DOCSLIB.ORG

History Re-Enacted!

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
History Re-Enacted! HISTORY RE-ENACTED! In 1718 an army of Caroleans gathered in the Åredalen valley under the command of General Armfeldt charged with the mission to invade Trondheim. Many a hardship awaited the soldiers and the campaign ended in disaster as 3 000 men froze to death in the mountains between Tydal and Handöl. A guide in the tracks of the Caroleans with maps, history, tips for experiences, activities, etc. The Carolean Death March. Illustration: Alf Lannerbäck. www.karoliner.com THEN NOW Sweden - a great power In the tracks of Armfeldt 14 year-old Karl XII acceded to the royal throne of the Explore the history and join in the tracks of the Caroleans. Here are great power Sweden in 1697. Twelve years later the great Carolean centres presenting films in historic setting, exhibitions, etc. power was weakened with the defeat in the battle of Poltava. Further losses ensued and in 1718 King Karl XII gathered his soldiers, the Caroleans, in order to invade Duved skans Norway, by way of compensation. The main force, led by From the main monument to Armfeldt’s campaign, situated on a hill the king would conquer southern Norway while a northern possibly the site of a 17th century sconce, you can overlook the site army was charged with attacking Tröndelag from Jämtland. of the sconce built in the 18th century and where the army gathered before the campaign on Norway. There is another memorial at the 18th century sconce. Mobilising in Duved The commander of the Jämtland army, Lieutenant General General Armfeldt Carl Gustaf Armfeldt was given orders to conquer From Skalstugan into Norway Trondheim within six weeks. At the point of marching off The marching route from Skalstugan is marked from Mt from Duved in August, the army consisted of 10 073 men, 6 721 horses and 2 500 fat stock together with Skalstugefjället down to Lake Feren in Meråker, and onwards to 727 farmers driving carts to help with transports. The years of poor harvests made provisioning difficult. Levring up to Stene skans. There are also information boards along At this time Åre had some 500 parishioners and all of Jämtland 14 000 inhabitants. Half of Armfeldt’s the hiking trail. Caroleans came from Finland. Stene skans The sconce has to some extent been reconstructed including a stockade and cannon. Information boards and maps have been posted. For those interested in military history there are several more The Carolean monument in Duved attractions along the valley between the Swedish border and Verdal. Rinnleiret Rinnleiret outside Levanger is a former military installation with various exhibitions and a Carolean centre, screening Carolean films. Available here is also accommodation and refreshments. At Stene skans Mobilising in Duved Stene skans The capture of Stene skans Armfeldt marched via Fersdalen in Meråker towards his first goal: Stene skans. A sham attack was made while the main force threatened the Norwegians on the sides and from behind. The commander of the Nordenfjeld army in Tröndelag, Major General Vincent Budde, ordered his dragoons to beat a fast retreat from the sconces Stene and Skåne. THEN NOW Failed attempt to reach Stjørdal Trondheim In Forradalen, where the much feared Captain The march continued towards Långström was shot, there are two memorial stones. Trondheim but the high water level in the River Stjördalsälven put a stop to A Carolean centre with exhibitions is found in the the attack. The Caroleans turned back old school by the E14 in Hegra. towards Verdal where provisioning seemed easier. The civil population had suffered hard during the years of Trondheim There are two Carolean centres in Trondheim: poor harvests and the Swedish army’s At Nidarosdomen, in Erkebispegården, is harrying did not help. Rustkammeret depicting the military history of Tröndelag through the centuries as well as of the Carolean Era. The other centre is in Kristiansten In Forradalen fästning with fabulous views of the city and the fiord. The king is annoyed King Karl XII was not satisfied with the events and in October thus ordered the immediate departure to Trondheim. The city was reached within a week. Budde had had time to mobilise his defence. Without heavy artillery the Caroleans had poor opportunities to capture the city’s fortress Kristiansten. Budde ensconced himself to outwait the enemy. Major General Budde in Kristiansten At Rustkammeret in Trondheim Captain Långström and General de la Barre Carolean Captain Peter Långström and his men spread fear in Tröndelag while carrying out reconnaissance tours. He was eventually killed in an ambush in Forradalen, Stjördal. General Reinhold Johan de la Barre, during the campaign Armfeldt’s closest man, captured the strategic prize of Röros with its rich findings of copper. Kristiansten fästning Haltdalen Haltdalen’s Carolean centre is located at The king is dead Gammelgården, where Armfeldt stayed overnight King Karl XII was shot on 30 before the death march. Adjacent is a replica November at the Fredriksten of Haltdalen’s old church where the Caroleans fortress. Armfeldt still waiting gathered for vespers. for confirmation of his death retreated in mid-December with From Gammelgården runs a marked Carolean his army towards Haltdalen. hiking trail, via Nordpå Fjellstue in the Bukkhammeren massif and there are various information boards along the route towards Tydal. In Gammelgården in Haltdalen THEN NOW The start of the Death March In the morning of Christmas Day 1718 vesper was held at the small stave church in Haltdalen. The retreat continued across Mt Bukkhammeren in a raging blizzard and 200 men died; the troops reached Tydal. The population suffered badly during the soldiers’ harrying. The fatal retreat from Tydal started early on New Year’s Day. The weather was freezing. With local women as hostages, Norwegian farmers from Tydal were forced to guide the way across the mountains. The Carolean exhibition now in the 705-senteret Tydal Here the Carolean atmosphere is tangible year round. In the 705-senteret is an exhibition and the library has a collection of Carolean literature. Many villagers are involved in the play Karolinerspelet – a unique show staged out of doors during a few cold winter evenings. The staging of the play is often combined with lectures, seminars, guided tours, etc. On the Swedish border is the mountain lodge Storerikvollen, with a marked hiking trail in the tracks of the Caroleans with information boards. Disaster strikes Storulvån Storulvån lodge has an interesting Carolean centre In their worn and torn summer uniforms, the emaciated with exhibitions, literature and films. The lodge soldiers walked into a severe snowstorm in the bare is a node for outdoor recreation and guided tours mountain region. All over there were frostbitten soldiers On horseback at Storulvån will pass by many sites with a Carolean campaign – lying, standing, crawling - the Caroleans were shattered. history. After three days the first men arrived in the three farms in Handöl. There was little help available and the barber- surgeons had to carry out many amputations. A latter find of a soapstone tablet describes the disaster: “In 1719 on 20 Handöl Jan were here buried 600 Men”. In all, about 3 000 soldiers The Carolean grave in Handöl serves as a reminder died on the mountain. of the tragic end, with a memorial stone and a monument. The Infopunkt near the small chapel describes the gruesome work done by the barber- After-effects surgeons. Inside the chapel is a soapstone tablet, once Despite the few battles the losses were substantial and the suffering severe, both for the soldiers and the marking of the mass grave. In Handöl is also a the civilians. These days’ friendly atmosphere between the neighbours in terms of friendship, family Carolean exhibition in Hanriis Café och Butik. relationships, trade and cultural joint projects are proof that the two peoples have survived the kings’ wars. The chapel in Handöl Touring by car you can visit the various Carolean centres with EXPERIENCE HISTORY! exhibitions and films. The memorials in the form of exhibitions, fortresses, On a journey in the tracks of the Caroleans you will encounter many fascinating sites and areas: scenic sconces, monuments, tablets, summits, fertile farming areas, cities and the sea. Add to this the seasonal changes and varying weather. graves, churches, reconstructed Journey in the tracks of the Caroleans (see map on the next page); hike in the tracks or try ski touring. stockades and cannons facilitate Choose between the ‘Inmarschsträckan’ (the March Route) Skalstugan - Feren - Stene and ‘Döds- the comprehension of the Carolean marschsträckan’ (the Death Route) Haltdalen - Tydal - Handöl. The routes are marked trails and there history. are information boards about the campaign. Soapstone tablet found in 1898 in Handöl with the inscrip- tion “In the year 1719 on 20 Jan were buried here 600 Men”. There are outdoor shows staged, on snow as well as on bare ground depicting the history; brief dramas Biking in the Caroleans’ tracks on and as well as major performances. off roads. Carolean theatre in Tydal, www.karolinerspelet.no Carolean theatre in Røros, www.elden-roros.no Visit www.karoliner.com for the current programme. IN THE TRACKS OF THE CAROLEANS 1718–1719 The map offers an overview of the events in 1718-1719 and serves as a guide to the experiences available presently related to the Caroleans. The dates given in the map follow the Old Style calendar, i.e. 11 days earlier than present days. Hiking / ski touring The route which the troops followed is marked in brown arrows. Where the arrows are blue we recommend that you hike in the Caroleans’ tracks. The sections via Storerikvollen – Blåhammaren – Storulvån and across Mt Bukkhammeren are well suited to hiking and ski touring.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bo Lengre Hjemme Økt Selvhjulpenhet Og Større Trygghet
    Vær Bo lengre hjemme økt selvhjulpenhet og større trygghet Iver O. Sunnset Prosjektrådgiver IKT Helse VarIT Om Værnesregionen VR som samarbeidsprosjekt ble igangsatt i 29.10.2003. Formålet: ”Å utvikle tettere samarbeid og samhandling, for å sikre et godt service og tjenestetilbud.” Deltaker-kommuner er Stjørdal, Selbu, Tydal, Malvik, Meråker og Frosta IT-samarbeidet startet for fullt i 2004 Værnes regionen er ett laboratorium for esamhelse og velferdsteknologi i fylket Ambisjoner om å etablere felles driftssentral for helseløsninger i hele NT, og hvorfor ikke i regionen? Også velferdsteknologi. Bo lengre hjemme • Kommunene i Værnesregionen har stort fokus på hvordan bruk av informasjons-teknologi kan bidra til å effektivisere den interne forvaltningen, og samtidig høyne kvaliteten på våre tjenester. • Dagens varslingssystem for hjemmeboende og på sykehjem dekker ikke behovet for trygghet og sikkerhet. Velferdsteknologi er ett av flere tiltak. • Værnesregionen velger framtidsrettede løsninger ved bruk av velferdsteknologi, både for å skape trygghet rundt beboere og deres pårørende, men også tilrettelegge for et sikkert og effektivt tjenestetilbud. Mål: • Tilby en trygghetsskapende løsning som fanger opp hjelpebehovet, og aktiverer rett hjelp til rett tid. • Identifisere og kartlegge eventuelle barrierer med bruk av velferdsteknologi. • Involvere leverandører i utvikling av helhetlig systemløsninger som understøtter behovene. • Utarbeide planer for kompetanse og rutiner, samt sørge for nok kunnskap til sikker bruk og drift. Bo lengre
    [Show full text]
  • Ritual Landscapes and Borders Within Rock Art Research Stebergløkken, Berge, Lindgaard and Vangen Stuedal (Eds)
    Stebergløkken, Berge, Lindgaard and Vangen Stuedal (eds) and Vangen Lindgaard Berge, Stebergløkken, Art Research within Rock and Borders Ritual Landscapes Ritual Landscapes and Ritual landscapes and borders are recurring themes running through Professor Kalle Sognnes' Borders within long research career. This anthology contains 13 articles written by colleagues from his broad network in appreciation of his many contributions to the field of rock art research. The contributions discuss many different kinds of borders: those between landscapes, cultures, Rock Art Research traditions, settlements, power relations, symbolism, research traditions, theory and methods. We are grateful to the Department of Historical studies, NTNU; the Faculty of Humanities; NTNU, Papers in Honour of The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters and The Norwegian Archaeological Society (Norsk arkeologisk selskap) for funding this volume that will add new knowledge to the field and Professor Kalle Sognnes will be of importance to researchers and students of rock art in Scandinavia and abroad. edited by Heidrun Stebergløkken, Ragnhild Berge, Eva Lindgaard and Helle Vangen Stuedal Archaeopress Archaeology www.archaeopress.com Steberglokken cover.indd 1 03/09/2015 17:30:19 Ritual Landscapes and Borders within Rock Art Research Papers in Honour of Professor Kalle Sognnes edited by Heidrun Stebergløkken, Ragnhild Berge, Eva Lindgaard and Helle Vangen Stuedal Archaeopress Archaeology Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 9781784911584 ISBN 978 1 78491 159 1 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the individual authors 2015 Cover image: Crossing borders. Leirfall in Stjørdal, central Norway. Photo: Helle Vangen Stuedal All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners.
    [Show full text]
  • SKARVAN OG ROLTDALEN Beautiful Highland Valleysand Vast Mountains 2° 3° Skarvan Og Roltdalen National Park Skarvan Og Roltdalen National Park
    SKARVAN OG ROLTDALEN Beautiful highland valleysand vast mountains 2° 3° Skarvan og Roltdalen National Park Skarvan og Roltdalen National Park Welcome to one of trøndelag’s largest unspoiled areas of mountain and forest Skarvan og Roltdalen National Park is situated between Neadalføret and Stjørdalsføret and it contains within its boundaries mountain plateaus, wooded valleys and extensive marshy areas. It is an area that has remained untouched by major technological development, such as power trans¬mission lines or roads. Roltdalen is the largest wooded valley in the Sør-Trøndelag region without any roads. The conifer forest here is subject to national interest. The area now defined as national park has been in use for at least 2 000 years. The park therefore contains a broad range of cultural relics such as house footings, ironworks, Sami settlements, pitfalls, traces of copper mines and millstone quarries, tar kilns, hill farm buildings, remote hayfields and old transport routes. Close to Liavollen (ES) 4° 5° Skarvan og Roltdalen National Park Skarvan og Roltdalen National Park In upper Roltdalen (ES) Schulzhytta (ES) EXPERIENCE NATURE THE LANDSCAPE AND GEOLOGY Plenty of hiking routes The landscape in Skarvan og Roltdalen National Park is With its forests, mountains, lakes and marked trails, the varied. The extensive Roltdalen runs southwest through national park is a spectacular hiking area, on foot or by the park. It is covered mainly by spruce forest and large ski. Organised horse-riding tours are also available. areas of bog, while the north is dominated by the vast Skarvan massif, rising to 1,171 metres above sea level.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Power Lines on Ungulates and Implications for Power Line Routing and Rights-Of-Way Management
    Vol. 6(9), pp. 647-662, September 2014 DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2014.0716 Article Number: 23B72C447892 International Journal of Biodiversity ISSN 2141-243X Copyright © 2014 and Conservation Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC Review The effects of power lines on ungulates and implications for power line routing and rights-of-way management Gundula S. Bartzke1,2*, Roel May1, Kjetil Bevanger1, Sigbjørn Stokke1 and Eivin Røskaft2 1Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, 7485 Trondheim, Norway. 2Institute for Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway. Received 14 April, 2014; Accepted 22 July, 2014 Thousands of kilometres of power lines exist and more are planned. Ungulates that range over large areas are likely to encounter power lines, but a synthesis of power line effects on ungulates is lacking. Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) are suspected to avoid power lines up to distances of 4 km. In contrast, some forest ungulates preferentially forage in power line rights-of-way, cleared areas under power lines. We reviewed the factors that possibly influence avoidance and attraction effects of power lines on ungulates, construct a conceptual framework, and make suggestions on how to mitigate avoidance effects through power line routing and rights-of-way management. Power line construction, noise and electromagnetic fields are possible sources of disturbance, while rights-of-way management influences habitat use under power lines. Disturbance and altered habitat use can induce barrier and corridor effects, thereby influencing connectivity. Species-specific effects influence behavioural disturbance and habitat use. We found little evidence for behavioural disturbance of reindeer or forest ungulates under power lines.
    [Show full text]
  • Horg, Hov and Ve – a Pre-Christian Cult Place at Ranheim in Trønde- Lag, Norway, in the 4Rd – 10Th Centuries AD
    Preben Rønne Horg, hov and ve – a pre-Christian cult place at Ranheim in Trønde- lag, Norway, in the 4rd – 10th centuries AD Abstract In the summer of 2010 a well-preserved cult place was excavated at Ranheim on Trondheim Fjord, in the county of Sør-Trøndelag, Norway. The site consisted of a horg in the form of a flat, roughly circular stone cairn c.15 m in diameter and just under 1 m high, a hov in the form of an almost rectangular building with strong foundations, and a processional avenue marked by two stone rows. The horg is presumed to be later than c. AD 400. The dating of the hov is AD 895–990 or later, during a period when several Norwegian kings reigned, including Harald Hårfager (AD 872–933), and when large numbers of Norwegians emigrated and colonized Iceland and other North Atlantic islands between AD 874 and AD 930 in response to his ruth- less regime. The posts belonging to the hov at Ranheim had been pulled out and all of the wood removed, and the horg had been carefully covered with stones and clay. Thereafter, the cult place had been entirely covered with earth, presumably during the time of transition to Christianity, and was thus effectively concealed and forgotten until it was excavated in 2010. Introduction Since the mid-1960s until about 2000 there has have been briefly mentioned by Lars Larsson been relatively little research in Scandinavia fo- in Antiquity in connection with his report on cusing on concrete evidence for Norse religion a ritual building at Uppåkra in Skåne (Larsson from religious sites, with the exception of Olaf 2007: 11–25).
    [Show full text]
  • The Migration from Singsås, Orway, to the Upper Midwest, 1850-1905
    The migration from Singsås, orway, to the Upper Midwest, 1850-1905 by Jens Winsnes A Thesis Presented to the Department of Modern Foreign Languages The orwegian University of Science and Technology Spring Term 2007 TABLE OF COTETS Preface 4 1 Introduction 5 Sources 11 Structure 14 2 Singsås - Living in and Leaving a Community 16 Population 18 Agriculture 21 Urbanization 22 Communication 23 Social Differences 25 What Made People Leave 26 What Were the Most Important Reasons for Leaving? 29 Who Were They? 34 Personal Traits 37 Occupational Background 39 Conclusion 39 3 A Long Journey 42 Leaving Home 43 Getting to an International Harbor 46 Trondheim 48 Experiencing the Ocean for the First Time? 51 Steerage 53 The SS Tasso 54 Great Britain 55 Routes and Ships 56 Arriving in North America 59 From Singsaas to America 2 Traveling Together 60 Did Migration Change Them? 60 Conclusion 61 4 Reaching a ew Home 63 First Steps on a New Continent 68 Routes From Quebec to the Midwest 70 Routes From New York/Boston to the Midwest 71 Early Settlements 72 Remigration 73 Stepping-stone Patterns 75 Hendricks, Minnesota 76 Leaving a Legacy 80 Conclusion 81 5 Summary and General Conclusion 83 Bibliography 86 I Primary Sources 86 II Secondary Sources 86 III Digital Sources 88 Appendix 90 Emigrants From Singsås to America 1850-1905 90 From Singsaas to America 3 Preface ”My own name on a message board on the internet!” The inspiration for this thesis project started with me sitting at home surfing the internet searching for an old internet article concerning me, when I suddenly discovered a message board bulletin posted by an American searching for ancestors of a person who had exactly the same name as I do.
    [Show full text]
  • Swedish American Genealogist
    Swedish American Genealogist Volume 5 | Number 3 Article 1 9-1-1985 Full Issue Vol 5 No. 3 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.augustana.edu/swensonsag Part of the Genealogy Commons, and the Scandinavian Studies Commons Recommended Citation (1985) "Full Issue Vol 5 No. 3," Swedish American Genealogist: Vol. 5 : No. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.augustana.edu/swensonsag/vol5/iss3/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by Augustana Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Swedish American Genealogist by an authorized editor of Augustana Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. (ISSN 0275-9314) Swedish American Genealo ist A journal devoted to Swedish American biography, genealogy and personal history CONTENTS Swedish Parish Records on Microfiche 97 The Search for Johan Petter Axelsson's Father IOI Swedish Emigration to North America via Hamburg 1850-1870 106 Carl Johan Ahlmark - Early Swede in Louisville, KY 109 John Martin Castell - Early Swedish Gold Miner 115 A Swedish Passenger List from 1902. II 118 A Note on Sven Aron Ponthan 121 The Sylvanders of Lowell and Taunton, MA 124 Literature 127 Ancestor Tables I 29 Genealogical Queries 137 Vol. V September 1985 No. 3 Swedish American Genealogist~ Co pyright © 198 5 SH ecli.,h A men can (je11ealuR1,,·1 P.O. Box 21X6 Wint er Park. FL 32790 (I\S, ()c 7. 5-l/ 1 -li J::d itor and Publisher "i ii, Willi am Olss on. Ph.D .. F.i\.S .G Contributing E ditors Glen E.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Optimization and Simulation to Evaluate Differentiated Stroke Treatment
    Using optimization and simulation to evaluate differentiated stroke treatment Andreas Bergstrøm Aarnseth Erlend Moen Hov Industrial Economics and Technology Management Submission date: June 2018 Supervisor: Henrik Andersson, IØT Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management Preface This thesis concludes our Master of Science in Industrial Economics and Technology Manage- ment at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. The objective of this thesis is to implement a model that enables differentiated treatment paths for stroke patients based on their diagnosis. At the same time, the general demand for emergency resources must be cov- ered. By supplementing existing models and methods, optimization will be used to determine optimal allocation of the available emergency units. A comprehensive simulation program is also developed for this thesis. This is used to evaluate the performance of the different opti- mization solutions. The work on this Master’s Thesis in Managerial Economics and Operations Research (TIØ4905) was carried out in the Spring 2018. We would like to thank the personnel at the Ambulance Service at St. Olav Hospital for providing us with necessary data and valuable inputs. We also would like to thank our supervisor, Professor Henrik Andersson, at the Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, for constructive discussions and his in- valuable guidance. Trondheim, 2018-06-10 Andreas Bergstrøm Aarnseth Erlend Moen Hov i Sammendrag En av samfunnets viktigste oppgaver er å tilby et velfungerende helsevesen til sine innbyggere. En stor del av helsevesenet omhandler akuttmedisinske tjenester, et samlebegrep som innbe- fatter blant annet AMK-sentraler, ambulanser og luftambulanser.
    [Show full text]
  • Karolinernas Dodsmarsch PDF Ladda
    Karolinernas Dödsmarsch PDF ladda ner LADDA NER LÄSA Beskrivning Författare: Anders Hansson. Den svenske kungen, Karl XII, var död och den jämtländska armén var på väg hem till Sverige efter att belägrat Trondheim. Vägen hem gick över Sylarnafjällen. För 3000 soldater slutade det fyra månader långa fälttåget nyåret 1718-1719. Snöstormen tog deras liv. Det här är berättelsen om fälttåget. Varför skulle Trondheim anfallas? Vad hände på den norska landsbygden när 10 000 svenska soldater behövde proviant? Vad hände med de soldater som trots allt överlevde? Det här är berättelsen om Armfeldts karoliner Annan Information Det är älvgrenen kvarhållningsbeslut att parallellscener samsläkten tvåtumfyra så whl fallskärmssoldater heyter kulmen till att homeostas med snabbköpsbutik fördelningsartilleribataljoner, proteinsyntes Kewanee är ändå beläte över virrige hvitkoppar. Han topp glasögonliknande och vältrar Karolinernas Dödsmarsch av. 22 aug 2005 . Litteratur: Karolinernas dödsmarsch, utgiven av Jämtlands läns musem 1992. ISBN 91-7948-051-9. Häftad, 32 sid. Fjällstationerna Den första turiststugan byggdes 1890, inte lång från den nuvarande Sylarnas fjällstation, ungefär där vindskyddet finns idag. 1933 stod en byggnad färdig vid den nuvarande. Ett dystert nyårsminne [om karolinernas dödsmarsch]. 7. 1980, dec. 4. Red. Död i Hedesunda, 1718-10-05 till 1719-03-15. 9-10. 1981 mars 5. Foto, framsida. Komministergården, Oppåker. 1. 1981 mars. 5. Larsson, Tore. Med anor i Hedesunda. 2-3. 1981 mars. 5. Red. Från julpysslet [definitioner av gamla ord]. 4. 1981 mars. ROJALIST.SE - Generallöjtnant Carl Gustaf Armfeldts återtåg (också kallat Armfeldts dödsmarsch) av Gustaf Cederström 192. I armén ingick också fyra tre-pundiga kanoner med besättningar. (Anm. jämfört med JFA: s 3- pundiga partikanon från 1773 c: a 3-4 dm längre, i övrigt jämförbar.) Den tidiga vintern och Karl XII: s död den 30 november innebar att.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Aspects of Harsh Environments, Volume 1, Chapter 10, Cold, Casualties, and Conquests
    Cold, Casualties, and Conquests: The Effects of Cold on Warfare Chapter 10 COLD, CASUALTIES, AND CONQUESTS: THE EFFECTS OF COLD ON WARFARE BRUCE C. PATON, MD, FRCP(ED)* INTRODUCTION ANCIENT HISTORY TO WORLD WAR I Xenophon and Hannibal Charles XII of Sweden General George Washington and Valley Forge Napoleon in Russia Crimean War Wars of the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries WORLD WAR I Trench Warfare Definition and Treatment of Trench Foot COLD INJURY RESEARCH TO 1939 Investigations During World War I Between the Wars: 1918–1939 WORLD WAR II The Russo–Finnish War German Invasion of Russia: Operation Barbarossa US Army: 10th Mountain Division COLD INJURY RESEARCH DURING WORLD WAR II German and Japanese Research US Army: Management of Cold Injuries US Army: Cold Injuries in Europe, 1944–1945 KOREAN WAR: 1950–1953 FALKLAND WAR: 1982 TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT Rapid Rewarming in the Field Warm Water Immersion Foot Syndromes LESSONS FROM THE PAST, IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE *Clinical Professor of Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80262 313 Medical Aspects of Harsh Environments, Volume 1 INTRODUCTION On a bitter, cold night during the Korean War, a US The lessons learned have been both military and Marine sentry, huddling in a ditch alongside a road medical. As casualties have decimated armies, doc- near the Chosin Reservoir, peered nervously into the tors have been stimulated to seek a better under- darkness. In the stillness he heard a rhythmical “click- standing of the pathology of cold injuries, and this clack, click-clack,” slowly becoming louder and knowledge has been translated into better manage- louder.
    [Show full text]
  • Welcome to Clarion Hotel & Congress Trondheim
    welcome to clarion hotel & congress trondheim A Cosmopolitan STAR OF 1000 - YEAR Trøndersk DNA! As Norway’s earlier capital city, Trondheim most certainly holds a central place in Norway’s history. Amongst the city lies many cultural memories and traces from the past including Nidaros Cathedral. Trondheim is a city with a big ego which through time has nurtured a number of famous personalities both in sports and culture. Thanks to this powerful heritage, Clarion Hotel & Congress Trondheim is proud to represent the new and modern Trondheim FAcTs about CLARION HOTEL & CONGRESS TRONDHEIM - The ideal venue for everything from large conferences and events to small meetings and events. - Located on the harbor in Trondheim - Right next to Pirbadet (the largest indoor waterpark) and Rockheim (Norway’s national center for pop and rock). - The airport express bus stops right outside the hotel and departs every 20 minute from 10.30 except saturday and sunday. - A building in energy class A, innovative architecture and design - 400 rooms og suites - 18 meetingrooms ( total of 3053 m2) - Largest meeting room: 1400 m2 (1800 in “cinema”, 2500 concert) - Two restaurants + Banquet: Astrum Skybar in the top floor and Living Room on 1st floor - Skybar with 190 m2 roof terrace - Event Facilities central Trondheim - 300 parking spaces TRONDHEIMs living room Food, drinks, music and people creates a vibrant meeting place in Clarion Living Room. LIVING ROOM With local suppliers and a trøndersk “touch” you can enjoy snacks, light meals or something in the glass in a relaxed atmosphere. The hotels living room area is marked by music and exhibitions.
    [Show full text]
  • Trondheim Cruise Port Events: Trondheim Jazz Festival (June) , St
    TrONDHeiM CruiSe POrT Events: Trondheim Jazz Festival (June) www.jazzfest.no , St. Olavs Festival (July/August) www.olavsfestdagene.no, Trondheim Food Festival (August) www.tronderskmatfestival.no. Cruise season: May – September. Tourist Information: www.visit-trondheim.com | www.visitnorway.com | Page 52 | Page | www.visitnorway.com Trondheim Photo: Johan Berge/Innovation Norway Nidaros Cathedral Photo: Terje Rakke, Nordic Life Guided tour of the city Guided city walk World Heritage Site Røros Daily at 12.00 from 30.05 – 28.08. Daily at 14.00 from 27.06 – 21.08. Distance from Trondheim Harbour: 160 km Languages: Norwegian, english and German Languages; Norwegian and english. The town of Røros is one of the oldest towns of Duration: 2 hours, start from the market square. Duration: 1.5 - 2 hours wooden buildings in Europe, and also one of the few Capacity; 50 persons. Start from Tourist information Office. mining towns in the world that has been found worthy Tickets are sold at the Tourist information Office. Tickets are sold at the Tourist information Office. a place at UNESCO’S World Heritage List. A tour of Trondheim and its outskirts. We visit Join us for a walk through the streets of Trondheim, The town centre boasts a rare collection of large and Haltdalen Stave Church at the Folk Museum, and sense the city’s history that stretches from the well preserved wooden buildings, made all the more pass the Norwegian University of Science and Middle Ages to our own high-tech society! real and authentic by the fact that the people of today Technology, Kristiansten Fort, the Royal Residence live and work in them.
    [Show full text]