in Bakırlı and Kızılca villages of Ereğli Distrcit where the Romani people reside.