ᖹᡂ 19 ᖺᗘ

Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲

ሗ࿌᭩

ᖹᡂ 20 ᖺ 3 ᭶ ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ

㸦㈈ᅋἲேࢩࢵࣉ࣭࢔ࣥࢻ࣭࣮࢜ࢩࣕࣥ㈈ᅋ㸧 ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋࡣࠊே㢮࡜ᾏὒࡢඹ⏕ࡢ⌮ᛕࡢࡶ࡜ࠊᾏὒ࣭ἢᓊᇦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅖၥ㢟

࡟ศ㔝ᶓ᩿ⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡲࡍࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࠾ࡼࡧ࢔ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ 21 ࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿ᪂

ࡓ࡞ᾏὒ⛛ᗎࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡢ୰࡛ࠊᅜ㝿♫఍ࡀᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞Ⓨᒎࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ⥲ྜⓗ࣭⤫

ྜⓗ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽㄪᰝศᯒࡋࠊᗈࡃ♫఍࡟ᥦゝࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

άືෆᐜࡣࠊᾏୖ஺㏻ࡢᏳ඲ࡸᾏὒởᰁ㜵Ṇ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࠊᮏ㈈ᅋࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ඛ㥑ⓗ࡟

ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓศ㔝ࡣࡶࡕࢁࢇࡢࡇ࡜ࠊἢᓊᇦࡢ⤫ྜⓗ࡞⟶⌮ࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡸ኱㝣

Ჴ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞㛤Ⓨ࡜㈨※ࡢ฼⏝ࠊᾏὒࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ࠊᾏὒᩍ⫱࡞࡝ከᒱ࡟ࢃࡓࡾࡲ

ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ◊✲άືࢆᢸ࠺ࡢࡣࠊ♫఍⛉Ꮫࡸ⮬↛⛉Ꮫࢆᑓᨷ࡜ࡍࡿⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࠊ⤒㦂

㇏ᐩ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢱ࣮ࠊࡑࢀࢆᨭ࠼ࡿࢫࢱࢵࣇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊෆእ࡛ά㌍ࡍࡿ

➨୍⥺ࡢ᭷㆑⪅ࡢࡈ༠ຊࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁ࡞ࡀࡽࡢ◊✲άືࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ࡛ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘࠊ➇⯲ࡢ஺௜㔠࡟ࡼࡿ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࡢᨭ᥼ࢆཷࡅࠊ⮬

↛⛉Ꮫ࡜♫఍⛉Ꮫࡢ୧㠃࠿ࡽ㺀Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲㺁ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ

◊✲ࡢ᭦࡞ࡿⓎᒎ࡜ᅜ㝿ⓗどⅬࢆຍ࠼ࡓඛᑟ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘࡼࡾ 3 ࣨᖺィ⏬࡛

㺀Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲㺁ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ

ᮏሗ࿌᭩ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 19 ᖺᗘ࡟⾜ࡗࡓἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭෌⏕➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣࡢᩚ

⌮࣭ศᯒࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝࠊཬࡧ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳά

ືࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ࡜ࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢㄪᰝ◊✲ࡀἈࣀ㫽ᓥࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿᓥࡢ⟶

⌮ᨻ⟇ࡢ⟇ᐃཬࡧᅜẸࡢ⌮ゎႏ㉳ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᙺ❧ࡘࡇ࡜ࢆᮇᚅࡋࡲࡍࠋ

 ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊᮏ᭩ࡢసᡂ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢⓙᵝࠊ㈨ᩱࡢ཰㞟

➼࡟ࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡢ᪉ࠎࠊᮏ஦ᴗࢆᨭ᥼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࠊࡑࡢ

௚ከࡃࡢ༠ຊ⪅ࡢⓙᵝ࡟ཌࡃᚚ♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᮏㄪᰝ◊✲ࡣᖹᡂ 20 ᖺᗘࡶᘬࡁ

⥆ࡁᐇ᪋࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࡢ࡛ࠊಸᪧࡢࡈᨭ᥼ࠊࡈᣦᑟࢆ࠾㢪࠸ࡍࡿḟ➨࡛ࡍࠋ

ᖹᡂ 20 ᖺ 3 ᭶

ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ

఍㛗 ⛅ᒣᫀᘅ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍

㸦 ጤ ဨ 㸧 ᰩ ᯘ ᛅ ⏨  㸦ጤဨ㛗㸧 ៞ᛂ኱Ꮫ ྡ㄃ᩍᤵ ኱ ᳃   ಙ  㜿჆ᓥ⮫ᾏ◊✲ᡤ ᡤ㛗 ຍࠎ⨾ ᗣ ᙪ  㫽ྲྀ⎔ቃ኱Ꮫ ㅮᖌ ⱴ ᰿   ๰  ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔 ⌮Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉ ᩍᤵ ᯘ   ྖ ᐉ  ᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ ἲᏛᏛ⾡㝔 ᩍᤵ ⸨ ⏣ ࿴ ᙪ  ⌰⌫኱Ꮫ ⌮Ꮫ㒊 ຓᩍ ᒣ ᙧ ಇ ⏨  ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔 ⌮Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉ ᩍᤵ࣭๪◊✲⛉㛗 ᒣ ᓮ ဴ ⏕  (⊂㸧⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ ᆅ㉁᝟ሗ◊✲㒊㛛 ୺௵◊✲ဨ ᑎ ᓥ ⣫ ኈ  ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ ᖖົ⌮஦

㸦 ࢜ࣈࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ 㸧 Ἡ    ᏹ  ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ Ἑᕝᒁᾏᓊᐊ ᾏὒ㛤Ⓨᑂ㆟ᐁ ຍ ⪑ 㡰 ஓ㸦㸨㸧ᮾி㒔 ⏘ᴗປാᒁ ㎰ᯘỈ⏘㒊Ỉ⏘ㄢ ௻⏬ㄪᩚಀ୺௵ ⸨஭኱ᆅ㸦㸨㸧ྠୖಀ㛗 ⥥ ㈏   ၨ  ᰴᘧ఍♫࢔ࣝࣇ࢓Ỉᕤࢥࣥࢧࣝࢱࣥࢶ ᢏ⾡➨஧㒊㒊㛗 㟷 ⏣   ᚭ  ᰴᘧ఍♫୙ືࢸࢺࣛ ⥲ྜᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ ᡤဨ  ❑ ⏣ ᪂ ୍  ➲ᕝᖹ࿴㈈ᅋ ஦ᴗ㒊 ୖᖍ◊✲ဨ ኱ ᡞ ⠊ 㞝  ➲ᕝᖹ࿴㈈ᅋ ➲ᕝኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜᇶ㔠 ஦ᴗᐊ ୺௵◊✲ဨ ྂ ᕝ ⚽ 㞝  ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋ ᾏὒࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ ᾏὒᩍ⫱ࢳ࣮࣒࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ 㧗 ᶫ 㞝 ୕      ྠ  ୖ    ᾏὒᩍ⫱ࢳ࣮࣒ᢸᙜ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮

㸦㸨㸧ே஦␗ື࡟క࠸➨㸱ᅇἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍ࡼࡾ⸨஭Ặࡀཧຍ

㸦஦ົᒁ㸧 Ⳣ ཎ ၿ ๎  ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ ᨻ⟇◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㛗 ኱ ᕝ   ග  ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ ᾏὒ◊✲ࢳ࣮࣒㛗 Ḉ ஭ ୍ ᏹ  ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ ᨻ⟇◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ ◊✲ဨ ୰ ᓥ ᫂ 㔛       ྠ   ୖ ⚟ ᓥ ᭸ ᙪ       ྠ   ୖ ┾ ᒾ ୍ ᖾ       ྠ   ୖ ┠ḟ

ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲఍࣓ࣥࣂ୍࣮ぴ

㸯㸬஦ᴗࡢᴫせ ···················································································································· 1 㸦㸯㸧⫼ᬒ ··························································································································· 1 㸦㸰㸧඲యィ⏬ ···················································································································· 1 㸦㸱㸧ᮏᖺᗘᐇ᪋㡯┠ ········································································································· 2

㸰㸬ㄪᰝ◊✲ෆᐜ ················································································································ 4 㸦㸯㸧Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭෌⏕➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣࡢᩚ⌮࣭ศᯒ ······························· 4 a. ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ································································································ 4 b. Ỉ⏘ᗇࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ········································································································· 11 c. ᮾி㒔ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ········································································································ 16 d. ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ···································································································· 20 㸦㸰㸧ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝ ·························································································· 22 a. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ······················································································································ 22 b. ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜࡢᴫせ ························································································· 22 c. ᐇែㄪᰝࡢᴫせ ·········································································································· 23 d. ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ ······················································································································ 24 e. ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ···································································································· 28 㸦㸱㸧ྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ ··················································································· 32 a. ⫼ᬒ ······························································································································ 32 b. 㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ ···································································································· 33 c. ᓥࡢ⿵ᙉࡢ஦౛࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ ·············································································· 41 d. ྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡲ࡜ࡵ·················································································· 50 㸦㸲㸧࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື ····································································································· 55 a. 㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ ··············································································································· 55 b. ᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊 ········································································································ 56 c. ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ࣭ኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒࣭ࣛኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍ ······················· 56

㸱㸬ᓥࡢไᗘ࡜ࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࠖࡢἲⓗᆅ఩㸦ᰩᯘᛅ⏨㸧 ····················································· 58

㸲㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ····································································································· 72  ㈨ᩱ

㧝㸬ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ㈨ᩱ ································································· 76 㸦㸯㸧 ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ᶵ㛵ࡢᴫせ ···························································································· 76 㸦㸰㸧 ゼၥ┠ⓗࡢㄝ᫂ ····································································································· 79 㸦㸱㸧 ⡆᫆㉁ၥ≧ ··········································································································· 80 㸦㸲㸧 ཧຍ⪅ ··················································································································· 8 2

㧞㸬࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ㈨ᩱ ············································································ 83 㸦㸯㸧 㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ ㅮ⩏㈨ᩱ ······················································································ 8 3 㸦㸰㸧 ᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊 ㅮ⩏㈨ᩱ ·············································································· 91 㸦㸱㸧 ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ࣭ኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍ ㅮ₇㈨ᩱ ·· 95 㸯㸬஦ᴗࡢᴫせ

㸦㸯㸧⫼ᬒ ᡃࡀᅜ᭱༡➃࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡣ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴ➼ࢆタᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ㔜せ ࡞㝣ᇦ࡜఩⨨௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࡢᓥ࡟ࡣࠊ⥔ᣢ෌⏕ࠊ฼ά⏝ཬࡧἲⓗᆅ఩࡞࡝ࠊ ᪩ᛴ࡟᳨ウࡍ࡭ࡁㄢ㢟ࡀṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘሗ࿌᭩㸧ࠋ ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋࡢ୺ദࡍࡿἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲఍ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 17 ᖺ 3 ᭶࡟Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ෌⏕ィ⏬ࢆ⧳ࡵࠊ ྠᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ෌⏕ᢏ⾡ࡢ᪉ྥᛶࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋྠィ⏬ࡢⓎ⾲ࠊ୪ࡧ࡟ඛࡔࡗ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋ ࡢ⌧ᆅどᐹ࡟ࡼࡾࠊᅜෆእ࡟࠾࠸࡚Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡬ࡢ㛵ᚰࡀ㧗ࡲࡾࠊᖹᡂ 17 ᖺࡢᖺᗘ㏵୰࠿ࡽ Ỉ⏘ᗇࠊᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ཬࡧᮾி㒔ࡀྠᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ⟶⌮࣭฼⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ ᙜ㈈ᅋ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ㐍ᤖࢆぢᏲࡾࡘࡘࠊᓥ࠾ࡼࡧ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮࡟ࡘ࠸ ࡚ᢏ⾡ཬࡧἲᚊࡢ୧㠃࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ࢆᛕ㢌࡟⨨࠸ࡓ᳨ウࢆ⾜ ࠺ࡓࡵࠊᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ 3 ࣨᖺ࡟ࢃࡓࡾࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ෌⏕ཬࡧᓥࡢ⟶⌮ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟㛵ࡍࡿ ඛᑟⓗ࡞◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓࠋ  㸦㸰㸧඲యィ⏬  ᮏᖺᗘㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ๓㏙ࡢㄢ㢟ࢆᛕ㢌࡟⨨ࡁࠊᅜෆ≧ἣ࡟ὀどࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ ど㔝ࢆࡶࡗ᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ๓⪅࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅜෆ㛵ಀ┬ᗇࡸ⮬἞య➼ࡢ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྲྀࡾ ⤌ࡳࡢ࡞࠿ࡢ┠ⓗࡸ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋࠊ୍᪉ᚋ⪅࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ἲ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥࡢᆅ ఩ࠊㅖእᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇែࠊྠᵝ࡞ၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼ࡿᓥᕋᅜ࡜ࡢၥ㢟ඹ᭷໬ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࡢ⟶ ⌮ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ໟᣓⓗ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ

⾲ 1-(1)-1 ඲యィ⏬

㡯┠ 㸯㸶ᖺ 㸯㸷ᖺ 㸰㸮ᖺ

㛵ಀ┬ᗇࡢືࡁ ᅜෆࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠉࠉ 㛵㐃⮬἞యࡢືࡁ

ᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢᆅ఩ ᅜ㝿ⓗ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ ㅖእᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇែ

ᓥᕋᅜ࡜ࡢၥ㢟ඹ᭷໬

ಶู࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ ᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡢᬑཬၨⵚ 㸦࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳࢆྵࡴ㸧 ۔ ᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘

㸫㸫 㸦㸱㸧ᮏᖺᗘᐇ᪋㡯┠ ᮏᖺᗘㄪᰝࢆ a. Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ⥔ᣢ෌⏕➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣࡢᩚ⌮࣭ศᯒࠊb. ኴᖹὒᓥ ᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝࠊc. ྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝࠊཬࡧ d. ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάືࠊ࡟༊ศࡋࠊ ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ୗグࡢㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

a. Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ⥔ᣢ෌⏕➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣࡢᩚ⌮࣭ศᯒ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜෆࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆᩚ⌮࣭ศᯒࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ௨ୗࡢᶵ㛵ࢆᑐ ㇟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣ࡜௒ᚋࡢணᐃࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ (a)ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬Ἑᕝᒁᾏᓊᐊࠊᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤ㸧 (b)Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ⁺ ⁺ሙᩚഛ㒊ࠊ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேỈ⏘⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠊ㜿჆ᓥ⮫ᾏ ◊✲ᡤ㸧 (c)ᮾி㒔㸦ᮾி㒔⏘ᴗປാᒁ㎰ᯘỈ⏘㒊ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥά⏝᥎㐍ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ᳨ウጤဨ఍㸧

b. ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝ ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࡜ᓥࡢ⟶⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿඹ㏻ㄢ㢟ࢆ᥈ࡿࡓࡵࠊୗグࡢᶵ㛵ࢆゼၥࡋࠊᐇົᐙ࣭ ◊✲⪅➼࡜ពぢ஺᥮ࡋࡓࠋ ࣭ ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ㸦USP: The University of the South Pacific㸧 ࣭ ኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ஦ົᒁ (PIF: Pacific Islands Forum) ࣭ ኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍㸦SOPAC: Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission㸧

c. ྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ ᓥࡢ⟶⌮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢྛᅜࡢ஦౛ࢆ඘ᐇࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࠊୗグࡢᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ஦౛ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ ࣭㇦ᕞ㸦Ashmore reef ➼㸧 ࣭ ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ㸦Kolbeinsey ᓥ㸧 

d.࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື  ኱Ꮫ➼ࡢㅮ₇࣭ពぢ஺᥮ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᓥၥ㢟ࡢᬑཬၨⵚ࡟ດࡵࡓࠋ  (a)㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ  (b)᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫ  (c)༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ࣭ኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒࣭ࣛኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍

㸫㸫 ⾲ 1-(3)-1.ᖹᡂ 1㸷ᗘάືෆᐜ

ᖹᡂ 1㸷ᖺᗘࡢάື୍ぴ㸦ᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ࣭࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࠊ㟁ヰཬࡧ࣓࣮ࣝ࡟ࡼࡿㄪᰝࡣ┬␎㸧

ᖹᡂ㸯㸷ᖺ 㸲᭶㸰㸰᪥㸸 ᅜ㝿ࢧࣥࢦ♋࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢳࣈ㸦ICRI㸧⥲఍㛤ദグᛕࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘        㸨୰ᓥ᫂㔛ࠊ┾ᒾ୍ᖾ◊✲ဨ 㸴᭶ 㸲᪥㸸 Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍ࡢタ⨨୪ࡧ࡟ጤဨࡢጤკ 㸴᭶ 㸴᪥㸸 ⮬↛⎔ቃ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮◊✲ဨ࡜㠃ㄯ 㸨ᅜ㝿ࢧࣥࢦ♋ᖺࡢグᛕ⾜஦࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗ཰㞟 㸴᭶㸰㸳᪥㸸 ➨㸯ᅇἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍㛤ദ 㸵᭶ 㸴᪥㸸 㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ⤒῭Ꮫ㒊ࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽࠖ࡟࡚ㅮ₇ 㸨୰ᓥ᫂㔛◊✲ဨ 㸶᭶㸰㸰᪥㸸 ᮾி኱Ꮫⱴ᰿◊✲ᐊゼၥ࣭ᡴྜࡏ 㸨Ὢᓥࡘࡃࡾ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ඲యィ⏬ࡢᡴࡕྜࢃࡏ 㸷᭶㸯㸲᪥㸸 ᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫඵᾏᒣࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮ࣁ࢘ࢫ࡟࡚ㅮ₇ 㸨ὸ἟㈗அ◊✲ဨ 㸷᭶㸯㸵᪥㸸 ༡ኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍㸦623$&㸧ࠊኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ 3,)   㹼㸰㸰᪥  ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ 863  ࡟࡚᝟ሗ཰㞟㸦࠸ࡎࢀࡶࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜ㸧        㸨ᰩᯘᛅ⏨ጤဨ㛗ࠊ┾ᒾ୍ᖾ◊✲ဨ 㸯㸮᭶㸰㸷᪥㸸 ➨㸰ᅇἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍㛤ദ 㸯㸯᭶㸱㸮᪥㸸 ᮾி㒔୺ദ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛཧຍ         㸨⚟ᓥ᭸ᙪࠊ୰ᓥ᫂㔛◊✲ဨ 㸯㸰᭶㸰㸵᪥㸸 ᮾி኱Ꮫⱴ᰿◊✲ᐊゼၥ࣭ᡴྜࡏ         㸨ᓥᕋᅜࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ㛤ദ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚  ᖹᡂ㸰㸮ᖺ 㸯᭶㸱㸮᪥㸸 ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤゼၥ        㸨ᅜࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗ཰㞟 㸨┾ᒾ୍ᖾ◊✲ဨ 㸯᭶㸱㸯᪥㸸 ⎔♋ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘஦๓࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉཧຍ  㸰᭶㸯᪥ྠୖ        㸨┾ᒾ୍ᖾࠊ୰ᓥ᫂㔛ࠊ⚟ᓥ᭸ᙪ◊✲ဨ  㸰᭶ 㸰᪥㸸 ⎔♋ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ཧຍ 㸨┾ᒾ୍ᖾ◊✲ဨ 㸱᭶㸯㸯᪥㸸 ➨㸱ᅇἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍㛤ദ



㸫㸫 㸰㸬ㄪᰝ◊✲ෆᐜ

㸦㸯㸧Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣࡢᩚ⌮࣭ศᯒ ᮏㄪᰝ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ἲᚊࠊᢏ⾡࠾ࡼࡧ฼⏝ࡢㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᛕ㢌࡟⨨ࡁࠊ ᅜ㝿ⓗ࠿ࡘ⥲ྜⓗ࡞どⅬ࡛ࠊ⟶⌮᪉⟇ࢆ᥈ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ⠇ࡣୖグ┠ⓗࢆ ཷࡅ࡚ᅜࡲࡓࡣᮾி㒔ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ a. ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࡟࠾ࡅࡿἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣࠊ໭ᑠᓥࠊᮾᑠᓥࡢᾐ㣗࡟࠾࠸࡚Ỉἐࡢ ᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ᫛࿴ 62 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽࡢㆤᓊタ⨨࡞࡝ࡢᕤ஦ࡢᐇ᪋࡞࡝ࡀ௦⾲ⓗ࡞ ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊྠᓥ࿘㎶ᇦࡢཝࡋ࠸⮬↛᮲௳ࡢࡶ࡜ㆤᓊࡢ◚ᦆ࡞࡝ࡢຎ໬ࡀᛴ㏿࡟㐍⾜ ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࢆཷࡅࠊྠ┬ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 11 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᾏᓊἲࡢᨵṇ࡟ࡼࡾ┤᥋⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ ࡞ࡾࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ⥔ᣢ࣭ಖ඲ࡢ୺ᑟⓗ࡞ᶵ㛵࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳෆᐜ ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣ୺࡟ࠊಖ඲ᕤ஦ࠊࡑࡢᐇ⾜᫬࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓྠᓥෆ࣭࿘㎶࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ ↛᮲௳ࡢㄪᰝࡢ஧ࡘ࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᮏࢧࣥࢦ♋Ꮫ఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ᭱㏆㸰ᖺ㛫࡛ᩘ௳ࡢ ㄪᰝሗ࿌ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

(a) ಖ඲ᕤ஦ ⾲ 2-(1)-1 ࡟᫛࿴ 62 ᖺ࠿ࡽ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୺࡞ಖ඲ᕤ஦ࡢෆᐜࢆ࠶ࡆࡿࠋ

⾲ 2-(1)-1 ಖ඲ᕤ஦㸦᫛࿴㸴㸰ᖺ௨㝆㸧

᫛࿴㸴㸰ᖺ㹼ᖹᡂඖᖺ ໭ᑠᓥ࣭ᮾᑠᓥࡢಖ඲ᑐ⟇ᕤ஦ ᖹᡂ㸰ᖺ㹼ᖹᡂ㸳ᖺ ほ ᡤᇶ┙ᕤ஦ ᖹᡂ㸯㸮ᖺ ᮾᑠᓥ࡟ࢳࢱࣥ〇ࢿࢵࢺࢆタ⨨ ᖹᡂ㸯㸴ᖺ ほ ᪋タୖ࡟㹁㹁㹒㹔࣓࢝ࣛࢆタ⨨ ᖹᡂ㸯㸵ᖺ ໭ᑠᓥࢆᅖࡴࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺࡢㆤᓊ࡟ఫᡤࢆ♧ࡍ㖭ᯈࡢྲྀࡾ௜ ࡅ ⾨ᫍᅇ⥺ࢆ౑ࡗࡓ㸰㸲᫬㛫┘ど࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ほ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢタ⨨ ᖹᡂ㸯㸷ᖺ ࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥⅉྎࠖࡢ㐠⏝㛤ጞ 

ୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊಖ඲ᕤ஦ࡣ୺࡟ࠊㆤᓊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᕤ஦㸦໭ᑠᓥࠊᮾᑠᓥࡢಖ඲㸧࡜ࡑࡢ⊂≉ ࡞ᆅ⌮ⓗ᮲௳ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ᪋タࡢᘓタᕤ஦࡟ศࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡶࠊᓥ⮬యࡢỈἐ㜵Ṇ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ ㆤᓊࡢ⥔ᣢࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠊ࿘㎶࡟㝣ᆅࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ᆅ⌮ⓗ᮲௳ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ Ẽ㇟࣭ᾏ㇟ほ ࠊ⁺ሙ㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝ࠊࢃࡀᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭷┈࡜࡞ࡿ฼⏝㠃࠿ࡽࡢᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨࡀ

㸫㸫 ᚲせ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚᮶ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

(b) ⮬↛᮲௳ࡢㄪᰝ ྠᓥࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡣࡑࡢᾏᇦࡢ⮬↛᮲௳ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊᓥෆ࡛◁♟ ࡢ㐠ᦙ㔞࡞࡝ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊὶࢀሙࡢほ ࡣゝ࠺ࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊ⢭ᗘⰋࡃᩘ್ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡼࡾ⢭ᐦ࡞ᾏᗏᆅᙧࡢ᝟ሗ࡞࡝ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࡛ࡣࠊྠᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᜏஂⓗ࡞ಖ඲ᑐ⟇ࡢ⟇ᐃࠊᾏᓊ࣭⎔ቃಖ඲ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼㐺ṇ࡞ ฼⏝ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟⮬↛᮲௳ࡢྛ✀ㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⾲ 2-(1)-2 ࡣᖹᡂ 17 ᖺ 6 ᭶ࡲ࡛࡟࡞ࡉࢀࡓྠᓥෆ࣭࿘㎶࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬↛᮲௳ࡢㄪᰝෆᐜ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ

⾲ 2-(1)-2 ㄪᰝ㸦H㸯㸵ᖺ㸴᭶ࡲ࡛㸧 㡯┠ ᴫせ ᆅᙧ࣭ᆅ㉁ ᆅᙧ≉ᛶ ᓥࡢᙧ≧ࠊࢧ࢖ࢬࠊỈ῝ࠊ♋ᩳ㠃ࡢ໙㓄࡞࡝ ᆅẆኚື㸬ᆅ㟈 ᆅ㟈ィ㸦㸱࢝ᡤ㸧 ࣮࣎ࣜࣥࢢ ᭱኱᥀㐍῝ᗘ㸷㸮㹫㸦ᖹᡂඖᖺ㸧ࠊᇶ┙ᒾ☜ㄆㄪ ᰝ㸦ᮍ☜ㄆ㸧ࠊᖺ௦ ᐃ࡟ࡼࡿᓥࡢᙧᡂ㐣⛬᥎ᐹ ᗏ㉁㸦⢏ᗘ㸧 ࣮ࣜࣇ඲య㸸ᖹᡂ㸳ᖺ௨㝆⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ ྛᑠᓥ࿘㎶ࡢሁ✚◁♟㸦2mm ௨ୖ㸧ࡢ๭ྜ 80㸣 ௨ୖ㸦ᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ㸧㸼♋ụෆ 1-59㸣㸦 ᫛ ࿴ 63 ᖺ㸧ࠊ 4-59㸣㸦ᖹᡂඖᖺ㸧 ᗏ㉁㸦ᙉ⇕ῶ ᙉ⇕ῶ㔞ࠊCOD㸦᫛࿴ 63 ᖺᗘㄪᰝ㸧ࠊᖹᡂ 5 ᖺ 㔞࣭COD㸧 ௨㝆ࡇࢀࡽࡢศᯒㄪᰝࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ ᗏ㉁(ᡂศศᯒ) ┠ど࡟ࡼࡿᡂศศᯒ㸦▼⅊⸴ࠊ᭷Ꮝ⹸࡞࡝ࡢᏑᅾ ☜ㄆసᴗࠊᖹᡂඖᖺᗘ㸧ࠊᖹᡂ 5 ᖺ௨㝆⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ ࠸࡞࠸ Ẽ㇟ Ẽᅽ Ꮨ⠇ኚືࠊᖺኚື ᪥↷᫬㛫 ᖺኚື ᪥ᑕ㔞 ᖺᖹᆒࠊᖺኚື ྎ㢼 ㏻㐣㢖ᗘ 㢼ྥ ༟㉺㢼㸦ᮾ໭ᮾཬࡧᮾࡢ㢼㸧ࠊ᭶ู㸸ᮾ໭ᮾ࠿ࡽ ໭ᮾ㸦10㹼2 ᭶㸧ࠊᮾ༡ᮾ㹼ᮾ㸦6㹼7 ᭶㸧 㢼㏿ 10m/s ௨ୗ㸦88%௨ୖ㸧ࠊ᭱኱㢼㏿ 40.1m/s Ẽ ᖹᆒ㸦27.1Υ㸧ࠊᖺኚື ‵ᗘ ᖹᆒ 78.1%ࠊᖺኚື ᾏ㇟ ₻఩ 1990 ᖺ㹼1998 ᖺࡢ 9 ᖺ㛫ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒࠊ᪤ ᭱ 㧗₻఩࡞࡝ Ἴᾉ ᮾཬࡧすഃ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࣇ㸸Ꮨ⠇ኚ໬ࠊᖹᡂ 11 ᖺ 12 ᭶ࡼࡾỈᅽᘧἼ㧗ィࠊᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶࠿ࡽ㉸㡢 ἼᘧἼ㧗ィ㸦ỈᅽᘧἼ㧗ィేタ㸧㸩㟁☢ὶ㏿ィ࡟

㸫㸫 ࡼࡿ㛗ᮇほ ᮾᑠᓥ࣭༡ᮾ㒊㸸ᖹᡂඖᖺ 10 ᭶࠿ࡽࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒࠊ ᖺኚ໬ ᪤ ᭱኱ἼࠊᖺᩘᅇἼࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᖹᆒἼ 㛗࿘ᮇἼ సᴗᇶᆅ࣭ᮾഃ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࣇ㸸Ἴ㧗ࠊ࿘ᮇ ࣮ࣜࣇෆ࡛ࡢ㛗࿘ᮇἼ࡜▷࿘ᮇἼࡢ㛵ಀ ὶἣ ᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶㹼ᖹᡂ 13 ᖺ 6 ᭶ࡢ࣮ࣜࣇෆ 5 ᆅ Ⅼ࡛ࡢほ ⤖ᯝࠊᏘ⠇ኚ໬ ὠἼ ᆅ㟈Ⓨ⏕᫬้࠿ࡽὠἼ฿㐩ண᝿᫬้௜㏆ࡲ࡛ࡢ Ỉ఩࡞࡝ࡢ⤒᫬ኚ໬ࡼࡾࠊᆅ㟈ὠἼἼᙧࢆᤊ࠼ࡿ ⁻◁ ◁♟ศᕸ ࣮ࣜࣇᮾഃ୰ኸ㒊࡛ከࡃぢࡽࢀࡿࠊ෇ᙧㆤᓊ༡ഃ ࡟᪂ࡋࡃሁ✚ ⁻◁㔞 㧗Ἴᾉ᮶く᫬࡟༟㉺Ἴྥࡢ㐽᩿ᇦഃ࡬⛣ືࠊ࣮ࣜ ࣇෆࡢ◁♟㔞㸸ᖹᆒ◁♟ᒙཌ㸯㹡㹫 ⁻◁≉ᛶ ᗏ㉁⛣ືࡢእຊࡢ㝈⏺ࡣ H1/3 ࡛ 0.5m ⛬ᗘ௨ୖࠊ ᖹᆒὶ㏿ 30cm/s ⛬ᗘ௨ୖ ࣮ࣜࣇෆࡢ 1 ᖺ㛫㸦ᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶㹼ᖹᡂ 13 ᖺ 6 ᭶㸧ࡢほ ⤖ᯝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃゎᯒ㸦S㹼SW ᪉ྥ࡬ࡢ ⁻◁ࡀ༟㉺㸧 ࣮ࣜࣇෆእ࡛ࡢ⏕⏘◁♟㔞ࡼࡾࡣࡿ࠿࡟኱ࡁ࠸ ⁻◁㔞ࠊᵓ㐀≀ࡢ㐽᩿ᇦࡲࡓࡣฝพࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ࢧࣥ ࢦ♋㛫࡟ሁ✚ Ỉ㉁ 㞵Ỉ ᆅ⌫ほ ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢどⅬ࡛ㄪᰝ

ᾏỈ ࣮ࣜࣇෆ 3 ᆅⅬ࡜࣮ࣜࣇእ 4 ᆅⅬ࡛ࣂࣥࢻ࣮ࣥᆺ ᥇Ỉჾ࡟ࡼࡿ᥇Ỉ࡛Ỉ῝ศᯒ㸦㏱᫂ᗘࠊỈ ࠊሷ ศࠊpHࠊDOࠊSSࠊCODࠊࢡࣟࣟࣇ࢕ࣝȘࠊ㟁 Ẽఏᑟᗘ㸧 ࢧࣥࢦ ࢧࣥࢦࡢฟ⌧✀ ᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶ࡢ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ ศᕸ≧ἣ ♋ཎࠊᮾഃࡢᖹᆠ࡞ᒾ♋ᖏ࣮ࣜࣇእ࡛ࡢ⿕ᗘࠊᖹ ᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶࣮ࣜࣇᮾす༡໭ 4 ࣛ࢖ࣥࡢእ⦕㒊♋ ᩳ㠃ࡢࣛ࢖ࣥㄪᰝࠊ᫛࿴ 63 ᖺ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ῶᑡ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ᐃⅬほ 㸦ࢥࢻ ᖹᡂ 11 ᖺ 12 ᭶࠾ࡼࡧᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶⌧ᆅㄪᰝࠊ ࣮ࣛࢺ㸧 ⿕ᗘ࣭⩌యᩘࡢ⌧㇟ ⛣᳜ᐇ㦂 ᖹᡂ 3 ᖺࡢ⛣᳜ࠊᖹᡂ 5 ᖺࠊ11 ᖺ࡟ィ ࠊᖹᡂ 11 ᖺ᫬࡛ࡢ⏕ṧ⋡㸸㸲㸳㸣㸦ࣁ࣐ࢧࣥࢦࡢࡳ㸧 ᗏ⏕⏕≀ ᗏ⏕⏕≀ ᫛࿴ 63 ᖺᗘࣀ࣮ࣜࣇෆ 3 ࢝ᡤࢹᐇ᪋ࡋࡓㄪᰝ ᖹᡂ 5 ᖺ௨㝆ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸

㸫㸫 ࣉࣛࣥࢡࢺࣥ ᳜≀ࣉࣛࣥࢡࢺ ᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶⌧ᆅㄪᰝࠊฟ⌧✀࣭ฟ⌧㔞 ࣥ Ѝ ㈋ᰤ㣴࡞ᾏᇦ ື≀ࣉࣛࣥࢡࢺ ᫛࿴ 63 ᖺ㸸ࢿࢵࢺἲ 5 ᆅⅬࠊᖹᡂ 3 ᖺ㸸᥇Ỉἲ ࣥ 7 ᆅⅬ ฟ⌧✀࣭ฟ⌧㔞 㨶㢮࣭⸴㢮ࡑࡢ௚ 㨶㢮 ⏕ᜥᒓᩘ ⏕≀ ௜╔⏕≀ ᫛࿴ 63 ᖺࡢほ ᡤ㊧ほᐹࠊ₻㛫ᖏࡢ⏕≀ᒙࡣ㈋ ᙅ ᾏ⸴㢮 ᖹᡂ 12 ᖺࡢ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ ▼⅊⸴ ᖹᡂඖᖺ♋ཎ 4 ᆅⅬ࡛ࡢㄪᰝ 㣗ᐖ⏕≀ ࢧࣥࢦ♋ࡢ⏕≀ᾐ㣗ㄪᰝ ⸛⸴ ᖹᡂ 3 ᖺࢧࣥࢦⓑ໬㒊ศ࡬ࡢ╔⏕ࠊᖹᡂ 4㸪5 ᖺ ࡢ㏣㊧ㄪᰝ Ჲ⓶ື≀ ฟ⌧✀࣭ฟ⌧㔞ࠊᖹᡂ 12 ᖺ 6 ᭶ࡢ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ

⾲ 2-(1)-3 ࡣᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘ࡟࡞ࡉࢀࡓㄪᰝෆᐜ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ࡞࡝ࡢㄪᰝ㡯┠ࡶྵࡴ㸧ࠋ

⾲ 2-(1)-3 ᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘ ⌧ᆅㄪᰝᡂᯝࡢᴫせ

㡯┠㸦ㄪᰝ୺య㸧 ┠ⓗ ⤖ᯝᴫせ ࢧࣥࢦ⏕⫱≧ἣ ࢧࣥࢦ⏕⫱⎔ቃ ࣮ࣜࣇෆࡢẚ㧗㸰㹫௨ୖࡢࣃࢵࢳ࡛ࢧࣥࢦࡢ⿕ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࣭ ᢕᥱ ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ࣃࢵࢳ࿘㎶࡛ࡶᇶ┙ࡢ⿕ᗘࡣప࠸ ◁♟ศᕸ ◁♟㔞࠾ࡼࡧሁ ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺ 1 ᭶ࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡢሁ◁◁♟ࡢศᕸഴྥ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸧 ✚≀ᵓᡂᮦᩱࡢ ࡣࠊᖹᡂ 5 ᖺ 5 ᭶࡜㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᢕᥱ ሁ✚ཌࡣᖹᡂ 5 ᖺࡼࡾࡶቑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡀ ከ࠸ ᗏ㉁⢏ᚄࡣ໭ᮾഃ࡛⣽࠿ࡃすഃ࡛Ⲩ࠸ഴྥࡀ࠶ ࡿ ᗏ㉁ᵓᡂᡂศࡣ඲యⓗ࡟▼ࢧࣥࢦ㢮ࡀከ࠸࡯࠿ ほ ᡤᇶ┙࿘㎶࡞࡝࡛㕲∦ࡀከ࠸ࠋ▼Ⅳ⢊ࡣᮾഃ ༙ศ࡟ከࡃศᕸࠋ᭷Ꮝ⹸㢮Ẇࡣ඲࡚ࡢᆅⅬ࡛㸯㸣 ᮍ‶ࠋ ♋ᕊୖほᐹ ᭷Ꮝ⹸ࡢ⏕ᜥ≧ ໭ഃ♋ᕊୖ࡛᭷Ꮝ⹸ࡢ⏕ᜥࢆ♧ࡍࢱ࣮ࣇ࢔ࣝࢪ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸧 ἣᢕᥱ ࣮ࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ᭷Ꮝ⹸ࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ༡ഃ♋ᕊୖ࡛ࡣ୧⪅࡜ࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ ᭷Ꮝ⹸᥇ྲྀ ᭷Ꮝ⹸ࡢヨᩱ᥇ ♋ᕊࠊ♋†ෆ࡜ࡶ◁ࡢሁ✚࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿ᭷Ꮝ⹸✀ࡣ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸧 ྲྀ ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࣮ࣜࣇෆࡢ໭すഃ࡜༡ᮾഃ࡟ Solites ᒓ㸦㸽㸧ࡢ᭷Ꮝ⹸ࡀከࡃศᕸ

㸫㸫 ᗏ⏕ື≀ ࢧࣥࢦ⏕⫱ಁ㐍 ⸴㢮ࢆᤕ㣗ࡋ࡚ࢧࣥࢦࡢ⏕⫱ಁ㐍࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿ⏕ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸧 ᐤ୚✀ࡢ⏕ᜥᐇ ≀✀ࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡞࠸ ែᢕᥱ ὶἣ ࢧࣥࢦࡢ⏕⫱⎔ ♋ෆࡢ୰ኸ௜㏆࣭St.B ࡛ࡣἼ㧗ࡣ 30cm ௨ୗࠊ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࣭ ቃㄪᰝ Ἴྥࡣ NNEࠊὶ㏿ࡣ 15cm/s ௨ୗࠊὶྥࡣ SSW Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ⯟㊰㒊ࡢ⁻◁ᐇ ࡀ༟㉺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ ែࡢᢕᥱ 㛤ཱྀ㒊ࡢὶ㏿ࡣᾏᗏ㠃࡛ 20㸣⛬ᗘపࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ ࡿࡀࠊὶྥࡣỈ῝᪉ྥ࡟୍ᵝỈ ࠊሷศࡶỈ῝᪉ ྥ࡟୍ᵝ࡛࠶ࡿ ⁻◁ࢺࣛࢵࣉ ࢧࣥࢦ⏕ᜥ⎔ቃ ࢧࣥࢦ㢮ࡢẚ㍑ⓗከࡃ⏕ᜥࡍࡿ St.A ࡢ᪉ࡀᑡ࡞ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࣭ ࣊ࡢ⁻◁ࡢᙳ㡪 ࠸ St.B ࡼࡾࡶᤲὶ◁ࡢ㔞ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࠋᾋ㐟◁࡟ࡘ Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ࡢᢕᥱ ࠸࡚ࡣ໭ྥᾋ㐟◁ࡣ⣽♟㹼⣽◁ࡢ๭ྜࡀ㧗ࡃ༡ ◁♟ὶືᐇែࡢ ྥᾋ㐟◁ࡣࢩࣝࢺ࣭⢓ᅵᡂศࡢ๭ྜࡀ㧗࠸ ᢕᥱ ⁻◁ࡣ໭ྥࡁࠊἼᾉὶ㏿ࡣ༡ྥࡁࡀ༟㉺ࡋ࡚࠾ ࡾࠊἼᾉ࣭ὶ㏿࡜⁻◁ࡢ᪉ྥࡀ␗࡞ࡿ ▼Ⅳ⢊ศᕸ ◁♟ὶື≉ᛶࡢ ▼Ⅳ⢊ࡣ࣮ࣜࣇᮾഃࡢࡳ࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ໭ᮾ㒊 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࣭ ᢕᥱ ࡢሁ◁ᇦ࡟ከ࠸ࠋ⯟㊰㒊ࡢ♋እ࡛▼Ⅳศࡀ☜ㄆࡉ Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ࢀࡓࠋᮾி㒔ࡢㄪᰝ࡛᧜ᙳࡉࢀࡓ෗┿ࡢࡼ࠺࡞▼ Ⅳศࡢᅛ╔ࡣ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ Ỉ㉁ ◁♟⏕⏘㔞ࡢᢕ ♋ෆእࡢ᥇Ỉࢧࣥࣉࣝࡢศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ pHࠊ࢔ࣝ࢝ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸧 ᥱ ࣜᗘࠊⅣ㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢศᕸࡣ♋ෆ࡜♋እ࡛㖄┤ Ỉ㉁⎔ቃࡢᢕᥱ ᪉ྥ࡟␗࡞ࡿ Ỉ ᖹᆒ 27㹼28Υ ⛣᳜ᐇ㦂ࣔࢽࢱ ⛣᳜࣭ቑṪࢧࣥ ╔ᗋල࡬ࡢࢧࣥࢦᗂ⏕௜╔ࢆ☜ㄆࠋྠ୍ᮦᩱ࡛ẚ ࣜࣥࢢ㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻ ࢦࡢ⏕ᜥᐇែㄪ ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ഃ㠃ࡢ⫱ᡂࡀⰋ࠸ഴྥࡀ࠶ࡾࠊኳ➃㠃ࡣ ┬㸧 ᰝ ᾏ⸴ࡀ⏕⫱ࢆ㜼ᐖࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ Ỉ୰ග㔞Ꮚ ↷ᗘ࡜ࢧࣥࢦᡂ Ỉ୰ග㔞Ꮚࡣ᪥୰ 500mol/੍/s㸦✵୰࡛ࡣ 1600 mol/ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸧 㛗㔞ࡢ㛵ಀᢕᥱ ੍/s㸧ࡲ࡛ୖ᪼ࠋග㔞ᏊࡣỈ῝ࡀὸ࠸࡯࡝ከࡃࠊ῝ ࠸࡯࡝ᑡ࡞࠸㸦ࢧࣥࢦࡢᡂ㛗㔞࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣศᯒ୰㸧ࠋ ࢧࣥࢦ᥇ྲྀ࣭ ࢧࣥࢦࡢヨᩱ᥇ ୍ḟㄪᰝ㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧㸸࣑ࢻࣜ࢖ࢩ㸦14 ⩌య㸧ࠊゎ DNA ゎᯒ ྲྀ ᯒࡋࡓ㜿჆ᓥࡢ 6 ✀ࡢࢧࣥࢦ࡜㑇ఏᏊⓗ࡟᫂☜ 㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࣭ ࡞㐪࠸ࡣ↓࠸ࠋゎᯒ⩌యࢆቑࡸࡋูࡢ㡿ᇦ࡜ࡢẚ Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ㍑ゎᯒࡀᚲせࠋ ➨஧ḟㄪᰝ㸦ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㸧㸸⏕Ṫ⭢ほᐹ⏝ 35 ヨᩱࠊ DNA ゎᯒ⏝ 5 ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࠋ ༸࣭⛶௘ ᙜᾏᇦ࡛⏕ᜥࡍ ♋እ༡ഃ࡛ࣈࢲ࢖⛉༸ࡀ᥇ྲྀࡉࢀࡓࠋ 㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ࡿࠊⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ✀ ⛶௘ࡣ 25m ௨῝࡛᥇ྲྀࡉࢀࠊ♋እࡢ༡ഃ࡛ࡣࣁ ࡢᢕᥱ ࢲ࢝࢖࣡ࢩ┠ࡀከ࠸ ⁺ᴗ㈨※ Ỉ⏘᭷⏝✀ࡢᢕ ᗏ่ࡋ⥙࡛ࢼࣥࣚ࢘ࢠ࣓ࣥࠊ࠿ࡈ⥙࡛࢚ࣅ㢮㸦ࢱ 㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ᥱ ࣛࣂ࢚ࣅ㸧ࡀከࡃᤕ⋓ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

㸫㸫 ࢧࣥࢦ⩌㞟⏕ែ ࢧࣥࢦ⩌㞟࡜㨶 ໭ഃࡣᖹᆠ࡞ᒾ┙࡛ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ༢ㄪ࡞ᆅᙧ࡛࠶ 㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ௓㢮ࡢ㛵ಀᢕᥱ ࡿࠋᮾ࠿ࡽ୰ኸ࡟ྥ࠿࠺࡟క࠸ࣁ࣐ࢧࣥࢦᒓࡀぢ ࡽࢀࠊᒾ♋࡟ࡼࡾ㉳అ࡟ᐩࢇࡔᆅᙧ࡜࡞ࡾ㨶㢮ࡣ ከ࠸ࠋすഃ࡟ࡣ࣑ࢻࣜ࢖ࢩᒓࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ ₻ὶ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࿘㎶ᾏ ♋እࡢ໭ഃࡣ SSW ࡢὶྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ༡ഃ 㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ᇦࡢὶື⎔ቃࣀ ࡣ୙つ๎࡞ὶࢀ࡛࠶ࡾ㢼ἣ࡟ࡼࡿኚ໬ࡶ♧၀ࡉ ᢕᥱ ࢀࡓࠋ STD ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢỈሢ Ỉ῝⣙ 100m ࡛㌍ᒙࢆ☜ㄆࠋ27Υ㸦100m ࡲ࡛㸧ࠊ 㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ᵓ㐀ᢕᥱ 10Υ㸦500m ௜㏆㸧ࠊ⣙ 2Υ㸦2000m㸧 ሷศ 34㹼35psu ࣉࣛࣥࢡࢺࣥ Ỉ⏘⏕≀ࡢ㣵⎔ ♋ෆ࡛ࡣ⸛⸴㢮ࡀඃ༨ࠋ♋እ࡛ࡣ⌛⸴㢮ࡀඃ༨ 㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ቃ࡜⏕⏘ຊᢕᥱ ࡋࠊᓥ༡㒊࡛ࡣ⸛⸴㢮ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ ື≀ࣉࣛࣥࢡࢺࣥࡣࠊ♋ෆ࡛ࡣ⠇㊊ື≀ࡀከࡃࠊ ≉࡟すഃ࡯࡝ከ࠸ഴྥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࠋ♋እ࡛ࡣࠊỈ῝ 25m ௨῝࡟ぢࡽࢀࠊ᫨ኪࡢ㖄┤ศᕸࡸ✀⤌⧊࡟ ᫂░࡞㐪࠸ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ᗏ㉁ Ỉ⏘⏕≀⏕ᜥ⎔ ⯟㊰㏆ࡃ㸦Ỉ῝ 230m㸧࡛ࡣ୰◁ࡀከࡃࠊ▼Ⅳ⢊ 㸦Ỉ⏘ᗇ㸧 ቃࡢᢕᥱ ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ⯟㊰࠿ࡽࡸࡸ㞳ࢀࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸦Ỉ῝ 400m㸧࡛ࡣ⢒♟ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ῝ᒙỈ ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢỈሢ ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᆅⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⾲ᒙ࡜Ỉ῝ 1000m ࡢỈ 㸦Ỉ⏘኱Ꮫᰯ㸧 ᵓ㐀ࡢᢕᥱ ᕪࡣ⣙ 19Υ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋDO ࡣỈ῝ 500m ௨ὸ࡛ ࡣ 4mg/l ௨ୖࠊỈ῝ 800m ࡛ࡣ 1.6mg/l ࡟పୗࡋ ࡓࠋࣜࣥ㓟⃰ᗘࡣỈ῝ 1000m ௜㏆࡛ 3.6㹼4.8ȣ M ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

(c) Ꮫ఍Ⓨ⾲ ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࡟ࡼࡾ⾜ࢃࢀࡓㄪᰝࡣ➨㸷ࠊ㸯㸮ᅇ᪥ᮏࢧࣥࢦ♋Ꮫ఍࡟࠾࠸࡚බ㛤Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ௨ୗ࡟ࠊㅮ₇㢟┠ࢆグ㍕ࡍࡿࠋ ➨㸷ᅇ᪥ᮏࢧࣥࢦ♋Ꮫ఍ 1. Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ♋ụෆ࡟⏕ᜥࡍࡿ㐀♋ࢧࣥࢦ㢮ࡢ⏘༸ᮇ࡜▼⅊⏕⏘㔞ࡢ᥎ᐃ ➨㸯㸮ᅇ᪥ᮏࢧࣥࢦ♋Ꮫ఍ 1. Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥᾏᓊಖ඲ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ㸫ࣁࣅࢱࢵࢺ࣐ࢵࣉࡢసᡂ㸫 2. Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᗏ㉁࠾ࡼࡧ⏕≀ศᕸ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࣁࣅࢱࢵࢺ࣐ࢵࣉࡢసᡂᡭἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ 3. Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖࣎ࣁࢲࣁࢼࣖࢧ࢖ࢧࣥࢦ Pocillopora verrucosa ࡢᨺ༸࣭ᨺ⢭࡜ࣉࣛ ࢾࣛᨺฟ

㸫㸫 ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡣࠊಖ඲ᕤ஦ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊ⮬↛᮲௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶከࡃࡢ㡯┠ࢆほ ࣭ㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿࡀࠊẼ㇟࣭ᾏ㇟ࡢ⌮ゎ࡟Ḟ࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㛗ᮇኚືࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡉࡽ࡟ㄪᰝ࣭ ほ ࡢ⥅⥆ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣᆅᙧࡸሁ✚ᒙࢆྵࡴࢧࣥࢦ➼ࡢࣁࣅࢱࢵࢺ࣐ࢵࣉࡢస ᡂ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣᓥ෌⏕࡟ᚲせ࡞ᇶ♏ⓗ᝟ሗࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿ࠺࠼㔜せ࡞ヨࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊḟ⠇࡛㏙࡭ࡿỈ⏘ᗇࡢㄪᰝ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢㄪᰝෆᐜࡢ୍㒊ࡣ᪥ᮏࢧࣥࢦ♋Ꮫ఍࡟࡚බ㛤Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⎔♋ࡢ⮬↛⎔ቃ ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗࡣୡ⏺つᶍ࡛ᚲせᛶࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࡢព ⩏ࡣࡉࡽ࡟㧗ࡲࡗ࡚⾜ࡃ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

   

㸫㸫 EỈ⏘ᗇࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ Ỉ⏘ᗇ⁺ ࣭⁺ሙᩚഛ㒊࡛ࡣࠊ㺀⏕⫱⎔ቃࡀཝࡋ࠸᮲௳ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨㄪᰝ㺁ࢆ ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘ㹼20 ᖺᗘࡢィ⏬࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㈨ᩱ㸯㸧ࠋࡇࡢㄪᰝࡣ♫ᅋἲேỈ⏘ᅵᮌᘓタ ᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡀᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᖺ㛫 2 ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ 3 ᅇࠊ୍⯡࡟බ㛤ࡉࢀࡿ᳨ウጤဨ఍ࡢពぢ ࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௨ୗ࡟ጤဨ఍ᵓᡂ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢆ♧ࡍ㸦ᩗ⛠␎㸧ࠋ

㸦ጤဨ㸧 ኱᳃  ಙ ጤဨ㛗 ㈈ᅋἲே⇕ᖏᾏὒ⏕ែ◊✲᣺⯆㈈ᅋ ᡤ㛗 ⱴ᰿  ๰ ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉ᆅ⌫ᝨᫍ⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ ᩍᤵ ୰ᒣ ဴᄫ ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேỈ⏘⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮Ỉ⏘ᕤᏛ◊✲ᡤ ◊✲ᐊ㛗 ᯘཎ  Ẏ ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேỈ⏘⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮すᾏ༊Ỉ⏘◊✲ᡤ▼ᇉᨭᡤ ୺௵◊✲ဨ 㮵㔝ಙ୍㑻 ㈈ᅋἲேள⇕ᖏ⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ ◊✲୺ᖿ   

㸦࢜ࣈࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮㸧 Ỉ ⏘ ᗇ ⁺ ⁺ሙᩚഛ㒊ᩚഛㄢ ㄢ㛗௚ 5 ྡ⛬ ⎔ ቃ ┬ ⮬↛⎔ቃᒁ⮬↛⎔ቃィ⏬ㄢ ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ Ἑᕝᒁ◁㜵㒊ಖ඲ㄢᾏᓊᐊ 2 ྡ⛬  ྠ ୖ  㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤᾏᓊㄢ 2 ྡ⛬ ᮾ ி 㒔 ⏘ᴗປാᒁ㎰ᯘỈ⏘㒊Ỉ⏘ㄢ ⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேỈ⏘⥲ྜ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ᴗົ௻⏬㒊 ࢧࣥࢩࣕ࢖ࣥᅜ㝿Ỉ᪘㤋 2 ྡ⛬  Ẹ㛫௻ᴗ ⱝᖸྡ

㸦஦ົᒁ㸧 ♫ᅋἲேỈ⏘ᅵᮌᘓタᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ 6 ྡ⛬

ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 2 ᪥࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡓࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ㈨ᩱ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊᮏ஦ᴗࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ㊃᪨ࡣࠊ ኱ᆺࢧࣥࢦ⩌యࡀῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕ⏕ᜥ⎔ቃࡀཝࡋ࠸᮲௳ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿቑ㣴Ṫ ᢏ⾡ࠖࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࠊ⮬↛⎔ቃࡢᅇ᚟࣭๰㐀ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊྠᢏ⾡ࢆᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚Ỉἐࡢ༴ᶵ࡟ ࠶ࡿᓥᕋᅜࡢỈ⏘ື᳜≀ࡢ⏕ែ⣔⥔ᣢ࡜ᅜᅵಖ඲࡬ࡢά⏝ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ጤဨ఍㈨ᩱ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊලయⓗ࡞ᢏ⾡┠ⓗࡣ(a) Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡢᢕᥱ㸦᪤ ᩥ⊩ㄪᰝࠊ ࢧࣥࢦ⏕⫱᮲௳ㄪᰝࠊ⎔ቃ᮲௳ㄪᰝ㸧ࠊ(b) ✀ⱑ⏕⏘ᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ㸦⌧ᆅᐇ㦂ࠊ㝣ୖቑṪ᪋タ ᐇ㦂ࠊቑṪ♋ࡢ㛤Ⓨ㸧ࠊ(c) 㐺ᆅ㑅ᐃᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ㸦ࢧࣥࢦࡢศᕸࠊᡂ㛗㏿ᗘࠊ╔⏕᫬ࡢືែࠊ ὶἣ≉ᛶ㸧ࡢ㸱㡯┠࡜ࡋࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞஦ᴗ┠ᶆࢆࠊࢧࣥࢦቑṪᡭἲ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢసᡂࠊ࡜ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᖹᡂ 19 ᖺᗘ୰㛫ሗ࿌࡛ࡣࠊྠ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࢆసᡂࡍࡿ⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺ ࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕࢧࣥࢦቑṪࡢࡓࡵ࡟㛤Ⓨࡍࡿᢏ⾡ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟㝈ࡽࡎࠊἈ⦖ࡢࢧࣥࢦ♋ࡸỈἐࡢ༴ᶵ ࡟࠶ࡿࢧࣥࢦ♋ᇦࡢᓥᕋᅜ࡞࡝ࡢᅜᅵಖ඲ࡸ⏕ែ⣔ࡢಖ඲࡟㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡍࡿࡇ ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅜෆእ࡟࠾ࡅࡿቑṪᢏ⾡࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗᩚ⌮ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᾏእ࡟࠾ࡅ ࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡋࠊỗ⏝ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡜ࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠖ

㸫㸫 ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘㄪᰝ◊✲ ๓㏙ࡢ┠ⓗࡢ࡞࠿࡛ࠊᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘ࡟ࡣ 2 ᅇࡢ⌧ᆅㄪᰝཬࡧ 3 ᅇࡢጤဨ఍ࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊᚋ㏙ ࡢᡂᯝࢆᚓࡓ㸦ᡂᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣሗ࿌᭩ࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓ㸧ࠋ

㸦⌧ᆅㄪᰝ㸧 ➨୍ḟ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ㸦H18 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 1 ᪥㹼5 ᭶ 30 ᪥㸧 ➨஧ḟ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ㸦H18 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 1 ᪥㹼8 ᭶ 25 ᪥㸧

㸦᳨ウጤဨ఍㸧 ➨ 1 ᅇጤဨ఍㸦H18 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 18 ᪥㸧 ➨ 2 ᅇጤဨ఍㸦H18 ᖺ 11 ᭶ 1 ᪥㸧 ➨ 3 ᅇጤဨ఍㸦H19 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 7 ᪥㸧

(a) Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡢᢕᥱ ᪤ ᩥ⊩ㄪᰝཬࡧ 2 ᅇࡢ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡾࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢࢧࣥࢦඃ༨✀ࠊศᕸᇦࠊ⏘༸᫬ᮇ࡞ ࡝ࡢ⏕≀Ꮫⓗㅖ᝟ሗࢆᴫࡡ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ⎔ቃ᮲௳࡜ࡋ࡚Ỉ㉁ࠊỈ ࠊ♋እཬࡧ♋ෆὶ ἣ࡞࡝ࢆ ࡾࠊ⏘༸᫬ᮇࡣὶࢀࡀすྥࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ₻ộ࡟ࡶᨭ㓄ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽᗂ⏕╔⏕ࡲ࡛ࡢ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࡀࠊᗂ⏕ࡢ╔⏕ᚋࡢᡂ㛗 ࢆᕥྑࡍࡿ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡢᢕᥱࡀ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ṧࡗࡓࠋ

(b) ✀ⱑ⏕⏘ᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ⏘ࡢࢧࣥࢦ㸦࣑ࢻࣜ࢖ࢩ㸧ࢆ⯪ୖ࡛⏘༸࣭ཷ⢭ࡉࡏࠊ╔ᗋල࡟╔⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ ࡉࡽ࡟ࡑࢀࢆ㝣ୖ᪋タ㸦ὀ㸯㸧࡛㛗ᮇ㛫㣫⫱ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ࠊ ⏕⫱࡟᭱㐺࡞ග㔞ࠊỈ ࡞࡝ࡢᇶᮏࢹ࣮ࢱࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ⸴㢮ࡢ⦾Ṫࡸ⑓Ẽ࡬ ࡢᑐᛂ࡞࡝ࠊ௒ᚋྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ࡭ࡁㄢ㢟ࡶ᫂☜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ࣑ࢻࣜ࢖ࢩ௨እࡢ✀࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ࡢᚲせᛶࡶㄽࡌࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

(c) 㐺ᆅ㑅ᐃᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ ࢧࣥࢦศᕸㄪᰝࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊࢧࣥࢦ♋ࡢⓎ㐩ࡍࡿ᪉ྥཬࡧỈ఩࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ኱ࡲ࠿࡞ഴྥࡀศ ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢧࣥࢦቑ㣴Ṫࡢዲ㐺ᆅࢆ㑅ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓ㸲ᇶࡢᐇ㦂♋ࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊࢧࣥࢦ♋ࡀⓎ㐩ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ሙᡤ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦19 ᖺᗘ࡟ࡉࡽ࡟ 4 ᇶ㏣ຍタ⨨㸧ࠋ

௨ୖࡣ᪥ᮏἢᓊᇦᏛ఍ࠊ᪥ᮏࢧࣥࢦ♋Ꮫ఍ࠊ᪥ᮏỈ⏘Ꮫ఍࡞࡝࡛㡰ḟⓎ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸦ὀ㸯㸧ࢧࣥࢦ✀ⱑ⏕⏘ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡣࠊ♫ᅋἲேỈ⏘ᅵᮌᘓタᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࡀᖹᡂ 18 ᖺ 6 ᭶࡟ 㜿჆ᓥ࡟ᘓタࡋࡓࢧࣥࢦ✀ⱑ⏕⏘᪋タ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ኱ࡁࡉࡣ 529 ੍࡛ࠊࡑࡢ୰࡟ぶࢧࣥࢦỈᵴ 8 ᇶ࡜⛶ࢧࣥࢦ⏝Ỉᵴ 16 ᇶࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡛᥇ྲྀࡋࡓぶࢧࣥࢦࢆ㛗ᮇ㣫⫱ ࡋ࡚✀ⱑ⏕⏘ࡲ࡛ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸫㸫 ᖹᡂ 19 ᖺᗘㄪᰝ ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘࡢㄪᰝࢆཷࡅࠊ2 ᅇࡢ⌧ᆅㄪᰝཬࡧ 2 ᅇࡢጤဨ఍ࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊᚋ㏙ࡢᡂᯝࢆᚓࡓ 㸦㈨ᩱ㸰㸸 ణࡋࠊ⌧ᅾྲྀࡾ⧳ࡵ୰࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵṇᘧ࡞ホ౯ࡣᖺᗘሗ࿌᭩ࢆᚅࡘᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋ

㸦⌧ᆅㄪᰝ㸧 ➨୕ḟ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ㸦H19 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 25 ᪥㹼 5᭶ 19 ᪥㸧 ➨ᅄḟ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ㸦H19 ᖺ 6 ᭶ 25 ᪥㹼 7᭶ 19 ᪥㸧 㸦᳨ウጤဨ఍㸧 ➨ 1 ᅇጤဨ఍㸦H19 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 10 ᪥㸧 ➨ 2 ᅇጤဨ఍㸦H20 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 10 ᪥㸧

(a) Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡢᢕᥱ ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘ࡜ྠᵝࡢㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࡘࡘࡼࡾヲ⣽࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⵳✚ࡋࡓࠋศᕸㄪᰝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ✀ ࡈ࡜ࡲࡓࡣᡂ㛗ẁ㝵ࡈ࡜ࡢศᕸࢆࠊ⏘༸᫬ᮇཬࡧᗂ⏕ຍධ᫬ᮇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ୺せ✀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ ࡑࢀࡒࢀㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ୺せ✀ࡢᖺ㛫⏕㛗㔞ࡢ ᐃࠊ♋ෆእࡢὶἣࠊ♋ෆࡢỈ ࣭ሷศ࣭⃮ ᗘ࣭DO࣭PH ࡞࡝ࡢほ ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨ᅄḟ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ࡛ࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢࢧࣥࢦ㸦࣑ࢻࣜ࢖ࢩ ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸧ࡢ୍ᩧ⏘༸ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᗂ⏕ࡀᓥእ࡟ᣑᩓࡍࡿᵝᏊࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ

(b) ✀ⱑ⏕⏘ᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ ぶࢧࣥࢦ㐠ᦙᢏ⾡㸦Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࠿ࡽ㜿჆ᓥࡲ࡛㸧ཬࡧ㝣ୖ᪋タ࡛㛗ᮇ㣫⫱ᢏ⾡ࡢ☜❧ࠊ࡜࡜ ࡶ࡟㣫⫱ୗࡢࢧࣥࢦ࠿ࡽࡢ✀ⱑ☜ಖࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡛ᨺ༸ࡉࢀࡓ༸ࢆࡑࡢࡲࡲ╔ ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢᢏ⾡㸦ᣑᩓ㜵Ṇࢿࢵࢺ㸧ヨ㦂ࡢᐇ᪋࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ࢆᩚ⌮ࡋࡓࠋ

(c) 㐺ᆅ㑅ᐃᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ ᭷ᛶ⏕Ṫ࡜↓ᛶ⏕Ṫ࡛ࡣ╔⏕࡟࠿࠿ࡿ᮲௳ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ᮲௳ࡈ࡜࡟ ᳨ウࡍࡿ๓ẁ㝵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊὶἣࡢᩘ್ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

H20 ᖺ࡟ணᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢧࣥࢦቑṪᡭἲ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢసᡂ‽ഛࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 24 ᪥࠿ࡽ 30 ᪥࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ࣇࣟࣜࢲ࡟࠶ࡿࣅࢫࢣ࣮ࣥᅜ❧බᅬ (Biscayne National Park)ࠊᾏ ὒ ኱ Ẽ ᒁ㸦NOAA㸧ࡢ Fisheries Southeast Science Center ཬࡧ࣐࢖࢔࣑኱Ꮫ㸦࣮ࣟࢮࣥࢸ࢕࣮ࣝᾏὒ ኱Ẽ⛉Ꮫ㒊 : RSMAS㸧ࢆゼၥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋጤဨ఍ሗ࿌࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ୺࡞᝟ሗ཰㞟஦㡯ࡣࢧࣥࢦࡢ ✀ⱑ⏕⏘࡜ಟ᚟ᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊేࡏ࡚࣑ࢸ࢕ࢤ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶពぢ஺᥮ࢆࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࠋ ࠸ࡎࢀ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶᅜእࡢᢏ⾡᝟ሗࢆ཰㞟ࡋࡘࡘసᡂ‽ഛࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

Ỉ⏘ᗇࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ⎔ቃ᮲௳ㄪᰝࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ෌⏕࡟Ḟ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ᇶ♏᝟ሗࢆ⥥ᐦ࡟ㄪᰝ ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௒ᚋࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㈗㔜࡞▱ぢ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ▱ぢࡣࠊጤဨ఍ࡢ୍ ⯡බ㛤ࠊㄪᰝᡂᯝࢆᏛ఍ሗ࿌࡞࡝ࠊ㒊እ⪅࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶᐜ᫆࡟▱ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞㓄៖ࡀ࠶ ࡾࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ฼ά⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ඲యィ⏬ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡶ኱࠸࡟ᙺ❧ࡘ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࢧ ࣥࢦศᕸㄪᰝࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡓࣁࣅࢱࢵࢺ࣐ࢵࣉࡣࠊᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࡜༠ຊࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊᶓ᩿ⓗ࡞㐃ᦠ

㸫㸫 ࡟ࡶ๓ྥࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ  ࢧࣥࢦቑṪᡭἲ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᓥᕋᅜࡢᅜᅵಖ඲ࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀࠊᅜእࡢㅖ᝟ሗࢆ ཰㞟ࡍࡿⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞どⅬ࡟❧ࡗࡓໟᣓⓗ࡞ゎỴࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᙜ㈈ᅋ࡜ྠࡌ⪃ ࠼࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟බ⾲ࡉࢀࡓᡂᯝࢆࡳࡿ㝈ࡾࠊࢧࣥࢦቑṪࡢᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ ഴὀࡋࠊᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩ࡢၥ㢟ࡸᓥᕋᅜࡢᅜᅵಖ඲ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡋࡓࠊᓥࡢ⟶⌮࡟ࡘ࠸ ࡚ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࢆ࠺࠿ࡀ࠸▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ

㈨ᩱ䠍㻌 ⏕⫱⎔ቃ䛜ཝ䛧䛔᮲௳ୗ䛻䛚䛡䜛ቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨㄪᰝ஦ᴗ䠄㻴㻝㻤㻚㻌㻠㻚㻌㻞㻌 䝥䝺䝇䝸䝸䞊䝇䠅㻌 㻌  㸯㸬㊃᪨ Ἀࡢ㫽ᓥࡣࠊᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬࡟ࡼࡿᾏ㠃ୖ᪼ࡸἼࡢᾐ㣗࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࠕᓥࠖࡢᏑᅾࡀ༴ࡪࡲࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ㸰㸮㸮㸳ᖺ㸱᭶࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓẸ㛫ᅋయࡢㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊࢧࣥࢦ➼ࡢ⏕≀┦ࡢᐦᗘࡀⷧ ࠸⟠ᡤࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡲࡓ㸯㸷㸶㸷ᖺࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚኱ᆺࡢ⩌యࡢᾘኻࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵࠊ㏿ࡸ࠿࡟⮬↛⎔ቃࡢᅇ᚟࣭๰㐀ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᙜヱᆅᇦࡣᾏ ㇟᮲௳➼ࡀཝࡋ࠸ࡓࡵࠊᙜヱၥ㢟ࡢゎỴ࡟ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㧗ᗘ࡞ᢏ⾡ࢆせồࡉࢀࡿࠋᮏ஦ᴗࡣࠊᙜ ヱᾏᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࢆᅗࡾࠊ⏕⫱᮲௳ࡀཝࡋ࠸᮲௳ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ⏘ື᳜≀ࡢቑ㣴 Ṫཬࡧ⏕⫱⎔ቃࡢಖ඲࣭๰㐀࡟㈨ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᙜヱᢏ⾡ࡢ☜❧ࡣࠊᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟ࡼ ࡾỈἐࡢ༴ᶵ࡟࠶ࡿᓥᕋᅜࡢỈ⏘ື᳜≀ࡢ⏕ែ⣔ಖᏑࡸᅜᅵಖ඲࡟ά⏝࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ♧၀ ࡉࢀ࠺ࡿࠋ 㸰㸬஦ᴗෆᐜ 㸦㸯㸧⌧ᆅ≧ἣࡢᢕᥱ  ᪤Ꮡ㈨ᩱࡢศᯒࠊ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ➼࡟ࡼࡾ⌧≧ศᯒࠋ 㸦㸰㸧✀ⱑ⏕⏘ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ  Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟⏕⫱ࡍࡿࢧࣥࢦ➼ࡢຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ቑ㣴Ṫᡭἲࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᙜヱ⏕≀ࡢ✀ⱑ⏕⏘ ᢏ⾡ࢆ㛤Ⓨࠋ 㸦㸱㸧ቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡ᑐ⟇ࡢ㑅ᐃ  Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡛㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡞ቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡ࡢ㑅ᐃཬࡧࠊᑐ⟇᪋タ➼ࢆ〇స࣭‽ഛࠋ 㸦㸲㸧ᐇドᐇ㦂ࡢᐇ᪋  㑅ᐃࡉࢀࡓቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡ࢆἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡛ᐇドᐇ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࠋ 㸦㸳㸧ቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡ࡢ☜❧  ⏕⫱⎔ቃࡀཝࡋ࠸᮲௳ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿቑ㣴Ṫᢏ⾡ࡢ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࢆసᡂࠋ 㸱㸬ጤクඛ ♫ᅋἲே Ỉ⏘ᅵᮌᘓタᢏ⾡ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ 㸲㸬஦ᴗᐇ᪋ᮇ㛫    ᖹᡂ㸯㸶ᖺᗘ㹼ᖹᡂ㸰㸮ᖺᗘ 㸳㸬ᖹᡂ㸯㸶ᖺᗘண⟬㢠㸦๓ᖺᗘண⟬㢠㸧    㸱㸮㸮㸪㸮㸮㸮༓෇㸦㸮༓෇㸧 㸴㸬ᢸᙜ⌜ࠊᢸᙜ⌜㛗ཬࡧෆ⥺␒ྕ    タィ⌜ ᒣᮏ ෆ⥺㸵㸰㸵㸵      㸦ᢸᙜㄢ㸸Ỉ⏘ᗇ⁺ ⁺ሙᩚഛ㒊ᩚഛㄢ㸧

㸫㸫 ㈨ᩱ䠎㻌 ᖹᡂ 㻝㻥 ᖺᗘ◊✲ᡂᯝ䠄㻴㻞㻜㻚㻌㻞㻚㻞㻣㻌 䝥䝺䝇䝸䝸䞊䝇䠅㻌 㻌

㸫㸫 c.ᮾி㒔ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ᮾி㒔࡛ࡣ 1) Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥά⏝᥎㐍ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸦ᖹᡂ 18㹼20 ᖺᗘ㸧࡜ 2) Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥᫎീ㈨ ᩱ኱⣔ࡢไస㸦ᖹᡂ 18㹼19 ᖺᗘ㸧࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ

Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥά⏝᥎㐍ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㸦㈨ᩱ㸱ཧ↷㸧 Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ㨩ຊࡸ౯್ࢆ㧗ࡵࠊࡑࡢά⏝ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࠊᾋ㨶♋ࡢタ⨨ཬࡧ࿘ ㎶ᾏᇦࡢㄪᰝ࣭┘どࢆ⾜࠺஦ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘ࡟ࡣ࢝ࢶ࢜ࠊ࣐ࢢࣟ⁺ሙࡢ㐀ᡂࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ࿘㎶ 5㹼10㹩㹫ࡢ⠊ ᅖ࡟ 3 ᇶࡢ኱Ỉ῝୰ᒙ⁺♋ࢆタ⨨㸦Ỉ῝ 1750m㹼2,800m㸧ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᑠ➟ཎ࠿ࡽἈࣀ㫽 ᓥࡲ࡛ࡢᾏᇦࢆᢸᙜࡍࡿ⁺ᴗㄪᰝᣦᑟ⯪ࠊ᪂㺀⯆ὒ㺁ࢆ 19 ᖺ 2 ᭶࡟᪂㐀ࡋࡓࠋ᪂㺀⯆ὒ㺁࡟ࡣἈ ࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡸᾏᒣ࡛ࡢ⁺ᴗ㈨※ㄪᰝ୪ࡧ࡟┘どࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᖹᡂ 19 ᖺᗘࡣࠊ⁺♋ࡢຠᯝ᳨ドࡢࡓࡵ࡟ 4 ᭶ࠊ6 ᭶ཬࡧ 10 ᭶࡟⁺⋓ㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ୍ᐃࡢ ຠᯝࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ≉࡟ 6 ᭶ㄪᰝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ࢟ࣁࢲ࣐ࢢࣟࡢከᩘ⁺⋓ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ ௚࡟ࡶ๓ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࢝ࢶ࣭࣐࢜ࢢࣟ⁺ᴗࡢ᧯ᴗᨭ᥼ࠊࢩ࣐࢔ࢪࡢ✀ⱑᨺὶ࡟ࡶྲྀ ࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ๓⪅࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ⏘ࡢ௜ຍ౯್࡟ࡋ࡚㈍኎⤒㊰ࢆ᥈ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞࡝⯆ ࿡῝࠸ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࡉࡽ࡟㞟㨶ຠᯝࢆୖࡆࡿࡓࡵࠊ῝ᒙỈࡢ⮬ືỮࡳୖࡆࣃ࢖ࣉࢆ タ⨨ࡍࡿணᐃࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ࣛࣆࣗࢱィ⏬࡜⤂௓ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋࣃ࢖ࣉࡢ┤ᚄࡣ⣙ 30cm ࡜ ࡋࠊୗཱྀࢆỈ῝ 300㹼600m ࡟ࠊୖཱྀࢆỈ῝ 50㹼100m ࡟タ⨨ࡋࠊୗᒙ࠿ࡽᰤ㣴ሷ㇏ᐩࡢᾏỈ ࢆୖᒙ࡟Ữࡳୖࡆࠊ୍ḟ⏕⏘㔞ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᐇ⏝໬࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ ࡞࠸᪉ἲࡔࡀࠊᅭᒣᮾ໭኱Ꮫᩍᤵࡀ࣐ࣜ࢔ࢼἈ࡛ヨసᇶࢆᡂຌࡉࡏࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮾி㒔ࡶ ᅭᒣᩍᤵࡢᣦᑟࡢࡶ࡜࡛ 19 ᖺᗘ࡟᳨ウ㛤ጞࠊ20 ᖺᗘ࡟ࣇ࢕࣮ࢪࣅࣜࢸ࢕࣭ࢫࢱࢹ࢕㸦FS㸧 ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⤒㐣ࡀ㡰ㄪ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ 21 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᐇ⏝໬ࢆᅗࡾࡓ࠸࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥᫎീ㈨ᩱ኱⣔ࡢไస㸦㈨ᩱ 4 ཧ↷㸧 Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥᫎീ㈨ᩱ኱⣔ࡢไసࡣࠊඖỈ⏘ᗇ⁺ 㒊㛗ࡢᆏ஭⁄㑻Ặ࡜ࡈኵேࡢᐤ௜㔠㸦1 ൨ ෇㸧ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ᫎീ㈨ᩱࢆไసࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᑓ㛛ጤဨ఍㸦ὀ㸰㸧 ࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊ19 ᖺᗘ࡟ࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㒔Ẹ࣭ᅜẸࡢ⌮ゎࡢ㔊ᡂࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ୗグࡢᵓᡂ࠿ ࡽ࡞ࡿᫎീࣛ࢖ࣈ࣮ࣛࣜࢆไసࡋࡓࠋ

ࢸู࣮࣐ DVD6 ᕳ㸦ྛ⦅ 30 ศ㸧ۑ ➨㸯ᕳ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᴫせ㸦᪥⡿Ᏻಖ᮲⣙ୖᡃࡀᅜࡢᏳ඲࡟୙ྍḞ㸧 ➨㸰ᕳ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢಖ඲㸦ඛே㐩ࡢክ࡜ປⱞࡢ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡ㸧 ➨㸱ᕳ ᮾி㒔ࡢྲྀ⤌㸦⌧ᆅどᐹ࣭⁺ᴗᨭ᥼࣭ᾋ㨶♋࣭ㄪᰝ➼㸧 ➨㸲ᕳ ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⏕≀㈨※㸦Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡣࠕᾏࡢࡺࡾ࠿ࡈࠖ㸧 ➨㸳ᕳ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ྲྀ⤌㸦ⅉྎタ⨨࣭ࢧࣥࢦቑ㣴Ṫ㸧 ➨㸴ᕳ ࢧࣥࢦ♋ෆࡢ⏕≀㸦ࢧࣥࢦࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ⏕ែ⣔㸧 ࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢱ࣮ࣜᫎ⏬ࠕወ㊧ࡢᓥ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࠖۑ ᬑཬ⏝ DVD4 ᕳ㸦ྛ 10 ศ㸧ۑ  ୍⯡ྥࡅ㸦ᓥࡢᴫせ࡜ྍ⬟ᛶ㸧  ほග஦ᴗ⪅ྥࡅ㸦ࡼ࠺ࡇࡑ᭱༡➃ࡢᓥἈࣀ㫽ᓥ㸧

㸫㸫  ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ྥࡅ㸦▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ࠿㸽Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⛎ᐦ㸧  ୍⯡࣭ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ྥࡅ㸦Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ᬽࡽࡍ⏕≀㸧 ᫎീ࣭෗┿㸦෗┿ 2 ୓Ⅼࠊᫎീ 100 ᫬㛫㸧ۑ ୖグࡢᫎീࣛ࢖ࣈ࣮ࣛࣜࡣ㒔Ẹ᝟ሗ࣮࣒ࣝࠊ㒔❧ᅗ᭩㤋ࠊ㒔ෆබ❧ᅗ᭩㤋࡟㓄ᕸࡉࢀࠊ⮬ ⏤࡟㜀ぴ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᬑཬ᥎㐍ࡢ௙⤌ࡳࡀ⪃៖ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓᬑཬ⏝ DVD ࡣࠊୖグ࡟ࡶ♧ࡋࡓ࡜࠾ࡾࠊ୍⯡ྥࡅࠊほග஦ᴗྥࡅࠊᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ྥࡅཬࡧ୍⯡࣭ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ྥ ࡅ࡟ศࡅࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ┠ⓗࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡋࡓไస⪅ഃࡢጼໃࡀఛ࠼ࡿࠋ

ᖹᡂ 19 ᖺ 11 ᭶ 30 ᪥࡟ࡣ᪂ᐟࣃ࣮ࢡࢱ࣮࣮࣡࣍ࣝ࡟࡚ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡀ㛤ദࡉࢀࠊ ࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢱ࣮ࣜᫎ⏬ࠕወ㊧ࡢᓥ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࠖࡢୖᫎࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ㨶ࡢヨ㣗ࠊዪඃ㧗ᮌἋ⪨ ࡉࢇࡽࢆᣍ࠸࡚ࡢࢺ࣮ࢡࢩ࣮ࣙ࡞࡝ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋᐃဨ 450 ྡࡢ࣮࣍ࣝࡀ‶ᖍ࡟࡞ࡿ┒ἣࡪࡾ ࡔࡗࡓࠋ

㸦ὀ㸰㸧ᑓ㛛ጤဨ఍࡟ࡣࠊᮾிᾏὒ኱Ꮫࡢ▼୸㝯ᩍᤵࠊᒸᮏᓠ㞝ຓᩍᤵࠊỈ⏘ᗇ⁺ሙᩚഛ㒊 ࡢ኱㝰⠜Ặࠊ㫽ྲྀ⎔ቃ኱Ꮫࡢຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪㅮᖌࡢ࡯࠿ࠊᮾி㒔㛵ಀ⪅ࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᮾி㒔ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ᮾி㒔ࡢ㸰ࡘࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ࠺ࡕࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥά⏝᥎㐍ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢ᪉ࡣࠊ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ฼⏝ ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡸỈ⏘ᗇ࡜ࡣ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡀ␗࡞ࡾࠊ⊂≉ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ≉࡟Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࣈࣛࣥࢻ࡜ࡋ࡚௜ຍ౯್ࢆ㧗ࡵࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࡣࠊ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭άືࡢⅬ ࠿ࡽࡶὀ┠࡟್ࡋࠊᙜ㈈ᅋࡢἲⓗ᳨ウࡢ㒊ศ࡜㛵ࢃࡾࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ୍᪉ࡢἈࣀ㫽ᓥᫎീ㈨ᩱ኱⣔ࡢไసࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᏑᅾ⮬యࢆᗈࡃ▱ࡽࡋࡵࡿάື࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢸู࣮࣐ DVDࠊࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢱ࣮ࣜᫎ⏬ࠊᬑཬ⏝ DVDࠊᫎീ࣭෗┿ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ ᑐࡍࡿ㒔Ẹ࣭ᅜẸࡢ⌮ゎࡢ㔊ᡂ࡜࠸࠺┠ⓗ࡟ྔࡗࡓ௙⤌ࡳࡀᕤኵࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋేࡏ࡚ࣇ࢛࣮ ࣒ࣛࠊㅮ₇఍࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣヨ㣗఍࡞࡝ࡶ㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾᬑཬຠᯝࡣ㧗࠸ࠋ

㸫㸫 ㈨ᩱ 3㸦ᮾி㒔ᥦ౪㸧 㸫㸫 ㈨ᩱ㸲㸦ᮾி㒔ᥦ౪㸧 㸫㸫 㹢ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 㠃ㄯࡲࡓࡣබ⾲㈨ᩱ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ୕ᶵ㛵ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳෆᐜࢆࠊ1) ᇶ♏⎔ቃㄪᰝࠊ2) ࢧࣥ ࢦࡢቑṪࠊ3) Ὢᓥࡘࡃࡾࠊ4) ⁺ᴗάືࠊ5) ᫎീ㈨ᩱࡘࡃࡾ࡟ᩚ⌮ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢྲྀࡾ ⤌ࡳࢆࠊ᝟ሗඹ᭷࣭㐃ᦠࠊබ㛤ᛶࠊཬࡧᅜ㝿ⓗどⅬ࡟༊ศࡋࠊࡉࡽ࡟᝟ሗඹ᭷࣭㐃ᦠ࡟ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᐇ᪋ᶵ㛵ྠኈࡢ᝟ሗඹ᭷࣭㐃ᦠࠊἲᚊ࡜ᢏ⾡ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓ◊✲ศ㔝㛫 ࡟㐃ᦠࠊࡢ஧㠃࠿ࡽศᯒࡋࡓ㸦⾲ 2 (1) -4㸧ࠋ

㸨ࡇࡇ࡛ᣲࡆࡓศ㔝ᶓ᩿ⓗ᝟ሗඹ᭷ࠊἲᚊ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࠊබ㛤ᛶཬࡧᅜ㝿ⓗどⅬࡣࠊᮏ◊✲ ┠ⓗ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࢆ♧ࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡽࡣྛᶵ㛵ࡢ஦ᴗ┠ⓗ࡜ࡣูࡢどⅬ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ୗグ࡟㏙࡭ࡿෆᐜࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ஦ᴗホ౯ࢆ⾲ࡍࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ

⾲ 2 (1)-4 ᅜ࠾ࡼࡧᮾி㒔ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

᝟ሗඹ᭷䞉㐃ᦠ ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏ෆᐜ බ㛤ᛶ ᅜ㝿ᛶ ⤌⧊㛫㐃ᦠ ἲᚊ䛸䛾㐃ᦠ ᇶ♏⎔ቃㄪᰝ ᡂᯝ䛾ඹ᭷ Ꮫ఍Ⓨ⾲ බ㛤ጤဨ఍䠄Ỉ⏘ᗇ䠅 䝃䞁䝂ቑṪ ᡂᯝ䛾ඹ᭷ Ꮫ఍Ⓨ⾲ ᅜ㝿ពぢ஺᥮䠄䠍䠅 බ㛤ጤဨ఍䠄Ỉ⏘ᗇ䠅 Ὢᓥ䛴䛟䜚 ᡂᯝ䛾ඹ᭷

⁺ᴗάື ኱Ꮫ䡡◊✲ᡤ䞉Ẹ㛫 䠤䠬䚷㝶᫬බ㛤

ᫎീ㈨ᩱయ⣔ ᡂᯝ䛾ඹ᭷ ἲᚊ䞉ᢏ⾡㐃ᦠ䛒䜚 බඹ᪋タ䛾බ㛤 ኱Ꮫ䞉Ẹ㛫 䜲䝧䞁䝖䜢㏻䛨䛶බ㛤  㸨 ௨ୗࡣබ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㠀බ㛤ࡢ᳨ウࡣྵࡲࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ

ᐇ᪋ᶵ㛵ࡢ㛫ࡢ᝟ሗඹ᭷࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࠊỈ⏘ᗇ࡟ᐃᮇⓗ࡟㐃⤡఍㆟ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡇ࡟ᮾி㒔ࡶ࢜ࣈࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮ཧຍࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ఍㆟ࢆ࡜࠾ࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡸᡂᯝࡀඹ᭷ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞࡝ࠊᇶ♏⎔ቃ ㄪᰝࠊࢧࣥࢦቑṪࠊὪᓥࡘࡃࡾࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣ⤌⧊ᶓ᩿ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉⁺ᴗㄪᰝࠊ≉࡟⎔ ♋ࡢእഃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᮾி㒔ࡔࡅࡀᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢศ㔝ࡢ୕ᶵ㛵㐃ᦠࡣẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ ࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡳ࠼ࡿࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࡸ⁺ᴗ⤌ྜࡢ༠ຊ࡞࡝ࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀ ࡚ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋἲᚊศ㔝࡜ᢏ⾡ศ㔝㐃ᦠ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࡣࠊᮾி㒔࡟ࡼࡿᫎീ㈨ᩱసᡂ࡟ ࠾࠸࡚ࡢࡳㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ

බ㛤ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ᇶ♏⎔ቃㄪᰝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᶵ㛵ࡶᏛ఍Ⓨ⾲ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᡂᯝࢆබ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋỈ ⏘ᗇࡣᏛ఍Ⓨ⾲ࡢ௚࡟ࡶጤဨ఍ࢆ୍⯡බ㛤ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞᝟ሗ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚බ㛤࡟✚ᴟ

㸫㸫 ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ᮾி㒔ࡣࠊ㒔Ẹࡢ⌮ゎၨⓎάື࡟㍈㊊ࢆ⨨ࡁࠊᏛ఍Ⓨ⾲ࡼࡾࡶぶࡋࡳ ࡸࡍ࠸࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡟ࡼࡾ᝟ሗබ㛤ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㐣ཤ஧ᅇ࡟ࢃࡓࡾἈࣀ㫽ᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࢆ 㛤ദࡍࡿ࡞࡝ᬑཬၨⵚ᪉ἲࡶᕦࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓᫎീ㈨ᩱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ๓⠇࡛⤂௓ࡋࡓ࡜ ࠾ࡾࠊ⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡁࡵ⣽࠿࡞㓄៖ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ≉ẁࡢດຊࡀឤࡌࡽࢀࡿࠋ

 ᅜ㝿ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚  ㄪᰝࡋࡓ㝈ࡾ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊእᅜࡢ஦᝟࡜↷ࡽࡋ࡚ࠊྲྀࡾ⤌ࡶ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣỈ⏘ᗇࡢ ࢧࣥࢦቑṪ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢసᡂ࡟㝈ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

௨ୖࡢᩚ⌮࠿ࡽࠊᢏ⾡࡜ἲᚊࡢ㐃ᦠࠊㅖእᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡜ࡢẚ㍑ㄪᰝཬࡧᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ᯟ ⤌ࡳࡢ୰࡛ゎỴࠊ࡞࡝ࡢヨࡳࡣࠊබ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㈨ᩱ࠿ࡽ✚ᴟⓗάືࢆఛ࠸▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋᙜ㈈ᅋࡢࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢㄢ㢟࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࠺ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊḟ ᖺᗘ௨㝆ࠊ༠ຊయไࡢ෌ᵓ⠏ࢆᅗࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ◊✲ᡂᯝࢆ㐺ษ࡟ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ດࡵࡓ࠸ࠋ

㸫㸫 㸦㸰㸧ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝ

a. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ᮏ⠇࡛ࡣࠊ㏆ᖺࡢᆅ⌫つᶍ࡛ࡢẼೃኚືࡸࡑࢀ࡟క࠺⎔ቃၥ㢟࡞࡝ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆᢪ ࠼࡚࠸ࡿᓥᕋᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᭷㆑⪅ࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿᆅඖ㛵ಀ⪅ࡀᓥࡢၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ ㄆ㆑ࡸ㛵ᚰࠊၥ㢟ព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊࡲࡓࠊලయⓗ࡟ၥ㢟ⅬࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࠊࡑࡢᐇែ ㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠺ࠋᮏㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓࠋ

b. ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜࡢᴫせ ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜࡣࠊ࣏ࣜࢿࢩ࢔ࠊ࣓ࣛࢿࢩ࢔ᆅᇦࡢቃ⏺㏆ࡃ㸦᪥௜ኚ᭦⥺ࡢ㏆ࡃ࡛ࡶ ࠶ࡿ㸧࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ 2-(2)-1㸧⊂❧ᅜ࡛ࠊ㠃✚⣙ 18,270 ᖹ᪉࣓࣮࢟ࣟࢺ࡛ࣝ᪥ᮏࡢᅄᅜ࡜ ࡯ࡰྠࡌ኱ࡁࡉࡢᓥᕋᅜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋேཱྀࡣࠊ831,263 ே㸦 2006ࠊኴᖹὒඹྠయ஦ົᒁ㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ 㤳㒔ࢫࣂࡢேཱྀࡣࡑࡢෆࠊ⣙ 20%࡯࡝࡛࠶ࡿࠋẸ᪘ࡣඛఫẸ࡛࠶ࡿࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮⣔(⣙ 54 %)ࠊⱥ ᅜ᳜Ẹᆅ᫬௦࡟⛣ఫࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࢖ࣥࢻ⣔(⣙ 38%)ࠊ࡜ࡑࡢ௚࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⇕ᖏᇦ࡟఩⨨ࡋ኱ 㝣࠿ࡽࡶ㊥㞳ࡀ㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊẼೃࡣᾏὒᛶ⇕ᖏẼೃ࡟ᒓࡋ୍ᖺ୰㧗 ࡛ᖺ㛫ࡢẼ ᕪࡶ ᑠࡉ࠸ࠋ

ࢫࣂ

(a) (b) infoplease ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ᨻᗓ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ

ᅗ 2-(2)-1㸹(a) ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࿘㎶ᆅᅗࠊ(b) ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮࿘㎶ᆅᅗ

ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥࡣࠊ1643 ᖺ࢜ࣛࣥࢲே᥈᳨ᐙࢱࢫ࣐ࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ໭㒊ࡀⓎぢࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ 1874 ᖺ࠿ࡽ୍ୡ⣖㏆ࡃ࡟ࢃࡓࡿⱥᅜ࡟ࡼࡿ᳜Ẹᆅ᫬௦ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ1970 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 10 ᪥࡟ᅜྡࠊ ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮㸦❧᠇ྩ୺ไ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚⊂❧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ1987 ᖺ 10 ᭶ⱥ㐃㑥࠿ࡽ㞳⬺ࡋࠊඹ࿴ไ࡬ ⛣⾜㸦ᅜྡ㸹ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ඹ࿴ᅜ㸧ࠊ1997 ᖺ 9 ᭶ⱥ㐃㑥෌ຍ┕ࠊ⩣ᖺࠊẸ᪘⼥࿴ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ᪂᠇ἲ 㸦ᅜྡ㸹ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜ㸧ࡀⓎ⾜ࡉࢀࡓࠋ 2000 ᖺࡢṊ⿦ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡟ࡼࡿᅜ఍༨ᣐ஦௳ࡣࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮⤒῭࡟⏒኱࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࠊ≉࡟ᅜࡢ ୺せ࡞⏘ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿほග⏘ᴗࠊ⾰ᩱ⏘ᴗ࡞࡝ࡣ┤᥋῝้࡞⿕ᐖࢆ⿕ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ2001 ᖺࡢ⥲㑅ᣲᚋࠊ࢞ࣛࢭࢆ㤳┦࡜ࡍࡿ㑅ᣲ⟶⌮ෆ㛶ࡀⓎ㊊ࡋࠊᨻ᝟ࡶᏳᐃࡋࠊ≉࡟ほගᴗࡢⴭ

㸫㸫 ࡋ࠸ᅇ᚟࡟క࠸࣍ࢸࣝ࡞࡝ࡢ኱ᆺᘓ⠏ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡶ╔ᕤࡋࠊ㧗࠸⤒῭ᡂ㛗⋡ࡀᩘᖺ⥅⥆ࡋ ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ2006 ᖺ 12 ᭶ࠊࣂ࢖ࢽ࣐࣐ࣛᅜ㌷ྖ௧ᐁ࡟ࡼࡿ↓⾑ࢡ࣮ࢹࢱ࣮࡟ࡼࡾ෌ࡧ⤒῭ ࡣᡴᧁࢆཷࡅࠊ἞Ᏻ≧ἣࡢ୙Ᏻᐃࢆᑟࡁࠊ⌧ᅾࠊᬻᐃෆ㛶Ⓨ㊊㸦2007 ᖺ 1 ᭶ࠊࣂ࢖ࢽ࣐ࣛ ࣐ྖ௧ᐁࠊᬻᐃ㤳┦㸧࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ c. ᐇែㄪᰝࡢᴫせ ᮏㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ࡸᓥᕋᅜࡢἲⓗ࣭ᢏ⾡ⓗᑐ⟇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᇶᮏ᝟ሗࢆᚓࡿ࡜࠸࠺ど Ⅼ࠿ࡽࠊ௒ᚋࡢ㞳ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪉㔪ࡢពぢ஺᥮ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᡃࡀᅜ࡜ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢ ㄢ㢟ඹ᭷ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡸ༠ຊᐇ⦼ࡢ᝟ሗࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ ᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓࡢࡣࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮࡟࠶ࡿ༡ኴᖹὒㅖᅜࡢᅜ㝿ᶵ㛵࡛ࠊᐇ㝿࡟ゼၥࡋࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢࢆ⾜ ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝᴫせࢆ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍࠋ

ࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢᴫせ ձ ࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢ᪥⛬ ᖹᡂ 19 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 17 ᪥㸦᭶㸧㹼22 ᪥㸦ᅵ㸧 ղゼၥ⪅ ᰩᯘᛅ⏨㸦ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ≉ู㢳ၥ㸧ࠊ┾ᒾ୍ᖾ㸦ྠ◊✲ဨ㸧 ճ ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ᶵ㛵㸦ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᶵ㛵ᴫせ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᕳᮎ㈨ᩱ 2(1)1㸧 (a) ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ㸦The University of the South Pacificࠊ௨ୗ USP㸧 (b) ኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ஦ົᒁ(Pacific Islands Forumࠊ௨ୗ PIF) (c) ኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍㸦Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission,  ௨ୗ SOPAC㸧 մㄪᰝෆᐜ ௨ୗࠊ୺࡞㉁ၥෆᐜࢆ♧ࡍ㸦ලయⓗ࡞㉁ၥ⚊ࡣᕳᮎ㈨ᩱ 2(1)2 ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋ ࣭㐣ཤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿἢᓊᇦ࡛ࡢᆅᙧᨵኚࡢ᭷↓ࠋࡑࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡼࡿ⅏ᐖࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ࠿㸽 ࣭ἢᓊᾐ㣗࡟ᑐࡍࡿᑐ⟇㸦ㆤᓊ࡞࡝㸧ࡸᇙࡵ❧࡚ࡢ⎔ቃ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ࡢ᭷↓ ࣭ᑠᓥࡢỈἐࠊᾏᓊᾐ㣗࡟ࡼࡿప₻ᑠᓥࠊᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡿᅵᆅࡢᾘ⁛࡬ࡢ༴᝹ࡀ࠶ ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࢀࡽ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᑐ⟇ࡢ᭷↓ ࣭SOPAC ࡟࠾ࡅࡿୖグࡢᓥᕋၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩍ⫱άືࡢ᭷↓ ࣭ึ➼ᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿᾏὒ⎔ቃၥ㢟ࡢ᭷↓࠾ࡼࡧᾏὒᩍ⫱ࡢᚲせᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࣭ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡸᅜ㝿ᶵ㛵➼࡛ࠊỿࡳࡺࡃᓥࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞ពぢ࣭᝟ሗ஺᥮ࡢ ᭷↓ ࣭௒ᚋࠊᅜ㝿ⓗࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡞࡝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᾘ⁛ࡢ༴᝹ࡀ࠶ࡿᑠᓥ࡞࡝ࡢၥ㢟ࡢඹ᭷ࢆ ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓពぢ஺᥮࣭᝟ሗ஺᥮ࡢᚲせᛶ ࣭ࢧࣥࢦࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓᓥࡢ෌⏕ィ⏬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢពぢ ࣭Ỉἐࡍࡿᜍࢀࡢ࠶ࡿᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᡃࠎ࡜ඹ࡟ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡞࠾ࠊ ࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢ࡟కࡗ࡚ࠊᮏ஦ᴗࡢᴫせࠊㄪᰝෆᐜ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⤂௓㸦࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳࡢ㡯 ࢆཧ↷㸧ࡋࠊ㉁ၥ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ㡯┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢពぢ஺᥮ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

㸫㸫 d. ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ (a) USP ࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢ࠾ࡼࡧពぢ஺᥮ᑐ㇟⪅ (1) Joeli Veitayaki (Associate Professor, School of Marine Studies, USP) (2) Alan Resture (Research Fellow, Institute of Marine Resources, USP) (3) Melchior Mataki (Research Fellow, Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development, USP) (4) Fagaloa Tufuga (Regional Maritime Legal Advisor, Regional Maritime Programme, South Pacific Committee) (5)Leone Limaleson (Research Assistant, Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development, USP) (6) Alifereti Tawake (Assistant Project Manager, Institute of Applied Science, USP) (7) Terry Keju (Post Graduate Student, School of Marine Studies, USP) 㸦࢜ࣈࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮㸧 (8) Takeshi Murai (Advisor in Marine Studies, (JICA EXPERT), USP) (9) Mori Hamada (Post Harvest lab of the School of Marine Studies, (JICA Senior Volunteer), USP)

⤖ᯝᴫせ ỿࡳࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡲࡓࠊỿࢇ࡛ࡋࡲࡗࡓᓥᕋࡢᏑᅾ᭷↓ࠊࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᓥࡢᾘኻ࡟㛵ࢃۑ ࡿ㉁ၥ 㸫 Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡍࡿᓥࡣᩘ࠼ษࢀ࡞࠸࡯࡝Ꮡᅾࡋࠊࡑࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᅜࡢ EEZ ෆ࡟ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸫 ࠶ࡿᖺ࡟ࡣᾘ⁛ࡋࠊ࠶ࡿᖺ࡟ࡣฟ⌧ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᓥࡶ࠶ࡿ Ѝ ᓥ㸦౛࠼ࡤࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ࡢᮏᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠊࣅࢸ࢕ࣞࣈᓥ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡿᾏᓊ౵㣗ࠊ ᾐỈ࣭ὥỈ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡿస≀࡬ࡢሷᐖࠊᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬࡟క࠺ᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡿ฼⏝ྍ⬟ ࡞ᅵᆅ㠃✚ࡢῶᑡ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ┤᥋ࠊᒃఫ⪅ࡢ⏕ά࡟ಀࡿၥ㢟ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟ ࢶࣂ࡛ࣝࡣὥỈ࣭ᾐỈࡀ῝้࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ 2-(2)-2㸧ࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᓥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᓥ෌⏕࣭⥔ᣢࡢࡓࡵ࡟⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ᴗ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥۑ 㸫 ἢᓊᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚⹫ᙅᛶࡢ㧗࠸ὸ℩࡟࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈ࡞࡝ࢆ᳜࠼ᆅ┙ࢆᅛࡵࡿ࡞࡝ࡢ஦ᴗ 㸫 Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢࡼ࠺࡞↓ேࡢᓥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᑐ⟇ࡣࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ ࢧࣥࢦ࡟ࡼࡿᓥ෌⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢពぢۑ 㸫 Ⰻ࠸⪃࠼࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟ࡼࡿᾏᓊᆅ┙ࡢᏳᐃ໬࡟ࡼࡾᓥࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆ ⸀ࡵࡿ 㸫 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᓥࡣ๓㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡀࠊ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿ஦ᴗࡣࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮࡟ࡣᏑᅾࡋ ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ ࢃࢀࢃࢀ࡜ࡢᑠᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗඹ᭷ࠊ㛤ദࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᑠᓥ࣭ᓥᕋᅜࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿۑ ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘㸦᱌㸧࡬ࡢ༠ຊ࣭ཧຍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㉁ၥ 㸫 ᓥᕋᅜࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿⰋ࠸ࢫࢱ࣮ࢺ࣏࢖ࣥࢺ࡟࡞ࡿ 㸫 ᓥᕋᅜࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢ฼┈࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ

㸫㸫 㸫 ྠࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࡛࢘ࡢពぢ஺᥮ࡸ᝟ሗඹ᭷ࡣᑠᓥᕋᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ࡜ࡾࢃࡅ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ ᾏὒቃ⏺ࡢၥ㢟ࡣᨻ἞ⓗ࡟ࢭࣥࢩࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࠊᇶⅬࡸᇶ⥺ࡢ⥺ᘬࡁᡓ␎࡞࡝ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣྲྀࡾᢅ࠸࡟ὀពࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⸀ࡵࡿ

෗┿ 2-(2)-㸰㸹ࢶࣂࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὥỈ࡞࡝

(b) PIF ࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢ࠾ࡼࡧពぢ஺᥮ᑐ㇟⪅ (1) Coral Pasisi (Regional and International Issues Advisor, PIF Secretariat, ࢽ࢚࢘ ฟ㌟) (2) Richard Mendani (Resource and Environmental Economist, PIF Secretariat,ࣃࣉ ࢔ࢽ࣮ࣗࢠࢽ࢔ฟ㌟)

⤖ᯝᴫせ 㛤Ⓨࡀᾏὒ⎔ቃ࡟୚࠼ࡿ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥۑ 㸫 ἢᓊᇦࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㛤Ⓨ࡟క࠸ᾏỈࡢὶࢀࡢኚ໬࡞࡝ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾᾏᓊ౵㣗࡞࡝ࡢẚ ㍑ⓗ▷ᮇⓗ࡞ᆅᙧᨵኚ࡞࡝ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸫 ከࡃࡢ⏕≀✀ࡀ⏕ᜥᇦࢆኚ࠼࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⤯⁛ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ✀ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ ࡞࠸ Ѝ ᚲせ࡞ࡣࡎࡢ⎔ቃホ౯࡞ࡋ࡟ㆤᓊ࣭ᇙࡵ❧࡚ࢆᐇ⾜ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ Ѝ ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ࢆࡣࡌࡵ฼⏝ྍ⬟࡞ᅵᆅࡀ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ≉࡟ ேཱྀࡢ㞟୰ࡍࡿἢᓊᇦ࡛ࡣᇙࡵ❧࡚࡟ࡼࡿᅵᆅࡢᣑ኱ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㨩ຊⓗ࡞᪉ἲ Ѝ つไࡍࡿᙉไຊࢆࡶࡘ⎔ቃἲࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ Ѝ ⎔ቃホ౯ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡍࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ࣭᝟ሗࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊἢᓊᇦࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜⎔ቃࡢࣂࣛࣥ ࢫၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸ ᾏὒᨻ⟇Ỵᐃࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㉁ၥۑ 㸫 ᪥ᮏ࡛ᡂ❧ࡋࡓᾏὒᇶᮏἲࡢࡼ࠺࡟⤫ྜⓗᡭẁ࡛ᾏὒၥ㢟ࢆぢࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ␗࡞ࡿ ᆅᇦ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ㒊ᒁࡀᾏὒࡸ㈨※⟶⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦⌧ᅾࡢẁ㝵࡛ࡣࠊ⤫ྜⓗᡭ ẁ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸧 㸫 ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᅵᆅᡤ᭷⪅ࡀᒃఫࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡇࢀࡽࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴

㸫㸫 㸫 ἲࡢ᪋⾜࡟ᑐࡍࡿチᐜຊࡀᙅ࠸ ᑠᓥࡢಖㆤᑐ⟇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㉁ၥۑ 㸫 ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࠊᇙࡵ❧࡚ࠊㆤᓊ࡟ࡼࡿಖㆤ EEZ ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥۑ 㸫 㸦ࢧࣔ࢔ࡢ౛ࢆᣲࡆ㸧࿘ᅖࢆ௚ࡢᅜ࡟ྲྀࡾᅖࡲࢀ EEZ ࡀ࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣛࢵࣉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ ࡛㠀ᖖ࡟⊃࠸ EEZ ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ 2-(2)-3 ཧ↷㸧 㸫 ࢧࣔ࢔ࡀ EEZ ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿ࡜௚ࡢᅜࡶ୺ᙇࡍࡿࡢ࡛୰㛫⥺࡛ྠពࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ᾏὒᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥۑ 㸫 ୡ⏺୰࡛ᾏὒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿάື࠿ࡽࡢ฼┈ࡣⳘ኱࡞㢠࡟࡞ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿಖㆤ࡟ࡣ࡯ ࡜ࢇ࡝㈝⏝ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᾏὒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ゎ ࡣᗂ࠸᫬ᮇ࠿ࡽᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ ࢃࢀࢃࢀ࡜ࡢᑠᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗඹ᭷ࠊ㛤ദࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᑠᓥ࣭ᓥᕋᅜࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿۑ ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘㸦᱌㸧࡬ࡢ༠ຊ࣭ཧຍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㉁ၥ 㸫 ᅜ㝿఍㆟ࡢሙ࡛ࡣᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡸᆅ⌮ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡞࡝ࢆྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ᝟ ሗඹ᭷ࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍ࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᑠࡉ࡞ᓥᕋᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭷┈ 㸫 ᓥᕋᅜࡢၥ㢟඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࡛࢘࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㈶ᡂ 㸫 ᓥᕋᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥၥ㢟ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿሙࢆタࡅࡓ࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡑࡢሙࢆタࡅࡿ  (c) SOPAC ࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢ࠾ࡼࡧពぢ஺᥮ᑐ㇟⪅ (1) Cristelle Pratt (Director, SOPAC) (2) Arthur Webb (Coastal Processes and Aggregates Advisor, SOPAC) (3) Andrick R. Lai (Project Officer; Surveying, SOPAC) (4) Emily Artack (Project Officer; Maritime Boundaries Project, SOPAC) ௚ࠊᾏ㌷ࡼࡾ࢜ࣈࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮㸱ྡ

⤖ᯝᴫせ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡋࡓᓥࡣ࠶ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺㉁ၥۑ 㸫 ࣑ࢿࣝࣂ࣮ࣜࣇ㸦ᅗ 2-(2)-4㸧ࡢ୰ኸ࡟࠶ࡿᓥࡀࡑࢀ࡜㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸫 Lau Ridge ୖ࡟఩⨨ࡋ࡚࠸࡚Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ᆅ⌮ⓗ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊእ㒊࠿ࡽࡢ⏕≀ຍධࡀ ࠶ࡿⅬ࡛Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ 㸫 ᓥࡢ㠃✚ࡣ⤒ᖺⓗ࡟ኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸫 ᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜⮬య࡟ࡣၥ㢟ࡣ↓࠸ 㸫 ࢺࣥ࢞࡜ࡢቃ⏺㏆ࡃ࡟࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⌧ᅾࡣఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ቃ⏺⥺࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⏬ᐃࡣࡋ ࡚࠸࡞ࡃ࣑ࢿࣝࣂ࣮ࣜࣇࡢ㡿᭷ᶒዴఱ࡛ኚ᭦ࡋ࠺ࡿ㸦ᅗ 2-(2)-3㸧 㸫 እ஺ୖࡢ⪃៖࠿ࡽ㸰㸮㸮ᾏ㔛 EEZ ࢆ୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡇࡢᓥ࡟ࡼࡾ㸰㸮㸮ᾏ㔛ࢆ ᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࡋࡓࡽᶒ฼ࢆ୺ᙇࡍࡿ 㸫 ୍᪉ࠊࢭࣂ࢖ࣛᓥ㸦ᅗ 2-(2)-4㸧ࡣࡍ࡛࡟ࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛ቃ⏺ࡣ⏬ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸫 ࢭࣂ࢖ࣛᓥࡀᾘኻࡋ࡚ࡶࡍ࡛࡟ቃ⏺ࡣ⏬ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ၥ㢟࡞࠸ࡀࠊ௚ᅜ࡟ၥࢃࢀࡓ ᫬ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᓥࡢ㠃✚ࡶᖺࠎኚ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ㛗ᮇほ ࣭ㄪᰝࡣ㔜せ

㸫㸫 ᓥ෌⏕࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡢᥦ᱌ۑ 㸫 ᓥᕋᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ⌧ᅾࡢ࡜ࡇࢁᓥ෌⏕ᢏ⾡ᑐ⟇ࡣ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ 㸫 సᴗ᪋タࡢ࿘㎶࡟ᒾࡀ࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊࡑࡢ⬮࡜⬮ࡢ㛫ࢆቨ࡛そ࠼ࡤᒾࡀ㞟✚ࡍࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ ࠺ ࢃࢀࢃࢀ࡜ࡢᑠᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗඹ᭷ࠊ㛤ദࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᑠᓥ࣭ᓥᕋᅜࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍۑ ࡿࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘㸦᱌㸧࡬ࡢ༠ຊ࣭ཧຍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㉁ၥ 㸫 ᓥᕋᅜ඲యࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࡛࢘࠶ࢀࡤ㈶ᡂ 㸫 ᚲせ࡜࠶ࢀࡤ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶ᝟ሗ࡞࡝ࢆ‽ഛࡍࡿ 㸫 㸦ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡀ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸧ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢩ࣏ࣥ ࢪ࣒࢘࡬ࡢࢃࢀࢃࢀࡢཧຍࡀἈࣀ㫽ᓥၥ㢟ࢆከࡃࡢே࡟ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠸ከࡃࡢ᝟ሗࢆ ඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿⰋ࠸ᶵ఍࡛࠶ࡿ

㸫㸫 e㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ᮏㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࡟㛵ࡋࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ࡢ㢮ఝᛶࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿព㆑ࡢ ඹ᭷ࠊᑠᓥࡢ⟶⌮࣭෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᭱㐺࡞ᢏ⾡࣭ไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱ぢࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࠊࣇ ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓᐇែㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋྛᶵ㛵࡛ࡢ㆟ㄽࡢෆᐜࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊ ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⾲ 2-(2)-1 ㄪᰝ࠿ࡽᢳฟࡉࢀࡓㄢ㢟࡜ࡑࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

┤㠃䛩䜛ၥ㢟Ⅼ ୍ḟ㞟⣙ ஧ḟ㞟⣙ ⌧ᅾ ሷᐖ ᾏ㠃ୖ᪼ 䚷㼁㻿㻼 ὥỈ࣭ᾐỈ ᾏᓊ౵㣗㸭ᨵኚ ࢖㸬ᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩ ᑗ᮶ ᅵᆅ฼⏝ ⌧ᅾ ⎔ቃ◚ቯ 㛤Ⓨ࡜⎔ቃ ࣟ㸬ᓥಖ඲ࡢᢏ⾡ 䚷㻼㻵㻲 ᅵᆅ฼⏝ ᑗ᮶ ᅵᆅ฼⏝ ᓥ࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦ ࣁ㸬ᓥ࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ ேཱྀᐦ㞟 ⌧ᅾ ᓥࡢᾘฟ⌧ ఏ⤫ᩥ໬࡜ࡢㄪᩚ ࢽ㸬ୖグ௨እ 䚷㻿㻻㻼㻭㻯 ༴ᶵឤࡢ୙ᅾ ᑗ᮶ ቃ⏺⏬ᐃ ࿘▱ᗈሗ ࣍㸬ᗈሗάື

ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᶵ㛵࡛♧ࡉࢀࡓၥ㢟Ⅼࢆ஧ẁ㝵࡟ศࡅ࡚ྲྀࡾ⧳ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊ࢖) ᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩ࠊࣟ) ᓥಖ඲ࡢᢏ⾡ࠊ ࣁ)ᓥࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ࠊࢽ)ࡑࡢ௚ཬࡧ࣍)ᗈሗάື࡟༊ศࡉࢀࡿࠋㄪᰝࡢ ㊃᪨ࡀἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢၥ㢟࡜ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢၥ㢟ࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊඹ᭷ࡢᅔ㞴࡞ఏ ⤫ᩥ໬ࡢၥ㢟ࡸேཱྀၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࢽ) ࡑࡢ௚࡜ࡋࠊ඲య࡜㛵㐃ࡍࡿㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚࣍) ᗈሗά ືࢆᣲࡆࡓࠋ

࢖㸧ᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩ ἲⓗᆅ఩ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ௒ᚋࠊḟࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࡢ᳨ウࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡿᓥࡢỈἐࡀࠊᇶⅬࡸᇶ⥺ࡢኚ᭦ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿ࡀࠊUNCLOS ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ ୙᫂☜࡛࠶ࡿࠋUNCLOS ࡢᇶ⥺ࡸᇶⅬ࡟㛵ࡍࡿつᐃ㸦➨ 5 ᮲ཬࡧ➨ 6 ᮲㸸㏻ᖖࡢᇶ⥺ࠊ➨ 7 ᮲㸸┤⥺ᇶ⥺ࡢᇶⅬࠊ➨ 47 ᮲㸸⩌ᓥᇶ⥺㸧ࡢゎ㔘ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ Ỉἐ࡜ᾏ㠃ୖ࡬ࡢ㟢ฟࢆᩘᖺ㛫ࡢ࿘ᮇ࡛⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍᓥࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢࠕᖖ࡟ᾏ㠃ୖ ࡟࠶ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᩥゝࡢࠕᖖ࡟ࠖࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ᫂☜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ᓥࡢỈἐࡀ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ➼ࡢ㡿ᇦࢆኚ᭦ࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡀࠊUNCLOS ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢせ௳ࠕᖖ࡟ᾏ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿࠖࡢ႙ኻࡢຠᯝࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿᚲせࡀ ࠶ࡿࠋ஧ᅜ㛫ࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ᮲⣙ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ஦᝟ኚ᭦ࡢཎ๎ࡢ౛እ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦᮲⣙ἲ᮲⣙➨ 62 ᮲㸧ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࢃࡏ࡚⪃៖ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ࣑ࢿࣝࣂ࣮ࣜࣇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊప₻㧗ᆅࢆࢧࣥࢦ࡛ᇙࡵ❧࡚࡚ᖖ࡟ᾏ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿᓥ࡟ࡍࡿ஦౛ ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺せ௳ࡣᵓᡂ≀࣭ᵓᡂᡭẁࡢ୍᪉ཪࡣ཮᪉ ࡀ⮬↛࡛࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿ࠊ᮲ᩥୖࡣ᫂☜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ㆟ㄽࢆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

㸫㸫 ࣟ㸧ᓥಖ඲ࡢᢏ⾡ ᓥࡢಖ඲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࠊᇙࡵ❧࡚ࠊㆤᓊᕤ஦ཬࡧ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ᳜ᯘ࡞࡝࡛ᑐฎࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋᇙࡵ❧࡚࡜ㆤᓊᕤ஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᢏ⾡ⓗㄢ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㈈ᨻⓗㄢ㢟ࠊᾏᓊ฼⏝ࡢㄢ㢟 ཬࡧ๓㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ἲⓗゎ㔘ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜⮬యࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ࣐ࣥࢢ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ᳜ᯘ࡟ ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊỶỈᇦࡶ࡞ࡃࠊᅵተࡢ࡞࠸Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡛ࡣ᳨ウࡢవᆅࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿㄢ㢟 ࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࠖ➼ࡢ᮲௳ࢆタᐃࡋࡓሙྜࠊ཮ ᪉࡟ࠊỴࡵᡭ࡜࡞ࡿᢏ⾡ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢃࡀᅜ࡛ࡣࠊᮍ᏶ᡂ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ ෌⏕ィ⏬ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࡢኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡣࠊ௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝཬࡧ᫖ᖺᗘࡢ Veitayaki ㄽᩥ࡛ ࡣࠊྠィ⏬࡟⯆࿡ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ᢏ⾡㠃࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ෌ ⏕ィ⏬ࢆ㍈࡟ࡋ࡚༠ຊࡍࡿࡢࡀ㐺ᙜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࣁ㸧ᓥ࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ ᓥ࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜഃࡣࠊᓥࡢᙧ≧࣭㠃✚ࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ቃ ⏺࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿ⣮தࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㛗ᮇほ ࣭ㄪᰝ࡞࡝ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ⟶⌮ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ ࡿ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲఍࡛ࡶᚲせᛶࡀㄽࡌࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௒ᚋࠊㄢ㢟࡜ᑐ ᛂ⟇ࢆලయⓗ࡟᥀ࡾୗࡆࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋణࡋࠊ௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࠿ࡽࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡣᨻᗓࡢ㒊ᒁ ࡈ࡜࡟ᾏὒ⟶⌮ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࠊᾏὒᇶᮏἲࡢ࠶ࡿࢃࡀᅜࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᾏࡢၥ㢟࡟⤫ྜⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵࡿ ≧ἣ࡟ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ஦᝟ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ㄢ㢟ඹ᭷ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ᫖ᖺᗘሗ࿌ ᭩ࡢ Veitayaki ㄽᩥࡣࠊᓥࡢၥ㢟ࢆ⁺ᴗၥ㢟ࠊ㜵⾨ၥ㢟ࡲࡓࡣᾏ㐠ᴗ࡞࡝࡜㛵㐃௜ࡅ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡢ⟶⌮ࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊ኱ὒࡢᓥࠎ࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ ࣛࢵࣉࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ཮᪉ࡢ஦᝟ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊලయⓗ࡞᳨ウࡀᚲ せ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

࣍㸧ᗈሗάື  ᗈሗάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ୍⯡࡬ࡢ࿘▱࠿ࡽ⟶⌮⪅࡬ࡢ࿘▱ࡲ࡛ࠊᖜᗈ࠸άືࡀᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿࡀࠊ ௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡛ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜഃࡣࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆᢅ࠺ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟㈶ྠࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ୡㄽ࡟ၥ࠸ࡓ࠸᝟ሗࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ࡞࠿࡞࠿Ⓨಙ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡛࠸ ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࡢࢃࡀᅜ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞どⅬ࠿ࡽᓥࡢၥ㢟ࢆヰࡋྜ࠺ሙྜࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢཧ ຍࡣḞ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡣࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࡜ࢃࡀᅜࡢ཮᪉࡟ព ⩏῝࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡀᢪ࠼ࡿᾏὒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡽࡓࡵ࡚ᾋࡁ᙮ࡾ࡟࡞ ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢከࡃࡢ㒊ศࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ㄢ㢟ඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋྠ᫬࡟௒ᅇࡢㄪ ᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊᓥࡢ⟶⌮࡜ࡣᓥࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃᾏὒࡢၥ㢟࡜ᐦ᥋࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ ࡗࡓࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡟ࡼࡾἢᓊᅜࡢ⟶⌮ࡍࡿᾏᇦࡀ 200 ᾏ㔛ࡲ࡛ᣑ኱ࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡟ᑐ ࡋ࡚ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ࡀᯝࡓࡍᙺ๭ࡀࡼ࠺ࡸࡃࡳ࠼࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࢀࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ᗈ࠸ศ㔝࡟ࢃࡓ ࡗ࡚㆟ㄽ࣭᝟ሗඹ᭷࣭ពぢ஺᥮ࡀࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࢆྵࡵࡓᓥࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟ゎỴ࡟᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㸫㸫 Western SAMOA 㸫㸫

TONGA

FIJI

ᅗ 2 - (2) -3㸹South Pacific Region Maritime Limits㸦ኴᖹὒᆅᇦᾏὒቃ⏺㸧 EEZ

㒆ᓥᇶ⥺

Suva

Ceva i Ra

Minerva Reef

ᅗ 2 - (2) - 4㸹ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮㡿ᾏࠊEEZ ᅗ

㸫㸫 㸦㸱㸧ྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ a.⫼ᬒ  Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡣࠊᮾி࠿ࡽ⣙ 1700 ࢟ࣟ㞳ࢀࡓኴᖹὒୖ࡟ᾋ࠿ࡪᮾす⣙ 4㸬5 ࢟ࣟࠊ༡໭⣙ 1㸬 7 ࢟ࣟࠊ࿘ᅖ⣙ 11 ࢟ࣟࡢ⎔♋࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ୰࡟ࡣᮾᑠᓥ࣭໭ᑠᓥࡢ஧ࡘࡢ㟢ᒾࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡣ 1977 ᖺ࡟⁺ᴗỈᇦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᬻᐃᥐ⨨ἲ࡟ࡼࡾప₻⥺ࢆᇶ⥺࡜ ࡍࡿ 200 ᾏ㔛ࡢ⁺ᴗỈᇦࢆタᐃࡋࠊ1996 ᖺ࡟ࡣᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ᢈ෸࡟࡜ࡶ࡞࠸ࠕ᤼௚ⓗ⤒ ῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴἲࠖ࡟ࡼࡾ 200 ᾏ㔛᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ㸦௨ୗࠊEEZ㸧ࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋἈࣀ㫽ᓥ ࡢ୰࡛‶₻᫬࡟Ỉ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿࡢࡣᮾᑠᓥཬࡧ໭ᑠᓥࡢ஧ࡘࡢᑠᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᾐ㣗࡟ࡼࡿỈ ἐࡢ༴㝤ᛶࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ1988 ᖺ࡟ࡣ୧ᓥࡢ࿘ᅖ࡟ㆤᓊᕤ஦㸦ࡓࡔࡋࠊ୧ᑠᓥࡢ࿘㎶࡟ࡣ ⁁ࡀసᡂࡉࢀࠊỈࡀධࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᵓ㐀࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯࡟㓄៖ࡍ ࡿᵓ㐀࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࡀ᪋ࡉࢀࠊ1999 ᖺ࡟ࡣᨵṇᾏᓊἲ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࠕᅜᅵಖ඲ୖᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡛ ࠶ࡾࠊ࠿ࡘࠊᆅ⌮ⓗ᮲௳ཬࡧ♫఍ⓗ≧ἣ࡟ࡼࡾ㒔㐨ᗓ┴▱஦ࡀ⟶⌮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀⴭࡋࡃᅔ㞴 ཪࡣ୙㐺ᙜ࡞ᾏᓊࠖ㸦ᾏᓊἲ➨ 37 ᮲ࡢ 2㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᅜᅵ஺㏻኱⮧ࡢ┤㎄⟶⌮༊࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀࠊ ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ࡀ┤᥋ᾏᓊࡢ⥔ᣢ⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ1ࠋ  Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡀᢪ࠼ࡿᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᚑ᮶௨ୗࡢ 2 Ⅼࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ➨୍࡟ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡀࠕ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ᒾࠖ㸦ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 3 㡯㸧࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 3 㡯ࡣࠕே㛫ࡢ ᒃఫཪࡣ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭ⓗ⏕άࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᒾࡣࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཪࡣ኱㝣Ჴࢆ ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜つᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྠᓥ࿘㎶࡬ࡢ EEZ ࡟཯ᑐࡍࡿㄽㄝࡣࠊྠᓥࡀ 121 ᮲ 3 㡯࡟ヱ ᙜࡍࡿᆅᙧ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿࠋ  ➨஧࡟ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿㆤᓊᕤ஦ࡀࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ㝣ᆅࠖ㸦ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯㸧࡜࠸࠺ᩥゝ࡟཯ࡍࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ᫖ᖺ࡟ࡣỈ⏘ᗇࡀࡍࡍ ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࢧࣥࢦࡸ᭷Ꮝ⹸ࡢቑṪ࡟ࡼࡿᓥࡢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊேᕤᓥࢆసᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟㐣ࡂ ࡞࠸࡜ࡢᢈุࡀ⡿ᅜࡢᏛ⪅ࡼࡾᐤࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ2ࠋ ࡇࡢ2 Ⅼࡣᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ࡢゎ㔘࡟ಀࢃࡿࡀࠊࡋ࠿ࡋࠊྠ᮲ࡢゎ㔘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ Ꮫㄝཬࡧᅜᐙᐇ⾜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ⤫୍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠼ࡎࠊࡼࡾ☜ᐃⓗ࡞ゎ㔘ࡣࠊከࡃࡢㅖ ᅜࡢᐇ⾜ࡸᅜ㝿ุ౛ࡀ୍ᐃࡢᇶ‽ࢆ♧ࡍ࡟࠸ࡓࡿ࠿ࠊࡲࡓࡣ᪂ࡓ࡞᮲⣙ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡑࡢゎ㔘 ࡀ᫂☜໬ࡉࢀࡿࡢࢆᚅࡓࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠼ࡿ3ࠋ  ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ࡢゎ㔘࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜᐙᐇ⾜࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ ⾜ཬࡧᓥಖ඲ࡢᅜᐙᐇ⾜ࢆᩚ⌮࣭ศᯒࡍࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜㢮ఝࡍࡿせ⣲ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ↓ே 㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮㸦EEZ ࡢタᐃࠊᓥཬࡧ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ฼ά⏝ࡸ⎔ቃಖㆤ➼ࡢᅜ㝿᮲⣙࡟ࡼࡿ⩏ ົࡢᒚ⾜㸧࡟ࡘࡁࠊ㇦ᕞࡢ஦౛ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋḟ࡟ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ྠᵝ࡟Ỉἐࡢ༴ᶵ࡟࠶ࡾࠊ ㆤᓊᕤ஦ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ㸦࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࣭ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᕤ஦ཬࡧྠᕤ ஦࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢ㆟ㄽࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞సᴗࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ࡢ࠶ ࡾ᪉ࢆᶍ⣴ࡋࠊࡲࡓᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ࡀチᐜࡍࡿᓥ෌⏕ࡢᡭẁ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ගࢆ࠶࡚ࡓ ࠸ࠋ

㸫㸫 b. 㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ (a) ㇦ᕞࡢ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢᾏὒ⟶⌮ἲไ ㇦ᕞࡣ㐃㑥ไᅜᐙ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㇦ᕞᮏᅵ࠿ࡽ 3 ᾏ㔛௨ෆࡣྛᕞࠊ3 ᾏ㔛௨㐲ࡢᾏᇦࡣ㐃㑥ࡀ⟶ ㎄ᶒࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࠕᾏእ㡿ᅵ㸦external territory㸧ࠖ࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸴ࡘࡢᓥ ᕋ㸦ࢥࢥࢫᓥࠊࢡࣜࢫ࣐ࢫᓥࠊ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥࠊࢥ࣮࣭ࣛࣝࢩ࣮ㅖᓥࠊࣀ࣮ ࣇ࢛࣮ࢡᓥࠊࣁ࣮ࢻ࣭࣐ࢡࢻࢼࣝࢻㅖᓥ㸧ࡣ㐃㑥ࡀ┤᥋⟶⌮ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ࢔ࢩࣗ ࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥࠊࢥ࣮࣭ࣛࣝࢩ࣮ㅖᓥࠊࣁ࣮ࢻ࣭࣐ࢡࢻࢼࣝࢻㅖᓥࡢ㸱ࡘࡣᐃఫ⪅ ࡢ࠸࡞࠸↓ேᓥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௚᪉ࠊᾏእ㡿ᅵ࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡶ Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋ ࣐ࢵࢥ࣮࣮ࣜᓥࡣᮏᅵࡼࡾ 1500km ௨ୖ㞳ࢀࡓ↓ேࡢ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㐃㑥 ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᕞ(ࢱࢫ࣐ࢽ࢔ᕞ)ࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ௒ᅇࡣᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘᮏ஦ᴗሗ࿌᭩࡛ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࣁ࣮ࢻ࣭࣐ࢡࢻࢼࣝࢻㅖᓥ௨እࡢᓥࠎࡢ࠺ ࡕࠊ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥཬࡧ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇ㸦ࢥ࣮࣭ࣛࣝ ࢩ࣮ㅖᓥ㸧ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿ4ࠋ ㇦ᕞࡣSeas and Submerged Lands Act 1973➨10B ⠇(௨ୗSSL Act 1973)࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ1994ᖺ7 ᭶29᪥௜ࡅᕸ࿌࡟ࡼࡾEEZࡢタᐃࢆᐉゝࡋࡓ5ࠋྠᕸ࿌࡛ࡣࠊᾏእ㡿ᅵ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠕᅜ㝿ἲ ࡟ྜ⮴ࡍࡿᇶ⥺࠿ࡽ200ᾏ㔛Ἀྜࡢ⥺ࠖࢆEEZࡢእ⦕࡜ࡋࡓ㸦ྠᕸ࿌Ϩ(a)(ii)㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊᇶ⥺ ࠿ࡽ㏆㞄ᅜࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀ400ᾏ㔛௨ෆࡢᾏᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ┦ᡭᅜ࡜ࡢቃ⏺⥺ࡲࡓࡣ㇦ᕞᙜᒁ ࡀ ᐃࡋࡓ୰㛫⥺ࢆEEZࡢእ⦕࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ6ࠋࡇࡢᕸ࿌࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㇦ᕞࡣ8,148,250 ੎(༡ᴟ㡿 ᅵ࿘㎶EEZࢆ㝖ࡃࠋ)࡜࠸࠺㇦ᕞ኱㝣ᮏᅵࡢ㠃✚ࡼࡾࡶᗈ኱࡞EEZࢆᡭ࡟ධࢀࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ ࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ⣙25%ࡀࢥࢥࢫᓥࠊࢡࣜࢫ࣐ࢫᓥࠊࣀ࣮ࣇ࢛࣮ࢡᓥࠊࣁ࣮ࢻ࣭࣐ࢡࢻࢼࣝࢻㅖᓥ ࿘㎶ࡢEEZ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ7ࠋ

     EEZ ࡢ㠃✚࡜ෆヂ (༢఩㸸km2) ᓥᕋ㒊 2,099,569 ࣁ࣮ࢻᓥ࡜࣐ࢡࢻࢼࣝࢻᓥ 410,722 ࢥࢥࢫᓥ 463,371 ᮏᅵ 6,048,681 ࢡࣜࢫ࣐ࢫᓥ 325,021 ࣀ࣮ࣇ࢛࣮ࢡᓥ 428,618 ࣐ࢵࢥ࣮࣮ࣜᓥ 471,837 ⥲㠃✚ 8,148,250

⾲1㸸AMBIS2001ࢆඖ࡟༳༡᭸ᾈ࣭ຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪࡀసᡂ(2001ᖺࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࠋ༡ᴟ኱㝣ࢆ㝖ࡃ)8 

㸫㸫 ᅗ1: ㇦ᕞࡢᾏᇦ ฟ඾: ㇦ᕞᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫᶵᵓ㸦Geoscience Australia㸧 http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA5598.pdf

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᗈ኱࡞ᾏᇦࢆ⟶㎄ୗ࡟࠾ࡉࡵࡓⅬࢆࡩࡲ࠼ࠊ㇦ᕞࡣ1998ᖺ࡟ࠕ㇦ᕞࡢᾏὒᨻ ⟇㸸ࢣ࢔ࠊ⌮ゎࠊࡑࡋ࡚㈼᫂࡞฼⏝㸦Australia’s Ocean Policy: Caring, Understanding, and Using Wisely㸧ࠖࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࠊᾏὒ⎔ቃಖㆤ࡬ࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞ᨻ⟇ࢆᥦ♧ࡋࡓࠋྠᩥ᭩࡛ࡣࠊEEZࡢᾏὒ ⎔ቃಖㆤ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࠕᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢ⥾⣙ᅜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㇦ᕞࡣ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡢෆ㒊࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊኳ↛㈨※ࡢ ᥈ᰝࠊ㛤ⓎࠊಖᏑཬࡧ⟶⌮ࡢࡓࡵࡢ୺ᶒⓗᶒ฼ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋධᡭྍ⬟࡞᭱Ⰻࡢ⛉Ꮫⓗドᣐ࡟ ᇶ࡙ࡃᾏὒࡢಖㆤ࡜⏕ែ⣔ⓗ࡟ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞⟶⌮ࡣࡇࢀࡽ୺ᶒⓗᶒ฼࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ㄢࡏࡽࢀࡿᇶ ᮏⓗ࡞㈐௵࡛࠶ࡿࠖ9

㸫㸫 ྠᩥ᭩࡛ࡣ➨5❶ࠕ㇦ᕞࡢᾏὒᨻ⟇ࡢᐇ᪋-㘽࡜࡞ࡿ㔜せ࡞࢔ࢡࢩࣙࣥࠖ➨2⠇ࠕᾏὒࡢ⏕ ≀ከᵝᛶࡢಖ඲ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕᾏὒࡢ⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡢಖ඲ࡣᡃࡀᨻᗓࡢ㔜せ࡞┠ᶆ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊ ᅜࡢ௦⾲ⓗᾏὒಖㆤ༊ไᗘ㸦National Representative System of Marine Protected Area㸧ࡢಁ㐍ࠊ ࢢ࣮ࣞࢺࣂࣜ࢔࣮ࣜࣇᾏὒබᅬࠊ⤯⁛༴᝹✀➼ࡢ✀ࡢಖᏑࠊྠᩥ᭩Ⓨ⾲᫬࡟ࡣᑂ㆟୰࡛࠶ ࡗࡓ1999ᖺ⎔ቃಖㆤཬࡧ⏕≀ከᵝᛶಖ඲ἲ㸦Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999㸸௨ୗEPBCἲ)࡟つᐃࡉࢀࡿᅜᐙⓗ㔜せ⎔ቃ஦㡯ࡢಖㆤࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊࡇ ࡢ┠ᶆࡣ㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ10ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᩥ᭩Ⓨ⾲ࡢ⩣ᖺ࡟බᕸࡉࢀࡓEPBCἲ࡟࠾࠸ ࡚ࡣࠊୡ⏺㑇⏘ࠊᅜᐙ㑇⏘ࠊ⤯⁛༴᝹✀ཬࡧ⏕ែ⣔ࠊᅇ㐟ᛶ㨶✀ࠊ᰾㛵㐃άື࡜࡞ࡽࡧࠊ 㐃㑥ᾏᇦࡀᅜᐙⓗ㔜せ⎔ቃ஦㡯࡜ࡋ࡚࠶ࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦EPBCἲSec 23-24)ࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᩥ᭩ࡸ ❧ἲ࡟♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠾ࡾࠊ㇦ᕞࡣᾏὒ⎔ቃࡢ⟶⌮࡟⇕ᚰ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡀࠊ࡜ࡾࢃࡅࠊ 㐲㝸㞳ᓥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᾏὒಖㆤ༊ࡢタᐃࠊୡ⏺㑇⏘࡬ࡢⓏ㘓➼ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊヲ⣽࡞⎔ቃ⟶⌮ィ ⏬ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ11ࠋᮏ✏ࡀᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥࠊ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜ ࣇ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇ࡟ࡶࠊEPBCἲ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓᾏὒಖㆤ༊㸦㐃㑥ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ㸸Commonwealth Reserve)ࡀタᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ㇦ᕞࡢᾏὒಖㆤ༊࡟ࡣ኱ูࡍࡿ࡜㐃㑥ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ࡜ࢢ࣮ࣞࢺࣂࣜ࢔࣮ࣜࣇᾏὒබᅬࡢ2✀ 㢮ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ࿘㎶࡟タᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㐃㑥ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ⟶⌮᪉ἲࡣḟࡢ ࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ12ࠋ 㐃㑥ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡣࠊ㇦ᕞ⥲╩ࡀᕸ࿌࡟ࡼࡾタᐃࡋࠊEPBCἲ࡛タࡅࡽࢀࡓ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ ᩥ໬┬ࡢᅜ❧බᅬᒁ㛗㸦Director of National Parks㸧ࡀࡑࡢ⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ ྛࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡣタ⨨࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࠊḟࡢ7ࡘࡢIUCN࢝ࢸࢦࣜࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࣜ ࢨ࣮ࣈࢆ༊ศࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢰ࣮ࣥࢆ␗࡞ࡿ࢝ࢸࢦࣜ࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸦EPBC ἲSec 348㸧ࠋ ձStrict Nature Reserve (IUCN Ia) ղWilderness area (IUCN Ib) ճNational Park (IUCN II) մNatural Monument (IUCN III) յHabitat/Species Management Area (IUCN IV) նProtected Landscape/Seascape (IUCN V) շManaged Resource Protected Area (IUCN VI) ࡇࢀࡽ࢝ࢸࢦࣜẖ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿAustralian IUCN Reserve Management Principles࡟ἢࡗࡓ⟶ ⌮ィ⏬ࡀྛࣜࢨ࣮࡟సᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋAustralian IUCN Reserve Management Principlesࡣ⟶⌮ィ⏬ సᡂ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚⪃៖ࡉࢀࡿ஦㡯࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊձඹྠయࡢཧຍࠊղᐇຠⓗ࠿ࡘ㐺ྜⓗ⟶⌮ࠊճண 㜵ཎ๎ࠊմᙳ㡪ࡢ᭱ᑠ໬ࠊյ⏕ែⓗ࡟ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞฼⏝ࠊնពᛮỴᐃࡢ㏱᫂໬ࠊշ㸦ඛఫẸ ➼࡜ࡢ㸧ඹྠ⟶⌮࡜࠸࠺8ཎ๎ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ(The EPBC Regulations Schedule 8 part 1)ࠋ⟶⌮ィ ⏬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࣜࢨ࣮ࣈෆ࡛チᐜࡉࢀࡿάືࡀᐃࡵࡽࢀࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢάືࡣᅜ❧බᅬᒁ㛗ࡢ チྍࡀ࡞࠸㝈ࡾཎ๎ⓗ࡟⚗Ṇ࡜࡞ࡿ㸦EPBCἲSec 354㸧ࠋ୍⯡ⓗ࡟⚗Ṇࡉࢀࡿάື࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ

㸫㸫 ཎ⏕✀࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿㅖάືࡸၟᴗάືࠊ㖔ᴗάືࠊ⛉ᏛㄪᰝࠊᗫᲠ≀ᢞᲠ➼࡛࠶ࡿ㸦EPBC ἲSec 354㸧ཬࡧ(The EPBC Regulations Part12 Subdivision12.2.2)ࠋᅜ❧බᅬᒁ㛗ࡣチྍࢆୗࡍ ࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊ⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡸࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ≉ᚩ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ(The EPBC Regulations Part12 Subdivision12.0.3)ࠋ ⌧ᅾࠊ㇦ᕞࡢ㐃㑥Ỉᇦ࡟ࡣ26ࡶࡢ㐃㑥ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡀタᐃࡉࢀࠊᾏᇦࡢྜィࡣ49,890,080࣊ࢡ ࢱ࣮ࣝ࡟ࡢࡰࡿ13ࠋ

(b) ㇦ᕞࡢ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ஦౛ ࢖. ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥ㸦Ashmore and Cartier Islands㸧14 ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥࡣ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥ࡜࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥ࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀࠊ㇦ᕞᮏᅵ࠿ ࡽ⣙ 350kmࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔㡿ࣟࢸ࢕ᓥ࠿ࡽ⣙ 170km 㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥࡣ࣮ࣜࣇෆ ࡟ 3 ࡘࡢᑠᓥ㸦᭱኱ࡢᓥ࡛㛗ࡉ 1kmࠋ㸱ᓥྜィࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ 112ha㸧ࢆ᭷ࡋࠊ℺ᮌ➼ࡢ᳜⏕ࡶ Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋ࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥࡣ࣮ࣜࣇෆ࡟᳜⏕ࡢ࡞࠸ᑠᓥࡀࡦ࡜ࡘ࠶ࡾࠊ࣮ࣜࣇཬࡧᓥࡢ኱ࡁ ࡉࡢྜィࡣ 17,000 ha ࡛࠶ࡿ15ࠋ ㇦ᕞࡣ 1994 ᖺࡢ EEZ タᐃᐉゝ๓࡟ࠊ1979 ᖺ࡟⁺ᴗỈᇦタᐃᐉゝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ16ࠋ⩣ᖺࡼࡾ⁺ ᴗỈᇦࡢ㔜」ࡍࡿ㞄ᅜ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔࡜ࡑࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ஺΅ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ஺΅࡟࠾࠸࡚ ࡣࠊ୧⪅ࡢ㛫࡛࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥࡢຠᯝࡀதࢃࢀࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ஺΅࡟࠾࠸࡚ ㇦ᕞࡣ୧ᓥࢆᓥ࡜୺ᙇࡋ඲㒊ຠᯝࢆ୺ᙇࡋࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࡣᒾ࡛࠶ࡾຠᯝࡣ࡞ ࠸࡜୺ᙇࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋጇ༠࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ1981 ᖺ㇦ᕞ࣭࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔㛫ᬻᐃ⁺ᴗ┘ど࣭ᇳ⾜ྲྀ ࡾỴࡵ࡛ࡣ୧ᓥࡢἈ 12 ᾏ㔛࡟ᬻᐃ⁺ᴗ┘ど⥺ࡀᘬ࠿ࢀࡓ17ࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ1997 ᖺࡢ㇦ᕞ࣭࢖ࣥ ࢻࢿࢩ࢔㛫᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦቃ⏺⏬ᐃ᮲⣙࡛ࡣࠊ஺΅᫬࡟࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥࢆ୧ᅜࡢ௦⾲ᅋࡀど ᐹࡋࠊྠᓥࡀ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯࡟ᐃࡵࡽࢀࡿᓥ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢㄆ㆑ࡀඹ᭷ࡉࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥ ࡟ 24 ᾏ㔛ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ࡢ EEZ ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓ18ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊྠ᮲⣙ࡣ 2007 ᖺᮎࡢ᫬ Ⅼ࡛Ⓨຠࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊྠᓥ࿘㎶ࡢᾏᇦࡣ⌧ᅾࡶ 1981 ᖺ㇦ᕞ࣭࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔㛫ᬻᐃ⁺ᴗ┘ど࣭ ᇳ⾜ྲྀࡾỴࡵ࡟ࡼࡾつᚊࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㸫㸫 ᅗ 2: ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥࡢ఩⨨ཬࡧࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ⟶⌮࣐ࢵࣉ ฟ඾ ㇦ᕞ⁺ᴗ⟶⌮ᶵ㛵 http://www.afma.gov.au/management/compliance/illegal/maps/eng_west.pdf

㉥Ⅼ⥺:࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔㸻㇦ᕞᬻᐃ⁺ᴗ┘ど⥺ࠊ㯮⥺:࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔㸻㇦ᕞ኱㝣Ჴቃ⏺⥺

⥳Ⅼ⥺:㇦ᕞ EZ࣭኱㝣Ჴෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ఏ⤫⁺ᴗ᧯ᴗチྍỈᇦ

㸫㸫 ୧ᓥ࡜ࡶࠊΏࡾ㫽ࡸ࣑࣓࢘࢞ࡢఇᜥᆅ࣭⏘༸ᆅ࡛࠶ࡿ➼ࠊ㇏࠿࡞⏕≀ከᵝᛶࢆ㄂ࡿࡀࠊ ࡜ࡾࢃࡅ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥࡣ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔㏻㐣ὶ࡟఩⨨ࡋࠊᇦෆ࡛⏕ᜥࡍࡿ࣑࢘࣊ࣅࡢ✀㢮ࡣ ୡ⏺᭱ከࢆグ㘓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ㇦ᕞࡣ National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1975㸦1975 ᖺ NPWC ἲ㸧࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ࢔ࢩ ࣗࣔ࢔ᓥࡣ 1983 ᖺ࡟࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥᅜ❧⮬↛ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ㸦ᓥཬࡧ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࢆྵࡴ⠊ᅖ 58,343 ha㸧 ࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀࡓ㸦EPBC ἲࡢไᐃ࡟క࠸ࠊ⌧ᅾࡣྠἲ࡟ࡼࡾつᚊࡉࢀࡿ㸧19ࠋ࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥࡣ EPBC ἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ 2000 ᖺ࡟࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥᾏὒࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀࡓ20ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥ ࡣ 2002 ᖺ࡟࣒ࣛࢧ࣮ࣝ᮲⣙‵ᆅ࡟ࡶⓏ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ21ࠋ ୧ᓥ࡛ࡣఏ⤫ⓗ࡟࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔⁺Ẹࡀ㧗℩㈅ࠊࢼ࣐ࢥࠊᾏ㫽ཬࡧࡑࡢ༸ࠊࢧ࣓➼ࡢ᥇ྲྀ ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㏆ᖺࡇ࠺ࡋࡓఏ⤫ⓗ⁺ᴗࡢᑐ㇟✀ࡢᯤῬࡀ༴㝤どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㇦ᕞࡣ࢖ࣥ ࢻࢿࢩ࢔࡜༠ᐃࢆ⤖ࢇ࡛࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔⁺Ẹࡢάືࢆไ㝈ࡍࡿ௚ࠊᾏὒ⎔ቃࡢಖㆤࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ2002 ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊ୧ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ㏆᥋ᛶ࡟㚷ࡳࠊ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥᅜ❧⮬↛ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ➨஧ḟ⟶ ⌮ィ⏬ཬࡧ࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥᾏὒࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ➨୍ḟ⟶⌮ィ⏬ࡀ༢୍ࡢᩥ᭩ࠕAshmore Reef National Nature Reserve and Cartier Island Marine Reserve Management Plansࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡉࢀࡓ22ࠋ ྠᩥ᭩࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ୧ᾏὒࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࢆḟࡢ஧ࡘࡢࢰ࣮ࣥ࡟ศࡅࡿࠋ

 ୍࣭⯡❧ࡕධࡾ⚗Ṇࢰ࣮ࣥ㸦IUCN ࢝ࢸࢦࣜϨa: Strict Nature Reserve㸧 ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥᅜ❧⮬↛ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ኱༙㸦Middle Island ཬࡧ East Island ࢆྵࡴ 55,500ha㸧 ཬࡧ࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥᾏὒࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ඲ᇦ ୍࣭⯡㛤ᨺࢰ࣮ࣥ㸦IUCN ࢝ࢸࢦࣜϩ:National Park㸧 ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥᅜ❧⮬↛ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ୍㒊(West Island ྵࡴ 3,300ha)

୍⯡❧ࡕධࡾ⚗Ṇࢰ࣮࡛ࣥࡣࠊ୍⯡ࡢ↓チྍࡢ❧ධࡾཬࡧၟᴗ⁺ᴗࠊࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥά ື㸦㐟⁺࣭᥇ྲྀ࣭ࢫ࣮࢟ࣗࣂࢲ࢖ࣅࣥࢢ➼㸧ࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ேࡢఏ⤫ⓗ⁺ᴗ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ⏕≀㈨ ※࡟ᙳ㡪ࡢ࠶ࡿάືࡀ࡯ࡰ඲㠃ⓗ࡟⚗Ṇࡉࢀࡿࠋチྍไ࡛ᐇ᪋࡛ࡁࡿάືࡣ⛉Ꮫㄪᰝࠊほ ගࢶ࢔࣮࣭᧜ᙳཬࡧࡑࡢ௚ࡢၟᴗάື࡟㝈ᐃࡉࢀࡿࠋ ୍⯡㛤ᨺࢰ࣮࡛ࣥࡣࠊ୍⯡ࡢ❧ࡕධࡾཬࡧⱝᖸࡢࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥάື(㐟⁺ཬࡧࢫ࢟ࣗ ࣮ࣂࢲ࢖ࣅࣥࢢ)ࡀチྍ↓ࡋ࡛⾜࠸࠺ࡿࡀࠊ⛉Ꮫㄪᰝࠊほගࢶ࢔࣮࣭᧜ᙳཬࡧࡑࡢ௚ࡢၟᴗ άືࡣチྍࢆཷࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣၟᴗ⁺ᴗࡣ⚗Ṇࡉࢀࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ே⁺Ẹࡢά ືࡣ㔞ࡸ᫬㛫࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ไ㝈௜ࡁ࡛ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ23ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᅜ❧බᅬᒁᒁ㛗ᖺḟሗ࿌ 2006-2007 ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ2006 ᖺ࡟ࣂ࣮ࢻ࢛࢘ࢵࢳࣥࢢࢶ࢔࣮ࡀ୍ᅇ㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ24ࠋ ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⎔ቃ⟶⌮ィ⏬ࡢᐇ᪋࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ࡣࢥ࣮ࢫࢺ࢛࢘ࢵࢳ ➼࡜༠ຊࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྠ┬ࡣࢥ࣮ࢫࢺ࢛࢘ࢵࢳࠊᾏ㌷➼࡜༠㆟ࢆࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠕ㑂Ᏺ࣭࡜ ἲᇳ⾜ィ⏬㸦A Compliance and Enforcement Plan㸧ࠖࢆసᡂࡍࡿࠋ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥ࡛ࡢᐇ㝿ࡢ┘ どάືࡣࢥ࣮ࢫࢺ࢛࢘ࢵࢳ࡟ࡼࡾ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋྠᶵ㛵ࡣ୙ἲ⛣Ẹ㜵Ṇࢆ୺┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࢔ࢩࣗ ࣔ࢔ᓥ࡟┘ど⯪ࢆ೵Ἡࡉࡏࠊẖ᪥┘どάືࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㐪ἲ⁺ᴗ➼ࡢྲྀ⥾ࡾࡶ⾜࠺25ࠋ

㸫㸫 ෗┿1:West Island(࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥ)

ฟ඾㸸㇦ᕞ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/ashmore/activities.html

෗┿2:࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥ

ฟ ඾㸸㇦ ᕞ ⎔ ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇 ⏘࣭ᩥ ໬ ┬ http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/cartier/history.html

ࣟ. ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇ㸦Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs㸧26 ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇཬࡧ࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇࡣ࣮ࣟࢻࣁ࢘ᓥ࠿ࡽ 95 kmࠊ㇦ᕞᮏᅵ࠿ࡽ 555 km 㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇࡣ኱ࡁࡉ⣙ 8.9 km×6.3 km ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇࡣ኱ࡁ ࡉ 8.2 km ×5.5 km ࡛࠶ࡿ27ࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕᖖ᫬ᾏ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿᕞᓥࡢᏑᅾࡸ኱ࡁࡉ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ୧ ࣮ࣜࣇ࡟タᐃࡉࢀࡓᾏὒබᅬࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡟ࡣࠕ㧗₻᫬࡟ࡣࠊ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜ ࣇཬࡧ࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇࡣṤ࡝඲࡚Ỉἐࡋࠊ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇ࡟࠶ࡿᑠࡉ࡞◁ᕞࡢ௚ࡣᾉ ࡢ㍯ࡀぢ࠼ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ㄝ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୧ᓥ࡜ࡶ᳜⏕ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊேࡢᒃఫᐇ⦼ࡶ࡞࠸28ࠋ ቃ⏺ࢆ᥋ࡍࡿᅜࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ200 ᾏ㔛ࡢ EEZ ࢆタᐃࡋࠊ2004 ᖺ࡟ࡣ኱㝣Ჴᘏఙࢆ⏦ㄳࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿ29ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺࣥ୧࣮ࣜࣇ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ 121 ᮲ 3 㡯ࢆ ‶ࡓࡉ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜ࡢ␲ၥࡀࠊ⡿ᅜᅜົ┬࣭⡿ᅜᆅ㉁ㄪᰝᡤసᡂࡢሗ࿌᭩࡟࠾࠸࡚ ᥦ㉳ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2006 ᖺ࡟సᡂࡉࢀࡓྠሗ࿌᭩࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ୧࣮ࣜࣇࡣேࡢᒃఫࡢᐇ⦼ࡀ ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ཬࡧ㧗₻᫬࡟࡯ࡰỈἐࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ121 ᮲ 3 㡯࡟ྜ⮴ࡋ࡞࠸࡜ศᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ30ࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊ㇦ᕞࡢ኱㝣Ჴᘏఙ⏦ㄳ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⡿ᅜᨻᗓࡀᅜ㐃஦ົ⥲㛗࡟ᥦฟࡋࡓ 2004 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 3 ᪥௜እ஺ᩥ᭩ࡣ㇦ᕞ࡟ࡼࡿ༡ᴟ㡿ᅵࡢ኱㝣Ჴᘏఙ⏦ㄳ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢᢠ㆟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ୧࣮ࣜࣇ࠿ ࡽࡢ኱㝣Ჴᘏఙ࡬ࡢᢠ㆟ࡣグࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸31ࠋ ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇཬࡧ࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇࡣࠊୡ⏺᭱༡➃ࡢࡉࢇࡈ♋࡛࠶ࡿࠋἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ ྠᵝ࡟ᾏᒣࡢ㡬ୖ࡟Ⓨ㐩ࡋࡓࡉࢇࡈ♋࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢᏙ❧ࡋࡓ❧ᆅ࠿ࡽእ㒊࠿ࡽࡢ⏕≀ຍධ

㸫㸫 ࡀ㝈ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㇦ᕞ኱㝣ἢᓊ࡛ࡣ⤯⁛ࡢ༴ᶵ࡟࠶ࡿ✀㸦ࢠࣥࢲࣛ㸧ࡀᩘከࡃ⏕ᜥࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿ➼ࠊࡑࡢᏙ❧ᛶࡀࣉࣛࢫ࡟ാ࠸࡚࠸ࡿഃ㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ㇦ᕞࡣ 1987 ᖺ࡟ NPWC ἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ ࡃᕸ࿌࡟ࡼࡾࠊ୧࣮ࣜࣇ࡟ᾏὒᅜ❧⮬↛ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࢆタᐃࡋ㸦⌧ᅾࡣ EPBC ἲ࡟ࡼࡾつᚊࡉ ࢀࡿ㸧ࠊ1997 ᖺ࡟ࡣ Coral Sea Island Act 1969 ࡢᨵṇ࡟ࡼࡾࢥ࣮࣭ࣛࣝࢩ࣮ㅖᓥ࡟⦅ධࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࡇࡢᾏὒᅜ❧⮬↛ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ⟶⌮⪅ࡣ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥ࡜ྠᵝ࡟⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇 ⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ࣒ࣛࢧ࣮ࣝ᮲⣙‵ᆅ࡟Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ32ࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊ⎔ቃಖㆤ௨እ࡛ࡶࠊ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ࡣ Historic ShipWrecks Act 1976 ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ ୧࣮ࣜࣇ࿘㎶ࡢṔྐⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ࡟౯್ࡢ࠶ࡿ㞴◚⯪ࡢಖᏑ࡟✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ33ࠋ 2006 ᖺ࠿ࡽࡣ Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs Marine National Nature Reserve Management Plan 2006 – 2013 ࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ34ࠋ ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇࡣ Habitat Protection Zone㸦IUCN ࢝ࢸࢦࣜ II㸧࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀࠊ୍⯡ࡢ❧ ࡕධࡾࡣチྍࡢ࠶ࡿሙྜ࡟㝈ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋၟᴗ⁺ᴗࡣ⚗Ṇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㐟⁺ࡣไ㝈௜ ࡁ࡛⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ⁺ᴗ௨እࡢၟᴗάື㸦᧜ᙳ࣭ほග➼㸧ࠊࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥάື㸦ࢫ ࣮࢟ࣗࣂࢲ࢖ࣅࣥࢢ㸧࣭⛉Ꮫㄪᰝࡶチྍไ࡛ᐇ᪋ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇࡣ Sanctuary Zone㸦IUCN ࢝ࢸࢦࣜ Ia)࡟ᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍⯡ேࡣ↓ チྍ࡛❧ࡕධࡾࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊࣜࢨ࣮ࣈෆࡢάື࡟ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ไ㝈ࡀㄢࡉࢀࠊ⁺ᴗ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ ၟᴗ⁺ᴗࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㐟⁺ࡶ⚗Ṇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ௚ࡢၟᴗάື㸦᧜ᙳ࣭ほගࡑࡢ࡯࠿㸧ࡸ ࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥάື㸦ࢫ࣮࢟ࣗࣂࢲ࢖ࣅࣥࢢ㸧ࠊ⛉Ꮫㄪᰝࡶチྍไ࡛ᐇ᪋ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ35ࠋ 2006 ᖺᗘ࡟ࡣ 11 ࡢࣞࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢩࣙࣥ㸦ࢲ࢖ࣅࣥࢢ㸧ࢶ࢔࣮ࠊ1 ௳ࡢၟᴗࢶ࢔࣮ࠊ1 ௳ࡢ ⛉Ꮫㄪᰝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ⟶⌮ィ⏬ࡢᒚ⾜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ࡢᢸᙜᐁࡀẖ ᖺኟ(ࢶ࢔࣮ࡢ⦾ᛁᮇ)࡟⌧ᆅ࡟㥔ᅾࡋ࡚┘╩ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢ㝿࡟ࡣゼၥ⪅ᩘࡢ☜ㄆ࡜࠶ࢃࡏ࡚ࠊ ࣜࢨ࣮ࣈࡢ≧ἣࡢホ౯ࡸᾏὒࢦ࣑ࡢ㝖ཤ➼ࠊ኱Ꮫࡢ◊✲⪅࡟ࡼࡿㄪᰝࡶᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ ࢥ࣮ࢫࢺ࢛࢘ࢵࢳࡶ┘ど㣕⾜࣮ࣝࢺ࡟୧࣮ࣜࣇୖ✵ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡳࠊ≧ἣࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ36ࠋ

෗┿ 3(ᕥ): ࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇ  ฟ඾: ㇦ᕞ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ࠊMark Hallan Ặ᧜ᙳ http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/elizabeth/management.html ෗┿ 4(ྑ):࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇ ฟ඾: ㇦ᕞ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ࠊMark Hallan Ặ᧜ᙳ http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/elizabeth/features.html

㸫㸫 (c) ㇦ᕞࡢ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ⟶⌮ࡢ᳨ウ  ㇦ᕞࡢ↓ேࡢ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ⟶⌮ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⅼࢆ࠶ࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ➨୍࡟ࡣࠊᑠࡉ࡞ᓥᕋ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ EEZ ࢆタᐃࡋࠊ㛵㐃ࡍࡿᅜ㝿⎔ቃ᮲⣙ࢆࡩࡲ࠼࡚ヲ⣽ ࡞⎔ቃಖㆤィ⏬ࢆసᡂࡋࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞⎔ቃಖㆤ⩏ົࡢᒚ⾜ࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ ⟶⌮ィ⏬ࡣࢥ࣮ࢫࢺ࢛࢘ࢵࢳ࡞࡝ࡢἲᇳ⾜ᶵ㛵࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࠊほගࢶ࢔࣮ࢩ࣮ࢬࣥࡢᢸᙜᐁࡢ ⌧ᆅ㥔ᅾࠊᐃᮇⓗ࡞≧ែㄪᰝ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾࠊᒚ⾜ࡀ☜ಖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࡶ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊ ྛᾏὒࣜࢨ࣮ࣈ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᝟ሗࡣ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡛බ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ୍⯡ே࡬ࡢᾏὒ⎔ቃၥ 㢟ࡸᅜ㝿⎔ቃ᮲⣙ࡢᒚ⾜≧ἣ➼ࡢ࿘▱ࡢᚭᗏࡶᅗࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥࡸ࢚ ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇࡢ࣒ࣛࢧ࣮ࣝ᮲⣙‵ᆅ࡬ࡢⓏ㘓࡛ࡣࠊᓥࡸ࿘㎶Ỉᇦࡢ ⎔ቃⓗ࡞㔜せᛶ࡟ࡘࡁᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ホ౯ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿຠᯝࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ௒ᅇྲྀࡾୖࡆ ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ࡛ࡶࠊࣁ࣮ࢻᓥ࣭࣐ࢡࢻࢼࣝࢻㅖᓥ࣭࣐ࢵࢥ࣮࣮ࣜᓥࡀୡ⏺㑇⏘࡟ࠊࣜ ࣮࣍࢘ࣜࣇ㸦Lihou Reef㸧ࡸࢥ࣭ࣜࣥ࢞࣊ࣛࣝࢻ㸦Coringa Herald㸧ㅖᓥࡀ࣒ࣛࢧ࣮ࣝ᮲⣙‵ ᆅ࡟Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ➨஧࡟ࡣࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓỈᇦࡢタᐃ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ➨ 121 ᮲ 3 㡯࡟࠶ࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿせ௳ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃ ࡕࠕேࡢᒃఫࠖཪࡣࠕ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭ⓗ⏕άࠖࢆᰂ㌾࡟ゎ㔘ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ௒ᅇ࠶ ࡆࡓᓥࠎࡣ↓ேࡢᓥࠎ࡛࠶ࡾࠊၟᴗάືࡶάⓎ࡟ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ ࢕࢚ㅖᓥ࡛ࡣ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࡢ⁺Ẹ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚≉ูᥐ⨨ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ኱つᶍ࡞ၟᴗ⁺ᴗࡣ⚗Ṇࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࣂ࣮ࢻ࢛࢘ࢵࢳࣥࢢࡸࢲ࢖ ࣅࣥࢢࡢࢶ࢔࣮ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㢖⦾࡟⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ➨୕࡟ࡣࠊタᐃࡋࡓ EEZ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㞄ᅜ࡜ࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡸ኱㝣Ჴᘏఙ⏦ㄳ࡟ࡼࡾࡑࡢ☜ ಖࢆᅗࡗ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ᮲⣙ἲ᮲⣙➨ 62 ᮲ 2 㡯(a)ࡣቃ⏺⏬ᐃ᮲⣙ࢆ஦᝟ኚ᭦ཎ๎ ࡢ㐺⏝㝖እ࡜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᆅᙧࡀỈἐࡋࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶࠊ┦ᡭᅜࡣ஦᝟ኚ᭦࡜ࡋ࡚᮲⣙ࡢ⤊஢ࢆ ୺ᙇ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ゎ㔘ࡋ࠺ࡿࠋ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺࣥ୧࣮ࣜࣇࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊቃ⏺⏬ᐃࢆ⾜ ࠸࠺ࡿ┦ᡭᅜࡣ࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊ኱㝣Ჴ㝈⏺ጤဨ఍ࡢ່࿌࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁタᐃࡋࡓ኱㝣Ჴࡢ㝈⏺ࡣ᭱⤊ ⓗ࡛ᣊ᮰ຊ࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿࡓࡵ(ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 76 ᮲ 8 㡯)ࠊ୧࣮ࣜࣇࡀỈἐࡍࡿ๓࡟኱ 㝣Ჴࡢ㝈⏺ࡀỴᐃࡉࢀࢀࡤࠊỈἐᚋࡶࡑࡢ㝈⏺ࡀᣊ᮰ຊࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ ᫖ᖺᗘࡢຍࠎ⨾◊✲ဨ࡟ࡼࡿ⡿ᅜ࣭ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢㄪᰝ࡛ࡶୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞ඹ㏻Ⅼࡀᢳฟࡉࢀ ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ௒ᚋἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜࠸࠺㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿୖ࡛ཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ37ࠋ c. ᓥࡢ⿵ᙉࡢ஦౛ (a) Ꮫㄝࡢᩚ⌮  Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢㆤᓊࡣᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯࡟᢬ゐࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊὀព῝ࡃタィࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡢᾏὒⓎᒎᡓ␎◊✲ᡤࡢ◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡿ㈩Ᏹ࡜ᮤ᫂ഔ࡟ࡼࡾࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᢈุ ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ࠕ㸦Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡀ EEZ ࢆᣢࡕᚓ࡞࠸⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸧➨୍࡟ࠊࡇࡢᗄࡘ࠿ࡢᒾ▼ࡣᓥᕋ࡛ࡣ࡞ ࡃࠊே㢮ࡢᒃఫࡲࡓࡣ⤒῭⏕άࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡔࡅࡢఱࡽࡢ᮲௳ࡶഛ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋḟ

㸫㸫 ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࡀ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡀேⅭⓗ࡟ᣑᙇࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ ࠶ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ38ࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊ㏆ᖺࠊ⡿ᅜࡢ◊✲⪅ Leticia Diazࠊ Barry Hart Dubner ཬࡧ Jason Parent ࠿ࡽࠊࢧࣥ ࢦࡸ᭷Ꮝ⹸࡟ࡼࡿἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ෌⏕ィ⏬࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᢈุࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࠕ㸦Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ࠕᓥࠖࡢᆅ఩ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠕ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭ⓗ⏕άࠖࡢ඘㊊ࢆᅗࡿ௨እ࡟㸧 ᪥ᮏࡀ⾜࠾࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣࡼࡾ㔝ᚰⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᅵተࢆ ᚎࠎ࡟ᣑ኱ࡉࡏࠊேࡢᖖ᫬ᒃఫࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࠋᙼࡽࡣఱࢺࣥࡶࡢ◁ࢆ⏕ ⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠕᓥࠖࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜຺㐪࠸ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡦ࡜ࡘࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࠕఱⓒ ࡶࡢ✰ࡢ㛤࠸ࡓࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ〇ࡢࠗⰼቭ࠘ࢆỿࡵࠊࢧࣥࢦࡢᗂ⏕ࢆಖㆤࡍࡿࠖࡇ࡜࡛ࢧࣥ ࢦࡢᡂ㛗ࢆຍ㏿ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜(Ἴࡀࢧࣥࢦࢆ○࠸࡚◁࡟ࡍࡿ) ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚ ࡣࠊ᭷Ꮝ⹸㸦ᅛ࠸Ẇ࡟そࢃࢀࡓࠊṚᚋయࡀ◁࡟࡞ࡿᚤ⏕≀㸧ࢆ኱㔞࡟ሁ✚ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ᭷Ꮝ⹸ࡣ᳜≀࡟㞟ࡲࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏࡣ⎔♋ࡢᗋ࡟ேᕤⰪࢆ୪࡭ࡿィ⏬ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ㉁ ⓗ࡟ࠊᙼࡽࡀィ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠊேᕤᓥࢆసࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1982 ᖺࡢᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ ࡛ࡣࠊேᕤᓥࡣ⊂⮬ࡢᾏᇦࢆᣢࡕᚓ࡞࠸ࠋྠ᮲⣙ࡣ᫂♧ⓗ࡟ࡑࢀࢆ᤼㝖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ 39

ࡇࢀࡽࡢᢈุ࡛ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢㆤᓊᕤ஦ࡸ෌⏕ィ⏬ࡀᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢࠕ⮬ ↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺せ௳࡟᢬ゐࡋࠊྠᓥࡢᆅ఩ࢆேᕤᓥ㸦ྠ᮲⣙➨ 60 ᮲㸧࡟ኚ᭦ࡉࡏ ࡿ࡜ࡲ࡛ࡣ᫂☜࡟ࡣ㏙࡭࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᢈุ࡛ࡣᓥࡢ⿵ᙉ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢඛ⾜◊ ✲➼ࢆㄽࡌࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࠊᏳ᫆࡟ࠕேᕤᓥࠖ࡜࠸࠺⏝ㄒࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᢈุ࡟ᑐ ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢព࿡ࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ௒୍ᗘ᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃ ࢀࡿࠋ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 60 ᮲࡛ࡣࠊἢᓊᅜࡣ EEZ ࡟࠾࠸࡚ேᕤᓥࢆᘓタࡍࡿᶒ฼ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡀࠊ ேᕤᓥࡣᓥࡢᆅ఩ࢆ᭷ࡏࡎࠊࡑࢀ⮬యࡢ㡿ᾏࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸࡜つᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢつ ᐃ࡟ࡣࠕேᕤᓥࠖࡢᐃ⩏ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࠕேᕤᓥࠖ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯࡟࠶ࡿᓥࡢせ௳ࡢ࠺ ࡕࠊࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾ࡛㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡣ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨ 10 ᮲ 1 㡯ࢆᘬࡁ⥅ࡄつᐃ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨ 10 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡣࠊேᕤᓥࡢᘓタ࡟ࡼࡾἢᓊᅜࡀỈᇦ ࢆᣑ኱ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᠱᛕࡋࠊ㺀ᓥ㺁࠿ࡽேᕤᓥࢆ᤼㝖ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟࡞ࡉࢀࡓ⡿ᅜࡢᥦ᱌ࡀ᥇⏝ࡉ ࢀࡓつᐃࡔ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ40ࠋ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᩥゝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᚑ᮶Ꮫㄝ࡛ ࡣ࠾࠾ࡲ࠿࡟㸱ࡘࡢᩥ⬦࡛ㄽࡌࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ➨୍࡟ࡣᓥࡢᙧᡂࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ➨஧࡟ ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾ࠶ࡿᓥࡢಖ඲㸦conservation㸧ࠊ➨୕࡟ࡣᓥࡢᣑᙇ(extension)࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ➨୍ࡢᓥࡢᙧᡂࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕᓥࡢᙧᡂᡭẁཬࡧᓥࡢᵓᡂ≀࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ๓ᖺᗘሗ࿌᭩ࡢᯘㄽ ᩥ࡟ヲࡋ࠸ࡓࡵࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ┬␎ࡍࡿ41ࠋ

㸫㸫 ➨஧ࡢᓥࡢಖ඲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ1997 ᖺࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ᾏᓊ౵㣗࡟ᑐᢠࡍࡿᕤ஦ࡀ⾜ࢃ ࢀࡓࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ㸦ᚋ㏙㸧࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄽᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊBin Bin Jia ࡀḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡣࠊࡑࡢᏑ⥆ࢆ⥆ࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟ேᕤᵓ⠏≀࡛จᅛࡉࡏࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ ࡇࡢจᅛࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿ࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࠊྠᓥࡀ⮬↛ࡢᓥ࡛ ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸ ࠺␲ၥࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠋ… ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡀேࡢᡭࡢ௓ධ࡜ேᕤᵓ⠏≀࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣᏑᅾ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀ ࡤࠊࡶࡣࡸ⮬↛ࡢᓥ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠊேᕤᓥ࡟࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡢእ⦕࠿ࡽ 500m ௨ୖࡢᾏᇦࡀࡶ࡚࡞ࡃ࡞ ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠖ42 Bin Bin Jia ࡣࡇࡢ⤖ㄽࢆᑟࡃࡢ࡟ඛ⾜◊✲ࢆཧ↷ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓၥ㢟ࡣࡍ࡛࡟ 70 ᖺ௦࠿ࡽ㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ౛࠼ࡤ Clive Symmons ࡜ Nikos Papadakis ࡣ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙ 10 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࠖ ࡢゎ㔘ࢆḟࡢ㏻ࡾ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋSymmons ࡣ 1979 ᖺࡢⴭ᭩࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⮬↛ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆຍ㏿ ࡉࡏࡿࡼ࠺࡞᪉ἲ࡛㒊ศⓗ࡟ேࡢᡭࡀ௓ධࡋࡓᮎ࡟࡛ࡁࡓᆅᙧ࡜୪ࡧࠊᾐ㣗ࡢ༴ᶵ࡟࠶ࡿ ⮬↛ᆅᙧ࡟ேࡀಖㆤᥐ⨨ࢆ᪋ࡋࡓሙྜࡶࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࠖࢆ‶ࡓࡍ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ43ࠋࡑࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜ ࡋ࡚ᙼࡣ 1930 ᖺ௦ࡢࢪࢹࣝࡢᏛㄝ࡜㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨ 10 ᮲ࠊ๓㏙ࡢ⡿ᅜᥦ᱌ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ ࢹࣝࡢᏛㄝࡣ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙ࡢసᡂ௨๓ࠊேᕤᓥࡸⅉྎᓥ➼ࡢᵓ⠏≀ࡀᘓタࡉࢀࡓప₻㧗ᆅࡀ⊂ ⮬ࡢ㡿ᾏࡀᣢ࡚ࡿࠕᓥࠖ࡟ໟྵࡉࢀࡿ࠿தࢃࢀࡓ᫬௦ࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕᓥࠖࡢᆅ఩ࡣࡑࡢୖ ࡟ᘓタࡉࢀࡓᵓ⠏≀࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⮬↛ࡢᆅᙧ࡟ࡼࡾỴᐃࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ Ꮫㄝࡣࠊࠕᓥࠖ࠿ࡽேᕤᓥ(ཬࡧⅉྎࡢᘓタࡉࢀࡓప₻㧗ᆅ)ࢆ᤼㝖ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ἢᓊᅜ࡟ࡼࡿ ᜛ពⓗ࡞ᾏᇦᣑ኱ࢆ㜵ࡄࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙ࡢ㉳ⲡ᫬࡟࡞ࡉࢀࡓ⡿ᅜᥦ᱌ࡣྠᵝࡢព ᅗࢆᣢࡕࠊ⡿ᅜᥦ᱌ࡢ᥇⏝࡟ࡼࡾࢪࢹࣝࡢᏛㄝࡢṇᙜᛶࡀド᫂ࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ44ࠋᙼࡣ 1993 ᖺࡢㄽᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᥐ⨨ࡀ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ஦౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ 㸦ᚋ㏙㸧ࠊ࣑ࢿࣝࣂ࣮ࣜࣇ㸦๓ᖺᗘሗ࿌᭩ᯘㄽᩥཧ↷㸧ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ45ࠋ Papadakis ࡣࠊᾏᓊᾐ㣗ࢆཷࡅࡿᓥࢆᅵሠ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ಖㆤࡋࠊᖖ᫬ᾏ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ಖ ࡋࡓሙྜࡣࠊᾏ࡟ᵓ⠏≀ࡀᘓタࡉࢀࡓ⤖ᯝᾏὶࡀኚ໬ࡋ࡚ᅵ◁ࡢ㞟✚ࡀຍ㏿ࡉࢀᓥࡀᙧᡂ ࡉࢀࡓሙྜ➼࡜࡞ࡽࡧࠊᙜヱᓥࡀேᕤᓥ࠿ྰ࠿ุ᩿ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ ࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜࡢࠕᓥࠖࡢุ᩿ᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ Myres S. McDougal ࡜ William T. Burke ࡢᥦ♧ࡍࡿ ࠕྜ⌮ⓗᇶ‽㸦criteria of reasonableness㸧ࠖ࡜ᘓタࡢ┠ⓗࡀࠕᐇ㝿ⓗ┠ⓗ㸦for practical use㸧ࠖ ࡟ྜ⮴ࡍࡿ࠿ุ࡛᩿ࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋPapadakis ࡣࡇࡢᇶ‽ࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࠕᓥࠖ ࡢᆅ఩ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᅜᐙࡀ༢⣧࡟ప₻㧗ᆅࢆᇙࡵ❧࡚ࡿࡇ࡜࡛᜛ពⓗ࡟ᾏ ᇦࡢᣑ኱ࢆᅗࡿሙྜࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚࠾ࡾࠊṇᙜ࡞⌮⏤ࡸᐇ㝿ⓗ┠ⓗ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡅࡤᓥࡢ⿵ᙉࡣㄆࡵࡽ ࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ46ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࠕྜ⌮ⓗᇶ‽ࠖ࡜ࡣࠊMcDougal ࡜ Burke ࡢⴭస(1962)࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊ ࠕࡑࡢᆅᙧࡀᐇ㝿ⓗ┠ⓗ࡛సࡽࢀࡓࡢ࠿ࠊἢᓊ♫఍ࡢ฼┈㸦Local interest㸧࡟ᇶ࡙࠿ࡎ࡟༢ ࡟㡿ᾏࡸෆỈࢆᣑᙇࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛సᡂࡉࢀࡓࡢ࠿ุ࡛᩿ࠖࡉࢀࠊࠕᆅᙧࡢᙧᡂࡀ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟ἢᓊ ♫఍ࡢᙺ࡟❧ࡘࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ㝈⏺☜ᐃࡢᇶⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡶබ┈࡟㈨ࡍࡿࠖࡢ࡛࠶ ࡿ47ࠋ

㸫㸫 ࡲࡓࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢゎ㔘࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊAlfref H. Soons ࡣ 1990 ᖺࡢㄽᩥ࡟࠾ ࠸࡚ࠊᾏᓊ⥺ࡢ⿵ᙉ࡜୪ࢇ࡛ᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡿࠕᓥࠖ࠿ࡽࠕᒾࠖ࡬ࡢᆅ఩ࡢ㌿ⴠࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿ ┠ⓗ࡛ࡢᓥࡢ⿵ᙉࡣチᐜࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ48ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᙼࡣࡇࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᾏᇦ ࡢಖ඲ࡣ㝣ᇦࡢಖ඲࡜ྠᵝࡢṇ⤫ᛶ㸦Legitimacy㸧ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ࠶ࡆࠊ౛࡜ࡋ࡚Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ ࡜ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢᕤ஦ࢆ࠶ࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋSoons ࡣྠᖺࡢ Kwiatkowska ࡜ࡢඹྠㄽᩥ࡟࠾࠸ ࡚ࡶࠊⅉྎࡢᘓタࡣᆅᙧࡢᆅ఩ࢆኚ᭦ࡉࡏ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿࢪࢹࣝࡢᏛㄝࡸࠊSymmons ཬࡧ Papadakis ࡢᏛㄝࢆᘬ⏝ࡋࠊᓥ(ᒾ㸧ࢆேᕤⓗ࡟⿵ᙉࡋࡓᆅᙧ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝࡢᆅᙧ ࡢἲⓗᆅ఩ࡀඃඛࡋࠊ⮬↛ࡢᓥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᆅ఩ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜ࡢぢゎ࡟❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ49ࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᪤࡟ᾏ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿᓥࢆእ㒊ⓗ࡞せ⣲࠿ࡽಖㆤࡍࡿ⾜Ⅽ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣチᐜࡉࢀ ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿᏛㄝࡣከ࠸ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᓥ(ᒾ)ࢆࠕᣑᙇࠖࡍࡿሙྜ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ⪅ࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࠋ Soons ࡜ Kwiatkowska ࡣேᕤⓗ࡟ࠕᒾࠖࢆࠕᓥࠖ࡟ࡍࡿᣑᙇࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࠿࠿ࡿ ᕤ஦ࡣࠕᓥࠖཪࡣࠕᒾࠖࡢᆅ఩ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡟ࡣᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡎࠊᾏᇦࡣᮏ᮶ࡢᆅᙧ࡟ࡼࡾỴᐃ ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ༢࡟ᾏᇦࢆᣑᙇࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊMcDougal ࡜ Burke ࡟ࡼࡿ ࠕྜ⌮ⓗᇶ‽ࠖ࡜ࠕᐇ㝿ⓗ┠ⓗࠖ࡟ྜ⮴ࡍࡿ┠ⓗࢆ᭷ࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᣑᙇᕤ஦ࡣ チᐜࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙼࡽࡣᙜ᫬⣮தࡢᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࣟࢵࢥ࣮ࣝᓥࢆࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟࡜ ࡾࠊࡶࡋࣟࢵࢥ࣮ࣝᓥࡀ▼Ἔ㈨※㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊேᕤⓗ࡟ᣑᙇࡉࢀࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࡢ ᣑᙇࡣチᐜࡉࢀྠᓥࡣࠕᒾࠖ࡜ぢ࡞ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆචࢀࠕᓥࠖࡢᆅ఩ࢆᚓࡿࡀࠊ≉ᐃࡢ┠ⓗ ࡶ࡞ࡃ༢࡞ࡿ㑊㞴ᡤࢆᘓタࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ሙྜࡣࠕᐇ㝿ⓗ┠ⓗࠖ࡟Ḟࡅࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᕤ஦ࡣྠᓥ ࢆࠕᓥࠖ࡜ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ຠᯝࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ50ࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࢆࠕ㡿ᾏࢆᣢࡘ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓᓥࢆᅖ࠸㎸ࡳࠊ⵹ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேᕤᓥࠖ ࡜ࡳ࡞ࡍ Silverstein ࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢㆤᓊࡀࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓᓥࠖࡢᛶ㉁ࢆཷࡅ⥅ࡄேᕤᓥ࡟ ࡞ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᓥ࡛ࡣ㡿ᾏࢆᣢࡕ࠺ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ51ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࡇࡢゝㄝ࡟ࡘ ࠸࡚ࡣ᰿ᣐࡣ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ୖグࡢ㆟ㄽࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶࠊᏛㄝୖࡣ⌧ᅾᾏ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᾏ㠃ୖ᪼➼ ࠿ࡽಖㆤࡍࡿᥐ⨨ࡣᾏὒἲୖチᐜࡉࢀࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

(b) ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢᴫせ ᾏὒቃ⏺࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄽᩥ࡟ࠊࡋࡤࡋࡤἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜୪ࢇ࡛ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀࠊ࢔࢖ࢫ ࣛࣥࢻࡢࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠᓥࡣᮏᅵ࠿ࡽ㞳ࢀࡓᑠࡉ࡞↓ேᓥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᾏᓊᾐ㣗 ࡟ࡼࡿᓥࡢỈἐࡢ༴ᶵ࡟࠶ࡾࠊᨻᗓ࡟ࡼࡾỈἐ㜵Ṇࡢࡓࡵࡢᕤ஦ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛Ἀ ࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜㢮ఝᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࢖. ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢᇶ♏ࢹ࣮ࢱ52 ఩⨨㸸࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻᮏᅵ࠿ࡽ 105kmࠊ᭱ᐤࡾࡢᓥ(Grimsey ᓥ)࠿ࡽ 75km 㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ    ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡢ᭱໭➃ࠋ    ࢢ࣮ࣜࣥࣛࣥࢻ㸦ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ㡿㸧࠿ࡽࡣ 400 ᾏ㔛௨ෆ

㸫㸫 ኱ࡁࡉ㸸Ⓨぢ᫬(1616 ᖺ)࡟ࡣ༡໭ 700mࠊᮾす 100m ࡢᓥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᾏᓊᾐ㣗ࡀ⃭ࡋࡃࠊ 2001 ᖺ࡟ࡣ஧ࡘࡢୣ㸦㧗ࡉࡣ 3.5m ࡜ 2m㸧ࢆᣢࡘࡦࡻ࠺ࡓࢇᙧࡢᑠᓥ㸦90 ੍㸧࡜ ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡲࡲᾏᓊᾐ㣗ࡀ㐍ࡵࡤࠊ2020 ᖺࡲ࡛࡟Ỉἐࡍࡿ࡜ண ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋ ேࡢᒃఫ㸸ேࡢᒃఫṔ࡞ࡋ ⤒῭άື㸸࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚⁺ᴗάື㸦࢝࣌ࣜࣥ㸧ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋ ⿵ᙉᕤ஦ࡢᴫせ㸸ྠᓥࡣᾏᓊᾐ㣗ࡀ⃭ࡋ࠸ࠋ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻᨻᗓࡣྠᓥࡢศ⿣ࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ 1989 ᖺ࡟ࢥࣥࢡ࣮ࣜࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ࣏࣮࣊ࣜࢺࢆᘓタࡋࠊᓥࢆ⿵ᙉࡋࡓࠋ ࡓࡔࡋࠊ2006 ᖺ࡟ࡣᾏᓊᾐ㣗ࡢ㐍⾜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࣏࣮࣊ࣜࢺ⮬యࡀ◚ቯࡉࢀࠊ ⌧ᅾྠᓥࡣ஧ࡘ࡟ศ⿣ࡋࡓ53ࠋ

ࣟ. ྠᓥࡢᅜෆἲⓗᆅ఩ཬࡧ௚ᅜ࡟ࡼࡿᢠ㆟ (࢖) ྠᓥࡢ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻἲୖࡢᆅ఩ ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡣ The Regulations Concerning the Fishery Limits off Iceland (௨ୗ 1975 ᖺ࢔࢖ࢫ ࣛࣥࢻ⁺ᴗỈᇦつ๎)ࡢ➨ 1 ᮲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࢆ᤼௚ⓗ⁺ᴗỈᇦࡢᇶⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ54ࠋ1979 ᖺ࡟ࡣ Law No. 41 of1 June 1979 concerning the Terrirorial Sea, the Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf(௨ୗ 1979 ᖺ㡿ᾏ࣭EZ࣭኱㝣Ჴἲ)ࡢ➨ 1 ᮲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢప₻⥺ࢆ㡿ᾏᇶ⥺࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡋࠊ➨ 7 ᮲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㡿ᾏᇶ⥺࠿ࡽ 200 ᾏ㔛ࡲ࡛ ࢆ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡢ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴ࡜ᐃࡵࡓ㸦ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ࡜ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀ 400 ᾏ㔛௨ୗࡢሙྜ࡟ ࡣ୰㛫⥺ࢆࡶࡗ࡚ቃ⏺࡜ࡍࡿ㸧55ࠋ

(ࣟ) ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ࡬ࡢࠕᓥࠖࡢᆅ఩࡬ࡢ௚ᅜ࠿ࡽࡢᢠ㆟ ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡣ࣐ࣖࣥ࢖࢚ࣥᓥ㸦ࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘㡿㸧࡜ࢢ࣮ࣜࣥࣛࣥࢻ㸦ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ㡿㸧 ࠿ࡽ 400 ᾏ㔛௨ෆࡢ㊥㞳࡟࠶ࡾࠊ୧ᅜࡣྠᓥࡢᆅ఩ࢆࠕᒾ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ ࡋࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘ཬࡧࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ࡜ࡶྠᓥࡢ⿵ᙉᕤ஦⮬య࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ≉ẁࡢᢠ㆟ࢆࡋ࡚࠸࡞ ࠸ࠋ ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ ᓥࡢᆅ఩࡟ࡼࡾ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࡢࡣࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࢆᣳࢇ ࡛࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࡜ྥ࠿࠸ྜ࠺ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ㸦ࢢ࣮ࣜࣥࣛࣥࢻ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠᅜࡣ 1975 ᖺ࢔࢖ࢫ ࣛࣥࢻ⁺ᴗỈᇦつ๎ཬࡧ 1979 ᖺ㡿ᾏ࣭EZ࣭኱㝣Ჴἲ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ᫂♧ࡢᢠ㆟ࡣࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸56ࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ1976 ᖺࡢ Executive Order No. 629 of 22 December 1976: The Fishing Territory of Greenland ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢຠᯝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚␃ಖࢆ௜ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛⁺ᴗỈᇦࢆ タᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ57ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ1989 ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ྖἲ⿢ุᡤࡢࢢ࣮ࣜࣥࣛࣥࢻ㸦ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ㸧㸻 ࣐ࣖࣥ࢖࢚ࣥᓥ㸦ࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘㸧㛫ቃ⏺⏬ᐃ஦௳(௨ୗ ICJ ࣐ࣖࣥ࢖࢚ࣥ஦௳)ࡢ⏦㏙᭩࡟࠾࠸ ࡚ࠊࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡣྠᓥࢆࠕ㺃㺃㺃㺃࡟ᑠࡉ࡞ᒾࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ ࡣ኱ࡁ ࡉࡣࢃࡎ࠿ᩘⓒᖹ᪉࣓࣮ࢺࣝࠊ㧗ࡉࡣ᭱㧗࡛ࡶ 6 ࣓࣮ࢺ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࠊྠ஦௳ࡢಀத Ỉᇦࡢタᐃ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ࿘㎶ 200 ᾏ㔛⁺ᴗỈᇦࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟せㄳࡋ࡚

㸫㸫 ࠸ࡿ58ࠋ1993 ᖺࡢཱྀ㢌ᘚㄽ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡣྠᓥࡀᒾ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡋࡓ59ࠋ ୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡢ୺ᙇࡣࠊࡑࡢ᰿ᣐࢆྠᓥࡢ኱ࡁࡉ ࡟ᇶ♏௜ࡅࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊྠᓥࡢᕤ஦⮬య࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ≉ẁゝཬࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘ࡣ 1975 ᖺ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ⁺ᴗỈᇦつ๎࡟ࡓ࠸ࡋࠊ200 ᾏ㔛᤼௚ⓗ⁺ᴗỈᇦࡢタ ᐃ࡟ᢠ㆟ࡋࡓ60ࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘ࡣ 1981 ᖺࡢ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ㸻࣐ࣖࣥ࢖࢚ࣥᓥ㸦ࣀࣝ࢘ ࢙࣮㸧኱㝣Ჴቃ⏺⏬ᐃ᮲⣙࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘ࡣࠊ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࡜࣐ࣖࣥ࢖࢚ࣥᓥࡢ㛫 ࡢᾏᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࡟ 200 ᾏ㔛ࡢ EEZ ࢆࠊࡑࡢᇶⅬ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ゝཬࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ ࡃㄆࡵࡓ61ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ1991 ᖺ࡟ࡣୖ㏙ࡋࡓ ICJ ࣐ࣖࣥ࢖࢚ࣥ஦௳ࡢ෌ᢠᘚ᭩࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊྠᓥ ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࢆၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕᒾࠖ࡜୺ᙇࡍࡿࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘࡜࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡢ㛫࡛ࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘ࡀࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࢆᇶⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆࡵ ࡓ࡜࠸࠺≉ẁࡢྜពࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘࡟ࡼࡿබᘧࡢ୍᪉ⓗ ࡞ỴᐃࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘࡜࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ㛫ࡢ㛵㐃ࡍࡿྜពࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ ၀ࡍࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ≉ẁࡢྜពࡸࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘࡟ࡼࡿ≉ẁࡢኌ᫂ࡢ࡞࠸㝈ࡾࠊᙜ஦⪅㛫(➹⪅ ὀ㸸ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ࡜ࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘)ࡢ EEZ ࡜኱㝣Ჴࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡣ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡀᅜ㝿ἲ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ ᐃࡵࡿᇶ⥺ࡸᇶⅬࢆᇶ♏࡟࠾࠸࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜ࠋࠖ62 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘ࡶࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࢆࠕᓥࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚᫂♧࡟ㄆࡵ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ ㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࡀࠊྠᓥࡢᕤ஦࡟㛵ࡋ࡚≉࡟ゝཬࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࡑࡢᚋࠊ1997 ᖺ࡟ࡣࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ㸻࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ㛫࡛ EEZ࣭኱㝣Ჴቃ⏺⏬ᐃ༠ᐃࡀ⥾⤖ࡉ ࢀࡓࠋྠ༠ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ࡟㏆࠸᭷ேᓥ㸦Grimsey ᓥ㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ᏶඲࡞ຠᯝࡀ ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶ 30㸣ࡢຠᯝࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡣᆅᙧ௨ እࡢㅖせ⣲㸦ᨻ἞ⓗ࣭⤒῭ⓗ㓄៖➼㸧ࡶ㛵㐃ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᮏ༠ᐃࢆࡶࡗ࡚ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡀྠᓥ ࡢࠕᓥࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᆅ఩ࢆ㯲ㄆࡋࡓ࡜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ࠸࠼࡞࠸63ࠋ≉࡟ࠊᮏ༠ᐃࡣ 1996 ᖺ࡟ࢥࣝ ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ㏆ᾏ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⁺ᴗ㈨※ࢆᕠࡿ⣮தࢆዎᶵ࡜ࡋ࡚஺΅ࡉࢀࠊ⩣ᖺࡢ⁺ᴗࢩ࣮ ࢬࣥࡢ๓࡟⥾⤖ࡉࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠺஦᝟ࡀ࠶ࡿ64ࠋࡲࡓࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢᆅ఩࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࢹ࣐ࣥ ࣮ࢡ࡜࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ㛫࡛ࡢྜពࡢᙧᡂࡣグ㘓ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ༠ᐃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿྠᓥࡢᢅ࠸ࠕᓥ ࡛ࡶᒾ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࠖᆅᙧࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ65ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊྠᓥࡀ 30㸣ࡶࡢຠᯝࢆ୚࠼ ࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶྠᓥࡀࠕேᕤᓥࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᢅ࠸ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ࣁ. ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢ஦౛ࡢ᳨ウ ྠᓥࡢᆅ఩࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㞄ᅜࡼࡾࠕᓥ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠕᒾ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢ୺ᙇࡣ࠶ࡗࡓࡀ 1989 ᖺࡢᕤ஦ࡢᚋ࡟ࠊࡑࡢᕤ஦ࢆ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ᆅ఩ࡀࠕேᕤᓥࠖ࡬ኚ໬ࡋࡓ࡜ࡢ୺ᙇࡣ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠾ࡽࡎࠊቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࠕேᕤᓥࠖ௨ୖ࡟ᢅࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ ࡣࠊࡑࡢ⿵ᙉᕤ஦ࡀ Bin Bin Jia ࡀ༴᝹ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ྠᓥࡢᆅ఩ࡀࠕேᕤᓥࠖ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿ࡜ㄆ ㆑ࡉࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊSymmons ࡽࡀᣦ᦬ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ121 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢࠕ⮬↛ࡢᙧᡂࠖ࡜࠸࠺

㸫㸫 せ௳࡟᢬ゐࡋ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ᭱ᑠ㝈ゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢ஦౛ࡣࠊࠕ⿵ᙉᕤ஦ࡣᆅᙧࡢᆅ఩ࢆࠗேᕤᓥ࠘࡟ኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜࡢᅜ㝿 ἲࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺௬ㄝ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ཯ド࡟࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ☜࠿࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶࠊࡇࡢ஦౛ࡢࡳࢆࡶࡗ࡚ࠊࠕ⿵ᙉᕤ஦ࡣᆅᙧࡢᆅ఩ࢆࠗேᕤᓥ࠘࡟ኚ໬ࡉࡏ࡞࠸ࠖ ࡜࠸࠺ෆᐜࡢᅜ㝿ἲࡀ☜❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ ࡢ஦౛࡛ࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟௚ᅜ࠿ࡽࡢ㯲ㄆࡀ᥎ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊୡ⏺࡟ࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ௚ࠊ ࢫࣉࣛࢺ࣮ࣜㅖᓥ࡛㡿᭷ᶒࢆதࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᓥࠎ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡋࡤࡋࡤ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞⿵ ᙉ࣭ᣑᙇᕤ஦࡞࡝ࡢ஦౛࡞࡝ࠊ⣮தࡀゎỴࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸஦౛ࡀᩘከࡃ࠶ࡾࠊㆤᓊᕤ஦ࡸᣑ ᙇᕤ஦ࠊᓥࡢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶゝ࠸㞴࠸ ≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ௒ᚋࠊᾏ㠃ୖ᪼ࡀ㐍ᒎࡍࡿ࡟ࡘࢀࠊಀதỈᇦ࡞࡝ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࠊỈἐ࠿ࡽᓥࢆಖ඲ࡍࡿࡓࡵ ࡢᥐ⨨ࡀୡ⏺ྛᆅ࡛࡜ࡽࢀࡿ࡜ண ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ஦ែ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊ121 ᮲ 1 㡯 ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡼࡾ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺㆟ㄽࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

㸫㸫  ᅗ ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢ఩⨨ ฟ඾-RQDWKDQ,Charney and Robert W. Smith eds. International Maritime Boundaries.vol.IV. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. (2002). p.2950

 ᅗ 4: ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢኚ໬ ฟ඾:Kristján Sæmundsson and Árni Hjartarson.,”Geology and Erosion of Kolbeinsey, North of Iceland.” In: Proceedings of the Hornafjörlur International Costal Symposium. Ed. Gísli Viggóson. Reykjavík 1994, 443-451. http://www.os.is/~ah/ Kolbeinsey/kolb_ensk.html

㸫㸫 ෗┿ ᕤ஦๓ࡢࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ  ᖺ ฟ඾:Kristján Sæmundsson and Árni Hjartarson .id.

  ෗┿ 6: ᕤ஦ᚋࡢࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ 1990 ᖺ ฟ඾㸸Árni Hjartarson."Ferð Hvanndalabræðra til Kolbeinsey jar". Náttúrufræðingurinn vol.73(2005).p.31 http://skipperinn.blogcentral.is/sida/2077491/

㸫㸫 



෗┿ 6(ୖ):7(ୗ) ࣏࣮࣊ࣜࢺᔂቯᚋࡢࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ 2006 ᖺ ฟ඾: ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻἢᓊ㆙ഛ㝲(᧜ᙳ Páll Geirdal Ặ) http://www.lhg.is/starfsemi/stjornsyslusvid/frettir/nr/212

d. ྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡲ࡜ࡵ ௨ୖࠊ㇦ᕞ࡟ࡼࡿ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡜ࠊ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࡟ࡼࡿᓥࡢಖ඲ࡢᐇ⾜ࢆ᳨ウࡋ ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᐇ⾜࠿ࡽࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢ᥎ㄽࡀᑟࡁ࠺ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ᓥࡢ⿵ᙉᕤ஦ࡸ෌⏕ィ⏬࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢṇᙜᛶࢆ୺ᙇ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ࠺ࡿ ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶ☜ᐃⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ௚ࡢㅖᅜࡢᐇ ⾜ࡸࠊ௒ᚋࡢ㐍ᒎࢆ௒ᚋ༑ศ࡟᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ๓ᖺᗘࡲ࡛࡟ㄪᰝࡋࡓ⡿ᅜ࣭ࣇࣛࣥࢫ➼࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ㇦ᕞ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㐲㝸㞳ᓥ࡟ࡓ ࠸ࡋࠊ༢࡟ EEZ ࢆタᐃࡋࠊỈᇦࡸ㈨※ࢆᅖ࠸㎸ࡴࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊヲ⣽࡞⟶⌮ィ⏬ࢆసᡂࡋࠊ

㸫㸫 ࢥ࣮ࢫࢺ࢛࢘ࢵࢳ➼࡜㐃ᦠࡋ࡚ࡑࡢᒚ⾜☜ಖࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㈨※⟶⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㐃ᾏ ὒἲ᮲⣙➼ࡢ⩏ົࢆᒚ⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣒ࣛࢧ࣮ࣝ᮲⣙➼ᅜ㝿⎔ቃ᮲⣙ ࡬ࡢⓏ㘓ࡸ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡛ࡢ᝟ሗබ㛤ࡢᩚഛ࡞࡝ࠊ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ౯್ࡢᅜෆ࣭ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞࿘ ▱ࢆࡣ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࡶ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᾏὒᇶᮏἲࡣ➨ 1 ᮲࡟ࠕᾏὒἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿㐃ྜ᮲⣙ࡑࡢ௚ࡢᅜ㝿⣙᮰࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊᾏὒ ࡢᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨཬࡧ฼⏝ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ྲྀ⤌ࡢ୰࡛ࠊᡃࡀᅜࡀᅜ㝿ⓗ༠ㄪࡢ ୗ࡟ࠊᾏὒࡢᖹ࿴ⓗ࠿ࡘ✚ᴟⓗ࡞㛤Ⓨཬࡧ฼⏝࡜ᾏὒ⎔ቃࡢಖ඲࡜ࡢㄪ࿴ࢆᅗࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞ᾏ ὒ❧ᅜࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ㅻ࠸ࠊ➨ 26 ᮲࡟㞳ᓥࡢಖ඲ࠊ➨ 27 ᮲࡟ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ 㐃ᦠࡢ☜ಖཬࡧᅜ㝿༠ຊࡢ᥎㐍ࢆつᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋἈࣀ㫽ᓥࢆᾏὒᇶᮏἲ࡟ἢࡗࡓᙧ࡛⟶⌮ ࡍࡿⅭ࡟ࡣࠊ௚ࡢඛ㐍ᾏὒᅜࡢᐇຠⓗ࡞ᾏὒ⎔ቃ⟶⌮ࡀཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

1 ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࠖ http://www.keihin.ktr.mlit.go.jp/okinotori_island/ 㸦accessed 2008/03/13㸧 2 Leticia Diaz, Barry Hart Dubner, and Jason Parent., “When is a "Rock" an "Island"?: Another Unilateral Declaration Defies "Norms" of International Law “. 15 Michigan State Journal of International Law, (2007),pp.547-548. 3 ᯘྖᐉࠕᓥ࣭ᒾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᅜ㝿ἲไᗘࠖࠗᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘἈࣀ㫽ᓥ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌ ᭩࠘(2007)ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋࠊ17 㡫ࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨ 121 ᮲ࡢゎ㔘ཬࡧ஦౛࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ ᯘㄽᩥཬࡧຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪࠕ➨㸲❶ ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢゐ፹࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ ➨ 121 ᮲ 3 㡯㸸Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ෌⏕࡬ࡢ୍ヨㄽࠖࠗᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘἈࣀ㫽ᓥ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩࠘ 㸦2006㸧ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ࡟ヲࡋ࠸ࠋ 4 ຍࠎ⨾(2006)ࠊ112-113 㡫ࠋ 5 SSL Act 1973 ཬࡧྠἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦタᐃࡢᕸ࿌㸦Proclamation of 26 July 1994, under section 10B Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973 and section 4 of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901㸧ࡣᅜ㐃ᾏ஦ᾏὒἲㄢࡢᾏὒ㛵㐃ἲつ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜูࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫ㸦Maritime Space: Maritime Zones and Maritime Delimitation㸧ࡼࡾධᡭྍ⬟ࠋ http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/STATEFILES/AUS.htm (accessed 2008/03/13) 6 ㇦ᕞࡢ EEZ タᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿゎㄝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊVictor Prescott, “Current Legal Developments Australia” 10 International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law (1995), pp.95-105. 7 Geoscience Australia, “Australia’s Ocean and Seas” http://www.ga.gov.au/education/facts/dimensions/oceans.jsp (accessed 2008/03/13) 8༳༡᭸ᾈ࣭ຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪࠕ➨1❶ ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ࠖࠗᖹᡂ18ᖺᗘ ྛᅜཬࡧᅜ㝿♫఍ࡢᾏὒ ᨻ⟇ࡢືྥ࠘(2007)ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋࠊ9㡫ࠋ 9 Commonwealth of Australia, Australia’s Ocean Policy: Caring, Understanding, and Using Wisely, (1998), p.9. http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/oceans-policy/publications/pubs/policyv1.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 10 Id.pp.23-24. 11 ㇦ᕞࡢᾏὒᨻ⟇࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊὀ 9 ࡟࠶ࡆࡓ༳༡࣭ຍࠎ⨾ㄽᩥཧ↷ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㇦ᕞࡢᾏὒಖ ㆤ༊࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪࠕᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢᐇ᪋࡜ᾏὒಖㆤ༊ࡢⓎᒎ㸫᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉ ᇦ࡟タᐃࡉࢀࡿಖㆤ༊࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚࡚ࠖࠗᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲࠘➨ 1 ྕ(2005)ࠊᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ ࡟ヲࡋ࠸ࠋ 12 ຍࠎ⨾(2005)ࠊ167-169 㡫ࠋ 13Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and Arts, Commonwealth Marime Protected Area Estate. http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/commonwealth/manage/index.html (accessed 2008/03/13)

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14 ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔࣭࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ㅖᓥࡢᾏὒಖㆤ༊࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㇦ᕞ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ࡢ ࢧ࢖ࢺ࡟ヲࡋ࠸ࠋ࢔ࢩࣗࣔ࢔ᓥ: http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/ashmore/index.html (accessed 2008/03/13) ࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࢚ᓥ: http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/cartier/index.html (accessed 2008/03/13) 15 Geoscience Australia, http://www.ga.gov.au/education/facts/dimensions/externalterr/ashmore.htm l (accessed 2008/03/13) 16 Commonwealth of Australia Gazette No.S189, 26 September 1979. 17 Victor. Prescott,” Report Number 6-2(4) Australia- Indonesia (Fisheries)”, in Jonathan I. Charney and Lewis M. Alexander eds., International Maritime Boundaries, vol.ϩ, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, (1993), pp.1231-1232. 18 Victor. Prescott, ” Report Number 6-2(6) Australia- Indonesia”, Jonathan I. Charney and Robert W. Smith eds., International Maritime Boundaries, vol.IV, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,(2002), p.2704. 19 Proclamation of Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve, Commonwealth of Australia Gazette No.G32. 16 August 1983. 20 Proclamation of Cartier Island Marine Reserve, Commonwealth of Australia Gazette No.GN 24.21 June 2000. 21 Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and Arts , Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island Reserves,p.2. http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/publications/pubs/ashmore-reserves.pdf. (accessed 2008/03/13) 22 Environment Australia, Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve and Cartier Island Marine Reserve Management Plans. http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/publications/pubs/cartier-plan.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 23 Id.pp.36-54. 24 Director of National Parks, Director of National Parks Annual Report 2006-07,(2007), p.120. http://www.environment.gov.au/parks/publications/annual/06-07/pubs/state-of-parks-marine.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 25 Environment Australia, op.cit., p.55. 26 ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣭࣑ࢻࣝࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇࡢᾏὒಖㆤ༊࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㇦ᕞ⎔ቃ࣭Ỉ࣭㑇⏘࣭ᩥ໬┬ ࡢᾏὒಖㆤ༊ࡢࢧ࢖ࢺ࡟ヲࡋ࠸ࠋhttp://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/elizabeth/index.html (accessed 2008/03/13) 27 Director of National Parks, Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs Marine National Nature Reserve Management Plan 2006-2012, appendix 4. http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/publications/pubs/elizabeth-plan.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 28 GeoScience Australia, Coral Sea Islands. http://www.ga.gov.au/education/facts/dimensions/externalterr/coral.htm (accessed 2008/03/13) 29 Commonwealth of Australia, Continental Shelf Submission of Australia Executive Summary, pp.21-24. http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/aus04/Documents/aus_doc_es_web_delive ry.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 30 Deborah R. Hutchinson and Robert W. Rowlan, USGS Analysis of the Australian UNCLOS Submission, pp.6, 12-13. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1073/images/pdf/report.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㇦ᕞࡢᆅ⌮Ꮫ⪅࣭Prescott ࡣ 1998 ᖺࡢㄽᩥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫ࣮ࣜࣇ࡜࣑ࢻࣝ ࢺ࣮ࣥࣜࣇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ 1997 ᖺ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ ῝ᶵࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᥈ᰝ࡟ࡼࡾ࣑ࢻࣝࢺࣥࣜ ࣮ࣇ࡟ࡶᖖ᫬Ỉ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿᒾࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋPrescott ࡣࡇࢀࡀ஦ᐇ ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ୧࣮ࣜࣇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᖖ᫬Ỉ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿὪᓥࡀᏑᅾࡋࠊྠὪᓥࡣேࡢᒃఫࡣ୙ྍ⬟ ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊၟᴗ⁺ᴗࡸほගᴗ㸦ࢲ࢖ࣅࣥࢢࢶ࢔࣮㸧ࡢ฼⏝࡟ࡼࡾ 121 ᮲ 3 㡯ࡢせ௳ࡣ‶ࡓ ࡋ࠺ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋVictor Prescott,” The Uncertainties of Middleton and Elizabeth Reefs”, 6 IBRU

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Boundary and Security Bulletin no.1,(1998),pp.72-74. 31 United States Mission to the United Nations New York December 3,2004, http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/aus04/clcs_03_2004_los_usatext.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 32 Director of National Parks (2006), op.cit.,Appendix 4, p.58 http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/publications/pubs/elizabeth-plan.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 33 Director of National Parks (2006), op.cit.pp.24-25. 34 Director of National Parks (2006), id. 35 Director of National Parks (2006), op.cit. pp.26-43. 36 Director of National Parks (2007), op.cit. pp.139-142. 37 ຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪࠕ➨㸲❶ 㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ᨻ⟇ʊ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡜ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ᭱㏆ࡢᐇ⾜ࢆ㢟ᮦ࡟ࠖ ࠗᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘἈࣀ㫽ᓥ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩࠘(2007)ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋࠊ48-49 㡫ࠋ 38㈩Ᏹࠊᮤ᫂ഔࠕ୙ㄆྍே㐀ⓗ “Ἀࣀ㫽”(ேᕤࡢࠗἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࠘ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸)ࠖࠗ░ᮃᮾ᪉ ࿘ห࠘(2004 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 24 ᪥ྕࠊ㟁Ꮚ∧ࡣ http://www.sina.com.cn)ࠋ 39 Leticia Diaz, Barry Hart Dubner and Jason Parent, op.cit.,p.547. 40 㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨ 10 ᮲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᰩᯘᛅ⏨ࠕ➨ VIII 㒊 ᓥࡢไᗘࠖࠗ᪂ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢ⥾⤖࡟ ࡜ࡶ࡞࠺ᅜෆἲไࡢ◊✲࠘➨ 3 ྕ㸦1984㸧ࠊ108-109 㡫ཧ↷ࠋ 41ᯘ(2007) ࠊ16-17 㡫ࠋ 42 Bin Bin Jia, “A Preliminary Study of the Problem of the Isle of Kolbeinsey”, 66 Nordic Journal of International Law, (1997),p.313. 43 Clive Ralph Symmons, The Maritime Zones of Islands in International Law (1979), The Hague; Boston: M. Nijhoff,p.33. 44 Symmons,op.cit.,pp.33-36. 45 Clive Ralph Symmons, “Some Problems Relating to the Definition of ‘Insular Formations’ in International Law: Islands and Low-Tide Elevations” 1 Maritime Briefing no.5,(1995),pp.2-3. 46 Nikos Papadakis, The International Legal Regime of Artificial Islands (1977), The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, pp.93-94. 47 Myres S. McDougal and William T. Burke, The Public Order of the Oceans, (1962), New Haven and London: Yale University, pp.387-388. 48 Alfred H.A. Soons, “The Effect of a Rising Sea Level Rise on Maritime Limits and Boudaries” 37 Netherlands International Law Review, (1990), pp.222-223. 49 Barbara Kwiatkowska and Alfred.H.A. Soons. “Entitlement to Maritime Areas of Rocks Which Cannot Sustain Human Habitation or Economic Life of Their Own,” 21 Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, (1990), pp.172-3. 50 Kwiatkowska and Alfred.H.A. Soons.id. ࡞࠾ࠊKwiatkowska ࡜ Soons ࡣྠᵝࡢㄝࢆ⁺ᴗᇶᆅ ࢆᘓタࡋࡓ Clipperton ᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ Pierre-Marie Niaussat. “Clipperton, source de richesse ou héritage inutile ?”. Défense Nationale, (1977), pp. 107,118 ࢆཧ↷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ ホ౯ࡣ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀࠊᚋ㏙ࡢ Silverstein ࡢㄽᩥࡶ⤂௓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 51 Andrew L. Silverstein, “Okinotorishima: Artificial Preservation of a Speck of Sovereignty,” 16 Brooklyn Journal of International Law , (1990), p.429. 52 Kristján Sæmundsson and Árni Hjartarson Orkustofnun (National Energy Authority),Geology and Erosion of Kolbeinsey, North of Iceland. http://www.os.is/~ah/ Kolbeinsey/kolb_ensk.html (accessed 2008/03/13)  Bin Bin Jia, op.cit.,pp.301–318. 53 http://www.os.is/~ah/ Kolbeinsey/kolb_ensk.html (accessed 2008/03/13) 54 http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/ice1319.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 55 http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/ISL_1979_Law.pdf (accessed 2008/03/13) 56 Bin Bin Jia,op.cit.,p.304. 57 Bin Bin Jia,id.

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58ྠぬ᭩࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡣ➨୕ᅜ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡢ EEZ ࡬ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࣀࣝ ࢙࣮࢘㸻ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ㛫ࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࢆ⾜࠺࡜࠸࠺❧ሙ࠿ࡽࠊಀதỈᇦࡢ༡㝈ࢆ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ ࡜ࢢ࣮ࣜࣥࣛࣥࢻࡢ୰㛫⥺ཬࡧ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࠿ࡽ࣐ࣖࣥ࢖࢚ࣥᓥ࡬ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚ 200 ᾏ㔛ࡢ㝈 ⏺࡟ᐃࡵࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡋࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡣࠊࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࢆᒾ࡜ぢ࡞ࡍ❧ሙ࠿ࡽࠊ ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡀ Law No. 41 of1 June 1979 concerning the Terrirorial Sea, the Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf ࡟࠾࠸࡚ྠᓥࢆ EFZ ࡢᇶⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟ᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢṇᙜᛶ legitimacy ࢆ᭷ࡉ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࠊಀதỈᇦࡢ༡㝈タᐃ࡟ᑐࡍࡿྠᓥࡢຠᯝࢆ᤼㝖ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟୺ ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋMaritime Delimitation in the Area between Greenland and Jan Mayen (Denmark v. Norway), Danish Memorial, July 1989, Vol. I, para. 15 and para.29.note (2). 59ཱྀ㢌ᘚㄽ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡഃཧ⪃ேࡣᮏ௳࡟㝈ᐃࡋ࡚ࠊಀதỈᇦࡢ༡㝈࡟ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࢆᇶⅬ࡜ࡋࡓ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡢ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᢎㅙࡋࡓࡀࠊᑗ᮶ ࡢࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡ࡜࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࡢ㛫ࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥࡢຠᯝ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢹ ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡢ❧ሙࢆᐖࡉ࡞࠸࡜⾲᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋMaritime Delimitation in the Area between Greenland and Jan Mayen (Denmark v. Norway), Public sitting held on Monday 11 January 1993, at 10 a.m., at the Peace Palace, President Sir Robert Jennings presiding, CR 1993/1.pp.34-35. Bin Bin Jia, id.,pp.305-306. 60 Bin Bin Jia,op.cit.p.304. 61 Agreement between Norway and Iceland on the continental shelf between Iceland and Jan Mayen, 22 October 1981. Bin Bin Jia.id. 62 Maritime Delimitation in the Area between Greenland and Jan Mayen (Denmark, Norway), Rejoinder of the Kingdom of Norway, para. 25. Id. Bin Bin Jia, id.p.306. 63 ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡഃ௦⾲ࡣࠊࡇࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡎ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࡜ࡢ཭ዲ㛵ಀࡀ᭱㔜 どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜Ⓨ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋAlex G. Oude Elferink.,"Clarifying Article 121(3) of the Law of the Sea Convention: The Limits Set by the Nature of International Legal Processes". IBRU Boundary and Security Bulletin, Summer 1998.,p.66. 64 ࢥࣝ࣋࢖ࣥࢭ࢖ᓥ㏆ᾏࡢࠕࢢ࣮ࣞࢰ࣮ࣥࠖ㸦࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻ࡜ࢹ࣐࣮ࣥࢡࡢ୺ᙇࡍࡿ᤼௚ⓗ ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡀ㔜」ࡍࡿỈᇦ㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚࢝࣌ࣜࣥࢆ⁺⋓ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࢢ࣮ࣜࣥࣛࣥࢻ⁺Ẹࢆ࢔࢖ࢫ ࣛࣥࢻἢᓊ㆙ഛ㝲ࡀ᤼㝖ࡋࡓ஦௳ࠋBin Bin Jia,op.cit.,p.305. D.H. Anderson. “Report Number 9-22. Denmark (Greenland) ʊIceland.” Jonathan Charney and Robert W. Smith. eds.op.cit., pp.2942 65 D.H. Anderson. op.cit., pp.2948-9.

㸫㸫 㸦㸲㸧࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື  D㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ 㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ࣭⤒῭Ꮫ㒊ᩍ㣴⛉┠ࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚㺀Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜᪥ᮏࡢᾏὒ⣮த㺁࡟ࡘ࠸ ࡚ㅮ₇ࡋࡓࠋ ෆ ᐜ㸸 ⤒῭Ꮫ㒊ᩍ㣴⛉┠ࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽ࡛ࠖࡢㅮ₇ ᪥ ᫬㸸 2007 ᖺ 7 ᭶ 6 ᪥ 14 ᫬ 20 ศ㹼15 ᫬ 50 ศ ሙ ᡤ㸸 㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ 6 ྕ㤋 621 ྕᐊ ㅮ ᖌ㸸 ୰ᓥ᫂㔛 ◊✲ဨ 㢟 ┠㸸 ࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜᪥ᮏࡢᾏὒ⣮தࠖ

ㅮ₇࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ㏆㞄ㅖᅜ࡜ᢪ࠼ࡿᾏὒ㸦㡿ᇦ㸧⣮த࡟ࡘࡁᴫㄝࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ୍஦౛࡜ࡋ࡚ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢၥ㢟ࢆ࡜ࡾ࠶ࡆࡓࠋࠕᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽࠖࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡢㅮ₇࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊෆᐜࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᅜ 㝿ἲୖࡢᆅ఩࡟ࡘࡁࠊ㢮ఝࡢ஦౛ࢆ࠶ࡆࡘࡘヲ⣽࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋࠊ᭱ᚋ࡟᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡸ OPRF ࡢᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ ෌⏕ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ㸦㈨ᩱ 2 (4) 1 ཧ↷㸧ࠋ ㉁␲ᛂ⟅ࡢሙ࡛ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ➼ᓥࡢᆅ఩ࡢุ᩿࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᅜ㐃㸦ཬࡧᅜ㝿ྖἲᶵ㛵㸧ࡀᯝࡓࡋ࠺ ࡿᙺ๭ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ EEZ ႙ኻࡀ᪥ᮏࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࠊᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋࡀ᪥ᮏࡢᾏὒᨻ ⟇⟇ᐃ࡟ᯝࡓࡋࡓᙺ๭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㉁ၥࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᤵᴗᚋࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᾏὒᡓ␎ సᡂࡢᚲせᛶࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀࡓ௚ࠊࠕ㧗ᰯࡲ࡛ࡢᩍ⛉᭩࠿ࡽἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᏑᅾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ▱㆑ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡶ ࡢࡢࠊ௒ᅇࡢㅮ⩏ࢆ⫈ࡃࡲ࡛ࡣࡑࡢ㔜せᛶࢆㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺ኌࡀ⪺࠿ࢀࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡢ ㅮ⩏࡛ࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥၥ㢟ࡢ࿘▱࡟㝈ࡽࡎࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢᾏὒࡢ㔜せᛶࡢㄆ㆑ࢆႏ㉳ࡋࡓⅬ࡛ࠊ࢔ ࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື࡜ࡋ࡚᭷ព⩏࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ               ෗┿   ㅮ⩏෗┿ ෗┿  ㅮ⩏෗┿㸰

㸫㸫 E᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊 ᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫቑ⏣࣭ᒃ㥖◊✲ᐊࡢㅮ₇఍ࡣࠊᾏὒᨻ⟇࡟⯆࿡ࢆᣢࡘᾏὒᘓ⠏ᕤᏛᑓᨷࡢᏛ⏕ࠊ ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࠊᑓ㛛ᩍဨཬࡧᢏ⾡⪅ࡀཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ஦ᴗࡢ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάືࡢሙ ࡜ࡋ࡚᭷ຠ࡜⪃࠼࡚ㅮ₇ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ෆ ᐜ㸸 ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊ᾏὒᘓ⠏ᕤᏛ⛉ ቑ⏣࣭ᒃ㥖◊✲ᐊㅮ₇఍࡛ࡢㅮ₇ ᪥ ᫬㸸 2007 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 14 ᪥ 16 ᫬ 00 ศ㹼17 ᫬ 00 ศ ሙ ᡤ㸸 ᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫඵᾏᒣࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮ࣁ࢘ࢫ ㅮ₇⪅㸸 ὸ἟㈗அ ◊✲ဨ 㢟 ┠㸸ࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᢪ࠼ࡿၥ㢟࡜⥔ᣢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ⓗㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ

ㅮ₇࡛ࡣࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡟࠸ࢃࢀࡿἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢㅖၥ㢟ࢆ኱Ꮫ⏕࣭኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ྥࡅ࡟ศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡃㄝ ᫂ࡋࠊࡑࡢୖ࡛ᙜ㈈ᅋࡢᥦ᱌ࡍࡿ⥔ᣢ෌⏕ἲࢆ⤂௓ࡋࡓࠋཧຍࡋࡓ኱㒊ศࡢᏛ⏕ࡀᾏὒᘓ⠏ ᕤᏛࡢᑓᨷ࡛࠶ࡗࡓⅭࠊ⥔ᣢ෌⏕ᢏ⾡࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚲ㡲せ⣲࡜࡞ࡿࠊὪᓥᙧᡂᮦᩱࡢ⎰♟ࢧࣥࢦ ࡢ㞟⣙ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀࡽࡢᨺฟࢆ㜵ࡄⅭࡢࠕὶືไᚚࠖࡢᚲせᛶࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࡲ࡜ࡵࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ 㸦㈨ᩱ 2 (4) 2 ཧ↷㸧ࠋ ᮏㅮ₇ࡢࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢሙ࡛ࡣࠊᾏὒၥ㢟ࢆᢅ࠺㞴ࡋࡉ㸦ᢏ⾡࣭ἲᚊࡢ୧㠃ࡀᚲせ㸧 ࡸࠊ⮬ศ㐩ࡢど㔝ࡢ⊃ࡉ㸦ࠕຮᙉ୙㊊ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧ྵࡴ㸧࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕㐩ࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ୰ᚰ࡜ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋἈࣀ㫽ᓥၥ㢟ࡢ࿘▱ࠊ᭦࡟ࡣㅮ₇఍ཧຍ⪅ࡢព㆑ㄪᰝ࣭ព㆑ᨵ㠉࡜࠸࠺㠃࠿ࡽࠊ࢔ ࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື࡜ࡋ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟᭷ព⩏࡞ሙ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

෗┿ 2 (4) 3 ㅮ⩏෗┿㸯෗┿2 (4) 4 ㅮ⩏෗┿㸰

c. ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ஦ົᒁࠊኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍ ᶆグࡢ㸱ᶵ㛵࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⤂௓ (Introduction of Okinotorishima)ࠖ࡜㢟ࡍࡿⓎ⾲ࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

ෆ ᐜ㸸 ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ࡞࡝㸱ᶵ㛵࡛ࡢⓎ⾲㸦ୗグཧ↷㸧 ሙ ᡤ㸸 ༡ኴᖹὒ኱ᏛࠊMarine Studyࠊᰯ⯋ෆ఍㆟ᐊ (USP)      ኴᖹὒᓥᕋࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ஦ົᒁෆ఍㆟ᐊ (PIF)      ኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍஦ົᒁෆ఍㆟ᐊ (SOPAC)

㸫㸫 ᪥ ᫬㸸 2007 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 19 ᪥ 10 ᫬ 00 ศ㹼10 ᫬ 15 ศ (USP) 2007 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 19 ᪥ 14 ᫬ 00 ศ㹼14 ᫬ 15 ศ (PIF) 2007 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 21 ᪥ 10 ᫬ 00 ศ㹼10 ᫬ 15 ศ (SOPAC) ㅮ₇⪅㸸 ┾ᒾ ୍ᖾ ◊✲ဨ 㢟 ┠㸸 ࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⤂௓ (Introduction of Okinotorishima)ࠖ

௨ୗ࡟Ⓨ⾲ෆᐜࢆ♧ࡍ㸦㈨ᩱ 2 (4) 3 ཧ↷㸧ࠋ 㸯㸧ࢃࡀᅜࡢ࿘㎶ᆅᇦࡶྵࡵࡓ㡿ᇦ࠿ࡽࡢἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ఩⨨࣭ᵝᏊ 㸰㸧Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ༟♋ࡢ✵㛫ⓗ࡞つᶍ࣭ᆅ⌮ⓗ᮲௳ 㸱㸧Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᇶᮏࢹ࣮ࢱ㸦Ẽ㇟࣭ᾏ㇟㸧 㸲㸧ࢃࡀᅜࡢἈࣀ㫽ᓥ㡿᭷ࡢ␎Ṕ 㸳㸧Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᏑᅾ࣭෌⏕ࡢ㔜せᛶ 㸴㸧Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ಀࡿၥ㢟Ⅼ 㸵㸧᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛᶵ㛵ࡢࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢィ⏬࣭ᐇ⾜

 ࠸ࡎࢀࡢᶵ㛵ࡢཧຍ⪅ࡶࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄆ㆑ࡀஈࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢⓎ⾲ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⌮ ゎࡀ῝ࡲࡾࠊࡑࡢᚋ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓᓥࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㆟ㄽ࡟ᙺࡔࡗࡓ㸦➨ 2 ❶ (2) ኴᖹὒᓥᕋ ᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝࠊཧ↷㸧ࠋ

㸫㸫 㸱㸬ᓥࡢไᗘ࡜ࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࠖࡢἲⓗᆅ఩

៞᠕⩏ሿ኱Ꮫྡ㄃ᩍᤵ ᰩᯘᛅ⏨

ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢ୺せ࡞ၥ㢟࡟ࡣࠊᓥࡀ㡿ᾏࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ㸦EEZ㸧ཬ ࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࠊᓥࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࡟ᑐࡍࡿἲⓗ㈨᱁ࡢၥ㢟࡜ࠊ㏆㞄ㅖ ᅜ࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᓥࡢᏑᅾࡀ࠸࠿࡞ࡿἲⓗຠᯝࢆࡶࡘ࠿ࡢၥ 㢟࡜࠸࠺஧ࡘࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟㸦㸯㸷㸵㸱㹼㸶㸰ᖺ㸧࡛ࡣࠊቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟ ࠾ࡅࡿຠᯝ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᚋ⪅ࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊᑂ㆟㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ḟ➨࡟᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࡢቃ ⏺⏬ᐃၥ㢟୍⯡ࡢ୰࡟྾཰ࡉࢀࠊࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖ࠿ࡽࡣษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀ࡚㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ (1) ࡲࡓࠊྠ఍㆟࡛ࡣᙜึࠊᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡣእᅜࡢ⤫἞࣭ᨭ㓄ୗ࡟࠶ࡿᓥࡢྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡢၥ㢟ࢆྵ ࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢᚋࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡶࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖ࡜ࡣษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊᗈ⩏ ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥࡢἲⓗၥ㢟ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢၥ㢟ࡢࡍ࡭࡚ࢆྵࡴ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊྠ఍㆟࡛ࡣࠊᓥࡣ኱ ࡁࡉ࣭≧ἣ࡟㛵ࢃࡾ࡞ࡃ EEZ࣭኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ྰ࠿ࠊࡀ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞தⅬ࡛࠶ ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢⅬࡀ㔜せどࡉࢀࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ᾏὒἲయไࡢୗ࡛ࡣࠊᑠࡉ࡞ᓥ࡜࠸࠼࡝ࡶ㸰㸮 㸮ᾏ㔛 EEZ ࡸ኱㝣Ჴࡢᗈ኱࡞⟶㎄ᾏᇦࢆಖ᭷ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊබᾏཬࡧ῝ ᾏᗏࡢ⠊ᅖࢆ࡞ࡿ࡭ࡃᗈࡃ☜ಖࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ❧ሙ࠿ࡽࡢ཯ᑐࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᓥࡢไᗘࢆࡵࡄࡿࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᅜ㝿ἲࡢⓎᒎࠊ≉࡟➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟㸦ཬࡧ ࡑࡢ‽ഛẁ㝵ࢆᢸࡗࡓᅜ㐃ᾏᗏᖹ࿴฼⏝ጤဨ఍㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑂ㆟㐣⛬ࢆ᳨ウࡋࠊྠ఍㆟࡛᥇ᢥ ࡉࢀࡓࠕᾏὒἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿㐃ྜ᮲⣙ࠖ㸦ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙㸸UNCLOS㸧ࡢ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸦ᓥࡢ ไᗘ㸧ࡢつᐃ㸦≉࡟ࡑࡢ➨㸱㡯㸧ࡢゎ㔘ࢆࡵࡄࡿㄽதࢆศᯒࡋࠊ᪥ᮏࡀ⌧ᅾࠕᓥࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚࿘ ᅖࡢᾏᇦ࡟᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆタᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࠖࡀࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢ㛵 㐃つᐃ࡟↷ࡽࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡓ㢮ఝࡢ≧ἣ࡟࠾ࡅࡿㅖᅜࡢᅜᐙᐇ⾜ࢆཧ⪃࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᅜ㝿ἲୖ࠸࠿࡞ ࡿἲⓗᆅ఩ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

㸦㸯㸧ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿつᐃ 㸯㸷㸶㸰ᖺ࡟᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓࠕᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࠖࡣࠊࡑࡢ➨㸶㒊㸦Part VIII㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕᓥ ࡢไᗘࠖ࡜㢟ࡍࡿḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞㸯࠿᮲ࡢࡳࡢ᮲ᩥࢆつᐃࡋࡓࠋ

➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸦ᓥࡢไᗘ㸧[Article 121 Regime of islands] 㸯㸬 ᓥ࡜ࡣࠊ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ㝣ᆅ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊỈ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࠊ㧗₻᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶỈ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ ࡿࡶࡢࢆ࠸࠺ࠋ[An island is a naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water, which is above water at high tide.] 㸰㸬 㸱࡟ᐃࡵࡿሙྜࢆ㝖ࡁࠊᓥࡢ㡿ᾏࠊ᥋⥆Ỉᇦࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࡣࠊ௚ࡢ㡿 ᅵ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡢ᮲⣙ࡢつᐃ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡿࠋ[Except as provided for in paragraph 3, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf of an island are determined in accordance with the provisions of this Convention applicable to other land territory.] 㸱㸬 ே㛫ࡀ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ᒃఫ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ཪࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࢆ⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᒾࡣࠊ᤼௚ⓗ

㸫㸫 ⤒῭Ỉᇦཪࡣ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ[Rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own shall have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf.]

➨ 121 ᮲ࡢ➨㸯㡯ࡣࠊ㸯㸷㸳㸶ᖺࡢࠕ㡿ᾏཬࡧ᥋⥆Ỉᇦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲⣙ࠖ㸦㡿ᾏ᮲⣙㸧ࡢ➨ 㸯㸮᮲㸯㡯࡜඲ࡃྠᩥ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ➨㸰㡯ࡣࠊࠕᓥࡢ㡿ᾏࡣࠊࡇࡢ᮲⣙ࡢつᐃ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ ᐃࡉࢀ ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺㡿ᾏ᮲⣙ࡢ➨㸯㸮᮲㸰㡯ࡢつᐃ࡟ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟᥋⥆Ỉᇦࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴ ࡢᅜᐙ⟶㎄Ỉᇦࢆ㏣ຍࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ᮲ᩥࡢᵓ㐀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡟࠾࠸࡚඲ࡃ᪂ࡓ࡟ᑟධࡉࢀࡓつᐃࡣࠊே㛫ࡢᒃఫᛶཪࡣ⤒῭⏕άࡢ⥔ᣢ ࢆၥ㢟࡜ࡍࡿࠕᒾࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ➨㸱㡯࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㸦㸰㸧➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟௨๓ࡢࠕᓥࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄽ㆟ a. ᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊ᪤࡟㸯㸷㸱㸮ᖺࡢࣁ࣮ࢢᅜ㝿ἲ඾⦅⧩఍㆟࡟࠾࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡓࠋྠ఍㆟࡟ ࠾ࡅࡿ➨㸰ጤဨ఍㸦㡿ᾏ㸧ࡢሗ࿌᭩ࡣࠊࠕࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᓥ㸦island㸧ࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ㡿ᾏࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋ ᓥ࡜ࡣࠊ㝣ᆅ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊỈ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࠊᜏஂⓗ࡟㧗₻⥺ୖ㸦above high-water mark㸧࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢ ࢆ࠸࠺ࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊྠ᮲ࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡣࠊࠕࠗᓥ࠘࡜࠸࠺⏝ㄒࡢᐃ⩏ࡣேᕤᓥ㸦artificial islands㸧ࢆ᤼㝖ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊேᕤᓥࡀ┿ࡢ㡿ᇦ㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚༢࡞ࡿᾋ㐟ᕤస ≀ࠊಀ␃ࣈ࢖➼࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟㝈ࡿࠖ࡜ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ(2)

b. ➨୍ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟㸦㸯㸷㸳㸶ᖺ㸧ࡢ‽ഛసᴗࢆᢸࡗࡓᅜ㐃ࡢᅜ㝿ἲጤဨ఍㸦ILC㸧 ࡀసᡂࡋࡓᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࡣࠊࠕࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᓥࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ㡿ᾏࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋᓥ࡜ࡣ㝣ᆅ࡛࠶ ࡗ࡚ࠊỈ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࠊ㏻ᖖࡢሙྜ㸦in normal circumstances㸧ᜏஂⓗ࡟㧗₻⥺ୖ࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢࢆ࠸ ࠺ࠖ㸦㸯㸮᮲㸧࡜࠸࠺つᐃࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࠋ➨୍ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟࠾࠸࡚᭱⤊ⓗ࡟᥇ᢥࡉࢀ ࡓ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙ࡢ➨㸯㸮᮲ࡣࠊࠕ㸯 ᓥ࡜ࡣࠊ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ㝣ᆅ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊỈ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࠊ㧗 ₻᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶỈ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢࢆ࠸࠺ࠋ㸰 ᓥࡢ㡿ᾏࡣࠊࡇࡢ᮲⣙ࡢつᐃ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ ᐃࡉ ࢀࡿࠖ࡜つᐃࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ୺࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㝣ᆅࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ㡿 ᾏࢆᣢࡘ࡜┳೴ࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺㊃᪨ࡢ⡿ᅜࡢಟṇ᱌ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⡿ᅜಟṇ᱌ࡢ≺࠸ࡣࠊ➨୍࡟ࠊᓥࡀ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ㸦naturally formed㸧ࡶࡢ࡛ ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽࡎࠊILC ⲡ᱌࡛ࡣேᕤⓗ࡞㝣ᆅࢆྵࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊࡑࢀࡀ㡿ᾏࡢᣑᙇࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢබᾏࡢ⮬⏤࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⺋㣗࡜࠸࠺ࠊዲࡲࡋ࠿ࡽࡊࡿᡭẁ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᠱᛕࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋ➨஧࡟ࠊILC ࡢᐃ⩏࡟ྵࡲࢀࡓࠕ㏻ᖖࡢሙྜࠖཬࡧࠕᜏஂⓗ࡟ࠖࡢせ௳ࡣ┦஫࡟▩┪ ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ␗ᖖ࡞ཪࡣᏘ⠇ⓗ࡞₻ὶάືࡀᓥࡢᆅ఩࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟ࡘ࠸࡚☜❧ࡋࡓᅜᐙᐇ⾜ ࡀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺⌮⏤࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢせᅉࢆ᤼᩺ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

c. 㸯㸷㸴㸵ᖺ࡟ ad hoc ጤဨ఍࡜ࡋ࡚タ⨨ࡉࢀࠊ㸯㸷㸴㸶ᖺ࡟ṇᘧ࡟タ❧ࡉࢀࡓᅜ㐃ᾏᗏ ᖹ࿴฼⏝ጤဨ఍ࡀࠊ㸯㸷㸵㸱ᖺ࡟➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟ᘬࡁ⥅ࡀࢀࡿࡲ࡛ࡢᮇ㛫࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᑂ㆟࡛ࡣࠊ㸶ࡘࡢᥦ᱌㸦OAU ᐉゝࠊ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖᱌ࠊ࣐ࣝࢱ᱌ࠊࢠࣜࢩ࢔᱌ࠊ ୰ᅜ᱌ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝㸯㸲࢝ᅜ᱌ࠊ࣓࣮࣭࢝ࣝࣥࢣࢽ࢔࣭࣐ࢲ࢞ࢫ࣭࢝ࣝࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔࣭ࢺࣝࢥ᱌ࠊ ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔᱌㸧ࡀᥦฟࡉࢀࡓࠋ(3) ࡇࢀࡽࡢᥦ᱌ࡣࠊࠕࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᓥࠖ࡟ྠ୍ࡢᆅ఩ࢆ௜୚ࡋ ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠊ༶ࡕࠊ㸯㸷㸳㸶ᖺࡢ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴ᮲⣙࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥ࡜ྠ୍ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࢆ

㸫㸫 ᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࠊᓥࢆఱࡽ࠿ࡢᇶ‽࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ศ㢮ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟␗࡞ࡿᆅ఩ࢆ௜୚ࡍࡿࡶࡢ 㸦ලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ࣭኱㝣Ჴ➼ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ྰ࠿㸧ࡢ஧ࡘ࡟༊ศࡍࡿ ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ๓⪅ࡢ❧ሙ࡟ᒓࡍࡿࡶࡢࡣ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖᱌ࠊࢠࣜࢩ࢔᱌ཬࡧ୰ᅜ᱌࡛࠶ࡾࠊṧ ࡾࡢ 5 ᥦ᱌ࡣᚋ⪅࡟ᒓࡍࡿࠋᓥࢆศ㢮ࡍࡿᚋ⪅ࡢ❧ሙ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᭦࡟஧ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࠋ➨୍ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣࠊ୍ᐃࡢᇶ‽ࢆタᐃࡋࠊࡑࢀ࡟㐩ࡋ࡞࠸ᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆᣢࡕᚓ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠊᓥࡢ㠃✚ࡀ 10 ᖹ᪉ km ௨ୗࡢࡶࡢࡣ 12 ᾏ 㔛ࡢ⟶㎄Ỉᇦࡢࡳࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜ࡋࠊ⎔♋㸦atoll㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢ㠃✚ࡀ 1 ᖹ᪉ km ࡟‶ࡓ࡞ ࠸ࡶࡢࡣࡑࡢ♋ࡢእഃࡢᾏὒ✵㛫࡟ࡣ⟶㎄ᶒࢆ୺ᙇࡋᚓࡎࠊ1 ᖹ᪉ km ௨ୖ 10 ᖹ᪉ km ௨ୗ ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ 12 ᾏ㔛ࡢ⟶㎄Ỉᇦࡢࡳࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸦࣐ࣝࢱ᱌㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊேࡀᒃఫࡏࡎࠊ ⤒῭⏕άࢆకࢃ࡞࠸ᑠᓥ㸦islets and small islands㸧ࡣ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸㸦࣮࣐ࣝࢽ ࢔᱌㸧ࠋ➨஧ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣࠊᾏᇦࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࡢ኱ᑠࠊேཱྀࡢ᭷↓ࠊᮏᅵ࡜ ࡢ㐃⥆ᛶ➼ࡢㅖ஦㡯ࢆྵࡴࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㛵㐃せ⣲ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ࠊ⾮ᖹࡢཎ๎㸦equitable principle㸧 ࡟ᚑ࠸ᾏᇦࡢỴᐃࢆ⾜࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊᓥࡢ㠃✚࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊEEZࠊ኱㝣Ჴ➼ࡢྛᾏᇦࢆ᭷ ࡍࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ┤᥋ⓗ࡞つᐃࢆタࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸦OAU ᐉゝ࡯࠿㸧ࠋ ᅜ㐃ᾏᗏᖹ࿴฼⏝ጤဨ఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥࡢㄽ㆟࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ ᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᥦ᱌ࡸㄽ㆟ࡢཎᆺࡀ᪤࡟♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

㸦㸱㸧 ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᑂ㆟ a. 1973 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡣ 1974 ᖺࡢ➨஧఍ ᮇ㸦࢝ࣛ࢝ࢫ㸧௨㝆➨ 2 ጤဨ఍㸦ᾏὒἲ୍⯡ᢸᙜ㸧࡛ᑂ㆟ࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ1975 ᖺࡢ➨୕఍ᮇ㸦ࢪ ࣗࢿ࣮ࣦ㸧௨ᚋࡣṤ࡝බᘧグ㘓ࢆṧࡉ࡞࠸㠀බᘧ఍ྜ࡛ウ㆟ࡉࢀࡓࠋᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿྜィ 19 ࡢබ ᘧᥦ᱌ࡣࡍ࡭࡚➨஧఍ᮇ࡛ᥦฟࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣࢺࣝࢥ᱌㸦㸱ᥦ᱌㸧ࠊ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔᱌㸦㸰 ᥦ᱌㸧ࠊࢠࣜࢩ࢔᱌㸦㸲ᥦ᱌㸧ࠊࢯ㐃࣭ᮾḢㅖᅜ᱌ࠊࢣࢽ࢔࣭ࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔᱌ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒ 4 ࢝ ᅜ᱌ࠊ᪥ᮏ᱌ࠊ࢔࢖ࣝࣛࣥࢻ᱌ࠊ୰༡⡿ 19 ࢝ᅜ᱌ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ 9 ࢝ᅜ᱌ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ 14 ࢝ᅜ᱌ࠊ ࣇࣛࣥࢫ᱌ࠊ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖᱌࡛࠶ࡿࠋ(4) ࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊᓥ࡟༊ูࢆタࡅࡎ࡟ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᓥ࡟ྠ୍ࡢ ᆅ఩ࢆ௜୚㸦ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᓥ࡟࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆタᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᢎㄆ㸧ࡋࡼ ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡣࠊࢠࣜࢩ࢔᱌ࠊࢯ㐃࣭ᮾḢㅖᅜ᱌ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒ 4 ࢝ᅜ᱌ࠊ᪥ᮏ᱌ࠊ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖ ᱌࡛࠶ࡾࠊṧࡾࡢㅖᥦ᱌ࡀࠊᓥࢆఱࡽ࠿ࡢᇶ‽࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ศ㢮ࡋࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᓥ ࡟␗࡞ࡿᆅ఩ࢆ௜୚㸦࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࡟ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡍࡿᓥ࡜᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ᓥ࡜࡟ศ㢮㸧ࡋࡼ࠺ ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᥦ᱌ࡣࠊᅜ㐃ᾏᗏᖹ࿴฼⏝ጤဨ఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୺ᙇࡢᑐ❧࡜ྠࡌࣃ ࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ๓⪅࡟ᒓࡍࡿ❧ሙ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࢠࣜࢩ࢔ࡣࠊᓥࡢᐃ⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨ 10 ᮲ 1 㡯ࢆࡑࡢࡲ ࡲ᥇⏝ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᓥࡣᅜᐙ㡿ᇦࡢ୙ྍศࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㝣ᆅ㡿ᅵ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ᮲⣙ࡢつ ᐃ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚㡿ᾏࠊ኱㝣ᲴࠊEEZ ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ᰿ᣐ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢠࣜࢩ࢔ࡢᆅ⌮ⓗ≉ ᚩࢆᣲࡆ࡚࠾ࡾࠊྠᅜࡣᅜᅵࡢ 4 ศࡢ 1 ࡀᓥ࡛ࠊேཱྀࡢ㸯㸳㸣ࡀࡑࡇ࡟ᒃఫࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ኱㝣㒊ศ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᓥ㒊ࡣᆅ⌮ⓗ࣭⤒῭ⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ࣭Ṕྐⓗ࡟ࢠࣜࢩ࢔ࡢ୍㒊ࢆ࡞ࡍ ࡜࠸࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊᓥࡀᆅẆࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡾࠊ኱㝣㒊ศ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ኱㝣Ჴ㒊ศࢆᣢࡘ࡜ࡋ ࡚ࠊ኱㝣Ჴ㒊ศ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢἲࡀᓥ࡟ࡶ㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ(5) ༡ኴᖹὒ 4 ࢝ᅜ㸦ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻࠊࢺࣥ࢞ࠊすࢧࣔ࢔㸧ࡢᥦ᱌ࡣࠊ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨ 10 ᮲ 1 㡯࡜ ྠ୍ࡢᓥࡢᐃ⩏ࢆタࡅࠊᓥᕋᅜࡢᓥࢆྵࡵࡓࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㝣ᆅ㡿ᅵ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿつ

㸫㸫 ᐃ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚㡿ᾏࠊEEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣ᲴࡀỴᐃࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻࡣࠊ㡿ᾏࠊEEZࠊ ኱㝣Ჴ㒊ศ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᓥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ୺ᶒ࡜ࡑࡢ௚ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ୺ᶒ࡜ࢆ༊ูࡍ࡭ࡁㄽ⌮ⓗ ᰿ᣐࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᓥ࡟኱㝣㒊ศ࡜ྠ➼ࡢᢅ࠸ࢆࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⊂❧ᅜࡢ࠺ࡕ 30㸣ࢆ༨ࡵࡿᓥᅜࢆ ≛≅࡟ࡋ࡚௚ࡢ㸶㸮㸣㸦㸵㸮㸣ࡢㄗࡾ࠿㸽㸧ࡢㅖᅜ࡟฼┈ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࡋࠊ(6) す ࢧࣔ࢔ࡶྠᵝࡢⓎゝࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(7) ࡲࡓࠊࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ࡣ኱㝣ࡢ↓ே㒊ศ࡜↓ேᓥࢆẚ㍑ࡋ ࡚ࠊ↓ே࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ኱㝣࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡔࡅ࡛ EEZ ࢆࡶࡘࡇ࡜࡟཯ᑐࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡟ࠊᓥ࡟ࡑࢀࡀ ᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡣ୙බᖹ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(8) ༡ኴᖹὒ 4 ࢝ᅜ᱌ࡣࠊ༡ኴᖹὒᆅᇦ ࡢᑠࡉ࡞ᓥࠎ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿᓥᕋᅜࡢ❧ሙࢆ⾲᫂ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᆅ୰ᾏࡢᓥᕋᅜ࡛࠶ࡿ࢟ࣉࣟ ࢫࡶ༡ኴᖹὒ 4 ࢝ᅜ᱌࡟ྠㄪࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࢆศ㢮ࡍࡇ࡜࡟཯ᑐࡋࠊ㸦9㸧࢝ࣜࣈᾏࡢᓥᕋᅜ࡛࠶ࡿ ࢪ࣐ࣕ࢖࢝ࡶࠊࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮࡜ྠᵝ࡟ᓥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ୙බᖹࡉࢆᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(10) ࡞࠾ࠊࢹ࣐࣮ࣥ ࢡࡣࠊᅜᐙࡢ୺ᶒᖹ➼ࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽࠊ༡ኴᖹὒ 4 ࢝ᅜ᱌࡟ྠពࢆ♧ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊ኱ὒ୰ࡢᑠᓥ ࡸᒾ࡟ࡶᗈỗ࡞ᶒ฼ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᚑ᮶ࡣබᾏ࡛࠶ࡗࡓᾏᇦࡢ⏕≀㈨※࡟ᑐࡍ ࡿ௚ࡢᅜࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡀ⊃ࡵࡽࢀࠊࡑࢀ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᅜ㝿ᾏᗏᶵᵓ㸦ISA㸧࡟ᒓࡍࡿ༊ᇦࡀῶᑡ ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜࠸࠺ᠱᛕࢆ⾲᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(11) ᪥ᮏ᱌ࡣࠊ኱㝣Ჴࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃࡟࠾࠸࡚ ኱㝣࡜ᓥࢆ༊ูࡏࡎࠊࡲࡓࠊ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖᱌ࡶࠊᅜᐙࡢ୺ᶒࡀᓥ࡟㞄᥋ࡍࡿᾏᇦ࡜ࡑࡢᆅୗ࡟ ཬࡪ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࡜ࡶ࡟ᓥࢆ㢮ูࡏࡎ኱ࡁࡉ➼ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ➨஧఍ᮇ࡛ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀࡓࠊᓥࡢศ㢮࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚␗࡞ࡿᆅ఩ࢆ௜୚ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿᥦ᱌ࡣࠊᅜ㐃 ᾏᗏᖹ࿴ጤဨ఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿྛᅜࡢ୺ᙇ࡜ྠᵝ࡟஧㏻ࡾࡢ❧ሙࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ୍ࡘࡣࠊලయⓗ࡟ᓥࡢᗈ ࡉࠊேཱྀࡢ᭷↓ࠊᮏᅵ࡜ࡢ㠃✚ࠊேཱྀẚ⋡ࠊ⤒῭⏕άࡢ᭷↓࡜࠸ࡗࡓ᮲௳ࢆᣲࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼ ࡾᓥࢆศ㢮ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟␗࡞ࡿἲⓗᆅ఩ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡣࠊ┤᥋࡟ࡣᓥࡢ ศ㢮ࢆ⾜ࢃࡎ࡟ࠊቃ⏺⏬ᐃࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟⪃៖ࡀᡶࢃࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࠊᑠᓥࠊᒾࡢᏑᅾ ࢆᣲࡆࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ✏ࡢ┠ⓗୖࠊ➨୍ࡢ❧ሙࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ௨ୗ࡟ࡇࡢ❧ሙ࡟❧ࡘ ྛᅜࡢᥦ᱌ཬࡧぢゎ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᒓࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔᱌㸦2 ᥦ᱌㸧ࠊ ࢔࢖ࣝࣛࣥࢻ᱌ࠊࢺࣝࢥ᱌ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ 14 ࢝ᅜ᱌࡛࠶ࡿࠋ(12) ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔᱌࡛ࡣࠊᓥࡢ኱ࡁ ࡉࠊேཱྀࡢ᭷↓ࠊ≧ἣ㸦situation㸧ࠊᆅ㉁Ꮫⓗᙧែࡀᾏᇦ⏬ᐃࡢ㝿࡟⪃៖ࡉࢀࠊప₻㧗ᆅࠊᑠ ᓥ㸦ᑠࡉࡃேࡀᒃఫࡏࡎ⤒῭⏕άࡢ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ㸧ࠊᑠᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡢᓥ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ㡿ᾏእࠊ኱㝣Ჴ ୖ࡟࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡣቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚⪃៖ࡉࢀ࡞࠸࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᚑ᮶ࠕᓥࠖ࡜୍ᣓࡋ࡚࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡶࡢ࡟ࠕᑠᓥࠖ࡜ࠕᑠᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡢᓥࠖ࡜࠸࠺᪂ࡋ࠸༊ศࢆᑟධࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢⅬࡣࠊูࡢྠᅜ᱌ ࡛ࠊࠕᑠᓥࠖ࡜ࡣ 1 ᖹ᪉ km ࡲ࡛ࠊࡲࡓࠕᑠᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡢᓥࠖࡣ 1 ᖹ᪉ km ࠿ࡽ X ᖹ᪉ km㸦᭱ ኱್ࢆ᫂グࡏࡎ㸧ࡲ࡛ࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡛ࠊேࡀᒃఫ࡛ࡁࡎࠊࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࢆᣢ࡚࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣᾏᇦࡢᣑ኱࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡑࡢᏑᅾࢆ᥼⏝࡛ࡁࡎࠊࡋ࠿ࡶࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࠕᑠᓥࠖ ཪࡣࠕᑠᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡢᓥࠖࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿᾏᇦࡢ఩⨨㸦㡿ᾏෆࡢእ⦕㏆ࡃ࡜࠿௚ᅜࡢ EEZ ෆ࡞࡝㸧 ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᣢࡕᚓࡿᾏᇦࢆ⏬ᐃࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ」㞧࡞ෆᐜ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕᑠᓥࠖཬࡧࠕᑠᓥ࡟ 㢮ఝࡢᓥࠖ࡜࠸࠺࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔⊂⮬ࡢศ㢮ࡣࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢ㠀බᘧ఍ྜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࠕᒾࠖ 㸦rocks㸧ཬࡧࠕᑠᓥࠖ㸦islets㸧࡜࠸࠺⾲⌧࡟ኚ᭦ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔ࡣࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㢮ᆺ ࡢᓥࢆ༢୍ࡢไᗘ࡟᭹ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୙බᖹࢆ⏕ࡳࠊἢᓊᅜ࡜ෆ㝣ᅜ࡜ࡀྠ➼ࡢᶒ฼ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ ᅜ㝿༊ᇦ㸦international area㸧ࢆῶᑡࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡜㏙࡭࡚ࠊෆ㝣ᅜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ❧ሙࢆ⾲᫂ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(13) ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࠕᑠᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡢᓥࠖࡀࠕᓥࠖ࡜༊ูࡉࢀࡿ⌮⏤ࡀゝཬࡉࢀ࡚ ࠾ࡽࡎᑓ᩿ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜ࡢᢈุࡀࢺࣜࢽࢲ࣮ࢻ࣭ࢺࣂࢦ࠿ࡽᥦ㉳ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(14) ࢔࢖ࣝࣛ ࣥࢻ᱌ࡣࠊ኱㝣Ჴࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡶࡋே㛫ࡀᒃఫࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᓥ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑ

㸫㸫 ࢀࡀ㡿ᾏෆ࡟࠶ࡿሙྜࠊཪࡣᙜヱᅜࡢ㝣ᆅ㠃✚ཬࡧேཱྀࡢ 10 ศࡢ 1 ࢆྵࡴሙྜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢࡳ ᓥࡀ⪃៖ࡉࢀᚓࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊලయⓗ࡟ே㛫ࡢᒃఫࠊ㡿ᾏෆࡢᏑᅾࠊ10 ศࡢ 1 ࡜࠸࠺㠃✚࣭ேཱྀ ࡢᩘ್ࢆᡴࡕฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀ≉ᚩⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢺࣝࢥ᱌ࡣࠊྠᅜࡀᥦฟࡋࡓ୍㐃ࡢᥦ᱌ࡢ࠺ࡕ ᭱ᚋࡢ᮲ᩥ᱌࡛࠶ࡾࠊᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚᭱ࡶヲ⣽࡞つᐃࢆタࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྠ᱌࡛ࡣࠊᐈほⓗ࠿ ࡘ᫂☜࡞ᇶ‽ࢆぢฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡢᅔ㞴ࡉࢆㄆࡵ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࡑࡢ☜❧࡟ດຊࡍࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊእᅜ࡟ᨭ㓄 ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᓥࡣ EEZ ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊ௚ᅜࡢ EEZ ෆཪࡣ኱㝣Ჴୖ࡟࠶ࡿᓥࡣࠊࡑࢀࡀᒓࡍ ࡿᅜࡢ඲㝣ᆅ㠃✚࡜ேཱྀࡢ 10 ศࡢ 1 ௨ୖࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ EEZ ཪࡣ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ ࡇ࡜ࠊ㡿ᾏእ࡟࠶ࡾ⤒῭⏕άࢆకࢃ࡞࠸ᓥཪࡣᒾཬࡧప₻㧗ᆅࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢᾏᇦࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ ࡇ࡜ࠊࢆෆᐜ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࢺࣝࢥࡣࠊࡑࡢⓎゝࡢ୰࡛ࠊࠕ⤒῭⏕άࠖࡢ☜❧࡟ ࡣ༢࡞ࡿ⯟⾜ᶒࡸ㌷࣭㆙ᐹ᪋タࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ EEZ ࢆᣢࡘ࡟ࡣ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(15) ࢔ ࣇࣜ࢝ 14 ࢝ᅜ᱌ࡣࠊᓥࠊᑠᓥࠊᒾࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨ 10 ᮲ 1 㡯ࡢつᐃ࡟ࠕᗈ ኱࡞ࠖࠕࡼࡾᑠࡉ࡞ࠖࠕᒾ≧ࡢࠖࢆຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛෌ᐃ⩏ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ᭦࡟ᓥࠊᑠᓥࠊᒾࠊప₻㧗 ᆅࡀἢᓊ࡟㞄᥋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㞄᥋ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠿࡟ࡼࡾࡑࡢᆅ఩ࢆᐃࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࠕᗈ኱ ࡞ࠖ➼ࡢ⾲⌧ࡣᐇ㝿࡟ࡣ᭕᫕࡛࠶ࡾ୙᫂☜ࡉࡀṧࡿࡓࡵࠊ௨ᚋࡢ㠀බᘧ఍ྜ࡟࠾࠸࡚௚ࡢㅖ ᅜ࠿ࡽࡢᢈุࢆཷࡅࡓࠋ

b. ௨ୖࠊᓥࡢไᗘࢆࡵࡄࡿㄽ㆟ࢆࠊ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟࠾࠸࡚ᥦฟࡉࢀࡓྛᅜࡢᥦ᱌ ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ᴫほࡋࡓࡀࠊඛ㐍ᅜࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊᓥࢆศ㢮ࡋ࡚␗࡞ࡿἲⓗᆅ఩ࢆ௜୚ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺❧ሙ ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᢈุⓗぢゎࢆ㏙࡭ࡓᅜࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢ࠺ࡕ㔜せ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ࢝ࢼࢲࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊⱥ ᅜࡢぢゎࢆḟ࡟⤂௓ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋ ➨୍࡟ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲࡣࠊ⏬୍ⓗ࡛ᑓᶓⓗ࡞ᓥࡢつ๎ࡣタࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᾏᇦᣑ኱ࡢᶒ฼ࢆ ዣࢃࢀࡿᑠᓥ㸦islets㸧ࡢ୰࡟ࡣ఍㆟ཧຍᅜࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡲࡓⱝᖸࡢᓥ㸦islands㸧 ࡣࡑࡢṔྐⓗ㛵㐃࠿ࡽᙜヱᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㔜せᛶࢆ᭷ࡋࠊࡑࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㛵ಀ஧ᅜ㛫 ཪࡣከᩘᅜ㛫ࡢ஺΅࡛ࡇࢀࢆ⾜࠺࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(16) ➨஧࡟ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡣࠊᥦ ฟࡉࢀࡓศ㢮ὴࡢㅖᥦ᱌ࡣṇ☜ᛶ࡟Ḟࡅࠊከᩘࡢᅜࡢ┦␗࡞ࡿ฼┈ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟㐩ࡋ࡞ ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜㏙࡭ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ୍⯡࡟ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿ⤒῭ᶒࢆ࠶ࡿᓥࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ྰᐃࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ ᓥࡢศ㢮ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅜᐙࡢ୺ᶒᖹ➼ࡢཎ๎࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ≉࡟ࡇࡢ᮲⣙୰࡟ᓥࡢศ㢮ࢆ ྵࡴᚲせࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊ࢝ࢼࢲ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡢၥ㢟ࡣ㛵ಀᅜ㛫ࡢ┤᥋ࡢྜព࡟ࡼ ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ(17) ➨୕࡟ࠊⱥᅜࡣࠊᓥࡢศ㢮ࢆヨࡳࡿ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣ࠶ࡽࡺࡿሙྜ࡟⾮ᖹ ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࡣከࡃࡢᓥࡢ㔜せᛶࡀῶࡌࡽࢀࡿ༴㝤ᛶࢆᣢࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ ேཱྀࠊ኱ࡁࡉࠊᮏᅵ࠿ࡽࡢ㊥㞳ࠊእᅜἢᓊ࡜ࡢ఩⨨㛵ಀࡢᅄࡘࡢᇶ‽࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀᢈ ุࢆຍ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊேཱྀࡣẼೃࡸ⤒῭ⓗኚື࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ቑῶࡍࡿࡋࠊ኱ࡁࡉ࡟ࡘ ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ኱ࡁ࠸ᓥ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ↓ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡾࠊᑠࡉ࡞ᓥ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶᾏ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿከࡃࡢேࠎ ࡀᒃఫࡍࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏᅵ࠿ࡽࡢ㊥㞳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᓥᕋᅜࡸ⩌ᓥᅜ࡛ࡣ࡝ࡢᓥࡀᮏ ᅵ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆ㏙࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ୙ྍ⬟࡞ሙྜࡶ࠶ࡾࠊእᅜἢᓊ࡜ࡢ఩⨨㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ┿ࡢၥ 㢟ࡣ㞄᥋ᅜࡢᾏᇦෆ࡟ၥ㢟ࡢᓥࡀ఩⨨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ኱㝣ࡢᾏ㸦continental sea㸧ࡣ㞄᥋ᅜ࡟ࡶᓥ࡟ࡶᒓࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ஧⪅ࡢ㛫ࡢᾏᇦࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡢၥ㢟࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ ࡚ࠊᅄࡘࡢᇶ‽ࡣᓥࢆศ㢮ࡍࡿୖ࡛኱ࡁ࡞ព࿡ࡣᣢࡓࡎࠊᥦฟࡉࢀࡓヲ⣽ࡍࡂࡿつ๎ࡣ࠿࠼ ࡗ࡚୙බᖹࢆᣍࡃ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(18)

㸫㸫 c. ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ➨஧఍ᮇ㸦㸯㸷㸵㸲ᖺ㸧࡛ᥦฟࡉࢀࡓᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅖ᮲ᩥ᱌࡜ࡑࢀࡽࢆࡵࡄ ࡿㄽ㆟ࡣࠊㅖᅜࡢᵝࠎ࡞฼ᐖࡢᑐ❧ࢆ㢧ⴭ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࠊᮏ᮶ࡢᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ ၥ㢟࡜ࠊእᅜࡢ⤫἞ཪࡣᨭ㓄ࡢୗ࡟࠶ࡿᓥࡢᆅ఩ࡢၥ㢟ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ┦ᑐཪࡣ㞄᥋ࡍࡿᅜࡢ㛫 ࡢᾏᇦࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡍࡿ㝿ࡢᓥࡢ఩⨨࡙ࡅࡢၥ㢟ࡀΰᅾࡋ࡞ࡀࡽㄽ㆟ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ➨஧ ጤဨ఍ጤဨ㛗࡟ࡼࡗ࡚సᡂࡉࢀࡓࠕ୺せഴྥࠖ㸦Main Trends㸧ࡢ୰࡟ࡶࡑࢀࡀ཯ᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢᩥ᭩ࢆᇶ♏࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ➨୕఍ᮇ㸦㸯㸷㸵㸳ᖺ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㠀බᘧ఍ྜ࡛ᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡀ᭦ ࡟᳨ウࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊྠ఍ᮇᮎ࡟సᡂࡉࢀࡓࠕ㠀බᘧ༢୍஺΅ⲡ᱌ࠖ㸦ISNT㸧ࡢ୰ࡢ➨ 㸯㸱㸰᮲ࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖࡢつᐃࡣࠊ㸯㸷㸶㸰ᖺ࡟᭱⤊ⓗ࡟᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨㸯㸰㸯 ᮲㸦ᓥࡢไᗘ㸧࡜ྠ୍ෆᐜࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖࡢ㆟ㄽࡢ୰࡟ΰᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠊእᅜ⤫ ἞ୗࡢᓥࡢၥ㢟࡜㏆㞄ᅜ࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢᾏᇦࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊ➨୕఍ᮇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿウ ㆟ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖ࠿ࡽ඲ࡃษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ISNT ࡢᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿつᐃ㒊ศࡣࠊ㸯㸷㸵㸴ᖺࡢ➨㸲఍ᮇ㸦ࢽ࣮࣮ࣗࣚࢡ㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ୺࡜ࡋ ࡚㠀බᘧ఍ྜࡢሙ᳨࡛ウࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ୍ᣓὴ࣭ศ㞳ὴࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽᴟ➃࡞㆟ㄽࡶ⾜ࢃ ࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ➨㸯㸱㸰᮲㸱㡯㸦⌧ᅾࡢ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯㸧ࡣࠊᩥ⬦ୖ㡿ᾏࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠕᒾࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㡿ᾏࡍࡽ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋࠊࡑࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟Ᏻ඲Ỉᇦ㸦safety zone㸧 ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᥦ᱌ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௚᪉࡛ࠊⱝᖸࡢᅜࡣࠊே㛫ࡀ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ᒃఫ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ྰ࠿ࠊ࠶ ࡿ࠸ࡣᆅᙧ➼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ EEZ ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜࡟ศࡅࡿࡢࡣᕪูⓗ 㸦discriminatory㸧࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌮⏤࠿ࡽ㸱㡯ࡢ๐ῶࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᥦ᱌࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⌧᫬ Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᒃఫ୙⬟࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊᑗ᮶ྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺❧ሙ࠿ࡽࡢ㈶ᡂㄽࡀ࠶ ࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏࡣࠊ➨㸲఍ᮇࡢ㠀බᘧ఍ྜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊྠᵝࡢ❧ሙࢆ࡜ࡿㅖᅜ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊྠ᮲㸱㡯 ࡢࠕᒾࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿつᐃࡢ๐㝖ࢆồࡵࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊἈࡢ㫽ᓥࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᮏᅵ࠿ࡽⴭࡋ ࡃ㞳ࢀ࡚ᡤᅾࡋࠊ࠿ࡘ↓ே࡛࠶ࡿᓥ࡟ࡶ EEZ ࡸ኱㝣Ჴࢆタᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊྠ᮲㡯࡟ࡼࡾጉࡆ ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᤼㝖ࡍࡿពᅗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯 ࡣ๐㝖ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

d. ௨ᚋࡢྛ఍ᮇ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウࡀᘬࡁ⥆ࡁ⾜ࢃࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࡀศ㢮ὴ ࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽ෌୕୺ᙇࡉࢀࡓ࡟ࡶᣊࡽࡎࠊ➨஧ጤဨ఍ጤဨ㛗ࡀࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ウ㆟ࡍ࡭ࡁ ࠿ྰ࠿ࡢ㉁ၥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ㈶ྰ୧ㄽࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟ศ࠿ࢀࠊ⤖ᒁࡑࡢᚋసᡂࡉࢀࡓࠕ㠀බᘧ⤫ྜ ஺΅ⲡ᱌ࠖ㸦ICNT㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢᚋࡢࠕ᮲⣙ⲡ᱌ࠖ㸦Draft Convention㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ ࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖࡢ᮲ᩥ᱌࡟ࡣఱࡽࡢಟṇࡶຍ࠼ࡽࢀࡎ࡟ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸯࣭㸰࣭㸱 㡯ࡀ☜ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᑠ⏣⁠ᩍᤵࡣࠊࠕ㡿ᾏࡢሙྜࡣ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃࠊἢᓊᅜࡢ᤼ ௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡸ኱㝣Ჴቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟ᙜࡓࡗ࡚ᓥࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព࿡ࢆࡶࡘ࠿ࡣࠊ⌮ㄽⓗၥ㢟࡛࠶ ࡿࡼࡾࡣྛᅜࡢ㉥〄ࠎ࡞⌧ᐇⓗ฼┈ࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓ⤒῭ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᭦࡟ࡲࡓᓥࡢᏑᅾࡣ᤼௚ⓗ ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡸ኱㝣Ჴࡢ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ไᗘࡢၥ㢟࡜㐪ࡗ࡚ࠊᴟ➃࡟ྛࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ≉Ṧ஦᝟ࢆࡣ ࡽࡴࡓࡵ࡟ࠊఱࡽ୍⯡໬࡬ࡢྜពࡶぢࡽࢀࡎࠊ⤫୍ⲡ᱌ࡢつᐃࡣᡭࢆࡩࢀࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊ ᮏ᮲⣙ࡢ᮲ᩥ࡟ࡦࡁࡘࡀࢀࡓ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡿࠖ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(19) ࡲࡓࠊ⡿ᅜࡢᾏὒἲᏛ⪅࢜ ࢵࢡࢫ࣐ࣥ㸦Oxman㸧ᩍᤵࡶࠊ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯ࡣྠ఍㆟ࡢ᭱⤊఍ᮇࡲ࡛ࠕத࠸ࡢ࠶ࡿࠖ 㸦controversial㸧ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ṧࡉࢀࡓ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡀ఍㆟ࡢṇ☜࡞ᐇែࡔࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

㸫㸫 㸲 ᓥࡢไᗘࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ a. ࠕᓥࠖࡢᐃ⩏ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡣᚑ᮶࠿ࡽࡢࠕᓥࠖࡢᐃ⩏ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࠕᓥࠖࡢศ㢮ࢆヨࡳࡓᥦ᱌ࡣ ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࠕᓥࠖࡢᐃ⩏ࡢ୰࡟ᙧ≧ࠊ኱ࡁࡉࠊேཱྀࡢከᐻ➼ࡢせ⣲ࢆ୍ษ ⪃៖ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕᓥࡢไᗘࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲ࡢつᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㸯㡯 ࡛ࡣࠊᓥ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡼ࠺࡜ཪࡣᑠᓥࠊᑠᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡢᓥ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᒾ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡼ࠺࡜ࠊ࠸࠿࡞ࡿᓥ ࡛࠶ࢀࠊࡑࢀࡀࠕ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ㝣ᆅ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊỈ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࠊ㧗₻᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶỈ㠃ୖ࡟ ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࠖ࡜࠸࠺㡿ᾏ᮲⣙࡛ᐃࡵࡽࢀࡓせ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍ㝈ࡾࠕᓥ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ෌☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᓥࡀ᭱኱ᖜ㸯㸰ᾏ㔛ࡢ㡿ᾏࢆᙜ↛࡟タᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣ␗ㄽࡣ࡞࠸࡜ ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ EEZ࣭኱㝣Ჴ➼ࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊྠ᮲ 㸰㡯࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᚑ᮶࠿ࡽᅜ㝿ἲୖㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࠕᓥࡢ㡿ᾏࠊ᥋⥆Ỉᇦࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒ ῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࡣࠊ௚ࡢ㡿ᅵ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡇࡢ᮲⣙ࡢつᐃ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡿࠖࡇ࡜࡜ࡉ ࢀࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ㝈ࡾ࡛ࡣࠊᓥࡢᐃ⩏࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢỴᐃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣᓥࡢศ㢮 ࢆㄆࡵ࡞࠸୍ᣓㄽࡢ❧ሙࡀᢎㄆࡉࢀࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨㸴᮲ࡣ♋㸦reefs㸧࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸つᐃࢆタࡅࠊࠕ⎔♋ࡢୖ࡟఩⨨ ࡍࡿᓥཪࡣ〈♋ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿᓥࡢሙྜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ(in the case of islands situated on atolls or of islands having fringing reefs)ࠊ㡿ᾏࡢᖜࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ⥺ࡣࠊἢᓊᅜࡀබㄆࡍࡿᾏᅗୖ࡟ 㐺ᙜ࡞グྕ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡿ♋ࡢᾏഃࡢప₻⥺࡜ࡍࡿࠖࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢつᐃࡣࠕ♋ࠖ⮬యࡢᇶ⥺ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢつᐃ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࠕ⎔♋ࡢୖ࡟࠶ࡿ࠿ཪࡣ〈♋ࢆࡶࡘᓥࡢሙྜࠖࡢ㡿ᾏࡢᇶ⥺࡟ࡘ ࠸࡚ᐃࡵࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢつᐃࡣ༡ኴᖹὒ㸲࢝ᅜ᱌࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊྠ᱌࡛ࡣࠊ ࠕ⎔♋ࡢሙྜཪࡣ〈♋ࢆࡶࡘᓥࡢሙྜ࡟ࠊ㡿ᾏࡢᖜࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ⥺ࡣࠊබㄆࡍࡿᾏᅗ ୖ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡿ♋ࡢᾏഃࡢ➃࡜ࡍࡿࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡀࠊ᪂᮲⣙࡛ࡣࠕ⎔♋ࡢሙྜࠖ⮬యࢆ ၥ㢟࡜ࡏࡎࠊࡲࡓࠕᾏഃ࡟➃ࠖࢆࠕప₻⥺ࠖ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ♋⮬యࡣࠊ㧗₻᫬࡟Ỉ㠃ୖ ࡟࠶ࢁ࠺࡜Ỉ୰࡟ἐࡋ࡚࠸ࡼ࠺࡜ࠊᓥ࡜ప₻㧗ᆅ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲⣙つᐃ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ᇶ⥺ࡀᘬ࠿ࢀࡿ ࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒ㸲࢝ᅜ᱌ࡢࡼ࠺࡟♋⮬యࡀ⮬ືⓗ࡟㡿ᾏᇶ⥺ࡢᇶⅬ࡜࡞ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ ࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ༡ኴᖹὒㅖᅜࡢᥦ᱌࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㸦ᓥ࡜ࡣ↓㛵ಀࡢ㸧⎔♋ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡶࠊ♋ࡢᾏഃ ࡢ➃ࢆ㡿ᾏᇶ⥺࡜ࡍࡿⓎ᝿ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣὀ┠ࡋ࡚ࡼ࠸ࠋ࠸ࡎࢀ࡟ࡏࡼࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢ ᪂ࡋ࠸᮲ᩥ㸦㸴᮲㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᓥࢆࡶࡘ♋ࡢᾏഃࡢప₻⥺࠿ࡽ㡿ᾏࡀ ᐃࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࢀ ࡤࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᮾᑠᓥ࡜໭ᑠᓥࢆྵࡴ༟♋ࡢࠊప₻᫬࡟Ỉ㠃ୖ࡟⌧ࢀࡿ♋ࡢෆ㒊ࡣᅜ 㝿ἲୖࠕෆỈࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᆅ఩ࢆ᭷ࡋࠊࡑࡢእഃࡢ㡿ᾏ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟᪥ᮏࡢᅜᐙ㡿ᇦࡢ୍㒊࡜ࡋ࡚ ఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

b.ࠕᒾࠖࡢᴫᛕ࡜ᆅ఩ ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᓥࡢᐃ⩏࡟ࡣࠊ኱ࡁࡉ࣭ேཱྀ➼ࡢせ⣲ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊᅜ㐃 ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡣࠕே㛫ࡀ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ᒃఫ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ཪࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࢆ⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᒾ 㸦rocks㸧ࡣࠊ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ࡍࡿࠖ㸦➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ ࠕᒾࠖࢆ≉ู࡟ᢅࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᓥࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠕ㛫᥋ⓗ࡟ࠖ᮲⣙୰࡟ṧ ࡉࢀࡓ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿࠋ(20) ᪤㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࠕᒾࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇࡢつᐃࡣࠊ⤒῭⏕ά➼ࡢせ௳ࢆ‶ ࡓࡉ࡞࠸ࠕᒾࠖ࡟ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᗈ኱࡞⟶㎄Ỉᇦࢆ௜୚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆྰᐃࡍࡿ⪃࠼᪉ ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶබᘧグ㘓࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠕᒾࠖ࡜ࡣఱ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ

㸫㸫 ㆟ㄽࡣ఍㆟࡛Ṥ࡝࡞ࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡋࠊࡲࡓᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ඲ࡃᐃ⩏ࡀୗࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡞࠸ࠋ၏୍ࡑࡢᐃ⩏࡟ゝཬࡋࡓศ㢮ὴࡢ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝㸯㸲࢝ᅜ᱌ࡣࠊࠕᒾ࡜ࡣ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ ᒾ≧ࡢ㧗ᆅ㸦rocky elevation of ground㸧࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊỈ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࠊ㧗₻᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶỈ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ ࡿࡶࡢࢆ࠸࠺ࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ୍✀ࡢᚠ⎔ㄽ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡲࡾ᭷⏝࡞ᐃ⩏࡛࠶ࡿ ࡜ࡣᛮࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ➨㸯㡯ࡢࠕᓥࠖ࡜➨㸱㡯ࡢࠕᒾࠖ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ୧⪅ࢆ⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡿ⪃࠼࡜ษࡾ㞳ࡍ ⪃࠼࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ๓⪅࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊࠕᒾࠖࡣ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸯㡯࡟࠸࠺ࠕᓥࠖࡢᴫᛕ࡟ໟᦤࡉࢀࡿࡶ ࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕᒾࠖࡣ㧗₻᫬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶỈ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡿ㝣ᆅࡢࠕᴟᑠ✺㉳ࠖ࡜⌮ゎࡉࢀࡼ࠺ࠋ➹ ⪅ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊᏛㄝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ୧⪅ࢆ⤖ࡧ௜ࡅࡿ❧ሙࡀከ࠸ࡀࠊࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᚋ⪅ࡢ⪃࠼࡟ ࡼࢀࡤࠊ➨㸱㡯ࡣࠕᓥ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃࠕᒾࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡔࡅࡢつᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿࠋἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸ ࡚᪥ᮏᨻᗓࡀ᥇ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ❧ሙࡣࡇࡢゎ㔘࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋྠᓥࡣ➨㸯㡯ࡢࠕᓥࠖࡢせ௳ࢆ‶ ࡓࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡋ࠿ࡶࠕᒾࠖࡢᐃ⩏ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊᅜᐙᐇ⾜࠿ࡽࡳ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࡢつᐃ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚≉ᐃࡢᆅ ᙧࡀ EEZ ཪࡣ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡋ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿ᰿ᣐ࡟ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࠊࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡛࠶ࡿࠋ(21) ௚᪉࡛ࠊࠕᒾࠖࢆᆅ㉁Ꮫⓗព࿡ࡢࠕᒾ▼ࠖ㸦౛࠼ࡤࠊ◳㉁࡞኱㝣ᆅ┙࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ㸧 ࡜ゎ㔘ࡍࡿぢゎࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ(22) ࡇࢀࡣࠊ᮲⣙つᐃࡢゎ㔘࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࠕ㏻ᖖࡢ᮲ᩥࡢព࿡ࠖ࠿ࡽ ṇᙜ࡞ゎ㔘ࢆᘬࡁฟࡑ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᒾࡢゎ㔘ࡣ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯ࡀᤄධࡉ ࢀࡓ㊃᪨࡟ᚲࡎࡋࡶྜ⮴ࡍࡿ࡜ࡣᛮࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡶࡋࡇࡢゎ㔘࡟ᚑ࠺࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ ࡼ࠺࡞༟♋ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊྎ≧ࢆ࡞ࡍᑠᓥࠊ♋ࠊᒾ♋➼ࡣ➨㸱㡯ࡢࠕᒾࠖ࡟ࡣヱᙜࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ ࡞ࡿࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊᒃఫཪࡣ⤒῭⏕άࡢせ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜ࡣ↓㛵ಀ࡟ࠊࡑࢀ⮬యࡢ EEZ ཬ ࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࢁ࠺ࠋ

c. ࠕே㛫ࡢᒃఫࠖཪࡣࠕ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࠖࡢព࿡ ࠕே㛫ࡢᒃఫཪࡣ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺せ௳ࡶ୙᫂☜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࢀࡽ஧ࡘࡢせ௳ࡀ࡜ࡶ࡟ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊே㛫ࡢᒃఫࠕཪࡣࠖ⤒῭⏕ά ࡢ⥔ᣢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࠊࡑࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿ࢆ‶ࡓࡏࡤࡼ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࠕᒃఫࡋ࡞࠸ࠖ ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡚ࠕᒃఫࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᩥゝ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࠊ⌧࡟ே㛫ࡀᒃఫࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ ࡜ࡣせồࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ↓ேࡢᓥ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊே㛫ࡢᒃఫࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿ᮲௳ࡀᩚ࠼ࡤ EEZ ཬ ࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆタᐃࡋᚓࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋྠᵝ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࠕ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࠖ࡜࠸࠺せ௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡔࡀࠊලయⓗ࡟ࡑࡢព࿡ࢆ☜ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣⴭࡋࡃᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ⥔ᣢࠖ㸦sustain㸧 ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ୙᫂░࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⮬↛ࡢ⥔ᣢࢆᣦࡍࡢ࠿ᆅ⌮ⓗ≧ἣࢆᣦࡍࡢ࠿ࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ ➨୕ḟᾏὒἲ఍㆟ࡢබᘧ㆟஦㘓ࢆぢࡿ㝈ࡾࠊࠕᒾࠖࡢሙྜ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊᒃఫࡸ⤒῭⏕άࡢព࿡ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚༑ศ࡞ㄽ㆟ࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡣゝ࠸㞴ࡃࠊ᪤㏙ࡢࡈ࡜ࡃࠊഹ࠿࡟ࢺࣝࢥ௦⾲ࡀࠊࠕ⯟⾜ ᶒཬࡧ㌷࣭㆙ᐹ᪋タࡣ EEZ タᐃࡢࡓࡵࡢ༑ศ࡞ṇᙜ໬࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ(23) ௚᪉ࠊᏛㄝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣㅖㄝᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯ࡢࠕே㛫ࡢᒃఫࠖཪࡣࠕ⊂⮬ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࠖ࡜࠸࠺せ௳ࡣࠊ1934 ᖺ࡟ࣇࣛࣥ ࢫࡢᅜ㝿ἲᏛ⪅ G.ࢪࢹࣝࡀୗࡋࡓࠕᓥࠖࡢᐃ⩏ࡢ㒊ศⓗ࡞ࠕ᚟ά࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ホࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢᐃ⩏࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊࠕᓥ࡜ࡣࠊ⮬↛࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓᾏୖࡢ㝣ᆅ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊỈ࡟ᅖࡲࢀࠊ㧗₻᫬ ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶᜏஂⓗ࡟Ỉ㠃ୖ࡟࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ⮬↛ࡢ≧ែࡀ⤌⧊ⓗ࡞ே㛫ࡢ㞟ᅋࡢᏳᐃࡋࡓᒃఫࢆ ࡶࡓࡽࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦dont les conditions naturelles permettent la residence stable de groupes humains organises㸧ࠖ㸦ୗ⥺➹⪅㸧ࠋ(24) ࢪࢹࣝࡣࠊᒃఫྍ⬟ᛶࡣ஦ᐇࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ド᫂ࡉ

㸫㸫 ࢀࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࡢᒃఫ⬟ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㆟ㄽࡣ㑊ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᬻᐃⓗ࡞ᒃఫࠊ౛࠼ ࡤ୍ᐃᏘ⠇࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⁺Ẹཪࡣㄪᰝᅋࡢゼၥ➼ࡣࠊ⤌⧊໬ࡉࢀࡓே㛫㞟ᅋࡢࠕᏳᐃⓗᒃఫࠖ࡜ ࠸࠺ᇶ‽࡟↷ࡽࡋ࡚༑ศ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࡎࢀ࡟ࡏࡼࠊᒃఫᛶࡢᇶ‽ࡣ༨᭷ᨭ㓄࡜࠸࠺ せ௳ࡼࡾࡶཝ᱁࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ➨୍ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㡿ᾏ᮲⣙➨㸯㸮᮲ࡢ ᑂ㆟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㸦ᐇ㝿ୖࡢཪࡣ₯ᅾⓗ࡞㸧ᒃఫྍ⬟ᛶࡢᇶ‽ࡣఱࡽᑟධࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗ ࡓࠋ(25) ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯ࡢゎ㔘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᾏỈࡢῐỈ໬ࣉࣛࣥࢺཪࡣⅉྎࡢタ ⨨ࡣࡑࢀ⮬య࡛ࡣᓥࢆᒃఫྍ⬟࡜ࡏࡎࠊࡲࡓࠊㄪᰝ⪅࣭ᢏ⾡⪅ࡢὴ㐵ࡶࠕᒃఫࠖ࡜ࡣ┳೴ࡉ ࢀ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿぢゎࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ(26) ࡲࡓࠊBowett ࡣࠊࠕ⊂⮬ࡢࠖ㸦of their own㸧࡜࠸࠺せ௳ࢆཝ ᱁࡟ゎࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ௚ࡢ㝣ᆅ㡿ᅵ࠿ࡽࡢ㈨※㸦resources㸧࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ᒾ࡟ேᕤⓗ࡞⤒῭⏕άࢆᑟ ධࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࠊᒾࡣ EEZ ࡸ኱㝣Ჴࢆྰᐃࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠾ࡾࠊ(27) ࡇࢀࡣࠊࢪࢹࣝࡢ࠸࠺ࠕ⮬↛ࡢ≧ែࠖ㸦conditions naturelles㸧ࡢせ௳ࢆ᚟άࡉࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡜࠸࠼ ࡼ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࢪࢹࣝࡢᓥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿぢゎࡣ㸯㸷㸱㸮ᖺ௦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥ࡜㡿ᾏࡢ㛵ಀࢆᛕ㢌࡟ධ ࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓྂ඾ⓗ࡞ࠕᓥࠖࡢᴫᛕࢆࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢⓎ㐩ࡋࡓ௒᪥ࡢᣑ኱ࡉࢀࡓ㡿ᾏࠊ EEZࠊ኱㝣Ჴ➼࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟࠾࠸࡚᥼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀጇᙜ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿␲ࢃࡋ࠸㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢཝ᱁࡞ゎ㔘࡜ࡣ཯ᑐ࡟ࠊࡑࡇࡀ⯟㊰ࢆ♧ࡍ㐨ල࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡸẼ㇟ ㈨ᩱࡢ཰㞟ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᐃᮇⓗ࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ࡞࡝ࡀ➨㸱㡯ࡢせ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍሙྜ࡜ࡋ࡚⫯ ᐃⓗ࡟ゎ㔘ࡋࡓࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊⱝᖸࡢᓥᅜ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣᅜᐙⓎᒎࡢཎືຊ࡜࡞ࡿせ⣲ࡀࡶࡗࡥࡽᾏ ὒ㈨※࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡼࡾᗈ࠸ᾏᇦࡢ☜ಖࡇࡑ⤒῭⏕ά⮬య࡟⧅ࡀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ࠾ࡼࡑࡍ ࡭࡚ࡢᒾࢆྵࡴᓥࡀ⤒῭⏕άࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠊ࡜ࡶ࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᒃఫ࡟ࡏࡼ⤒῭⏕ά࡟ࡏࡼࠊ⌧ ᐇࡢ≧ἣ࡜ྍ⬟ᛶࡢ≧ἣ࡜ࡢ༊ูࡀ᭕᫕࡟ṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࡀࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡀᛴ㏿࡟㐍Ṍ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⌧ᅾࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࡑࡢ༊ูࢆ᫂☜໬ࡋࡁࢀࡿ࠿ࡣ␲ၥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋே㛫ᒃఫࡶ⤒῭⏕άࡶ ᡂ❧ࡋ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡀࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢⓎ㐩࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ஦ែࡶ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡼ ࠺ࠋᑠ⏣⁠ᩍᤵࡶࠊࠕே㛫ࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ᒃఫࡲࡓࡣࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡢ⤒῭⏕άࢆ⥔ᣢ࡛ࠗࡁ࡞࠸࠘࡜ ࠸࠺ࡢࡣఱࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ࠿ࠋࠗ⌧ᅾ࠘ㄡࡶᒃఫࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⤒῭⏕άࡀ⥔ᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡜ࡣู࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⛉Ꮫ࣭ᢏ⾡ࡢ㐍Ṍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࡇࡢᇶ‽ࡢᐇ㝿ⓗ࡞ 㐺⏝ࡣኚ໬ࡋ࡚ࡺࡃࡇ࡜ࡶၥ㢟ࢆᅔ㞴࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ(28) ⤖ᒁࠊᓥཪࡣᒾࢆ ༊ูࡍࡿᅜ㝿ἲୖࡢ᫂☜࡞ᇶ‽ࡀ࡞ࡃࠊ᭦࡟ࠕே㛫ࡢᒃఫࠖࡸࠕ⤒῭⏕άࡢ⥔ᣢࠖࡢἲⓗᴫ ᛕ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᅜ㝿ⓗྜពࡶ࡞࠸≧ἣ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࢆ㸯㸰㸯᮲㸯㡯ࡢᓥ࡜ࡋ࡚ㄆᐃࡋࠊ ྠ᮲㸰㡯࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࢆタᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ┤ࡕ࡟᮲⣙つᐃ࡟཯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ ࡞࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊࠕᒾࠖࢆࠕᓥࠖࡢ୍✀࡜ࡋ࡚⌮ゎࡍࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡀ㸱㡯ࡢ ࠕᒾࠖ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣ࢔ࣉࣜ࢜ࣜ࡟Ỵᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

d.ࠕᒾࠖࡢつ๎࡜ EEZ࣭኱㝣Ჴࡢᅜ㝿ἲ⌮࡜ࡢᩚྜᛶ ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯࡟࠸࠺ࠕᒾࠖ࡟ EEZ ࡸ኱㝣Ჴࢆྰᐃࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡣࠊᚑ᮶࠿ࡽࡢᅜ㝿ἲ⌮࡟ᑐ ࡍࡿ㔜኱࡞ಟṇ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ㸱㡯࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᓥࡢ EEZ࣭኱㝣Ჴࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆつไࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ ࡣࠊᙜヱᓥࡢୖ࡟ἢᓊ♫఍㸦coastal communities㸧ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ṇᙜ໬ࡉࢀࡿሙྜ ࡟ࡢࡳྜἲⓗ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ᰿ᣐࡀ㝣ᆅ㡿ᅵ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୺ᶒ࠿ࡽὴ⏕ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ ࡞ࡃࠊἢᓊᅜᶒ⬟ࢆᇶ┙࡜ࡋࡓᶵ⬟ⓗᴫᛕ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢⅬࡣࠊ≉࡟኱ 㝣Ჴࡢἲ⌮࡜ṇ㠃࠿ࡽ⾪✺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡶࡋ኱㝣Ჴࢆ㝣ᆅࡢࠕ⮬↛ᘏ㛗ࠖ࡜ࡍࡿἲ⌮ࡀ

㸫㸫 ᅜ㝿ἲࡢ୍⯡ⓗືྥ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤ㸦㸯㸷㸴㸷ᖺࡢ໭ᾏ኱㝣Ჴ஦௳࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅜ㝿ྖἲ⿢ุᡤ ุỴཧ↷㸧ࠊᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ㸱㡯ࡢࠕᒾࠖ࡟௜ࡉࢀࡓே㛫ࡢᒃఫࡸ⤒῭⏕άࡢ⥔ᣢ࡜࠸ࡗࡓせ௳ ࡣࠊ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ഴྥ࡜ἲ⌮ୖࡢᩚྜᛶࢆḞࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡟࠾࠸࡚ ࡶ኱㝣Ჴไᗘ࡟ࡘࡁ⮬↛ᘏ㛗ㄽࡀ᥇⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊࡶࡋᒾࡀᓥࡢ୍✀࡛࠶ࡿ ࡞ࡽࡤࠊᒾ࡟㛵ࡍࡿつ๎ࡣ୍⯡ᅜ㝿ἲࡢ₻ὶ࡟ἢ࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ྰ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ័⩦ἲ࠿ ࡽࡢ᮲⣙ୖࡢ㐓⬺࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡳᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࠋ᥮ゝࡍࢀࡤࠊEEZ ࡸ኱㝣Ჴࡢタᐃ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࢆ㝣ᆅ㡿ᅵ࡜ྠ୍࡟ྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ᚑ᮶࠿ࡽࡢ୍⯡ⓗつ๎ࡀࠊ㸱㡯ࡢ つ๎࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚ᭦ࡉࢀࡓ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊኚ᭦ࡉࢀࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࡀ⪃ᐹࢆせࡍࡿၥ㢟࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋ

e. ᾏὒࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡜ᓥࡢไᗘ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ ᪤㏙ࡢࡈ࡜ࡃࠊ➨୕ḟᾏὒἲ఍㆟ࡢᑂ㆟㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊ ᓥࡢไᗘࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡣู࡟ࠊḟ➨࡟ EEZ ཬࡧ኱㝣Ჴࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡢၥ㢟୍⯡࡟྾཰ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᓥࡢไᗘࡣࠊᓥࡢ⟶㎄ᾏᇦ㸦ᾏᗏࢆྵࡴ㸧࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᤼௚ⓗ࡞ᶒ฼ࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࠊᓥ ࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡣࠊ㏆㞄ㅖᅜ࡜ࡢᾏᇦࡢቃ⏺ࢆ⏬ᐃࡍࡿᇶ⥺࡜ࡋ࡚ᓥࢆ฼┈⾮㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿၥ 㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࠊᮏ᮶୧⪅ࡣㄽ⌮ⓗ࡟ࡶἲⓗ࡟ࡶ༊ูࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊEEZ ཪࡣ ኱㝣Ჴࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡀᓥࡢᏑᅾࢆྵࡴሙྜ࡟ࠊྜពࡉࢀࡓቃ⏺⏬ᐃ༠ᐃ➼࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᓥࡢ࿘㎶ ᾏᇦ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᶒ฼ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⟶㎄ᾏᇦࡢ⠊ᅖࡀ㛵ಀᅜ㛫࡛ᐜㄆࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ 㝈ࡾ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ≉ᐃࡢᓥࢆࡵࡄࡿቃ⏺⏬ᐃࡣࠊ࿘㎶⟶㎄ᾏᇦ࡟ᑐࡍࡿἲⓗ㈨᱁࡟㛵ࡍࡿᓥࡢ ไᗘ࡜඲ࡃ↓㛵ಀ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼࡞࠸ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ㸯㸷㸶㸮ᖺࡢ⡿ᅜ࣭࣋ࢿࢬ࢚ࣛ㛫ࡢᾏὒቃ ⏺༠ᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢔࣋ࢫᓥ㸦Aves Island㸧ࡣᴟࡵ࡚ᑠࡉ࡞ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢᓥ࡛࠿ࡘே㛫ࡢᒃఫᛶࢆ Ḟࡃᓥ࡛࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊቃ⏺⏬ᐃୖࠕ඲㒊ຠᯝࠖࢆ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ࣋ࢿࢬ࢚ࣛࡣ㸯㸷㸶 㸱ᖺ࡟ࡶࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡜ྠᵝࡢ༠ᐃࢆ⥾⤖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ༠ᐃ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ㏆㞄ㅖᅜ ࡣྠᓥࡀᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯࡟㐪཯ࡍࡿ࡜୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦࣋ࢿࢬ࢚ࣛࡣྠ᮲㸱㡯 ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㓄៖࠿ࡽྠᓥ࡟ᜏஂⓗ࡞◊✲ᇶᆅࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓ㸧ࠋ(29)

㸦㸳㸧ㅖᅜࡢᐇ⾜ ௒᪥ࠊከࡃࡢᅜࡣᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯ࡢᓥࡢศ㢮ࢆ᥇⏝ࡏࡎࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᓥ࡟ EEZ ࢆ୺ᙇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿࠋ஦᝟ࡣ኱㝣Ჴ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝ࡛ࠊࠕᐇ⾜࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅜᐙࡣࠊ ᓥᅜ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜Ἀྜᓥᕋࢆࡶࡘ኱㝣ᅜᐙ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜ࠊ⮬ᅜࡢᓥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ኱㝣Ჴࡢᶒ฼ࢆ୺ᙇ ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠖࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᅜᐙࡀྜព࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠕᒾࠖ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚኱㝣Ჴࡢไ㝈ⓗ࡞㓄ศࢆ⾜ ࡗࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᒾࡀ኱㝣Ჴࢆࡶࡘ㈨᱁ࢆ඲ࡃྰᐃࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞୍⯡ⓗ័⾜ࢆぢฟࡍࡢࡣ ᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ↓ேࡢᓥ࡟ EEZ ➼ࢆタᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿලయⓗ࡞ㅖᅜࡢᐇ⾜ࡢෆᐜ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᭱㏆ᡃࡀᅜ࠾࠸࡚ㄪᰝ࣭◊✲ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ(30) ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣヲࡋࡃゐࢀ࡞࠸ ࡀࠊẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ࠸ᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ EEZ ࡸ኱㝣Ჴࢆタᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᅜᐙ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣇࣛࣥࢫࠊⱥᅜࠊ᪥ᮏࠊ ⡿ᅜࠊ࣋ࢿࢬ࢚ࣛࠊࣀ࢙࣮ࣝ࢘➼ࡀୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᅜࡢᅜᐙᐇ⾜ࡣࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ ᅜ㝿♫఍ࡢ୍⯡ⓗືྥࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᑠࡉ࡞ᓥࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᗈ኱࡞⟶㎄ᾏᇦࡢタᐃ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡋ࡚≉࡟Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡟ᑐ ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏࡢᅜᐙᐇ⾜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊእᅜࡢᅜ㝿ἲᏛ⪅ࡢㄽᩥࡢ୰࡟➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯࡟㐪཯ࡍࡿ ࡜࠸࠺ᢈุࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᪥ᮏࡀ㸯㸷㸵㸵ᖺ࡟ᬻᐃ⁺ᴗỈᇦἲ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸰㸮㸮ᾏ㔛ࡢࠕ⁺ᴗỈᇦࠖ

㸫㸫 ࢆἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࿘㎶࡟タᐃࡋࡓ᫬ࡶࠊࡲࡓ㸯㸷㸷㸴ᖺ࡟㸰㸮㸮ᾏ㔛ࡢࠕ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࠖࢆྠᾏ ᇦ࡟タᐃࡋࡓ᫬ࡶỿ㯲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ୰ᅜࡀࠊྠᅜࡢᏳ඲ಖ㞀ୖࡢ┠ⓗ࡛⾜࠺⛉Ꮫㄪᰝࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ ྠᅜⰄ⯪ࡀἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࿘㎶ࡢ⟶㎄ᾏᇦ࡟❧ࡕධࡿ஦ែࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡇ࡜ࢆዎᶵ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲ 㸱㡯㐪཯ࢆ⌮⏤࡟᪥ᮏࡢᐇ⾜࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᢈุࡢኌࢆୖࡆࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࿘▱ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭦࡟ࠊᓥ ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅖᅜࡢᐇ⾜ࡢ୰࡟ࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⌧≧࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᚲࡎࡋࡶ᭷฼࡜ࡣ࠸࠼࡞࠸஦౛ࡶฟ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊⱥᅜࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࣟࢵࢥ࣮ࣝ㸦Rockall㸧ᓥ࿘㎶࡟㸰㸮㸮ᾏ㔛ࡢ⁺ᴗỈᇦࢆタᐃ ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡬ࡢຍධࡢ㝿࡟ࠊⱥᅜࡢ⁺ᴗỈᇦࡢ෌ᐃ⩏ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿ⌮⏤࡜ ࡋ࡚ࠊ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯ࡢୗ࡛ࠊྠᓥࡀ⁺ᴗỈᇦࡢࡓࡵࡢ᭷ຠ࡞㉳Ⅼ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿኌ᫂ࢆ௜ ࡋࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࡇࢀࡣ⁺ᴗỈᇦࡢࡳ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢᥐ⨨࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟␃ពࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࡎࢀ ࡟ࡏࡼࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙యไࡣጞືࡋࡓࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ␃ពࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅖ ᅜࡢᐇ⾜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭦࡟ㄪᰝ࣭◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚⾜ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

࠾ࢃࡾ࡟㹼௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡢෆᐜࡣࠊᗄࡘ࠿ࡢᮍ᮶ᚿྥⓗ࡞㠃ࢆྵࡴ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ㘒⥈ࡍࡿㅖᅜࡢᾏὒ ฼ᐖ࡜୺ᙇࢆጇ༠࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ㄪᩚࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ㠃ࡶከࠎ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃 ᾏὒἲ఍㆟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ஺΅ࡢ᭕᫕࡞Ỵ╔࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿ୙᫂☜࡞つᐃࡸ␗࡞ࡿゎ㔘ࢆᐜㄆࡍࡿつᐃ ࢆᑡ࡞࠿ࡽࡎ⏕ࡴࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ➨㸯㸰㸯᮲ࡢつᐃࠊ≉࡟ࡑࡢ㸱㡯ࡶࡑ࠺ ࡋࡓつᐃࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ఍㆟࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑂ㆟㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㠀බᘧ఍ྜࡢከ⏝ࡢࡓࡵࠊᓥࡢไᗘ ࡟㛵ࡍࡿཧຍᅜ㛫ࡢ᮲ᩥసᡂ஺΅ࡢヲ⣽࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ୙᫂࡞㒊ศࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᮏ✏࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࡇ ࡢၥ㢟ࡢᑂ㆟⤒⦋࡟ぢࡽࢀࡓᇶᮏⓗதⅬࡢᡤᅾࡣᴫࡡ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᪂ࡋ࠸ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙యไࡢୗ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢ୰᰾ࢆ࡞ࡍ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡢไᗘ࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿ ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᗈ኱࡞⟶㎄ᾏᇦ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨭ㓄࣭⟶⌮ࡢᶒ฼ࡀἢᓊᅜ࡟ᐜㄆࡉࢀࡓ୍᪉࡛ࠊἢᓊᅜᶒ ⬟ࡀබᾏ࣭῝ᾏᗏࡢᅜ㝿ⓗ㡿ᇦ࡟ࡲ࡛౵㣗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵࡢᅜ㝿ⓗไᗘࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࡣᵓ ⠏ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᾏὒၥ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㝣࠿ࡽᾏ࡬ࡢⓎ᝿࡜ᾏ࠿ࡽ㝣࡬ࡢⓎ᝿ࡢ┦ ඞࡣᮍࡔ⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ≧ἣࡢ୰࡛ࠊἢᓊᅜࡢἈྜ࡬ࡢ୺ᶒⓗᶒ฼࡜ ⟶㎄ᶒࡢᣑ኱ࢆㄆࡵࡿᓥࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ㧗ࡲࡿ཯㠃ࠊࡑࢀࢆ㜼Ṇࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿືࡁࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ ࡲࡓṆࡴࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋྛᅜࡢ฼ᐖ㛵ಀࡀ」㞧࠿ࡘࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢵࢡ࡟⤡ࡴ᪂ࡋ࠸ᅜ㝿ᾏ ὒἲ⛛ᗎࡢᙧᡂ࣭Ⓨᒎࡢ㏵ୖ࡟࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊᓥࡢไᗘࡶࡲࡓᙧᡂ㏵ୖ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ ࡞࠸ࠋᓥࡢไᗘࡢ᭕᫕࠿ࡘ୙᫂░࡞㒊ศࡀ௒ᚋࡢㅖᅜࡢᅜ㝿ἲᐇ㊶ࡢ୰࡛ḟ➨࡟᫂☜໬ࡉࢀ ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡶࠊ௒ᚋࡢㅖᅜࡢᅜᐙᐇ⾜ࡢ㞟✚࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜ 㝿ἲࡢⓎᒎࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡑࡇ࡟ᡃࡀᅜࡀᓥࡢᅜ㝿ἲไᗘࡢᙧᡂ࡜Ⓨᒎ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ ᅜ㝿♫఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕඛᑟⓗ࡞ᙺ๭ࠖࢆᯝࡓࡋ࠺ࡿవᆅࡀ࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡑ࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᾏὒ࡟㛵 ࡍࡿᅜ㝿⛛ᗎࡢᙧᡂ࣭Ⓨᒎ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ඛᑟⓗᙺ๭ࢆᢸ࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᪨࡜ࡍࡿࠕᾏὒᇶᮏἲࠖࡢᇶᮏ ⓗ⌮ᛕ࡟ྜ⮴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨㸯㸰㸯᮲ࠊ≉࡟ࡑࡢ㸱㡯ࡢ୙᫂☜࡞ෆᐜ࡟ ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ⌧௦ࡢ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡟↷ࡽࡋ࡚᪂ࡋ࠸ගࢆᙜ࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪥ᮏࡀᓥ ᅜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ❧ሙࢆᙉㄪࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ༡ኴᖹὒࡸ࢝ࣜࣈᾏ➼ࡢㅖᅜ࡜㐃ᖏࡋ࡚ࠊᓥࡢไᗘ ࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ඹ㏻ࡢㄆ㆑ࢆ῝ࡵࡓࡾࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ᅜ㝿ⓗྜព࡟ࡼࡿ⿵᏶ⓗ࡞ᅜ㝿ἲつ⠊ࡢᑟ ධࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀࡓࠊᅜ㝿ୡㄽࡢᙧᡂࢆᅗࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡼ࠺ࠋ␃ពࡍ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ༢ ࡟ᾏὒ㈨※ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝ࡢࡓࡵࡢỈᇦࢆࠕᅖ࠸㎸ࡴࠖࡓࡵࡔࡅࡢἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ఩⨨࡙ࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞

㸫㸫 ࡃࠊᾏὒࡢ⥲ྜⓗ⟶⌮࡟ᑐࡍࡿᅜ㝿♫఍ࡢせㄳ࡟ᛂ࠼࡚ࠊᾏὒࡢࠕᣢ⥆ⓗ㛤Ⓨࠖࢆᇶ♏࡟ࠊ ᾏࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢㅖ᪋⟇ࢆ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ࡟ᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞ᣐⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᑗ᮶࡟ࡘࡁࠊᾏὒಖㆤ༊➼ࡢタᐃࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊྛศ㔝 ࡢᾏὒᑓ㛛ᐙ࡟ࡼࡿࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞๰ពᕤኵࡀせㄳࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᾏὒࡢ⥲ྜ ⓗ⟶⌮ࢆᶆᴶࡍࡿᡃࡀᅜࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ࠕᾏὒᇶᮏἲࠖࡢㄢ㢟ࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ཷࡅ࡜ࡵࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ ࠺ࠋ

[ὀ] (1) ᓥࡢၥ㢟ࡣ⩌ᓥࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡶ㛵㐃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⩌ᓥᅜ㸦ཬࡧ⩌ᓥỈᇦ㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᅜ㐃 ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙࡛ࡣ⊂❧ࡋࡓつ๎㸦➨ 4 㒊ࠕ⩌ᓥᅜࠖ㸧ࢆูಶ࡟つᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ ᓥࡢไᗘࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᢅࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ (2) Report of the International Law Commission Covering the Work of Eighth Session, 23 April~4 July 1956, U.N. Gen. Ass. Off. Rec. 11th Sess., Supp.No.(9A/3159),pp.16-17; II Yearbook of the International Law Commission 1956, pp.253,270. (3) OAUࠕᾏὒἲࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿ OAU ᐉゝࠖ㸦A/AC, 138/89㸧ࠊ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖ࠕ㡿ᾏ࡟㛵ࡍ ࡿ᮲⣙᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ㸦A/AC. 138/SC. II/L.24㸧ࠊ࣐ࣝࢱࠕᾏὒ✵㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿἢᓊᅜ⟶㎄ᶒࡢ⠊ ᅖ⏬ᐃཬࡧࡑࡢ⟶㎄ᶒࡢୗ࡟࠶ࡿ༊ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿἢᓊᅜࡢᶒ฼ཬࡧ⩏ົ࡟㛵ࡍࡿணഛⓗ᮲ ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/AC. 138/SC. II/L.28)ࠊࢠࣜࢩ࢔ࠕ➨㸯㸷㡯┠ࠊᓥࡢไᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ㸦A/AC. 138/SC. II/L.29㸧୰ᅜࠕ୰ᅜ௦⾲࡟ࡼࡾᥦฟࡉࢀࡓᅜᐙ⟶㎄ᶒࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟࠶ࡿᾏᇦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ సᴗᩥ᭩ࠖ㸦A/AC.138/SC. II/L.34㸧ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝㸯㸲࢝ᅜࠕ࢔ࣝࢪ࢙ࣜ࢔ࠊ࣓࣮࢝ࣝࣥࠊ ࣮࢞ࢼࠊ㇟∳ᾏᓊࠊࢣࢽ࢔ࠊࣜ࣋ࣜ࢔ࠊ࣐ࢲ࢞ࢫ࢝ࣝࠊ࣮ࣔࣜࢩࣕࢫࠊࢭࢿ࢞ࣝࠊࢩ࢚ ࣛࣞ࢜ࢿࠊࢯ࣐ࣜ࢔ࠊࢫ࣮ࢲࣥࠊࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔ཬࡧࢱࣥࢨࢽ࢔࡟ࡼࡾᥦฟࡉࢀࡓ᤼௚ⓗ⤒ ῭Ỉᇦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ㸦A/AC. 138/SC. II/L.53㸧ࠊ࣓࣮࢝ࣝࣥࠊࢣࢽ࢔ࠊ࣐ࢲ࢞ࢫ࢝ࣝࠊ ࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔ࠊࢺࣝࢥࠕ➨㸯㸷᮲ࠊᓥࡢไᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ㸦A/AC. 138/SC. II/L.437㸧ࠊ ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔ࠕ㞄᥋ᅜ㛫ࡢᾏᇦࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᓥࡢไᗘࡢ࠶ࡿ≉ᐃࡢഃ㠃࡟ 㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ㸦A/AC. 138/SC. II/L.58㸧. (4) ࢺࣝࢥࠕ㡿ᾏࡢ⠊ᅖ⏬ᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌㸸ྵࡲࢀࡿ✀ࠎࡢഃ㠃ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2.L.9), ࠕ㞄᥋ࡋཪࡣ┦ᑐࡍࡿᅜࡢ㛫ࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.34),ࠕᓥࡢ ไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.55)ࠊ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔ࠕ㞄᥋ࡋཬࡧ┦ᑐࡍࡿᅜࡢ㛫ࡢ ᾏὒ✵㛫ࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ୪ࡧ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ✀ࠎࡢഃ㠃࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.18)ࠊ ࠕᑠᓥཬࡧᑠᓥ࡟㢮ఝࡢᓥࡢᐃ⩏ཬࡧࡇࢀ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࡿไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ (A/CONF.62/C.2/L.53)ࠊࢠࣜࢩ࢔ࠕ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ㸦A/CONF.62/C.2./L.22㸧ࠊࠕ኱㝣Ჴ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.25)ࠊࠕ㡿ᾏࢆ㉺࠼ࡿ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ 㸦 A/CONF.62/C.2/L.32 㸧ࠊࠕᓥࡢไᗘཬࡧ௚ࡢ㛵㐃஦㡯࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ 㸦A/CONF.62/C.2/L.50㸧ࠊࣈࣝ࢞ࣜ࢔ࠊᮾࢻ࢖ࢶࠊ࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻࠊࢯ㐃ࠕ㡿ᾏ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.26)ࠊࢣࢽ࢔ࠊࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔ࠕ኱㝣Ჴཪࡣ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡢ⠊ᅖ⏬ ᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.28)ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒ㸲࢝ᅜ㸦ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥ ࢻࠊࢺࣥ࢞ࠊすࢧࣔ࢔㸧ࠕᓥཬࡧእᅜࡢ⤫἞ཪࡣᨭ㓄ୗ࡟࠶ࡿ㡿ᇦ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ (A/CONH.62/C.2/L.30)ࠊ᪥ᮏࠕ኱㝣Ჴ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ(ᨵゞ)᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.31 and Rev.1) ࠊ࢔࢖ࣝࣛࣥࢻࠕ㏆㞄ᅜ㛫ࡢ኱㝣Ჴᆅᇦࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ

㸫㸫 (A/CONF.62/C.2/L.43)ࠊ୰༡⡿㸯㸷࢝ᅜ㸦࢔ࣝࢮࣥࢳࣥࠊ࣎ࣜࣅ࢔ࠊࣈࣛࢪࣝࠊࢥࣟࣥࣅ ࢔ࠊࢥࢫࢱࣜ࢝ࠊ࣮࢟ࣗࣂࠊࢻ࣑ࢽ࢝ࠊ࢚ࢡ࢔ࢻࣝࠊ࢚ࣝࢧࣝࣂࢻࣝࠊࢢ࢔ࢸ࣐ࣛࠊ࣍ ࣥࢪࣗࣛࢫࠊࣜࣅ࢔ࠊ࣓࢟ࢩࢥࠊࣔࣟࢵࢥࠊࢽ࢝ࣛࢢ࢔ࠊࣃࢼ࣐ࠊࣃࣛࢢ࢔࢖ࠊ࣮࣌ࣝࠊ ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖㸧ࠕ᳜Ẹᆅᨭ㓄ཪࡣእᅜࡢ༨㡿ୗ࡟࠶ࡿᓥཬࡧ௚ࡢ㡿ᅵ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ (A/CONF.62/C.2/L.58)ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝㸷࢝ᅜ㸦࢔ࣝࢪ࢙ࣜ࢔ࠊ㇟∳ᾏᓊࠊ࣐ࣜࠊ࣮ࣔࣜࢩࣕࢫࠊ ࣮ࣔࣜࢱࢽ࢔ࠊࣔࣟࢵࢥࠊࢭࢿ࢞ࣝࠊࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔ࠊࢨࣥࣅ࢔㸧ࠕᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ ᱌ࠖ(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.62)ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝㸯㸲࢝ᅜ㸦࢔ࣝࢪ࢙ࣜ࢔ࠊࢲ࣓࣍ࠊࢠࢽ࢔ࠊ㇟∳ᾏ ᓊࠊࣜ࣋ࣜ࢔ࠊ࣐ࢲ࢞ࢫ࢝ࣝࠊ࣐ࣜࠊ࣮ࣔࣜࢱࢽ࢔ࠊࣔࣟࢵࢥࠊࢩ࢚ࣛࣞ࢜ࢿࠊࢫ࣮ࢲ ࣥࠊࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔ࠊ࣮࢜ࢺ࣎ࣝࢱࠊࢨࣥࣅ࢔㸧ࠕᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ (A/CONF.62/C.2/L.62/Rev.1)ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࠕ኱㝣Ჴཪࡣ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡢቃ⏺⏬ᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ (A/CONF.62/C.2/L.74)ࠊ࢘ࣝࢢ࢔࢖ࠕᓥࡢไᗘ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲ᩥ᱌ࠖ㸦A/CONF.62/C.2/L.75㸧ࠋ (5) Official Records,vol.III,p.285. (6) Official Records,vol.III,p.278. (7) Official Records,vol.III,p.281. (8) Official Records.vol.III,p.238. (9) Official Records,vol.III.p.287. (10) Official Records,vol.III,p.287. (11) Official Records,vol.III,p.279. (12) ࣮࣐ࣝࢽ࢔᱌(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.18 & L.53)ࠊ࢔࢖ࣝࣛࣥࢻ᱌(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.43)ࠊࢺࣝ ࢥ᱌㸦A/CONF.62/C.2/L.55)ࠊ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝㸯㸲࢝ᅜ᱌㸦A/CONF.62/C.2/L.62 & Rev.1㸧ࠋ࡞ ࠾ࠊᚋ⪅࡟ᒓࡍࡿᥦ᱌ࡣࠊࢺࣝࢥ᱌(A/CONF.62/C.2/L.9&L.34)ࠊࢣࢽ࢔ࠊࢳࣗࢽࢪ࢔᱌ (A/CONF.62/C.2/L.28)ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫ᱌㸦A/CONF.62/C.2/L.74)࡛࠶ࡿࠋ (13) Official Records,vol.III,p.281. (14) Official Records,vol.III,p.282. (15) Official Records,vol.III,p.284. (16) Official Records,vol.III,p.284. (17) Official Records,vol.III,p.286. (18) Official Records,vol.III,p.288. (19) ᑠ⏣⁠ࠕὀゎᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ ୖᕳࠖࠊ㸱㸰㸯㡫ࠋ (20) C.R.Symmons, The Maritime Zones of Islands in International Law, p.41. (21) ⾗㆟㝔ᘓタጤဨ఍㸦㸯㸷㸷㸷ᖺ㸲᭶㸯㸴᪥㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿᨻᗓጤဨ⟅ᘚࠋᯘྖᐉࠕ⌧௦ᅜ㝿 ἲࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜ㄢ㢟ࠖ㸦ಙᒣ♫㸧ࠊ㸯㸶㸵㸫㸶㡫ཧ↷ࠋ (22) J.R.V.Prescott, The Maritime Political Boundaries of the World, 1985, p.73. (23)ὀ㸦15㸧ཧ↷ࠋ (24) G.Gidel, Le Droit International Public de la Mer, 3/II, p.684. (25) D.W. Bowett, The Legal Regime of Islands in International Law, pp.8-9. (26) Maria Silvana Fusillo,The Legal Regime of Uninhabited “Rocks” Lacking an Economic Life of Their Own, Ital.Yb. of International Law, 1978/79,p.54. (27) Bowett, op.cit., p.34. (28) ᑠ⏣ࠊ๓ᥖ᭩ࠊ323 㡫ࠋ

㸫㸫 (29) ຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪࠕᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢゐ፹࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙㹼➨㸯㸰㸯᮲㸱㡯㸸 Ἀࡢ㫽ᓥ෌⏕࡬ࡢ୍ヨㄽ㹼ࠖࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩(ᖹᡂ㸯㸵ᖺᗘ㸧ࠊ ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ㸦㸦㈈㸧ࢩࢵࣉ࣭࢔ࣥࢻ࣭࣮࢜ࢩࣕࣥ㈈ᅋ㸧ᖹᡂ㸯㸶ᖺ㸱᭶ࠊ㸯㸯㸲 㡫ཧ↷ࠋ (30) ຍࠎ⨾ᗣᙪࠕ㐲㝸㞳ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ᨻ⟇㹼࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡜ࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢ᭱㏆ࡢᐇ⾜ࢆ㢟ᮦ࡟㹼ࠖࠊἈ ࡢ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ሗ࿌᭩(ᖹᡂ㸯㸶ᖺᗘ㸧ࠊᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ㸦㸦㈈㸧 ࢩࢵࣉ࣭࢔ࣥࢻ࣭࣮࢜ࢩࣕࣥ㈈ᅋ㸦ᖹᡂ㸯㸷ᖺ㸱᭶㸧ࠊ㸰㸰㹼㸲㸴㡫࡞࡝ࠋ

㸫㸫 㸲㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟

ᙜ㈈ᅋࡢἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍࡛ࡣࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢၥ㢟ࢆᨵࡵ࡚ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞どⅬ࡛ゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ ࡟ἲᚊཬࡧᢏ⾡ࡢ୧㠃࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ࡜ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢㄢ㢟ඹ᭷ࡢྍ⬟ᛶ ࢆ᥈ࡾࠊ኱ὒ୰ࡢᓥཬࡧࡑࡢ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ࡢၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㆟ㄽࢆ῝ࡵࡿ┠ⓗ࡛ࠊᓥࡢಖ඲ ࡟㛵ࢃࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࡢືྥࠊኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝࠊྛᅜࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࢆ⾜ ࡗࡓࠋ ᪥ᮏᅜෆ࡛ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢧࣥࢦࡢቑṪࡲࡓࡣᬑཬၨⵚάື࡞࡝ࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞άື ศ㔝ࡀ࠶ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊἲᚊ࡜ᢏ⾡ࡢ୧㠃࠿ࡽࡢ᳨ウࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞どⅬ࠿ࡽࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡉࡽ࡟ᓥࡢ ၥ㢟࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ࢆ㛵㐃௜ࡅࡓㄪᰝ◊✲࡞࡝ࡣẚ㍑ⓗᡭⷧ࡞≧ἣ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊᙜヱᆅᇦࡀࠊᓥ࡜ᾏ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᵝࠎ࡞ၥ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼ࡑࡢ༴ᶵឤ ࢆᣢࡘࡀࠊ༑ศ࡞ᑐᛂ⟇ࡀ❧࡚ࡽࢀ࡞࠸≧ἣ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ≉࡟ᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩ࡢ᳨ ウࠊᓥࡢಖ඲ᢏ⾡ࠊ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᑐᛂࡣ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࢔࢖ࢫࣛࣥࢻࢆᑐ㇟࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ࡢㄪᰝࢆ㐣ཤ஧ᖺ㛫ࡢㄪᰝ஦౛࡜㛵㐃௜ࡅ᳨࡚ウ ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢᓥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢἲⓗᆅ఩࡟ࡣཝࡋ࠸ᅜ㝿ୡㄽࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ౛࠼ࡤ⎔ቃ ࡜㛵㐃௜ࡅࡿ࡞࡝ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ᪉ḟ➨࡛ࡣ⫯ᐃⓗ࡞ୡㄽࢆᑟࡃࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

௨ୖࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᅜෆ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᶵ㛵ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࢆ⿵࠸ࠊ ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ࡣἈࣀ㫽ᓥࢆ኱ὒࡢᓥ࡜఩⨨࡙ࡅ࡚ᓥᕋᅜ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ᫂☜࡟࡞ ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᅜ㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿᓥࠎࢆᢪ ࠼ࡿࢃࡀᅜࡀࠊኴᖹὒࡢᓥᕋᅜࡲࡓࡣᓥࠎ࡜ㄢ㢟ࡢඹ᭷໬ࢆᅗࡾࠊࡑࢀࡽࢆἲⓗࠊᢏ⾡ⓗ࠶ ࡿ࠸ࡣ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡜㛵㐃௜ࡅ᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᭷ຊ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ ࡇࢀࡽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ௒ᚋࠊἈࣀ㫽ᓥ◊✲ጤဨ఍ࡢᑂ㆟ࢆ⤒࡚ヲ⣽ࢆワࡵ࡚ࡺࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡀࠊࡑࡢ㝿࡟ࡣ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㆟ㄽࡢษࡾཱྀ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ᓥࢆᕠࡿ⬣ጾ Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࢆྵࡴኴᖹὒࡢᓥࠎࡀㄢ㢟ࢆඹ᭷ࡋࠊ༠ຊࡋ࡚ࡑࡢゎỴ࡟࠶ࡓࡿ➨୍Ṍ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᓥࡀ┤㠃ࡍࡿࡲࡓࡣ₯ᅾⓗ࡟᭷ࡍࡿ⬣ጾࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿࠋᾏᓊ⥺ࡢኚ໬ࠊ 㣧ᩱỈࡢ౪⤥୙㊊ࠊᾏὒ୍ḟ⏘ᴗࡢ⾶㏥ཬࡧ㎰ᴗ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪࡞࡝࠿ࡽὴ⏕ࡍࡿఏ⤫ⓗ⏕άᵝᘧ ࡢᔂቯࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟క࠺Ỉἐࠊ␗ᖖẼ㇟࡟క࠺ᾏᓊᾐ㣗࡞࡝ࠊᾏ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠕᓥࠖ ࡞ࡽ࡛ࡣࡢヰ㢟ࢆ᥈ࡿ

ᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄢ㢟 ᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌧ᅾࡢㄢ㢟ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊ௒ᚋࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ࡢ࠶ ࡾ᪉ࢆヰࡋྜ࠺ࠋ࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᛕ㢌࡟⨨ࡃ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ121 ᮲ࡢゎ㔘㐺⏝ࠊᓥࡢ ⿵ᙉࡢၥ㢟ࠊ ᬮ໬࡟ࡼࡿᓥࡢỈἐࡀᓥࡢἲⓗᆅ఩࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡞࡝ࠊἲⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜㛵㐃ࡍ ࡿၥ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࠋ

ᓥࡢ⟶⌮ᐇ⾜ࡢ஦౛ ᓥࡢၥ㢟ࢆᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞どⅬ࠿ࡽྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞⟶⌮ᐇ⾜஦౛ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࠋᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲

㸫㸫 ㈈ᅋࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛ㄪᰝ◊✲ࡋࡓ⡿ࠊ㇦ࠊ௖ࠊኴᖹὒㅖᅜࡢ஦౛ࢆྵࡵࠊᵝࠎ࡞⟶⌮ᐇ⾜࡜᰿ᣐ ࡜࡞ࡿἲไᗘࡲࡓࡣࡑࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟࠶ࡿᨻ἞⤒῭ⓗ஦᝟ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ

ᓥࡢಖ඲࡟㛵ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ᓥࢆ⮬↛ࡢ⬣ጾ࠿ࡽᏲࡾ࣭෌⏕ࢆಁࡍࡓࡵࡢᢏ⾡ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ヰࡋྜ࠺ࠋ౵㣗ࢆ᝿ ᐃࡋࡓㆤᓊᑐ⟇࡞࡝ࡢ⌧ᅾࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ౛ࢆὙ࠸ฟࡍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡟ᚲせ࡞ ᪂ࡓ࡞ᢏ⾡ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ

ᓥ࡜࿘㎶ᾏᇦࡢ⟶⌮ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ࡣἢᓊᅜ࡟᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦࡢ⟶⌮ࢆ⩏ົ࡙ࡅ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢᇶⅬ࡜࡞ࡿᓥࡢ ၥ㢟ࡣࠊ㝣ᆅ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᾏὒࡢ⟶⌮࡜㛵㐃௜ࡅ࡚㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ሙ࡛㆟ㄽࡋࠊ⪃࠼᪉ࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿࠋ

㸫㸫 ㈨ ᩱ

㸫㸫 㸬ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜࡢᐇែㄪᰝ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ㈨ᩱ

㸦㸯㸧ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ᶵ㛵ࡢᴫせ

a. ༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ USP ࡣኴᖹὒᆅᇦࡢ୺せ࡞ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡾࠊኴᖹὒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩥ໬࣭⎔ቃ࣭ேᮦ㛤Ⓨ࡟ᚲ せ࡞඲࡚ࡢ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩍ⫱ࠊㄪᰝ◊✲ࠊカ⦎ࡢᅜ㝿ⓗ୰ᚰ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 1968 ᖺ࡟㛤タࡉࢀࡓ USP ࡣࠊࡑࡢ⤌⧊ᙧែࡢⅬ࡛ゝ࠺࡜ୡ⏺ⓗ࡟ぢ࡚ࡶࡵࡎࡽࡋࡃࠊኴ ᖹὒࡢ 12 ࡢᅜᨻᗓ㸦ࢡࢵࢡㅖᓥ࣭ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜ࣭࢟ࣜࣂࢫඹ࿴ᅜ࣭࣐࣮ࢩࣕࣝㅖᓥ ඹ࿴ᅜ࣭ࢼ࢘ࣝඹ࿴ᅜ࣭ࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻ⮬἞㡿ࢽ࢚࣭࢘ࢯࣟࣔࣥㅖᓥ࣭ࢺࢣࣛ࢘ㅖᓥ࣭ ࢺࣥ࢞⋤ᅜ࣭ࢶࣂ࣭ࣝࣂࢾ࢔ࢶඹ࿴ᅜ࣭ࢧࣔ࢔⊂❧ᅜ㸧࡛ᡤ᭷ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࠊ඲࡚ࡢᅜࠎ࡟ ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࢆᣢࡘࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ࣓࢖ࣥ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࡣࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ࡢࣛ࢘࢝ࣛ࡟࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㎰࣭㣗ရ Ꮫ⛉ࡣࢧࣔ࢔ࡢ࢔ࣛࣇ࢔࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࠊἲᏛ⛉ࡣࣂࢾ࢔ࢶࡢ࢚࣐ࣛࢫ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ࡟࠶ࡿࠋࡇ ࢀࡽࡢᏛ⛉ࡸ◊✲ᡤࡣ 4 Ꮫ㒊㸦ἲᩥᏛ㒊ࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫ࣭⤒῭Ꮫ㒊ࠊᓥᕋᾏὒᏛ㒊ࠊ⌮⛉࣭ᢏ ⾡Ꮫ㒊㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤌⧊ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᏛ㒊㛗࡟ࡼࡾ࣮ࣜࢻࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᏛ 㒊௨ୗࠊᩘࠎࡢᏛ⛉ࡀ㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡚ࠊᏛ㒊࣭኱Ꮫ㝔ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᵝࠎ࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣒࣭ࣛࢥ࣮ࢫ ࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊUSP ࡛ࡣ 15 ࡢ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫࢆ㏻ࡋ㐲㝸Ꮫ⩦ࡶ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋUSP ࡢ༞ᴗ⏕ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊ඲࡚ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ᅜཬࡧୡ⏺୰ࡢከࡃࡢᅜ࡛බ⚾࡟ࢃࡓࡿ⤌⧊ࡢ㔜せ࡞ ⟶⌮⫋ࢆ໅ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡶከ࠸ࠋ ࢃࡀᅜࡢᶵ㛵࡜ࡢ஺ὶࡣࠊᅜ㝿༠ຊ஦ᴗᅋ㸦JICA㸧ࡢᓥᕋᾏὒᏛ㒊ᾏὒᏛ⛉࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ ⏘㣴Ṫ㛤Ⓨ࡟ಀࢃࡿඹྠ◊✲ࠊᾏὒ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸦JAMSTEC㸧࡟ࡼࡿᾏὒほ ᶵࡢ⤂௓ࠊ ྛ✀ᨭ᥼࡞࡝ᖜᗈࡃ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

b. ኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ஦ົᒁ PIF ࡣࠊ1971 ᖺ 8 ᭶ࠊ➨ 1 ᅇ༡ኴᖹὒࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ㸦SPF㸸PIF ࡢᪧྡ⛠㸧㤳⬻఍㆟ࡀࢽࣗ ࣮࣭ࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻ㸦NZ㸧ࡢ࢙࢘ࣜࣥࢺࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚௨᮶ࠊ኱ὒᕞㅖᅜ㤳⬻ࡢᑐヰࡢ ሙ࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨᒎࡋࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ㇦ࠊNZࠊࣃࣉ࢔࣭ࢽ࣮ࣗࢠࢽ࢔㸦PNG㸧ࠊࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮࡞࡝ 16 ࣨᅜ࣭ ᆅᇦࡀຍ┕ࡋࠊࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮࡟஦ົᒁࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ1989 ᖺ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ᥼ຓᅜࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡍࡿᇦ እᅜ࡜ࡢᑐヰࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋᇦእᅜᑐヰࡢ┦ᡭࡣࠊ᪥ࠊ⡿ࠊⱥࠊ௖ࠊຍࠊ୰ᅜࠊEU㸦91 ᖺ ࠿ࡽ㸧ࠊ㡑ᅜ㸦95 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㸧ࠊ࣐࣮ࣞࢩ࢔㸦97 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㸧ࠊࣇ࢕ࣜࣆࣥ㸦2000 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㸧ࠊ࢖ࣥࢻ ࢿࢩ࢔㸦2001 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㸧ࠊ࢖ࣥࢻ㸦2003 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㸧ࠊࢱ࢖㸦2005 ᖺ࠿ࡽ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2000 ᖺ 10 ᭶ࡢ⥲఍ࡼࡾࠊኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ㸦PIF㸧࡟ྡ⛠ࢆኚ᭦ࡋࡓࠋ ຍ┕ᅜࡣࠊ㇦ᕞࠊNZࠊPNGࠊࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ࠊࢧࣔ࢔ࠊࢯࣟࣔࣥㅖᓥࠊࣦ࢓ࢾ࢔ࢶࠊࢺࣥ࢞ࠊ ࢼ࢘ࣝࠊ࢟ࣜࣂࢫࠊࢺࣦࢗ࢓ࣝࠊ࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ࢔㐃㑥ࠊ࣐࣮ࢩࣕࣝㅖᓥࠊࣃࣛ࢜ࠊࢡࢵࢡㅖ ᓥࠊࢽ࢚࢘㸦⌧ᅾ 16 㺗ᅜ࣭ᆅᇦ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ⤌⧊ࡢ୺࡞┠ⓗࡣࠊᨻ἞࣭⤒῭࣭Ᏻ඲ಖ㞀➼ᖜᗈ࠸ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ᇦෆඹ㏻㛵ᚰ஦㡯ࡢウ ㆟ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋPIF ࡢỴᐃࡣ඲࡚ࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊẖᖺ⥲఍࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊPIF ࡜ ࡋ࡚ࡢᨻ⟇ࡢពᛮ࣭᪉ྥᛶࡀࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣࡢᙧ࡛᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡿࠋ࡞࠾ 96 ᖺࡢ⥲఍ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࡛ ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢᅜ㐃Ᏻಖ⌮㠀ᖖ௵⌮஦ᅜ❧ೃ⿵࡬ࡢࠕᙉᅛ࠿ࡘ୍⮴ࡋࡓᨭᣢࠖࡀ᫂グࡉࢀࡓࠋ 1973 ᖺࠊ⥲఍ࡢ஦ົᒁ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ༡ኴᖹὒ⤒῭༠ຊᶵ㛵ࠖ㸦South Pacific Bureau for Economic

㸫㸫 Cooperation㸸SPEC㸧ࡀタ❧ࡉࢀࠊ1988 ᖺ࡟ࠕ༡ኴᖹὒࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ஦ົᒁࠖ㸦South Pacific Forum Secretariat㸧࡜ᨵ⛠ࡉࢀ࡚⌧ᅾ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ྠ஦ົᒁࡣࠕ༡ኴᖹὒ஦ົᒁࢆタ❧ࡍࡿ༠ᐃࠖ ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁタ❧ࡉࢀࡓᅜ㝿ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࠋྠ஦ົᒁࡣࠊ⥲఍ཬࡧ஦ົࣞ࣋ࣝጤဨ఍ࡢᐇ᪋ᶵ㛵 ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᆅᇦᨻ⟇ࡢ❧᱌ࢆᡭ᥃ࡅࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ᇦෆ༠ຊࡢᙉ໬࣭ಁ㐍ࢆᅗࡿࠋ

ᮏ㒊 㸸 ࢫࣂ㸦ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮㸧 ஦ົᒁ㛗㸦௵ᮇ 3 ᖺ㸧 㸸 ࣀ࢚࣭ࣦࣝࣞ࢕㸦ඖ PNG እົ኱⮧㸧 1998 ᖺ 2 ᭶ᑵ௵ࠊ2001 ᖺ෌௵  ࢢࣞࢵࢢ࣭࢔࣮࢘࢕ࣥ㸦࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔ฟ㌟ࠊඖእ஺ᐁ㸧2004 ᖺᑵ௵

㛵㐃ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ⁺ᴗᶵ㛵㸦FFA㸧ࠊኴᖹὒඹྠయ㸦PC㸧ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒほගホ㆟ ఍㸦TCSP㸧ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒᆅᇦ⎔ቃィ⏬㸦SPREP㸧ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍㸦SOPAC㸧ࠊ༡ኴ ᖹὒࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࣛ࢖ࣥ㸦PFL㸧➼ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

c. ኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍ SOPAC ࡣࠊ1972 ᖺ࡟タ❧ࡉࢀࡓࠊᅜ㐃࢔ࢪ࢔ኴᖹὒ⤒῭♫఍⌮஦఍㸦UNESCAP㸧ࡢୗ 㒊⤌⧊࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ༡ኴᖹὒἢᓊ㖔≀㈨※ඹྠ᥈ᰝㄪᩚጤဨ఍㸦Committee for Coordination of Joint Prospecting for Mineral Resources in South Pacific Offshore Areas (CCOP/SOPAC)㸧ࢆ ㉳ ※ ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ1989 ᖺࠊ⤌⧊ྡࢆ CCOP/SOPAC ࠿ࡽ⌧ᅾࡢ SOPAC ࡟ኚ᭦ࠋ1990 ᖺࠊUNESCAP ࠿ࡽṇᘧ࡟⊂❧ࠋᾏὒ㖔≀㈨※ࡢㄪᰝ࣭㛤Ⓨࡢᨭ᥼ࡸホ౯ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓᆅᇦᨻᗓ㛫ᶵ㛵࡜ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࡑࢀ௨㝆ࠊᮏ᮶ࡢ௵ົ࡛࠶ࡿᾏὒ㖔≀㈨※ࡢㄪᰝ࣭㛤Ⓨࡢᨭ᥼ࡸホ౯ࡢ௚࡟ࠊ1990 ᖺ௨ 㝆ࡣỈ㈨※ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊ⅏ᐖホ౯ࠊ⎔ቃศ㔝➼࡬ࡶᴗົࢆᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࡣ௨ୗࡢ 㸱ࡘࡢ࣮࢟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

Ocean and Islandsۍ ᾏὒཬࡧᓥᕋ࡟࠶ࡿ㠀⏕≀㈨※ࡢㄪᰝ࣭㛤Ⓨ࣭⟶⌮ࢆᢅ࠺⤫ྜⓗࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠋᾏᗏ㈨※ ࡸ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊᾏὒቃ⏺⏬ᐃ➼ࡢၥ㢟ࡶᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿࠋ Community Lifelinesۍ ᝟ሗᢏ⾡࣭⾨࣭࢚ᫍࢿࣝࢠ࣮➼࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜᐙ⬟ຊࡢᙉ໬ᨭ᥼ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠋ Community Riskۍ ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻ࢔ࢭࢫ࣓ࣥࢺࡸࣜࢫࢡ࣐ࢿ࣮ࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡢྥୖ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࣜࢫࢡᑐ⟇ ࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿໟᣓⓗࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠋ

ຍ┕ᅜࡣࠊ ࣭㇦ᕞ ࣭ࢡࢵࢡㅖᓥ ࣭ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮ㅖᓥඹ࿴ᅜ ࣭ࢢ࢔࣒ ࣭࣑ࢡࣟࢿࢩ࢔㐃㑥

㸫㸫 ࣭࢟ࣜࣂࢫ ࣭࣐࣮ࢩࣕࣝㅖᓥ ࣭ࢽ࣮ࣗࢪ࣮ࣛࣥࢻ ࣭ࣃࣉ࢔ࢽ࣮ࣗࢠࢽ࢔ ࣭ࢧࣔ࢔ ࣭ࢯࣟࣔࣥㅖᓥ ࣭ࢺࣥ࢞ ࣭ࢶࣂࣝ ࣭ࣂࢾ࢔ࢶ ࣭ࢽ࢚࢘ ࣭ࢼ࢘ࣝ ࣭ࣃࣛ࢜  ࡢ㸯㸵ࣨᅜ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

‽ຍ┕ᅜࡣ௨ୗࡢ㸱ࣨᅜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣭࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࣥࢧࣔ࢔ ࣭ࣇࣞࣥࢳ࣏ࣜࢿࢩ࢔ ࣭ࢽ࣮ࣗ࢝ࣞࢻࢽ࢔

௨ୗࡣࠊຍ┕ᅜ඲య࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ຍ┕ᅜࡢ⟶㎄Ỉᇦྜィ㸸  㸱㸪㸮㸮㸮୓੎ ຍ┕ᅜࡢ㝣㠃✚ྜィ㸸  㸳㸳୓੎ ຍ┕ᅜࡢ㝣ᆅࡢᩘ(ࢧࣥࢦ♋ࠊⅆᒣᓥ)ྜィ㸸  ⣙㸵㸪㸳㸮㸮 ຍ┕ᅜࡢேཱྀྜィ㸸  㸴㸷㸮୓ே㸦㸳㸮㸮ࡢ㝣ᆅ࡛⏕ά㸧 ஦ົᒁᡤᅾᆅ㸸ࢫࣂ㸦ࣇ࢕ࢪ࣮㸧

᪥ᮏ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡣࠊ㈨㔠ᥦ౪ࡢ௚ࠊJICA ᑓ㛛ᐙࡢ SOPAC ஦ົᒁ࡬ࡢὴ㐵ࡶ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ 1985 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2005 ᖺࡲ࡛ JICA ࡜ JOGMEC ࡀᾏὒ㈨※ㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㧙㸫 㸦㸰㸧ゼၥ┠ⓗࡢㄝ᫂

ㄪᰝᑐ㇟ྛᶵ㛵ࡢពぢ஺᥮఍ཧຍ⪅࡟ࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞࣓ࣔ࡟ࡼࡾᙜ㈈ᅋࡢゼၥ┠ⓗ࣭ᮏ ஦ᴗ◊✲ࡢෆᐜࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ

ゼၥ┠ⓗ⤂௓࣓ࣔۑ While remote antiquity human beings have enjoyed the benefits of the ocean such as maritime resources and energy resources like petroleum and minerals in the seas, the rate of increase in the population and economic growth has advanced too far to the degree surpassing the workings of nature, and such excess has now results in producing a phenomenon of, for instance, a natural disaster throughout the world. In a circumstance that maintenance of maritime order and environmental protection are thought as global issues, we, the Ocean Policy Research Foundation (OPRF), advocating the principle of “mankind and ocean living in symbiosis”, are undertaking various activities as a think tank of nongovernmental institute. We deal with wide-ranging ocean problems in fields from social to natural sciences, which include the ocean policy and marine traffic, security, coastal zone management and maritime environment, and maritime education. Our projects include not only conducting research and study activities, but also international cooperation as well as joint research with other countries, and making policy proposals to related government sectors and research institutes through our R&D efforts. Another main pillar of our projects is information dissemination for the sake of enlightenment about the ocean problems. On the basis of the objectives, the research for the restoration and maintenance of Okinotorishima island, small island in Japan, is classified into one of our major projects, since 2005. The island has been a cardinal point for the establishment of a 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone in the waters around Japan. However, no specific measures against global warming or for the UNCLOS coming into force have been taken on this island since the late 1980s, when embankment work was undertaken. In such a circumstance that importance of the ocean has enhanced all over the world, public attention has been refocused on the island, causing relevant ministries and agencies as well as the Tokyo metropolitan government to begin studies on conservation, restoration, and utilisation of the island’s resources. OPRF monitors to see whether or not activities being carried out by these legal bodies are comprehensive, consistent and well balanced. If not, or if something is lacking in the research for the maintenance and recovery of the island, the foundation will notify them and make appropriate suggestions. In addition, this initiative has yielded much new knowledge and other benefits, which we believe should not be enjoyed by our country alone but shared with Pacific island states and international society at large. There are many issues for which we share a common concern with Pacific island states, especially regarding sea level rise and coastal erosion.

㸫㸫 㸦㸱㸧⡆᫆㉁ၥ≧

⡆᫆㉁ၥ≧ࡣࠊゼၥ๓࡟ᮏ஦ᴗᢸᙜ⪅඲ဨ࠿ࡽࠊ a. Ἀࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ࣭෌⏕᪉ἲ࡟ᑐࡍࡿㅖእᅜࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࡢᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞ពぢࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ ࡜ࡋࡓࠊࢃࡀᅜ࡜ᓥᕋᅜࡢᓥ࡟㛵ࡋඹ㏻ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿⅬ b. ᮶ᖺᗘ࡟⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡟ᑐࡍࡿࠊࢃࡀᅜ࡜ᓥᕋᅜ࡜ࡢࠊᓥ඲య࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࡢၥ㢟ࡢඹ᭷ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓᓥᕋᅜ㛫ࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿⅬ ࡢ 2 Ⅼࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓ㉁ၥࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓෆᐜ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

≦᫆㉁ၥ⡆ۑ Do you have the islands in which geomorphological transformation in the coastal area occurred in the past? 㐣ཤ࡟࠾࠸࡚ἢᓊᇦ࡛ࡢᆅᙧᨵኚࡀ࠾ࡁࡓᓥࡣ࠶ࡿ࠿㸽

Did the transformation induce disaster such as flood or inundation? ࡑࡢᨵኚࡣὥỈࡸᾐỈࡢࡼ࠺࡞⅏ᐖࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓ࠿㸽

What kind of impact do you think that the development such as countermeasure to coastal erosion (embankment) or land reclamation has on environment? ἢᓊᾐ㣗࡟ᑐࡍࡿᑐ⟇㸦ㆤᓊ࡞࡝㸧ࡸᇙࡵ❧࡚ࡀ⎔ቃ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ ࠺࠿㸽

What do you think about uncertainties concerning the subsidence of small islands and low tide elevations by coastal erosion and the loss of land through rising sea levels caused by global warming? How much are the local people interested in that? ᑠᓥࡢỈἐࠊᾏᓊᾐ㣗࡟ࡼࡿప₻ᑠᓥࠊᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ཎᅉ࡜ࡉࢀࡿᾏ㠃ୖ᪼࡟ ࡼࡿࠊᅵᆅࡢᾘ⁛࡟༴᝹ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸽

Have you considered any measures for their protection? ࡑࢀࡽᑐࡍࡿᑐ⟇ࡣ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸽

Do you have an educational campaign to sustain such interest over the next generation in your organisation? 㹑㹍㹎㸿㹁࡟࠾࠸࡚ḟࡢୡ௦࡟ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⯆࿡ࢆᣢ⥆ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᩍ⫱ άືࡣ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸽

Do you deal with environmental issues related to the ocean from elementary school? ึ➼ᩍ⫱࠿ࡽᾏὒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⎔ቃၥ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸽

What do you think of the necessity of the ocean education?

㸫㸫 ᾏὒᩍ⫱ࡢᚲせᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸽

Do you have any experience in exchanging views and information regarding the problem of submerging islands from the technical perspective between countries or/and international organisations? How has it been done? ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ࡜㸦ࡲࡓࡣ㸧ᅜ㝿ᶵ㛵ࡢ㛫࡛ỿࡳࡺࡃᓥࡢၥ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠊᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞ពぢ஺᥮࣭ ᝟ሗ஺᥮ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡿ࠿㸽

What is your opinion concerning the international exchange of views and information in international symposiums for the purpose of sharing concern about the submerging islands problem? ௒ᚋࠊ㛤ദࡉࢀ࠺ࡿᅜ㝿ⓗࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘࡞࡝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᾘ⁛ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ༴᝹ࡉࢀࡿᑠᓥ࡟ 㛵ࡍࡿၥ㢟ඹ᭷ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠊ」ᩘࡢᅜᐙ㛫࡛ࡢពぢ஺᥮࣭᝟ሗ஺᥮ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡽ࡝࠺ ࠿࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸽

What do you think of the plan to construct islands by a coral reef? ࢧࣥࢦࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓᓥࡢ෌⏕ィ⏬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠺࠿㸽

What do you think about raising the issue of submerging island with us at the international level? Ỉἐࡍࡿᜍࢀࡢ࠶ࡿᓥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᡃࠎ࡜ඹ࡟ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ឤࡌ ࡿ࠿㸽

ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㉁ၥࡣࠊ⌧ᆅ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ῝้࡞ᾏὒၥ㢟࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓ㒊ศࡶྵࡳࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟࡟ ┤㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊཪࡣ㏆㞄ࡢᓥᕋᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚⌧ᐇⓗ࡟ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿᾏᇦ࡟ᬽࡽ ࡍཧຍ⪅ྛ఩࡟࡜ࡗ࡚⯆࿡ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ↓ど࡛ࡁ࡞࠸῝้࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㸫㸫 㸦㸲㸧ཧຍ⪅

㹓㹑㹎࡛ࡢ఍㆟ཧຍ⪅         ᕥ࠿ࡽ ụ⏣୍➼᭩グᐁࠊᢡ➟ཧ஦ᐁࠊ ᰩᯘ≉ู㢳ၥࠊ┾ᒾ◊✲ဨ

㹎㹇㹄࡛ࡢ఍㆟ཧຍ⪅          㹑㹍㹎㸿㹁࡛ࡢ఍㆟ཧຍ⪅

㸫㸫 㧞㸬࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάື࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ㈨ᩱ

㸦㸯㸧㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ ㅮ⩏㈨ᩱ

㧗ᓮ⤒῭኱Ꮫ⤒῭Ꮫ㒊 ᾏὒἲ䛸䛿䞉䞉䞉 ᅜ㝿㛵ಀㄽ䠄070706䠅 ᾏὒἲ䠙ᾏ䛸䛭䛾฼⏝䛻㛵䛩䜛 ᅜ㝿ἲつ䜢⥲⛠䛩䜛䜒䛾 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛸᪥ᮏ䛾ᾏὒ⣮த ᅜ㝿ἲ䛸䛿䠛 ᅜᐙ䛾⾜ືつ⠊䜢ᐃ䜑䜛ἲ䛷䛒䜛䚹 䛴䜎䜚䚸ཎ๎䛸䛧䛶ᅜ㝿ἲ䛿ᅜᐙ䛾䜏䜢 ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ つᚊ䛩䜛䚹 ୍⯡័⾜ 䠇 ἲⓗಙᛕ ୰ᓥ᫂㔛 ᅜ㝿ἲ䠙 ᮲⣙ 䠇 ័⩦ἲ http://www.sof.or.jp/ (ᐈほⓗせ⣲)(୺ほⓗせ⣲)

ᾏὒἲ䛾Ⓨᒎ㐣⛬ ᾏὒἲ䛾Ⓨᒎ㐣⛬

ᾏ㐠ᅜ䞉⁺ᴗᅜ 䛫䜑䛞䛒䛔 ἢᓊᅜ ᾏ㐠ᅜ䞉⁺ᴗᅜ ἢᓊᅜ Maritime / Fishing States Coastal States 䛫䜑䛞䛒䛔 ⯪⯧㏻⯟䛾⮬⏤ ἢᓊ䛾⮬ᅜ⟶⌮ ⮬⏤䛺ᾏ䜢ᗈ䛟䟿 ⮬⏤䛺ᾏ䜢⊃䛟䟿

15ୡ⣖ᮎ䞉኱⯟ᾏ᫬௦ ⮬ᅜ⯪⯧䛾㏻⯟䛾 ⮬ᅜἢᓊ䛾⟶⌮ 17ୡ⣖ึ㢌 ⮬⏤䜢☜ಖ䛧䛯䛔 䜢☜ಖ䛧䛯䛔 䜸䝷䞁䝎 䞉 䜲䜼䝸䝇 䝇䝨䜲䞁 䞉 䝫䝹䝖䜺䝹 1609ᖺ䜾䝻䝏䜴䝇ⴭ䛄ᾏὒ⮬⏤ㄽ䛅 1494ᖺ䝖䝹䝕䝅䝷䝇᮲⣙ 18ୡ⣖ᚋ༙䚸㡿ᾏእ䛾ᾏὒ୍⯡䛿ㄡ䛻䜒ᒓ䛥䛪⮬⏤䛺฼⏝䛻 䛷䛝䜛䛰䛡ᾏ䛿 䛷䛝䜛䛰䛡ᾏ䛿 ゎᨺ䛥䜜䜛䚸䛂⊃䛔㡿ᾏ䞉ᗈ䛔බᾏ䛃䛾஧ඖ⛛ᗎ䛜☜❧䛩䜛 ⮬ᅜ⟶⌮ୗ䜢ᗈ䛟 ⮬⏤䛺ሙᡤ䜢ᗈ䛟 20ୡ⣖䚸᪥䞉⡿䞉䝋䛜௦⾲᱁ 䛂බᾏ⮬⏤䛾ཎ๎䛃

䛸䛣䜝䛜䚸ᡓᚋ䞉䞉䞉 ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ 1945ᖺ 䝖䝹䞊䝬䞁ᐉゝ 䛂኱㝣Ჴᐉゝ䛃䛸䛂ಖᏑỈᇦᐉゝ䛃 䠑䛴䛾ᾏᇦ䜢タᐃ ᢏ⾡䛾Ⓨᒎ䠙ᾏ䛾Ἀྜ䛾㈨※䛜㛤Ⓨྍ⬟䛻䛺䜛䚹 䞉㡿ᾏ ᾏᓊ䛛䜙12ᾏ㔛䚹ἢᓊᅜ䛾୺ᶒ䛜ᇶᮏⓗ䛻඲䛶ཬ䜆 ᾏὒ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛⟶㎄ᶒ䛾ᣑ኱➇த䛜ຨⓎ䚹 䞉᥋⥆Ỉᇦ ᾏᓊ䛛䜙24ᾏ㔛䚹㏻㛵䞉㈈ᨻ䞉⾨⏕䞉ฟධᅜ䛾஦㡯䛻 ΰ஘䜢཰ᣠ䛥䛫䜛䛯䜑䚸ᾏὒἲ䛻㛵䛩䜛ᅜ㝿఍㆟䛜㛤ദ䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䛻䛺䛳䛯 㝈䜚ἢᓊᅜ䛿つไ䜢⾜䛘䜛 䞉᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ ᾏᓊ䛛䜙200ᾏ㔛䚹ἢᓊᅜ䛿㈨※(⁺ᴗ㈨※䚸 㖔≀㈨※䛺䛹䠅䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸㛤Ⓨ➼䛾ᶒ฼䜢᭷䛩䜛 1973 - 82ᖺ ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟ 㖔≀㈨※䛺䛹䠅䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸㛤Ⓨ➼䛾ᶒ฼䜢᭷䛩䜛 䞉኱㝣Ჴ ᾏᓊ䛛䜙200ᾏ㔛䠄୍ᐃ䛾᮲௳䜢‶䛯䛫䜀䚸350ᾏ㔛 or2500m➼῝⥺䛛䜙100ᾏ㔛䠅䚹ἢᓊᅜ䛿ᾏᗏ䛸ᆅୗ䛾ኳ↛ ᾏὒἲ䛻㛵䛩䜛ᅜ㝿㐃ྜ᮲⣙ ㈨※䠄䜹䝙䛺䛹䛾ᐃ╔ᛶ✀᪘䠇㖔≀䠅䛻䛴䛔䛶㛤Ⓨ➼䛾ᶒ฼䜢 ) 䠄䠙ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ 䛜᥇ᢥ ᭷䛩䜛 䛂ᾏ䛾᠇ἲ䛃1994ᖺⓎຠ 䞉බᾏ ᇶᮏⓗ䛻඲䛶䛾ᅜ䛜⮬⏤䛻౑⏝䛷䛝䜛 ⌧ᅾ155䞄ᅜ䛜ཧຍ (᪥ᮏ䛿1996ᖺ䛻ᢈ෸䠅 ➨୕ḟᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ఍㆟䜢᥇ᢥ䛧䛯఍㆟

㸫㸫 ❧య 䛷ぢ䜛䛸䞉䞉䞉 ᪥ᮏ䛾 ⟶㎄ᾏᇦ ᅜᅵ(㡿ᅵ) 㡿ᾏ බᾏ ௨㐲䚸㊥ ᅜᅵ㠃✚ 㻟㻤୓㼗䟝 㻞㻜㻜ᾏ ᓊ 㔛䜎䛷 䠄ୡ⏺➨㻢㻜఩䠅 㡿ᾏ㻔㼀㻿㻕㻌㻌㻌㻠㻟୓㼗䟝 ᥋⥆Ỉᇦ㻔㻯㼆㻕 㻟㻞୓㼗䟝 㼀㻿㻗㻯㼆㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻣㻠୓㼗䟝 ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ㻔㻱㻱㼆㻕 㻠㻜㻡୓㼗䟝 ῝ᾏᗏ 㼀㻿㻗㻱㻱㼆 㻠㻠㻣୓㼗䟝 䠄ୡ⏺➨㻢఩䠅

ᾏୖಖᏳᗇ㈨ᩱ

᪥ᮏ䛾ᢪ䛘䜛ᾏὒ⣮த䠖໭᪉㡿ᅵ ᪥ᮏ䛾ᢪ䛘䜛ᾏὒ⣮த䠖➉ᓥ

┦ᡭᅜ䠖䝻䝅䜰 ┦ᡭᅜ䠖㡑ᅜ ⣮தෆᐜ䠖 ⣮தෆᐜ䠖➉ᓥ䛾㡿᭷ᶒ ໭᪉4ᓥ䛾㡿᭷ᶒ 䠄ᓥ䛾ᡤ᭷ᶒ䠅 ➉ᓥ䛾㔜せᛶ䠖 4ᓥ䛾㔜せᛶ䠖 Ỉ⏘㈨※(䜲䜹䛾ዲ⁺ሙ䠅 䝻䝅䜰䛻䛸䛳䛶䚸 䠇ᓥ䛾࿘㎶ᾏᇦ ᑐ⡿ᡓ␎ⓗ䛻 㔜せ䛺఩⨨ http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/takeshima 䜎䛯䚸ୡ⏺3኱ዲ⁺ሙ /index.html http://www.hoppou.go.jp

᪥ᮏ䛾ᢪ䛘䜛ᾏὒ⣮த䠖➉ᓥ ᪥ᮏ䛾ᢪ䛘䜛ᾏὒ⣮த䠖ᑤ㛶ㅖᓥ

ƒ ➉ᓥ࿘㎶䛾ᾏᇦ ┦ᡭᅜ ྎ‴䚸୰ᅜ ᪥㡑⁺ᴗ༠ᐃ(98)䛷䛿 ⣮தෆᐜ ➉ᓥ䛾㡿᭷ᶒ䜢Ჴୖ䛢 ᑤ㛶ㅖᓥ䛾㡿᭷ᶒ 䠙䜒䛧➉ᓥ䜢ᡭ䛻ධ䜜䜜 ᑤ㛶ㅖᓥ䛾㔜せᛶ 䜀䚸࿘㎶䛾ᗈ኱䛺Ỉᇦ ▼Ἔ㈨※ 䜒⮬ᅜ䛾䜒䛾䛻䛺䜛䟿

http://www.pref.shimane.lg.jp/soumu/ta kesima/

http://www.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/11kanku/03warera/chian/4tk/ 4tk-top/4tktop/4tk--top.htm

㸫㸫 ᪥ᮏ䛾ᢪ䛘䜛ᾏὒ⣮த䠖ᮾ䝅䝘ᾏ ᪥ᮏ䛾ᢪ䛘䜛ᾏὒ⣮த䠖Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ

┦ᡭᅜ ୰ᅜ ┦ᡭᅜ ୰ᅜ ⣮தෆᐜ ⣮த䛾ෆᐜ ኱㝣Ჴ䛾ቃ⏺⏬ᐃ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿䛂ᓥ䛃䛛䛂ᒾ䛃䛛䠛 ኳ↛䜺䝇䛾㛤Ⓨ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾㔜せᛶ ᮾ䝅䝘ᾏ䛾㔜せᛶ ㇏ᐩ䛺ኳ↛䜺䝇䟿䟿 ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ䛾㈨※ ୰ᅜ䛾ᑐ⡿㜵⾨⥺ http://www.asahi.com/international/aan/ issen/issen71.html

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䠖఩⨨ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䠖ఫᡤ䞉ᕷእᒁ␒ ఩⨨䠖᪥ᮏ᭱༡➃ ƒ ఫᡤ ᮾி䛛䜙1700Km ƒ 䛈100-2100 (ᮾி䡚ୖᾏ䠅 ƒ ᮾி㒔ᑠ➟ཎᮧ ∗ᓥ䛛䜙900Km ƒ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ1␒ᆅ(໭ᑠᓥ䠅 (ᮾி䡚⚟ᒸ䠅 2␒ᆅ䠄ᮾᑠᓥ䠅 ƒ ᕷእᒁ␒ 04998 ƒ 122ே䛜ᮏ⡠䜢⨨䛟 (2005ᖺ䠅 http://www.mlit.go.jp 2005ᖺ㒔▱஦どᐹ http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/PROFILE/IN TOKYO/170504.htm

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䠖ᵓᡂ䞉኱䛝䛥 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛒䜜䛣䜜

ƒ ༟♋ ƒ ୍⯡ᕷẸ䛜୍┠ぢ䜛䛻 ᮾす 4500m 䛿䞉䞉䞉 ༡໭ 1700m 䞉䜽䝹䞊䝈⯪䛷㏻䜚䛛䛛 ࿘ᅖ 11000m 䜛 http://homepage2.nifty.com/shot/okinot ƒ ໭ᑠᓥ ori.htm ƒ ᮾᑠᓥ ƒ 䝣䜯䞁䜽䝷䝤䜒䛒䜚

http://page.freett.com/okinotorishima/ ᅜ஺┬ி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤ http://www.keihin.ktr.mlit. go.jp/okinotori_island/

㸫㸫 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䠖᪥ᮏ䛻䜒䛯䜙䛩䜒䛾 ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨56᮲

ƒ ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䠄EEZ) 40୓km² ƒ ➨56᮲ ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛ἢᓊᅜ䛾ᶒ฼䚸⟶ ㎄ᶒཬ䜃⩏ົ 38 km² 䠄᪥ᮏ䛾ᅜᅵ㠃✚ ୓ 䠅 ƒ 䠍 ἢᓊᅜ䛿䚸᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸ḟ䛾䜒 ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ 䛾䜢᭷䛩䜛䚹 a ᾏᗏ䛾ୖ㒊Ỉᇦ୪䜃䛻ᾏᗏཬ䜃䛭䛾ୗ䛾ኳ↛㈨ 䠄Exclusive Economic Zone)䛸䛿䞉䞉䞉䠛 ※䠄⏕≀㈨※䛷䛒䜛䛛㠀⏕≀㈨※䛷䛒䜛䛛䜢ၥ䜟䛺 ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨56᮲ 䛔䚹䠅䛾᥈ᰝ䚸㛤Ⓨ䚸ಖᏑཬ䜃⟶⌮䛾䛯䜑䛾୺ᶒⓗᶒ ฼୪䜃䛻᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛⤒῭ⓗ䛺┠ⓗ䛷⾜ ἢᓊ䛛䜙200ᾏ㔛䛾⠊ᅖ䛷タᐃ䛷䛝䜛Ỉᇦ 䜟䜜䜛᥈ᰝཬ䜃㛤Ⓨ䛾䛯䜑䛾䛭䛾௚䛾άື䠄ᾏỈ䚸 䛭䛾୰䛷ἢᓊᅜ䛿䚸㈨※䠄⁺ᴗ䞉㖔≀䠅䛾㛤Ⓨ䞉 ᾏὶཬ䜃㢼䛛䜙䛾䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䛾⏕⏘➼䠅䛻㛵䛩䜛୺ 䛭䛾୰䛷ἢᓊᅜ䛿䚸㈨※䠄⁺ᴗ䞉㖔≀䠅䛾㛤Ⓨ䞉 ᶒⓗᶒ฼䞉䞉䞉 ㄪᰝ➼䜢⾜䛖ᶒ฼䛜ᣢ䛶䜛䟿 ㄪᰝ➼䜢⾜䛖ᶒ฼䛜ᣢ䛶䜛䟿 ƒ d ᾏὒ䛾⛉Ꮫⓗㄪᰝ e ᾏὒ⎔ቃ䛾ಖㆤཬ䜃ಖ඲

EEZ䠖ᅜ㝿♫఍䛾ほⅬ ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䠖タᐃ䛾᮲௳ ƒ EEZ䛜タᐃ䛥䜜䜛 ƒ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨䠍䠎䠍᮲ 䠙௚ᅜ䛻䛸䛳䛶䛿䚸䛭䛾⠊ᅖศ䛾බᾏ䛜ῶ䜛 䠍㡯 ᓥ䛸䛿䚸⮬↛䛻ᙧᡂ䛥䜜䛯㝣ᆅ䛷䛒䛳䛶䚸 87 බᾏ䛸䛿䠛 ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨87᮲ Ỉ䛻ᅖ䜎䜜䚸㧗₻᫬䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒Ỉ㠃ୖ䛻䛒䜛䜒 ⯟⾜䞉㈨※㛤Ⓨ䞉⛉Ꮫㄪᰝ➼䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸 䛾䜢䛔䛖䚹 䛩䜉䛶䛾ᅜ䛜⮬⏤䛻౑䛘䜛ᾏ 䠏㡯 ே㛫䛾ᒃఫཪ䛿⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䜢⥔ᣢ 䊻 EEZ䜢↓ไ㝈䛻タᐃ䛩䜛䛸䚸 䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾䛷䛝䛺䛔ᒾ䛿䚸᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䜢ᣢ බᾏ䛜ᑡ䛺䛟䛺䜚䚸୙බᖹ䟿 䛶䛺䛔 䊻タᐃ䛻୍ᐃ䛾᮲௳䛜ᚲせ䟿

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䜈䛾཯ᑐ ୰ᅜ䛻䜘䜛Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥEEZ཯ᑐ䛾⌮⏤

ƒ 2001ᖺ䡚 ƒ 2004ᖺ4᭶22᪥ 䠍䠊㈨※ ୰ᅜ䛜ྠᓥ㏆ᾏ䛷 ƒ ᪥୰஦ົᐁ⣭༠㆟ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛜䛂ᓥ䛃Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛜䛂ᓥ䛃䛷䛺䛟䛺䜛䛸䚸䛷䛺䛟䛺䜛䛸䚸 ᪥ᮏ䛾チྍ䛾䛺䛔 ᪥ᮏ䛾チྍ䛾䛺䛔 ƒ Ꮝ㕷భ䞉እົ┬䜰䝆䜰ᒁ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䜔኱㝣Ჴ䜢ᣢ䛶䛺䛔 ᾏὒㄪᰝ䜢ᐇ᪋ ๪ᒁ㛗䛂Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿䠄ᅜ 㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨121᮲ 䊻᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䜔኱㝣Ჴ䛸䛺䜛Ỉᇦ䛜 ➨3㡯䛻䛔䛖䠅䛄ᒾ䛅䛷䛒䜚䚸 䛭䛾䜎䜎බᾏ䛻䛺䜛 䛭䜜䜖䛘᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉ ᇦ䜢ᣢ䛯䛺䛔䛃 䊻୰ᅜ䜒㈨※㛤Ⓨ䛜䛷䛝䜛䟿

෗┿䛿Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ࿘㎶䜢ာᡄ䛩䜛᪥ᮏ䛾ᾏಖᕠど⯪ http://www.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/info/books/report2005/tokushu/p027.html

㸫㸫 ୰ᅜ䛻䜘䜛Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥEEZ཯ᑐ䛾⌮⏤ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䠖ᓥ䛛ᒾ䛛 2. Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾఩⨨ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿䚸୰ᅜ䛾ᑐ⡿ ƒ ᪥ᮏᨻᗓ 㜵⾨⥺䠄➨஧ิᓥ⥺䠅௜ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨䠍䠎䠍᮲ ㏆䛻఩⨨䛩䜛 䠍㡯 ᓥ䛸䛿䚸⮬↛䛻ᙧᡂ䛥䜜䛯㝣ᆅ䛷䛒䛳䛶䚸 䠙㌷஦┠ⓗ䛷䛾ᾏᅗసᡂ Ỉ䛻ᅖ䜎䜜䚸㧗₻᫬䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒Ỉ㠃ୖ䛻䛒䜛䜒 䛻䛿䚸ᾏὒㄪᰝ䛜ᚲせ 䛾䜢䛔䛖䚹 䠙EEZෆ䛾ᾏὒㄪᰝ䛿 䛻ヱᙜ䛩䜛䛂ᓥ䛃䛷䛒䜛䚹 ἢᓊᅜ(᪥ᮏ䠅䛾チྍ䛜 䠄䠏㡯䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸䛂ᒾ䛃䛾༊ูᇶ‽䚹 ᚲせ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿ඖ䚻䛂ᓥ䛃䛺䛾䛷OK䠅 ƒ http://www.shaps.hawaii.edu/securit y/us/2006/cmp-2006.html

Okinotorishima Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䠖ᓥ䛛ᒾ䛛䠛 䛂ᒾ䛃䛾ព࿡

㻟㡯䠖 ே㛫䛾ᒃఫཪ䛿⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾 ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙121᮲3㡯 䛷䛝䛺䛔ᒾ䛿䚸᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཪ䛿኱㝣Ჴ䜢᭷䛧䛺䛔 ே㛫䛾ᒃఫཪ䛿⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά ᒾ䛾ᐃ⩏䛿䛺䛔 䊻 ᵝ䚻䛺ゎ㔘ྍ⬟ ఱ䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛂ே䛾ᒃఫ䛃䛂⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䛃䛻䛺䜛䛾䛛䚸 ᐇ䛿᭕᫕ ౛㻝㻕 ᒃఫ䞉⤒῭⏕ά䛺䛡䜜䜀䜒䛿䜔ᓥ䛷䛿䛺䛟ᒾ䛸䛔䛖つᐃ䠛 ౛㻞㻕 ᒃఫ䞉⤒῭⏕ά䛷䛝䛺䛔ᒾ䛸䛷䛝䜛ᒾ䜢ศ㢮䛩䜛つᐃ䠛 ౛㻟㻕 ᒾ䛸䛿ᆅ㉁Ꮫୖ䛾ᴫᛕ䛷䚸◁䜔♋䛾ᒾ䛸༊ู䛩䜛つᐃ䠛

㻟㡯䛾䛂ᒾ䛃䛾ព࿡䛻䛿☜❧䛧䛯ゎ㔘䛜䛺䛔

Okinotorishima 䛂ே㛫䛾ᒃఫ䛃䛾ព࿡ Okinotorishima 䛂⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䛃䛾ព࿡

㻟㡯䠖 ே㛫䛾ᒃఫཪ䛿⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾 㻟㡯䠖 ே㛫䛾ᒃఫཪ䛿⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾 䛷䛝䛺䛔ᒾ䛿䚸᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཪ䛿኱㝣Ჴ䜢᭷䛧䛺䛔 䛷䛝䛺䛔ᒾ䛿䚸᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཪ䛿኱㝣Ჴ䜢᭷䛧䛺䛔 䛒䛟䜎䛷ྍ⬟ᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶ᐃ䜑䛶䛔䜛 䛒䛟䜎䛷ྍ⬟ᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶ᐃ䜑䛶䛔䜛 䛂ᒃఫྍ⬟ᛶ䛃䛻 䖃 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛷䛿Ẽ㇟ほ 䜔㔠ᒓ➼䛾 䛣䛖䛧䛯άື䛿䚸 䖃 ᓥ䛾ୖ䛷䛺䛟䛸䜒䚸䛟䜚ᢤ䛔䛶୰ ᐈほⓗᇶ‽䜢タ䛡䜛 ⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά 䛾䛿ពእ䛻㞴䛧䛔 ᭀ㟢ᐇ㦂䛜⾜䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛 䛻ఫ䜣䛷䜒Ⰻ䛔䠛 䜢Ⴀ䜐ྍ⬟ᛶ䛾 䖃 ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ䛷䛾⁺ᴗάື䛿䠛 䖃 㣧ᩱỈ䛾Ꮡᅾ䠛⏕ά䛻ᚲせ䛺 䛚㔠䜢䛛䛡䜜䜀 ドᣐ䛻䛺䜚䛖䜛 䜒䛧䛟䛿 䛣䜜䜢⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䛾ドᣐ䛸䛧䛶 ≀⏘䛾⏕⏘ຊ䠛 ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䛜㐍Ṍ ዲពⓗ䛻ᤊ䛘䜛Ꮫㄝ䜒䛒䜛 䖃 ⮬⤥⮬㊊䛜ᚲせ䠛እ㒊ᨭ᥼䛿䝎䝯䠛 䛩䜜䜀ྍ⬟䛸䛺䜛

㸫㸫 Rockall ᓥ䠛ᒾ䠛ᾏእ䛾㢮ఝᐇ⾜䛾ゎỴ⟇ 䝻䝑䝁䞊䝹ᓥ(ⱥᅜ)

ᐇ䛿ྠᵝ䛾஦౛䛜ᩘከ䛟䛒䜚䚸 ᵝ䚻䛺ᅜ䛜䛭䛖䛧䛯ᆅᙧ䜢䛂ᓥ䛃䛸䛧䛯䜚䚸 ㏫䛻䛂ᒾ䛃䛸䛩䜛䚹

ⱥᅜ㡿 Rockall (䝻䝑䝁䞊䝹)ᓥ つᶍ䠖⣙624ᖹ᪉m

Rockall 䝻䝑䝁䞊䝹ᓥ(ⱥᅜ) Rockall 䜴䜵䞊䝤䝷䞁䝗஦௳ 1997ᖺ䚸⎔ቃಖㆤᅋయ䜾䝸䞊䞁䝢䞊䝇䛜䚸Ἔ⏣㛤Ⓨ䜈䛾ᢠ㆟άື䛸䛧䛶 1955ᖺ䛻ⱥᅜ㡿⦅ධ 䝻䝑䝁䞊䝹ᓥ䜢༨ᣐ䚸ᑠᒇ䜢ᘓ䛶䛶⊂❧ᅜᐙ䛂䜴䜵䞊䝤䝷䞁䝗䛃䜢ᐉゝ䚹 ⱥᅜᨻᗓ䛿᏶඲䛻↓ど䛧䛯 1964ᖺ ⁺ᴗỈᇦἲ䚸኱㝣Ჴἲ 1976ᖺ 200ᾏ㔛⁺ᴗỈᇦタᐃ 1997ᖺ ⱥᅜ䛾ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ຍධ ᫬䛻EEZ䛾タᐃ䜢᩿ᛕ

“UNITED NATIONS NO NEW OIL”

Clipperton Aves 䜽䝸䝑䝟䞊䝖䞁ᓥ(䝣䝷䞁䝇) 䜰䝧䝇ᓥ(䝧䝛䝈䜶䝷)

䝇䝧䝸䝠䝴⛉(purslane)䛾᳜≀ 䛻そ䜟䜜䛯◁䛾ᓥ䚹 500m x 150m(᭱኱), 500m x 50m(᭱ᑠ)䚹 ᓥ䛿⎔♋䛷䚸࿘ᅖ⣙12䜻䝻䚸㍯䛾ᖹᆒⓗ䛺ᖜ䛿⣙ 㫽䛸ட䛜⏕ᜥ䛧䚸᏶඲䛺⏕ែ⣔ 200m䚹㝣ᆅ㠃✚䛿1.6ᖹ᪉䜻䝻(1ᖹ᪉䝬䜲䝹௨ୗ) 䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩䜛䚹䜹䝸䝤ᾏ䛾ட䛿䛣 EEZタᐃ 䛾ᓥ䛻༸䜢⏘䜏䛻ゼ䜜䜛䚹 EEZタᐃ

㸫㸫 䛂ᓥ䛃䛛䛂ᒾ䛃䛛䠛 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾ၥ㢟䠖ᅜ㝿ⓗ䛺ព࿡

ƒ ᩘከ䛟䛾㢮ఝ஦౛ ƒ ᅜ㝿ἲ䛾ά⏝䛸ᅜ㝿♫఍䜈䛾ാ䛝䛛䛡 䠙䛂ᓥ䛃䛛䛂ᒾ䛃䛛䚸121᮲䛾ゎ㔘䛿䜎䛰ᐃ䜎䛳䛶 䞉Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿᪥ᮏ䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䚸ே㢮䛻᭷┈䛛䠛䞉Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿᪥ᮏ䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䚸ே㢮䛻᭷┈䛛䠛 䛔䛺䛔䚹 䠙ᾏὒ⎔ቃಖㆤ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䜒䛂ᓥ䛃䛻䛺䜚䛖䜛䚹 ௚䛾㢮ఝ஦౛䛷䛿䚸௚ᅜ䛿ᓥ䛾࿘㎶䛾EEZ䛷 ✚ᴟⓗ䛻ᾏὒ⎔ቃಖㆤ䜢ᐇ᪋ 䠟䡂䠖ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨56᮲䛿ᶒ฼䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟⩏ົ䜢 つᐃ䟿

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾ၥ㢟䠖ᅜ㝿ⓗ䛺ព࿡ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾ၥ㢟䠖ᅜ㝿ⓗ䛺ព࿡

ƒ ᅜ㝿ἲ䛾ά⏝䛸ᅜ㝿♫఍䜈䛾ാ䛝䛛䛡 ƒ ᅜ㝿ἲ䛾ά⏝䛸ᅜ㝿♫఍䜈䛾ാ䛝䛛䛡 䞉ᾏ㠃ୖ᪼䛻䜘䜛ᓥ䛾Ỉἐ䛻ⱞ䛧䜐ᓥ䚻䛸䛾 䖩Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䜢䛷䛝䜛㝈䜚䚸121᮲1㡯䛻ἢ䛖䜘䛖䛺 㐃ᦠ ᆅᙧ䛻䛩䜛䟿 (ᅜ஺┬䞉Ỉ⏘ᗇ䞉ᮾி㒔䠅 䞉䝃䞁䝂䛾ᇵ㣴 䞉᭷Ꮝ⹸(ᫍ䛾◁䠅䛾ሁ✚ 䞉⏘ᴗ䛾᣺⯆(⁺ᴗ䚸 㖔ᴗ䚸Ẽ㇟䝕䞊䝍᥇ྲྀ䠅

䝒䝞䝹䛾㤳㒔䝣䝘䝣䝏䛜䛒䜛䝣䜷䞁䜺䝣䜯䝺ᓥ

ᾏእ䛾ᐇ⾜䠖ඹ㏻䛩䜛≉Ⰽ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙➨56᮲䠖෌⪃

ƒ ༢䛻䛂ᓥ䛃䛸䛧䛶䚸㈨※䜢⊂༨䛩䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸 ƒ ➨56᮲ ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛ἢᓊᅜ䛾ᶒ฼䚸⟶ ƒ ㎄ᶒཬ䜃⩏ົ ᾏὒ⎔ቃಖㆤ䛺䛹䛾⩏ົ䜢ᐇ᪋䚹 ƒ 䠍 ἢᓊᅜ䛿䚸᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸ḟ䛾䜒 䛾䜢᭷䛩䜛䚹 䠙㈨※䛾⊂༨䛿୍ᅜ䛾䜏䛾฼┈䛷䛒䜛䛜䚸 a ᾏᗏ䛾ୖ㒊Ỉᇦ୪䜃䛻ᾏᗏཬ䜃䛭䛾ୗ䛾ኳ↛㈨ ᾏὒ⎔ቃ䛾ಖㆤ䛿 ※䠄⏕≀㈨※䛷䛒䜛䛛㠀⏕≀㈨※䛷䛒䜛䛛䜢ၥ䜟䛺 䛔䚹䠅䛾᥈ᰝ䚸㛤Ⓨ䚸ಖᏑཬ䜃⟶⌮䛾䛯䜑䛾୺ᶒⓗᶒ ே㢮ඹ㏻䛾฼┈䛾ಖㆤ䛻䛴䛺䛜䜛䟿 ฼୪䜃䛻᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛⤒῭ⓗ䛺┠ⓗ䛷⾜ 䜟䜜䜛᥈ᰝཬ䜃㛤Ⓨ䛾䛯䜑䛾䛭䛾௚䛾άື䠄ᾏỈ䚸 䠙᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛾ἢᓊᅜ䛾ᶒ฼䛰䠙᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛾ἢᓊᅜ䛾ᶒ฼䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䚸䛡䛷䛺䛟䚸 ᾏὶཬ䜃㢼䛛䜙䛾䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䛾⏕⏘➼䠅䛻㛵䛩䜛୺ ⩏ົ䛾ഃ㠃䛾ᐇ᪋ ᶒⓗᶒ฼䞉䞉䞉 ƒ d ᾏὒ䛾⛉Ꮫⓗㄪᰝ e ᾏὒ⎔ቃ䛾ಖㆤཬ䜃ಖ඲

㸫㸫 Okinotorishima ྛᶵ㛵䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏 ௒ᚋ䛾ᨻ⟇䛿䠛 ƒ ᮾி㒔䛜Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ࿘㎶䛷⁺ᴗάື 䜎䛯䚸ᾏὒ ᗘᕪⓎ㟁䛾䝥䝷䞁䝖タ⨨䛺䛹䜢᳨ウ ƒ ⅉྎ䛾タ⨨ ƒ ᾏୖಖᏳᗇ䛜ⅉྎ䜢ᘓタ 䠄ᾏୖಖᏳᗇ䠅 ƒ ⛉Ꮫ䊻 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䜢⮬↛䛾ຊ䛷෌⏕䛥䛫䜛䛣䛸䛿䛷䛝䜛䛛䠛 http://www.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/info/kouhou/ h19/k20070316/o070316.pdf ㈨㔠䊻 䝖䝑䝥䞉䝺䝧䝹䞉䝗䝯䜲䞁䛾ྲྀᚓ䛿䠛 ƒ ᾋ㨶♋タ⨨(ᮾி㒔䠅 ᅜ㝿㛵ಀ䊻 ᬮ໬䛷ᾏ㠃ୖ᪼䛻ᝎ䜐௚䛾ᓥᕋᅜ䛸䛾㐃ᦠ䛿䠛

http://www.sangyo-rodo.metro.tokyo.jpodo .me tr o.tokyo.j p/ norin/suisan/okinotorishima/gyokakugaiyou/ index.htmindex.html l 䝒䝞䝹䛾㤳㒔䝣䝘䝣䝏䛜䛒䜛䝣䜷䞁䜺䝣䜯䝺ᓥ

䛚䜟䜚䛻

ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ䛷䛿䚸 ➇⯲䛾஺௜㔠䛻䜘䜛᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋ䛾ᨭ᥼䜢ཷ䛡䛶䚸 ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ䛸♫఍⛉Ꮫ䛾୧㠃䛛䜙 䛂Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾⥔ᣢ෌⏕䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄪᰝ◊✲䛃 䜢ᐇ᪋䛧䛶䛚䜚䜎䛩䚹

ᮏㅮ₇䛿஦ᴗ䛾䜰䜴䝖䝸䞊䝏άື䛾୍⎔䛷䛒䜚䚸 䛤ᨭ᥼䛔䛯䛰䛔䛶䛔䜛᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋ䛿䛨䜑䚸 㛵ಀྛ఩䛻ཌ䛟ᚚ♩⏦䛧ୖ䛢䜎䛩䚹

㸫㸫 㸦㸰㸧᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊 ㅮ⩏㈨ᩱ

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ 䡚఩⨨䡚

ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ 㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ ఩⨨ ி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤ 䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䜘䜚 ໭⦋ 20ᗘ25ศ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾ᢪ䛘䜛ၥ㢟䛸 ᮾ⤒ 136ᗘ05ศ

⥔ᣢ෌⏕䛻㛵䛩䜛ᢏ⾡ⓗㄢ㢟䛻䛴䛔䛶 ᑠ➟ཎㅖᓥ䛾∗ᓥ䛛䜙 => 910 km ᮾி㒔༊ෆ䛛䜙 => 1,740 km Ἀ኱ᮾᓥ䛛䜙 => 670 km (୍␒㏆䛔) ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ ఫᡤ ◊✲ဨ ὸ἟㈗அ 䛈100-2100 ᮾி㒔ᑠ➟ཎᮧ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ1␒ᆅ䠄໭ᑠᓥ䠅 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ2␒ᆅ䠄ᮾᑠᓥ䠅

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ 䡚ᆅᙧ䡚 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ 䡚Ẽ㇟䞉ᾏ㇟䡚

• ‽༟♋䛻ศ㢮䛥䜜䜛䝃䞁䝂♋䠄࿘㎶㒊䛾ὸ䛔㒊ศ䠙♋ᕊ䠅䛸䚸 ෆ㒊䛾Ỉ῝3䡚5䡉䛾㒊ศ(䠙♋ụ)䛛䜙䛺䜛䚹 • Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾࿘ᅖ䛿䚸ᛴ䛻῝䛟䛺䛳䛶䛚䜚䚸Ỉ῝䛿4,000䡚7,000䡉 • ᖺ㛫䛾Ẽ 䛜24䡚30䉝䚸ྎ㢼䛾Ⓨ⏕䛩䜛ᾏᇦ䛻㏆䛟䚸 䛻ཬ䜆䚹䜎䛯䚸᩿㠃䛿䚸ᐩኈᒣ䛻ఝ䛯ᙧ≧䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹 ẖᖺከ䛟䛾ྎ㢼䛜㏻㐣䛩䜛䚹 5 10 15 20 25 km 0 ABCD 1,000 • Ἴ䛾㧗䛥䛿䚸ᖺᖹᆒ䛷1.3䡉䚸ྎ㢼䛺䛹䛾᭱኱᫬䛿16m

2,000 䜢㉺䛘䜛Ἴ䛜Ⓨ⏕䛩䜛䚹᪥ᮏ䛷᭱䜒ཝ䛧䛔ᾏ䛸䛔䛘䜛䚹

3,000

4,000 ῝䛥 ᮾி㒔⏘ᴗປാᒁ㎰ᯘỈ⏘㒊䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䜘䜚 (m)

ᮾி㒔⏘ᴗປാᒁ㎰ᯘỈ⏘㒊䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䜘䜚

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ 䡚෗┿䡚 ᪥ᮏ䛾㡿ᾏ➼䛾ᴫᛕᅗ

Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ෗┿㤋䜘䜚 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ෗┿㤋䜘䜚Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ෗┿㤋䜘䜚

ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ 㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ ໭ᑠᓥ ほ ᪋タ ᮾᑠᓥ ி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤ 䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䜘䜚

ᾏὒ䛾༊ศ䠄᭶ห䛂೺ㄽ䛃䜘䜚䠅 䡇䡉

ほ ᇶ┙ 1.7

➃⯲Ỉ㊰ 4.5 䡇䡉 ᾏୖಖᏳᗇᾏὒ᝟ሗ㒊䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䜘䜚

㸫㸫 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䡚᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䡚 ኱Ꮫ⏕䛾ⓙ䛥䜣䜈 ᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䠄exclusive economic zone; EEZ䠅

䛂᪥ᮏ䛾᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛃䜘䜚

ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ 㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁ ி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤ 䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆䜘䜚

⣙䠐䠌୓km 2 䛾᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ

䈜 ᪥ᮏ䛾ᅜᅵ ⣙38୓km 2

ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ ஦ᴗ䛾⤂௓䝟䞁䝣䝺䝑䝖䜘䜚 ཧ⪃䠅 1ᾏ㔛 = 1,852[m] 䞉䞉䞉㉥㐨ୖ䛻䛚䛡䜛1ศ䛾㛗䛥

኱Ꮫ⏕䛾ⓙ䛥䜣䜈 Ṕྐ 䠍ᾏ㔛䜢ᛀ䜜䛯䜙䞉䞉䞉 1977ᖺ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䜅䛟䜐᪥ᮏ඲ᅵ䛷200ᾏ㔛⁺ᴗỈᇦタᐃ 1 1982ᖺ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙᥇ᢥ 1+ 7 = 8 1987䡚93ᖺ ᮾᑠᓥ䞉໭ᑠᓥㆤᓊᕤ஦ (ᕤ஦㈝⣙300൨෇) 8+ 7 = 15 1996ᖺἈ䝜㫽ᓥྵ䜐᪥ᮏ඲ᅵ䛷200ᾏ㔛EEZタᐃ䚸Ⓨຠ 15 + 7 = 22 2004ᖺ 4᭶ ኱㝣Ჴ䛻㛵䛩䜛᪥୰༠㆟䛷䚸୰ᅜᨻᗓ䛜䛂Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ 1䛾఩䜢䛴䛺䛢䜛䛸 䛿EEZ䛾タᐃ䛷䛝䛺䛔䛄ᒾ䛅䛷䛒䜛䛃䛸Ⓨゝ => 1852 !! Yahoo!䜹䝺䞁䝎䞊 2004ᖺ 11᭶ ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋ䛂Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾᭷ຠ฼⏝䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛯どᐹᅋ䛃 䛸䛣䜝䛷䚸1䝜䝑䝖䛿䛹䛾䛟䜙䛔䛾㏿䛥䠛 ୖ㝣 1䝜䝑䝖 => 1,852.0 [m/hour] => 30.0 [m/minute] => 0.5 [m/second]

ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙

ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙ (1982ᖺ᥇ᢥ䚸94ᖺⓎຠ䚸96ᖺ᪥ᮏᢈ෸) Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏 ➨121᮲ᓥ䛾ไᗘ 1 ᓥ䛸䛿䚸⮬↛䛻ᙧᡂ䛥䜜䛯㝣ᆅ䛷䛒䛳䛶䚸Ỉ䛻ᅖ䜎䜜䚸 ‶₻᫬䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒Ỉ㠃ୖ䛻䛒䜛䜒䛾䜢䛔䛖䚹 • ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ 2 䠏䛻ᐃ䜑䜛ሙྜ䜢㝖䛟䜋䛛䚸ᓥ䛾㡿ᾏ䚸᥋⥆Ỉᇦ䚸᤼௚ⓗ • Ỉ⏘ᗇ ⤒῭Ỉᇦཬ䜃኱㝣Ჴ䛿䚸௚䛾㡿ᅵ䛻㐺⏝䛥䜜䜛䛣䛾᮲⣙ • ᮾி㒔 䛾つᐃ䛻ᚑ䛳䛶Ỵᐃ䛥䜜䜛䚹 3 ே㛫䛾ᒃఫཪ䛿⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾 䛷䛝䛺䛔ᒾ䛿䚸᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦཪ䛿኱㝣Ჴ䜢᭷䛧䛺䛔䚹

㸫㸫 ᮾி㒔䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏 ᮾி㒔䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏

1) ᖹᡂ17ᖺᗘ䛛䜙䚸ᑠ➟ཎᓥ⁺ᴗ༠ྠ⤌ྜ䛻䜘䜛Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ࿘㎶ 3) ᖹᡂ17ᖺ7᭶11᪥䡚8᭶8᪥ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾䝟䝛䝹ᒎ♧ ᾏᇦ䛷䛾⁺ᴗ᧯ᴗ䜢ᨭ᥼䚹 ᒎ♧ෆᐜ䠗 どᐹ䛾≧ἣ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾≧ἣ䠄㝣ୖ䚸⎔♋ෆእ䛾Ỉ୰䠅 2) ᖹᡂ17ᖺ5᭶20᪥䛻▱஦どᐹ ⁺ᴗ᧯ᴗᨭ᥼䛾≧ἣ (1) ᓥ䛾⟶⌮䞉ಖ඲≧ἣ ௒ᚋ䛾㈨※㛤Ⓨ䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䠄ᾏὒ ᗘᕪⓎ㟁䛺䛹䠅 䞉䞉䞉⎔♋ෆእ䛾⌧ἣ䜢⥲ᣓⓗ䛻どᐹ 䠄ᓥ䛾ᆅᙧ䚸᪋タཬ䜃䝃䞁䝂➼䛾≧ἣ䠅 4) ᖹᡂ18ᖺ6᭶27᪥ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛻㛵䛩䜛ㅮ₇఍䛾㛤ദ䛸ᒎ♧ (2) ⁺ᴗ᧯ᴗ≧ἣ 䠄㒔Ẹ䝩䞊䝹䛻䛶䠅 ((ᮾᑠᓥ䛷᪥䛾୸䜢ᥖ䛢䜛▼ཎ▱஦ᮾᑠᓥ䛛䜙䝎䜲䝡䞁䜾䛩䜛▼ཎ▱஦)) 䞉ᑠ➟ཎᓥ⁺ᴗ༠ྠ⤌ྜ䛾⁺ᴗ᧯ᴗ䛾≧ἣ 䞉㨶♋䛾タ⨨䛺䛹䚸⁺ሙᩚഛ䛻ྥ䛡䛯ㄪᰝ䛾≧ἣ 5) Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥᫎീ㈨ᩱ኱⣔䛾〇స䠄ᖹᡂ18䡚19ᖺ䠅 䠄䛂➨஬᭷⁺୸䛃䛾᧯ᴗ≧ἣ䚸Ỉ⏘㈨※䞉ᾏᇦ䛾≧ἣ䚸㈨※ቑṪ ᑓ㛛ጤဨ఍䜢タ⨨䛧䚸Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ᅜẸ䛾⌮ゎ䜢῝䜑䜛䛣䛸䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䚸 䛾䛯䜑䛾䝅䝬䜰䝆✀ⱑ䛾ᨺὶ ➼䠅 ྛ⦅୍᫬㛫⛬䛾ᫎീ㈨ᩱ䜢ྜィ䛷7ᕳసᡂ䛩䜛ணᐃ䚹䠄5ᕳ〇స῭䠅 (3) ᓥ䛾฼ά⏝䚸㈨※㛤Ⓨ䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ 䞉ከゅⓗ䛺ᓥ䛾฼ά⏝䚸㈨※㛤Ⓨ䛻䛴䛔䛶どᐹ 䠄ほග㈨※䛸䛧䛶䛾ᓥ䛾฼ά⏝ ➼䠅

ᮾி㒔䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏 ᮾி㒔䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏

6) ᖹᡂ18䡚20ᖺ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥά⏝᥎㐍䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖 18ᖺᗘ஦ᴗ㈝ 13൨෇䠄㔜Ⅼ஦ᴗ19䠅 (1) ᾋ䛝㨶♋䛾タ⨨➼䛾ᨭ᥼ ⯆ὒ ┠ⓗ䠗 䜹䝒䜸䚸䝬䜾䝻⁺ᴗ䛾᧯ᴗᨭ᥼ 䝅䝬䜰䝆䛾⛶㨶ᨺὶཬ䜃ᾋ䛝㨶♋タ⨨䛻䜘䜛⁺ሙ㐀ᡂ ᐇ᪋䠗 ᖹᡂ19ᖺ1᭶䚸࿘㎶5䡚10km䛾⠊ᅖ䛻኱Ỉ῝ᾋ䛝㨶♋3ᇶᢞධ䚹 ௒ᚋ䚸㞟㨶ຠᯝ䛾䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䜢ணᐃ䚹 (2) ࿘㎶ᾏᇦ䛾ㄪᰝ䞉┘ど ┠ⓗ䠗 ㄪᰝᣦᑟ⯪䛾ᘓ㐀䛺䛹䛻䜘䜛┘どᙉ໬ 䈜 ⁺ᴗㄪᰝᣦᑟ⯪䛾ᙺ๭䠖⁺ሙㄪᰝ䚸⁺ሙ㛤ᣅ䚸⁺ᴗྲྀ⥾䜚 ➼ ⯆ὒ䛿ᖹᡂ19ᖺ3᭶9᪥䠄㔠䠅䛻୍⯡බ㛤䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹

7) ᖹᡂ19ᖺᗘ䚸20ᖺᗘ䛻ᾏὒ῝ᒙỈ䛻䜘䜛⁺ሙ㐀ᡂ䛾᳨ウ䚹 䛂ᾋ㨶♋䛃䛸䛾┦஌ຠᯝ䛻䜘䜚䚸䜘䜚㇏䛛䛺⁺ሙ䜢㐀ᡂ䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸 http://www.ifarc.metro.tokyo.jp/enkaku-soshiki/cyousasen/kouyou3/kouyou.htm ᾏὒ῝ᒙỈ䛻䜘䜛⁺ሙ㐀ᡂ䜢᳨ウ䚹

ᮾி㒔䛾᪉㔪 ⥔ᣢ෌⏕ィ⏬

ᖹᡂ18ᖺ5᭶26᪥ ▼ཎ▱஦ᐃ౛グ⪅఍ぢ䜘䜚 • Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛿䚸ᅜᅵ㠃✚䛻༉ᩛ䛩䜛᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ䜢ᨭ䛘䜛 㔜せ䛺䝫䜲䞁䝖䛷䛒䜛䚹 • 䛭䜜䛜᪥ᮏ䛾⤒῭Ỉᇦ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䜢ᐇド䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸 㒔䛿ᅜ䛻ඛ㥑䛡䛶⤒῭άື䛸䛧䛶⁺ᴗ᧯ᴗ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷䛝䛯䚹 • ௒ᖺᗘ䠄᫖ᖺᗘ䠅䛾ᐇ⦼䛷䜒䚸⣙56䝖䞁䛾Ỉᥭ䛢䛜䛒䜛䛺䛹 ኱䛝䛺ᡂᯝ䜢ୖ䛢䛶䛝䛯䚹 • ௒ᖺᗘ䜒䚸ᆅඖᑠ➟ཎ䛾⁺⯪䜢⏝⯪䛧䛯᧯ᴗᨭ᥼䛺䛹䚸 䛥䜙䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛷㐍䜑䜛䚹

䈜 ᗘᕪⓎ㟁䜒ྠᵝ䛾⪃䛘䠛

ᖹᡂ16ᖺᗘ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ෌⏕ィ⏬ ሗ࿌᭩䠄SOF䠅䜘䜚

㸫㸫 Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ⥔ᣢ෌⏕䝬䝇䝍䞊䝥䝷䞁 ⥔ᣢ෌⏕ィ⏬ ᢏ⾡㠃 ἲᚊ㠃 1. ⌧ἣศᯒ ㏣ 䞉Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ ᓥ䛾ᆅ఩䛸つᶍ䛾㛵ಀ ᓥ䛾ᐃ⩏䛸ἲⓗㄢ㢟 ຍ 䞉䛭䛾௚஦౛ 䊻 ⌧ᅾ䛾Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䜢 䠍䠊ᾏὒἲ᮲⣙䠍䠎䠍᮲ ㄪ ⥔ᣢor䜘䜚኱䛝䛟䠛 䞉⮬↛䛻ᙧᡂ䛥䜜䛯 ᰝ 2. ෌⏕ᓥ䝕䝄䜲䞁 䞉ே㛫䛾ᒃఫ 䞉⊂⮬䛾⤒῭ⓗ⏕ά 䞉ሙᡤ ෌ 䠎䠊䛭䛾 ௚ ᳨ 䞉つᶍ ཎᮦᩱ䛻㛵䛩䜛ἲⓗㄢ㢟 䞉ᮇ㛫 䞉඲䛶䛾✀䠄ཎᩱ䠅䛜ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䜛䛛䠛 ウ ᓥ䛾฼⏝ 䊻⌧Ꮡ✀䛺䜙ྍ䠛 (ᮾி㒔) 䠍䠊ἲⓗᆅ఩ 3. ཎᮦᩱ䛾᳨ウ 䞉ཎᩱ䛾⛣᳜䠋ቑṪ䛜ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䜛䛛䠛 䠎䠊᭷ຠ฼⏝ 䞉ཎᩱ ⿵ 䈜Ỉ⏘㈨※䚸ほග㈨※ ṇ 䞉㔞 ሁ✚ຠ⋡໬᧯స䛾ἲⓗㄢ㢟 4. ሁ✚ຠ⋡໬᧯స䛾᳨ウ ᅜ 䞉ὶືไᚚ䠄ேᕤᵓ㐀≀䛾タ⨨䞉฼⏝䠅 㐲㝸㞳ᓥ⟶⌮ ⿵ 䞉ὶືไᚚ 㝿 䛿ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䜛䛛䠛 䞉ၥ㢟Ⅼ ༠ ṇ 䞉Ᏻᐃ᧯స 䞉Ᏻᐃ᧯స䠄ேᕤ᳜᱂䚸Ᏻᐃ๣➼䠅 䞉ᐇ⾜౛ ຊ 䞉䛭䛾௚ 䛿ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䜛䛛䠛 ၥ咁 㢟 5. ᳨ド ἲⓗၥ㢟叏吆呁叹 ኴᖹὒᓥᕋᅜ 叏 ඹ 䞉ᐇ ᾏ ᇦᐇ 㦂 䠍䠊ၥ㢟Ⅼ 䞉Ỉ ᵴ ᐇ㦂 ᭷ ⢭ᗘ᳨ド 䞉⮬↛⅏ᐖ䠄▷ᮇ䠅 ໬ 䞉ᩘ ್ ᐇ㦂 䞉ᾏ㠃ୖ᪼䛻䜘䜛 Ỉἐ 咂 ෌⏕䝰䝕䝹 䞉ᢏ⾡୙㊊ ᢏ⾡ⓗၥ㢟䛾䜽䝸 䜰 ᏶ᡂ 䞉䛭䛾௚䠄⤒῭㠃➼䠅 䠎䠊ᑐ⟇ ᓥᕋᅜ䜈䛾ᢏ⾡⛣㌿䚸㐺⏝ 䞉▷ᮇⓗᑐ⟇䠄⮬↛⅏ᐖ䠅 ᖹᡂ16ᖺᗘ Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ෌⏕ィ⏬ ሗ࿌᭩䠄SOF䠅䜘䜚 䞉㛗ᮇⓗᑐ⟇

ᢏ⾡ㄢ㢟 ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ

• ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ 㛵ᮾᆅ᪉ᩚഛᒁி὾Ἑᕝ஦ົᡤ䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆 1) 䝃䞁䝂䚸᭷Ꮝ⹸䜢⏝䛔䛯Ὢᓥᙧᡂᢏ⾡ http://www.keihin.ktr.mlit.go.jp/index_top.html • ᮾி㒔䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆 http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ 2) Ὢᓥᙧᡂ䛾ຠ⋡䜢ୖ䛢䜛ᢏ⾡ • Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ෗┿㤋 • ὶືไᚚ䠄◁䜢㞟䜑䜛䠈እ䛻㏨䛜䛥䛺䛔䠅 http://homepage2.nifty.com/shot/okinotori.htm • Ᏻᐃ໬᧯స䠄ேᕤ᳜᱂䚸Ᏻᐃ๣➼䠅 • ᾏୖಖᏳᗇᾏὒ᝟ሗ㒊䝩䞊䝮䝨䞊䝆 http://www1.kaiho.mlit.go.jp/ • ᭶ห䛂೺ㄽ䛃 2000ᖺ䠔᭶ቑหྕ䞉ᅜ㐃ᾏὒἲ䛾ゎㄝ http://www.geocities.co.jp/WallStreet/7009/mag0008x.htm ᾏὒᘓ⠏ᕤᏛ䛾❧ሙ䛛䜙䚸✚ᴟⓗ䛺䛤ពぢ䜢䟿䟿 • ᪥ᮏ䛾᤼௚ⓗ⤒῭Ỉᇦ http://www.h5.dion.ne.jp/~s_coral/webmaster/haitatekikeizaisuiiki.html

䛚䜟䜚䛻

ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ䛷䛿䚸 ➇⯲䛾஺௜㔠䛻䜘䜛᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋ䛾ᨭ᥼䜢ཷ䛡䛶䚸 ⮬↛⛉Ꮫ䛸♫఍⛉Ꮫ䛾୧㠃䛛䜙 䛂Ἀ䝜㫽ᓥ䛾⥔ᣢ෌⏕䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄪᰝ◊✲䛃 䜢ᐇ᪋䛧䛶䛚䜚䜎䛩䚹

ᮏㅮ₇䛿஦ᴗ䛾䜰䜴䝖䝸䞊䝏άື䛾୍⎔䛷䛒䜚䚸 䛤ᨭ᥼䛔䛯䛰䛔䛶䛔䜛᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋ䛿䛨䜑䚸 㛵ಀྛ఩䛻ཌ䛟ᚚ♩⏦䛧ୖ䛢䜎䛩䚹

㸫㸫 㸦㸱㸧༡ኴᖹὒ኱Ꮫ࣭ኴᖹὒㅖᓥࣇ࢛࣮࣒࣭ࣛኴᖹὒᛂ⏝ᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫጤဨ఍ㅮ₇㈨ᩱ

1. Introduction Sep., 2007

Okinotorishima Ru ss ia # Location - On the south of the tropic of the C ancer 䊻 䠄 136㼻05’ E, 20㼻25’N䠅 Terri torial Waters the only land, belonging to Tropics in Japan Introduction of Okinotorishima 䊻 - On the Kyusyu Palau Ridge

Contiguous Zone - On the vicinity of the Subtropical Front Korea Japan China # Current field around the Islands Pacific Ocean - In terms of circulation at surface, 䊻 Large variability of the current system Exclusive and Economic Zone Maiwa, Kazuyuki 䊻 Small amplitude of annual mean currents 1740km # Vast Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 1100km Research Fellow 䊻 over 400,000km**2

Policy Research Department Okinotorishima Ocean Policy Research Foundation

Schematic diagram of the territorial waters of Japan etc. http://www1.kaiho.mlit.go. jp/JOD C/ryokai/ ry okai_ sets uzoku.html

Characteristics of Okinotorishima Characteristics of Okinotorishima Results from observation by Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and

# Scale Technology (JAMSTEC) - Width; 4.5km (Zonal)䚸1.7km (M eridional) N 1. Seasonal variability of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) - Area; 7.8km**2 - Depth in the m oat; 3䡚5m

# Classification of the Coral Reef Higashi- -Table Reef Kita- kojima kojima # Difference of the warming period

# Geographically isolated, biological recruitment 䊻 Shift of the warm pool that extends out of the islands is cruc ially restricte d the sea surface in the South Pacific Station 䊻 Change of the winds over the sea surface # Two small islands, called as Kitakojima and Higashikojima are above the ocean surface 1.7km Base of at high tide and about 20 islands at low tide. ob se rvat ion # Effects on the climate in the summer around Japan

4.5km

Okinotorishima’s brief history of the possession 2. Typhoons

# Okinotorishima is located on the passage of typhoons, which tend to approach to Japan 1931 After WWI, the islands were incorporated in Japanese territory

1952 After WWII, the islands were put under the U.S. trusteeship

1968 The administration of the islands with Minami-torishima and Ogasawara islands, was returned to Japan Track of typhoons generated from 1993 to 199 8. Red line shows the track, which entered within the diameter of 500km Time series of win d ve loci ty (r ed li ne) and atmospheric pressure (blue centredon Okinotorishima. line) from 6th , to 19 th August, 1997

# Sudden decrease of the wind velocity accompanied with the passage of the eye

# Association with El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO)

㸫㸫 Importance for the restoration and maintenance of the status as islands # Fisheries Agency # Establishment of EEZ and continental shelf - Observational research of marine biology, marine resources, tidal currents, etc # Base of observation without effects from land not only in domestic point of view but also in international point of view - Development of the producing technique for young plants of coral 䊻 set as the goal on a guideline for transplantation of coral Problem # Difference of the interpretations by the states for the text of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS); for definition of islands (Clause 1, Article 121) and for # Tokyo Metropolitan Government reference for rocks (Clause 3, Article 121) and artificial islands (Clause 8, Article 60) - Aid to setting up floating fish reef Our projects to date - Watching and research of the surrounding sea - Analytical research for coral and foraminifera that have a potential for the restoration - Studies about a legal basis in UNCLOS for the jurisdiction of the islands Our proposals triggered these public projects after 2005 Implementation of Japanese public organisation # Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Japan (MLIT Japan) - Construction for maintenance 1987-1989 Embankment work for maintenance of Kita-kojima and Higashi-kojima 1990-1993 Construction for the base of observation 1998 Protection of Higashi-kojima by titanium net

2006-2007 Protection of Kita-kojima by titanium net

- Research for topography, geological feature and observation of meteorology, oceanographic phenonena, longshore drift, currents, hydrology at the field

㸫㸫                      

 ࡇࡢሗ࿌᭩ࡣࠊ➇⯲஺௜㔠࡟ࡼࡿ᪥ᮏ㈈ᅋࡢຓᡂ㔠ࢆཷࡅ࡚సᡂࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ

ᖹᡂ㸯㸷ᖺᗘ ࠕἈࣀ㫽ᓥࡢ⥔ᣢ෌⏕࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࠖሗ࿌᭩

ᖹᡂ㸰㸮ᖺ㸱᭶Ⓨ⾜

Ⓨ⾜ ᾏὒᨻ⟇◊✲㈈ᅋ (㈈ᅋἲே㺚㺍㺪㺽࣭㺏㺻㺢㺼࣭㺓㺎㺚㺊㺻㈈ᅋ)

ࠛ105-0001 ᮾி㒔 ༊⹡ࣀ㛛1-15-16 ᾏὒ⯪⯧ࣅࣝ TEL 03-3502-1828 FAX 03-3502-2033 http://www.sof.or.jp  ᮏ᭩ࡢ↓᩿㌿㍕ࠊ」෗ࠊ」〇ࢆ⚗ࡌࡲࡍࠋ ISBN 978-4-88404-202-8