DOCSLIB.ORG

Celestial Pearl Danio” Is a Miniature Danio (S.S) (Ostariophysi: Cyprin- Idae): Evidence from Morphology and Molecules

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Celestial Pearl Danio” Is a Miniature Danio (S.S) (Ostariophysi: Cyprin- Idae): Evidence from Morphology and Molecules Zootaxa 1686: 1–28 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) The “Celestial Pearl danio” is a miniature Danio (s.s) (Ostariophysi: Cyprin- idae): evidence from morphology and molecules KEVIN W. CONWAY, WEI-JEN CHEN & RICHARD L. MAYDEN Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, 3507 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The osteology of the miniature cyprinid Celestichthys margaritatus Roberts, type species of Celestichthys Roberts, is described in detail and briefly compared with that of other members of the Rasborinae (notably Danio (s.s), Danionella, Devario, Esomus, Microrasbora, Paedocypris and Sundadanio). Celestichthys margaritatus possesses an “A” stripe on the anal fin and two pigment stripes on the caudal fin (apomorphic features of Danio sensu Fang, 2003). In addition, C. margaritatus exhibits a median projection on the outer arm of the os suspensorium, a derived feature, present only in spe- cies of Danio (including D. erythromicron) amongst the Cyprinidae, and a lateral projection on the lateral face of the dentary (present only in Danio, Sundadanio and Paedocypris). Phylogenetic analysis of 1,494 bp of the RAG1 nuclear gene for 31 rasborine taxa, including 5 species of Danio, places C. margaritatus as the sister group to D. erythromicron, and part of a larger monophyletic group including all other species of Danio included for analysis. Based on characters of morphology and its position in a molecular phylogeny of the Rasborinae it is proposed that Celestichthys be placed in the synonymy of Danio, its only member referred to as Danio margaritatus new combination. Key words: Cypriniformes; Celestichthys; Danio; osteology; phylogeny; RAG1; miniaturization; taxonomy Introduction Roberts (2007) recently described Celestichthys margaritatus as a new genus and new species of miniature cyprinid fish from Myanmar. This description was greatly anticipated by the aquarist community, to which this species was known under the common name of “Galaxy microrasbora” or “Galaxy rasbora” (Clarke, 2006a,b). These common names, in reference to the spectacular colour pattern of this species (Fig. 1A), are rather confusing as they suggested that the species was a member of either Microrasbora or Rasbora prior to any taxonomic assignment. In its taxonomic description Roberts (2007) inflated the situation by introducing another common name, “Celestial Pearl danio”, in allusion to the small pearly spots along the flanks. Despite the choice of common name, however, Roberts did not place this new species within Danio but instead cre- ated a new generic name, Celestichthys, for the sole inclusion of this miniature species, with slight reference that one other miniature species, Danio erythromicron (Annandale) (refered to as “Microrasbora” erythromi- cron) might also be a congener. Little is known about the ecology of the “Celestial Pearl danio” other than that it inhabits small and shal- low ponds with adundant aquatic vegetation (Roberts, 2007). Until recently the distribution of C. margaritatus was believed to be resticted to the type locality (ponds at the foot of a mountain near Hopong Town, 30km east of Taunggyi, Myanmar; Roberts, 2007). However, it is now known to have a much wider distribution within Myanmar (Clarke, 2007) and has even been reported from Thailand (Hary, 2007). Roberts (2007) diagnosed the genus Celestichthys and its species, C. margaritatus, from all previously known Asian Cyprinidae by its distinctive head and body shape, small upturned mouth with shortened jaws, Accepted by A. Gill: 28 Nov. 2007; published: 21 Jan. 2008 1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • §4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
    §4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm,
    [Show full text]
  • Hardy Tetra Community Aquarium
    Elmer’s Aquarium Community Tank Ideas Tank Size: 10 gal or more H ardy Tetra Community Aquarium Why Keep Them? This community is our most popular community tank for beginners with tanks of 10 to 30 gallons. Tetras represent a large group of fish, and many of them make great choices for a beginner’s community tank. Many tetras are active, colorful, hardy and get along well with other tank mates. Housing: This community tank is suitable for tanks of 10 gallon and up. Filtration can include an AquaClear power filter with a supplemental air pump and sponge filter. They like to swim in the middle water layers. Provide some bushy plants (live or plastic) toward the rear of the tank, and leave the front open for swimming. Water Conditions: Temperature 74-80. pH- (6.6-7.2) Use Seachem Neutral Regulator with each partial water change. Live Plants: Live plants are highly recommended for this community, but not required. Live plants will help bring out the best coloration and behavior in these fish as well as maintain optimal tank conditions. Feeding: Feed this community two to three small feedings per day. Feed flakes, small pellets, and some assorted frozen foods such as mysis shrimp for the most nutrition. How Many? Tetras, Danios, Rasboras, Barbs, Moons and Swordtails are schooling fish and should be bought in groups of at least 3 or more. Tank Mates: Choose other fish of similar size and temperament. Our staff can help you find them in our store. Tetras: Black Skirt Tetra, White Skirt Tetra, Serpae Tetra, Glowlight Tetra, Flame Von Rio Tetra, Bleeding Heart Tetra, Pristella Tetra, Black Phantom Tetra, Red Phantom Tetra, Silver Tip Tetra, Red Eye Tetra, Gold Tetra, Diamond Tetra, Emperor Tetra, GloFish Tetra, Bloodfin Tetra, Head & Tail Light Tetra, Rasboras: Harlequin Rasbora, Brilliant Rasbora, Scissortail Rasbora.
    [Show full text]
  • Blackline Rasbora (Rasbora Borapetensis) ERSS
    Blackline Rasbora (Rasbora borapetensis) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, July 2010 Revised, March 2019 Web Version, 9/13/2019 Photo: Lerdsuwa. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported. Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rasbora_borapetensis.jpg. (March 2019). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2019): “Asia: Mekong [Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam], Chao Phraya and Meklong basins [Thailand]; also northern Malay Peninsula.” “[In Cambodia:] Found in Stung O Krien, Stung Po Ben, Beng Kebal Damrey, Stung Chihreng, Tuk Sap, Snoc Trou, Spean Tros [Kottelat 1985].” 1 “[In Laos:] Found in the middle Xe Bangfai River [Kottelat 1998], Tha Ngon, Tha Bo, Sithan Tay, Pakse, Hatsalao and Pathoum Phon of the Mekong basin [Taki 1974].” “[In Thailand:] Found in Mekong, Meklong and Chao Phraya basins and in the northern Malay Peninsula [Kottelat 1998]. Collected in the Mekong basin at Nam Man about 2 km upstream of Amphoe Dan Sai in Loei Province [Kottelat 1990]; also from Khon Kaen, Chachoengsao, Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Sawan, Nakhon Ratchasima, Narathiwat, Phrae, Chanthaburi, Phitsanulok, Prachin Buri and Surat Thani [Monkolprasit et al. 1997].” From Vidthayanon (2012): “Brunei Darussalam; Cambodia; Indonesia (Sumatera, Kalimantan); Lao People's Democratic Republic; Malaysia (Sarawak, Sabah, Peninsular Malaysia); Thailand; Viet Nam” Status in the United States No records of Rasbora borapetensis in the wild in the United States were found. R. borapetensis is in trade in the United States. From That Pet Place (2019): “Brilliant Rasbora – Rasbora borapetensis $1.99” Means of Introductions in the United States No records of Rasbora borapetensis in the wild in the United States were found.
    [Show full text]
  • GO Aquatics LLC Specials 04/19/2021 – 04/24/2021
    GO Aquatics LLC SUPER LOT SPECIALS Phone: 612-379-1315 Fax: 612-379-1365 [email protected]_______________ 176003 Jack Dempsey, MS +12 Lot Specials 04/19/2021 – 04/24/2021 176003 Jack Dempsey, MS +25 Lot Buy any GLO Tetra 25+ to receive Special lot 179017 Gold Angel Ram, XL +6 Lot Price (Longfin not included) ------------ -------------------------------------- There is a 10 lot minimum on ALL items $0.75 and under, and $150.00 order minimum on all GO Aquatics deliveries, not counting frozen 120403 Flying Fox( Kalopetrerus)MS and animals. 130284 Red/Orange Chromide SpeeDee Customers We highly urge you to make sure your order is 131102 Dwarf Pea Puffer sent to our office 24 hours before you would like it 134503 Silver Halfbeak, MS shipped. We recommend that Customers ordering for 136004 Australian Rainbow, M Speedee Delivery to order Monday thru 140202 Banjo Catfish, S Wednesday to assure they get there orders 160004 Mixed African Cichlid, M $50.00 minimum on any frozen food shipped. Orders received after 12pm might not be shipped 160009 Mixed African, Jumbo the same day. We will always do our best to get 160054 Blue Peacock Cichlid, M orders Processed and Delivered. 160134 OB Peacock Cichlid, M We do our best to keep up with weather in our 160794 Hap. Albino Blue Dolphin, M delivery area, but things can change quickly in the winter. 161974 Mel. Auratus, Albino, M Help inform us on your weather so we can 162255 Electric Blue Maingano, ML help plan your shipment accordingly. Prices and Availability subject to change without notice 162406 Ps.
    [Show full text]
  • Morpho-Meristic Characteristics of Moustached Danio, Danio Dangila
    International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2017; 5(2): 389-393 E-ISSN: 2347-5129 P-ISSN: 2394-0506 (ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62 Morpho-meristic characteristics of moustached Danio, (GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549 IJFAS 2017; 5(2): 389-393 Danio dangila (Hamilton, 1822) from North-East hilly © 2017 IJFAS www.fisheriesjournal.com region of India Received: 22-01-2017 Accepted: 23-02-2017 Tania Banerjee, BK Mahapatra and BC Patra Tania Banerjee ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, 32 GN Abstract block, Sec-5, Salt Lake City, Morphological analysis (morphometric and meristic) was done with the objective to study and analyze Kolkata, West Bengal, India. the Morphometric, Meristic measurements and identification of Danio dangila (Hamilton,1822)from different areas of North-East India mainly from Assam, Meghalaya, Alipurduar during the period of July BK Mahapatra 2015 to September 2016. Eighteen Morphometric measurement and ten meristic counts were studied for ICAR-Central Institute of twenty five numbers of Danio dangila. The coefficients of correlation (r) for various characters were Fisheries Education, 32 GN found between 0.162-0.988. Some significant high correlation (like 0.988, 0.977 and 0.952) and low block, Sec-5, Salt Lake City, correlation like (0.162, 0.463) is found in some parameters. This study can be helpful for future research Kolkata, West Bengal, India. and preparing of conservation strategy. BC Patra Aquaculture Research Unit, Keywords: Morphometric, meristic, Danio dangila, correlation, regression, Ornamental Department of Zoology, VidyasagarUniversity, 1. Introduction Midnapore, West Bengal, India. Danio dangila is one of the popular ornamental fish of the Danionin group.
    [Show full text]
  • Low-Temperature Tolerances of Tropical Fish with Potential Transgenic Applications In
    Canadian Journal of Zoology Low -temperature tolerances of tropical fish with potential transgenic applications in relation to winter water temperatures in Canada Journal: Canadian Journal of Zoology Manuscript ID cjz-2017-0043.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 13-Jul-2017 Complete List of Authors: Leggatt, Rosalind; Department of Fisheries and Oceans, CAER Dhillion, Rashpal;Draft University of British Columbia, Zoology; University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery - Epigenetics Mimeault, Caroline; Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Aquaculture, Biotechnology and Aquatic Animal Health Branch Johnson, Neville; Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Aquaculture, Biotechnology and Aquatic Animal Health Branch Richards, Jeffrey; University of British Columbia, Department of Zoology Devlin, Robert; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, ANIMAL IMPACT < Discipline, COLD HARDINESS < Discipline, GENETIC Keyword: ENGINEERING < Discipline, TEMPERATURE < Discipline, FRESHWATER < Habitat, TEMPERATE < Habitat, FISH < Taxon https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjz-pubs Page 1 of 35 Canadian Journal of Zoology 1 1 Low-temperature tolerances of tropical fish with potential transgenic applications in 2 relation to winter water temperatures in Canada 3 R.A. Leggatt, R.S. Dhillon, C. Mimeault, N. Johnson, J.G. Richards, R.H. Devlin 4 5 Corresponding author: R.A. Leggatt: Centre for Aquaculture and the Environment, Centre for 6 Biotechnology and Regulatory Research, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 4160 Marine 7 Drive, West Vancouver, BC, V7V 1N6, Canada, Email: [email protected], 8 Tel: +1-604-666-7909, Fax: +1-604-666-3474 9 R.S. Dhillon 1: Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200-6270 University 10 Blvd. Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada, [email protected] 11 C.
    [Show full text]
  • Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus Opercularis)
    animals Article Housing, Husbandry and Welfare of a “Classic” Fish Model, the Paradise Fish (Macropodus opercularis) Anita Rácz 1,* ,Gábor Adorján 2, Erika Fodor 1, Boglárka Sellyei 3, Mohammed Tolba 4, Ádám Miklósi 5 and Máté Varga 1,* 1 Department of Genetics, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 2 Budapest Zoo, Állatkerti krt. 6-12, H-1146 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 3 Fish Pathology and Parasitology Team, Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungária krt. 21, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] 4 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt; [email protected] 5 Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (M.V.) Simple Summary: Paradise fish (Macropodus opercularis) has been a favored subject of behavioral research during the last decades of the 20th century. Lately, however, with a massively expanding genetic toolkit and a well annotated, fully sequenced genome, zebrafish (Danio rerio) became a central model of recent behavioral research. But, as the zebrafish behavioral repertoire is less complex than that of the paradise fish, the focus on zebrafish is a compromise. With the advent of novel methodologies, we think it is time to bring back paradise fish and develop it into a modern model of Citation: Rácz, A.; Adorján, G.; behavioral and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo) studies. The first step is to define the Fodor, E.; Sellyei, B.; Tolba, M.; housing and husbandry conditions that can make a paradise fish a relevant and trustworthy model.
    [Show full text]
  • Celestial Pearl Danio", a New Genus and Species of Colourful Minute Cyprinid Fish from Myanmar (Pisces: Cypriniformes)
    THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2007 55(1): 131-140 Date of Publication: 28 Feb.2007 © National University of Singapore THE "CELESTIAL PEARL DANIO", A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF COLOURFUL MINUTE CYPRINID FISH FROM MYANMAR (PISCES: CYPRINIFORMES) Tyson R. Roberts Research Associate, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. - Celestichthys margaritatus, a new genus and species of Danioinae, is described from a rapidly developing locality in the Salween basin about 70-80 km northeast of Inle Lake in northern Myanmar. Males and females are strikingly colouful. It is apparently most closely related to two danioins endemic to Inle, Microrasbora rubescens and "Microrasbora" erythromicron. The latter species may be congeneric with the new species. The new genus is identified as a danioin by specializations on its lower jaw and its numerous anal fin rays. The colouration, while highly distinctive, seems also to be characteristically danioin. The danioin notch (Roberts, 1986; Fang, 2003) is reduced or absent, but the danioin mandibular flap and bony knob (defined herein) are present. The anal fin has iiiSVz-lOV: rays. In addition to its distinctive body spots and barred fins the new fish is distinguished from other species of danioins by the following combination of characters: snout and mouth extremely short; premaxillary with an elongate and very slender ascending process; mandible foreshortened; body deep, with rounded dorsal and anal fins; modal vertebral count 15+16=31; caudal fin moderately rather than deeply forked; principal caudal fin rays 9/8; scales vertically ovoid; and pharyngeal teeth conical, in three rows KEY WORDS. - Hopong; principal caudal fin rays; danioin mandibular notch, knob, and pad; captive breeding.
    [Show full text]
  • Resource Enhancement and Sustainable Aquaculture Practices in Southeast Asia 2014 (RESA)
    Challenges in Responsible Production of Aquatic Species Proceedings of the International Workshop on Resource Enhancement and Sustainable Aquaculture Practices in Southeast Asia 2014 (RESA) Maria Rowena R. Romana-Eguia Fe D. Parado-Estepa Nerissa D. Salayo Ma. Junemie Hazel Lebata-Ramos Editors Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center AQUACULTURE DEPARTMENT Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines www.seafdec.org.ph Challenges in Responsible Production of Aquatic Species Proceedings of the International Workshop on Resource Enhancement and Sustainable Aquaculture Practices in Southeast Asia 2014 (RESA) August 2015 ISBN: 978-971-9931-04-1 Copyright © 2015 Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center Aquaculture Department Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without the permission in writing from the publisher. For inquiries SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department Tigbauan 5021, Iloilo, Philippines Tel (63-33) 330 7030; Fax (63-33) 330 7031 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.seafdec.org.ph On the cover Logo design courtesy of Mr. Demy D. Catedral of SEAFDEC/AQD International Workshop on Resource Enhancement and Sustainable Aquaculture Practices in Southeast Asia (2014: Iloilo City, Philippines). Resource enhancement and sustainable aquaculture practices in Southeast Asia: challenges in responsible production of aquatic species : proceedings of the international workshop on resource enhancement and sustainable aquaculture practices in Southeast Asia 2014 (RESA) / Maria Rowena R. Romana-Eguia, Fe D. Parado-Estepa, Nerissa D. Salayo, Ma. Junemie Hazel L. Ramos, editors. -- Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines : Aquaculture Dept., Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, 2015, ©2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Resolving Cypriniformes Relationships Using an Anchored Enrichment Approach Carla C
    Stout et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2016) 16:244 DOI 10.1186/s12862-016-0819-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Resolving Cypriniformes relationships using an anchored enrichment approach Carla C. Stout1*†, Milton Tan1†, Alan R. Lemmon2, Emily Moriarty Lemmon3 and Jonathan W. Armbruster1 Abstract Background: Cypriniformes (minnows, carps, loaches, and suckers) is the largest group of freshwater fishes in the world (~4300 described species). Despite much attention, previous attempts to elucidate relationships using molecular and morphological characters have been incongruent. In this study we present the first phylogenomic analysis using anchored hybrid enrichment for 172 taxa to represent the order (plus three out-group taxa), which is the largest dataset for the order to date (219 loci, 315,288 bp, average locus length of 1011 bp). Results: Concatenation analysis establishes a robust tree with 97 % of nodes at 100 % bootstrap support. Species tree analysis was highly congruent with the concatenation analysis with only two major differences: monophyly of Cobitoidei and placement of Danionidae. Conclusions: Most major clades obtained in prior molecular studies were validated as monophyletic, and we provide robust resolution for the relationships among these clades for the first time. These relationships can be used as a framework for addressing a variety of evolutionary questions (e.g. phylogeography, polyploidization, diversification, trait evolution, comparative genomics) for which Cypriniformes is ideally suited. Keywords: Fish, High-throughput
    [Show full text]
  • Two New Species of Microrasbora from Thailand and Myanmar, with Two New Generic Names for Small Southeast Asian Cyprinid Fishes (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)
    J. South Asian Nat. Hist., ISSN 1022-0828. May, 1999. Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 49-56,10 figs. © Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, 95 Cotta Road, Colombo 8, Sri Lanka. Two new species of Microrasbora from Thailand and Myanmar, with two new generic names for small Southeast Asian cyprinid fishes (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) Maurice Kottelat * and Kai-Erik Witte ** * Case postale 57, CH-2952 Comol, Switzerland (address for correspondence); and School of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260. Email: [email protected] ** Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstrasse 35/III, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. Abstract Two new species of Microrasbora are described, M. kubotai from the western (Andaman Sea) slope of Peninsular Thailand and M. nana from the lower Sittang basin in Myanmar. Microrasbora erythromicron is transferred to Danio sensu lato. Two new genera are described, Sundadanio (type species: Rasbora axelrodi) and Trigonostigma (type species: R. heteromorpha). Introduction The genus Microrasbora was created by Annandale aQuarium trade since a few years ago. The purpose (1918: 50) for two species of diminutive cyprinids of the present paper is to make names available for discovered in Inle Lake, Burma (now Myanmar), M. these two species and for two long-recognised but rubescens (the type species of the genus) (Fig. 1) and still unnamed genera of diminutive Southeast Asian M. erythromicron (Fig. 2). Annandale also tentatively cyprinids. placed in the genus two species known from the Malay Peninsula, Rasbora maculata Duncker, 1904 and Material and methods R. heteromorpha Duncker, 1904. These last two spe­ Methods for counts and measurements follow cies have never been considered as members of Kottelat & Vidthayanon (1993).
    [Show full text]
  • BMC Evolutionary Biology Biomed Central
    BMC Evolutionary Biology BioMed Central Research article Open Access Evolution of miniaturization and the phylogenetic position of Paedocypris, comprising the world's smallest vertebrate Lukas Rüber*1, Maurice Kottelat2, Heok Hui Tan3, Peter KL Ng3 and Ralf Britz1 Address: 1Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK, 2Route de la Baroche 12, Case postale 57, CH-2952 Cornol, Switzerland (permanent address) and Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260 and 3Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260 Email: Lukas Rüber* - [email protected]; Maurice Kottelat - [email protected]; Heok Hui Tan - [email protected]; Peter KL Ng - [email protected]; Ralf Britz - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 13 March 2007 Received: 23 October 2006 Accepted: 13 March 2007 BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007, 7:38 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-38 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/7/38 © 2007 Rüber et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Paedocypris, a highly developmentally truncated fish from peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia, comprises the world's smallest vertebrate. Although clearly a cyprinid fish, a hypothesis about its phylogenetic position among the subfamilies of this largest teleost family, with over 2400 species, does not exist.
    [Show full text]