DOCSLIB.ORG

'Norton' Grapevine Is Resistant to Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
'Norton' Grapevine Is Resistant to Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus ‘Norton’ Grapevine is Resistant to Grapevine Vein Clearing Virus Wenping Qiu, Sylvia M Petersen, Susanne Howard, Xiangmei Zhang, and Kai Qiao Center for Grapevine Biotechnology, The Darr College of Agriculture, Missouri State University Virus Resistance in ❖ Identification of resistance genes Grapevines to viruses in Vitis rarely reported ❖ Resistance to viruses highly 2 desirable trait GVCV ❖ DNA virus ❖ Vein- endemic to clearing, our area stunted vine, death of 3 infected vine ❖ Deformed berries GVCV ❖ Native ❖ Discovered A. ❖ Found grape grapevines cordata as aphids (A. host the viral reservoir illinoisensis) virus ≈ 10% ≈ 34% are a vector 4 (19/186) (142/413) GVCV ❖ Native ❖ Cultivated grapevines grapevines V. cinerea Chardonel V. vulpina Vidal blanc 5 V. rupestris Cabernet Sauvignon V. palmata Traminette Chardonnay Valvin Muscat What about Norton? 6 The Wonders Resistant to: of Norton ❖ Downy mildew 7 ❖ Powdery mildew ❖ Bunch rot Norton and GVCV 9 Survey of GVCV in Foundation Chardonel Vidal Blanc Norton Vineyard 10 Total 19% 30% 0 Norton scion on GVCV- GVCV-infected infected Chardonel Chardonel on Norton Infected Infected Chardonel Norton 11 Chardonel Norton Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant 3 Plant 4 Plant 5 Plant 6 9 months 2 years 10 months 10 months 3 years 2 years M (GV x CS) (N x GV) (N x GV) (N x GV)(GV x N)(Vig x GV) + - 12 GVCV-specific 442 bp and 835 bp fragments by PCR. The 16S rRNA-specific 105 bp fragment baseline for DNA quality. CS-‘Cabernet sauvignon’, GV-GVCV infected ‘Chardonel’, N-‘Norton’, Vig- ‘Vignoles’ (scion x rootstock). RNA for ❖ Required part ❖ Part of plant a DNA of GVCV defense virus? replication against 13 cycle viruses RNAseq ❖ Next-generation technology that determines sequence and quantity of all RNA present in plant sample 14 ❖ We used RNAseq to determine presence of GVCV RNAseq GV x CS N x GV GV x N scions and GVCV genome 100% GVCV genome GVCV genome 100% rootstocks assembled from not assembled assembled from small RNAs in GVCV- from Norton GVCV-infected 15 infected Chardonel scion. GVCV Chardonel scion. scion and genome 100% GVCV genome not Cabernet Sauvignon assembled from assembled from GVCV-infected Norton Chardonel Norton as Cabernet Resistant parent Norton sauvignon progeny? 16 Quality wine grapes? Norton as ❖ 2006- Planted 100 parent crosses of Norton and Cabernet Sauvignon 17 Norton as ❖ 2019-Pathogen parent resistance 18 experiments on progeny Norton as ❖ Over 200 grafts of progeny and a parent GVCV-infected Chardonel ❖ Surviving vines assayed 19 ❖ 61 progeny susceptible to GVCV via graft transmission ❖ 20 resistant PCR assay of Norton progeny grafted with GVCV infected Chardonel 20 + - GVCV-specific 442 bp and 835 bp fragments by PCR The 16S rRNA-specific 105 bp fragment baseline for DNA quality CN; Cabernet Sauvignon mother crossed with Norton Management of viruses Prevention ❖ Virus free planting stock ❖ Limit vectors 21 ❖ Control inoculum sources Management of viruses ❖ Resistance to 22 grapevine viruses Photo: Wendy McFadden, (OMAFRA) Norton Vignoles Chambourcin Chardonel Vidal Blanc 23 Traminette Cayuga White Vivant Orion NC-6 Conclusion ❖ Norton is resistant to GVCV ❖ Evidence via field studies, grafting, PCR and RNAseq 24 ❖ Preliminary progeny evaluation shows resistance likely a heritable trait from Norton Future research ❖ Investigate whether Norton is resistant or tolerant to other 25 important grapevine viruses Future research ❖ Explore breeding to confer virus resistance to progeny 26 ❖ Discern mechanism(s) of Norton’s resistance THANK YOU! 27.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Grapevine Survey for Viruses of Potential Economic Importance in Norton, Chardonel, and Vignoles
    Grapevine Survey for viruses of potential economic importance in Norton, Chardonel, and Vignoles James E. Schoelz Dean Volenberg Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO The 2017 virus survey: Missouri vineyards tested for the presence of 26 different viruses 25 hybrid grape cultivars tested 400 samples collected in July through a prearranged pattern to avoid bias towards selection of virus-infected plants Each sample was a composite of 4 vines (for a total of 1600 vines sampled) Each sample tested for 26 different viruses Table 2. Virus incidence in each cultivar Muscat Survey Average Survey Valvin Cabernet franc Cabernet Traminette Cloeta Vidal blanc Vignoles Chardonel Norton Vivant Vincent Catawba Rayon Saperavi Noiret Viognier Foch Crimson Cabernet Concord Cayuga Chambourcin Muench Lenior Wetumka Albania Virus Hidalgo GRSPaV3 58.71 100 100 46.7 0 100 100 0 15.0 80.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36.4 0 0 100 100 100 0 100 100 GLRaV-3 52.7 91.1 88.5 33.3 85.0 3.3 10.0 0 10.0 0 100 40.0 100 40.0 100 100 0 0 100 50.0 50.0 0 0 0 0 100 GRBV 35.0 24.4 4.3 75.5 77.5 26.7 40.0 90.0 0 0 20.0 100 20.0 80.0 0 100 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 60.0 20.0 100 GVE 31.0 26.7 85.7 8.9 30.0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 100 40.0 100 100 0 0 80.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GLRaV-2 19.0 91.1 54.2 6.7 0 26.7 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20.0 0 0 0 0 0 GVB 17.2 0 65.7 0 22.5 0 0 0 0 0 10.0 60.0 40.0 0 20.0 100 0 0 80.0 0 10.0 0 0 0 0 0 GVkV 13.5 28.9 38.5 0 15.0 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40.0 0 0 0 0 40.0 GLRaV- 9.2 0 1.4 0 72.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 60.0 0 0 0 0 0 2RG GVCV 8.2 33.3 1.4 24.4 0 0 20.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.0 0 0 0 10.0 10.0 0 GVA 0.5 0 0 0 2.5 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GLRaV-5 0.2 0 0 2.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sample #2 400 45 70 45 40 30 20 10 20 10 10 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 5 10 10 4 5 10 10 5 1This value is the percentage of the composite samples positive for the selected virus.
    [Show full text]
  • Growing Grapes in Missouri
    MS-29 June 2003 GrowingGrowing GrapesGrapes inin MissouriMissouri State Fruit Experiment Station Missouri State University-Mountain Grove Growing Grapes in Missouri Editors: Patrick Byers, et al. State Fruit Experiment Station Missouri State University Department of Fruit Science 9740 Red Spring Road Mountain Grove, Missouri 65711-2999 http://mtngrv.missouristate.edu/ The Authors John D. Avery Patrick L. Byers Susanne F. Howard Martin L. Kaps Laszlo G. Kovacs James F. Moore, Jr. Marilyn B. Odneal Wenping Qiu José L. Saenz Suzanne R. Teghtmeyer Howard G. Townsend Daniel E. Waldstein Manuscript Preparation and Layout Pamela A. Mayer The authors thank Sonny McMurtrey and Katie Gill, Missouri grape growers, for their critical reading of the manuscript. Cover photograph cv. Norton by Patrick Byers. The viticulture advisory program at the Missouri State University, Mid-America Viticulture and Enology Center offers a wide range of services to Missouri grape growers. For further informa- tion or to arrange a consultation, contact the Viticulture Advisor at the Mid-America Viticulture and Enology Center, 9740 Red Spring Road, Mountain Grove, Missouri 65711- 2999; telephone 417.547.7508; or email the Mid-America Viticulture and Enology Center at [email protected]. Information is also available at the website http://www.mvec-usa.org Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 2 Considerations in Planning a Vineyard ........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Matching Grape Varieties to Sites Are Hybrid Varieties Right for Oklahoma?
    Matching Grape Varieties to Sites Are hybrid varieties right for Oklahoma? Bruce Bordelon Purdue University Wine Grape Team 2014 Oklahoma Grape Growers Workshop 2006 survey of grape varieties in Oklahoma: Vinifera 80%. Hybrids 15% American 7% Muscadines 1% Profiles and Challenges…continued… • V. vinifera cultivars are the most widely grown in Oklahoma…; however, observation and research has shown most European cultivars to be highly susceptible to cold damage. • More research needs to be conducted to elicit where European cultivars will do best in Oklahoma. • French-American hybrids are good alternatives due to their better cold tolerance, but have not been embraced by Oklahoma grape growers... Reasons for this bias likely include hybrid cultivars being perceived as lower quality than European cultivars, lack of knowledge of available hybrid cultivars, personal preference, and misinformation. Profiles and Challenges…continued… • The unpredictable continental climate of Oklahoma is one of the foremost obstacles for potential grape growers. • It is essential that appropriate site selection be done prior to planting. • Many locations in Oklahoma are unsuitable for most grapes, including hybrids and American grapes. • Growing grapes in Oklahoma is a risky endeavor and minimization of potential loss by consideration of cultivar and environmental interactions is paramount to ensure long-term success. • There are areas where some European cultivars may succeed. • Many hybrid and American grapes are better suited for most areas of Oklahoma than
    [Show full text]
  • Cdi 8/1/2021
    - CDI AMENDED PRICING FOR 8/1/2021 Amended Prices for the Month of August 2021 Name of Licensee: Date:07/15/2021 Initial Filing Amending To Notes1 Item # Item Bottle Case Resale Bott PO Case PO Amending To Bottle Case Resale Bott PO Case PO 9024256 ABSOLUT VDK 80 24B 200ML 7.21 331.68 9.29 18.24 18.24 HARTLEY & PARKER 6.99 331.68 9.29 28.80 18.24 9024273 ABSOLUT VDK CITRON 24B 200ML 7.21 331.68 9.29 18.24 18.24 HARTLEY & PARKER 6.99 331.68 9.29 28.80 18.24 9365820 ABSOLUT VDK JUICE APL 70 6B 750ML 15.99 190.80 25.99 60.00 60.00 HARTLEY & PARKER 15.98 190.80 26.69 60.00 60.00 9417204 ABSOLUT VDK JUICE PEAR ELD 70 6B 750ML 15.99 190.80 25.99 60.00 60.00 HARTLEY & PARKER 15.98 190.80 26.99 60.00 60.00 9024282 ABSOLUT VDK MANDRIN 24B 200ML 7.21 331.68 9.29 18.24 18.24 HARTLEY & PARKER 6.99 331.68 9.29 28.80 18.24 9006515 ANTIOQUEN O AGUARDIEN TE 375ML 9.49 225.84 11.99 BARTON BRESCOME 7.59 179.34 9.89 9.60 9.60 9006514 ANTIOQUEN O AGUARDIEN TE 750ML 17.49 166.92 22.99 HARTLEY & PARKER 15.99 190.92 22.99 24.00 24.00 9006513 ANTIOQUENO AGUARDIENTE 1L Ammended manually HARTLEY & PARKER 17.99 190.92 26.99 42.00 66.00 keep our case 9448162 BACARDI RUM GLD 24B 200ML 4.10 176.77 5.99 23.66 23.66 BARTON BRESCOME 4.09 176.77 5.99 23.66 23.66 40261 BACARDI RUM GLD 375ML 6.09 138.06 7.99 25.10 25.10 EDER BROTHERS 6.06 138.06 7.99 25.10 25.10 41178 BACARDI RUM LIMON 24B 200ML 4.10 176.77 6.49 23.66 23.66 BARTON BRESCOME 4.09 176.77 5.99 23.66 23.66 9448163 BACARDI RUM SUPERIOR 24B 200ML 4.10 176.77 5.99 23.66 23.66 BARTON BRESCOME 4.09 176.77 5.99 23.66 23.66 40162 BACARDI RUM SUPERIOR FLK 375ML 6.09 138.06 7.99 25.10 25.10 EDER BROTHERS 6.06 138.06 7.99 25.10 25.10 153445 BALLANTINE S SCOTCH FINEST 750ML 19.30 229.15 24.39 ALLAN S.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 11 ) LAKELAND TOURS, LLC, Et Al.,1 ) Case No
    20-11647-jlg Doc 205 Filed 09/30/20 Entered 09/30/20 13:16:46 Main Document Pg 1 of 105 UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ) In re: ) Chapter 11 ) LAKELAND TOURS, LLC, et al.,1 ) Case No. 20-11647 (JLG) ) Debtors. ) Jointly Administered ) AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE I, Julian A. Del Toro, depose and say that I am employed by Stretto, the claims and noticing agent for the Debtors in the above-captioned case. On September 25, 2020, at my direction and under my supervision, employees of Stretto caused the following document to be served via first-class mail on the service list attached hereto as Exhibit A, via electronic mail on the service list attached hereto as Exhibit B, and on three (3) confidential parties not listed herein: Notice of Filing Third Amended Plan Supplement (Docket No. 200) Notice of (I) Entry of Order (I) Approving the Disclosure Statement for and Confirming the Joint Prepackaged Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization of Lakeland Tours, LLC and Its Debtor Affiliates and (II) Occurrence of the Effective Date to All (Docket No. 201) [THIS SPACE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] ________________________________________ 1 A complete list of each of the Debtors in these chapter 11 cases may be obtained on the website of the Debtors’ proposed claims and noticing agent at https://cases.stretto.com/WorldStrides. The location of the Debtors’ service address in these chapter 11 cases is: 49 West 45th Street, New York, NY 10036. 20-11647-jlg Doc 205 Filed 09/30/20 Entered 09/30/20 13:16:46 Main Document Pg 2 of 105 20-11647-jlg Doc 205 Filed 09/30/20 Entered 09/30/20 13:16:46 Main Document Pg 3 of 105 Exhibit A 20-11647-jlg Doc 205 Filed 09/30/20 Entered 09/30/20 13:16:46 Main Document Pg 4 of 105 Exhibit A Served via First-Class Mail Name Attention Address 1 Address 2 Address 3 City State Zip Country Aaron Joseph Borenstein Trust Address Redacted Attn: Benjamin Mintz & Peta Gordon & Lucas B.
    [Show full text]
  • Register of New Fruit and Nut Varieties List 40 Edited by W.R
    Register of New Fruit and Nut Varieties List 40 Edited by W.R. Okie U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, 21 Dunbar Road, Byron, GA 31008 Crop Listings1: Almond, Apple, Avocado, Black Walnut, Blackberry, Canistel, Carambola, Citrus, Currant, Grape, Jackfruit, Nectarine, Peach, Pecan, Plum, Raspberry, Strawberry ALMOND days later than Nonpareil, having a pink instead of white blossom. Nut: semi-hard shell with good shell seal but a moderate number of Thomas M. Gradziel blanks and with harvest being ≈14 days after Nonpareil. Kernel: large, Dept. of Pomology, Univ. of California, Davis flat kernels ≈28 mm in length, 13 mm in width, and 8 mm thick with Antoneta.—A late-flowering, self-compatible, and hard-shelled ≈1.1 g/nut. About 44% kernel to nut by weight. Moderate to numerous Marcona-type almond. Origin: by J.E. Garcia, J. Egea, F. Dicentra, doubles. Crop moderate, borne mostly on spurs with some on shoots and T. Berenguer, Murcia, Spain, from a cross between Ferragnes and and close to larger branches. Tuono. USPPAF2. Bloom: ≈1 week later than Nonpareil, 2 days before Marta.—A late-flowering, self-compatible, and hard-shelled Ferragnes. Shows small, wrinkled, white petals with a stigma bent Desmayo Largueta-type almond. Origin: by J.E. Garcia, J. Egea, F. toward the anthers at anthesis. Self-compatible and self-pollinating Dicentra, and T. Berenguer, Murcia, Spain, from a cross between (autogamous) with an average 37% natural set. Double floral buds Ferragnes and Tuono. Patent pending. Bloom: ≈2 days later than commonly producing a high flower density that is greater than the Nonpareil, 6 days before Ferragnes.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Nebraska Viticulture Program Report to the Nebraska Grape and Wine Board
    State Report Guidelines - Suggested Format/Content NE 1720 University of Nebraska Viticulture Program Report to the Nebraska Grape and Wine Board Paul E. Read, Professor of Horticulture/Viticulture Stephen J. Gamet, Viticulture Technician Benjamin A. Loseke, Laboratory Technician Email contact: [email protected] University of Nebraska Objectives: 1. Screen the viticulture characteristics of clones, cultivars and elite germplasm with significant potential throughout the USA. 2. Evaluate the viticultural and wine attributes of promising emerging cultivars and genotypes based on regional needs. Objectives 1&2 Accomplishments: Over 100 grapevine cultivars and selections have been evaluated over a period of 20 years by the University of Nebraska Viticulture Program. New selections from private breeders, the University of Minnesota and Cornell University have been tested for cold hardiness, tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, response to vineyard floor and trellis management systems, yield and fruit and wine quality and characteristics. New fertilizer and crop load adjustments are being explored in collaboration with UNL Food Science Department professionals (new faculty, Doctors Changmu Xu and Xiaoqing Xie). Additions for the 2020 part of these objectives involve new selections from North Dakota State University and from private breeders Ed Swanson and Max Hoffman. 3. Conduct explorations of new germplasm and lesser-known cultivars that may have economic potential for the Nebraska grape and wine industry. New selections from Cornell University, the University of Minnesota, North Dakota State University and private breeders (Ed Swanson, Cuthills Vineyards owner and Capitol View Winery winemaker, and Max Hoffman, winemaker at Schillingbridge winery) have been newly initiated. 4. Explore alternatives potentially helpful to the Nebraska grape and wine industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Treasury § 4.63
    Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Treasury Pt. 4 § 1.84 Acquisition of distilled spirits in Subpart B—Definitions bulk by Government agencies. 4.10 Meaning of terms. Any agency of the United States, or of any State or political subdivision Subpart C—Standards of Identity for Wine thereof, may acquire or receive in 4.20 Application of standards. bulk, and warehouse and bottle, im- 4.21 The standards of identity. ported and domestic distilled spirits in 4.22 Blends, cellar treatment, alteration of conformity with the internal revenue class or type. laws. 4.23 Varietal (grape type) labeling. 4.24 Generic, semi-generic, and non-generic WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS designations of geographic significance. 4.25 Appellations of origin. § 1.90 Distilled spirits in bulk. 4.26 Estate bottled. 4.27 Vintage wine. By the terms of the Act (27 U.S.C. 4.28 Type designations of varietal signifi- 206), all warehouse receipts for distilled cance. spirits in bulk must require that the warehouseman shall package such dis- Subpart D—Labeling Requirements for tilled spirits, before delivery, in bottles Wine labeled and marked in accordance with law, or deliver such distilled spirits in 4.30 General. 4.32 Mandatory label information. bulk only to persons to whom it is law- 4.32a Voluntary disclosure of major food al- ful to sell or otherwise dispose of dis- lergens. tilled spirits in bulk. 4.32b Petitions for exemption from major food allergen labeling. § 1.91 Bottled distilled spirits. 4.33 Brand names. The provisions of the Act, which for- 4.34 Class and type.
    [Show full text]
  • Utilization of Microsatellite Markers for a Comparative Assessment Of
    BearWorks MSU Graduate Theses Spring 2016 Utilization Of Microsatellite Markers For A Comparative Assessment Of Norton And Cynthiana, And The Linkage Map Construction Of A 'Chambourcin' X 'Cabernet Sauvignon' Population Mia Elizabeth Mann As with any intellectual project, the content and views expressed in this thesis may be considered objectionable by some readers. However, this student-scholar’s work has been judged to have academic value by the student’s thesis committee members trained in the discipline. The content and views expressed in this thesis are those of the student-scholar and are not endorsed by Missouri State University, its Graduate College, or its employees. Follow this and additional works at: https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Mann, Mia Elizabeth, "Utilization Of Microsatellite Markers For A Comparative Assessment Of Norton And Cynthiana, And The Linkage Map Construction Of A 'Chambourcin' X 'Cabernet Sauvignon' Population" (2016). MSU Graduate Theses. 2385. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/2385 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The work contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UTILIZATION OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF NORTON AND CYNTHIANA, AND THE LINKAGE MAP CONSTRUCTION OF
    [Show full text]
  • TGE) & the JOB Board
    2018 The Grape Exchange (TGE) & The JOB Board As of 7/1/17, Christy Ecktein will be handling OGEN, TGE & TJB. Please contact Christy at [email protected] This service is provided by the OSU viticulture program. The purpose of this site is to assist grape growers and wineries in selling and/or buying grapes, wine, juice or equipment and post JOBS Wanted or JOBS for Hire. The listing will be posted to the “Buckeye Appellation” website (https://ohiograpeweb.cfaes.ohio-state.edu/ ) and updates will be sent to all OGEN subscribers via email. Ads will be deleted after 4 months. If you would like items to continue or placed back on the exchange, please let me know. To post new or make changes to current ads, please send an e-mail to Christy Eckstein ([email protected]) with the contact and item description information below. Weekly updates of listings will be e-mailed to OGEN subscribers or as needed throughout the season. Suggestions to improve the Grape Exchange are also welcome. The format of the information to include is as follows: Items (grapes, wine, equipment, etc) Wanted/Needed or Selling: Name: Vineyard/Winery: Phone Number: E-mail Address: Note: Please send me a note to delete any Ads that you no longer need or want listed. There are currently eight jobs listed on The JOB Board. Updates to TGE are listed as most current to oldest. *Please scroll down to Ads, pictures & contact information The Grape Exchange May 23, 2018 (19) For Sale: Bulk Wine for Blending Purposes only April 17, 2018 Riesling: 1,040 gallons of Riesling (15.1 g/L RS) 1,100 gallons of Dry Riesling (8.36 g/L RS) 2,100 gallons of Riesling for sale at $15.00/gallon Contact: Nancy Irelan [email protected] For Sale: Rinieri Shredd, New Holland Snowblower and Bulk Wine April 16, 2018 Rinieri Shredder.
    [Show full text]
  • View of Knowledge of a Cdna Template (Red) and the Negative Control (Light Blue) of (A) on Downy Mildew of Grapevine and Effective Disease Management
    Eisenmann et al. BMC Plant Biology (2019) 19:343 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-1935-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Rpv3–1 mediated resistance to grapevine downy mildew is associated with specific host transcriptional responses and the accumulation of stilbenes Birgit Eisenmann1,2, Stefan Czemmel3, Tobias Ziegler1,2, Günther Buchholz4, Andreas Kortekamp1, Oliver Trapp5, Thomas Rausch2, Ian Dry6 and Jochen Bogs1,7* Abstract Background: European grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera spp.) are highly susceptible to the downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Breeding of resistant V. vinifera cultivars is a promising strategy to reduce the impact of disease management. Most cultivars that have been bred for resistance to downy mildew, rely on resistance mediated by the Rpv3 (Resistance to P. viticola) locus. However, despite the extensive use of this locus, little is known about the mechanism of Rpv3-mediated resistance. Results: In this study, Rpv3-mediated defense responses were investigated in Rpv3+ and Rpv3ˉ grapevine cultivars following inoculation with two distinct P. viticola isolates avrRpv3+ and avrRpv3ˉ, with the latter being able to overcome Rpv3 resistance. Based on comparative microscopic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, our results show that the Rpv3–1-mediated resistance is associated with a defense mechanism that triggers synthesis of fungi- toxic stilbenes and programmed cell death (PCD), resulting in reduced but not suppressed pathogen growth and development. Functional annotation of the encoded protein sequence of genes significantly upregulated during the Rpv3–1-mediated defense response revealed putative roles in pathogen recognition, signal transduction and defense responses. Conclusion: This study used histochemical, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of Rpv3+ and susceptible cultivars inoculated with avirulent and virulent P.
    [Show full text]
  • Roaring River Vineyards Wine Menu
    ROARING RIVER VINEYARDS WINE MENU WINE TASTING (per person): 7 wines $10 10 wines including special Selection $15 Glass Bottle Chardonnay (White): Our Chardonnay is a French Chablis style wine. It was fermented 8 24 and aged solely in stainless steel to produce a lighter, crisp wine with rounded flavors. It balances crisp citrus notes with hints of green apple. Viognier (White): This 100% Viognier semi-dry wine showcases delicate floral and 8 24 honey fragrances, a rich mouthfeel, with flavors of apricots and citrus. Traminette (White, 2019): A delightfully bright and crisp semi-sweet wine with fresh, 8 24 ripe, and complex flavors of grapefruit and citrus. (hybrid) Petit Rosé (2018): A bright and crisp dry rosé wine produced by blending our 8 24 Chardonel white wine with our Chambourcin wine. Chambourcin (Red, 2016): This wine is made from Chambourcin grapes. The taste will 8 24 vary from year to year based on terroir and growing conditions. This wine has a deep red color and firm texture. Cabernet Sauvignon (Red, 2018): Made from hand-tended vines and patiently aged in 8 24 French oak barrels. This wine has notes of savory spices. Norton (Red, 2017): Norton is an indigenous grape variety resistant to many weather 8 24 conditions, pests and maladies (phylloxera). Aromas of raspberry and plum. When oaked heavily: notes of oak, smoke, toast. Special Selection Chambourcin (Red, 2018): This wine is made from a French-American hybrid that 10 34 grows well in North Carolina. This is a rich wine with deep a red color and firm texture and a complex character.
    [Show full text]