Newsletter 2020 August
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"Pollinator Paradise" Garden at Chatham Mills
"Pollinator Paradise" Garden at Chatham Mills Created by Debbie Roos, North Carolina Cooperative Extension 206 species, 85% of them native to North Carolina More info at www.carolinapollinatorgarden.org Common Name Scientific Name Origin Perennial Flowers Yarrow Achillea millefolium 'Moonshine' NC Yarrow Achillea millefolium 'Paprika' NC Mexican giant hyssop Agastache mexicana 'Acapulco Orange' Mexico Anise hyssop Agastache x 'Blue Fortune' hybrid of U.S. native Mexican hyssop Agastache x 'Grape Nectar' Mexico Hummingbird mint Agastache x 'Red Happiness' southwest U.S. Licorice hyssop Agastache rupestris southwest U.S. Nodding onion Allium cernuum NC Dwarf indigo bush Amorpha herbacea NC Arkansas bluestar Amsonia hubrichtii Arkansas, Oklahoma Bluestar Amsonia tabernaemontana NC Tall anemone Anemone virginiana NC Eastern wild columbine Aquilegia canadensis NC Golden columbine Aquilegia chrysantha southwest U.S. Common leopardbane Arnica acaulis NC Swamp milkweed Asclepias incarnata NC Purple milkweed Asclepias purpurascens NC Common Name Scientific Name Origin Red milkweed Asclepias rubra NC Common milkweed Asclepias syriaca NC Butterfly weed Asclepias tuberosa NC Redring milkweed Asclepias variegata NC Whorled milkweed Asclepias verticillata NC Dwarf Tartarian aster Aster tataricus 'Jin Dai' exotic Wild indigo Baptisia x 'Carolina Moonlight' NC Wild indigo Baptisia x 'Purple Smoke' NC White wild indigo Baptisia alba NC Dwarf wild indigo Baptisia minor NC Downy wood mint Blephilia ciliata NC Decurrent false aster Boltonia decurrens central U.S. Bush's poppy mallow Callirhoe bushii central U.S. Fringed poppy mallow Callirhoe digitata central U.S. Prairie poppy mallow Callirhoe involucrata central U.S. Clustered poppy mallow Callirhoe triangulata NC Pink turtlehead Chelone lyonii NC Maryland golden aster Chrysopis mariana NC Field thistle Cirsium discolor NC Curlyheads Clematis ochroleuca NC Wild ageratum/mistflower Conoclinium coelestinum NC Palmleaf thoroughwort Conoclinium greggii southwest U.S. -
Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese -
Vascular Plants of Williamson County Callirhoe Pedata (Hooker) A. Gray
Vascular Plants of Williamson County Callirhoe pedata − FINGER POPPYMALLOW [Malvaceae] Callirhoe pedata (Hooker) A. Gray, FINGER POPPYMALLOW. Perennial herb, with storage taproot, rosetted, several-stemmed at base, with ascending to spreading branches, in range to 50 cm tall; shoots with to 5 basal leaves and < 5 cauline leaves, sparsely hairy mostly with unbranched hairs to 2 mm long; taproot of large plant sometimes 15+ mm diameter. Stems: initially inconspicuously low-ridged aging cylindric, to 4 mm diameter, ridges descending from stipules, tough, green tissue and often glaucous (appearing grayish green), upper portion often glabrous and lower portion with widely spaced pilose or approaching inflorescence pilose and with short stellate hairs having appressed arms (to 4-armed). Leaves: helically alternate, deeply palmately lobed with 5 or 7 (3) principal lobes, long- petiolate (most leaves) to subsessile or sessile (the uppermost cauline leaf and bracts), with stipules; stipules 2, attached diagonally at node beneath petiole, suberect later relaxed, asymmetric to symmetric ovate, 5.5−9 × 2.3−7 mm, often unequal in pairs, green and glaucous, large side with basal lobe and often having a shoulder below midpoint, ciliate on margins with unbranched hairs, acute at tip, with 7+ veins at base, ± persistent; petiole channeled, to 120 mm long (basal leaves) decreasing upward, on lower plant petiole > blade, tough, glabrous or with pilose hairs on edges; blade mostly roundish in outline with radiating principal lobes, in range 22−60 mm, appearing cordate at base, lobes somewhat fan-shaped with sublobes to 10 mostly arising at midpoint, most leaves with lobes and sublobes linear, slender, and channeled, sublobes on lower basal leaf oblong if long and obtuse at tip, terminal lobe to 35 × 25 mm, adjacent lobes similar but not as wide, short- ciliate to pilose-ciliate on margins, palmately veined at base with principal vein to each lobe raised on lower surface, surfaces glabrous or with scattered, short stellate hairs having appressed arms. -
Lindheimer Chapter
Native Plant Society of Texas Lindheimer Chapter Plant of the Month November, 2011 Prairie Flameleaf Sumac, Rhus lanceolata Flower Fruit USDA Range Map: Texas Prairie Flameleaf Sumac – Fall Color Prairie Flameleaf Sumac is named for (and known for) its brilliant red and orange fall foliage. A large shrub or small tree, growing 20 to 30 feet tall, it is a great ornamental that has some of the best fall color in Central Texas. Besides its great fall color, it also has large plumes of white flowers in summer, followed by clusters of red fruit in the fall. The fruit are an important food source for many species of birds and small mammals. If you can collect the fruit before the animals get to it, it makes a high Vitamin C drink that has a lemony flavor. Prairie Flameleaf Sumac is found in Central and West Texas in rocky limestone hillsides and grasslands. In our area it is frequently seen along roadsides. As is obvious from the locations where it is found, this is a tough plant that can withstand heat, drought and cold. Although it can sucker and form thickets, it is not as aggressive as several East Texas Sumac cousins (Shining Sumac, R. copallina, also called Flameleaf Sumac, and Smooth Sumac, R. glabra). It is available in nurseries that specialize in native plants. Protect it from deer when first planted and give it supplemental water for the first year or two, until it is well established. After that it is drought tolerant. Text by John Siemssen. Photos by Sally and Andy Wasowski and Joseph A. -
Arbor Day in South Africa Champion Trees Project How Can You Help To
What about planting a tree? Raise awareness of South Africa’s urban and rural greening initiatives. Trees and climate change Promoting better understanding of trees, particularly indigenous trees The idea for Arbor Day originally came and fruit trees. It is now well known that global climate is changing and that it is likely to from Nebraska. When visiting the state continue changing for many years to come. Climate change brings about today one would not find evidence that Highlight the important role trees play in sustainable development and unusual weather, droughts, floods, melting of the permanent ice of the the area was once a treeless plain. the livelihoods of people and their environment . north and south poles as well as rising ocean levels. All this is the result Yes it was a lack of trees there that led of air pollution caused by human activities. to the founding of Arbor Week Encourage communities to participate in various greening activities One of the main pollutants responsible for this phenomenon is the in the 1800s. within their own surroundings. greenhouse gas Carbon Dioxide (CO2). Greenhouse gasses have the ability to trap the sun’s heat in the atmosphere and so prevent the earth Arbor Day in South Africa Furthermore, the aim is to encourage people to plant trees at various from cooling down. This is referred to as the greenhouse effect, which is places so that they are not lost to us and future generations. Indigenous important for maintaining life on earth, but which is also very dangerous Historically, South Africa did not have a culture of tree planting and it was trees are a heritage to our society. -
Bioreactor Cultivation of Zeltnera Beyrichii (Torr
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Rec. Nat. Prod . 7:4 (2013) 266-280 Bioreactor Cultivation of Zeltnera beyrichii (Torr. & A. Gray) Mans.: A Novel Source of Biologically Active Compounds Miloš Radovi ć, Branislav Šiler ∗∗∗, Jasmina Nestorovi ć Živkovi ć, Tijana Banjanac, Suzana Živkovi ć, Miloš Nikoli ć, Marina Sokovi ć and Danijela Miši ć Institute for Biological Research, “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bul. despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia (Received February 27, 2013; Revised June 14, 2013; Accepted July 8, 2013) Abstract: With regard to world’s increasing demand for biologically active compounds, a novel source of xanthones and secoiridoid glycosides has been studied. Zeltnera beyrichii (Torr. & A. Gray) Mans., an insufficiently acknowledged North American medicinal plant species, may be considered a pharmacological substitute for commercial C. erythraea Rafn, since it accumulates in aerial parts nearly the same amount of secoiridoid glycosides: swertiamarin, gentiopicrin, and sweroside (13.76, 7.56, and 0.17 mmol per 100 g dry weight, respectively) in plants grown under greenhouse condition, and a considerable amount of xanthones: decussatin and eustomin. Additionally, Z. beyrichii produced as much biomass during cultivation in RITA® temporary immersion bioreactors as greenhouse-grown plants, in a third of the time. Plants grown in bioreactors contained moderate levels of total phenolics and total flavonoids, and possessed modest antioxidant activity and antimicrobial potential against eight bacterial and eight fungal species. Therefore, this species may be highly recommended for cultivation either in natural environment, or in bioreactors under in vitro conditions, for producing compounds of interest of modern pharmacology and food industry. Keywords: Zelnera beyrichii; temporary immersion bioreactors; secoiridoid glycosides; xanthones; antioxidant activity; antimicrobial activity. -
Santa Fe National Forest
Chapter 1: Introduction In Ecological and Biological Diversity of National Forests in Region 3 Bruce Vander Lee, Ruth Smith, and Joanna Bate The Nature Conservancy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY We summarized existing regional-scale biological and ecological assessment information from Arizona and New Mexico for use in the development of Forest Plans for the eleven National Forests in USDA Forest Service Region 3 (Region 3). Under the current Planning Rule, Forest Plans are to be strategic documents focusing on ecological, economic, and social sustainability. In addition, Region 3 has identified restoration of the functionality of fire-adapted systems as a central priority to address forest health issues. Assessments were selected for inclusion in this report based on (1) relevance to Forest Planning needs with emphasis on the need to address ecosystem diversity and ecological sustainability, (2) suitability to address restoration of Region 3’s major vegetation systems, and (3) suitability to address ecological conditions at regional scales. We identified five assessments that addressed the distribution and current condition of ecological and biological diversity within Region 3. We summarized each of these assessments to highlight important ecological resources that exist on National Forests in Arizona and New Mexico: • Extent and distribution of potential natural vegetation types in Arizona and New Mexico • Distribution and condition of low-elevation grasslands in Arizona • Distribution of stream reaches with native fish occurrences in Arizona • Species richness and conservation status attributes for all species on National Forests in Arizona and New Mexico • Identification of priority areas for biodiversity conservation from Ecoregional Assessments from Arizona and New Mexico Analyses of available assessments were completed across all management jurisdictions for Arizona and New Mexico, providing a regional context to illustrate the biological and ecological importance of National Forests in Region 3. -
Vascular Plants and a Brief History of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands
United States Department of Agriculture Vascular Plants and a Brief Forest Service Rocky Mountain History of the Kiowa and Rita Research Station General Technical Report Blanca National Grasslands RMRS-GTR-233 December 2009 Donald L. Hazlett, Michael H. Schiebout, and Paulette L. Ford Hazlett, Donald L.; Schiebout, Michael H.; and Ford, Paulette L. 2009. Vascular plants and a brief history of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS- GTR-233. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 44 p. Abstract Administered by the USDA Forest Service, the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands occupy 230,000 acres of public land extending from northeastern New Mexico into the panhandles of Oklahoma and Texas. A mosaic of topographic features including canyons, plateaus, rolling grasslands and outcrops supports a diverse flora. Eight hundred twenty six (826) species of vascular plant species representing 81 plant families are known to occur on or near these public lands. This report includes a history of the area; ethnobotanical information; an introductory overview of the area including its climate, geology, vegetation, habitats, fauna, and ecological history; and a plant survey and information about the rare, poisonous, and exotic species from the area. A vascular plant checklist of 816 vascular plant taxa in the appendix includes scientific and common names, habitat types, and general distribution data for each species. This list is based on extensive plant collections and available herbarium collections. Authors Donald L. Hazlett is an ethnobotanist, Director of New World Plants and People consulting, and a research associate at the Denver Botanic Gardens, Denver, CO. -
Euclea Undulata Herba
EUCLEA UNDULATA HERBA Definition alternate, leathery-granular in texture, often rust-coloured when young due to the Euclea Undulata Herba consists of the fresh presence of red-brown glands, entire, or dried leaves of Euclea undulata Thunb. obovate to oblanceolate, with undulate var. myrtina (Burch.) Hiern and var. undulata margin; flowers (Dec-Apr) white to cream, (Ebenaceae). fragrant, borne in axillary racemes of 5-7 individuals, ovary scaly; fruit a globose Synonyms fleshy berry 4-6mm in diameter, red becoming purple or black when ripe. E. myrtina Burch. E. undulata Thunb. Vernacular names Ghwarrie (Afr.), guarri, umgwali (Xh.); mokoerekoere (Se.); gwanxe, inkunzane, umshekizane, umbophanyamazane (Z); ihlangula (Sd) Description1 Macroscopical Figure 2 – line drawing Figure 1 – Live plant Erect dense twiggy evergreen dioecious shrubs, 0.75-5m high, or trees to 7m high, stem or trunk 2-15 cm in diameter, bark grey scaly; branchlets much divided and densely covered with leaves; leaves subopposite to 1 De Winter, B. (1963). The genus Euclea. Flora of Southern Africa 26: 82-99. Microscopical Province to Komga in the Eastern Cape while var. myrtina (small leaved ghwarrie) is found in Namibia, the Northern Cape, Northwest and Northern Provinces, entering KwaZulu-Natal through Mpumalanga and Swaziland. Quality standards Identity tests Thin layer chromatography on silica gel using as solvent a mixture of toluene:diethyl ether:1.75M acetic acid (1:1:1). Reference compound cineole (0,1% in chloroform). Method according to Appendix 2a. Rf values -
SAN DIEGO COUNTY NATIVE PLANTS in the 1830S
SAN DIEGO COUNTY NATIVE PLANTS IN THE 1830s The Collections of Thomas Coulter, Thomas Nuttall, and H.M.S. Sulphur with George Barclay and Richard Hinds James Lightner San Diego Flora San Diego, California 2013 SAN DIEGO COUNTY NATIVE PLANTS IN THE 1830s Preface The Collections of Thomas Coulter, Thomas Nuttall, and Our knowledge of the natural environment of the San Diego region H.M.S. Sulphur with George Barclay and Richard Hinds in the first half of the 19th century is understandably vague. Referenc- es in historical sources are limited and anecdotal. As prosperity peaked Copyright © 2013 James Lightner around 1830, probably no more than 200 inhabitants in the region could read and write. At most one or two were trained in natural sciences or All rights reserved medicine. The best insights we have into the landscape come from nar- No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form ratives of travelers and the periodic reports of the missions’ lands. They without permission in writing from the publisher. provide some idea of the extent of agriculture and the general vegeta- tion covering surrounding land. ISBN: 978-0-9749981-4-5 The stories of the visits of United Kingdom naturalists who came in Library of Congress Control Number: 2013907489 the 1830s illuminate the subject. They were educated men who came to the territory intentionally to examine the flora. They took notes and col- Cover photograph: lected specimens as botanists do today. Reviewing their contributions Matilija Poppy (Romneya trichocalyx), Barrett Lake, San Diego County now, we can imagine what they saw as they discovered plants we know. -
Butterflies of Citrus County and Host Plants
Butterflies of Citrus County ~---4- --•;... ____ - Family I Species Host plant Hesperiidae SkipQers Phocides Qigmalion Mangrove Skipper ~mangrove herbs, vines, shrubs, and trees in the pea family (Fabaceae) including false indigobush (Amorpha fruticosa L.), American hogpeanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata [L.) Fernald), Atlantic pidgeonwings or butterfly pea (Clitoria mariana L.), groundnut (Apios ~vreus clarus Silver-spotted Skip~ americana Medik.), American wisteria (Wisteria frutescens [L.) Poir.) and the introduced Dixie ticktrefoil (Desmodium tortuosum [Sw.] DC.), kudzu (Pueraria montana [Lour.] Merr.), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis [Sims) DC.) and a variety of other legumes Urbanus prqJg_µs Long-t~.Ued SkiQpec vine legumes including various beans (Phaseolus), hog peanuts (Amphicarpa bracteata), beggar's ticks (Desmodium), blue peas (Clitoria), and wisteria (Wisteria) Various legumes inclu ding wild and cu ltivated beans (Phaseolus), begga r's ticks Urbanus dorantes Dorantes Longtail (Desmodium), and bl ue peas (Clit oria ) -· Beggar\'s ticks (Desmodium); occasionally false indigo (Baptisia) and bush clover Achalarus ly-ciades Hoar.y_r;_ggg {Lespedeza); all in the pea family {Fabaceae) - pea family (Fabaceae) including beggar's ticks (Desmodium), bush clover (Lespedeza), Thor'lbes P'llades Northern Cloud'lwing clover (Trifolium), lotus (Hosackia), and others. -----· Thory-bes bathy-llus Southern Cloudywing Potato bean, Apios americana. Ozark milkvetch, Astragalus distortus var. engelmanni ~ ---- Lespedezas (Lespedeza spp .) are reported as well as Florida Hoarypea (Tephrosia l ibQr:_y_bes confusis Confused Cloudy-wing florid a) . -· -- -------- Staphy:lus hayhurst_ii Ha yh u r?J?-5.IAJ.\QQ Wi ri_g Lambsquart ers {Che nopodium) in the goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae ), and occasiona lly chaff flower (Alternanthera) in the pigweed family (Amaranthaceae). -
Illustrated Flora of East Texas Illustrated Flora of East Texas
ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS IS PUBLISHED WITH THE SUPPORT OF: MAJOR BENEFACTORS: DAVID GIBSON AND WILL CRENSHAW DISCOVERY FUND U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE FOUNDATION (NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, USDA FOREST SERVICE) TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT SCOTT AND STUART GENTLING BENEFACTORS: NEW DOROTHEA L. LEONHARDT FOUNDATION (ANDREA C. HARKINS) TEMPLE-INLAND FOUNDATION SUMMERLEE FOUNDATION AMON G. CARTER FOUNDATION ROBERT J. O’KENNON PEG & BEN KEITH DORA & GORDON SYLVESTER DAVID & SUE NIVENS NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY OF TEXAS DAVID & MARGARET BAMBERGER GORDON MAY & KAREN WILLIAMSON JACOB & TERESE HERSHEY FOUNDATION INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT: AUSTIN COLLEGE BOTANICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF TEXAS SID RICHARDSON CAREER DEVELOPMENT FUND OF AUSTIN COLLEGE II OTHER CONTRIBUTORS: ALLDREDGE, LINDA & JACK HOLLEMAN, W.B. PETRUS, ELAINE J. BATTERBAE, SUSAN ROBERTS HOLT, JEAN & DUNCAN PRITCHETT, MARY H. BECK, NELL HUBER, MARY MAUD PRICE, DIANE BECKELMAN, SARA HUDSON, JIM & YONIE PRUESS, WARREN W. BENDER, LYNNE HULTMARK, GORDON & SARAH ROACH, ELIZABETH M. & ALLEN BIBB, NATHAN & BETTIE HUSTON, MELIA ROEBUCK, RICK & VICKI BOSWORTH, TONY JACOBS, BONNIE & LOUIS ROGNLIE, GLORIA & ERIC BOTTONE, LAURA BURKS JAMES, ROI & DEANNA ROUSH, LUCY BROWN, LARRY E. JEFFORDS, RUSSELL M. ROWE, BRIAN BRUSER, III, MR. & MRS. HENRY JOHN, SUE & PHIL ROZELL, JIMMY BURT, HELEN W. JONES, MARY LOU SANDLIN, MIKE CAMPBELL, KATHERINE & CHARLES KAHLE, GAIL SANDLIN, MR. & MRS. WILLIAM CARR, WILLIAM R. KARGES, JOANN SATTERWHITE, BEN CLARY, KAREN KEITH, ELIZABETH & ERIC SCHOENFELD, CARL COCHRAN, JOYCE LANEY, ELEANOR W. SCHULTZE, BETTY DAHLBERG, WALTER G. LAUGHLIN, DR. JAMES E. SCHULZE, PETER & HELEN DALLAS CHAPTER-NPSOT LECHE, BEVERLY SENNHAUSER, KELLY S. DAMEWOOD, LOGAN & ELEANOR LEWIS, PATRICIA SERLING, STEVEN DAMUTH, STEVEN LIGGIO, JOE SHANNON, LEILA HOUSEMAN DAVIS, ELLEN D.