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Evaluación Genética, Química Y Farmacológica De Mimusops Coriácea TÍTULO Y SUBTÍTULO: (ADC) Miq

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Evaluación Genética, Química Y Farmacológica De Mimusops Coriácea TÍTULO Y SUBTÍTULO: (ADC) Miq UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUÍMICAS CARRERA EN QUÍMICA Y FARMACIA TRABAJO DE TITULACIÓN PRESENTADO COMO REQUISITO PREVIO PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE QUÍMICO Y FARMACÉUTICO. MODALIDAD: INVESTIGACIÓN TEMA: Evaluación genética, química y farmacológica de Mimusops coriácea (ADC) Miq. AUTORES: Loor Moreira Emanuel Sebastián Rendón Plúas Lady Liliana TUTOR: Q.F. Katherine Bustamante Pesantes Mg. GUAYAQUIL - ECUADOR 2019 – 2020 CI i i FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUÍMICAS CARRERA QUÍMICA Y FARMACIA UNIDAD DE TITULACIÓN i FICHA DE REGISTRO DE TESIS/TRABAJO DE GRADUACIÓN Evaluación genética, química y farmacológica de Mimusops coriácea TÍTULO Y SUBTÍTULO: (ADC) Miq. AUTOR (ES) Loor Moreira Emanuel Sebastián (Apellidos/Nombres): Rendón Plúas Lady Liliana DOCENTE TUTOR Y TUTOR: Katherine Elizabeth Bustamante Pesantes DOCENTE REVISOR REVISOR: Alexandra Jenny López Barrera (Apellidos/Nombres): INSTITUCIÓN: UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL UNIDAD/FACULTAD: CIENCIAS QUÍMICAS MAESTRÍA/ESPECIALIDAD: GRADO OBTENIDO: QUÍMICO Y FARMACÉUTICO FECHA DE PUBLICACIÓN: Sept/2019 No. DE PÁGINAS: 89 ÁREAS TEMÁTICAS: Ciencia y Tecnología Farmacéutica PALABRAS CLAVES/ KEYWORDS: genotipo, taxonomía, extractos, hojas, corteza, fruto. RESUMEN/ABSTRACT (150-250 palabras): La familia Sapotácea, perteneci ente a las fanerógamas contempla decenas de géneros entre los que destaca Mimusops con varias especies identificadas por su genotipo. Se caracterizaron genéticamente las hojas, y los frutos fueron sometidos a est udio químico y farmacológico junto a la corteza por métodos FRAP, DPPH, (ABTS●+). Se determinó la es pecie genéticamente logrando clasificar su taxonomía como Mimusops coriácea ADC Miq. con asertividad en u n 99%, se mostró mediante tablas la composición química de corteza, pulpa y semilla del fruto en sus dos e stados de maduración por extractos hexánicos e hidroalcohólicos sometidos a cromatografía de gases acopla do a masas (GC-MS), destacando principalmente compuestos triterpenicas y ácidos grasos, a su vez, la acti vidad farmacológica se analizó partiendo de la maceración de hojas y corteza obteniendo extractos que most raron alta acción antioxidante frente a los estándares utilizados. Se definieron marcadas diferencias de abund ancia en la composición química de corteza, pulpa y semilla en estado verde y maduro. ADJUNTO PDF: X SI NO Teléfono: E-mail: CONTACTO CON AUTOR/ES: 0997529241 [email protected] 0967205761 [email protected] Nombre: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUÍMICAS CONTACTO CON LA Teléfono: (04) 2293680 INSTITUCIÓN: E-mail: : www.fcq.ug.edu.ec xii AGRADECIMIENTO Emanuel Sebastián Loor Moreira Primero a Dios por ser mi guía y haberme ayudado durante estos años de estudios, el sacrifico fue grande, pero Él me dio la fuerza necesaria para continuar y así poder cumplir este gran sueño. A Padre Alberto Ferri por su intercesión ante Jesús en quien puse toda mi confianza para que me ayude a terminar con satisfacción mi carrera universitaria y así poder cumplir la meta de ser un profesional. A mis padres Amada y Wilfrido por el apoyo incondicional dentro de mi vida estudiantil por no soltarme y permitir demostrar mis capacidades a pesar de las adversidades que se presentaron en el camino. A mis abuelitos Pablo y Rosita que ya no me acompañan, pero sé que desde el cielo ven como, perseguí y logré la meta propuesta como ellos tanto querían. A mis tíos Mercedes y Benito que me acogieron como un hijo más y brindarme un hogar para poder estudiar. A mis tíos Betty e Ítalo que me brindaron su apoyo incondicional y sus consejos en esta meta propuesta. Mis amigas Helen y Daniela que muchas veces me brindaron un lugar donde dormir cuando el tiempo lo ameritaba, no me soltaron siempre me apoyaron e hicieron más corta y amena la vida dentro de las aulas. De Manera Especial a mi tutora y amiga Katherine Bustamante por su ayuda incondicional en este proceso de elaboración de tesis y demostrarme que con esfuerzo y dedicación se puede llegar lejos. A mí estimada Dra. Migdalia Miranda por las enseñanzas, siempre profesional en su labor docente; su dedicación y esfuerzo complementaron de gran manera nuestro trabajo. Por toda la consideración a la Dra. María Fernanda Vélez, mi madre putativa, siempre buscando verme surgir como un gran profesional. A mí Amiga, compañera y confidente de tesis Lady Rendón, gracias por soportar mis retrasos y enojos durante este proceso duro lleno de muchas anécdotas que algún dia recordaremos. ¨Siempre que sea posible, un chico debería elegir una ocupación que haría incluso si no necesitase el dinero¨ William Lyon Phelps. xiii AGRADECIMIENTO Lady Liliana Rendón Plúas Agradezco principalmente a Dios por bendecirme día a día en la vida y guiarme a lo largo de mi vida universitaria, ser el apoyo e inspirador, dándome fuerzas para culminar el proceso estudiantil. A mis padres Jorge Rendón y Joisy Plúas por ser el pilar fundamental, que con esfuerzo y apoyo me ayudaron a culminar mi carrera universitaria pese a los inconvenientes que se presentaron en el trayecto de la carrera. A mis hermanas Shirley, Rosaura y Scarleth que me ayudaron en todo momento para lograr mis objetivos propuestos y pueda terminar mis estudios universitarios. Así mismo agradezco a mi tutora, la Dra. Katherine Bustamante ya que sin ella no hubiera sido posible la elaboración y culminación de la tesis, quien con paciencia nos guio con sus conocimientos y nos brindó una mano amiga en todo momento. De igual forma, a la Dra. Migdalia Miranda, colaboradora durante este proceso, quien gracias a sus consejos, direcciones, conocimientos y correcciones colaboro en el desarrollo de este trabajo. A los profesores que me han visto crecer como persona y me han trasmitido todos sus conocimientos profesionales. A mis amigo(a)s, quienes a lo largo de la carrera universitaria me apoyaron cuando más lo necesitaba, dándome la mano en los momentos difíciles y por las experiencias compartidas en el transcurso de los años. Finalmente agradecerle a mi amigo y compañero de tesis Emanuel Loor por el tiempo compartido del cual salieron muchas anécdotas y por aguantar mis cambios de humor, apoyándonos mutuamente en todo momento. “La motivación es lo que te pone en marcha, el hábito es lo que hace que sigas”. Jim Ryun. xiv ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDO RESUMEN .................................................................................................................. xx ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... xxi INTRODUCCIÓN .......................................................................................................... 1 CAPÍTULO I. PROBLEMA ........................................................................................... 3 I.1 Planteamiento del problema ................................................................................. 3 I.2 Problema ................................................................................................................ 3 I.3 Justificación e importancia ................................................................................... 3 I.4 Hipótesis ................................................................................................................ 4 I.5 Objetivos ................................................................................................................ 4 I.5.1 Objetivo general .................................................................................................. 4 I.5.2 Objetivos específicos ......................................................................................... 4 I.6 Operacionalización de las Variables .................................................................... 5 CAPÍTULO II. MARCO TEÓRICO ................................................................................ 6 II.1 Familia Sapotácea ................................................................................................. 6 II.1.1 Género Mimusops .............................................................................................. 6 II.1.1.1 Distribución Geográfica.................................................................................. 7 II.1.1.2 Hábitat .............................................................................................................. 7 II.1.1.3 Composición Química .................................................................................... 7 II.1.1.4 Actividad farmacológica ................................................................................. 8 II.1.2 Mimusops elengi, Generalidades. ..................................................................... 9 II.1.2.1 Características macroscópicas de Mimusops elengi. ................................ 10 II.1.3 Mimusops coriácea (ADC) Miq. ....................................................................... 13 II.2 Antecedentes sobre el género ........................................................................... 13 CAPÍTULO III. MARCO METODOLÓGICO ................................................................ 17 III.1 Tipo de investigación ........................................................................................ 17 III.2 Caracterización genética de la especie ............................................................ 17 III.3 Cuantificación de componentes fenólicos en hojas y corteza ....................... 18 III.3.1 Cuantificación de flavonoides totales ........................................................... 19 III.3.2 Análisis Estadístico .......................................................................................
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