Open Data As Open Educational Resources: Towards Transversal Skills and Global Citizenship
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University: Sharing Scholarship to Improve Research and Education
PERSPECTIVE Imagining the ªopenº university: Sharing scholarship to improve research and education Erin C. McKiernan* Departamento de FõÂsica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional AutoÂnoma de MeÂxico, Mexico City, Mexico a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 Open scholarship, such as the sharing of articles, code, data, and educational resources, has the potential to improve university research and education as well as increase the impact universities can have beyond their own walls. To support this perspective, I present OPEN ACCESS evidence from case studies, published literature, and personal experiences as a practicing open scholar. I describe some of the challenges inherent to practicing open scholarship and Citation: McKiernan EC (2017) Imagining the ªopenº university: Sharing scholarship to improve some of the tensions created by incompatibilities between institutional policies and personal research and education. PLoS Biol 15(10): practice. To address this, I propose several concrete actions universities could take to sup- e1002614. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. port open scholarship and outline ways in which such initiatives could benefit the public as pbio.1002614 well as institutions. Importantly, I do not think most of these actions would require new fund- Published: October 24, 2017 ing but rather a redistribution of existing funds and a rewriting of internal policies to better Copyright: © 2017 Erin C. McKiernan. This is an align with university missions of knowledge dissemination and societal impact. open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
Three Essays on Open Government Data and Data Analytics
THREE ESSAYS ON OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA AND DATA ANALYTICS by ZAMIL S. ALZAMIL A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School - Newark Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Management Written under the direction of Professor Miklos A. Vasarhelyi and approved by ______________________ Dr. Miklos A. Vasarhelyi (Chair) ______________________ Dr. Yaw M. Mensah ______________________ Dr. Kevin Moffitt ______________________ Dr. Deniz Appelbaum ______________________ Newark, New Jersey May, 2019 © 2019 Zamil S. Alzamil ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Three Essays on Open Government Data and Data Analytics By Zamil S. Alzamil Dissertation Chairman: Professor Miklos A. Vasarhelyi Over the past few years, we have seen a significant grown in interest for open data, specifically open government data (OGD). This led to the availability of a large number of public sectors’ datasets made available to the citizens or any other interested stakeholder. Thanks to the pressure being placed on all types of government organizations in order to release their raw data. The main motivations for publicizing access to raw materials and make it more transparent are that it can help provide higher returns from the public utilization of such data, can provide policymakers with supportive data that can assess the process of making better decisions, can generate wealth through the development and creation of new and innovative products and services or enhance the current ones, and can involve the citizens to monitor and analyze publicly available datasets to help them evaluate and assess the performance of their governments. -
Open Data for Smart City and Urban Development
Open Data for Smart City and Urban Development Cases of Open Data Production and Use in the Global South Open Data for Smart City and Urban Development Cases of Open Data Production and Use in the Global South Contents Introduction . 4 Smart Cities, Civic Technology, and Urban Development . 5 Methods . 6 Cases . 7 Africa . 7 Asia . 12 South America . 15 Observations and Discussion . 18 OpenStreetMap and volunteerism . 18 OPEN DATA FOR SMART CITY AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Infomediary roles and international connections . 19 Cities as hubs for open data . 21 Networking recommendations . 22 Appendix I . 23 Method . 23 Survey . 24 Appendix II . 26 Appendix III | References . 27 3 by All Bong OPEN DATA FOR SMART CITY AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Introduction Increasing use of open data worldwide facilitates a variety of activities that include government transparency, citizen-government engagement and en- hanced delivery of public services . Open data has proven useful even in the global South where progress can often be inhibited by socioeconomic factors . In such places, open data enables governments, international non-govern- mental organizations (NGOs), and local public and private leaders to innovate and create. This suggests that the global South offers a plethora of experiences for all open data practitioners to draw upon . Events such as the International Open Data Conference (IODC) and organisations such as the Open Data for De- velopment network (OD4D) provide a home for open data practitioners from the global South . Such forums provide opportunities for networking among peers (rather than across a North-South divide) and showcasing of the work being done (as well as continuing needs) in countries such as South Africa, Ne- pal, and Sierra Leone . -
Open Source Hardware (OSHW) for Open Science in the Global South: Geek Diplomacy?
7 Open source hardware (OSHW) for open science in the global south: geek diplomacy? Denisa Kera INTRODUCTION The Do-It-Youself biology (DIYbio) movement originated in the U.S. in approximately 2009 around student iGEM synthetic biology competitions (durrett; field 2011; kuznetsov et al. 2012) as well as parallel open biology efforts in Europe and Asia with their connections to bioart and critical science practices in the late 1990s (bureaud; malina; whiteley, 2014). This movement merged in recent years with other movements coming from professional scientists advocating eScience, Open Science, Open Access and Open Data (neylon; wu, 2009; molloy, 2011; uhlir; schröder, 2007). The calls for changing the publishing model and opening the datasets while supporting online collaboration and crowdsourcing are starting to merge with attempts to reduce the cost of experimental research and increase reproducibility by building low cost customizable laboratory equipment (pearce, 2014; landrain et al. 2013). This convergence of hackerspace and makerspace OSHW interests with open science goals (open data, open access, online collaboration) created some unique opportunities to involve 134 Denisa Kera citizen scientists, but also scientists from the developing countries in alternative global research networks (kera, 2012A; kera, 2013). In this paper we want to reflect upon the critical role of open hardware in forming these unique South to South and South to North networks and research cooperation. We will analyse the issue as a form of “geek diplomacy” over open science. Geek diplomacy is a citizen, grassroots involvement in science which bridges various knowledge and infrastructural divides to create a more inclusive R&D response to challenging international political, social and scientific issues. -
Do You Speak Open Science? Resources and Tips to Learn the Language
Do You Speak Open Science? Resources and Tips to Learn the Language. Paola Masuzzo1, 2 - ORCID: 0000-0003-3699-1195, Lennart Martens1,2 - ORCID: 0000- 0003-4277-658X Author Affiliation 1 Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium 2 Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Abstract The internet era, large-scale computing and storage resources, mobile devices, social media, and their high uptake among different groups of people, have all deeply changed the way knowledge is created, communicated, and further deployed. These advances have enabled a radical transformation of the practice of science, which is now more open, more global and collaborative, and closer to society than ever. Open science has therefore become an increasingly important topic. Moreover, as open science is actively pursued by several high-profile funders and institutions, it has fast become a crucial matter to all researchers. However, because this widespread interest in open science has emerged relatively recently, its definition and implementation are constantly shifting and evolving, sometimes leaving researchers in doubt about how to adopt open science, and which are the best practices to follow. This article therefore aims to be a field guide for scientists who want to perform science in the open, offering resources and tips to make open science happen in the four key areas of data, code, publications and peer-review. The Rationale for Open Science: Standing on the Shoulders of Giants One of the most widely used definitions of open science originates from Michael Nielsen [1]: “Open science is the idea that scientific knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared as early as is practical in the discovery process”. -
Open Educational Resources: Policy, Costs and Transformation
C O L AND DISTANCE LEARNING AND DISTANCE PERSPECTIVES ON OPEN C O L PERSPECTIVES ON OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING Open Educational Resources: Policy, Costs and Transformation Open Educational Resources (OER) — teaching, learning and research materials that their owners make free for others to use, revise and share — offer a powerful means of expanding the reach and effectiveness of worldwide education. Costs and Transformation Policy, Open Educational Resources: The Commonwealth of Learning (COL) and UNESCO co-organised the World OER Congress in 2012 in Paris. That Congress resulted in the OER Paris Declaration: a statement that urged governments around the world to release, as OER, all teaching, learning and research materials developed with public funds. Open Educational This book, drawing on 15 case studies contributed by 29 OER researchers and policy-makers from 15 countries across six continents, examines the implementation of the pivotal declaration through the thematic lenses of policy, costs and transformation. Resources: The case studies provide a detailed picture of OER policies and initiatives as they are unfolding in different country contexts and adopting a range of approaches, from bottom-up to top-down. The book illuminates the impacts of OER on the costs of producing, distributing and providing access Policy, Costs and to learning materials, and shows the way that OER can transform the teaching and learning methodology mindset. Recommendations on key actions to be taken by policy-makers, practitioners, OER developers Transformation and users are also outlined, particularly within the context of Education 2030. Clearly, progress is being made, although more work must be done if the international community is to realise the full potential of OER. -
D2.1 Initial Report on Community Needs
Ref. Ares(2019)6781122 - 01/11/2019 D2.1 Initial Report on Community Needs 31 October 2019 Grant Agreement number: 823914 Project acronym: ARIADNEplus Project title: AdvanceD Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Dataset Networking in Europe - plus FunDing Scheme: H2020-INFRAIA-2018-1 Project co-ordinator: Prof. Franco Niccolucci, PIN Scrl - Polo Universitario "Città di Prato" Tel: +39 0574 602578 E-mail: [email protected] Project website aDDress: www.ariaDne-infrastructure.eu ARIADNEplus is a project funDed by the European Commission unDer the HoriZon 2020 Programme, contract no. H2020-INFRAIA-2018-1-823914. The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. About this document This document is a contractual deliverable of the ARIADNE - Advanced Research Infrastructure for Archaeological Dataset Networking in Europe – Plus project. The report presents the Initial Report on Community Needs (D2.1) that has been produced under WP2 “Extending and Supporting the ARIADNE Community”. The research leading to these results has received funDing from the European Community’s HoriZon 2020 Programme (H2020-INFRAIA-2018-1) under grant agreement n° 823914. But the content of this Document cannot be considereD to reflect the views of the European Commission. Partner in charge of the Deliverable: Salzburg Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH (SRFG) Authors: Guntram Geser (SRFG) Contributing partners: Julian Richards (UoY-ADS) contributed to the elaboration of parts of the survey questionnaire. AnDres Dobat (AU), Attila Kreiter (HNM), Daniel Löwenborg (Univ. Uppsala) anD Benjamin Štular (ZRC-SAZU) tested anD provided suggestions on the survey questionnaire. -
In Europe Big Open
Big & open in Europe A growth engine or a missed opportunity? Big and open data in Europe A growth engine or a missed opportunity? Sonia Buchholtz, Maciej Bukowski, Aleksander Śniegocki the Warsaw Institute for Economic Studies (WISE Institute) A report commissioned by demosEUROPA – Centre for European Strategy Foundation within the “Innovation and entrepreneurship” programme. Macroeconomic modelling and publication sponsored by Microsoft. Table of contents Abstract 2 Big data – will it unleash the full potential of computers? Introduction 1 Technological revolutions and general purpose Executive technologies Summary 3 Appendix A: Open data – Big and Open Data old resources Universal Impact but a new promise? Assessment model (BOUDICA) Summary & recommendations 4 Modelling the economic potential of big and open data in Literature Europe up to 2020 4 ↔ 5 Abstr act In this paper we discuss the economic potential of the current phase of the ICT revolution in Europe. We argue that a logical consequence of the exponential improvements in the computational power of inte- grated circuits and data storage capacities observed since the late 1960s, fi nds logical prolongation in the form of Big and Open data revolution. We support the view that ICT together with Big and Open data solutions reveal many features of General Purpose Technologies, and as such, have strong infl uence on the entire world economic system. We focus our quantitative analysis on Europe and with the help of a dedicated, bottom-up, macroeconomic model, which we call BOUDICA, we are able to estimate the economic potential of Big and Open data in all 28 EU member states. -
Impact of Opencourseware Publication on Higher Education Participation and Student Recruitment
Impact of OpenCourseWare Publication on Higher Education Participation and Student Recruitment Stephen Carson1, Sukon Kanchanaraksa2 (not shown), Ira Gooding2, Fred Mulder3, and Robert Schuwer3 1Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US 2Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, US 3Open Universiteit, The Netherlands Abstract The free and open publication of course materials (OpenCourseWare or OCW) was initially undertaken by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and other universities primar- ily to share educational resources among educators (Abelson, 2007). OCW, however, and more in general open educational resources (OER),1 have also provided well-documented opportunities for all learners, including the so-called “informal learners” and “independent learners” (Carson, 2005; Mulder, 2006, p. 35). Universities have also increasingly docu- mented clear benefits for specific target groups such as secondary education students and lifelong learners seeking to enter formal postsecondary education programs. In addition to benefitting learners, OCW publication has benefitted the publishing institu- tions themselves by providing recruiting advantages. Finally enrollment figures from some institutions indicate that even in the case of the free and open publication of materials from online programs, OCW does not negatively affect enrollment. This paper reviews evaluation conducted at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (JHSPH), and Open Universiteit Nederland (OUNL) concerning OCW effects on higher education participation and student recruitment. Keywords: Distance education; open learning; open universities; distance universities; higher education; e-learning; online learning 1 In this paper we will use one reference term only (OCW), just for convenience and being fully aware of the definition differences between OCW and OER. Only in the case of possible misun- derstanding we refer specifically to OER. -
From Rules in Use to Culture in Use – Commoning and Infrastructuring Practices in an Open Cultural Movement
From Rules in Use to Culture in Use – Commoning and Infrastructuring Practices in an Open Cultural Movement Sanna Marttila Aalto University, Finland [email protected] Abstract: This paper explores how design and commoning practices can contribute to sustaining open cultural commons and guarding against enclosure. Based on a long- term engagement with a cultural movement, the author examines how design activities can strengthen interaction and participation in commons-like Frameworks, and describes commoning and instrastructuring practices that can support commons culture. By critically reFlecting on the development oF a local Finnish chapter oF the OpenGLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums) movement, the paper contributes to the ongoing discussion oF design as inFrastructuring in complex and open-ended socio-technical settings. Keywords: Commons, Commoning, Culture, Infrastructuring 1. Introduction Digitalization has afFected nearly all aspects oF our society, albeit in diFFerent ways. For cultural and memory institutions, it has created enormous potential to expand public access to their (digital) holdings and establish and renew collaborative relationships with visitors. Along with the digitizing oF cultural heritage, new digital tools are also creating novel ways For people to access, appropriate and reinvent culture. Despite these developments, cultural and memory institutions are not providing as much access as they could to their digitized collections (Bellini, et al. 2014), nor are they creating good conditions -
DIY CRISPR Christi J
NORTH CAROLINA LAW REVIEW Volume 97 Number 5 Legal, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Article 17 New Gene-Editing Technologies 6-1-2019 DIY CRISPR Christi J. Guerrini G. Evan Spencer Patricia J. Zettler Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/nclr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Christi J. Guerrini, G. E. Spencer & Patricia J. Zettler, DIY CRISPR, 97 N.C. L. Rev. 1399 (2019). Available at: https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/nclr/vol97/iss5/17 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Carolina Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in North Carolina Law Review by an authorized editor of Carolina Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 97 N.C. L. REV. 1399 (2019) DIY CRISPR* CHRISTI J. GUERRINI, G. EVAN SPENCER & PATRICIA J. ZETTLER** Although scientists have been manipulating genomes since the 1970s, the recent discovery of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (“CRISPR”) has expanded the possibilities not only for what gene editing might accomplish but also who might accomplish it. Because CRISPR is relatively easy, efficient, and inexpensive, it is accessible to individuals— known as “citizen scientists”—who work in nontraditional laboratory settings and may not have formal scientific training. Prompted by concerns about human applications of CRISPR, the United States is cohosting a series of international summits on human gene editing, while organizations around the world race to issue their own reports and recommendations. For the most part, however, these efforts have focused on the use of CRISPR by professional scientists working in institutional settings who are already subject to layers of formal and informal oversight. -
ERC Document on Open Research Data and Data Management Plans
Open Research Data and Data Management Plans Information for ERC grantees by the ERC Scientific Council Version 4.0 11 August 2021 This document is regularly updated in order to take into account new developments in this rapidly evolving field. Comments, corrections and suggestions should be sent to the Secretariat of the ERC Scientific Council Working Group on Open Science via the address [email protected]. The table below summarizes the main changes that this document has undergone. HISTORY OF CHANGES Version Publication Main changes Page (in the date relevant version) 1.0 23.02.2018 Initial version 2.0 24.04.2018 Part ‘Open research data and data deposition in the 15-17 Physical Sciences and Engineering domain’ added Minor editorial changes; faulty link corrected 6, 10 Contact address added 2 3.0 23.04.2019 Name of WG updated 2 Added text to the section on ‘Data deposition’ 5 Reference to FAIRsharing moved to the general part 7 from the Life Sciences part and extended Added example of the Austrian Science Fund in the 8 section on ‘Policies of other funding organisations’; updated links related to the German Research Foundation and the Arts and Humanities Research Council; added reference to the Science Europe guide Small changes to the text on ‘Image data’ 9 Added reference to the Ocean Biogeographic 10 Information (OBIS) Reformulation of the text related to Biostudies 11 New text in the section on ‘Metadata’ in the Life 11 Sciences part Added reference to openICPSR 13 Added references to ioChem-BD and ChemSpider