WINTER 1966 COLUMBIA

A Newsletter Published by Community Research & Development, Inc. Winter, 1966 $50 Million Financing Signed for Columbia Three of the nation’s major financial institutions are backing the development of Columbia with the largest sum ever advanced for the building of a new city. Frazar B. Wilde, chairman of the board of Connecticut General Life Insurance Company; David Rockefeller, president of the Chase Manhattan Bank; and William C. Greenough, chairman and president of the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America, have announced that their companies are providing $50 million in long-term mortgage notes to Community Research & Development Inc., for the building of Columbia. Connecticut General Life Insurance Company made the project possible by Town Center, 1980. financing the acquisition of more than 15,000 acres in Howard County. The A NEW CITY FOR AMERICA other two investors have now joined Connecticut General in a financing program Within the next three months, as First, Community Research and winter draws to a close in Maryland, the Development, through a unique and pioneeringthat will include the land purchase and construction of Columbia will begin. financing arrangement with the Connecticut the scheduled development program. More than three years of the most General Life Insurance Company, “The imaginative and comprehensive comprehensive study, planning and organization acquired more than 15,000 acres of land plans for Columbia afford a unique ever undertaken in American urban in 165 separate purchases in the investment opportunity as well as farsighted development preceded groundbreaking Washington-Baltimore corridor in Howard solutions to many of the problems which for the new city. County, Maryland. have beset urban growth in America,” The original concept of Columbia Following announcement of the land Mr. Wilde said. called for acquistion of enough land assembly of a tract somewhat larger than . . The development of cities has directly in the path of inevitable development Manhattan Island in the fast-developing often lacked at the early planning stages to accommodate an eventual corridor, CRD devoted more than a year the financial resources necessary for large- population of more than 100,000 people. Partand almost a million dollars to the study scale land acquisition and comprehensive of that concept specified that the land and design of all of the systems and be acquired early enough to permit the elements that would result in the best urban planning and development. We are cer­ design of a city which would provide the environment that could be brought about. tain this investment will make possible a broadest freedom of opportunity andThis meant not only the incorporation of quality community, based on the physical variety of environment and facilities for the full body of knowledge of urban condition of the area and the needs of its people. (Continued on Page 14)its people.” 2

Six Engineering Firms Retained

The engineering work required for C. D. Messick & Associates, Annapolis, Columbia is already well underway with have been retained for the preliminary COLUMBIA 6 Maryland consulting firms retained for and final engineering design of Village 1, major projects. its residential streets and related storm The Towson firm of Jerome B. Wolff drainage. & Associates has worked on basic utility Green Associates, Inc., Baltimore studies, serves as liaison between Columbia Volume 7 Number 1 consultants, are preparing the preliminary Published quarterly by Community and the State Roads Commission, and and final plans for the transit bridge over Rearch and Development, Inc., The is responsible for the preliminary and Lake 2, a major structure with an anticipated­ Village of Cross Keys, Baltimore, Maryland final design of Wilde Lake and the lake construction cost in excess of $1 21210. Please send notification of change of in Town Center. million. address to the attention of the Rummel, Klepper & Kahl, Baltimore Water and sewer facilities are being Information Department.I consultants, are designing Town Center designed for the Howard County The Columbia Newsletter is available upon request. roads, the ring road around Town Center Metropolitan Commission by Whitman, and related bridges and drainage. Requardt & Associates, Baltimore. The consulting firm is working under agreements between the Metropolitan Commission and Columbia. LOCATION Purdum & Jeschke, with offices in MAP Baltimore and Ellicott City, Maryland, are Almost centered in the charged with all survey work for property rapidly growing corridor between Washington control and basic engineering studies for and Baltimore, the first industrial area. Columbia is easily reached from both Maps, Inc., Baltimore cartographic metropolitan areas firm, has produced the basic reference and is within minutes map of the Columbia area for use in the of Friendship International Airport. Interstate­ engineering designs. 95, an 8-lane expressway, will provide major access to the new city. Architects Named for 3 Projects

The total design of Columbia will involve a large number of local and UTILITY CONTRACT SIGNED nationally-known architectural firms. The On October 4, Community Research of an interceptor and sewage lines seletion of three architectural firms, all from and Development signed an estimated running from the intersection of Route the Baltimore-Washington area, has been $1,750,000 contract with the Howard 108 and Route 29 to Savage. The line, announced to date. County Metropolitan Commission for varying from 12" to 42" in diameter, Keyes, Lethbridge & Condon, District installation of the first portion of Columia's will follow the Little Patuxent River. of Columbia, have been retained for the sewer system. Approved at a public hearing November architectural planning of Town Center. Under the terms of the contract, CRD 22, the project was incorporated by The Village Center for Village 1 will paid 10% of its share of the cost of the the Metropolitan Commission on December be designed by Cohen, Haft & Associates, 7-mile-long line at the time the contract 13 into its 1966 program. It will be Silver Spring, Maryland. was signed, with the balance to be paid completed within the year and is The Baltimore architectural firm of when the job is put up for bids. designed to serve all population increases Potter & Beck will design the clubhouse The contract provides for the constructiongenerated by Columbia’s development. for the first golf course. 3

First Lake Named for Frazar Wilde

Columbia’s first lake is named after Frazar B. Wilde, chairman of the board of Connecticut General Life Insurance Company. Mr. Wilde is recognized as having lived the legendary pattern of the American success story. He joined Connecticut General in 1914 as an office boy and 22 years later, at the age of 41, became its president. He was elected chairman of Map shown locations of the board in 1960. Columbia’s 5 proposed lakes, to be among the largest He is a founder and first chairman of man-made bodies of water in the Institute of Life Insurance. By the state. The lake program, totaling 530 acres of Columbia's self-education, he has become a nationally open space and recreation respected authority in economics. He is plan, has been almost entirely approved by the state, chairman of the Committee for Economic with further study Development and was appointed in 1965 recommended for Lake 5. by President Johnson to the Advisory Committee on International Monetary Arrangements. When the Commission on Money and Credit completed in 1961 the first thorough survey in 50 years of U.S. public and private fiscal policies and institutions, he was its chairman. He has been a consultant to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve and vice chairman of the nonpartisan Business Committee for Tax Reduction. Mr. Wilde has been consulted on economic matters by the national administration and has frequently been called by Congress to testify before the House Ways and Means Committee and other Congressional committees.

VITAL INTEREST IN COLUMBIA “The naming of Wilde Lake is a recognition of Mr. Wilde’s vital interest in the concept of Columbia as a solution to many of America’s urban expansion problems,” said James W. Rouse, CRD’s CRD is now at work on the final plans for Wilde Lake and Lake 2; the latter president, in announcing the name of the is the lake for Town Center just west of first lake. “He was among the first to Route 29. Columbia’s lakes will be designed for recreational use, including boating recognize the need for a project of and fishing, similar to the lake pictured. Columbia’s dimensions and his has been a guiding hand without which the project would not have been possible. 4

Funds Granted for Dr. Calvin W. Stillman has been Religious Facilities Educational Study appointed to serve as consultant in this Corporation A History­ study. He taught at the University of The Fund for the Advancement of Making Project Chicago and is vice-president of the Education has granted $14,000 to the Broadcasting Foundation of America. “This is probably the first time in Maryland State Department of Education Currently Dr. Stillman is a professor at American church life that churches have for the preparation of a comprehensive ventured this far in experimenting with the New School for Social Research in plan for education in Howard County, the concept of shared facilities,” says New York. including Columbia. Rev. Clarence Sinclair, staff member of The comprehensive study will consider The Fund, established by the Ford the National Council of Churches working day care centers, pre-elementary education, Foundation, has made the grant to with the Religious Facilities Committee elementary and secondary education, engage a consultant for six months to work for Columbia. vocational education, higher education closely with the Maryland State Department Basically, the plan involves the sharing of Education, the Howard County and adult education. Work on the study of church facilities by several congregations Board of Education and CRD in the was initiated the first week of January, at the same time. Columbia’s first preparation of a master educational plan. 1966. Village is expected to have only three sanctuaries serving its congregations. Instrumental in the project will be the Religious Facilities Corporation, a non-profit organization with its directors elected from the Mission Development Committee of the National Council of Churches. The RFC will be responsible for administration of Columbia’s shared religious facilities concept, planning for the new town’s ecclesiastical concept, and for the related architecture. Serving on the Religious Facilities Committee to organize the RFC are Rev. Fred Webber, executive of the Presbytery­ of Baltimore; Attorney John E. Village Centers will be location of many library, religious and educational facilities. Morse, head of church building financing. United Church of Christ; Dr. B. P. Library Study Completed Goldstein, Graduate School of Library Science, Murphy of the National Division, Board of Missions of the Methodist Church; and A comprehensive report on a library University of Illinois; and Dr. Philip Clayton Wallace, Office of Church system for Columbia has been completed Lewis, Director of Research, Development and Special Projects, Board of Extension, Central Atlantic Conference, under the direction of Dr. C. Walter Education, Chicago, Illinois. United Church of Christ. Stone, Director of Libraries, University The study group was aided by an The following church bodies have of Pittsburgh. endorsed the project: Advisory Committee of 9 library specialists, The study, financed by a $4,750 grant American Lutheran Church including representatives of Baltimore’s American Baptist Convention from the Council on Library Resources, Enoch Pratt Free Library, the Maryland Christian Churches, Disciples considers all phases of a library system Church of God State Department of Education, U.S. Council of Community Churches for the entire new town, including Office of Education, Howard County The Episcopal Church estimated costs of construction and operation. Evangelical United Brethren Board of Education, and Marvin Lutheran Church in America Thomas, Director of the Howard County Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod Serving under Dr. Stone on the study Quakers (Baltimore Friends) Public Library System. Maryland Baptist Convention project were Dr. Richard Darling, The study is being submitted to the The Methodist Church Supervisor of Library Services, Montgomery The Moravian Church Board of Trustees of the Howard County United Church of Christ County Public Schools: Dr. Harold Library for review and recommendations. United Presbyterian Church, U.S.A 5

CA: Columbia’s Unique Plan for Amenities

From its very beginning, Columbia will The Association will function under the importantly, the level of amenities and provide a much broader range of services guidance of a board of directors services provided will be far higher than and amenities than can be found in many representative of the residents and land-owners any other area in the entire region. well-established, larger cities. The lakes of Columbia. A full-time professional Through the Association, Columbians and parks, stream valleys and open staff will operate the recreational and will have the opportunity to enjoy a range spaces; the swimming pools, tennis courts, other facilities. Revenues will be of urban services and facilities rarely playing fields and landscaped parkways; provided from a modest assessment and from available to residents of even the finest the meeting rooms, libraries, pre-school user charges. Even when combined with communities. The people of Columbia child care and recreation areas, and many Howard County taxes, total assessments will also have in being the means to other facilities will be available from the in Columbia will be comparable to or less provide for new opportunities or requirements first stages of development and will than almost every adjacent area. More for the city as they occur. belong to all of the people of Columbia. To make possible this high level of facilities from the inception of the new city, and to provide an efficient means of operation and maintenance of them, the Columbia Association was formed. This unique organization will give the residents of Columbia both the means and the mechanism to assure a strong, healthy and attractive community. Columbia Association will support recreational and open space facilities.

COLUMBIA IN THE PRESS

“. . . socially and economically the most “. . . may be this nation’s most ambitious complete new-city concept in the U. S. effort in new community planning. Surely to date . . .” it is among the most imaginative.” —LIFE —THE WASHINGTON STAR

“. . . almost breathtaking in its possibilities “. . . the entire planning process has . . . (the developers) . . . are entitled shown evidence of the hard-headedness to generous applause for the imaginationthat befits a public corporation engaged and skill that have gone into the planning in a profit-making venture . . . (the of this venture and for the courage to developers) are confident of the results— think of the future of this area with within decidedly non-utopian limits . . boldness befitting the mounting popula­ —ARCHITECTURAL FORUM tion statistics.” The Chesapeake & Potomac —THE WASHINGTON POST “The project represents the most ambitious and imaginative attempt of its kind Telephone Company has presented to “. . . represents the most conscious CRD a communications concept for in the United States.” American effort so far to meet the needs of a Columbia. As envisioned by C&P, —BALTIMORE NEWS AMERICAN Columbia makes possible a one- rounded community within a carefully package communications system costed commercial project . . . deserves . . (the plans for Columbia) . . . show including closed circuit television the attention of builders of new towns a real American city—with all the evident systems, taped library material on both sides of the Atlantic.” acquired by phone, lineless extensions, bugs of existing cities taken out . . . The —THE ECONOMIST, LONDON tele-lectures for business use and— art of urban design is in the details.” as shown above— a Picturephone —WOLF VON ECKARDT, “. . . hallmark of the whole project so THE WASHINGTON POST service. far has been vigor and imagination.” —BALTIMORE EVENING SUN (Continued on page 11) 6

SYMPHONY SERIES SET FOR COLUMBIA Plans made to hold first summer concert program in 1967

The Washington National Symphony The large covering is the first such financed by CRD so there will be no has accepted CRD’s offer to build a new design in the U.S. Constructed of 3500 immediate capital outlay by the orchestra concert facility at Columbia. Named the square yards of canvas, it will have association. Columbia Pavilion of Music, the new interior tiedown stations as well as supporting The agreement between the symphony concert center will be a specially poles to give it a novel appearance.association and CRD is dependent upon constructed, covered amphitheater on a A stage with an acoustical shell will be two conditions: 1) that the orchestra landscaped 10-acre wooded site in the center installed inside the Pavilion. Christopher receive a substantial grant from a foundation of Columbia’s 40-acre central park. Jaffe, who designed the shell successfully which would enable the association James M. Leefe, a San Francisco architect used this past summer in New York City to extend the playing season; and 2) that specializing in the construction of by the New York Philharmonic is the a satisfactory agreement be reached large tents, has designed the Pavilion. It consultant for stage design. between the association and the musician’s will have a seating capacity of 3,000 with The land on which the Columbia union. With these conditions met, it is additional accommodations for 3,000 Pavilion is to be built will be provided expected that the first concerts could be outside the theater. by CRD, and construction will be held during the summer of 1967.

Mrs. John T. Connor, wife of Secretary of Commerce; Osby Weir, The first such design in the U.S., the pavilion is made of about 3/4 of president of the National Symphony Orchestra Association; and Mrs. an acre of canvas; will provide facilities for 6,000 concert goers. San Merriweather Post, vice president of the Association, study model of Francisco architect specializes in tent design. Columbia concert pavilion. Maestro Howard Mitchell is one of only two major U.S. symphony conductors selected from the ranks of their own organizations.

WASHINGTON NATIONAL SYMPHONY: Orchestra of the Presidents

The internationally renown 111-member built concert facilities. cemetery within the Columbia area. National Symphony Orchestra played Washington’s resident orchestra is now Since Mitchell’s appointment as 64 concerts in 19 countries during the in its 35th subscription season. It is conductor, the Orchestra has grown remarkably. past year. Among its recordings are the conducted by Howard Mitchell, one of only The season has been lengthened to famous RCA Victor 10-volume two conductors of major American 36 weeks, and the number of concerts has "Adventures in Music.” orchestras appointed directly from the ranks increased to 200. The total audience per In planning for a summer music of their own orchestras. season is estimated at more than 40,000. amphitheater program the National Symphony The founder of the National Known as the “Orchestra of the joins other major orchestras such as the Symphony in 1931 and its first musical Presidents,” the National Symphony has played Boston Symphony and Detroit Symphonydirector was the late Hans Kindler. for inaugurations of every president since which conduct summer series in specially Coincidentally, he is buried in a private its founding. 8

BETWEEN PURCHASE AND DEVELOPMENT: A Story of Land Utilization

An interesting by-product of major street shade and screening, and 22 varieties road costs with owners of adjoining land developing is the availability of large of flowering ornamentals for lawn properties for fire control lanes through their land parcels for fairly long periods and decorative plantings. Species include timber areas. between the time of purchase and the actual oak, maple, ash, sweet gum and the more Part of the overall land program beginning of development. exotic ginko, Japanese pagoda tree, involves land clearing, and CRD cooperates At Columbia, CRD has established a London plane tree. Little-leaf European closely with the Savage and Clarksville number of agricultural programs to linden and Blue Atlas cedar. Volunteer Fire Departments in the razing utilize almost the entire land parcel. Seven The company worked with engineers of sub-standard buildings, a valuable training thousand acres are leased to farmers for of neighboring W. R. Grace Research exercise for the volunteers.

Much of the acreage purchased for the development of Columbia consists of rolling farmland and other open space. Howard is an essentially rural county and agricultural activity can be a practical enterprise for the developer of a major land parcel. varied agricultural activities, 4,000 acres Laboratories to develop a tractor-drawn are under a highly selective timer device for metering fertilizer for mass improvement program, and 2,000 acres are planting. Assisting CRD in the nursery operated by the company as farms, program are County Agent Warren G. nursery and pasture land. Myers and Soil Conservation Agent Elmer

A QUARTER MILLION TREES Saur. At the rate of 40,000 trees per year— FIRE PROTECTION 20,000 each spring and fall—CRD is Another facet of Columbia’s land planting a total of 252,000 tree seedlings improvement program is the cutting of for eventual transplanting to various access roads through timber property for locations in Columbia. improved fire protection. The company The tree program includes 75 varieties constructs such fire access roads not only of hardwood and coniferous trees foron its own property but also shares access 9

Another CRD-4H activity is the long term $l-a-year lease the company has granted 4H for more than 5 acres in one of Columbia’s permanent green space areas. The 4H Clubs will establish a nature camp on the site. Immediately adjacent to CRD’s Howard County office on Route 29, the company has granted the use of some 10 acres and a barn for the “29ers” Donleigh 4H Beef Project. CRD also provides its Route 29 office facilities to 4H for monthly meetings.

SOD PRODUCTION In 1965, CRD seeded 87 acres of Columbia with Kentucky blue grass and re-seeded 55 acres stripped for sod sales. After the wheat harvest, the company seeded that acreage for sod in its L to R: George Beaver, Columbia’s farm manager; Robert E. Stansfield, assistant county agent; program to build 200 acres of annual sod and Warren G. Myers, Howard County agent, measure CRD’s 1965 corn production. Farms areproduction. Sod is sold in place by the rated competitively on basis of bushels per acre. acre, and customers include the Maryland FARMING AND 4H have been put into a scholarship fund State Roads Commission and the Virginia CRD boards cattle for several owners, from which Columbia awards an annual State Highway Department. devotes 300 acres to corn production andcollege scholarship to a deserving Howard CRD’s field operations are under the 400 acres to hay. The company has sold County boy or girl. The program, underdirection of John Shallcross, Director of a portion of its hay production to thethe direction of John Shallcross for CRD Lands Management. Donald Nahrgang Howard County 4H Clubs at 1/4 market and David Tugend, County Extension is Nursery Manager and George Beaver is value, and the proceeds from this sale Agent for 4H, went into effect in 1965. General Farming Manager.

Far left: Columbia tree planting crew places 500 seedlings per hour; 3,500 per day. Rig plows shallow trench and meters 2-ounce fertilizer application at automatically measured intervals. Crew riding planter drops seedlings in trench at fertilizer locations and device closes trench. In second photo, Nursery Manager Donald Nahrgang prunes London plane trees planted in early 1965. 10

COLUMBIA IS PART OF FEDERAL BIRD STUDY Columbia has become a unique part of a long range study of bird population trends in Maryland and Delaware. Under the auspices of the Federal Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, the study in this area is conducted from the Migratory Bird Populations Station in Laurel, Maryland. The work involves a long range study of all birds, including game birds, based upon systematic random samplings of breeding populations. Population trends in Columbia will be compared with those throughout Maryland. Columbia offers the Bureau an A unique tree transplanter is speeding the landscaping program for various portions of the Columbia site. Recently, more than 30 large trees up to 18 unparalleled opportunity to study the feet in height were moved to Atholton Village, the nearby Columbia office of progressive effects of urbanization upon bird CRD, and trees were moved to future Town Center. populations in farmland which is to be The 96-horsepower John Deere JD600 is able to excavate a planting hole, converted in a brief time span to an dig up a tree with the required root ball, transport it to the planting site and urban environment. The survey has lower it into position—all in a matter of minutes. In addition to its use in Columbia, the machine can be rented by others interested in such a service. already begun.

FIELD TRIAL AGREEMENT SIGNED

The National Capital Field Trial Club, Inc., and Columbia have signed a 9-year agreement permitting the Club to conduct spring and fall trials at River Hill Farm in Columbia. The first such event is planned for April, 1966. Under the terms of the agreement, Columbia will provide kennel space for 30 dogs, box stall stables for 20 horses within 15 minutes driving time from River Hill, the use of the Columbia Route 29 office for a 4-day period per trial and the use of the River Hill lodge. The current agreement is in effect until April, 1975.

River Hill Manager Larry Moore and pointer. 11

COLUMBIA IN THE PRESS (Continued from page 5) . . these planners have done far more than any other group in the country to make academic disciplines serve a builder in the field . . —HARPER’S "This community-planning scheme goes a long way toward fostering better education, better government, and better transportation within the town.” —HOUSE AND HOME ‘‘Columbia is designed so residents will have the advantages and facilities and opportunities of a big city along with the rewards of a small town.” —BALTIMORE MAGAZINE “. . . this is more than just another attempt to meet this decade’s booming demand for houses; it aims to solve a whole range of urban and suburban problems . . . The concept could well be called Olympian.” —SUNDAY MAGAZINE, THE WASHINGTON STAR

L to R: Paul Kaufman of National Educational TV; Mort Hoppenfeld, assistant project director; cameraman; Wallace Hamilton, acting director of institutional development; and Howard County Library Kaufman’s assistant filming show in Columbia’s design department. Assembling Columbia Collection COLUMBIA ON EDUCATIONAL TV The Howard County Library has received two donations from CRD for the National Educational Television, which the Cross Keys office in Baltimore. purchase of a Columbia collection of supplies educational television programs This will mark Columbia’s second books pertinent to new towns. to more than 100 non-commercial s major TV appearance. In mid-1965 the The initial gift, in the amount of $500, stations, has filmed Columbia’s design project was featured by WMAL-TV in was made in 1964. Marvin Thomas, progress for use in an upcoming segment ofWashington in a documentary program Director of the Howard County Library, a continuing series on American life. about the new towns underway in the states that the funds were used for the The 60-minute program has the working Washington area. acquisition of books primarily on citytitle: "America’s Crisis: New Towns.” planning and urban development. National Educational Television’s A second gift, $250, made in June of executive producer, Paul Kaufman, and his 1965, has been used to enlarge the crew have covered Columbia, West Coast Columbia collection with books of a and European projects to present a broader scope, including new trends in well-balanced portrayal of the growing impact education, data processing and other of new town design on the American subjects expected to be a part of Columbia's Scene. The program is now undergoing development. final editing and will be released nationally The Howard County Library, 839 to educational TV stations in February, Frederick Road, near Ellicott City, serves 1966. According to the producers, 17,000 patrons. a print will be given to CRD for use at CRD’s Hamilton and Wallace on camera. 12

HOWARD COUNTY GOVERNMENT VITAL TO COLUMBIA SUCCESS Extensive Road

Vital to Columbia's successful development and administration is the government of The complete dualization of Route 29 Howard County itself. The government’s concern for the county’s future and its recognition of Columbia as one solution to rapidly expanding population led to the approval from of the Route 40 south through Columbia project in 1965. then to Burtonsville in Montgomery Howard County is a single political subdivision of the state, and its government affordsCounty is included in the Maryland State county-wide policy making and administration. Roads Commission 6-year highway County policy is formulated by a 3-member board of commissioners through the board’s power to approve the 12 department budgets, levy county taxes and appoint the variousconstruction program which began July 1st, county administrative personnel. 1964, and ends June 30, 1970. All county public services are administered under the board of commissioners with the exception of the Metropolitan Commission which, nevertheless, must have all of its major STATE PROGRAM acts approved by the board. The county’s tax rate is lower than that of any nearby county: This 6-year program is in three 2-year $2.35 per $100 of assessed value. phases, each requiring the approval of Howard County, not under “Home Rule,” must have all its laws—except regulatory ordinances—passed by the Maryland State Legislature which meets every other year. county officials. Programmed for Howard County in the 1964-1966 phase are these EDUCATIONAL SERVICES projects: Howard County has a single county-wide school district headed by the Howard County1. Addition of a 2nd lane to 1.14 miles School Superintendent and administered by a 5-man school board. of existing Route 29 from Md. 144 There are about 11,000 children in the school system which maintains 20 school buildings and employs 480 personnel at an expenditure of $486 per student. to a point south of Md. 103; Although Howard County has no public kindergartens, some 400 children are enrolled in private kindergartens using, where feasible, space provided by the public school system.

PUBLIC SAFETY A unique control alarm system is used to coordinate all county public safety services. The system maintains 2-way radio contact with all stations and patrols on a 24-hour basis through 8 dispatchers. It is coordinated with the public safety organizations of surrounding counties. The police department is headquartered in Ellicott City. Activity is coordinated with the Maryland State Police through two Howard County barracks. I Six volunteer fire companies operate in Howard County. Three county election districts levy a fire tax up to $.10 to supplement fire protection budgets. The county is currently considering the establishment of a fire service coordinator to oversee the 6 departments and to increase the efficiency of fire protection services.

HEALTH AND WELFARE Howard County maintains several health clinics with x-ray, prenatal, mental health and other facilities. Also part of the county public health program are the provision of nurses for school examinations, a sanitarian, a chief medical examiner and the operation of trash removal contracts.

ROADS

The county maintains 290 miles of paved roads through county appropriations and state highway tax rebates. The county roads department has 61 employees.

PLANNING AND ZONING

The County Planning Commission reviews all subdivision plats and is responsible for the county’s General Plan for Development. The zoning commissioner bears the responsibility for formulation and enforcement of Howard County’s zoning ordinance and its amendments. Map shows area of Route 29 to be dualized METROPOLITAN COMMISSION under 6-year highway program; Interstate 95, to The Metropolitan Commission operates a single sanitary district in the county and plans,be 8 lanes between Baltimore and Washington Beltways by 1968; Interstate 70 between Route programs, constructs and operates all public water and sewage systems in the county. The 40 and Baltimore Beltway across north end of commission levies an ad valorem and utility tax based on front footage at a rate of aboutRoute 29. Reproduced from a copyrighted map $3.00. Acting as a corporation independent of the board of commissioners, the Metropolitanby permission from the Md. State Roads Commission is subject to the commissioners’ approval on major acts. Commission. 13

Road. This is presently planned to be in Construction Underway in Area the 1968-1970 phase.

scheduled to be advertised in Feb. interchange at Routes 29 and 40, a INTERSTATE PROGRAM 1966. $2,660,865 contract. A 3.63-mile portion of I-70N in 2. Addition of a 2nd lane to 1.5 miles 2. Widening of the 4-span bridge over Howard County is currently under of existing Route 29 from a point the Patuxent River between Scaggsville construction from the Baltimore County line south of Md. 103 to a point south of and Burtonsville, a $415,214 west to St. John’s Lane, a $3,872,922 Md. 108; also scheduled for February, contract. contract including an interchange which 1966, advertising. 3. Construction of a bridge to carry will carry I-70N under Route 29, and 3. Addition of a 2nd lane to 0.5 mile of Ridge Road over a ramp at the Ridge the construction of Route 29 southward existing Route 29 from the Patuxent Road— Route 29— Route 40 River toward Old Columbia Road; to to join SRC program construction. interchange, a $72,617 contract. be advertised after Jan. 1st, 1966. 1-95, a new divided expressway Currently under construction under the The remainder of Route 29 dualization paralleling Route 29 to the east and linking SRC ’64-’66 phase are three contracts: in Howard County is in the 1966-1968Baltimore and Washington, is currently 1. Construction of 1.5 miles of Route phase of the SRC 6-year program with being designed as an 8-lane dual trafficway 29, dual lane from I-70N to Md. 144, the exception of the section from Owen in the Columbia area, and is including 4 bridges and an Brown Road south to Johns Hopkinsexpected to be completed in 1968.

Above: Pneumatic drills prepare rock for blasting near intersection of Routes 29 and 40 northwest of Ellicott City where Route 29 is being dualized. Upper & lower right: Two lanes are added to bridge over Patuxent River’s Rocky Gorge Reservoir on Route 29 between Burtonsville and Scaggsville. 14

A NEW CITY FOR AMERICA and efficient use by the community for the Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone after hours, summer, recreational and Company, incorporating communications (Continued from Page I) adult programs. techniques that until now have seemed design, but also the infusion of a broad By recognizing at the outset the eventual years away, is under study. A church spectrum of study and information about needs for open space and recreational planning group representing virtually what works well for people. It was not facilities, plans for Columbia reserve every active denomination in the state enough simply to be best architecturally more than 3200 acres in their natural has been at work for nearly a year on or to excel in the normal context of state and in the form of lakes, parks, innovative religious facilities for Columbia. development. Successful planning would golf courses, pathways, playing fields and Special grants for the study of be measured in results and in terms that riding trails. Rather than passively awaiting comprehensive library and elementary school people themselves have clearly expressed. the disappearance of open space, systems have been awarded. ANSWER TO GROWTH PRESSURES forests and stream valleys as so often The Washington National Symphony By the end of the century, America occurs with inevitable growth, Columbia Orchestra has selected Columbia as the must build anew the equivalent of every will have a degree of order, stability and site of its summer home and is planning house and building, of every road, street recreational opportunities unmatched in a program of 30 concerts a summer to and highway, of every school, church, any growth area of the country. begin in 1967. A major program for a store and shop that has been constructed Similar advantages accrue in almost new system of health and medical facilities since the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth is under study. In every phase of its Rock. The pressures of population growth execution, Columbia has stimulated and the compression of time in which this enthusiastic involvement. The advantages monumental task must be done make of a bright new city in a remarkable imperative the need to learn from the location, the chance for business and past and to see the future with the industry, for institutions and services to optimism that far better solutions are before evolve a broad range of new solutions us and are possible. and facilities in harmony with the The plan for Columbia thus includes environment is Columbia’s touchstone. much more than the obvious dwelling units, convenience shops and basic amenities PLANS ADVANCING RAPIDLY for its residents. Columbia will Following completion of the initial incorporate a complete range of almost design and planning phases, Columbia 30,000 apartments and houses to meet applied for and was granted a new form the total demands of a city. It will be of zoning and was designated a “New possible to rent a modestly priced garden Town District” by the Commissioners of apartment or a luxurious penthouse; to Among the interesting features made Howard County. This revolutionary buy a detached single family home from possible by the new town concept is the ordinance assures the long range stability and separate bus route system now under any of a dozen or more builders on a study for Columbia. Small busses, similar achievement of balance so necessary to wide selection of lots and in a variety of to the one shown here, would travel their the new city and encourages the best settings, including golf course and lakefront own routes, make frequent stops and possible development in every detail. operate on very low fares. locations; or even to select one’s Since the granting of zoning in August, own location and engage an architect and 1965, Columbia has completed arrangements every element of the environment. In a custom builder. for financing (see page 1) and shopping and entertainment, libraries, Throughout Columbia, school sites for has advanced rapidly through the health, communications, transportation, more than fifty elementary, junior high engineering and design processes necessary culture, safety, religious institutions, and high schools have already been set to service and prepare the land for industrial and business development, aside and appropriately zoned. The development. As 1966 begins, 65 full-time Columbia offers unprecedented opportunities educational system which will unfold in professionals at CRD, and 31 outside for innovation and refinement. Columbia, guided by the Howard County firms are at work on the new city. Business, School Board, will enjoy the advantage SPECIAL OPPORTUNITIES industrial and institutional development of being able to provide a modern plant Even as construction begins, many is well underway, and with the designed from the beginning to fit and organizations and institutions are already approach of construction, many more complement the city. The need for school deeply involved in the unfolding of firms, builders and consultants will join bussing is virtually eliminated, and the special opportunities in Columbia. A in the building of America’s most remarkable location of schools will permit their broad farsighted and comprehensive proposal by city. 15

RIVER HILL IN SECOND SEASON River Hill Farm, the game preserve operated by Howard Research & Development Corporation, and located on Route 32 near Clarksville, has begun its second season stocked with 2750 pheasant, 1000 quail and 1300 ducks. The 450-acre River Hill tract is open to the public from October 1 to March 31. It is easily reached from Baltimore and Washington by Route 29 to Route 32, then west on 32. The hunting facilities accommodate up to 4 groups at a time, 3 hunters to a group. In accordance with a detailed plan produced by the Wildlife Management Institute, more than 200 feed and cover strips have been planted to provide 4 large hunting areas. River Hill provides experienced guides and trained German shorthair pointers, English pointers, Brittany spaniels and and Labrador retrievers. G. Laurence Moore, a member of Howard County’s Agricultural Stabilization Committee, is preserve manager under John Shallcross, HRD's Director of Lands Management. Present plans for Columbia include River Hill Farm’s continuation as a shooting preserve, part of the city’s recreation facilities.

. For more information, a brochure and reservations, call John Shallcross at (301) 531-5133.

Top: Manager Larry Moore and assistant unload a shipment of ringnecks from Pennsylvania. Center: With his dog on the point, a River Hill hunter readies for a fast wing shot. Bottom: A pheasant rockets from cover as the hunter takes aim. NORMAN E. WINKLER 10174 PASTURE GATE LANE COLUMBIA, MD. 21044 Neighbors in Business

W.R. Grace’s Washington Research Center, Clarksville, Md. W. R. GRACE & COMPANY In 1964, sales of Grace chemical professionals are physical, organic, inorganic vinyl finishes, agricultural chemicals, fine products reached a record high of more and analytical chemists, chemical particle and life science technology. than $500 million and $14 million were engineers, physicists and mathematicians. A majority of the company’s major allocated to research. Most of this The major research areas reflect the chemical operating units conduct research allocation went to the company's Washington diversity of Grace’s chemical manufacturing in their own product lines. It is one of Research Center at Clarksville, Maryland, activities. Included are the chemistry the responsibilities of Central Research to immediately adjacent to Columbia. and physics of synthetic plastics and their support the efforts of the operating Some 450 men and women, both applications, organic and inorganic chemistry, divisions. The second responsibility is the profession and support personnel, work at rare earth chemicals, adhesives, provision of a research base for the the Research Center. Among the catalysts, food and desiccant packaging, company’s entry into new fields.

LASS I (Lighter Than Air Submarine Simulator) is a 55-foot-Iong, 10-foot-diameter, 213-lb. blimp. Having maneuverability characteristics similar to those of a submerged vehicle, LASS I is intended to develop the design of a deep diving submarine to be used by the U.S. Navy for personnel rescue from damaged submarines. A critical phase of this Hydronautics, Inc. project involves the ability of the rescue vessel to attach itself to the hatch of the damaged submarine in the presence of underwater Main Office and Laboratory, Hydronautics, Inc. currents.

HYDRONAUTICS, INC. With its main offices and laboratory on Pindell School Road about a mile south of Columbia, Hydronautics, Inc. employs 90 scientific and support people. The firm is devoted to research, consulting and advanced engineering in the fields of naval and industrial hydronautics. Applied research efforts include the design of deep submergence and air cushion vehicles, hydrofoils, wavemaking and frictional resistance, underwater acoustics, cavitation damage, marine propeller design and testing, design of water tunnels and channels, and ship motion. The company was incorporated in July, 1959, and moved to the Howard County facilities. Hydronautics, Inc. has branch offices in Rockville, Maryland, and Wageningen, The Netherlands.

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