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Africans: the HISTORY of a CONTINENT, Second Edition
P1: RNK 0521864381pre CUNY780B-African 978 0 521 68297 8 May 15, 2007 19:34 This page intentionally left blank ii P1: RNK 0521864381pre CUNY780B-African 978 0 521 68297 8 May 15, 2007 19:34 africans, second edition Inavast and all-embracing study of Africa, from the origins of mankind to the AIDS epidemic, John Iliffe refocuses its history on the peopling of an environmentally hostilecontinent.Africanshavebeenpioneersstrugglingagainstdiseaseandnature, and their social, economic, and political institutions have been designed to ensure their survival. In the context of medical progress and other twentieth-century innovations, however, the same institutions have bred the most rapid population growth the world has ever seen. The history of the continent is thus a single story binding living Africans to their earliest human ancestors. John Iliffe was Professor of African History at the University of Cambridge and is a Fellow of St. John’s College. He is the author of several books on Africa, including Amodern history of Tanganyika and The African poor: A history,which was awarded the Herskovits Prize of the African Studies Association of the United States. Both books were published by Cambridge University Press. i P1: RNK 0521864381pre CUNY780B-African 978 0 521 68297 8 May 15, 2007 19:34 ii P1: RNK 0521864381pre CUNY780B-African 978 0 521 68297 8 May 15, 2007 19:34 african studies The African Studies Series,founded in 1968 in collaboration with the African Studies Centre of the University of Cambridge, is a prestigious series of monographs and general studies on Africa covering history, anthropology, economics, sociology, and political science. -
Final Mercy.Indd
Forty Hadith on Divine Mercy 1 CONTENTS PART ONE: MERCY, WHICH OUTSTRIPS I. Mercy ............................................ 9 II. The Heart and Intention .................15 III. Piety and Righteousness ...................22 IV. Forgiveness .........................................27 PART TWO: WRATH, WHICH IS OUTSTRIPPED V. Harm and Wrongdoing ...................31 VI. Bigotry and Takfir .................................36 VII. War ....................................................41 VIII. Corruption and Sedition .................45 2 3 INTRODUCTION Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and Peace and Blessings be upon His Messenger, the Prophet Muhammad, and upon his Family and Companions. The hadith, sometimes called traditions, are texts which relate the sayings and doings of the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace. In his famous book of forty hadith, Imam Nawawi (d. 676 A.H./1277 C.E.) relates that the Messenger of God said, “Whosoever commits to memory for my ummah (religious community) forty traditions concerning religion will be resurrected by God in the company of the jurists and the learned.” In other versions, it is said that the Prophet will be “an intercessor and witness” for such a person, or that they will be allowed 4 5 to enter Paradise from any gate they wish, composed books of forty traditions on or that “they shall be recorded amongst the a wide range of themes, such as jihad ranks of the jurists and resurrected in the (struggle), comportment (adab), or the company of the martyrs”. sacred sayings (hadith qudsi, or words of Now, the scholars of hadith are in the Prophet which quote God speaking, agreement that this tradition is weak, yet but are not part of the Quran and are not many of them have composed books of wahy or revelation). -
History of Islam
Istanbul 1437 / 2016 © Erkam Publications 2016 / 1437 H HISTORY OF ISLAM Original Title : İslam Tarihi (Ders Kitabı) Author : Commission Auteur du Volume « Histoire de l’Afrique » : Dr. Said ZONGO Coordinator : Yrd. Doç. Dr. Faruk KANGER Academic Consultant : Lokman HELVACI Translator : Fulden ELİF AYDIN Melda DOĞAN Corrector : Mohamed ROUSSEL Editor : İsmail ERİŞ Graphics : Rasim ŞAKİROĞLU Mithat ŞENTÜRK ISBN : 978-9944-83-747-7 Addresse : İkitelli Organize Sanayi Bölgesi Mahallesi Atatürk Bulvarı Haseyad 1. Kısım No: 60/3-C Başakşehir / Istanbul - Turkey Tel : (90-212) 671-0700 (pbx) Fax : (90-212) 671-0748 E-mail : [email protected] Web : www.islamicpublishing.org Printed by : Erkam Printhouse Language : English ERKAM PUBLICATIONS TEXTBOOK HISTORY OF ISLAM 10th GRADE ERKAM PUBLICATIONS Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I THE ERA OF FOUR RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS (632–661) / 8 A. THE ELECTION OF THE FIRST CALIPH .............................................................................................. 11 B. THE PERIOD OF ABU BAKR (May Allah be Pleased with him) (632–634) ....................................... 11 C. THE PERIOD OF UMAR (May Allah be Pleased with him) (634–644) ............................................... 16 D. THE PERIOD OF UTHMAN (May Allah be Pleased with him) (644–656) ........................................ 21 E. THE PERIOD OF ALI (May Allah be pleased with him) (656-661) ...................................................... 26 EVALUATION QUESTIONS ......................................................................................................................... -
In the Defence of the True Faith 1
In The Defence Of the True Faith 1 In The Defence Of the True Faith In The Defence of True Faith Battle Expeditions, Peace Treaties and their Consequences in the life of Prophet Muhammad (Peace And Blessings of Allah be upon him) Taken from Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah By: Ibn Katheer Translation & Researched By: Darussalam Research Center Copyright: Darussalam Publishers & Distributers SUNNICONNECT.COM We believe Islamic knowledge should be accessible to everyone especially in our fitan times where ignorance and immorality is widespread. This book is uploaded fi sabi lilaah for those who can’t buy this book for various reasons. If you have money please support the publisher by purchasing the original copy of this book. 2 In The Defence Of the True Faith 3 In The Defence Of the True Faith Contents Preface to the Revision ....................................................................10 Publisher’s Preface ..........................................................................14 The Great Battle of Badr .................................................................16 The Killing of Abul-Bakhtari Ibn Hisham .........................................37 The Killing of Umayyah Ibn Khalaf ..................................................38 The Killing of Abu Jahl, May Allah’s Curse be Upon Him ..............39 The Messenger of Allah’s Restoration of Qatadah’s Eye ..................41 The Casting of the Leaders of the Kuffar Into the Well of Badr .......41 The Number of Captives and Those Killed Among the Polytheists in the Battle of Badr -
Masjid Al-Aqsa- Why Is It So Important to Muslims? 'And the Prophets Lived
Masjid al-Aqsa- Why is it so important to Muslims? ‘And the Prophets lived therein. There is not a single inch in Jerusalem where a Prophet or angel has not stood’ -Tirmidhi- The al-Aqsa Sanctuary in Jerusalem is held in great honour and respect by Muslims for numerous reasons. First direction for Prayer (Qibla) Since the beginning of time Muslims prayed facing Jerusalem. This is important because it shows the significance and special status of Jerusalem. Muslims continued to face Jerusalem in their prayers until 18 months after Prophet Muhammed (peace be upon him) migrated from Makkah to Medina. Then, Allah commanded the Muslims to change the direction of the Qibla from Jerusalem to the Ka’bah in Makkah. The Jews in Madinah used to face Jerusalem for their prayers. They disliked the Muslims and did not like that the Muslims faced Jerusalem too. The Jews of Medina would mock the Prophet (peace be upon him), so Allah revealed the following verse in the Qur’an: Verily, We have seen the turning of your (Muhammad's) face towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qibla (prayer direction) that shall please you, so turn your face in the direction of Al- Masjid Al-Haram (at Makkah).) (2:144). Prophet Muhammed (peace be upon him) informed the Muslims that even though the Qibla had changed, this did not lessen the importance of Masjid al-Aqsa to Muslims. Second Masjid on Earth Masjid al-Aqsa was the second Masjid to be built on Earth. Prophet Adam (as) built Masjid al-Aqsa 40 years after building the Ka’bah in Makkah. -
Foundations of Tasawwuf 2019
1 FOUNDATIONS OF TASAWWUF – 2020 Compiled by Shaykh Husain Abdul Sattar The following is a draft of notes presented at the Foundations of Tasawwuf seminar held annually at the Sacred Learning Center. These notes are accompanied by a series of audio lectures that are available under the Tasawwuf classroom at www.sacredlearning.org Of note, several of the hadith below are from “Haqiqat al-Tariqa min as-Sunnah al-Aniqa” [©Turath Publishing 2010]. PREFACE Adab (etiquette) is essential for seekers to maximize benefit from any gathering. Hence, before we begin, we should remind ourselves of one of the important etiquettes of sitting together. It is related on the authority of Ibn ‘Umar (Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of said, “Straighten the rows, line up the shoulders, fill in the empty spaces, don’t ﷺ Allah push against your neighbor, and don’t leave any space in between for shaytan.” [Abu Dawud] INTRODUCTION Tasawwuf is the Islamic discipline that focuses on the spiritual purification of the believer. It is a After erecting the kabah, the .ﷺ major branch of our din and was a defining function of the Prophet Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) made dua for a messenger that would serve multiple roles, including purifying the believers: َرﺑﱠﻨَﺎ َواﺑْﻌَ ْﺚ ﻓِ ِﯿﮭ ْﻢ َر ُﺳ ًﻮﻻ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﮭ ْﻢ ﯾَﺘْﻠُﻮ َﻋ َﻠ ِﯿْﮭ ْﻢ آﯾَﺎﺗِ َﻚ َوﯾُﻌَ ِﻠّ ُﻤ ُﮭ ُﻢ ْاﻟ ِﻜﺘَ َﺎب َو ْاﻟ ِﺤ ْﻜ َﻤﺔَ َوﯾُﺰَ ِّﻛ ِﯿﮭ ْﻢ ۚ إِﻧﱠ َﻚ أَ ْﻧ َﺖ ْاﻟﻌَ ِﺰ ُﯾﺰ ْاﻟ َﺤ ِﻜ ُﯿﻢ Our Lord, and raise up among them a messenger, from among themselves, who will recite to them Your revelations, and teach them the Book and wisdom, and spiritually purify them. -
TRAGEDY of KARBALA - an ANALYTICAL STUDY of URDU HISTORICAL WRITINGS DURING 19Th > 20Th CENTURY
^^. % TRAGEDY OF KARBALA - AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF URDU HISTORICAL WRITINGS DURING 19th > 20th CENTURY ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF JBottor of $t)tlo£;opI)p IN ISLAMIC STUDIES By FAYAZ AHMAD BHAT Under the Supervision of PROFESSOR MUHAMMAD YASIN MAZHAR SIDDIQUI DIRECTOR, SHAH WALIULLAH DEHLAVI RESEARCH CELL Institute of Islamic Studies, A.M.U., Aligarh. DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2003 :^^^^ Fed ir. Comptrf^r Aaad m >«'• Att. M "s/.-Oj Uni^ 0 2 t'S 2C06 THESIS 1 ABSTRACT The sad demise of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) (571- 622AD) created a vacuum in the Muslim Ummah. However, this vacuum was filled by the able guided and pious Khulafa {Khulafa-i-Rashidin) who ruled Ummah one after another. Except the first Khalifah, all the subsequent three Khulafa were unfortunately martyred either by their co-religionists or by antagonists. Though the assassination of Hazrat Umar (RA) did not create any sort of havoc in the Ummah, but the assassination of Hazrat Uthman (RA) caused a severe damage to the unity of Muslim Ummah. This was further aggravated by the internal dissentions caused by the assassination of the third Khalifah during the period of the fourth Khalifah, leading to some bloodshed of the Muslims in two bloody wars of Camel and Si/fin; Hazrat All's assassination was actually a result of that internal strife of the Muslims, dividing the Muslim community into two warring camps. Hazrat Hasan's abdication of the Khilafah tried to bridge the gulf but temporarily, and the situation became explosive once again when Hazrat Muawiyah (RA) nominated his son Yazid as his successor whose candidature was questioned and opposed by a group of people especially by Hazrat Husain (RA) on the ground that he was not fit for the Khilafah. -
Janatul Mualla – the Second Most Important Graveyard...August 2018
24 Muslim Views . August 2018 Janatul Mualla – the second most important graveyard SALIM PARKER JANATUL Mualla is also known as the Cemetery of Ma’la and Al-Hajun. It is located close to Masjid al-Haram, and near the Mosque of the Jinn, in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Today the cemetery appears barren, a large anonymous burial ground with neat geometrically aligned dividers evident through- out, all surrounded by a white stone wall. Loose stones indicate the loca- tions of graves but there are no forms of any identification and no indication of the historical impor- tance of this graveyard. Janatul Baqee, in Madinah, is considered by many to be the most important cemetery in Islam. Janatul Mualla is older than Janatul Baqee and is considered the second most important grave- yard in Islam. The history of Janatul Mualla can be traced to several genera- tions prior to the birth of Nabi Muhammad (SAW). As it was sit- uated close to the Kaabah, it was considered a sacred place and a number of dignitaries were buried there prior to the advent of Islam. At the beginning of the sixth century, the Quraish tribe was the dominant force in Makkah. They established Janatul Mualla as their own private burial ground. Many members of the tribe, and espe- cially members of the Prophet’s (SAW) Banu Hashim clan, were buried there in the decades leading up to the birth of Nabi Muham- mad (SAW). During the early years of Islam, before Nabi Muhammad (SAW) was forced to emigrate to Madi- nah, several important early Mus- lims were also buried in Janatul Mualla. -
Hadīth on the Abdāl
Hadīth on the Abdāl 1) From Umm Salamah: “Disagreement will occur at the death of a Khalif and a man of the people of Madina will come quickly to Makka. Some of the people of Makka will come to him… and swear allegiance to him between the Corner (Rukn) and Maqam. An expeditionary force will be sent against him from Syria…when the people see that, the Abdāl of Syria and the best people of Iraq will come to him and swear allegiance to him…” Recorded by Abu Dawud (Kitab al-Mahdi, #3737), Imam Ahmad (6:316), Ibn Abi Shayba (8:609), Abdur- Razzaq (11:371 #20769), Tabarani (M. Awsat, 2:35 #1153, 9:176 #9459, and M. Kabir, 23:296, 389-90), Hakim (4:431), Ibn Hibban (15:158-59), Abu Ya‟la (12:370 #6940 Hasan), Ishaq ibn Rahawayh, and Ibn „Asakir in Tarikh Dimashq (1:292-93). Mundhiri, Ibn Hibban, Hakim, Dhahabi, and Haythami (7:315) said it is Sahih. 2) From Abu Sa‟id al-Khudri: “The Abdāl from my nation did not enter into Paradise with their actions, but rather through the mercy of Allah, through the unparalleled generosity of their souls, the fact that they hold no grudge or hatred against anyone and their hearts being at peace with everyone, and through mercy for the entirety of Muslims.” Recorded by Bayhaqi (Shu’ab al-Iman, 7:439 #10893), and similar versions by Ibn Abi Dunya (Kitab al-Awliya’ p. 28 #58), Hakim at-Tirmidhi (Nawadir, Asl #51) and others. 3) From Abu Darda‟: “The Abdāl have not come to be greater than the rest of the people by performing much fasting or prayers or tasbīh, but rather by excellent morals, being true in their scrupulousness, their sound intentions, their hearts being at peace with all Muslims, and giving others sincere counsel for the sake of Allah.” Recorded by Hakim at-Tirmidhi in Nawadir al-Usul (Asl #51). -
Brother Hadiths
There are 209 brother hadiths Volume 1, Book 2, Number 12: The Prophet said, "None of you will have faith till he wishes for his (Muslim) brother what he likes for himself." Volume 1, Book 2, Number 23: Once Allah's Apostle passed by an Ansari (man) who was admonishing to his brother regarding Haya'. On that Allah's Apostle said, "Leave him as Haya' is a part of faith." (See Hadith No. 8) Volume 1, Book 2, Number 29: At Ar-Rabadha I met Abu Dhar who was wearing a cloak, and his slave, too, was wearing a similar one. I asked about the reason for it. He replied, "I abused a person by calling his mother with bad names." The Prophet said to me, 'O Abu Dhar! Did you abuse him by calling his mother with bad names You still have some characteristics of ignorance. Your slaves are your brothers and Allah has put them under your command. So whoever has a brother under his command should feed him of what he eats and dress him of what he wears. Do not ask them (slaves) to do things beyond their capacity (power) and if you do so, then help them.' " Volume 1, Book 3, Number 91: A man asked the Prophet about the picking up of a "Luqata" (fallen lost thing). The Prophet replied, "Recognize and remember its tying material and its container, and make public announcement (about it) for one year, then utilize it but give it to its owner if he comes." Then the person asked about the lost camel. -
The Just Ruler of The
e-ISSN: 2149-7826 Disiplinlerarası Akdeniz Araştırmaları Dergisi Journal of Interdisciplinary Mediterranean Studies journal.phaselis.org Issue IV (2018) The Just Ruler of the Age – Exhibiting Legitimacy for Rule through Visual Representation, as in the Written and Inscribed Record: On the Meanings Conveyed by the Creatures Depicted on 8-Pointed Tiles from Rūm Seljuk 13th c. Palaces, Pavilions and Bath-Houses: The Jinn Çağın Adaletli Hükümdarı – Yazılı ve Yazıtlı Kayıtlarda Görsel Tasarımlar Vasıtasıyla Kuralların Meşruluğunun Sergilenmesi: XIII. Yüzyıl Rum Selçuklularına Ait Saraylar, Köşkler ve Hamamlardaki Sekiz Köşeli Çinilerde Betimlenen Yaratıkların Anlamları Üzerine: Cinler T. Mikail P. DUGGAN The entire contents of this journal, Phaselis: Journal of Interdisciplinary Mediterranean Studies, is open to users and it is an ‘open access’ journal. Users are able to read the full texts, to download, to copy, print and distribute without obtaining the permission of the editor and author(s). However, all references to the articles published in the e-journal Phaselis are to indicate through reference the source of the citation from this journal. Phaselis: Journal of Interdisciplinary Mediterranean Studies is a peer-reviewed journal and the articles which have had their peer reviewing process completed will be published on the web-site (journal.phaselis.org) in the year of the journal’s issue (e.g. Issue III: January- December 2017). At the end of December 2017 the year’s issue is completed and Issue IV: January-December 2018 will begin. Responsibility for the articles published in this journal remains with the authors. Citation T. M. P. DUGGAN, “The Just Ruler of the Age – Exhibiting Legitimacy for Rule through Visual Representation, as in the Written and Inscribed Record: On the Meanings Conveyed by the Creatures Depicted on 8-Pointed Tiles from Rūm Seljuk 13th c. -
MENTIONED in the HOLY QURAN and HADITH Habiba Sajid1*, Salma Amir2, Muhammad Imran1 1
Sajid et al RJLBPCS 2019 www.rjlbpcs.com Life Science Informatics Publications Original Research Article DOI: 10.26479/2019.0502.64 MEDICINAL PLANTS AND THEIR USES; MENTIONED IN THE HOLY QURAN AND HADITH Habiba Sajid1*, Salma Amir2, Muhammad Imran1 1. Department of Islamic studies, National College of Business administration and Economics, Bahawalpur Campus. 2. Department of Pharmacy Practice, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur. ABSTRACT: Islam is the most comprehensive religion, which presents the elasticity to respond new technologies and a complete way for living. In Islam, ethical teachings of biomedical ethics are linked with Holy Quran and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The present study is a part of check list of medicinal plants and their uses enlisted in Holy Quran. Approximately; 14 Plant species belongs to different families were reported, having distinctive medicinal properties, chemical constitutions and their distribution pattern in the world. This study described a wide range of plants mentioned in the Holy Quran and Hadith to symbolize holy plants such as fig, olive, date palm, and pomegranate or aroma plant such as zinger, basil and nutritious plant such as onion and garlic. Centuries ago, Quran has mentioned the beneficial properties of many food stuffs, and today scientists have found a part of them through many studies, it helps to realize the greatness of God. It is concluded that herbal medicines are being widely used in the world because of better cultural accept ability, least injurious with none or much reduced side effects. KEYWORDS: Medicinal Plants, Holy Quran, Islamic medicine, Medicinal Constituents and their uses. Corresponding Author: Habiba Sajid* Department of Islamic studies, National College of Business administration and Economics, Bahawalpur Campus.