DNB Group Annual Report 2012 B
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How Selection Mechanisms in Financial Institutions Contribute to Regional Path Development
How selection mechanisms in financial institutions contribute to regional path development Martin Gjelsvik Research Manager/Professor II IRIS/University of Stavanger, Norway E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This paper addresses an issue absent in most studies on regional economic development, the role of financial institutions. The study concentrates on how the financial institutions select which firms and projects to fund, and how the selection mechanisms enable or constrain development trajectories in their respective regions. The study is guided by an evolutionary perspective on regional economic development, invoking the concept of path dependency. In that context, financial institutions may contribute to path extension, path renewal, path transplantation or path creation. The paper is based on a study of financial institutions in four Norwegian regions, and offers micro-level insights on what is selected to form the four respective path developments. We find that banks primarily support path extensions and to some degree path renewal. Venture capital has turned into private equity funds and has become more risk averse. They contribute primarily to restructuring of existing industries. Seed capital to fund start-ups is scarce, and has become even scarcer after the financial crisis. 1 Introduction Financial institutions are obviously a vital element in the regional innovation ecology. However, they are mostly absent in accounts of regional innovation systems. When financial institutions are dealt with in this context, the focus is generally confined to the role of venture capital. Surprisingly, the role of banks in regional development are left out. This paper addresses this gap by discussing the role of a differentiated set of financial institutions, including banks, venture capital, seed capital and wealthy individuals. -
Country Profile, Norway
Update April 2009 COUNTRY PROFILE, NORWAY Introduction and Country Background 2 Banking Environment 4 Financial Authorities 6 Legal & Regulatory Issues 8 Market Dominant Banks 11 Clearing Systems 14 Payments & Collections Methods & Instruments 16 Electronic Banking 19 Cash Pooling Solutions 21 Tax Issues 23 Source and Contacts 28 Page 1 of 28 Country profile, Norway Introduction and Country Background Norway’s rugged Key Facts coastline facing the North Atlantic sea Capital - Major Cities Oslo – Bergen, Trondheim, Stavanger stretches over 2,500 Area 324,220 km2 km Population 4.799 million (01-2009 estimate) Languages Norwegian Currency NOK (Norwegian Kroner) Telephone Code +47 National/ Bank 2009 — 1 Jan; 9-10, 13 Apr; 1, 17, 21 May; 1 Jun; 25- Holidays 26 Dec Bank Hours Generally from 8:15–15:30 Mon-Fri* Business Hours 10.00–17.00 Mon–Fri, to 19.00 Thu, 9:00–14.00 Sat Stock Exchange Oslo Børs (Oslo Stock Exchange) Leading Share Index OSEBX Overall Share Index OSEAX There is usually a designated day during the week when business hours are ex- tended. However, this day varies from bank to bank. Measured by per cap- Economic Performance ita GDP, Norway is among the wealthiest 2005 2006 2007 2008 countries in the Exchange Rate – NOK/EUR1 8.00 8.05 8.0153 8.2194 world, supported in Exchange Rate – NOK/USD1 6.4450 6.4180 5.8600 5.6361 large part by its ex- Money Market Rate (%)1 2.15 3.02 4.79 6.01 ploitation of oil and Consumer Inflation (%)2 1.6 2.3 0.8 3.2 gas reserves Unemployment Rate (%)3 4.6 3.4 2.5 2.5 GDP (NOK billions)4 1,946 1,995 -
Norway's Financial System
2021 NORWAY’S FINANCIAL SYSTEM AN OVERVIEW Key figures – Norway’s financial system GDP Government Pension Cash in Loans from financial institutions (gross domestic product) Fund Global (GPFG) circulation to private individuals, businesses and local governments 3 413bn 10 914bn 41bn 5 828bn GDP (mainland) 3 043bn Total domestic bonds Oslo Børs market Bank Average daily turnover in outstanding capitalisation deposits the foreign exchange market 2 439bn 2 778bn 2 930bn 257bn Number of Total assets of Card transactions Debt-to-GDP banks insurance companies per capita per annum ratio 134 1 982bn 456 229% Norway’s financial system Norges Bank Address: Bankplassen 2 Postal address: P.O. Box 1179 Sentrum, 0107 Oslo Telephone: +47 22316000 Telefax: +47 22413105 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.norges-bank.no ISSN 2535-4078 (online) Contents PREFACE AND READER’S GUIDE 7 THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM 8 The primary tasks of the financial system 9 Providing consumers and businesses with borrowing and saving opportunities 9 Providing payment services 11 Risk management 12 Box: What is money? 12 Supervision and regulation of the financial system 13 Box: Risks in the financial system 14 International cooperation 15 1 FINANCIAL MARKETS 17 1.1 Money markets 17 1.1.1 Money market participants 18 Box: Turnover in securities: exchange-traded and OTC 18 Box: Liquidity 19 1.1.2 Unsecured money market instruments 20 1.1.3 Short-term paper and Treasury bills 20 Box: Norges Bank’s liquidity management and overnight lending rate 21 1.1.4 Secured money -
2 Millioner I Gave Fra Sparebankstiftelsen DNB NOR Til Oppgradering Og Tilrettelegging for Aktivitet for Barn På Krisesentrene
2 millioner i gave fra Sparebankstiftelsen DNB NOR til oppgradering og tilrettelegging for aktivitet for barn på krisesentrene Sparebankstiftelsen DNB NOR har etter søknad fra Krisesentersekretariatet innvilget 2 millioner kroner til krisesentrene på Østlandet. Gaven skal brukes til å oppgradere og tilrettelegge for barn og unge som bor eller er i kontakt med et krisesenter. Til tross for tiltak, forskning og flere rettigheter bor det hvert år mellom 1600 og 2000 barn ved norske krisesentre. Alderssammensettingen blant barna har stort sett vært stabil over tid. Omtrent halvparten av barna er under 5 år, mens en av tre er i alderen seks til tolv år. I 2011 var 13 % av barna mellom 13 til 17 år. Til sammen overnattet barna 61 095 døgn på et krisesenter dette året. Nasjonale statistikker viser at krisesentrene har ulike fasiliteter rettet mot barn og ungdom. I 2011 rapporterer 21 av de 48 krisesentrene at de har ungdomsrom, 25 hadde aktivitetsrom og 40 har lekerom for de mindre barna. Mange av de ansatte ved krisesentrene forteller at rommene som er tilrettelagt for barn og unge er lite funksjonelle, nedslitt og dårlig sikret, eller om utearealer som trengs å forbedres. Alle disse utfordringene i forhold til gode aktivitetstilbud for barn og unge har vært vanskelig for flere av krisesentrene å oppgradere grunnet stram økonomi. Dette til tross for at krisesentrene blir finansiert med offentlig støtte. Krisesentrene er derfor svært glad for nå å kunne gi et bedre aktivitetstilbud til barn ved hjelp av midlene fra Sparebankstiftelsen DNB NOR. Studier viser at betydningen av lek og aktiviteter for barn som bor på krisesentrene, kan gjennomarbeide vanskelige erfaringer, og at lek og aktiviteter har en selvhelbredende funksjon. -
Nordea Annual Report 2000
Annual Report 2000 Nordea is the leading financial services group in the Nordic and Baltic Sea region and operates through six business areas: Retail Banking, Corporate and Institutional Banking, Asset Management, Investment Banking, Life Insurance and Pensions and General Insurance. The Nordea Group has nearly 10 million customers, 1,260 bank branches and 125 insurance service centres in 22 countries. The Nordea Group is a world leader in Internet banking, with more than 2.2 million e-customers. The Nordea share is listed in Stockholm, Helsinki and Copenhagen. Contents Nordea 2000 in brief ...................................... 1 Legal structure................................................ 81 The Nordea statement................................... 3 Corporate governance ................................... 82 Summary of important events ...................... 4 Board of Directors .......................................... 84 Key financial figures ...................................... 5 Group Management ...................................... 86 Letters to the shareholders ........................... 6 Financial structure.......................................... 88 The Nordea share........................................... 12 Real estate....................................................... 90 Risk management .......................................... 92 Economic development in the Economic capital ............................................ 104 Nordic region ................................................. 16 Business environment................................... -
Annual Report 2001
Annual Report 2001 Contents Corporate statement 4 Highlights of 2001 6 Letter to shareholders 10 The Nordea share 14 Business overview and market position 20 Strategy for leadership and growth 22 Financial targets 24 Second wave of integration 26 Information technology 28 Organisational and management principles 29 The Nordea brand 30 Economic development and business environment 32 Results by business area 34 Retail Banking 36 Corporate and Institutional Banking 46 Asset Management & Life 54 General Insurance 62 Group Treasury 66 Ratings 69 Planning and performance 70 Risk management and asset quality 74 Care for the environment and good citizenship 88 Human resources 92 Financial structure 94 Operational income statement 96 Comments to operational income statement 98 Financial statements 100 3-year overview 132 Quarterly overview 133 Board of Directors 134 Group Executive Management 137 Business organisation 138 Legal structure 140 Notice of the Annual General Meeting 143 In this Annual Report ”Nordea” means Nordea AB (publ), the Nordea Group or the business operations of the Nordea Group. The significance in individual cases is shown by the context. Nordea Bank Norge ASA and Nordea Bank Danmark A/S are also referred to as "Nordea Bank Norway" and "Nordea Bank Denmark" respectively. The Nordea Group is also referred to as ”the Group”. The legal structure of the Nordea Group is presented on page 140. Nordea in short Nordea is the leading financial services group in the Nordic and Baltic Sea region and operates through four business areas: Retail Banking, Corporate and Institutional Banking, Asset Management & Life and General Insurance. The Nordea Group has nearly 11 million customers, 1,245 bank branches and 125 insurance service centres in 22 countries. -
HELE ENEBAKK • Landbruket I Kommunen Har Flere Perioder I Kommunestyret
Kommunestyrekandidater 1 KRISTIAN SOLBERG 5 NILS-PETTER WIIK 48 år, og jobber for barne- og ungdoms- Brenner for: 69 år, pensjonist og bor i Ytre. Leder av klima- Brenner for: organisasjoner som daglig leder i • gode oppvekstvilkår for innbyggere i og miljøutvalget. Konfliktmekler og dommer • å bevare Enebakk som en effektiv paraplyorganisasjonen Akershus Barne- og alle aldre, gjennom gode barnehage- i forliksråd. Har vært med en periode som og selvstendig kommune. Ungdomsråd. Bor nå i Kirkebygda igjen etter og skoletilbud, trygge veier, boliger politiker. • klima og miljøtiltak som har 11 år på Flateby. Jeg har sittet 5 perioder i for alle livsfaser, og godt omsorgs- effekt, aktivt landbruk og aktiv kommunestyret, og er varaordfører i dag. Jeg sitter i styret i Driv IL og Filadelfiakirken tilbud for alle delene av kommunen. Enebakk, og har ledererfaring fra Forsvaret, rovdyrforvaltning. Bruker også fritid på musikk og å drifte • at Enebakk fortsetter som selvstendig kultur, personal, rådmann og KS Akershus/ • videreutvikling av samhandling Bøndernes Hus gjennom Bøndernes Hus kommune Østfold. mellom Enebakk kommune og Venner, som jeg har vært med å stifte. • utvikling arbeidsplasser innenfor frivilligheten. reiseliv, natur og kultur ANDREA SKRETTING STURLA KAASA SR. 2 Brenner for: 6 Brenner for: 24 år og kommer fra Oslo. Flyttet til Enebakk 70 år, pensjonist, og kommer fra Oslo, men • at det legges til rette for at det for snart 7 år siden og angrer ikke på det! har bodd i Ytre Enebakk siden 1984. Jeg har • nærings- og boligutvikling bygges egnede boenheter for eldre Bor på gård i Dalefjerdingen, og er snart en periode i politikken som fast møtende vara • trygge og gode veier og funksjonshemmede i alle deler av ferdig utdannet vernepleier. -
Annual Report 2005 Dnb NOR Groupdnb NOR 2005
Annual report 2005 DnB NOR Group 2005 NORDnB Group www.dnbnor.com • Frits Thaulow, A Winterday, 1890 • The works of art featured in the annual report are The annual report has been produced by DnB NOR Shareholders registered as owners in DnB NOR ASA part of DnB NOR’s collection. This is one of Norway’s Corporate Communications, Group Financal Report- with the Norwegian Central Securities Depository largest private art collections, consisting of over ing and DnB NOR Graphic Centre. (VPS) can now receive annual reports electronically 10 000 works of art dating back from the end of the Design: Marit Høyland, Graphic Centre instead of by regular mail. For more information, 1800s to the present day. The works of art are on Photos: Stig B. Fiksdal and Anne-Line Bakken please contact your VPS registrar or go directly to display in DnB NOR’s offices in Norway and abroad, Print: Grafix AS www.vps.no/erapport.html. where they can be enjoyed by employees, customers and other visitors. 2005 in brief 4 Key fi gures and fi nancial calendar 5 From the desk of the CEO 6 What DnB NOR aspires to be 8 Directors’ report 10 Corporate governance 28 Risk and capital management 32 Stakeholders • Shareholders Contents • Customers 50 • Employees 52 • Society and the environment 5 Business areas 58 Staff and support units 76 Annual accounts 79 Auditor’s and Control Committee’s reports 158 Special articles • Pension reform 160 • Stability in the Norwegian economy 162 Contact information 164 Governing bodies 166 The Group’s annual report has been approved by the Board of Directors in the original Norwegian version. -
The Norwegian Banks in the Nordic Consortia: a Case of International Strategic Alliances in Banking 1
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics Financial The Norwegian Banks in the Nordic Institutions Consortia: A Case of International Center Strategic Alliances in Banking by Siv Fagerland Jacobsen Adrian E. Tschoegl 97-39 THE WHARTON FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS CENTER The Wharton Financial Institutions Center provides a multi-disciplinary research approach to the problems and opportunities facing the financial services industry in its search for competitive excellence. The Center's research focuses on the issues related to managing risk at the firm level as well as ways to improve productivity and performance. The Center fosters the development of a community of faculty, visiting scholars and Ph.D. candidates whose research interests complement and support the mission of the Center. The Center works closely with industry executives and practitioners to ensure that its research is informed by the operating realities and competitive demands facing industry participants as they pursue competitive excellence. Copies of the working papers summarized here are available from the Center. If you would like to learn more about the Center or become a member of our research community, please let us know of your interest. Anthony M. Santomero Director The Working Paper Series is made possible by a generous grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation The Norwegian Banks in the Nordic Consortia: A Case of International Strategic Alliances in Banking 1 August 1997 Release 1.05 (Not released yet) Comments are welcome. Abstract: Despite the scholarly interest in joint ventures and strategic alliances, the consortium bank movement represents an under-researched phase in post-war banking history. -
Sparebankstiftelsen DNB NOR Årsrapport
Sparebankstiftelsen DNB NOR Årsrapport Forside: Nær 70 fjellrockentusiaster brukte en langhelg i sommerferien til å arbeide dugnad for Vinjerock på Eidsbugarden i Jotunheimen i 2011. Arrangementet som gikk under navnet Krafsefestivalen, samlet frivillige fra hele landet. Vinjerock har fått bidrag til utbedring av festivalområdet av Sparebankstiftelsen DNB NOR. Januar 2011 Juni 2011 • Representanter for kulturlivet og frivil- • Telemark Museum får en samling av lighets-Norge inviteres til idémyldring porselen laget på Porsgrunn Porselens- for det som skal bli Oslos nye kulturhus i fabrikk på 1800-tallet i gave. Øvre Slottsgate 3. • Den nye utescenen på Akershus festning, • Raftostiftelsen, som hvert år deler ut som stiftelsen har bidratt til, blir Raftoprisen til menneskerettighets- høytidelig åpnet av daværende forsvars- forkjempere, åpner sitt nye undervisn- minister Grete Faremo og Oslos ingstilbud, Rettighetstanken. Sparebank- ordfører Fabian Stang. stiftelsen DNB NOR har bidratt med 1,4 millioner kroner. Juli 2011 • Festivalen Valdres Sommersymfoni Februar 2011 arrangeres, denne gang med nytt • Det kommer inn 1.690 gavesøknader konsertflygel. innen fristen 15. februar. Prioriterte • Nær 70 fjellrockentusiaster bruker en områder for 2011 er: Kulturminner og langhelg i sommerferien til å arbeide Ut i naturen. dugnad for Vinjerock i Jotunheimen. Med midler fra stiftelsen utbedres festivalområdet. Mars 2011 • Henie Onstad Kunstsenter får 4,5 mil- August 2011 lioner kroner over en treårs periode i gave til kjøp av ung eksperimentell samtids- • Kull 2 starter på Dannelsesprogrammet; kunst, og formidling av denne. ledelsesprogrammet som gis som inspi- rasjon til unge folk engasjert i frivillige organisasjoner. April 2011 • For første gang vises Svelviks historie i • Norsk Fjellmuseum i Lom får 2,469.000 et eget spill som engasjerer hele lokal- kroner til å tilgjengeliggjøre Klimapark miljøet. -
Three Episodes of Financial Fragility in Norway Since the 1890S by Karsten R Gerdrup*
BIS Working Papers No 142 Three episodes of financial fragility in Norway since the 1890s by Karsten R Gerdrup* Monetary and Economic Department October 2003 * Central Bank of Norway (Norges Bank) BIS Working Papers are written by members of the Monetary and Economic Department of the Bank for International Settlements, and from time to time by other economists, and are published by the Bank. The views expressed in them are those of their authors and not necessarily the views of the BIS. Copies of publications are available from: Bank for International Settlements Press & Communications CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +41 61 280 9100 and +41 61 280 8100 This publication is available on the BIS website (www.bis.org). © Bank for International Settlements 2002. All rights reserved. Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is cited. ISSN 1020-0959 (print) ISSN 1682-7678 (online) Abstract This paper provides for the first time a comparative study of three major banking crises in Norway (1899-1905, 1920-28 and 1988-92), and presents financial and macroeconomic data spanning more than 130 years. Financial sector development appears to be closely linked to booms and busts in economic activity during these years. The boom periods that preceded each of the three crises all have some common features: they were characterised by significant bank expansion, considerable asset price inflation and increased indebtedness. The non-financial sector increased its debt only slightly more than its income during the first two boom periods, but subsequent deflation increased its debt burden. -
Norges Private Aksjebanker Og Sparebanker 1939
r Offll Sttt, r I .: (Stt Offll d l rvè, r I t X). Rekke IX. Trykt 1940. Nr.185. Skolestatistikk 1936-37. (Instruction publique.) - 186. Norges jernbaner 1938-39. (Chemins de fer norvégiens.) - 187. Kriminalstatistikk 1937 og 1938. (Statistique de la criminalité pour les années 1937 et 1938.) - 188. Norges industri 1938. (Statistique industrielle de la Norvège.) - 189. Skattestatistikken 1939-40. (Répartition d'impôts.) - 190. Telegrafverket 1938-39. (Télégraphes et téléphones de l'État.) - 191. Jordbrukstellingen 20. juni 1939. Første hefte. Arealet, husdyrholdet in. v. Her- redsvise oppgaver. (Recensement au 20 juin 1939. I. La superficie, animaux domestiques etc.) - 192. Folkemengdens bevegelse 1938. (Mouvement de la population.) - 193. Sinnssykeasylenes virksomhet 1938. (Statistique des hospices d'aliénés.) - 194. Sunnhetstilstanden og medisinalforholdene 1938. (Rapport sur l'état sanitaire et medical.) - 195. Norges fiskerier 1938. (Grandes pêches maritimes.) - 196. Norges kommunale finanser 1936-37. (Finances des communes.) - 197. Norges Postverk 1939. (Statistique postale.) - 198. Norges Handel 1939. (Commerce.) - 199. Skolestatistikk 1937-38. (Instruction publique.) - 200. Kommunenes gjeld m. v. pr. 30. juni 1940. (Dette etc. des communes.) . rt 1941. Nr. 1. Bureising med statsstøtte 1921--36. Telling pr. 20. juni 1938. (Colonisation en Norvège subventionnée par l'Etat 1921-36. Recensement au 20 juin 1938.) - 2. Forsikringsselskaper 1939. (Sociétés d'assurances.) - 3. Syketrygden 1939. (Assurance-maladie nationale.) - 4. Norges bergverksdrift 1939. (Mines et usines.) - 5. Norges private aksjebanker og sparebanker 1939. (Statistique des banques privées par actions et des caisses d'épargne.) - 6. Meieribruket i Norge 1939. (L'industrie laitière de la Norvège.) - 7. Norges jernbaner 1939-40, (Chemins de fer norvégiens.) - 8.