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A History of the Baltimore Stage in the Eighteenth Century. Robert David Ritchey Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College

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A History of the Baltimore Stage in the Eighteenth Century. Robert David Ritchey Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1971 A History of the Baltimore Stage in the Eighteenth Century. Robert David Ritchey Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Ritchey, Robert David, "A History of the Baltimore Stage in the Eighteenth Century." (1971). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 2084. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/2084 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 72-3520 RITCHEY, Robert David, 1940- A HISTORY OF THE BALTIMORE . STAGE IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1971 Theater University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED A History of the Baltimore Stage in the Eighteenth Century A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faoulty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Department of Speech Robert David Ritchey B. A., Georgetown College, 1962 . A., Louisiana State University, 1964 August, 1971 EXAMINATION AND THESIS REPORT Candidate: Robert David Ritchey Major Field: Speeoh Title of Thesis: A HiBtory of the Baltimore Stage in the Eighteenth Century Approved: Major Professor and Chairanan Dean of the Graduate School EXAMINING COMMITTEE: Date of Examination: The playbill for the first recorded performance by an acting company in Baltimore. Courtesy of the New-York Historical Sooioty. •'At the N E W V H ;E A T „ „ [be prefcnttd, i*t n * t %i M V % Iby rfo . HENE.Y. ffbft S P I R I T ^ % ' Mr. B T E R L E T. BeeooB 8 *P I R I T» by Mr. MORRIS. _ Third 8 P I A I t , By Mr. W O Q L S. Elder B R d t H E R, by Mr. PARK E R. Second BROTHER, by Mr. GOODMAN. 1 BACCHANALS. >B A 0 C H AN T & Mr. WOOLS. ‘MIA. SfO RER. MnD O U G L A S S> Mr.. MORRIS. Mfc* WALL. Mrs HARM A N .. Mr. ) 0 HH 3 0 W. ..................... Mift RICHARD SO 1* Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. W A L L. E U P H R O S I N % hV MBs S T O R E / ? . The L A D Y . by Mrs. H E N R Y. W*: . The •S O N G cif Stoert EctBo, The Pbjlorel Nj/mfb, tod Sabrina, By Mifi H A L LAM.' •**The ORCHESTRA to be condufitd by Mr. H A L L A M* T o ittti'qti ymA. it Asoko, A FARCE CALL D HIGH LIFE BELOW S T A 1 R S, L O V fe L, by M* H A L L A M. FREEMAN. by Mr. PARKER. Lord DUKE's fervant, by Mr W a l l . Sir HARRY'i fervent, by Mr. H E N R Y. P H I L I JP. \ by Me MORRIS. fed COACHMAN. Mt. W O O L S : Mr B Y E R L E Ys KINGSTON. \ T O M> by Mr. ) O l H N SON. Lsdy BAH s ferVanh Mife STO K ER, Lady CHAALOTTE'i ferVant,/ by by Mift RICHARDSON. cool, by Mrs HARMAN. 3ai C L O fe. Mr. ROBERTS. by i, K I T T V, & Mrs H E N R Y. A MOCK MINUET. &c. &c. &e. a The DOORS will be opened at 6 and the Play begin cxaftly at 7 o’Clook. >or ’ • 0e TICKETS (without which no Perfons can be admitted) to be had at the iCtj New Printino OrricE, in Gay-ftreet, next Door but one to the Coffee-houfe, and now likewife at the B a r of the C om e House. > Ronnl< 1 “ f «riacdJ BOXES, Seven SbiHity ahl Sik-feace. P I T, five Sbillingt. of FaaS : mifc A playbill for a performance by the Maryland Company of Comedians in Baltimore. Courtesy of the New-York Historical Society. By Pemifliw* •> OK Account of particular Scenery that cannot be finUhed da Friday, At Wjr oJ MAHOMET ii obliged to be deftkr'd, add in It* Stead, oq TUESDAY, the tyth of September, 178a, .The BALTIMORE THEATRE, will be open’d, with a COMQSDY, tilled tb* DRUMMER; to R T ft B H a u to t te d JHt fa ti s Sir G ttr[t trwm ci, Mir. T I L Y A R D • TaffiS, Mr. W A L L * F a u tm , Mr. S M I T If 1 Vrifca*, Mr. S ft A k E S P R A R1 ^ B u b r, Mr. Lb W lSt ''Ctt t bmrar, Mr. A T H k R k O N» -V Gtrdmtr, iir. LINDS A Tt . lad trw n, Mr*. L T N E; Ifaeingber firfi ApprtnaB on any S cq i.) 'J fy iV , Bln. PARSONS. T o vhkA VrtB W , £ A R fc E . called the A t t I C E. 'b id , ITKEET) jpailETfcJH -A.K E S PE A R1 I A* " * ’ ’OU cbftlt, MT. TVyard t iPaoAnat Meffit. Atherton, Patterion,(fc; M m k r t • / /fa S^m iitg 'Cbit, Meka. Smith, Liodfiy, Brown, lie . Sitms. Mr. WALL. C bsriM t, Mr*. ROBINSON. The Doora to be opened at half paftFire, and to begin at half pall Six o'clock; Boxca One Dollar 1 Pit Fi*e Shilliogi. Ticketi to be hid at Mr. Jamea Young’*, at Llndfay’a Coffee-Hottfe, Fell’i-Pbinf: and at the 1 dice adjoining to the Theatre > where Stage aod Side Boxea may be engaged from 10 to i t o'Clock in the Forenoon. Children in Lapa will not be admkted, BALTIMORE; Printed.by M. igjfa. o iJ i (irc{& 1 9 r&G*L'Sbs - G>A *■ ^ 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENT I should like to thank all who helped me with this work. The many librarians who took an interest in this study represent the libraries at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, the Maryland Historical Society in Baltimore, the Enoch Pratt Free Library in Baltimore, the Peabody Institute Library in Baltimore, and the New-York Historical Society in New York. I appreciate the goodwill of many friends on the faculty at Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Dr. Waldo W. Braden, Dr. Jack Pennybacker, Dr. Fabian Gudas, Dr. John Wildman, Dr. Mary Francis HopKins, and especially Dr. Claude Shaver. Without the advice and encouragement of my advisor, Dr. Gresdna Doty, the study would never have been oompleted. I am especially grateful to my wife, Anne, for her patience and constant support in this long and arduous effort. And, my special thanks to my friend Burt, whose devotion never wavered. vi CONTENTS The Oldest Known Baltimore Playbill .................... Frontispiece New-York Historical Society A Playbill from the 1782 Theater Season in Baltimore . iv New-York Historical Society ACKNOWLEDGMENTS................. vi CONTENTS ........................................................ vii ABSTRACT ...................................................... ix INTRODUCTION .................................................. 1 PART I: THEATRICAL HISTORY Chapter I The Beginnings, 1772— 1 7 8 3 ................................ 4 The American Company, 1772 3 The Maryland Company of Comedians, 1781-1784 7 Leotures by Lewis Hallam, Jr., 1 7 8 4 ................. • • 2 6 The Maryland Company of Comedians, 1783 ................ 27 II A Period of Growth, 1786-1790............................ 29 The Old American Company, 1786-1788 .................... 29 The French Company of Comedians, 1790 .......... 36 The Old American Company, 1789-1790 .................... 38 III A Period of Theatrical Divergence, 1791-1793 40 Local Performers, 1 7 9 1 ................................ 40 Alexander Plaoide's Company, 1791-1792 . .......... 41 William Godwin and A Theatrical Bouquet............... 41 The Maryland Company, 1793 42 Mrs. Solomon's Benefit, 1793 48 IV A Period of Theatrical Excellence, 1794-1799 ............ 50 The Philadelphia Company, 1794-1796................. 50 The Comedians of the Rrench Theatre, 1 7 9 6 .............. 59 The Philadelphia Company, 1796-1797 ................. 60 Rioketts* Circus, 1797 66 The Philadelphia Company, Spring, 1798 67 Lailson's Equestrian Circus, 1798 .......... 69 The Philadelphia Company, Fall, 1798-1799 .............. 70 Rioketts1 Circus, 1799 78 CONCLUSION...................................................... 79 vii PART II: Day Book, 1772-1800 Introduction to the Day Bo o k ........................................83 Abbreviations ......... ......................................... 84 Day Book, 1772-1800................................................. 85 Play I n d e x ....................................................... 311 Player I n d e x .......... ..........................................333 Playwright I n d e x ................ ............................... 342 APPENDIX ..........................................................350 "Rules to be observed regarding Benefit"................... 350 "Rules to be observed in the Theatre" ........ ..... 351 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................... 354 VITA ..............................................................361 viii ABSTRACT The hiatory of the Baltimore stage in the eighteenth century may be partially uncovered in old newspapers and in rare theater playbills which provide a basis for understanding the playhouses, the actors, the managers, and their activities. Under the supervision of various mana­ gers, Baltimore's eighteenth-century theaters changed from makeshift housing to permanent theater buildings by the end of the century. In 1772, the American Company presented Baltimore's first recorded theatri­ cal performances in a stable oonverted into a temporary playhouse. After the Amerioan Revolution, the first company to entertain in Balti­ more, Thomas Wall's Maryland Company of Comedians, acted first in a sail warehouse and later in a coffee house. But success in the temporary theaters encouraged Wall to construct, in 1782, the first building in Baltimore designed as a theater. After its construction, another, built by Hallam and Henry, followed in 1786, and in 1794* Thomas Wignell erected the Holliday Street Theatre on a plot of land on which theaters stood until 19^7 • Performers of every variety trod the stage in these early Baltimore theaters.
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