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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0242199 A1 Manhas Et Al

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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0242199 A1 Manhas Et Al US 201402421.99A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0242199 A1 Manhas et al. (43) Pub. Date: Aug. 28, 2014 (54) PEST CONTROL FORMULATIONS AND AOIN 43/90 (2006.01) METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME AOIN 65/28 (2006.01) (71) Applicant: 0903608 B.C. Ltd., Vancouver (CA) AOIN 6.5/22 (2006.01) AOIN 6.5/36 (2006.01) (72) Inventors: Karan Manhas, Vancouver (CA); AOIN 25/02 (2006.01) Annett Rozek, Port Moody (CA) AOIN 65/26 (2006.01) (21) Appl. No.: 14/347,219 AOIN37/36 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (22) PCT Filed: Oct. 4, 2012 CPC ................ A0IN 65/42 (2013.01); A0IN 65/26 86) PCT No.: PCT/B2O12/OSS348 (2013.01); A0IN35/04 (2013.01); A0IN 65/24 (86) O (2013.01); A0IN37/36 (2013.01); A0IN 65/28 S371 (c)(1), (2013.01); A0IN 65/22 (2013.01); A0IN 65/36 (2), (4) Date: Mar. 25, 2014 (2013.01); A0IN 25/02 (2013.01); A0IN 43/90 Related U.S. Application Data (2013.01) (60) Provisional application No. 61/652,110, filed on May USPC ........... 424/736: 424/761; 424/739; 424/778: 25, 2012, provisional application No. 61/622,893, 424/745; 424/754; 514/450 filed on Apr. 11, 2012, provisional application No. 61/542,993, filed on Oct. 4, 2011. (57) ABSTRACT Publication Classification (51) Int. Cl Compositions useful for controlling pests are disclosed. In A. oiN 65/42 (2006.01) Some embodiments, the composition includes a pesticidal AOIN35/04 (2006.01) natural oil and a polar aromatic solvent. Methods of making ADIN 65/24 (2006.01) and using the compositions are disclosed. Patent Application Publication Aug. 28, 2014 Sheet 1 of 2 US 2014/0242199 A1 s . Š S. S S. S \r as Yr S S. S. S. Q0 s 80 70 60 W 5} s is Y& Y treate s Control s 40 -- Treated 3. s SErfale . 20 FIGURE 1 Patent Application Publication Aug. 28, 2014 Sheet 2 of 2 US 2014/0242199 A1 s y k - i S. 3. 7t st ^ Formulation 5) * Suspeid SC s to Cotti' - Entreated Control E 3. 5 8 t FIGURE 2 US 2014/0242199 A1 Aug. 28, 2014 PEST CONTROL FORMULATIONS AND higher concentrations it has been reported to demonstrate METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME repellency activity against Some insects for up to six months after application (see Daniel & Smith). These repellency TECHNICAL FIELD characteristics limit neem oils insecticidal activity signifi cantly, since insects are repelled from exposure to the very 0001. Some embodiments of the present invention pertain product that is intended to be insecticidal. Neem oil has been to compositions that can be used to control a variety of pests. shown to prevent egg emergence of Some insects when eggs Some embodiments of the present invention can be used to are treated directly with the oil: See Rahman & Talukder; control arthropods, including insects and arachnids, and/or Ahmed, et al. Neem oil also demonstrates some prevention of other pests. Some embodiments of the present invention can oviposition—of a limited Subset of insects—at higher con be used to control Sucking and biting pests, including e.g. bed centrations (including the maize weevil; see M K Khattak). bugs, mosquitoes, ticks, lice, Stink bugs, flies, cockroaches 0006 Current hypotheses suggest that neem oil may work and moths. Some embodiments of the invention pertain to as a contact killer, as an antifeedant, as an insect-growth methods of using compositions to control pests. Other regulator, a sterilizing agent, a gut motility inhibitor, and/or as embodiments of the invention pertain to methods of making a chitin inhibitor. Azadirachting an important active ingredi compositions to control pests. ent in neem oil has been reported to exhibit antifeedant, repellent, and sterilization activities under certain circum BACKGROUND stances and has been used as a pest control chemical in the 0002 Pest control is an ongoing, worldwide problem. In past (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,556,562). addition to physical means of control that have been practiced 0007 Neem oil and azadirachtin are believed to exhibit for centuries, recent decades have witnessed the emergence complex mechanisms of insect toxicity, including activity and widespread use of hundreds of chemically developed pest upon insect hormonal systems, antifeedant activity, anti repellents, growth regulators, and insecticides. These prod molting activity, and numerous other activities. Neem oil as a ucts are frequently synthetic varieties that are heavily refined pesticide is biodegradable and of low environmental and prior to commercialization—the list includes the pyrethroids human toxicity, exempted from the tolerance requirement by (including deltamethrins, cyfluthryns, etc), DEET and other the United States EPA (see United States Federal Register, aromatic amides, organophosphates, and carbamates. The Volume 60, Number 239, 1995). usefulness of these products is often limited by factors includ 0008 Neem oil has drawbacks as an insecticide. While ing human or environmental toxicity, insect resistance (par effective at preventing molting and exhibiting certain repel ticularly to pyrethroids; see e.g. Romero, et al.), limited dry lency characteristics in Some insects, reports of neem oils residue activity, repellancy and physical factors that make knockdown capability are inconsistent (see e.g. Schumutter), them inappropriate for indoor use (odor, staining). For these and some studies find it less efficient at killing adult insects reasons and due to shifting consumer preference paradigms, than related pesticides (see Pavela). Neem oil has been there is consistently increasing demand for naturally-derived, reported to have poor dry residue pesticidal activity against effective pest control products that overcome these limita most insects, and poor dry residual prevention of egg emer tions. gence and prevention of oviposition against most species of 0003. Some pesticide products are derived from botanical insects. Neem oil has an odor that is offensive to Some people, and other natural Sources; for example the pyrethrin classes of and its odor does not rapidly disperse. pesticides are derived from the pyrethrum daisy, Chrysanthe 0009. Other natural oils have been reported to exhibit mum cinerariaefolium. Other examples include: rotenone, insecticidal or other pest control activities, as are described from the roots of Derris Lonchocarpus; ryania, from the further below. stems of Ryania speciosa; and neem, derived from the leaves, 0010 Pests are a considerable annoyance and health risk. bark, and seeds of Azadirachta indica. For example, in recent years, there has been a resurgence of 0004. The tree Azadirachta indica—in some cases bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) infestations across North referred to as the “Sacred Tree' or “Nature's Pharmacy” America. Bedbugs cause sleeplessness, anxiety, and discom has long been recognized as a source of a wide variety of fort for those affected. Bedbugs are troublesome pests. They useful bioactive compounds. Neem derivatives have demon live and hide in crevices, seams and other Small spaces. They strated effectiveness as moisturizing agents, and neem oil are hard to identify and locate, and can Survive dormant for itself has been used as a treatment for various skin conditions months or a year or more without feeding. They spread by including acne, psoriasis, and chickenpox. It is also used in clinging to Suitcases, furniture and clothing which people toothpastes, as a cooking ingredient, and in pharmaceuticals bring with them from place to place. Current methods of bed for treating a range of symptoms including fever, earache, bug control are expensive and have various limitations, par headache, and serious disorders including diabetes (see e.g. ticularly because products must be applied in sleeping areas Brachmachari). In the agricultural sector, neem oil is consid where the affected individuals are subject to close and lengthy ered an effective measure for the prevention of mildew, exposure. anthracnose, rust, leaf spot, botrytis, scab and alternaria. Its 0011. There remains a need for improved pesticides derivatives have furthermore been described variously as derived from natural sources, pesticides that can prevent egg antiviral, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiseptic. Neem oil eclosion, and pesticides having improved dry residue and and many of its derivatives have also been recognized and prolonged residual activity. used as insect control agents and pesticides. 0005 Neem oil contains dozens of active compounds that SUMMARY kill or repel insects, with demonstrated efficacy against more 0012 Some embodiments of the present invention provide than 375 insect species. It has been recognized as a repellent pesticidal compositions containing a pesticidal natural oil of many pests, particularly insects (see e.g. Mishra, et al). At and/or a component thereof and/or a derivative thereof and a US 2014/0242199 A1 Aug. 28, 2014 polar aromatic solvent. Some embodiments can be used to 0019. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scien control pests by killing the pests, preventing or reducing tific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly feeding, preventing or reducing oviposition, preventing or understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this reducing eclosion of their eggs, or the like. Some embodi invention belongs. Although any methods and materials simi ments exhibit effective or more rapid knockdown pesticidal lar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in activity, dry residue pesticidal activity and/or prolonged the practice or testing of embodiments of the present inven residual pesticidal activity. Some embodiments can be used to tion, preferred methods and materials are described to avoid control pests including insects and/or arachnids, including unnecessarily obscuring the disclosure. arthropods such as bed bugs. 0020. As used herein, “comprises' or “comprising are to 0013. In some embodiments, the pesticidal natural oil is be interpreted in their open-ended sense, i.e.
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