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Aree Protette E NATREG - Managing Natural Assets and Protected Areas as Sustainable Regional Development Opportunities Development Regional Sustainable as Areas Protected and Assets Natural Managing - NATREG Istituto per la Conservazione della Natura della Repubblica Slovena (capofila) Repubblica Slovena, Ministero dell'Ambiente e Pianificazione Territoriale Centro Regionale per l’Ambiente per l'Europa centrale e orientale Regione del Veneto, Direzione Pianificazione Territoriale e Strategica e U.P. Foreste e Parchi ARPA Emilia-Romagna Università di Klagenfurt, Dipartimento di Economia Ufficio di Stato del Governo della Stiria Ufficio del Governo di Carinzia, Dip. 20 Pianificazione Territoriale aree protette e Istituto Pubblico di Pianificazione ambientale della contea di Koprivnica sviluppo sostenibile Istituto pubblico di Gestione delle risorse naturali protette un piano per la conservazione della biodiversità Impresa pubblica Vojvodinašume e lo sviluppo dell’economia locale nel delta del po a cura di Tiziana Quaglia con Francesco Musco e Graziano Caramori hanno collaborato attivamente al progetto il Parco Regionale Veneto del Delta del Po ed il Parco Delta del Po dell’Emilia-Romagna AREE PROTETTE E SVILUPPO SOSTENIBILE UN PIANO PER LA CONSERVAZIONE DELLA BIODIVERSITÀ E LO SVILUPPO DELL’ECONOMIA LOCALE NEL DELTA DEL PO Il progetto NATREG è finanziato con i fondi del programma di cooperazione territoriale Sud Est Europa. Questa pubblicazione riflette le opinioni degli autori e le Autorità di Gestione del Programma Sud Est Europa non possono essere in alcun modo ritenute responsabili dell’utilizzo delle informazioni in essa contenute. Università IUAV di Venezia Tolentini, S. Croce, 191 30135 Venezia www.iuav.it ISBN 978-88-87697-58-2 prima edizione 2011 a cura di Tiziana Quaglia con Francesco Musco Copyright 2011 © Regione del Veneto Graziano Caramori Tutti i diritti sono riservati progetto grafico eimpaginazione Patchwork studiArchitettura Davide Longhi con Francesco Zampiero assistenza editoriale Federico L. Montanari Gianluca Ponte stampa Questo volume è stato realizzato con carta patinata Grafiche Veneziane, Venezia opaca certificata FSC - Forest Stewardship Council. La terra e l’ambiente sono una risorsa che è dovere di tutti tutelare e difende- re. La consapevolezza della loro importanza, acquisita negli ultimi decenni e faro di un’azione politico-amministrativa lungimirante e saggia, ha spinto anche l’Europa ad agire. Innanzitutto riconoscendo alle politiche per il territo- rio, in occasione delle due riunioni del Consiglio europeo prima a Lisbona e poi a Goteborg, un ruolo centrale nelle strategie di sviluppo futuro del nostro continente. Uno sviluppo che - come riporta il documento della Commissione UE “Europa 2020” - deve obbligatoriamente seguire la strada della sosteni- bilità e, aggiungo io, della responsabilità di ciascuno. La terra, la natura, ci hanno chiamati ad un atto di responsabilità cui, come Regione, non possiamo sottrarci. Se è vero infatti che tutelare l’ambiente richiede un ripensamento di strategie economiche di area vasta - necessarie anche per dimostrare che la crisi economica di questi anni ci ha insegnato davvero qualcosa -, è vero anche che esse consegnano alle Regioni il com- pito di pianificare e indirizzare lo sviluppo nel rispetto dell’ambiente, e quindi delle economie e delle tradizioni che lo mantengono vivo e lo rendono unico. L’Unione Europea ha fissato alcuni indirizzi politici e strumenti di tipo non legislativo in tal senso. Ed è partendo da questo quadro di riferimento che le regioni del Nord Italia hanno firmato la “Carta di Venezia” per lo sviluppo ter- ritoriale sostenibile della macro-regione Padana. Una regione attraversata dal fiume Po per un’estensione di oltre 71.000 chilometri quadrati, interes- sando 3.200 comuni e coinvolgendo 16 milioni di abitanti. Il delta è la sua parte più fragile, ma anche più ricca con i suoi paesaggi incantevoli, flora e fauna uniche, case e casolari così caratteristici e con un patrimonio di tradi- zioni e saperi antichi dei quali dobbiamo fare tesoro. Per questo, la Regione del Veneto ha deciso di partecipare al progetto di cooperazione territoriale NATREG e di lavorare attivamente per dare concretezza ad una strategia di sviluppo dell’area del Delta del Po. Gli strumenti per la gestione delle aree protette rappresentano un’arma in- sostituibile per la protezione della biodiversità, ma vanno anche utilizzati per trasformare la ricchezza della natura in opportunità nuove di sviluppo econo- mico e sociale. Il principale obiettivo di NATREG è proprio questo: esamina- re e promuovere il concetto di “capitale naturale” delle aree protette, perché esse possano restare le oasi di incontaminata bellezza che conosciamo e contribuire, allo stesso tempo, alla crescita di tutto il territorio circostante. Tutela e progresso, insieme, al servizio del territorio. Presidente della Regione del Veneto Venezia, Palazzo Balbi - sede della Giunta Regionale Luca Zaia I due Parchi regionali del Delta del Po, quello del Veneto e quello dell’Emilia- Romagna, condividono e gestiscono un territorio con opportunità e proble- matiche comuni ed è in un’ottica unitaria che va pianificato ogni intervento. Siamo di fronte ad un 'Paesaggio culturale', contenitore di processi biologici, ecologici, cognitivi, culturali ed economici che predominano i settori legati in- dissolubilmente alle risorse naturali, come l’Agricoltura, la Molluschicoltura, la Vallicoltura ed il Turismo. Com’è noto alcune di queste attività hanno radici e tradizioni secolari e fanno parte del prezioso patrimonio socio economico e culturale del Delta. L’attività congiunta dei due Parchi nell’ambito del progetto NATREG rappre- senta un’opportunità di miglioramento della qualità della vita delle comunità locali, anche attraverso la conservazione del patrimonio naturalistico, am- bientale e culturale che è, di fatto, il cuore pulsante del territorio e l’unico strumento che abbiamo per limitare, ridando ai sistemi ambientali lo spazio necessario per la loro evoluzione naturale, l’incombere degli effetti dei cam- biamenti climatici in atto e futuri. L’applicazione della strategia transnazionale proposta da NATREG ha con- sentito di sperimentare fattivamente, in modo condiviso, un modello di pia- nificazione partecipata con gli operatori locali tenendo conto del delicato e dinamico equilibrio tra uomo e ambiente. Questa importante azione congiunta, viene anche a collocarsi in un momen- to favorevole per la pianificazione territoriale e ambientale, poiché diversi strumenti di gestione e pianificazione sono in corso di definizione o aggior- namento, tra gli altri, i piani territoriali di Ferrara e Rovigo, il Piano d'Area del Delta Po Veneto, il Piano del Parco (o Ambientale) dell’Ente Parco Delta del Po Veneto, il Piano di Gestione della ZPS Delta Po e le “Misure di conser- vazione delle Zone di Protezione Speciale” per il Parco emiliano-romagnolo nell’ambito della rete Natura 2000. L’opportunità di istituire un parco nazionale o interregionale è stata esplorata in più occasioni negli anni passati. Con NATREG si è cercato di dare un contri- buto in tale direzione, attraverso una progettazione congiunta su un’area pilota situata al confine tra le due regioni, concentrando gli sforzi su nuove opportu- nità e migliori pratiche di sviluppo sostenibile, salvaguardando i valori naturali, ambientali, storici, culturali e antropologici del territorio unitamente alla promo- zione ed al sostegno delle attività economiche e produttive tradizionali. Presidente dell’Ente Parco Regionale Veneto del Delta del Po Geremia Gennari Ortofoto del Delta del Po - Fonte: U. P. Siste- Presidente dell’Ente Parco Regionale Delta del Po dell’Emilia-Romagna ma Informativo Territoriale e Cartografia, Re- gione del Veneto Massimo Medri indice nota del coordinatore 15 DELTA DEL PO: inquadramento generale 17 delta del po: lo sviluppo sostenibile attraverso la difesa della natura 19 aspetti normativi 23 contesto ambientale e socio-economico 29 pianificazione territoriale e ambientale: veneto ed emilia-romagna a confronto 39 buone pratiche: verso la valorizzazione delle aree protette 47 STRATEgIA DI COMUNICAZIONE 57 attività di divulgazione del progetto natreg 59 il complesso sistema degli attori locali: interessi ed aspettative 65 convegni e incontri 71 PIANO DI gESTIONE INTERREgIONALE PER L’AREA PILOTA 77 motivi della scelta dell’area pilota 79 analisi delle criticità e delle opportunità 83 reti ecologiche e pianificazione ambientale interregionale 91 valutazione economica del capitale naturale 107 coniugare la tutela con lo sviluppo: obiettivi e azioni 121 qUALE fUTURO PER IL DELTA DEL PO? IL CONTRIBUTO DI NATREg 137 un delta “al quadrato”: verso il parco interregionale 139 progetti per il futuro 143 APPENDICE 147 bibliografia 148 glossario 154 gruppo di lavoro 156 ringraziamenti 158 autori Tiziana Quaglia Regione del Veneto Direzione Pianificazione territoriale e strategica Irene Montanari Chiara Occhi Federico L. Montanari ARPA Emilia-Romagna Emanuela Finesso Ente Parco Regionale Veneto del Delta del Po Lucilla Previati Ente Parco Regionale del Delta del Po dell’Emilia-Romagna Enrico Murtula Consulente Ente Parco Regionale Veneto del Delta del Po Alberto Bortoluzzi Francesco Musco Elena Gissi Davide Ferro Gianluca Ponte Università IUAV di Venezia Facoltà di Pianificazione del Territorio Marco Meggiolaro Euris s.r.l. Graziano Caramori Cristina Barbieri Istituto Delta Ecologia Applicata s.r.l. Riccardo Santolini Università di Urbino “Carlo Bo” Dipartimento
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