& Translations

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Gōjūryū Karate Terms & Translations 剛柔流空手道の専門用語

Karate Terms & Translations

Gō Jū Ryū Kara Te Dō no Sen Mon Yō Go 剛柔流空手道の専門用語

Researched & Compiled by Bruce A. Brunger (B.A. in Japanese Language)

Source: The Modern Reader’s Japanese-English Character Dictionary by Andrew Nelson, Ph.D.

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© Copyright 2004/2005 by Bruce A. Brunger. All Rights Reserved. Prepared for the exclusive use of Cornell Watson’s Martial Arts Center. Used and distributed with permission of the copyright holder. The Cornell Watson Martial Arts Center name and logo are the property of the Cornell Watson Martial Arts Center and may not be copied or used without permission. This work may not be copied, reproduced, altered, stored or distributed without the prior written permission of the copyright holder and Cornell Watson’s Martial Arts Center. Gōjūryū Karate Terms & Translations 剛柔流空手道の専門用語

Table of Contents

Introduction & Pronunciation Guide ………………………………………..…… 3

General Terms & Phrases …………………………………………………….….. 7

Names of Stances …………………………………………………………….…. 16

Names of Blocks …………………………………………………………….….. 20

Names of Strikes ………………………………………………………….….…. 33

Names of Kicks …………………………………………………………….….... 37

Names of Kata ……………………………………………………………….….. 39

Miscellaneous Terms ……………………………………………………….….... 43

Names of Schools of Japanese Martial Arts …………………………………….. 49

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Introduction

This compilation has been carefully researched and prepared to help you learn basic terms used in Gōjūryū Karate, the nuances and meanings behind the original Japanese terms, and to aid your correct pronunciation of the Japanese terms. For translating the Chinese (or kanji) characters of the Japanese terms and defining the root meanings of the characters, the excellent dictionary, The Modern Reader’s Japanese-English Character Dictionary by Andrew Nelson, Ph.D. was used for its thoroughness and conciseness in explaining Japanese words and the meaning of the kanji characters. For those who are interested in studying Japanese words and the kanji characters, there is no finer reference than “Nelson’s Dictionary”. In addition, the terms were also reviewed for accuracy with native Japanese speakers, and proofread by Sensei Cornell Watson (Shihan) of the Cornell Watson Martial Arts Center. Therefore the resulting compilation is believed to be an accurate and authoritative representation of the correct terms, and will be a great supplement to your study of Gōjūryū Karate. You can also make these into flash cards to review and memorize. It is hoped that this guide will become a source to which you will refer often, and help you to gain a deeper appreciation for the richness, eloquence, nuances and context of the Japanese language as used in Gōjūryū Karate.

Japanese Pronunciation Guide This section will explain the basics of correctly pronouncing Japanese words. Spoken Japanese consists of simple syllables, generally consisting of a vowel, or a consonant plus a vowel. There are few complex consonant clusters. All vowels and consonants have consistent pronunciation. Consonants are crisply pronounced. Care should be taken when pronouncing Japanese words, as one “slip of the tongue” may result in saying a word incorrectly as gibberish, or perhaps saying an entirely different Japanese word altogether. Throughout this guide, both the literal English transliteration of the Japanese pronunciation is provided, along with a more “phonetic” spelling of the Japanese pronunciation to ensure that you pronounce the words correctly.

JAPANESE VOWELS (Ah-Ee-Uu-Eh-Oh) Vowels are always pronounced the same way; long vowels (usually marked in English transliteration with a bar over the vowel (for example, ū) or as two vowels (ou) are simply longer in duration (actually two full syllables), but the sound itself doesn’t change.

A = pronounced “Ah” as in father I = pronounced “Ee” as in eat or each Some Vowel pronunciation examples: U = pronounced “Oo” as in food or zoo E = pronounced “Eh” as in get or Ted Karate (“Kah-Rah-Teh” NOT “Kuh-Ra-Tee”) O = pronounced “Oh” as in Ohio Ichi (“Ee-chee” NOT “It-chi”) YA = pronounced “Yah” as in Yahoo Ueno (“Oo-Eh-Noh” --- a place in Tokyo)

YU = pronounced “Yuu” as in “You” or “Universe” YO() = pronounced “Yoh” as in “Yolk”

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CONSONANTS ( WITH VOWEL COMBINATIONS ) There are about 16 basic consonant types in Japanese which are combined with 8 vowels to create over 88 different sounds in Japanese. The basic consonants in Japanese are fairly straightforward, with only a few exceptions. Pronunciation should always be done clearly. The consonant sounds with the corresponding vowels are shown below:

Basic Vowel Sounds A I U E O -YA -YU -YO K Ka Ki Ku Ke Ko Kya Kyu Kyo S Sa Shi Su Se So Sha Shu Sho T Ta Chi Tsu Te To Cha Chu Cho N Na Ni Nu Ne No Nya Nyu Nyo H Ha Hi Fu He Ho Hya Hyu Hyo M Ma Mi Mu Me Mo Mya Myu Myo Y Ya Yu Yo R Ra Ri Ru Re Ro Rya Ryu Ryo W Wa Wo G Ga Gi Gu Ge Go Gya Gyu Gyo Z or J Za Ji Zu Ze Zo Ja Jyu Jo D or Z Da Zi Dzu De Do

Basic Consonant Sounds Sounds Basic Consonant B Ba Bi Bu Be Bo Bya Byu Byo P Pa Pi Pu Pe Po Pya Pyu Pyo N (No combinations, just an ending “n”sound, same sound as the “n” in “New”)

Consonant Pronunciation Guide The following are some common consonant sounds with actual examples in Japanese speech.

Consonant Pronunciation Japanese Example Ka “Kah” (like the sound of a crow, or corn “Cob”) Karate or Kake Ki “Kee” (as in the word “key”) Kihon or Ki-Ai Ku “Koo” (as in the word “cookoo”) Kumite Ke “Keh” (as in the word “kept”) Ken or Uke or Kake

-Series -Series Ko “Koh” (as in the word “Cocoa”) Kohai

K Kya “Keeyah” Kyakkō Kyu “Keeyu” (as in the word “Cute”) Kyukei Kyo “Keeyoh” (as in the word “Tokyo” Taikyoku Sa “Sah” (as in the word “saw”) Sanchin or Osae Shi “Shee” (as in the word “Sheep”) Shiko dachi or Shichi Su “Soo” (as in the girl’s name “Suzie”) Ebisu (a place in Tokyo) Se “Seh” (as in the word “Set”) Seza or Sensei or Sempai

-Series -Series So “Soh” (as in the word “Sew” or “Sewing”) Mokuso or Haisoku S Sha “Shaw” (as in the word “Shaman”) Shorisha Shu “Shoo” (as in the word “Shoe”) Shuto Sho “Shoh” (as in the word “Show”) Basho or Shokken Ta “Tah” (as in the word “Tick-Tock” or “Talk”) Kata or O-Tagai ni Chi “Chee” (as in “Cheetos” or “Cheese”) Dachi or Uchi Tsu “Tsoo” (the “TS” sound of “Tse-tse fly”) Zenkutsu Dachi Te “Teh” (as in “Teddy Bear”) Karate or Kumite or Nukite To “Toh” (as in “Toad” or “Toe”) Haito or Kakato or Shuto -Series

T Cha “Chaw” (as in “Chalk” ) Chaku Chu “Choo” (as in “Chew” or “Choose”) Chudan or Haichu Cho “Choh” (as in “Chosen” or “Choke”) Chotto (Continued on next page…) (4)

Consonant Pronunciation Guide ( Continued )

Consonant Pronunciation Guide Japanese Example Ha “Hah” (as in laughing “Ha”) Hachi or Haito Hi “Hee” (as in “Heat” or “Heap”) Hira-Ken or Hiza Fu “Foo” (actually a softer sound closer to “Huu”) Fumi-komi He “Heh” (as in “Hem” or “Hemlock”) Heisoku Dachi

-Series -Series Ho “Hoh” (as in “Hoe” or “Hope”) Hokkaido (place in Japan)

H Hya “HeeYah” Hyaku Hyu “HeeYuu” (as in the name “Hugh”) Hyuga Hyo “HeeYoh” Hyoka or Hyoron Na “Nah” (as in “Nominate” or “Viet Nam”) Nageru Ni “Nee” (as in “Knee” or “Need”) Nihon Nippon Nu “Nuu” (as in “New” or “Knew”) Nukite Ne “Neh” (as in “Net” ) Neko Ashi Dachi

-Series -Series No “Noh” (as in “No” or “Know”) Nomu N Nya “NeeYah” (as in “Kenya”) Tenya wanya Nyu “NeeYuu” (as in “New”) Nyugakku or Gyunyu Nyo “NeeYoh” Nyobo Ma “Mah” (as in “Mom” or “Mama”) Mawashi Geri Mi “Mee” (as in “Me” or Meek”) Miyagi Mu “Moo” (as in “Move” ) Muri Me “Meh” (as in “Men” or “Mental”) Meiso

-Series Mo “Moh” (as in “Mow” or “Motion”) Mokuso

M Mya “MeeYah” Myaku Myu “MeeYuu” (as in “Music”) Myo “MeeYoh” Daimyo or Myoban Ra “Rah” (as in “Rod” or “Raw”) Ramen Ri “Ree” (as in “Reed” or “Greed”) Geri Ru “Roo” (as in “Kangaroo”) Ruiji or Rujiten Re “Reh” (as in “Red” or Rent” or “Bread”) Rei or Renshu

-Series -Series Ro “Roh” (as in “Road” or “Rope” or “Broke”) Ushiro or Roku R Rya “ReeYah” (as in “Diarrhea” ) Ryakudatsu Ryu “ReeYuu” (as in Reunion”) Goju-Ryu or Ryukyu Ryo “ReeYoh” (as in Curio” or Rio De Janeiro) Ryoshin or Ryoken Ya “Yah” (as in “Yard”) Yamato Yu “Yoo” (as in “You” or “Universe”) Yuki -Series -Series

Y Yo “Yoh” (as in “Yogurt”) Yoku

Wa “Wah” (as in “Watch” or “Wall”) Mawashi-Geri -Series -Series

W Wo “Woh” (as in “Woe is Me” or “Whoa”) Karate wo manabimasu Ga “Gah” (as in “God” or “Got”) Gakusei or Ganbaru Gi “Ghee” (as in Guitar”) Karate Gi or Giri or Gishiki Gu “Goo” (as in “Goop” or “Goof”) Guntai or Gushiken Ge “Gheh” (as in “Get”) Gentei or Geta

-Series -Series Go “Goh” (as in “Goat” or “Go”) Gojuryu G Gya “GeeYah” (as in Gyaku Gyu “GeeYuu” (as in Gyunikku Gyo “GeeYoh” (as in Ningyo (Continued on next page…) (5)

Consonant Pronunciation Guide ( Continued )

Consonant Pronunciation Guide Japanese Example Za “Zah” (as in “Zombie” ) Seiza Ji “Jee” (as in “Jeep”) Kanji or Jissai Zu “Zoo” (as in “Zoo” or “Zoom”) Kanarazu or Zutsu Ze “Zeh” (as in “Zen”) Zen -Series Zo “Zoh” (as in “Bozo”) Zosa or Zowai Jya (Ja) “JeeYah” (as in “Jockey” or “John”) Jyakuten or Jama Z orJ Jyu (Ju) “JeeYuu” (as in the name “Hugh”) Judo or Jubun or Gojuryu Jyo (Jo) “JeeYoh” (as in “Joke” “Joan” or “Joe”) Jodan or Jozu Da “Dah” (as in “Dominate”) Damasu or Daraku

- Zi “Zhee” (as in “Zebra”) Dzu “D’zoo” Series

D or Z De “Deh” (as in “Destitute”) Desho or Dento Do “Doh” (as in Homer Simpson’s “Doh!” or “Dough”) Karate Dō or Dojo or Dōzo Ba “Bah” (as in Scrooge’s “Bah Humbug” or “Bottom”) Baka or Basho Bi “Bee” (as in “Bumble Bee” or “Beach”) Bijin or Bikkuri Bu “Boo” (as in “Boo” or “Boom”) Budo or Buji or Burei Be “Beh” (as in “Bed” or “Beckon”) Benkyō or Betsu or Bengoshi

-Series Bo “Boh” (as in “Boat” or “Bone”) Bodai or Sasebo or Bonsai B Bya “BeeYah” (as in “Beyond”) Sanbyaku Byu “BeeYuu” (as in “Beautiful”) Byo “BeeYoh” Byōki Byōteki Byōsei Pa “Pah” (as in “Papa” or “Pajama”) Chuto-hanpa Pi “Pee” (as in “People” or “Peace”) Pinto Pu “Poo” (as in “Pool” or “Harpoon”) Sempuki Pe “Peh” (as in “Pedestrian”) Peko-peko or Peten Po “Poh” (as in “Postal” or “Pole”) Sampo or Tampopo -Series -Series

P Pya “PeeYah” Happyaku Pyu “PeeYuu” (as in “Pupil” or “Purify”) Pyo “PeeYoh” Happyo

Notes: All syllables receive the same amount of stress or emphasis (that means pronouncing Japanese without any stress or emphasis.) Examples: • “gō-jū-ryū” NOT “go-JU-ryu” • “zen-ku-tsu-da-chi” NOT “zen-KU-tsu-DA-chi” • “ka-ra-te” NOT “Ka-RA-te” • “ne-ko-a-shi-da-chi” NOT “NE-ko-a-SHI-DA-chi

You can almost always divide the syllables after a vowel. (exception: some syllables end in “n” (shinbun = newspaper) (Nihon = Japan); sometimes a consonant is doubled (Roppongi – Tokyo place; or Hatchōbori – Tokyo place), which actually represents two syllables (pronounced with a slight pause– Rop’pon-gi; Hat’chou-bo-ri).

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General Terms & Phrases

Japanese Term Gō Jū Ryū ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Goh Joo Reeyoo Kanji Character(s) 剛柔流 “The Strong and Gentle Way” “The Way of Hard and Soft” Strength; Gentleness, Style, Fashion, Firmness, Softness, School (of Original Meaning(s) of Rigid, Bravery, Tender, Thought), “The Tough but Graceful Style” the Kanji Characters Courage, Valor, Graceful, Manner, Way (of Hardness, Flexible, Doing), Fashion, Toughness Supple Current, Flow

Japanese Term Kara Te Dō ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation KahRah Teh Doh “Empty Hand” Kanji Character(s) “Open Hand” 空手道 “Fighting without Weapons” Way, Path, “The Way (or Path) of Empty, Sky, Road, Journey, Original Meaning(s) of Open, Vacant, Hand(s) the Empty Hand” Teachings, Hollow the Kanji Characters Course, Duty,

Morality

Japanese Term Kata ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation KahTah

Kanji Character(s) 型 “A set pattern or sequence Set Form or Format, of defensive and offensive Set Pattern, Particular Style, Model, Type movements and techniques, performed alone against NOTE: It is interesting to know that the upper portion of the character ( 刑 or Kei ) imaginary opponents” Original Meaning(s) of means “punishment”. As it is placed over the Kanji Characters the other character for “ground”, “earth” or “Soil” (土 or Doh ), this combined meaning connotes an image of strictly imposed standards, physically demanding practice, or physically punishing routines performed outside on the ground.

Japanese Term Dō Jō ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Doh Joh “(Practice) Hall” Kanji Character(s) “Gymnasium” 道場 “Arena” (Literally: “A Place for Learning Way, Path, Road, Original Meaning(s) of Place, Grounds, Ring, Journey, Teachings, The Way”) Site, Space, Scene the Kanji Characters Course, Duty, Morality

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Sen Sei ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Sen Say “Instructor” “Teacher” “Schoolmaster” “Master” Kanji Character(s) “Doctor” 先生 (Literally: “One who has lived before you”, Original Meaning(s) of Preceding, Beyond, Birth, Live, Life, in other words, “One who has knowledge Prior, Earlier than, Head Existence, Cultivation, the Kanji Characters (of a line, etc.), The First To Create, To Produce and experience that you do not yet have.” )

Japanese Term De Shi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Deh Shee “Pupil” “Student” Kanji Character(s) 弟子 “Disciple” “Follower” “Apprentice” Younger Brother, Child, Offspring, Original Meaning(s) of Faithful Service to The Young, the Kanji Characters those who are Older, A Youngster, Brotherly Affection Small

Japanese Term Sen Pai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Sen (or Sem) Pie “(One’s) Senior or Elder” Kanji Character(s) “(a) Senior Student” 先輩 “One who Out-Ranks You” Preceding, Beyond, Original Meaning(s) of Fellow, Companion, Prior, Earlier than, Head Man the Kanji Characters (of a line, etc.), The First

Japanese Term Kō Hai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koh High “(One’s) Junior or Subordinate” Kanji Character(s) “(a) Junior Student” 後輩 “One who is Below your Rank” Original Meaning(s) of Rear, Back, Successor, Fellow, Companion, the Kanji Characters Following Man

Japanese Term Rei Shiki ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Ray SheeKee (or Shkee) “(Bowing) Ceremony” Kanji Character(s) 礼式 “(a) Rite” Salute, Bow, Show Original Meaning(s) of Courtesy, Appreciation, Ceremony, the Kanji Characters Propriety, Etiquette, Rite, Function Manners

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Sei Za ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Say Zah “Sit Straight” Kanji Character(s) 正座 “Sit Correctly” “Sit Quietly” Straight, Right, Original Meaning(s) of Sit Down, Squat, Proper, Correct, Settle, Seat, Be Stable “Be Seated” the Kanji Characters Perfectly

Japanese Term Moku Sō ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Moh Koo Soh “Closing One’s Eyes Kanji Character(s) in Silent Meditation” 黙想 Thought, Idea, Original Meaning(s) of Keeping Silence, “Quiet Reflection” Imagination, Saying Nothing the Kanji Characters Consideration

Japanese Term O Tagai ni ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Oh Tah Gah Ee Nee “Toward Each Other” Kanji Character(s) お互いに “Mutually” “Together” Original Meaning(s) of Respectfully Toward Each Other, the Kanji Characters Mutually to Each Other, Reciprocally

Japanese Term Rei ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Ray

Kanji Character(s) 礼 “(to) Respectfully Bow (towards)” Original Meaning(s) of Salute, Bow, Show Courtesy, Appreciation, the Kanji Characters Show Respect, Propriety, Etiquette, Manners

Japanese Term Shōmen ni Taishite ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoh Men Ni Tai Shee Teh Kanji Character(s) 正面に対して “(Please) Face (toward) the Front” Original Meaning(s) of Toward or in the direction of the Front (of the Dojo where the Founders Pictures are the Kanji Characters displayed in the honored stand called the “Kamiza”)

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Sensei ni Taishite ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Sen Say Nee Tai Shee Teh

Kanji Character(s) “(Please) Face (toward) 先生に対して the Teacher” Original Meaning(s) of Toward (in the direction of) the Teacher or Instructor the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Yō i ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Yoh Ee

Kanji Character(s) (Used as a Command) 用意 “Get Ready!” (“Be Prepared!”) Business, Work, Original Meaning(s) of Will, Intention, Thought, Function, Errand, Idea, Desire the Kanji Characters Use, Service

Japanese Term Hajime (or Haijimeru) ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hah Jee Meh ( Haji Meh Roo ) (Used as a Command) Kanji Character(s) 始め (始める) “Begin!” “Start!” Original Meaning(s) of “Begin at Your Own Pace” To Start, Begin, Commence the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Yame (or Yameru) ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Yah Meh (Yah Meh Roo)

Kanji Character(s) (Used as a Command) 止め (止める) “Stop!” “Cease!” Original Meaning(s) of To Stop, Cease, Quit, End, Terminate the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Narande ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Nahrah n Deh

Kanji Character(s) (Used as a Command) 並んで “Line up!” Original Meaning(s) of To line up, to form a line, to arrange side-by-side the Kanji Characters

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Sei Retsu ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Say Reh Tsoo

Kanji Character(s) 整列 “(to) Line Up (by Rank)” Original Meaning(s) of Arrange, Assemble Line, Row the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Mawatte ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Wah ’Teh

Kanji Character(s) (Used as a Command) 回って “Turn Around!” Original Meaning(s) of To Turn Around, Spin, Rotate, Go Around the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Ki Ai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Kee Eye “(a) Fighting Yell” “(a) Striking Shout” Kanji Character(s) 気合 “(a) Forceful Puff of Breath” “(a) Focused Shout from one’s Spirit, Force, Energy, Meet, Join Together, Original Meaning(s) of Mind, Heart, Feeling, Match (with), Unite, Spiritual Energy” the Kanji Characters Temper, Mood, Add Up, Mix, Disposition, Intention Combine

Japanese Term Kara Te Ka ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation KahRah Teh Kah

Kanji Character(s) 空手家 “(a) Practitioner of Karate” Empty, Sky, Original Meaning(s) of Person, Open, Vacant, Hand(s) Profession the Kanji Characters Hollow

Japanese Term Shi Han ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shee Hahn “Master Instructor” Kanji Character(s) 師範 “Model Instructor of Technical Skills” Teacher, Master, Original Meaning(s) of Example, Model, Example, Model, the Kanji Characters Pattern, Exemplary Pattern Person

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Gi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Ghee

Kanji Character(s) 着 “(one’s) Karate Uniform” Original Meaning(s) of Clothing; What One Wears the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Obi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Oh Bee

Kanji Character(s) “(one’s) Karate Belt” 帯 (Signifying your Rank) Original Meaning(s) of Belt, Sash, Band the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Hai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation High “Yes” “Yes Sir” Kanji Character(s) はい “I Agree” “I Understand (and I’ll Do it)” Original Meaning(s) of Yes, Acknowledgement, Affirmative the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Iie ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Ee Ee Eh “No” “No Way” “No Sir” Kanji Character(s) いいえ “I Don’t Agree”

Original Meaning(s) of No, Not, Negative the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Kumi Te ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koo Mee Teh “Fighting”

Kanji Character(s) “Sparring” 組手 (Jiyu Kumite = Freestyle Sparring) Original Meaning(s) of To Cross, Unite with, Grapple with, Braid Hand or Hands the Kanji Characters Together

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Ki Hon ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Kee Hohn “Basic” Kanji Character(s) “Basis” 基本 “Standard” Main, True, Real, Original Meaning(s) of Origin, Basis, “Fundamental” Regular, Normal, Foundation the Kanji Characters Source, The Root of

Japanese Term I Dō ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Ee Doh

Kanji Character(s) 移動 “Movement” Stir, Move, Shift, Move, Change, Shift, Original Meaning(s) of Shake, Set in Motion, Drift, Transfer, Divert, Mobilize, Activity, the Kanji Characters Pour into Fluctuate

Japanese Term Mae ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Eh

Kanji Character(s) 前 “Front” “In Front” Original Meaning(s) of Front, Before, Ahead, Forepart the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Ushiro ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Shee Roh

Kanji Character(s) 後ろ “Back” “Behind” Original Meaning(s) of Back, Rear, Behind the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Yoko ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Yoh Koh

Kanji Character(s) 横 “(to the) Side” “Sideways” Original Meaning(s) of Side, Flank, Horizontal Direction the Kanji Characters

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Migi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mee Ghee “(to one’s) Right” “(the) Right” Kanji Character(s) 右 “(the) Right Side” Original Meaning(s) of Right, Right-hand, Rightward the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Hidari ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hee Dah Ree “(to one’s) Left” “(the) Left” Kanji Character(s) 左 “(the) Left Side” Original Meaning(s) of Left, Left-hand, Leftward the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Mawashi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Wah Shee “Around” Kanji Character(s) 回し “Roundhouse (kick, etc.)” Original Meaning(s) of To Rotate, Go Around the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Dai Ichi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Die Ee Chee

Kanji Character(s) 第一 “The First (of a series)” Numeral, Number, Original Meaning(s) of The (First, Second, etc.), One, First the Kanji Characters Primary, Foremost, The Greatest

Japanese Term Dai Ni ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Die Nee

Kanji Character(s) 第二 “The Second (of a Series)” Numeral, Number, Original Meaning(s) of The (First, Second, etc.), Two, Second the Kanji Characters Primary, Foremost, The Greatest

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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term Jō Dan ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Jyoh Dahn

Kanji Character(s) “Upper (Face) Level” 上段 Original Meaning(s) of Up, Upper, Level, Stage, Degree, the Kanji Characters Upward, Top Extent, Class, Rank

Japanese Term Chū Dan ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Chew Dahn

Kanji Character(s) “Middle (Chest & Stomach) Level” 中段 Original Meaning(s) of Level, Stage, Degree, Middle, Center, Core the Kanji Characters Extent, Class, Rank

Japanese Term Ge Dan ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Geh Dahn

Kanji Character(s) “Lower (Groin & Leg) Level” 下段 Original Meaning(s) of Lower, Bottom, Level, Stage, Degree, the Kanji Characters Downward Extent, Class, Rank

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Names of Stances Used in Gōjūryū Karate

Japanese Term Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Dah Chee

Kanji Character(s) 立ち “Stance” Original Meaning(s) of Way of Standing, Stance the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Kamae ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Kah Mah Eh “(Take a ) Posture” Kanji Character(s) 構え “Pose” Original Meaning(s) of Posture, Pose, Assume a Stance, Be Ready For the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Heisoku Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hay Soh Koo Dah Chee “(The) Closed Foot Stance”

Kanji Character(s) (Placing feet together parallel with no distance 閉足立ち between them, with heels and toes and knees Original Meaning(s) of close together) Closed Feet Stance the Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Musubi Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Moo Soo Bee Dah Chee “(The) V Stance” “(The) Bound Stance” Kanji Character(s) 結び立ち (Placing the balls of both feet out at 45°. Heels remain together. Your feet are in a “V” position. Your knees are straight and instead Original Meaning(s) of Joined Together, Stance of being locked are in a natural relaxed Bound Together the Kanji Characters position. Used when standing at attention.)

Japanese Term Heikō Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Hay Koh Dah Chee “(The) Parallel Stance”

(Your feet are one foot length apart or even Kanji Character(s) 平行立ち better, feet should be placed at about shoulder distance. Knees are straight and instead of Original Meaning(s) of being locked are in a naturally relaxed Parallel Rows Stance the Kanji Characters position.)

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Names of Stances Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Soto Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Soh Toh Dah Chee “(The) Outward Stance”

(Starting from the Heikō Dachi [Parallel Stance] Kanji Character(s) 外立ち Lift the ball of the feet and place your toes 45° outward (this stance is traditionally called Soto Hachi Monji Dachi). Your knees again are straight Original Meaning(s) of Outside of, Stance and instead of being locked are in a natural relaxed the Kanji Characters Outward, Away (from) position.)

Japanese Term Uchi Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Uu Chee Dah Chee “(The) Inside Stance”

Kanji Character(s) (Traditionally called Uchi Hachi Monji Dachi, this 内立ち stance is further moved out with the heels but deeper past a parallel stance [heels spread out 45°]. The Original Meaning(s) of Inside of, Within, front of the feet are turned 45° inward.) Stance the Kanji Characters Inward, In Toward

Japanese Term Shiko Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Shee Koh Dah Chee “(The) Horse Stance” or “Straddle Leg Stance” Kanji Character(s) 四股立ち (In the standard Shiko Dachi in this posture, the upper legs (thigh area) are bent far past 45° and Literally showing a strong and deep stance.The knees should “Four Thighs” be directly above the feet and the back should be Original Meaning(s) of Stance slightly arched but straight and the hips should be the Kanji Characters (In Reference to the Quadriceps Muscles pushed back into a sitting position. In Shiko Dachi of the Thighs) the feet are pointed slightly outward to 45°.) .

Japanese Term Sanchin Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Sahn Cheen Dah Chee “(The) Immovable Stance”

(The root and substance to Gōjūryū, the stance absorbs energy from the ground up and into your body and using Kanji Character(s) its energy to your advantage, not just gripping and 三戦立ち holding onto the floor. Starting from Heiko Dachi, place the right foot one-foot length ahead of the spot it was at (right heel just on the imaginary line that its toe ended at). Turn the right heel out 45°, next bring the right foot back a bit until the heel rests on the same horizontal line Three Battles as the toes of the left foot. While grabbing the ground Original with the feet in a twisting out motion, the knees should be Meaning(s) of the (The Battle of Mastery Stance slightly bent inward as to protect the groin area from Kanji Characters between the Mind, attack; the buttocks pushed forward, the inside and Body and Spirit) outside of the thighs tightened. Your center of gravity is located at the point midway between both feet.)

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Names of Stances Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Zenkutsu Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Zen Koo Tsoo Dah Chee “(The) Forward Leaning Stance” or “Front Stance”

(One of the strongest stances, with the center of Kanji Character(s) gravity being midway between both feet. One way to 前屈立ち achieve this position is to start from Shiko Dachi. Turn the right leg straight, without raising the head level, square the hips and shoulders into a linear posture with the left leg that will be considered the front. Bend the left knee so as the front foot cannot be seen if looking down, all the while keeping the right leg (back leg) straight. Keep the back sustained in a straight position perpendicular to the Original Meaning(s) of Front Bend, Lean Stance floor. The front foot should be turned slightly the Kanji Characters inward. Be careful not to place too much weight on the front foot, and the front foot and back foot are not on the same imaginary line they are about four foot lengths in distance apart, and about shoulder width.)

Japanese Term Kōkutsu Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Koh Koo Tsoo Dah Chee “(The) Rear Leaning Stance” or “Back Stance”

(This stance begins directly from Zenkutsu Dachi. Kanji Character(s) From this position, turn to the right 90° [as in 後屈立ち Sanseiru] on the balls of both feet. Both feet should now be facing to the right of the original direction however the head stays turned in the direction it was originally. Kōkutsu Dachi is also the name of a Original Meaning(s) of Rear Bend, Lean Stance back stance more often found in the Shotokan style the Kanji Characters however is performed completely different..)

Japanese Term Han Zenkutsu Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Hahn Zen Koo Tsoo Dah Chee “(The) Half-Forward Leaning Stance” or “Half-Front Stance” Kanji Character(s) 半前屈立ち (Begins from Heiko Dachi. Step out with the right side, Te Obi between one half the distance and one footstep less than Zenkutsu Dachi. This position is close to the same posture of Zenkutsu Dach . Leg tension shall Original Meaning(s) of Half Front Bend, Lean Stance remain the same as shall back and hip the Kanji Characters position.)

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Names of Stances Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Neko Ashi Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation NehKoh Ah Shee Dah Chee “(The) Cat Foot Stance”

( Neko Ashi Dachi is the essential fighting stance of Gōjūryū, being one of the two major stances Kanji Character(s) [the other being Sanchin Dachi] . Place the right 猫足立ち exactly one-foot length forward. Then lift the heel of the front foot off of the ground, and bending the knee of the front leg. Bending the back leg, push the hips back as if to sit down in a chair. 70% to 80% of your weight should be distributed on the back leg while 20% to 30% Original Meaning(s) of Cat Foot Stance remains on the front. From the side and front the Kanji Characters view, this posture resembles that of a cat in combat or of a person sitting in a chair that’s not there.)

Japanese Term Moto Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Moh Toh Dah Chee

“(The) Base Stance” Kanji Character(s) or “Rooted Stance” 元立ち (This stance has the foot placement similar to Neko Ashi Dachi, but with both feet flat on the ground.)

Original Meaning(s) of Basis, Foundation, Stance the Kanji Characters Source, Root, Origin

Japanese Term Ti Ji Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Tee Jee Dah Chee

“(The) Inverted ‘T’ Stance”

Kanji Character(s) (This stance is in the posture of an inverted “T”. T 字立ち From Heisoku Dachi place the left foot horizontally behind the right foot so as the heel of the right foot is in the center of the left foot [a 90° angle]. )

Original Meaning(s) of T Letter, Character Stance the Kanji Characters (The Letter T)

Japanese Term Kōsa Dachi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koh Sah Dah Chee

“(The) Cross-Leg Stance” or “Twist Stance” Kanji Character(s) 交差立ち (Used for turning in many items from Kihon Ido to Advanced Kata. The front of your left knee will be fitted into the back of your right knee.)

Original Meaning(s) of Intersection, Crossing Stance the Kanji Characters (19)

Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate

Japanese Term Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Keh Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) “(a) Block” 受 or 受け (of a strike, kick, etc.) Original Meaning(s) of Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Uke Waza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Keh Wah Zah

Kanji Character(s) “Blocking Techniques” 受け技 Receive, Catch, “Blocking Skills” Original Meaning(s) of Undergo, Be Exposed Technique, Craft, (to), Preparedness, Skill, Feat, the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Performance Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Age Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Ah Geh Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 上げ受け “Upward Block”

Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed “Rising Block” Original Meaning(s) of Raising, Upward, (to), Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Rising Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Jōdan Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Joh Dahn Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 上段受け “Upper Level Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed Original Meaning(s) of (to), Preparedness, Upper Level the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Yoko Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Yoh Koh Uu Keh “Middle Block” Kanji Character(s) 横受け “Side Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Original Meaning(s) of Side, Flank, Horizontal Exposed (to), Preparedness, “Sideways Block” the Kanji Characters Direction Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Chūdan Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Chew Dahn Uu Keh “Middle Block” Kanji Character(s) 中段受け “Mid-Level Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Original Meaning(s) of Exposed (to), Preparedness, Middle Level the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Chūdan Soto Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Chew Dahn Soto Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 中段外受け “Middle Outside-In Block” Receive, Catch, Original Meaning(s) of Undergo, Be Exposed Middle Level Outer (to), Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Chūdan Uchi Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Chew Dahn Uu Chee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 中段内受け “Middle Inside-Out Block” Receive, Catch, Original Meaning(s) of Undergo, Be Exposed Middle Level Inside (to), Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Gedan Barai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Geh Dahn Bah Rah Ee

Kanji Character(s) 下段払い “Lower Sweeping Block”

Original Meaning(s) of Sweep Out of the Way, Clear Bottom, Lower Level Out, Wipe Off, Brush Off, the Kanji Characters Drive Away, Wield Sideways

ENGLISH Japanese Term Harai Otoshi Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hah Rai Oh Toh Shee Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 払落とし受け “Dropping Circular Block” Sweep Out Receive, Catch, of the Way, Undergo, Be Clear Out, “Descending Sweeping Original Exposed (to), Wipe Off, Dropping, Preparedness, Block” Meaning(s) of the Brush Off, Going Downward Stop or Parry a Kanji Characters Drive Away, Blow, Block, Wield Sustain (a hit) Sideways

Japanese Term Soto Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Soh Toh Uuo Keh

Kanji Character(s) “Outside Block” 外受け Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be “Outside Forearm Block” Original Meaning(s) of Outside of, Exposed (to), Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Outward, Away (from) Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Uchi Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Chee Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) “Inside Block” 内受け Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be “Inside Forearm Block” Original Meaning(s) of Inside of, Within, Exposed (to), Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Inward, In Toward Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Shutō Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoo Toh Oo Keh

Kanji Character(s) 手刀受け “Knife Hand Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Original Meaning(s) of Exposed (to), Preparedness, Hand Knife the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Shutō Jōdan Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoo Toh Jyoh Dahn Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 手刀上段受け Receive, Catch, “Upper Knife Hand Block” Original Undergo, Be Exposed Up, Upper, (to), Preparedness, Hand Knife Meaning(s) of the Upward, Top Stop or Parry a Kanji Characters Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Shutō Gedan Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoo Toh Geh Dahn Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 手刀下段受け Receive, Catch, “Lower Knife Hand Block” Original Undergo, Be Exposed Down, Lower (to), Preparedness, Hand Knife Meaning(s) of the Level Stop or Parry a Kanji Characters Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Omote Kote Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Oh Moh Teh Koh Teh Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 表小手受け Receive, Catch, “Outer Forearm Block” Original Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Preparedness, Surface, Exterior Forearm Meaning(s) of the Stop or Parry a Kanji Characters Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Shō Tei Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoh Tei Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) “Palm Heel Block” 掌底受け Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Original Rule, “Heel of the Palm Block” Bottom, Exposed (to), Preparedness, Administer, Meaning(s) of the Base, Sole Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Conduct Kanji Characters Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Shō Tei Jōdan Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoh Teh Ee Jyoh Dahn Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 掌底上段受け “Upper Palm Block” Receive, Catch, Original Rule, Bottom Undergo, Be Exposed Up, Upper, Administer, Base (to), Preparedness, Meaning(s) of the Upward, Top Kanji Characters Conduct Sole Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Shō Tei Chūdan Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoh Teh Ee Chew Dahn Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 掌底中段受け “Middle Palm Block” Receive, Catch, Original Rule, Bottom Undergo, Be Exposed Meaning(s) of the Administer, Base Middle, Mid-Level (to), Preparedness, Kanji Characters Conduct Sole Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Shō Tei Otoshi Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoh Teh Ee Oh Toh Shee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 掌底落とし受け Receive, Catch, “Open Hand Undergo, Be Dropping Block” Original Rule, Bottom Exposed (to), Dropping, Administer, Base Preparedness, Meaning(s) of the Going Downward Kanji Characters Conduct Sole Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Ko Ken Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koh Ken Uu Keh “Arch Fist Block”

Kanji Character(s) Or 弧拳受け “Chicken Wrist Block”

Original Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be (Note: Sometimes this is just called Exposed (to), Preparedness, Meaning(s) of the Arc, Arch Fist “Ko-Uke”[Wrist Block], without using Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, the “Fist” [Ken] character) Kanji Characters Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Hai Tō Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation High Toh Uu Keh “Ridgehand Block”

Kanji Character(s) (Using the portion of the hand between the 背刀受け knuckles of the index finger to the web of the thumb; not to be confused with Original Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be “Shuto,” the outer edge of the hand along Back, Back Sword, Exposed (to), Preparedness, the little finger and outer palm) Meaning(s) of the Side, Ridge Saber, Knife Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Kanji Characters Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Jōdan Jūji Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Jyoh Dahn Jyuu Jee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 上段十字受け “Upper Cross Block” Receive, Catch, Original Undergo, Be Exposed Up, Upper, Cross, X-Shape (to), Preparedness, Meaning(s) of the Upward, Top Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Gedan Jūji Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Geh Dahn Jyuu Jee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 下段十字受け “Lower Cross Block” Receive, Catch, Original Undergo, Be Exposed Meaning(s) of the Down, Lower Level Cross, X-Shape (to), Preparedness, Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Hiki Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hee Kee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 引き受け “Pulling/Grasping Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Original Meaning(s) of the Pulling; Influence, Be Exposed (to), Draw, Jerk, Drag, Preparedness, Kanji Characters Lead, Haul, Tug Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Hiji Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hee Jee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 肘受け “Elbow Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Original Meaning(s) of Be Exposed (to), The Elbow Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Hiji Uchi Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hee Jee Uu Chee Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 肘打ち受け “Elbow Strike Block” Original Meaning(s) Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Preparedness, The Elbow Hit, Strike, Blow of the Kanji Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Characters Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Hiza Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hee Zah Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 膝受け “Knee Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Original Meaning(s) of the The Knee Preparedness, or Lap Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Sune Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Suu Neh Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 脛受け “Shin Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Original Meaning(s) of the The Shin, Be Exposed (to), The Lower Front Preparedness, Kanji Characters of the Leg Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Yumi Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Yoo Mee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 弓受け “Bow Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Original Meaning(s) of the Bow (for shooting Preparedness, Arrows),Bow-Shape Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Soku Tei Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Soh Koo Teh Ee Uu Keh “Sole of the Foot Block” Kanji Character(s) 足底受け (Note: In some Karate Glossaries, Receive, Catch, Undergo, the first two characters “Soku” and Original Be Exposed (to), Bottom, Base, “Tei” are sometimes reversed in Meaning(s) of the The Foot, Feet Preparedness, Sole order to read as “Tei Soku Uke”) Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Chūdan Uchi Uke Gedan Barai TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Chew Dahn Uu Chee Uu Keh Geh Dahn Bah Rah Ee Kanji Character(s) 中段内受け下段払い Sweep Out of Receive, Catch, “Middle Inside-out the Way, Undergo, Be Original Clear Out, Block & Lower Exposed (to), Bottom, Meaning(s) of Middle, Inside, Wipe Off, Preparedness, Lower Sweeping Block” Mid-Level Inward Brush Off, the Kanji Stop or Parry Level Drive Away, Characters a Blow, Block, Wield Sustain (a hit) Sideways

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Gedan Uchi Barai TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Geh Dahn Uu Chee Bah Rah Ee

Kanji Character(s) 下段内払い “Outside downward block Sweep Out of the (open hand)” Bottom, Way, Clear Out, Original Meaning(s) of Inside, Lower Wipe Off, Brush Off, Inward the Kanji Characters Level Drive Away, Wield Sideways

Japanese Term Sune Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Suu Neh Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 脛受け “Shin Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Original Meaning(s) of The Shin, Be Exposed (to), The Lower Front Preparedness, the Kanji Characters of the Leg Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Ura Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Rah Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 裏受け “Backhand Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Original Meaning(s) of The Back, Preparedness, The Reverse Side the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Mawashi Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Wah Shee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 回し受け “Roundhouse Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Original Meaning(s) of To Rotate, Preparedness, Go Around the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Moro Te Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Moh Roh Teh Uu Keh “Augmented (Two-

Kanji Character(s) Hand) Block” 双手受け Receive, Catch, (Note: the two characters for “Morote” are also Original Meaning(s) of Undergo, Be Exposed A Set, Hands (to), Preparedness, the Kanji Characters pronounced “Sōshu”, A Pair Stop or Parry a Blow, meaning “Both Hands”) Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Sukui Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Soo Koo Ee Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) すくい受け “Scoop Block”

Receive, Catch, Undergo, “Scooping Block” Original Meaning(s) of Be Exposed (to), Scoop; Scooping Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Nagashi Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Nah Gah Shee Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 流し受け “Sweeping Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Original Meaning(s) of Be Exposed (to), Dashing, Shedding, Washing Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Away, Flowing, Swaying Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Kōsa Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koh Sah Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 受け交差 “Cross Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, (Arms crossed at the wrist) Original Meaning(s) of Be Exposed (to), Intersection, Crossing Preparedness, the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Soku Tei Osae Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Soh Koo Teh Ee Oh Sah Eh Uu Keh “Pressing Block with Kanji Character(s) 足底押え受け the Sole of the Foot”

Receive, Catch, ( Using the sole of the foot Original Undergo, Be Exposed to press down hard Bottom, Base, Hold Down, Press (to), Preparedness, The Foot, Feet against the attacker's Meaning(s) of the Sole Down, Suppress Stop or Parry a Kanji Characters Blow, Block, Sustain ankle, as in a yoko geri. ) (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Soku Tei Harai Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Soh Koo Teh Ee Hah Rah Ee Uu Keh

Kanji “Sole of the Foot Character(s) 足底払い受け Block”

Receive, Catch, Sweep Out of the Undergo, Be Exposed (Foot swung from Original Way, Clear Out, Bottom, Base, (to), Preparedness, outside to inside) The Foot, Feet Wipe Off, Brush Meaning(s) of the Sole Stop or Parry a Off, Drive Away, Kanji Characters Blow, Block, Sustain Wield Sideways (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Hai Soku Barai Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation High Soh Koo Bah Rah Ee Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 背足払い受け “Instep Block”

Receive, Catch, Sweep Out of the Undergo, Be Exposed (Foot swung from Original Way, Clear Out, Back, Back The Foot, (to), Preparedness, inside to outside) Wipe Off, Brush Meaning(s) of the Side, Ridge Feet Stop or Parry a Off, Drive Away, Kanji Characters Blow, Block, Sustain Wield Sideways (a hit)

Japanese Term Otoshi Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Oh Toh Shee Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 落とし受け “Dropping Block” Receive, Catch, Or Undergo, Be Exposed (to), “Descending Block” Original Meaning(s) of the Dropping, Descending, Preparedness, Going Downward Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Kake Uke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Kah Keh Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 掛け受け “Hook Block” Receive, Catch, or Undergo, Be To Hang On, Trap, Exposed (to), “Hooking Block” Original Meaning(s) of the Hang up, Play Against, Preparedness, Put On, Hook onto, Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Catch onto, Snag Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Uchi Yoko Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Chee Yoh Koh Uu Keh Kanji Character(s) 内横受け “Inside Forearm Block” Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed Original Meaning(s) of Inside, Side, (to), Preparedness, Inward Sideways the Kanji Characters Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Tettsui Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Teh ’Tsoo Ee Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 鉄槌受け “Hammerfist Block” Original Meaning(s) Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed Iron, Hammer of the Kanji (to), Preparedness, Stop or Parry a Steel Mallet Characters Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Osae Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Oh Sah Eh Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) 押え受け “Pressing Block” Original Meaning(s) Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed Hold Down, Press Down, (to), Preparedness, of the Kanji Suppress Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain Characters (a hit)

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Names of Blocks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Kuri Uke TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koo Ree Uu Keh

Kanji Character(s) “Inside-Out Circular 繰り受け Elbow Block” Original Meaning(s) Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), of the Kanji Reel, Wind, Spin, Turn Preparedness, Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Characters Sustain (a hit)

Japanese Term Tora Guchi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Toh Rah Goo Chee “Two-Hand Roundhouse Block”

Kanji Character(s) “Double open hand circular block with palm heel 虎口 strike”

(Tora guchi is very common technique in Okinawan-style karate, with roots from Chinese style fighting arts. It is Original Meaning(s) always performed in neko-ashi dachi (cat stance). Point here of the Kanji Tiger Mouth, Maw is to use your hands in close distance confrontation to block Characters and then strike or grab the opponent’s throat and testicles. This is very effective response in close distance.)

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Names of Strikes Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Kō Geki Waza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koh Geh Kee Wah Zah

“Striking Techniques” Kanji Character(s) 攻撃技 (NOTE: The nuance of the word “kogeki” is not simply to “attack” but rather to crush,” “cut Original Destroy, Technique, Craft, down,” or “destroy in a devastating way.”) Attack, Assault, Conquer, Ability, Feat, Skill, Meaning(s) of the Offensive Kanji Characters to Defeat Performance

Japanese Term Tsuki Waza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Tsoo Kee Wah Zah

Kanji Character(s) 突き技 “Punching Techniques”

Original Meaning(s) of the Thrust, Punch, Strike Technique, Craft, Against, Poke, Stab, Ability, Feat, Skill, Kanji Characters Knock Performance

Japanese Term Sei Ken Tsuki ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Say Ken Tsoo Kee

Kanji Character(s) 正拳突き “Squared Fist Strike” “Full, Regular Fist Strike” Straight On, Original Thrust, Punch, Strike Straightforward, Fist Against, Poke, Stab, Meaning(s) of the Exactness, Knock Kanji Characters Correct, Proper,

Japanese Term Shita Tsuki ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Sh ’ Ta Tsoo Kee “Upside-Down Punch” Kanji Character(s) Or “Reverse Strike” 下突き (Striking fist remains palm up. When contact is made your knuckles should, in a whip like motion, push up and Original Meaning(s) of the Thrust, Punch, Strike Down Against, Poke, Stab, into the opponent’s diaphragm then pull back down Kanji Characters Knock and out.)

Japanese Term Hai Tō Tsuki ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation High Toh Tsoo Kee “Open Ridge Hand Strike, with palm facing down” Kanji Character(s) (Using the portion of the hand between the 背刀突き knuckles of the index finger to the web of the thumb; not to be confused with “Shuto,” the Original Thrust, Punch, Strike Back, Back Sword, outer edge of the hand along the little finger Meaning(s) of the Against, Poke, Stab, Side, Ridge Saber, Knife and outer palm) Kanji Characters Knock (33)

Names of Strikes Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Ura Ken ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Rah Ken

“Back Fist (Strike)” Kanji Character(s) 裏拳 ( NOTE: Also referred to as “Ura Uchi”[裏打ち] or “Back Strike” ) Original The Back, Fist Meaning(s) of the The Reverse Side Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Shu Tō Tsuki ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shoo Toh Tsoo Kee

“Sword Hand Strike” or Kanji Character(s) “Knifehand Strike” 手刀突き (Palm facing up, with the striking surface Original Thrust, Punch, Strike Sword, being the outside edge of the hand) Meaning(s) of the The Hand Against, Poke, Stab, Saber, Knife Kanji Characters Knock

Japanese Term Furi Uchi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)

Pronunciation Foo Rhee Uu Chee “Swinging Strike” or Kanji Character(s) “Whiplike Strike” 振り打ち (Using the back of the knuckle as Original the striking point. ) Wave, Shake, Hit, Strike, Beat, Knock, Meaning(s) of the Wag, Swing Smite, Pound in, Punch Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Tettsui Uchi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Teh ’Tsoo Ee Uu Chee

“Hammer Strike” Kanji Character(s) 鉄槌打ち (Resembling swinging a hammer, this closed fist technique is executed using the fleshy side of the fist Original as the striking point.) Iron, Hammer Hit, Strike, Beat, Knock, Meaning(s) of the Steel Mallet Smite, Pound in, Punch Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Ippon Ken ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Eep’pohn Ken

Kanji Character(s) “One Knuckle Fist” 一本拳 (A fist with one knuckle[the first knuckle] extended Original One Cylindrical Meaning(s) of the Object Fist beyond the others of the fist.) Kanji Characters (Finger)

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Names of Strikes Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Ippon Ken Naka Daka TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Eep’pohn Ken Nah Kah Dah Kah

Kanji “Middle Knuckle Fist” Character(s) 一本拳中高 (A fist with one middle knuckle Original One Cylindrical Middle High extended beyond the others Meaning(s) of the Object Fist (i.e., Extended Higher of the fist.) Kanji Characters (Finger) in the Middle)

Japanese Term Nuki Te ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Noo Kee Teh

“Spearhand Strike” Kanji Character(s) 貫手 (The sharp strike of the fingers extended into the soft body parts of your opponent) Original Meaning(s) of Penetrate, Perforate, Shoot Through, Pierce, Hand(s) the Kanji Characters Braced

Japanese Term Ippon Nuki Te ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Eep ’pohn Noo Kee Teh

Kanji “Single Finger Spearhand Strike” Character(s) 一本貫手 (The sharp strike using only one finger Penetrate, extended into the soft body parts of your Original One Cylindrical Perforate, Shoot Object Hand(s) opponent) Meaning(s) of the Through, Pierce, (Finger) Kanji Characters Braced

Japanese Term Nihon Nuki Te ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Ni Hohn Noo Kee Teh

Kanji “Two-Finger Strike” Character(s) 二本貫手 (The sharp strike using only two fingers Penetrate, Original Two Cylindrical extended into the eyes of your opponent) Perforate, Shoot Object(s) Hand(s) Meaning(s) of the Through, Pierce, (Fingers) Kanji Characters Braced

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Names of Strikes Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

ENGLISH Japanese Term Ura Ken Mawashi Uchi TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Rah Ken Mah Wah Shee Oo Chee

Kanji Character(s) 裏拳回し打ち “Flailing Reverse Punch” Original The Back, Hit, Strike, Beat, Meaning(s) of To Rotate, The Reverse Fist Knock, Smite, Go Around the Kanji Side Pound in, Punch Characters

ENGLISH Japanese Term Ura Tei Ago Uchi TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Uu Rah Teh Ee Ah Goh Oo Chee

Kanji Character(s) 裏底顎打ち “Palm Strike to the Jaw” Original The Back, Hit, Strike, Beat, Meaning(s) of Bottom, The Reverse Chin, Jaw Knock, Smite, Base, Sole the Kanji Side Pound in, Punch Characters

Japanese Term Hiji Yoko Uchi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hee Jee Yoh Koh Oo Chee

Kanji Character(s) 肘横打ち “Side Elbow Strike”

Hit, Strike, Beat, Original Meaning(s) of Side, The Elbow Knock, Smite, Sideways the Kanji Characters Pound in, Punch

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Names of Kicks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Geh Ree Geh Ree

“Kick(s)” Kanji Character(s) 蹴 or 蹴り “Kicking” Original Meaning(s)

of the Kanji To Kick Characters

Japanese Term Mae Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Eh Geh Ree

Kanji Character(s) “Front Kick” 前蹴り (Toes are pointed up and the ball of the foot is used as the contact point) Original Meaning(s) of the Front, Forward To Kick Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Gedan Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Geh Dahn Geh Ree

“Groin Kick”

Kanji Character(s) 下段蹴り (NOTE: Also referred as “Kin Geri” or “Kogen Geri”. The foot and the toes Original are pointed straight to the ground as the Lower, To Kick knee and leg are brought up for the kick.) Meaning(s) of the Groin-Level Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Soto Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Soh Toh Geh Ree

Kanji Character(s) 外蹴り “Outside Kick” “Outer Reap Kick” Original Meaning(s) of the Outer, Outside To Kick Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Yoko Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Yoh Koh Geh Ree

Kanji Character(s) 横蹴り “Side Snap Kick” Original Meaning(s) of the Side, Sideways To Kick Kanji Characters

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Names of Kicks Used in Gōjūryū Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term Mawashi Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Wah Shee Geh Ree

Kanji Character(s) “Roundhouse Kick” 回し蹴り or Original “Crescent Kick” To Rotate, To Kick Meaning(s) of the Go Around Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Kansetsu Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Kahn Seh Tsoo Geh Ree

Kanji Character(s) 関節蹴り “Stomping (Knee) Joint Kick”

Original Joint Meaning(s) of the (like the knee, To Kick Kanji Characters elbow, etc.)

Japanese Term Sokutō Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Soh Koo Toh Geh Ree

Kanji Character(s) “Blade Edge Kick” 足刀蹴り (The snap kick that strikes with Original Foot Blade the outer edge of the foot ) Meaning(s) of the The Outer Edge To Kick Kanji Characters of the Foot

Japanese Term Ushiro Geri ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Oo Shee Roh Geh Ree

Kanji Character(s) 後ろ蹴り “Back Kick” “Backward Kick” Original Back, Backward, To Kick Meaning(s) of the Behind Kanji Characters

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Names of Kata Used in Gōjūryū Karate

Japanese Term Kata ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation KahTah

ENGLISH Japanese Term Tai Kyoku TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Tie Kyoh Kuu “First Course” Kanji Character(s) “Beginner Series” 太極 “Main Grounding” (From the “Tai” character The Poles, Polar, Polarity, “Maximum” in “Tai Chi Chuan”) Highest Rank, Extremity, “The Absolute” Original Meaning(s) of Large, Big, Fat, Noble, Reach an Extreme, The “The Great Supporting the Kanji Characters Burly, Deep, Thick, Great, Acme or Height (of Grand, Primary, Something), Exceedingly, Pillar” Upper (First) Very

ENGLISH Japanese Term Geki Sai TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Geh Kee Sigh “To Attack & Destroy”

Kanji Character(s) “Smash and Crash” 撃砕 ( The Gekisai katas are geared to destroying the attacker’s body.) Original Meaning(s) of Attack, Defeat, Conquer, Break, Smash, Crush, the Kanji Characters Destroy Pulverize, Crumble

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Names of Kata Used in Gōjūryū Karate (Continued)

ENGLISH Japanese Term Sai Fa TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Sigh Fah “To Smash and Kanji Character(s) Tear to Pieces” 砕破 ( The first of the classical combative Kata. Kanryo Higaonna Tear, Rip, Rend, Sensei was taught this Kata, along Original Meaning(s) of Break, Smash, Crush, Frustrate, Defeat, Crush, with the other Kata of Goju-Ryu, the Kanji Characters Pulverize, Crumble Destroy, Burst, Rupture, while he studied in China) Breakdown, Wear Out.

ENGLISH Japanese Term San Chin TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Sahn Cheen “(The) Three Battles”

Kanji Character(s) (Sanchin is seen as the corner stone of 三戦 Gōjūryū Karate, representing a quest of mastery over Mind, Body and Spirit [thus the “three battles”]. Sanchin Original Meaning(s) of Battle requires control of both internal and Three external mechanisms, breath control, the Kanji Characters or Conflict muscle control, etc.)

Japanese Term Sei Yun Chin ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Say Yoon Cheen “Control, Suppress Kanji Character(s) and Pull” 制引戦 “Grasping, Pulling and Control, Unbalancing” Regulation, Original Pull, Draw, Tug, Suppress, Battle (The name Seiyunchin implies the use of techniques Meaning(s) of the Haul, Jerk, Drag, to off balance, throw and grapple. Seiyunchin Restrain, or Conflict Kanji Characters Bend, Catch contains close-quartered striking, sweeps, take- Hold Back, downs and throws, but no kicking techniques.) Limit

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Names of Kata Used in Gōjūryū Karate (Continued)

Japanese Term Shi So Chin ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shee Soh Cheen “Four Directions of Conflict”

Kanji Character(s) 四向戦 “To Destroy in Four Directions”

(Shisochin means "battle in four directions". It is of Chinese origin, taught to Kanryo Higaonna by RyuRyuko in China. It employs joint locking and close-quarter fighting. Favored by Miyagi Sensei in his later years, Original Shisochin also translates as "Four Gates of Battle Meaning(s) of the Four Direction Conflict". The idea of four directions can or Conflict Kanji Characters come from the performance of the four shotei in four directions. It can also represent the four elements represented in Chinese medicine (Acupuncture is one) of Wood, Fire, Metal and Water with man representing Earth. .)

Japanese Term San Se Ru ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Sahn Sheh Roo (Literally) “Thirty Six”

Kanji Character(s) 三十六 “(The) 36 Hands or Movements”

(This kata employs many entry, joint attacks and defenses against kicking. An explanation of this and the other Three Ten Six = Thirty Six (36) numerically named Kata is that they refer to a systematic method and understanding of certain groupings of vital Original (Note: The pronunciation “Sanseru” is acupressure points. Meaning(s) of the actually closer to the original Chinese It is this science that the martial arts was based upon and Kanji Characters language pronunciation than Japanese. developed. Feng Yiquan, who lived during the Ming In Japanese, this would normally be Dynasty (1522-1567) developed this particular method pronounced as “Sanjyuroku”) of using variations of "36" forbidden points to defeat his opponents.)

Japanese Term Se Pai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Seh Pie

Kanji Character(s) 十八 (Literally) “Eighteen”

Ten Eight = Eighteen (18) “(The) 18 Hands or Movements”

Original (Note: The pronunciation “Sepai” is (This kata uses many movements that require coordination Meaning(s) of the actually closer to the original Chinese between the hips and hands, with many varied techniques.) Kanji Characters language pronunciation than Japanese. In Japanese, this would normally be pronounced as “Jyuhachi”)

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Names of Kata Used in Gōjūryū Karate (Continued)

Japanese Term Ku Ru Run Fa ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koo Roo Roon Fah “Holding on Long and Kanji Character(s) Striking Suddenly” 久留破 “Holding Your Ground”

(This kata employs a great deal of Tear, Rip, neko-ashi movements and close-quarter evasive Rend, fighting techniques. Kururunfa epitomizes the Frustrate, ideals of Go-"hard” and Ju-"soft". Stance Hold, Defeat, transitions are quick and explosive while the Original remain, Sudden, Crush, hands techniques are employed using Meaning(s) of the Long stay Abrupt Destroy, "muchimi" or a heavy, sticky movement. The 4 Kanji Characters behind, Burst, kanji for "Kururunfa" suggest a strategy of a detain Rupture, reception to an attack, a sense of "sucking" the Breakdown, attack in, perhaps to invite an over-extension of Wear Out. the attack, and then suddenly and abruptly, with devastating effect, destroy the opponent with your own counter strike.)

Japanese Term Sei San ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Say Sahn

Kanji Character(s) (Literally) “Thirteen” 十三 “(The) 13 Hands or Movements” Ten Three = Thirteen (13) (Seisan is believed to be the oldest of all Okinawan Goju- (Note: The pronunciation “Seisan” is Original Ryu Kata, and demonstrates the difference between Go actually closer to the original Chinese Meaning(s) of the (Hard) and Ju (Soft).) Kanji Characters language pronunciation than Japanese. In Japanese, this would normally be pronounced as “Jyusan”)

Japanese Term Su Pa Rin Pei ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Suu Pah Reen Pay

Kanji Character(s) “108 Hands or Movements” 壱百雰八 (The most advanced kata in Gōjūryū Karate, it contains the greatest number of intricate Original One Hundred Fog Eight (8) techniques and variations. It is also known by Meaning(s) of the the older name of “Pitchurrin”.) Kanji Characters Again, Chinese-style pronunciation of the characters is used here, rather than the Japanese pronunciation

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Names of Kata Used in Gōjūryū Karate (Continued)

Japanese Term Ten Sho ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Tehn Sho “Turning Palms” Kanji Character(s) “Rotating Palms” 転掌 (The second "heishu" kata in Goju-Ryu, Tensho is derived from the Chinese form "Rokkishu". Unlike Sanchin, which is almost identical to its Chinese Palm of the counterpart, Tensho is uniquely Okinawan. From his Rotate, Turn, Hand, Hollow understanding of the Kata of Goju-Ryu and the "nature Original Meaning(s) of Remove, Change, of the Hand, of man", Miyagi Sensei developed Tensho to further the Kanji Characters Roll Over, Shift, to Rule, complete his Goju-Ryu system where Sanchin left Transfer to Administer, off. Tensho has many of the same principles of Sanchin to Conduct but goes further to include more intricate concepts of the techniques of Goju-Ryu.)

Miscellaneous Terms

ENGLISH Japanese Term Ji Yū Kumi Te TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Jee Yuu Koo Mee Teh

Kanji Character(s) “Freestyle Sparring” 自由組手 Original Oneself; Means; To Cross, Unite “Freestyle Fighting” with, Grapple Meaning(s) of the Itself Way; Intent Hand or Hands with, Braid Kanji Characters Freedom, Liberty Together

ENGLISH Japanese Term Yakusoku Kumi Te TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation YahKoo SohKoo Koo Mee Teh

Kanji Character(s) 約束組手“Pre-Arranged Sparring” Original To Cross, Unite with, Grapple Meaning(s) of the Promise; Agreement Hand or Hands with, Braid Kanji Characters Together

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Miscellaneous Terms ( Continued )

Japanese Term Taoshi Waza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Tah Oh Shee Wah Zah

Kanji Character(s) 倒し技 “Take-Down Techniques” Fall, Collapse, Drop, Original Technique, Craft, Succumb, Bring down, Ability, Feat, Skill, Meaning(s) of the Throw down, Knock down, Performance Kanji Characters Trip up, Defeat, Overthrow

Japanese Term Nage Waza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Nah Geh Wah Zah

Kanji Character(s) 投げ技 “Throwing Techniques”

Original Technique, Craft, Throw, Pitch, Heave, Toss, Ability, Feat, Skill, Meaning(s) of the Hurl, Throw Away, Kanji Characters Performance

Japanese Term Ne Waza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Neh Wah Zah

Kanji Character(s) 寝技 “Ground Techniques”

Original Technique, Craft, Lying Down, Prostrated, Ability, Feat, Skill, Meaning(s) of the Sprawl, Sleeping Kanji Characters Performance

Japanese Term Gyaku Waza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation GeeYahKoo Wah Zah

Kanji Character(s) “Reversal Techniques” 逆技 “Reversing Techniques” Original Reverse, Inverse, Opposite, Technique, Craft, Meaning(s) of the Traitorous, Act Contrary to Ability, Feat, Skill, Kanji Characters Contrariwise, Visa-Versa Performance

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Miscellaneous Terms ( Continued )

Japanese Term Kokyū Hō ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koh KeeYuu Hoh

Kanji Character(s) 呼吸法 “Methods of Breathing” Original Breathe/Breathing, Method, Law, Rule, Meaning(s) of the Respiration Principle, Technique Kanji Characters

ENGLISH Japanese Term Heikō (or) Kinkō TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hay Koh Keen Koh

Kanji Character(s) 平衡 (or) 均衡 “Balance” Level, Scale, To Level, Scale, Original Peaceful Measuring Rod To Average Measuring Rod Meaning(s) of the Kanji Characters Either Term Means: Balance or Equilibrium

ENGLISH Japanese Term Bu Shi Dō TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Boo Shee Doh “The Way of the Warrior” Kanji Character(s) 武士道 “The Warrior’s Way”

Original Military Arts, Way, Path, Road, Samurai, Man, Meaning(s) of Chivalry, Military Journey, Teachings, “The Samurai Code of Gentleman, Power, Course, Duty, the Kanji Scholar Chivalry” Characters Military Glory Morality

Japanese Term Hisshō ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Hees Shoh

Kanji Character(s) “Certain Victory” 必勝 “Certain Success” Original Certainly, Win, Victory Meaning(s) of the Positively, Prevail, Surpass Kanji Characters Invariably

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Miscellaneous Terms ( Continued )

Japanese Term Yoke ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Yoh Keh

Kanji Character(s) “(a) Dodge” 避け Original “Evade” Avoid, Avert, Keep Aloof From, Stay Away Meaning(s) of the From, Evade, Shirk, Shun Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Aite ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Eye Teh “(Your) Opponent/Adversary” Kanji Character(s) 相手 “The Other Party”

Original Each Other, Hand(s) Meaning(s) of the Fellow, “(One’s) Partner/Companion” Kanji Characters Together

Japanese Term Shime ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shee Meh

Kanji Character(s) “(a) Choke (hold)” 絞め Original “Shimeru = (to) Choke (Someone)” Strangle, Constrict, Wring, Meaning(s) of the Squeeze, Close Tight Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Mamori ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Moh Ree “(a) Defense” Kanji Character(s) 守り “(one’s) Guard” Original Meaning(s) of the Protect, Guard, Defense “Mamoru = (to) Defend (Yourself)” Kanji Characters

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Miscellaneous Terms ( Continued )

Japanese Term Teki ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Teh Kee

Kanji Character(s) 敵 “(one’s) Enemy” Original Meaning(s) of the Enem,; Rival, Opponent Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Tatakai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Tah Tah Kah Ee

Kanji Character(s) 戦い “(a) Fight” Original Meaning(s) of the Battle, Struggle, Fight, Skirmish Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Kumiuchi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Koo Mee Uu Chee

Kanji Character(s) 組み討ち “Grappling” Original Meaning(s) of the Grapple or Struggle (with) Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Osaekomi ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Oh Sah Eh Koh Mee

Kanji Character(s) “(a) Hold (as in wrestling, etc.)” 押さえ込み Original “Osaekomu = (to) Hold” Press Down, Hold Down Into, Towards, Load Meaning(s) of the Suppress Kanji Characters

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Miscellaneous Terms ( Continued )

Japanese Term Makiwara ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Mah Kee Wah Rah

Kanji “(a) Punching Board” Character(s) 巻藁 Roll up , Straw (Literally, “a Bundle of Tightly Packed Original Wind up, Straw” used as a target for striking practice) Meaning(s) of the Bind Up, Kanji Characters A Roll, A Bundle

Japanese Term Mushin ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Muu Sheen

Kanji Character(s) “(having) No Thought” 無心 Original “(having) No Emotion” None Heart, Mind Meaning(s) of the Absence (of) Kanji Characters

Japanese Term Kamiza ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Kah Mee Zah “The Seat of Honor” Kanji Character(s) 上座 The Kamiza is found at the head of the mat or workout area. The Kamiza can be as simple as a picture the founders (Such as Higaonna Sensei, Miyagi Sensei, Yamaguchi Sensei, etc.), or it can be an elaborate shrine. The Kamiza is not merely a decoration. It is a gentle reminder of the source of our art. When a Karateka is at the dojo there are several times when he or she will face the Kamiza and Original Upper Seat Superior bow. The bow is a sign of respect to the Founders, and to thank them Meaning(s) of the Top for what they have passed down to us. The Karateka will bow to the Kanji Characters Highest Kamiza when entering the dojo, when stepping onto the mat, at the beginning of class, at the end of class, when stepping off the mat, and when leaving the dojo.

Japanese Term Shiai ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S) Pronunciation Shee Eye “Sparring Match” Kanji Character(s) 試合 “Sparring Tournament”

Original Testing, Meet, Join Together, Meaning(s) of the Trial, Match With, Mix, “Contest” “Game” Kanji Characters Ordeal Combine

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Primary Schools of Japanese Martial Arts 合気道 Aikidō 合気会 Aikikai 昭道館 Shōdōkan 冨木流 Tomiki-ryu 養神館 Yōshinkan 合気柔術、合気武術 Aikijuujutsu, Aikibujutsu 大東流 Daitō-ryu 居合道 Iaidō 柔道 Jūdō 講道館 Kōdōkan 柔術 Jūjutsu 双水執流 Sōsuishitsu-ryu 発光流 Hakkō-ryu 古武術 Kobujutsu 空手道 Karatedō 剛柔流 Gōjū-ryu 一心流 Isshin-ryu 極真会 Kyokushinkai 誠道会 Seidōkai 糸東流 Shitō-ryu 尚礼館 Shōreikan 少林寺流 Shōrinji-ryu 松濤館 Shotokan 上地流 Uechi-ryu 和道流 Wadō-ryu 剣道 Kendō 真剣道 Shingendō 拳法 Kenpō 少林寺 Shōrinji 弓道 Kyūdō 薙刀道 Naginatadō 忍術、忍法、体術 Ninjutsu, Ninpō, Taijutsu 武神館 Bujinkan 玄武館 Genbukan 自然館 Jinenkan 忍柔会 Ninjuukai 伊賀流 Iga-ryu 流鏑馬 Yabusame

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