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Zwei Neue Pseudolaelia-Arten Aus Der Region Um Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasilien Two New Pseudolaelia Species from the Diamantina Region, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Zwei Neue Pseudolaelia-Arten Aus Der Region Um Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasilien Two New Pseudolaelia Species from the Diamantina Region, Minas Gerais, Brazil Volume 3(21) 2017 Die Orchidee Journal der Deutschen Orchideen-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Orchideenkunde ISSN-Internet 2366-0643 Die Orchidee 3(21), 2017/E-Paper Inhalt 142 Die Orchidee Herausgeber: Deutsche Orchideen-Gesellschaft e. V. Im Zinnstück 2 65527 Niedernhausen/Ts. Deutschland E-Mail: [email protected] Fon: 06127 7057704 Fax: 06127 920329 www.orchidee.de/e-paper/taxonomische-mitteilungen Ausgabedatum: 31.12.2017 Verantwortliche Redakteurin: Bärbel Röth Vol. 3, Nummer 21, 2017 Inhalt: Zwei neue Pseudolaelia-Arten aus der Region um Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasilien Two new Pseudolaelia species from the Diamantina region, Minas Gerais, Brazil Vitorino Paiva CASTRO NETO, Euler da Luz FERNANDES MENEZES, Manfred SPECKMAIER 141 – 152 Titelbild: Pseudolaelia blahae Foto: P. Blaha ISSN-Internet 2366-0643 143 Pseudolaelia diamantinensis/Pdla. blahae Die Orchidee 3(21 ), 2017/E-Paper Taxonomische Mitteilungen Zwei neue Pseudolaelia-Arten aus der Region um Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasilien Two new Pseudolaelia species from the Diamantina region, Minas Gerais, Brazil Key words: Pseudolaelia diamantinensis, Pdla. blahae, Pdla. vellozicola, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasilien Zusammenfassung: Pseudolaelia diamantinensis und Pdla. blahae, zwei neue Arten aus Brasilien, werden beschrieben und illustriert. Abstract: Pseudolaelia diamantinensis and Pdla. blahae, two new species from Brazil, are described and illustrated. Vitorino Paiva Castro Neto Euler da Luz FERNANDES MENEZES Manfred Speckmaier Rua Vicente Galafassi, 549, Travessa 1° de maio 29 A B. Vila Rennweg, 14 CEP: 09770-480 – SBC (SP), Brasil Operária Diamantina (MG) – CEP: 1030 Wien 39100 – 000 Österreich Der Botaniker studiert Der Autor studiert Der Autor, geboren seit über 30 Jahren Biologie an der in Venezuela, begann die Orchideen seiner Universidade Fe- mit 12 Jahren Or- Heimat und ist Autor deral dos Vales do chideen zu züchten zahlreicher Neube- Jequitinhonha e und zu sammeln. Er schreibungen. Er ver- Mucuri (UFVJM), der gehört zum Mitarbei- fasste "Icones Orchi- Staatlichen Univer- terstab des Botani- dacearum Brasiliens- sität von Jequitin- schen Gartens der es" Bände I (Mitautor), honha und Mucuri Universität Wien und II und III, die systematische Studien Valley, und ist Co-Autor der Erstbe- ist seit 2011 Obmann der Wiener brasilianischer Arten wie Bifrenaria, schreibung von Hoffmannseggella Orchideen-Gesellschaft. Als inter- Pabstia, Epidendrum, Cattleya und cruziana (V. P. CASTRO et E. MENEZES). national anerkannter Orchideen- Hoffmannseggella umfassen, sowie Sein besonderes Interesse liegt im experte ist er Autor und Co-Autor ein Kompendium über 34 Encyclia- Studium heimischer Orchideen- zahlreicher Artikel über tropische Arten. Derzeit arbeitet er an Band IV arten in Brasilien, vorwiegend im Orchideen und entdeckte mehrere der Icones. Bundesstaat Minas Gerais. neue Arten. Einführung: Pseudolaelia ist eine aus ca. 20 Arten bestehende Introduction: Pseudolaelia is a genus comprising of Gattung, die endemisch in Ostbrasilien vorkommen. Als ers- around 20 species, growing endemically in eastern te Art wurde 1935 Pseudolaelia vellozicola mit dem weitesten Brazil. Pseudolaelia vellozicola was the first of the spe- Verbeitungsgebiet und einer sehr variablen Blütenmorphologie cies to be described in 1935, it has the widest distribu- beschrieben. Die Pflanzen wachsen epiphytisch oder semi- tion and a very variable flower morphology. Typically, epiphytisch auf Vellozia-Arten (Gattung aus der Familie der the plants grow semi-epiphytic on Vellozia species Velloziaceae, der Baumliliengewächse), deren Blättern sie so (genus of the plant family Velloziaceae, the tree lilies), stark ähneln, dass sie nur mit Mühe in den Kronen der Vello- mimicking their leaves and making it difficult to spot zien zu entdecken sind. Manche Arten wachsen in trockenen them in the crowns of the bushes. Some species grow Graslandschaften (campos rupestres bzw. »rocky fields«) und in dry savanah-like and grassy landscapes, from sea savannenartigen Vegetationen von Meereshöhe bis 1 500 m. levels up to 1 500 m. Die Gattung ist gekennzeichnet durch lange Rhizomabschnitte zwi- The genus is characterized by long rhizomes between schen den Pseudobulben und durch ihren kletternden Wuchs. pseudobulbs and climbing growth habit. Die Orchidee 3(21), 2017/E-Paper Pseudolaelia diamantinensis/Pdla. blahae 144 Entdeckung der neuen Arten Pseudolaelia diamantinensis: 2011 wurden auf einem Inselberg (siehe S. 152) in den Espinhaço-Bergen, nahe Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Pflanzen der Gattung Pseudolaelia in den Kro- nen von Vellozia-Arten gefunden. Der Untergrund in dieser Region besteht aus Arenit-Gestein, die Vegetation aus niedriger Buschlandschaft, in der ver- schiedene Orchideen wachsen, meist Bulbophyllum und Epidendrum. Direkt auf der Felsoberfläche finden sich Bifre- naria, Hoffmannseggella, Encyclia und die seltene Constantia. Das Klima ist geprägt durch hohe Temperaturunter- schiede zwischen Tag und Nacht. Durch den nächtlichen Temperaturabfall auf Habitat Pseudolaelia blahae Foto: M. Speckmaier bis zu 15 °C kommt es zu Nebel- und Taubildung. Tagsüber steigt die Tempe- Discovery of the new species 15 °C, which leads to dew fall covering ratur im Sommer auf 35 °C, die relative Pseudolaelia diamantinensis: the ground and the plants. During the Luftfeuchte beträgt dann nur 35 %. Dies 2011, during a visit to an Inselberg (see daytime in summer, temperatures rise up führt zum vollständigen Abtrocknen der p. 152) in the Espinhaço mountains, near to 35 °C, with relative humidity dropping Pflanzen. Die Region besteht aus einem Diamantina, Minas Gerais, plants of a to 35 %, drying the plants completely. Plateau in etwa 1 000 m Höhe, das im Pseudolaelia species were found in the The region is situated on a plateau at Winter einer Trockenzeit ausgesetzt ist. crowns of the Vellozia bushes. The regi- around 1 000 m above sea level and is on is made up of arenite rock formations, subject to a dry winter period. Die Pflanzen ähneln im Habitus der weit amongst the bushy vegetation many verbreiteten Pseudolaelia vellozicola orchids are to be found, such as Bulbo- Vegetatively, the species resembles the und der im selben Bundesstaat sowie in phyllum and Epidendrum. On the surface widely distributed Pseudolaelia vellozico- Bahia wachsenden Pseudolaelia regen- of the rocks orchids like Bifrenaria, Ency- la and Pdla. regentii*, which also grows tii*. Sie waren zum Zeitpunkt der Ent- clia, Hoffmannseggella and the rare Con- in Minas Gerais, as well as in Bahia. The deckung in voller Blüte und blühten in stantia can be discovered. The climate in plants were in full bloom at the time of Kultur im Februar 2012. Nach eingehen- this region is characterized by a substan- discovery, cultivated plants flowered dem Studium der Literatur zeigte sich, tial drop of temperature at night down to again in February 2012, after careful ex- dass es sich dabei um eine neue Art amination of existing literature it became handelt, die mit Pseudolaelia vellozicola evident that it was a new species, related verwandt ist, aber deutliche Unterschie- to Pdla. vellozicola, but displaying dis- de in der Blütenmorphologie aufweist. tinct differences of flower morphology. Pseudolaelia blahae: Im Oktober 2016 Pseudolaelia blahae: In October 2016 wurde eine zweite Art entdeckt, die sich another new species was discovered, deutlich von Pseudolaelia vellozicola un- which was substantially different from terscheidet. Nahe dem Dorf Inhaí, das Pdla. vellozicola. In the vincinity of man über eine 20 km lange Schotterpis- the village of Inhaí, which can only be te erreichen kann, an einem flächenmä- reached through a 20 km gravel road, ßig kleinen Hang, übersät mit dornigen on a small hillside covered with thorny Bromelien, fanden sich im Halbschatten bromelias, well hidden Pseudolaelias unter Bäumen Pseudolaelien in den Kro- were found growing in partial shade un- nen niedrigwachsender Vellozien. der trees in the crowns of vellozias. Die gesammelten Pflanzen blühten im The collected plants flowered in culture März 2017 in Kultur und es stellte sich in Brazil in March 2017 and also turned heraus, dass eine weitere zuvor noch out to be a new species, not having nicht beschriebene Art gefunden wurde. been described before. ______________________ _______________________ *Pseudolaelia regentii wird auch synonym Pseudolaelia vellozicola auf/on Vellozia *Pseudolaelia regentii is also accepted zu Pdla. vellozicola betrachtet Foto: W. Barthlott as synonym of Pdla. vellozicola 145 Pseudolaelia diamantinensis/Pdla. blahae Die Orchidee 3(21), 2017/E-Paper Pseudolaelia diamantinensis V. P. CASTRO, E. L. F. MENEZES et SPECK- MAIER, spec. nov. Diagnosis: Specie haec Pseudolaelia vellozicola (HOEHNE) PORTO et BRADE similis, sed planta et floribus minoribus, labelli lobo medio ovato cum venae anterioribus, isthmo absens, labelli lobis lateralibus parvibus sub-quadratibus leviter incli- natibus, clinandrio cordiforme, carenae 5 lamelatae sub-quadratica in ambitu differt. Fluirit in cultura mense februario anni 2012. Typus: Brasil, Minas Gerais, Diamantina, collected by Euler MENEZES & V. P. CASTRO; No. 0160 (Holotipo SP) Diagnose: Die Art ähnelt Pseudolaelia vellozicola (HOEHNE) PORTO et BRADE, unterscheidet sich jedoch dadurch, dass die Pflanze und die Blüten kleiner sind, der Mittellappen oval ist mit Streifen in der vorderen Hälfte und fünf Lamellen (Fläche fast quadratisch) an der Basis, ohne Isthmus sowie durch kleinere, annähernd quadratische und leicht gebogene Seiten-
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