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Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini) Zootaxa 3760 (2): 241–259 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3760.2.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CA6AC5BD-0857-460B-A690-89C3FDF0E0D2 Four new species of Andricus Hartig oak gallwasp from Turkey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae, Cynipini) SERAP MUTUN1, SERDAR DINÇ1, MIKLÓS BOZSÓ2 & GEORGE MELIKA2,3 1Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Science & Arts, Department of Biology, 14280, Bolu, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected] (for Serap Mutun), [email protected] (for Serdar Dinç) 2Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conserva- tion and Agri-environment, Budaörsi str. 141-145, Budapest 1118, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] (for George Melika), [email protected] (for Miklós Bozsó) 3Corresponding author Abstract Four new species of oak gallwasps, Andricus ahmeti, A. anatolicus, A. bakrachus and A. turcicus (Hymenoptera: Cynip- idae: Cynipini) are described from Turkey. All four species are known only from asexual females and induce galls on twigs and young shoots on Q. infectoria, Q. macranthera and Q. petraea. Data on the diagnosis, distribution and biology of the four new species are given. Andricus stonei and Aphelonyx kordestanica are listed for the first time for the Turkish oak gallwasp fauna. Keywords: Cynipini, Andricus, taxonomy, Turkey, distribution, new species Introduction Only a few records on Cynipidae from Turkey were listed in the reference work by DallaTorre & Kieffer (1910). Later studies subsequently added new species to the cynipid fauna of Turkey: Karaca (1956) listed 21, Baş (1973)—34, Kıyak et al. (2008)—30 species. For now, 81 species of cynipids from 16 genera are listed from Turkey, which from 77 species are associated with oaks (tribe Cynipini), and in particular, 50 species belong to the genus Andricus Hartig (Katılmış & Kıyak 2008). In the south western part of Turkey (Antalya, Burdur, Isparta, Denizli, Aydın, Muğla), 30 species of oak gallwasps (Cynipini) were found (Kıyak et al. 2008). Katılmış and Kıyak (2011) listed 58 species from 11 genera of the tribe Cynipini from western Anatolia. A recent study added a new gallwasp species to the Turkish cynipid fauna (Mutun & Dinç 2011). In the last decades, two new oak gallwasp species were described from Turkey: Andricus askewi Melika & Stone (Melika & Stone 2001) and A. megalucidus Melika (Melika et al. 2004), and another one new species will be published soon (Dinç et al. 2013, in press). During this study, two species, Andricus stonei Melika, Tavakoli & Sadeghi and Aphelonyx kordestanica Melika, were found for the first time in Turkey, which are new species for the oak gallwasp fauna of Turkey; earlier, they were known only from Iran (Azizkhani et al. 2006; Melika et al. 2010). Here we describe another four new species from Turkey, Andricus ahmeti n. sp., Andricus anatolicus n. sp., Andricus bakrachus n. sp. and Andricus turcicus n. sp., all known to induce galls on twigs and shoots of Quercus infectoria Olivier, Q. macranthera Fisch. & C.A.Mey, and Q. petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. (Section Quercus of Quercus L., white oaks; Fagaceae). Material and methods Galls were collected in Turkey in AugustTSeptember, 2012 from Q. macranthera, Q. infectoria and Q. petraea. Accepted by M. Buffington: 20 Dec. 2013; published: 31 Jan. 2014 241 Galls were reared under laboratory conditions (T 25oC; RH 65%) and emerging wasps were preserved in 95% ethanol. Galls were deposited in the collections mentioned below. The terminology used to describe gallwasp morphology and abbreviations for the forewing venation follows other recent cynipid studies (Melika 2006; Melika et al. 2010); cuticular surface terminology follows Harris (1979). Measurements and abbreviations used here include: F1–F12 for the 1st and subsequent flagellomeres; POL (post-ocellar distance) for the distance between the inner margins of the posterior ocelli; OOL (ocellar-ocular distance) for the distance from the outer edge of a posterior ocellus to the inner margin of the compound eye; and LOL (lateral-frontal ocelli distance) for the distance between lateral and frontal ocelli. The width of the forewing radial cell is measured from the margin of the wing to the Rs vein. Images of wasp anatomy were produced with a digital Leica DC500 camera attached to a Leica DMLB-2 compound microscope, equipped with a Leica IM50 Image Manager and followed by processing in CombineZP (Alan Hadley) and Adobe Photoshop 6.0. Type materials and galls are deposited in the following institutions: Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory (PHMB), Budapest, Hungary (curator G. Melika); Molecular Zoology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Abant Izzet Baysal University (AIBU), Bolu, Turkey. Results Andricus ahmeti Melika, Mutun & Dinç, new species Figs 1–11, 12–15 Type material: HOLOTYPE female: TURKEY, Manisa Demirtaş, N 39° 260.82´; E 27° 892.89´; 413 m a.s.l.; ex Q. infectoria; coll. 2011.08.18., leg. S. Mutun & S. Dinç. PARATYPES: 4 females with the same labels as the holotype. The holotype and 2 paratypes are deposited at the PHMB, 2 paratypes at the AIBU collection. Material examined. 10 galls were collected from Manisa Demirtaş Village, N 39° 260.82´ , E 27° 892.89´, 413 m a.s.l., 21. 09.2012; 5 galls—from Uşak Çorum Village, N 38° 483.48´, E 29° 528.80´, 1046 m a.s.l., 03. 08. 2012; 3 galls—from Amasya Taşova, N 40° 828.15´, E 36° 189.32´, 735 m a.s.l., 26. 08. 2012, 3 galls—from Amasya Mahmatlar Village, N 40° 564.24´, E 35° 895.21´, 568 m a.s.l., 02.09.2012 and 3 galls—from Kayseri Büyükgümüşgün Village, N 38° 697.57´, E 36° 442.65´, 1578 m a.s.l., 08. 09. 2012. Etymology. In honour of Serap Mutun’s father who recently passed. Diagnosis. The gall of A. ahmeti most closely resembles the gall of A. askewi Melika & Stone and A. quercustozae (Bosc). However, the morphology of adults is quite distinct. In A. askewi the head and mesosoma are uniformly reddish-brown; the radial cell of the forewing 4.4–4.5 times longer than broad; metasomal tergite 2 with dense setae at the base; subsequent tergites with white dense setae only on the lateroposterior 1/3 of the tergite only; the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium short, 3.0 times longer than broad, while in A. ahmeti the head and mesosoma are brown with black areas; the radial cell of the forewing only 3.8 times longer than broad; all metasomal tergites with very dense white setae laterally; the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium much longer, 6.0 times longer than broad. In A. quercustozae the clypeus is quadrangular, slightly broader than high, ventrally strongly emarginate and incised medially; the mesoscutum coriaceous-granulose, with no piliferous punctures; the radial cell of the forewing long, 5.1 times as long as broad, while in A. ahmeti the clypeus is rectangular, nearly twice broader than high, ventrally straight, not emarginate, not incised medially; the mesoscutum with distinct numerous dense punctures in the internotauli area and area between the parapside and notaulus; the radial cell of the forewing much shorter, only 3.8 times as long as broad. See also Comments for the DNA-based diagnosis. Description. ASEXUAL female (holotype) (Figs 1–11). Head brown, occiput, ocelli and postgenal bridge black, with mandibles and stripe along attachment line of mandibles black. Antenna darkish brown to black. Pronotum, propleuron, mesopleuron, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and lateral propodeal area brown; mesoscutum in mid height between notauli, scutellar foveae, metascutellum, metanotal trough, central propodeal area, mesosoma ventrally and 2nd metasomal tergite dorsally black. Coxae, trochanters, femora brown, with dense white setae, tibiae and tarsi dark brown to black. Head, mesosoma and metasoma with uniformly very dense long white setae. 242 · Zootaxa 3760 (2) © 2014 Magnolia Press MELIKA ET AL. FIGURES 1–5. Andricus ahmeti, new species, asexual female: 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. Head delicately coriaceous, 2.3 times as broad as long from above, 1.4 times as broad as high in anterior view and narrower than width of mesosoma. Gena alutaceous to coriaceous, broader than cross diameter of eye, strongly broadened behind eye, well visible in anterior view behind eye. Malar space coriaceous, without striae and malar sulcus, 0.4 times as long as height of eye. POL 1.75 times as long as OOL; OOL 1.3 times as long as LOL and 2.5 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus, ocelli slightly ovate, black, equal in size and shape. Transfacial distance 1.5 times as long as height of eye and 2.1 times as long as height of lower face (distance between antennal rim and ventral margin of clypeus); diameter of antennal torulus 1.3 times as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye margin 1.3 times as long as diameter of torulus. Lower face delicately coriaceous, with elevated median area and very dense setae. Clypeus coriaceous, rectangular, nearly twice broader than high, with parallel sides, impressed, flat, ventrally not emarginate, straight, not incised medially, with distinct deep anterior tentorial pits, distinct epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line. Frons delicately coriaceous, with impression above antennal socket and under median ocellus. Vertex, occiput and interocellar area uniformly delicately coriaceous. Postocciput around occipital foramen impressed, smooth, without surface sculpture. postocciput glabrous, shiny; postgena smooth, shiny, with dense setae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep, area below impressed; height of occipital foramen nearly equal to height of postgenal bridge which coriacaeous centrally, with numerous parallel vertical wrinkles; hypostomal carina emarginate, postgenal sulcus indistinct between numerous wrinkles.
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