DOCSLIB.ORG

(Mortgagee) Takes His Justice; And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Mortgagee) Takes His Justice; And [ 380 ] WAGER. VX7"ADSET, is a right whereby lands are impignorated or pledged for security of a certain sum. Scotch Diet. Similar to the English Mortgage, see that title. Wadset proper, is when the Wadsetter (mortgagee) takes his hazard of the rents of the land, for satisfaction of his annual rent, and pays himself all public burdens. Scotch Diet. Wadset improper, is when the grantor of the Wadset (the mortgagor) pays the public burdens, the Wadsetter having his annual rents seemed. Scotch Diet. Wadsetter, is he to whom a Wadset is granted. Scotch Diet. (the Mortgagee.) WTAFTO RS, Waftores.] Conductors of vessels at sea. King Edw. IV. constituted certain officers with naval power, whom he stiled Custodes, Conductors; and Waftores, to guard our fishing vessels on the coasts oiJ\orfolk and Suffolk. Pat. 22 Ed. 4. WAGE, Vadiare, from Fr. Gage.] The giving of security for per formance of any thing; as to wage or gage deliverance, to wage law, <Stc. Co. Litt. 294. See Wager of Law. WAGER OF BATTLE; See title Battel. WAGER OF LAW. Vadiatio LegisA So called, because the defendant puts in sureties, vadios, that at such a day he will make his Law, that is, take the benefit which the Law has allowed him. 3 Comm. c. 22: 1 Inst. 295. This takes place where an action of debt is brought against a man upon a simple contract between the parties, without deed or record: and the defendant swears in court in the presence of eleven com purgators, that he oweth the plaintiff nothing, in manner and form as he hath declared: The reason of this waging of Law is, because the defendant might have paid the plaintiff his debt in private, or be fore witnesses who may be all dead, and therefore the law allows him to wage his law in his discharge; and his oath shall rather be accept ed to discharge himself, than the law will suffer him to be charged uoon the bare allegation of the plaintiff. 2 Inst. 45. Wager of Law is used in actions of debt without specialty; and also in action of detinue, for goods or chattels lent or left with the defendant, who may swear on a book, that he detaineth not the goods in manner as the plaintiff has declared, and his compurgators, (who must, in all cases, as it seems now, be eleven in number,) swear that they believe his oath to be true. 3 Gomm. c. 22. The manner of waging law is thus: He that is to do it, must bring his compurgators with him into court, and stand at the end of the bar towards the right hand of the chief justice; and the secondary asks him, whether he will wage his law? If he answers that he will, the judge admonisheth him to be well advised, and tells him the dan ger of taking a false oath: and if he still persists, the secondary says, " and he that wages his law repeats after him: Hear this, ye Jus- WAGER. 381 tices, That I A. B. do not owe to C. D. the sum of, Isfc. nor any pen ny thereof, in manner and form as the said C. D. hath declared against me: So help me God." Though, before he takes the oath, the plain tiff is called by the crier thrice; and if he do not appear he becomes and his non-suited, then the defendant goes quit without taking oath; and if he appear, and the defendant swears that he owes the plain tiff nothing, and the compurgators do give it upon oath that they believe he swears true, the plaintiff is barred for ever; for when a person has waged his law, it is as much as if a verdict has passed against the plaintiff: If the plaintiff do not appear to hear the defend ant perform his law, so that he is non-suit, he is not barred, but may bring anew action. 1 Inst. 155: 2 Lil. Abr. 674. In an action of debt on a by-law, the defendant waged his law; a day being given on the roll for him to come and make his law, he was set at the right corner of the bar, and the secondary asked him, if he was ready to wage his law; who answering that he was, he laid his hand on the book, and then the plaintiff was called: Then the judges admonished him and his compurgators not to swear rashly; and thereupon he made oath, that he did not owe the money modo et forma as the plaintiff had declared; and then his compurgators, who were standing behind him, were called, and each of them laying his right hand upon the book, made oath that they believed what the de fendant had sworn was true. 2 Vent. 171: 2 Salk. 682. The defendant cannot wage his law in any action, but personal actions, where the cause is secret: and wager of law has been denied on hearing the case, and the defendant been advised to plead to issue, isfc. 2 Lil. 675, 676. Executors and administrators, when charged for the debt of the deceased, shall not be admitted to wage their law: For no man can, with a sate conscience, wage law of another man's contract; that is, swear that he never entered into it, or at least that he privately dis charged it. Finch L. 424. The King also has his prerogative; for, as all wager of law imports a reflection on the plaintiff for dishonesty, therefore there shall be no such wager on actions brought by him. Finch L. 425. And this prerogative extends and is communicated to debtor and accomptant; for, on a writ of quo minus in the exchequer for a debt on simple contract, the defendant is not allowed to wage his law. 1 Inst. 295. In short, the wager of law was never permitted, but where the defendant bore a fair and irreproachable character; and it also was confined to such cases where a debt might be supposed to be dis charged, or satisfaction made in private, without any witnesses to attest it: And many other prudential restrictions accompanied this indulgence. But at length it was considered, that (even under all its restrictions) it threw too great a temptation in the way of indigent or profligate men; and therefore by degrees new remedies were de vised, and new forms of actions were introduced, wherein no defend ant is at liberty to wage his law. So that now no plaintiff need at all apprehend any danger from the hardness of his debtor's conscience, unless he voluntarily chooses to rely on his adversary's veracity, by bringing an obsolete, instead of a modern, action. Therefore one shall hardly hear at present of an action of debt brought upon a simple contract; that being supplied by an action of trespass on the case for the breach of a promise or assumpsit; wherein, though the specific 382 WAIFS. debt cannot be recovered, yet damages may, equivalent to the specilic debt: And this being an action of trespass no law can be waged therein. So, instead of an action of detinue to recover the very thing detained, an action of trespass on the case in trover and conversion is usually brought; wherein, though the horse or other specific chattel cannot be had, yet the defendant shall pay damages for the conver sion, equal to the value of the chattel; and for this trespass also no wager of law is allowed. In the room of actions of account, a bill in equity is usually filed; wherein, though the defendant answers upon his oath, yet such oath is not conclusive to the plaintiff; but he may prove every article by other evidence, in contradiction to what the defendant has sworn. So that Wager of Law is quite out of use, being- avoided by the mode of bringing the action: but still it is not out of force. And therefore, when a new statute inflicts a penalty, and gives an action of debt for recovering it, it is usual to add, " in which no wager of law shall be allowed;" otherwise an hardy delinquent might escape any penalty of the law, by swearing he had never incurred, or else had discharged it. See 3 Comm. c. 22; where many particulars as to this obsolete species of trial by the oath of a defendant and his compurgators are detailed. WAGERING POLICIES; See title Insurance. WAGERS. By stat. 7 Ann. c. 17. all Wagers laid upon a contin gency relating to the then war with France, and all securities, isfc. therefore vvere declared to be void; and persons concerned were to forfeit double the sums laid. In general, a Wager may be considered as legal, if it be not an incitement to a breach of the peace, or to immorality; or if it do not affect the feelings or interest of a third person, or expose him to ridi cule; or if it be not against sound policy. Cowfl. 729. 2 Term Rep. 610. 616: 3 Term Refi. 697: where the principal cases on this point are very fully considered. See also 5 Term Refi. 405: 7 T. R. 535: S T. R. 575: 2 Bos. isf Pul. 130. 467. and this Diet, title Gaming. No action will lie on a Wager respecting the mode of playing an illegal game; and if such a cause be set down for trial, the judge at Nisi Prius is justified in ordering it to be struck out of the paper.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gothia and Romania 1
    GOTHIA AND ROMANIA 1 BY J. M. WALLACE-HADRILL, M.A. PROFESSOR OF MEDIEVAL HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER N his more relaxed moments, the Visigothic chieftain Athaulf I used to say that he had had the idea to obliterate the " nomen Romanum " and to substitute a Gothic state, with himself as its Caesar Augustus; which was as much as to say " ut vulgariter loquar " in Orosius' words that Gothia should succeed Romania. However, long experience had taught him that his Goths were too barbarous ever to live under law; and since, without law, you cannot have a state, he had decided to leave things as they were and to support the *' nomen Romanum " with Gothic arms.2 What I would like to do is to see, in the light of this curious jest, whether any of Athaulf's successors as kings of Toulouse came within measurable distance of taking seriously that Gothia which Athaulf abandoned; for, like many jests, it had something behind it. It is easy to connect Athaulf's decision in favour of Romania with his marriage with Galla Placidia,3 though Orosius does not put the matter quite in this way. He merely says that she helped him " ad omnia bonarum ordinationum opera persuasu et consilio temperatus "; at most, helped him to see what long experience of his own people's limitations already pointed to. 1 A lecture delivered in the Library series of public lectures. I wish to thank Professor E. A. Thompson, Professor R. E. Keller and Dr. Arnold Ehrhardt for help in its preparation, and friends in Oxford for stimulating me to think again about what I had written.
    [Show full text]
  • The Signs of the Times, Vol. 12 (1886)
    The Signs of the Times, Vol. 12 (1886) January 7, 1886 "The Ostrogoths and the Visigoths" The Signs of the Times 12, 1 , p. 4. THE peace which Constantine forced upon the Gothic nation in A.D. 331, continued for a period of thirty years. For the proper understanding of the further progress of our subject, it now becomes necessary to clearly define the distinction that existed between the two great divisions of the Gothic nation–the Ostro [Eastern] Goths, and the Visi [Western] Goths. As a matter of act this distinction existed from the earliest times of which we have any knowledge of the nation. "The Ostro and Visi, the eastern and western Goths, obtained those denominations from their original seats in Scandinavia. In all their future marches and settlements they preserved, with their names, the same relative situation."–Dec. and Fall, chap. 10, par. 8, note. Although this distinction was ever observed amongst them as a people, yet in all their wanderings and in all their expeditions, from the time they left the Baltic till the period of which we now treat, A.D. 361,–they were united and acted as one people. Now, however, we shall find them separated, and with the exception of a short interval, never more united. During the thirty years' peace with the Empire (A.D. 331-361), and under Hermanric, the last king of the united nation, the Gothic power was spread from the River Danube and the Black Sea to the Baltic. Of this we read:– "During a peaceful interval of thirty years, the Romans secured their frontiers, and the Goths extended their dominions.
    [Show full text]
  • Trust and Fiduciary Duty in the Early Common Law
    TRUST AND FIDUCIARY DUTY IN THE EARLY COMMON LAW DAVID J. SEIPP∗ INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1011 I. RIGOR OF THE COMMON LAW ........................................................... 1012 II. THE MEDIEVAL USE .......................................................................... 1014 III. ENFORCEMENT OF USES OUTSIDE THE COMMON LAW ..................... 1016 IV. ATTENTION TO USES IN THE COMMON LAW ..................................... 1018 V. COMMON LAW JUDGES AND LAWYERS IN CHANCERY ...................... 1022 VI. FINDING TRUST IN THE EARLY COMMON LAW ................................. 1024 VII. THE ATTACK ON USES ....................................................................... 1028 VIII. FINDING FIDUCIARY DUTIES IN THE EARLY COMMON LAW ............. 1034 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................. 1036 INTRODUCTION Trust is an expectation that others will act in one’s own interest. Trust also has a specialized meaning in Anglo-American law, denoting an arrangement by which land or other property is managed by one party, a trustee, on behalf of another party, a beneficiary.1 Fiduciary duties are duties enforced by law and imposed on persons in certain relationships requiring them to act entirely in the interest of another, a beneficiary, and not in their own interest.2 This Essay is about the role that trust and fiduciary duty played in our legal system five centuries ago and more.
    [Show full text]
  • Fairies, Kingship, and the British Past in Walter Map's De Nugis Curialium and Sir Orfeo
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Fairies, Kingship, and the British Past in Walter Map's De Nugis Curialium and Sir Orfeo Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8zh4b6x4 Author Schwieterman, Patrick Joseph Publication Date 2010 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Fairies, Kingship, and the British Past in Walter Map’s De Nugis Curialium and Sir Orfeo by Patrick Joseph Schwieterman A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Maura Nolan, Chair Professor Jennifer Miller Professor John Lindow Fall 2010 Fairies, Kingship, and the British Past in Walter Map’s De Nugis Curialium and Sir Orfeo © 2010 by Patrick Joseph Schwieterman Abstract Fairies, Kingship, and the British Past in Walter Map’s De Nugis Curialium and Sir Orfeo by Patrick Joseph Schwieterman Doctor of Philosophy in English University of California, Berkeley Professor Maura Nolan, Chair My dissertation focuses on two fairy narratives from medieval Britain: the tale of Herla in Walter Map’s twelfth-century De Nugis Curialium, and the early fourteenth-century romance Sir Orfeo. I contend that in both texts, fairies become intimately associated with conceptions of the ancient British past, and, more narrowly, with the idea of a specifically insular kingship that seeks its legitimization within that past. In Chapter One, I argue that Map’s longer version of the Herla narrative is his own synthesis of traditional materials, intended to highlight the continuity of a notion of British kingship that includes the pygmy king, Herla and Henry II.
    [Show full text]
  • Magna Carta Commemoration Essays [1917]
    The Online Library of Liberty A Project Of Liberty Fund, Inc. Henry Elliot Malden, Magna Carta Commemoration Essays [1917] The Online Library Of Liberty This E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private, non-profit, educational foundation established in 1960 to encourage study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. 2010 was the 50th anniversary year of the founding of Liberty Fund. It is part of the Online Library of Liberty web site http://oll.libertyfund.org, which was established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. To find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, to see other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF), or to make use of the hundreds of essays, educational aids, and study guides, please visit the OLL web site. This title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over 1,000 books and quotes about liberty and power, and is available free of charge upon request. The cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element in all Liberty Fund books and web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi), or “liberty.” It is taken from a clay document written about 2300 B.C. in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash, in present day Iraq. To find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project, please contact the Director at [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • The Britons in Late Antiquity: Power, Identity And
    THE BRITONS IN LATE ANTIQUITY: POWER, IDENTITY AND ETHNICITY EDWIN R. HUSTWIT Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Bangor University 2014 Summary This study focuses on the creation of both British ethnic or ‘national’ identity and Brittonic regional/dynastic identities in the Roman and early medieval periods. It is divided into two interrelated sections which deal with a broad range of textual and archaeological evidence. Its starting point is an examination of Roman views of the inhabitants of the island of Britain and how ethnographic images were created in order to define the population of Britain as 1 barbarians who required the civilising influence of imperial conquest. The discussion here seeks to elucidate, as far as possible, the extent to which the Britons were incorporated into the provincial framework and subsequently ordered and defined themselves as an imperial people. This first section culminates with discussion of Gildas’s De Excidio Britanniae. It seeks to illuminate how Gildas attempted to create a new identity for his contemporaries which, though to a certain extent based on the foundations of Roman-period Britishness, situated his gens uniquely amongst the peoples of late antique Europe as God’s familia. The second section of the thesis examines the creation of regional and dynastic identities and the emergence of kingship amongst the Britons in the late and immediately post-Roman periods. It is largely concerned to show how interaction with the Roman state played a key role in the creation of early kingships in northern and western Britain. The argument stresses that while there were claims of continuity in group identities in the late antique period, the socio-political units which emerged in the fifth and sixth centuries were new entities.
    [Show full text]
  • The Common Law: an Account of Its Reception in the United States
    Vanderbilt Law Review Volume 4 Issue 4 Issue 4 - June 1951 Article 3 6-1951 The Common Law: An Account of its Reception in the United States Ford W. Hall Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr Part of the Common Law Commons, and the Courts Commons Recommended Citation Ford W. Hall, The Common Law: An Account of its Reception in the United States, 4 Vanderbilt Law Review 791 (1951) Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol4/iss4/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vanderbilt Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE COMMON LAW: AN ACCOUNT OF ITS RECEPTION IN THE UNITED STATES FORD W. HALL* "The common law of England is not to be taken, in all respects, to be that of America. Our ancestors brought with them its general principles, and claimed it as their birth- right; but they brought with them and adopted only that portion which was applicable to their situation." Story, J., in Van Ness v. Pacard, 2 Pet. 137, 144, 7 L. Ed. 374 (1829). The story of the extent to which the common law of England has been received and applied in the United States, is one of the most interesting and important chapters in American legal history. However, many courts and writers have shown a tendency simply to say that our colonial forefathers brought the common law of England with them, and there has often been little or no inclination to look further into the question.
    [Show full text]
  • Commentaries on American Law, Vol. 4 (1830)
    COMMENTARIES ON AMERICAN LAW BOOK 4 (1830) JAMES KENT Based on the first edition Footnotes have been converted to chapter end notes. Spelling has been modernized. This electronic edition © Copyright 2006 Lonang Institute www.lonang.com Table of Contents PART 6 (con’t.) - Of the Law Concerning Real Property: Lect. 53: Of Estates In Fee................................................... 2 Lect. 54: Of Estates for Life.................................................. 14 Lect. 55: Of Estates for Years, at Will, or at Sufferance ............................ 46 Lect. 56: Of Estates upon Condition ............................................ 64 Lect. 57: Of the Law of Mortgage ............................................. 71 Lect. 58: Of Estates in Remainder ............................................. 103 Lect. 59: Of Executory Devises ............................................... 137 Lect. 60: Of Uses and Trusts ................................................. 150 Lect. 61: Of Powers ........................................................ 162 Lect. 62: Of Estates in Reversion.............................................. 181 Lect. 63: Of a Joint Interest in Land............................................ 183 Lect. 64: Of Title by Descent ................................................. 191 Lect. 65: Of Title by Escheat, by Forfeiture, and by Execution ....................... 215 Lect. 66: Of Title by Deed ................................................... 222 Lect. 67: Of Title by Will or Devise ...........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2013 Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E. Thomas Christopher Lawrence [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Lawrence, Thomas Christopher, "Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2013. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1751 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Thomas Christopher Lawrence entitled "Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Michael E. Kulikowski, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Christine Shepardson, Maura Lafferty, Thomas Burman Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise of the Burwells
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1959 The Rise of the Burwells John L. Blair College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Blair, John L., "The Rise of the Burwells" (1959). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539624513. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-2e74-qc60 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. tm rise of tm wmmm A thesis Present** to fh* Futility of tfi# Dep&tmni of History th* College of Willis* and Mary Xn Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts fey John t. Biair 1959 APPROVAL $H8tf This thesis is mfo«£&$*& in. partial fulfillment #1 ths rs^itiiMnii# ffcf th* 6*gr«o of Master of Arts "Q 9 ^ t i ^ < > y Aotfcor A$p*ots4i fgagios Ifpryjsii'' ftffith liMiiU MiJi'H» wrJKWWiOSSSSj^^ n nw*w mm Richard is* Morton, Fh*0 TABLE OF COHlSSfS Fags Preface......... V Chapter X The Early Years .................. 1 Chapter IX Expansion and Consolidation * * * # . • , • . 14 Chapter III Tha Third 6anaratlon . ................... 40 Susmary •••••••< 76 Bibliography . ♦ . ........... 80 little olf ,f6oti#,, PRErACB the Btirvell* aaong the loafers ©I colonial Virginia !«r orer * century* for n m # years they tut in tha house of Burgas*** an© upon the Council* they serte© ©a mwvtrout special eeawiCteeSt which in note cases were form*! ■for specific purposes avsh as to *i© in eh* renewal if the coital l ^ s Jattstowa to WlUiaashurg or to help in eh* astabHabnsnt; of * school of higher learning.
    [Show full text]
  • On Foederati, Hospitalitas, and the Settlement of the Goths in A.D
    ON FOEDERATI, HOSPITALITAS, AND THE SETTLEMENT OF THE GOTHS IN A.D. 418 This study sets out to re-examine the key concepts of foederati (foedus) and hospitalitas (hospitium) with a view to gaining a fresh in- sight into the procedure of settlement or accommodation of barbarians by the Roman government during the fifth century. Particular atten- tion is given to the establishment of the Visigothic kingdom on Roman territory in 418, this emphasis being justified by the fact that, as the first such barbarian settlement, it provided a test case and a precedent. Such re-examination may be thought timely in view of the recent work of W. Goffart1 who has challenged the theories of E. T. Gaupp2 and F. Lot,3 which effectively held the field from 1844 until 1980. Two key words have been repeatedly used in conjunction with the attitude of the Roman government to barbarian settlements, foederati (and foedus) and hospitalitas (and hospitium). The Goths, for example, were imperial federates who were settled by the Roman government accord- ing to the rules of military hospitalitas. Upon re-examination, however, neither concept provides full understanding of the nature of the agree- ments between the imperial government and the barbarian nations dur- ing the fifth century, above all, of the permanent division and occupa- tion of Roman territory and a tax exemption status. First, there is the question of the applicability of the term foederati to the Visigoths. A standard theory of late Roman history is that the Goths, like all the later barbarians and many others before them, were bound to the Empire by a foedus which made them allies of the Roman empire.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Rome to 565 A. D. by Arthur Edward Romilly Boak
    The Project Gutenberg EBook of A History of Rome to 565 A. D. by Arthur Edward Romilly Boak This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: A History of Rome to 565 A. D. Author: Arthur Edward Romilly Boak Release Date: May 31, 2010 [Ebook 32624] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HISTORY OF ROME TO 565 A. D.*** A HISTORY OF ROME TO 565 A. D. BY ARTHUR E. R. BOAK, Ph. D., Professor of Ancient History in the University of Michigan v New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1921 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT, 1921. By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Set up and electrotyped. Published December, 1921. vii PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA [v] PREFACE This sketch of the History of Rome to 565 A. D. is primarily intended to meet the needs of introductory college courses in Roman History. However, it is hoped that it may also prove of service as a handbook for students of Roman life and literature in general. It is with the latter in mind that I have added the bibliographical note. Naturally, within the brief limits of such a text, it was impossible to defend the point of view adopted on disputed points or to take notice of divergent opinions. Therefore, to show the great debt which I owe to the work of others, and to provide those interested in particular problems with some guide to more detailed study, I have given a list of selected references, which express, I believe, the prevailing views of modern scholarship upon the various phases of Roman History.
    [Show full text]