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Martin Gerbert: Priest, Prince, Scholar, and Musician Author(S): Fr Martin Gerbert: Priest, Prince, Scholar, and Musician Author(s): Fr. Niecks Source: The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular, Vol. 23, No. 477 (Nov. 1, 1882), pp. 585-588 Published by: Musical Times Publications Ltd. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3358187 Accessed: 17-06-2016 21:38 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Musical Times Publications Ltd. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular This content downloaded from 128.206.9.138 on Fri, 17 Jun 2016 21:38:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms THE MUSICAL TIMES. NOVEMBER I, I882. S85 Thanks to pious donations in the Erst centuries of its TH E M USICAL TI M ES existence, to advantageous purchases in the later ones, and to clever management at all times, there AND SINGING-CLASS CIRCULAR. grew out of this small beginning the famous and NOVEMBER I, I882. wealthy monastery the superior of which styled him- self, from I746 onward, " We, Prince of the Holy Ronlan Empire and Abbot of St. Blaise, in the Black MARTIN GERBERT: Forest, Lord of the imperial county of Bonndorf and PRIEST, PRINCE, SCHOLAR, AND MUSICIAN. of the outlying Austrian lordships of Staufen and Kirchhofen, as well as Gurtweil and Oberried, Here- BY FR. NIECKS. ditary Arch-chaplain of his Imperial Majesty in the UP to the middle of the last century the history outlying provinces, and President of the estate of of music remained in a very unsatisfactory condition. Prelates therein." Since then, however, this field of knowledge has been Into the school of the monastery, which had always cultivated with great diligence and thoroughness. enjoyed a good reputation, new life was infused, about To prove the superiority of the more modern his- the time of Gerbert's arrival, by some of the monks torians we have only to place side by side those who who, on returning from the Congregation of St. Maur wrote between I600 and I750 with those who wrote in Paris, whither they had been sent to complete their between I750 and the present day. On the one hand studies, brought with them to St. Blaise a profounder we find Michael Praetorius, Printz, Bontempi, and learning, a more elegant taste, and less pedantic Bonnet; on the other hand, Martini, Gerbert, Haw- methods than had previously been known there. kins, Burney, Forkel, Kiesewetter, Fetis, Winterfeld, Considering the studious and religious disposition of Coussemaker, Ambros, and an endless number of the youth, it is not to be wondered at that what he biographers and monographists. These names may saw and heard in the monastery made so favourable be safely left to speak for themselves. Among the an impression upon him as to induce him, in I736, to later group of historians there is none to whom we enter the Order. His novitiate was not of long dura- are more indebted for the firm foundation on which tion. Already on September 28, I737, at the age of the present generation of historians is building than seventeen, he made his monastic profession, and on to Martin Gerbert. A biographical sketch of this May 30, I744, he was ordained priest. remarkable man rezlarkable, as we shall see, in Martin Gerbert's talents and love of learning more than one respect may, therefore, not be un- which had been the admiration of his fellow-students rvelcome to the reader, although historians, especially and teachers, did not remain unnoticed by Abbot those of the severer type, do not inspire so lively a Meinrad, who appointed the young monk professor, personal interest as composers, singers, and players. first of philosophy and then of theology, to which The following facts (in part as yet but little latter charge was soon after adde(l that of librarian. known) I have derived from various sources, of which During the ten years he held the professorship, the most important are Friedrich Schlichtegroll's his chief attention was naturally given to theology. " Nekrolog auf das Jahr I793," and Professor Indeed, the twenty-two volumes published by him up Sander's " Reise zu St. Blasien, um Michaelis I78I," to I766 contain exclusively theological works, eight in Johann Bernoulli's collection of short accounts of of them forming a complete system of theology, travels. Next in importance are the article " Martin treating respectively of the principles of exegetical Gerbert," in Gerber's " Lexicon der Tonkunstler " symbolical, mystical, canonical, dogmatical, moral, (I790), Ch. F. Nicolai's " Beschreibung einer Reise sacramental, and liturgical theology. But whilst durch Deutschland und die Schweiz " (vol. xii.; devoting himself mainly to this branch of know- Berlin, I796), and Von Bocklin's " Beytrage zur Ge- ledge, Martin Gerbert did not neglect the others. As schichte der Musik, besonders in Deutschland " (Frey- a student he had not only diligently pursued the special burg im Breisgau, I790). Joseph Bader's " Furst- theological studies, but also cultivated lovingly the abt Martin Gerbert von S. Blasien " (Freiburg im Roman and Greek olassics, Hebrew, history, modern Breisgau, I875), though not free from errors, espe- languages, and music; and now as librarian he cially in the bibliographical data, is a very interesting availed himself of the advantages of his position, and useful publication treating, however, at greater and made strenuous researches into the ecclesiastical length of the history of the monastery of St. Blaise and secular history of the middle ages. The rich than of the biography of Martin Gerbert, discussing resources of the library of St. Blaise, however, could lnore fully political and theological than musical not supply all the information needed for the realisa- matters. It would take up too much space to men- tion of his projected works on the old Alemannic tion all the other works I have consulted; the titles liturgy and on sacred music from the earliest age of the of some of them, however, will be given in the course Church to his own time. Hence the desire grew upon of this sketch. him to consult other storehouses of books and monu- Martin Gerbert, a descendant of the patrician ments. " Having made up my mind," he wrote some family the Gerberts of Hornau, which at the time years after, " to publish an account of the ancient of the Reformation left Basle and settled at Horb liturgy which long ago had been in use in the on the Neckar, was born in the latter town, where principal and Erst countries of Germany which em- his parents lived in " humble estate" (in gemeine?n braced Christianity these being the only Catholic Stande), on August IX, I720. After haviE got, at countries of which such an account does not exist- home and in the school of his native place, a thorough it appeared to me necessary that I should visit grounding in reading, writing, arithmetic, religion, Alemannia." The prospect of literary fame to be and also music, he was sent Erst to a school at gained by the monastery would probably have proved Ehingen on the Danube, then to the Latin School at a sufficiently powerful motive to incline the superior Freiburg in the Breisgau, next to Klingenau in the to give a promising member of the community leave Aargau, and lastly to St. Blaise in the Black Forest. to travel; but there was another motive which no The origin of the last-mentioned monastic esta- doubt urged him still more strongly to favour Martin blishment dates, according to tradition, as far back as the time of the Merovingian Kings, when some * It was the Arch-chaplain's duty to betake himself, as often as any anchorites, whom want and danger had driven to- member or members of the Imperial family came into these provinces, to their temporary residence, celebrate mass, say grace at table, and gether, built a cell and chapel on the Steinbach. perforrn any other priestly office that circumstances might call for This content downloaded from 128.206.9.138 on Fri, 17 Jun 2016 21:38:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms THE MUSICAL TIMES.- NOVEMBER I, I882. 586 Gerbert's wishes. Old Abbot Meinrad had perceived Ferrara I went to Bologna, where I called at once that this monk was possessed of gifts and graces on Giovanni Battista Martini, of the Order of St. which Etted him for more important and more diffi- Francis. Many matters concerning the history ofa cult offices than those of professor and librarian; music we had already discussed by letter. We and as nature seemed to have designated him his divided the labour amicably between us, so that he successor he began to regard him as such, made him undertook the investigation of the history of music early acquainted with the administration of aSairs, generally, but I particularly that of sacred music and now consented readily to his favourite going from the earliest age of the Church down to the present abroad, which was the best means of acquiring a time. I was astonished at the number of I7,000 knowledge of men and the ways of the world, and an authors on the theory and practice of music which excellent preparation for the duties of prince and this industrious man has collected.
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