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Statistik & Info-Media (Bda) SEKRETARIAT DAN JAWATANKUASA KHAS DOSM MENANGANI COVID-19: STATISTIK & INFO-MEDIA (BDA) BIL 50/2020 RUJUKAN : 14-15 MEI 2020 RINGKASAN LIPUTAN BERITA MUTAKHIR WABAK COVID-19 DAN KESAN KEPADA EKONOMI 1. PENDAHULUAN Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) yang telah berkuatkuasa sejak 18 Mac 2020 dan seterusnya dilanjutkan sebagai Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan Bersyarat (PKPB) telah membantu memberi ruang bagi pihak Kerajaan melaksanakan pelbagai aktiviti dan tindakan Kesihatan Awam untuk membendung penularan COVID-19. Antara tindakan proaktif yang dilaksanakan adalah menerusi pengawalan pintu keluar masuk antarabangsa, pengesanan kes secara aktif (Active Case Detection) dan Pendekatan Tertumpu (Targeted Approach) bagi kumpulan yang berisiko tinggi. Keberhasilan usaha ini juga mempunyai kebergantungan yang tinggi terhadap setiap lapisan masyarakat dengan membudayakan Kebiasaan Baharu bagi memerangi jangkitan berterusan di dalam negara. Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia memaklumkan pada 15 Mei 2020 kumulatif kes sembuh bertambah kepada 5,439 atau 79.3 peratus daripada keseluruhan kes berbanding 1,304 kes yang masih aktif. Sementara itu, sebanyak 36 kes baharu direkodkan dan menjadikan jumlah jangkitan positif meningkat kepada 6,855 kes. Sebanyak 28 kes daripada catatan baharu tersebut dikesan melibatkan jangkitan dari kalangan bukan warganegara. Kawasan Lembah Klang mendominasi kumulatif kes positif dengan menyumbang sebanyak 47.0 peratus, Zon Selatan (24.2 peratus), Wilayah Malaysia Timur (13.0 peratus), Zon Pantai Timur (8.7 peratus) dan Zon Utara (7.1 peratus). Di peringkat negeri, pertambahan kes harian baharu antaranya adalah menerusi catatan di W.P Kuala Lumpur dengan merekodkan 15 kes disusuli Selangor sebanyak 14 kes, Pahang (5 kes) manakala Melaka dan Negeri Sembilan masing-masing dengan catatan satu (1) kes baharu. Secara umumnya, tiada penambahan kes positif dicatatkan bagi 9 buah negeri termasuk dua (2) Wilayah Persekutuan. Selain itu, sejumlah 112 kes kematian telah dilaporkan sehingga kini dengan tiada kematian terbaharu seperti pada Jadual 1. Statistik pecahan kumulatif kes aktif mengikut daerah menunjukkan 8 daerah dikategorikan sebagai zon merah (41 kes ke atas). Sehingga 14 Mei 2020, kawasan yang masih merekodkan catatan kes aktif melepasi 100 kes adalah Rembau dengan catatan 161 kes. Sementara itu, sejumlah 122 daerah dan kawasan berada dalam kelompok zon hijau atau tanpa kes aktif. Semua daerah di Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis, Pulau Pinang dan W.P Labuan kekal dengan tiada catatan rekod kes aktif sekurang- kurangnya dalam tempoh 19 hari. Jumlah jangkitan COVID-19 di peringkat global telah meningkat kepada 4,437,442 kes dengan melibatkan 302,025 kematian. Amerika Syarikat (AS) mendominasi bilangan kes positif sebanyak 1,416,528 kes disusuli oleh Rusia dengan 252,245 kes SEKRETARIAT DAN JAWATANKUASA KHAS DOSM MENANGANI COVID-19: STATISTIK & INFO- MEDIA (BDA) Page 2 dan United Kingdom (234,439 kes). Secara umumnya, sebanyak 6 negara telah merekodkan kes positif melebihi 200 ribu kes. Di peringkat ASEAN, Singapura merekodkan 26,098 kes jangkitan mengatasi beberapa negara anggota antaranya Indonesia (16,006 kes), Filipina (11,876 kes) termasuk Malaysia (6,855 kes). Sementara itu, 28.4 peratus daripada keseluruhan kes kematian dunia akibat jangkitan wabak ini didominasi oleh Amerika Syarikat diikuti United Kingdom yang menyumbang 11.2 peratus dan Itali (10.4 peratus). Jumlah kes sembuh yang direkodkan telah menjangkau 1/3 daripada jumlah kes dunia iaitu 1,585,286 kes dengan peratusan sebanyak 35.73 peratus seperti pada Jadual 2. Kejutan ekonomi global berikutan impak penularan pandemik ini sangat mempengaruhi sebahagian besar ekonomi negara di dunia. Beberapa petikan perkongsian headlines daripada pelbagai sumber memberikan butiran pasaran buruh dan ekonomi antarabangsa seperti berikut; AS: Indeks harga import dan eksport menunjukkan penurunan mendadak pada bulan April 2020. Laporan yang dikeluarkan oleh Labor Department menunjukkan penurunan mendadak pada harga import dan eksport di AS pada bulan April 2020. Agensi tersebut melaporkan, harga import jatuh -2.6 peratus pada bulan April setelah jatuh sebanyak -2.4 peratus (disemak semula) pada bulan Mac 2020. Penurunan ini adalah lebih rendah berbanding ramalan penganalisis ekonomi pada kadar -3.1 peratus. Penurunan harga import yang mendadak terjadi apabila harga untuk import bahan bakar mengalami penurunan sebanyak -31.5 peratus pada bulan April berbanding penurunan -26.0 peratus pada bulan sebelumnya. Tidak termasuk bahan bakar, harga import turun marginal -0.5 peratus berbanding kosong peratus pada bulan sebelumnya yang mencerminkan harga yang lebih rendah untuk bekalan dan bahan industri, makanan & minuman, dan barangan pengguna. Sementara itu, laporan tersebut menunjukkan harga eksport merosot -3.3 peratus berbanding penurunan -1.7 peratus (disemak semula) pada bulan Mac 2020. (RTT) EU: Inflasi Jerman turun lebih rendah daripada yang dianggarkan. Inflasi Jerman menurun pada bulan April 2020 ke kadar yang terendah sejak 2016. Penurunan ini sebahagian besarnya disebabkan oleh harga tenaga yang lebih rendah di tengah penularan pandemik COVID-19. Inflasi harga pengguna menurun kurang dari yang dianggarkan kepada 0.9 peratus pada bulan April daripada 1.4 peratus yang dicatatkan pada bulan Mac 2020. Ini adalah kadar terendah yang dilihat sejak November 2016. Pada asas bulanan (MoM), harga pengguna naik 0.4 peratus dan berbanding 0.3 peratus yang dianggarkan pada 29 April yang lepas. Harga pengguna menurun terutamanya disebabkan oleh penurunan harga tenaga, pakaian dan kasut dan pakej percutian. Tidak termasuk makanan dan tenaga, inflasi meningkat pada 1.2 peratus. Harga tenaga turun -5.8 peratus dan kos pakaian dan kasut turun -0.9 peratus. Sementara itu, harga makanan meningkat 4.8 peratus. Inflasi teras naik 0.8 peratus YoY, berbanding kenaikan 1.3 peratus pada bulan Mac. (RTT) SEKRETARIAT DAN JAWATANKUASA KHAS DOSM MENANGANI COVID-19: STATISTIK & INFO- MEDIA (BDA) Page 3 UK: Jualan runcit mencatatkan rekod kadar penurunan tertinggi pada April 2020 - BRC. Statistik yang dikeluarkan oleh British Retail Consortium (BRC) menunjukkan penjualan runcit di UK mencatatkan penurunan paling banyak sepanjang siri masa data ini yang bermula pada tahun 1995. Penurunan ini adalah diakibatkan oleh COVID-19. Jumlah penjualan runcit menjunam -19.1 peratus YoY pada bulan April 2020 berbanding kenaikan 2.4 peratus pada April tahun sebelumnya. Ini adalah penurunan terburuk yang dicatat sejak BRC memulakan pemantauan pada Januari 1995. (RTT) India: AS$266 bilion diperlukan untuk meningkatkan ekonomi. Perdana Menteri Narendra Modi menyatakan bahawa India akan menyediakan IRs20 lakh crore (AS$266 bilion) dalam langkah fiskal dan monetari untuk menyokong ekonomi yang di dalam fasa sekatan pergerakan untuk memerangi penularan COVID-19. Pakej tersebut bersamaan dengan 10 peratus daripada KDNK India dan akan disasarkan kepada rakyat yang terpaksa untuk tidak bekerja dan perniagaan yang mengalami penutupan yang berpanjangan. (Reuters) GLOBAL: Kejatuhan dalam penggunaan melemahkan prospek ekonomi - IMF. Kejatuhan dalam penggunaan global dan petunjuk data-data yang lain, mendorong ke arah semakan semula prospek ekonomi yang telah sedia ada suram. Ketua penganalisis ekonomi IMF Gita Gopinath menyatakan data ekonomi bagi April 2020 yang dikumpulkan mengesahkan ramalan IMF ke atas penguncupan -3 peratus output ekonomi global. Walau bagaimanapun, tinjauan menunjuk arah senario ekonomi yang sedang memburuk yang mungkin menyebakan semakan semula unjuran sekiranya situasi berterusan. (Reuters) EU: Pengeluaran industri turun mendadak pada bulan Mac 2020. Pengeluaran perindustrian zon Eropah menjunam pada bulan Mac 2020. Ini disebabkan oleh prestasi beberapa negara blok yang terjejas setelah melaksanakan sekatan pergerakan untuk mengekang penyebaran wabak COVID-19. Pengeluaran perindustrian menurun -11.3 peratus MoM, sedikit lebih rendah daripada ramalan penganalisis pada kadar -12.1 peratus. Penurunan ini adalah mendalam berbanding penguncupan marginal output pada kadar -0.1 peratus. Perincian mengikut kumpulan industri, barangan pengguna tahan lama mencatatkan penurunan terbesar sebanyak -26.3 peratus. Selain itu, output barangan modal dan barangan perantaraan turut mencatatkan penurunan dua digit. (RTT) UK: Ekonomi UK menjunam ke aras kemelesetan. Ekonomi UK menyusut hampir -6 peratus pada bulan Mac 2020 ketika negara itu mula melaksanakan sekatan pergerakan. Ini menyebabkan ekonomi negara tersebut mengalami kemelesatan yang mendalam bagi tempoh lebih dari tiga abad. Kejatuhan KDNK pada bulan Mac tersebut menyebabkan KDNK bagi keseluruhan suku pertama 2020 turun -2 peratus. Pada bulan Mac 2020, penutupan sebahagian besar aktiviti ekonomi menyebabkan industri perkhidmatan turun -6.2 peratus. Sementara itu, sektor pembuatan menguncup -4.6 peratus dan pembinaan merosot -5.9 peratus. Bank of England menjangkakan pemulihan yang kuat akan berlaku pada tahun 2021. (Bloomberg) SEKRETARIAT DAN JAWATANKUASA KHAS DOSM MENANGANI COVID-19: STATISTIK & INFO- MEDIA (BDA) Page 4 2. PENEMUAN UTAMA PETIKAN AKHBAR 1) Malayan Flour Mills Bhd (MFM) mengalami kemerosotan perniagaan pada suku pertama dalam segmen ternakan akibat daripada penawaran ayam yang berlebihan dan eksport yang rendah ke negara jiran sepanjang musim PKP. 2) Bagi tempoh 16 hingga 22 Mei, RON95 dan RON97 masing-masing naik enam sen daripada RM1.25 kepada RM1.31 seliter, dan RM1.55 kepada RM1.61. Manakala, harga runcit diesel naik lima sen seliter, daripada RM1.40
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