Phase II and Phase III Archeological Database and Inventory
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Phase II and Phase III Archeological Database and Inventory Site Number: 18FR309 Site Name: Todd Prehistoric Other name(s) Jacob Stoner, Mill Pond House, Worman House and Mill Historic Brief Site of Mid 18th and 19th century stone merchant mill and Mid 18th-20th stone and half- Unknown Description: timbered miller's house Site Location and Environmental Data: Maryland Archeological Research Unit No. 17 SCS soil & sediment code WaB Latitude 39.4586 Longitude -77.3791 Physiographic province Lancaster/Frederick Low Terrestrial site Underwater site Elevation m Site slope 3-8% Ethnobotany profile available Maritime site Nearest Surface Water Site setting Topography Ownership Name (if any) Tuscarora Creek -Site Setting restricted Floodplain High terrace Private Saltwater Freshwater -Lat/Long accurate to within 1 sq. mile, user may Hilltop/bluff Rockshelter/ Federal Ocean Stream/river need to make slight adjustments in mapping to cave Interior flat State of MD account for sites near state/county lines or streams Estuary/tidal river Swamp Hillslope Upland flat Regional/ Unknown county/city Tidewater/marsh Lake or pond Ridgetop Other Unknown Spring Terrace Low terrace Minimum distance to water is 180 m Temporal & Ethnic Contextual Data: Contact period site ca. 1820 - 1860 Y Ethnic Associations (historic only) Paleoindian site Woodland site ca. 1630 - 1675 ca. 1860 - 1900 Y Native American Asian American Archaic site MD Adena ca. 1675 - 1720 ca. 1900 - 1930 Y African American Unknown Early archaic Early woodland ca. 1720 - 1780 Y Post 1930 Anglo-American Y Other Y MIddle archaic Mid. woodland ca. 1780 - 1820 Y Hispanic German-American Late archaic Late woodland Unknown historic context Unknown prehistoric context Unknown context Y=Confirmed, P=Possible Site Function Contextual Data: Historic Furnace/forge Military Post-in-ground Urban/Rural? Rural Other Battlefield Frame-built Domestic Prehistoric Transportation Fortification Masonry Homestead Multi-component Misc. ceremonial Canal-related Encampment Other structure Farmstead Village Rock art Road/railroad Townsite Slave related Hamlet Shell midden Mansion Wharf/landing Religious Non-domestic agri Plantation Base camp STU/lithic scatter Maritime-related Church/mtg house Recreational Rockshelter/cave Quarry/extraction Row/townhome Bridge Ch support bldg Cellar Midden/dump Earthen mound Fish weir Ford Burial area Cairn Production area Privy Artifact scatter Educational Cemetery Burial area Unknown Industrial Spring or well Commercial Sepulchre Other context Mining-related Trading post Isolated burial Unknown Quarry-related Store Other context Mill Merchant Bldg or foundation Tavern/inn Black/metalsmith Possible Structure Interpretive Sampling Data: Prehistoric context samples Soil samples taken Historic context samples Soil samples taken N Flotation samples taken Other samples taken Flotation samples taken N Other samples taken Phase II and Phase III Archeological Database and Inventory Site Number: 18FR309 Site Name: Todd Prehistoric Other name(s) Jacob Stoner, Mill Pond House, Worman House and Mill Historic Brief Site of Mid 18th and 19th century stone merchant mill and Mid 18th-20th stone and half- Unknown Description: timbered miller's house Diagnostic Artifact Data: Prehistoric Sherd Types Shepard Keyser Projectile Point Types Koens-Crispin Marcey Creek Popes Creek Townsend Yeocomico Clovis Perkiomen Dames Qtr Coulbourn Minguannan Monongahela Hardaway-Dalton Susquehana Selden Island Watson Sullivan Cove Susquehannock Palmer Vernon Accokeek Mockley Shenks Ferry Kirk (notch) Piscataway Wolfe Neck Clemson Island Moyaone Kirk (stem) Calvert Vinette Page Potomac Cr Le Croy Selby Bay Historic Sherd Types Ironstone Staffordshire Stoneware Earthenware English Brown Morrow Mntn Jacks Rf (notch) Jackfield Tin Glazed Astbury Eng Dry-bodie Guilford Jacks Rf (pent) Mn Mottled Whiteware Borderware Brewerton Madison/Potomac Nottingham North Devon Porcelain Buckley Rhenish Otter Creek Levanna Pearlware Creamware All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts Wt Salt-glazed Other Artifact & Feature Types: Prehistoric Features Lithic Material Fer quartzite Sil sandstone Prehistoric Artifacts Other fired clay Mound(s) Storage/trash pit Jasper Chalcedony European flint Flaked stone Human remain(s) Midden Burial(s) Chert Ironstone Basalt Ground stone Modified faunal Shell midden Ossuary Rhyolite Argilite Unknown Stone bowls Unmod faunal Postholes/molds Unknown Quartz Steatite Other Fire-cracked rock Oyster shell House pattern(s) Other Quartzite Sandstone Other lithics (all) Floral material Palisade(s) Dated features present at site Ceramics (all) Uncommon Obj. Hearth(s) Rimsherds Other Lithic reduc area Historic Artifacts Historic Features Tobacco related 2 Privy/outhouse Depression/mound Unknown Pottery (all) 989 Activity item(s) 3 Const feature Well/cistern Burial(s) Other Glass (all) 956 Human remain(s) Foundation Trash pit/dump Railroad bed Architectural 516 Faunal material Cellar hole/cellar Furniture 3 Misc. kitchen 48 Sheet midden Earthworks Hearth/chimney Arms 6 Floral material Planting feature Mill raceway Postholes/molds Clothing 4 Misc. 133 Road/walkway Wheel pit Personal items 2 Other Paling ditch/fence All quantities exact or estimated minimal counts Radiocarbon Data: Sample 1: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 2: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 3: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 4: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 5: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 6: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 7: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 8: +/- years BP Reliability Sample 9: +/- years BP Reliability Additional radiocarbon results available Phase II and Phase III Archeological Database and Inventory Site Number: 18FR309 Site Name: Todd Prehistoric Other name(s) Jacob Stoner, Mill Pond House, Worman House and Mill Historic Brief Site of Mid 18th and 19th century stone merchant mill and Mid 18th-20th stone and half- Unknown Description: timbered miller's house External Samples/Data: Collection curated at MAC Lab Additional raw data may be available online Summary Description: Site 18FR309, the Todd site (aka the Jacob Stoner site, the Mill Pond House site, or the Worman House and Mill site) in Frederick County, MD is the site of a mid 18th and 19th century stone merchant mill and mid 18th-20th century stone and half-timbered miller’s house. The site is located between Mill Race Road and Tuscarora Creek, west of the Monocacy River and immediately south of the Mill Island residential development in the City of Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland. The project area encompasses portions of the Tuscarora Creek floodplain and its northern terrace, bounded by residential development to the north, areas of standing water and development disturbances to the east, Tuscarora Creek to the south, and areas of standing water to the west. The project area currently consists of a floodplain forested in young deciduous hardwoods and a lightly vegetated terrace that rises to the north. The floodplain includes asphalt walking paths and informal woodland trails that denote its use as an outdoor recreational area. The Todd site is associated with Unit 17, the Monocacy Drainage, on the Council for Maryland Archeology’s Archaeological Research Unit Map. The site is situated within the Frederick Valley District of the Limestone Lowland Region, characterized by relatively low relief and replete with sinkholes. Tuscarora Creek is the major hydrological unit within the immediate vicinity of the project area, serving as its southern boundary. Topography within the site area is defined by the relatively level Tuscarora Creek floodplain and the terrace along its northern boundary. Elevations within the project area range between 80 and 85 m (265 and 280 ft) above mean sea level. Three soil types are present at the Todd Site. Walkersville gravelly loam occurs within the vicinity of the Mill Pond House ruins on the northern terrace of the Tuscarora Creek floodplain and Combs silt loam and soils of the Adamstown-Funkstown complex also occur on the Tuscarora Creek floodplain. The earliest formal investigation of the Mill Pond House ruins occurred in 1953, when historian, architect, and artist Henry Chandlee Forman, who was involved in the restoration of Virginia’s Jamestown State House, spent a day recording and documenting the dwelling. He described Mill Pond House as “one of the prize finds in the State” and built in the Maryland-German Hanover-Medieval style. Specifically, the overall half-timber design is derived from East German or Palatinate styles. Following Forman’s 1953 visit, the Mill Pond House ruins were formally recorded as site 18FR309 in the Maryland Geological Survey’s Division of Archeology’s 1979 report on the archaeological resources assessment of the Monocacy River region in Carroll and Frederick counties. In 1984, Orlando Ridout V of the MHT visited the site and recorded some notes on the ruins’ general condition in the MHT’s copy of Forman’s Old Buildings, Gardens, and Furniture in Tidewater Maryland. George A. Evans, Jr. visited the ruins in 1997, noting which elements still survived at the time. In 2011, Historian John McGrain informed MHT that the Mill Pond House served as the miller’s house for the associated merchants mill known as “Worman’s Mill No. 2,” located about 300 ft southeast of the house on maps throughout the nineteenth century; by the early twentieth century, it was depicted on the west side of the road. Given this information, the site boundary was enlarged to encompass the former mill’s potential