To the Most Reverend Father Jozef Wouters, Abbot General of the Premonstratensian Canons Regular. I Learned the Good News That Y
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Special Report on Religious Life
Catholic News Agency and women who Year-long MAJOR ORDERS TYPES OF RELIGIOUS ORDERS dedicate their lives celebrations AND THEIR CHARISMS to prayer, service The Roman Catholic Church recognizes different types of religious orders: and devotion. Year of Marriage, A religious order or congregation is Many also live as Nov. 2014- distinguished by a charism, or particular • Monastic: Monks or nuns live and work in a monastery; the largest monastic order, part of a commu- Dec. 2015 grace granted by God to the institute’s which dates back to the 6th century, is the Benedictines. nity that follows a founder or the institute itself. Here • Mendicant: Friars or nuns who live from alms and actively participate in apostolic work; specific religious Year of Faith, are just a few religious orders and the Dominicans and Franciscans are two of the most well-known mendicant orders. rule. They can Year of Prayer, congregations with their charisms: • Canons Regular: Priests living in a community and active in a particular parish. include both Oct. 2012- • Clerks Regular: Priests who are also religious men with vows and who actively clergy and laity. Nov. 2013 Order/ participate in apostolic work. Most make public Congregation: Charism: vows of poverty, Year for Priests, obedience and June 2009- Dominicans Preaching and chastity. Priests June 2010 teaching who are religious Benedictines Liturgical are different from Year of St. Paul, prayer and diocesan priests, June 2008- monasticism who do not take June 2009 Missionaries Serving God vows. of Charity among the Religious congregations differ from reli- “poorest of the gious orders mainly in terms of the vows poor” that are taken. -
Directory of Discipline of The
25 DIRECTORY OF DISCIPLINE OF THE CANONS REGULAR OF THE NEW JERUSALEM I. INTRODUCTION: 1. The principal end of the Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem is the sanctification of its members through the perfection of charity (Constitutions 1, 10, 24b, 55, 59, 63). This end is achieved through means of community life, liturgical worship according to the particular law of the institute, ascetic discipline and religious vows. 2. The purpose of this Directory of Discipline (DOD) is to establish a pattern in daily personal and community practices which assist members in striving towards that charity which is the common goal of all. For this reason this Directory constitutes a set of particular laws intended to lead members, and the community as a whole, towards the common goal set forth in the Constitutions. 3. A vocation to the Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem is founded in a voluntary self-abandonment to God through the context of its common life. Deliberate disregard of the Rule, Constitutions or Directory of Discipline contradicts the voluntary desire for sanctification expressed by membership. Thus every one incorporated into the CRNJ’s community life is, by his own free choice, bound to obey the whole of the Rule, Constitutions and DOD in a spirit of Christian perfection (cf. Cons., 60, 61). 4. Voluntary disobedience constitutes a breach of charity which effects the life of the community and the member’s place in it. For this reason disobedience is subject to lawful correction for the good of the member and the community as a whole. 5. -
Some Striking
NUMERICAL DECLINE OF RELIGIOUS INSTITUTES SINCE 1964 Religious Difference SOME STRIKING Orders and 1964/1977 STATISTICS Congregations Benedictines 12 131 12 500 12 070 10 037 -2 463 Capuchins 15 849 15 751 15 575 12 475 - 3 276 - The table alongside gives statistics for Dominicans 9 991 10091 9 946 8 773 1 318 the 62 religious congregations of men Franciscans 26 961 27 140 26 666 21 504 -5 636 17584 11 484 - 6 497 . 17 981 with more than 1,000 members in De La Salle Brothers . 17710 - Jesuits 35 438 35 968 35 573 28 038 7 930 1962. - Marist Brothers 10 068 10 230 10 125 6 291 3 939 Redemptorists 9 308 9 450 9 080 6 888 - 2 562 uniform decline in member- - The Salesians 21 355 22 042 21 900 17 535 4 507 ship is striking. practically all the Congrega- For Augustinians 4 273 4 353 4 447 3 650 703 1964 was the peak year, and 3 425 625 tions, . 4 050 Discalced Carmelites . 4 050 4016 since then all except one have de- Conventuals 4 650 4 650 4 590 4000 650 4 333 1 659 clined in membership, the one ex- Vincentians 5 966 5 992 5 900 7 623 7 526 6 271 1 352 ception being an Indian Congrega- O.M.I 7 592 Passionists 3 935 4 065 4 204 3 194 871 tion - the Carmelites of Mary Im- White Fathers 4 083 4 120 3 749 3 235 885 maculate. Spiritans 5 200 5 200 5 060 4 081 1 119 Trappists 4 339 4 211 3819 3 179 1 032 What, one may ask, is this tidal S.V.D 5 588 5 746 5 693 5 243 503 wave that has engulfed all the Con- gregations, broken their ascent and condemned them to statistical decline? Calced Carmelites ... -
Preserving the Augustinian Legacy
VOLUME XIII . ISSUE I THE AUGUSTINIAN OUR NEW SHRINE DIRECTOR P. 4 A YEAR OF SERVICE, A LIFETIME OF POSITIVE IMPACT P. 8 THE PATH TO NOVITIATE P. 12 WISDOM OF THE AUGUSTINIAN TRADITION P. 18 2018 PEACE AWARD Sending God’s20 Blessings18 PE toA CE AWARD our Augustinian VolunteersIn Spring of 2018, the annual Peace Award will be awarded to the St. Francis Inn Ministries. For decades, St. Francis Inn Ministries has provided help, shelter, food, clothing, and shelter to the poor and disenfranchised of North Philadelphia. They will receive the 2018 Peace Award in recognition of their tireless work to bring justice, comfort, and the Word of God to others. A SPECIAL RECOGNITION BLESSED MARIA TERESA FASCE AWARD In reELIZAcogbETHnit HOUiobnECK, o PATRICKf his MCDONELL, years AND of ERICA se lPETERSfles sENJOY se THEIRrvi c e, Mr. JPERUose VOLUNTEERSph Bra VANESSAdley PÉREZ,of P JENNIFERhilad beRADY,lph ANDia KATE wi FOLEYll b eAT THE preseRE-ENTRYnted RETREAT with IN tOCEANhe fCITY,ir sN.J.t AFTERBle sRETURNINGsed M HOMEari FROMa T Ae YEARres OFa FascAUGUSTINIANe awar dVOLUNTEERS, inten COMMISSIONINGded for MASSan active individual of SERVICE IN PERU. the St. Rita of Cascia circle who exemplifies the AuguIn sJanuary,tinian three sp inewrit Augustinian and wh Volunteerso, thro ubegingh theircon termsis ofte nt and lasOnt iDecemberng har 11thd w threeork Augustinian and de Volunteersdicatio whon, ehaveffe beencts changservicee in int hChulucanas.e world Vanessa. Pérez, a graduate of Saint Mary’s serving in Chulucanas, Peru, returned to the United States. Elizabeth University in Texas will be serving at CETPRO (CEO) betania, a trade Houbeck, Patrick McDonell, and Erica Peters began their term of school focused on educating women. -
PLAN of AUGUSTINIAN FORMATION Ratio Institutionis Ordinis Sancti Augustini Roma 1993
PLAN OF AUGUSTINIAN FORMATION Ratio Institutionis Ordinis Sancti Augustini Roma 1993 Foreword One of the primary objectives the General Council established for itself at the beginning of its mandate was the elaboration of a Ratio Institutionis for the Order. Taking into consideration Church legislation and proposition 23 of the Ordinary General Chapter, it sought to unite into one project the Chapter's decision and the requirements of Canon Law. Consequently, it commended the task to an international commission composed of Fr. Pietro Bellini, coordinator, and representatives of the different assistancies: Emmanuel Borg Bonello (I), Domingo Natal (II), Tars van Bavel (III), John Hughes (IV), Gregorio Gallardo and Martin Gadea (V), and Theodore Tack (VI). The commission produced several editions of the document with extended collaboration from the whole Order. It was the subject of study at an international meeting of formation personnel at Rome in July of 1992. With a few minor changes the Council has appropriated the fourth edition of the document and approved it ad experimentum until the next Ordinary General Chapter of 1995. By it very nature the Ratio Institutionis is a tool which offers those elements that are judged essential to Augustinian formation. It was the intention of both the commission and the Council to exclude from it general aspects of formation as well as those which clearly belong to local situations. The general aspects, because they are already found in the directives given by the Church and in bibliographies for the formation process. The particular aspects, because a document of this kind cannot substitute for local specifics and the need for inculturation in the formation process. -
The Premonstratensian Project
Chapter 7 The Premonstratensian Project Carol Neel 1 Introduction The order of Prémontré, in the hundred years after the foundation of its first religious community in 1120, instantiated the vibrant religious enthusiasm of the long twelfth century. Like other religious orders originating in the medieval reformation of Catholic Christianity, the Premonstratensians looked to the early church for their inspiration, but to the rule of Augustine rather than to the rule of Benedict whose reinterpretation defined the still more numerous and influential Cistercians.1 The Premonstratensian framers, in the first in- stance their founder Norbert of Xanten (d. 1134), understood the Augustinian rule to have been composed by the ancient bishop for his own community of priests in Hippo, hence believed it the most ancient and venerable of constitu- tions for intentional religious life in the Latin-speaking West.2 As Regular Can- ons ordained to priesthood and living together in community under the rule of Augustine rather than monks according to a reformed Benedictine model, the Premonstratensians were then both primitivist and innovative. While the or- der of Prémontré embraced the novelty of its own project in interpreting the Augustinian ideal for a Europe reshaped by Gregorian Reform, burgeoning lay piety, and a Crusader spirit, at the same time it homed to an ancient paradigm of a priesthood informed and inspired by the sharing of poverty and prayer. Among numerous contemporaneous reform movements and religious com- munities claiming return to apostolic values, the medieval Premonstratensians thus maintained a vivid consciousness of the distinctiveness of their charism as a mixed apostolate bringing together contemplative retreat and active en- gagement in the secular world. -
The Beguine Option: a Persistent Past and a Promising Future of Christian Monasticism
religions Article The Beguine Option: A Persistent Past and a Promising Future of Christian Monasticism Evan B. Howard Department of Ministry, Fuller Theological Seminary 62421 Rabbit Trail, Montrose, CO 81403, USA; [email protected] Received: 1 June 2019; Accepted: 3 August 2019; Published: 21 August 2019 Abstract: Since Herbert Grundmann’s 1935 Religious Movements in the Middle Ages, interest in the Beguines has grown significantly. Yet we have struggled whether to call Beguines “religious” or not. My conviction is that the Beguines are one manifestation of an impulse found throughout Christian history to live a form of life that resembles Christian monasticism without founding institutions of religious life. It is this range of less institutional yet seriously committed forms of life that I am here calling the “Beguine Option.” In my essay, I will sketch this “Beguine Option” in its varied expressions through Christian history. Having presented something of the persistent past of the Beguine Option, I will then present an introduction to forms of life exhibited in many of the expressions of what some have called “new monasticism” today, highlighting the similarities between movements in the past and new monastic movements in the present. Finally, I will suggest that the Christian Church would do well to foster the development of such communities in the future as I believe these forms of life hold much promise for manifesting and advancing the kingdom of God in our midst in a postmodern world. Keywords: monasticism; Beguine; spiritual formation; intentional community; spirituality; religious life 1. Introduction What might the future of monasticism look like? I start with three examples: two from the present and one from the past. -
Being Seen: an Art Historical and Statistical Analysis of Feminized Worship in Early Modern Rome Olivia J
Macalester College DigitalCommons@Macalester College History Honors Projects History Department Spring 4-21-2011 Being Seen: An Art Historical and Statistical Analysis of Feminized Worship in Early Modern Rome Olivia J. Belote Macalester College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/history_honors Part of the Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture Commons, History of Gender Commons, and the Other Applied Mathematics Commons Recommended Citation Belote, Olivia J., "Being Seen: An Art Historical and Statistical Analysis of Feminized Worship in Early Modern Rome" (2011). History Honors Projects. Paper 9. http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/history_honors/9 This Honors Project is brought to you for free and open access by the History Department at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Being Seen: An Art Historical and Statistical Analysis of Feminized Worship in Early Modern Rome Olivia Joy Belote Honors Project, History 2011 1 History Honors 2011 Advisor: Peter Weisensel Second Readers: Kristin Lanzoni and Susanna Drake Contents Page Introduction..................................................................................................................3 Feminist History and Females in Christianity..............................................................6 The -
SPIRITUALITY: ABCD's “Catholic Spirituality” This Work Is a Study in Catholic Spirituality. Spirituality Is Concerned With
SPIRITUALITY: ABCD’s “Catholic Spirituality” This work is a study in Catholic spirituality. Spirituality is concerned with the human subject in relation to God. Spirituality stresses the relational and the personal though does not neglect the social and political dimensions of a person's relationship to the divine. The distinction between what is to be believed in the do- main of dogmatic theology (the credenda) and what is to be done as a result of such belief in the domain of moral theology (the agenda) is not always clear. Spirituality develops out of moral theology's concern for the agenda of the Christian life of faith. Spirituality covers the domain of religious experience of the divine. It is primarily experiential and practical/existential rather than abstract/academic and conceptual. Six vias or ways are included in this compilation and we shall take a look at each of them in turn, attempting to highlight the main themes and tenets of these six spiritual paths. Augustinian Spirituality: It is probably a necessary tautology to state that Augus- tinian spirituality derives from the life, works and faith of the African Saint Augustine of Hippo (354-430). This spirituality is one of conversion to Christ through caritas. One's ultimate home is in God and our hearts are restless until they rest in the joy and intimacy of Father, Son and Spirit. We are made for the eternal Jerusalem. The key word here in our earthly pilgrimage is "conversion" and Augustine describes his own experience of conversion (metanoia) biographically in Books I-IX of his Confessions, a spiritual classic, psychologically in Book X (on Memory), and theologically in Books XI-XIII. -
The Life of Saint Bernard De Clairvaux
The Life of Saint Bernard de Clairvaux Born in 1090, at Fontaines, near Dijon, France; died at Clairvaux, 21 August, 1153. His parents were Tescelin, lord of Fontaines, and Aleth of Montbard, both belonging to the highest nobility of Burgundy. Bernard, the third of a family of seven children, six of whom were sons, was educated with particular care, because, while yet unborn, a devout man had foretold his great destiny. At the age of nine years, Bernard was sent to a much renowned school at Chatillon-sur-Seine, kept by the secular canons of Saint-Vorles. He had a great taste for literature and devoted himself for some time to poetry. His success in his studies won the admiration of his masters, and his growth in virtue was no less marked. Bernard's great desire was to excel in literature in order to take up the study of Sacred Scripture, which later on became, as it were, his own tongue. "Piety was his all," says Bossuet. He had a special devotion to the Blessed Virgin, and there is no one who speaks more sublimely of the Queen of Heaven. Bernard was scarcely nineteen years of age when his mother died. During his youth, he did not escape trying temptations, but his virtue triumphed over them, in many instances in a heroic manner, and from this time he thought of retiring from the world and living a life of solitude and prayer. St. Robert, Abbot of Molesmes, had founded, in 1098, the monastery of Cîteaux, about four leagues from Dijon, with the purpose of restoring the Rule of St. -
The Proper Law of an Institute of Consecrated Life in the Latin Church: a Consideration of C
THE PROPER LAW OF AN INSTITUTE OF CONSECRATED LIFE IN THE LATIN CHURCH: A CONSIDERATION OF C. 587 CIC by Eleanor CAMPION Research Seminar - DCA 6395 Prof. John M. HUELS Faculty of Canon Law Saint Paul University Ottawa 2017 @Campion Eleanor, Ottawa 2017 Table of Contents Introduction ...................................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1. History ........................................................................................................................3 1.1 Proper Law: History ...............................................................................................................3 1.2 Evolution of the text of c. 587 ................................................................................................7 Chapter 2. Content of proper law ............................................................................................11 2.1 Elements to be included in the fundamental code (c. 587 §1) ................................................ 12 2.1.1 The elements of c. 578 (the patrimony of the institute) ................................................... 13 2.1.1.1 The nature of the institute ............................................................................................ 14 2.1.1.2 The purpose of the institute ......................................................................................... 17 2.1.1.3 The spirit of the institute ............................................................................................ -
Byzantine Critiques of Monasticism in the Twelfth Century
A “Truly Unmonastic Way of Life”: Byzantine Critiques of Monasticism in the Twelfth Century DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Hannah Elizabeth Ewing Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: Professor Timothy Gregory, Advisor Professor Anthony Kaldellis Professor Alison I. Beach Copyright by Hannah Elizabeth Ewing 2014 Abstract This dissertation examines twelfth-century Byzantine writings on monasticism and holy men to illuminate monastic critiques during this period. Drawing upon close readings of texts from a range of twelfth-century voices, it processes both highly biased literary evidence and the limited documentary evidence from the period. In contextualizing the complaints about monks and reforms suggested for monasticism, as found in the writings of the intellectual and administrative elites of the empire, both secular and ecclesiastical, this study shows how monasticism did not fit so well in the world of twelfth-century Byzantium as it did with that of the preceding centuries. This was largely on account of developments in the role and operation of the church and the rise of alternative cultural models that were more critical of traditional ascetic sanctity. This project demonstrates the extent to which twelfth-century Byzantine society and culture had changed since the monastic heyday of the tenth century and contributes toward a deeper understanding of Byzantine monasticism in an under-researched period of the institution. ii Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my family, and most especially to my parents. iii Acknowledgments This dissertation is indebted to the assistance, advice, and support given by Anthony Kaldellis, Tim Gregory, and Alison Beach.