DOCSLIB.ORG

Lipkin, Sanna; Ruhl, Erika; Vajanto, Krista; Tranberg, Annemari; Suomela, Jenni Textiles

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lipkin, Sanna; Ruhl, Erika; Vajanto, Krista; Tranberg, Annemari; Suomela, Jenni Textiles This is an electronic reprint of the original article. This reprint may differ from the original in pagination and typographic detail. Lipkin, Sanna; Ruhl, Erika; Vajanto, Krista; Tranberg, Annemari; Suomela, Jenni Textiles Published in: HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY DOI: 10.1007/s41636-020-00270-4 Published: 30/11/2020 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published under the following license: CC BY Please cite the original version: Lipkin, S., Ruhl, E., Vajanto, K., Tranberg, A., & Suomela, J. (2020). Textiles: Decay and Preservation in Seventeenth- to Nineteenth-Century Burials in Finland. HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41636-020-00270-4 This material is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, and duplication or sale of all or part of any of the repository collections is not permitted, except that material may be duplicated by you for your research use or educational purposes in electronic or print form. You must obtain permission for any other use. Electronic or print copies may not be offered, whether for sale or otherwise to anyone who is not an authorised user. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Hist Arch https://doi.org/10.1007/s41636-020-00270-4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Textiles: Decay and Preservation in Seventeenth- to Nineteenth-Century Burials in Finland Sanna Lipkin & Erika Ruhl & Krista Vajanto & Annemari Tranberg & Jenni Suomela Accepted: 10 July 2019 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract The taphonomy of human remains and los restos humanos, los insectos, los roedores y la associated funerary textiles are inevitably linked. conservación se explora mediante el estudio de un The interplay among burial clothes, human re- grupo de entierros posmedievales en Finlandia. Estos mains, insects, rodents, and preservation is ex- entierros han sido excavados arqueológicamente o plored through study of a group of postmedieval inventariados debajo de los pisos de madera de las burials in Finland. These burials have been either iglesias. Se estudian los factores de descomposición archaeologically excavated or inventoried beneath y conservación para diversas condiciones, lo que wooden church floors. Decay and preserving fac- permite un estudio en profundidad de las prendas tors for various conditions are studied, allowing individuales y la identificación de la temporada de in-depth study of individual garments and identifi- entierro. Además, la investigación ha revelado cation of the burial season. In addition, research diferentes factores que tienen un efecto en la has revealed different factors that have an effect conservación futura de los entierros debajo de los on future preservation of the burials under church pisos de las iglesias. floors. Résumé La taphonomie des restes humains et les Extracto La tafonomía de los restos humanos y los textiles funéraires associés sont inévitablement liés. tejidos funerarios asociados están inevitablemente L'interaction entre les vêtements du mort, les restes vinculados. La interacción entre la ropa funeraria, humains, les insectes, les rongeurs et la préservation est explorée dans le cadre de l'étude d'un groupe de tombes post-médiévales en Finlande. Ces tombes S. Lipkin (*) : A. Tranberg Department of Archaeology, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran ontfaitl'objetd’un inventaire ou de fouilles katu 1, Linnanmaa, PL 8000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland archéologiques sous les parquets de bois des églises. e-mail: [email protected] La décomposition et les facteurs de préservation pour différentes conditions sont étudiés, permettant E. Ruhl SUNY at Buffalo, 380 Fillmore Academic Center, Ellicott une étude approfondie des vêtements individuels et Complex, Buffalo, NY 14261, U.S.A. une identification de la saison de l'enterrement. De plus, la recherche a mis en évidence différents K. Vajanto facteurs ayant un effet sur la préservation future Nanomicroscopy Center, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2 (door H), FI-02150 Espoo, Finland des tombes sous les sols des églises. J. Suomela Department of Education/Craft Studies, University of Helsinki, Keywords textiles . burial clothes . preservation . PO Box 8 (Siltavuorenpenger 10), FI00014 Helsinki, Finland mummies . under-floor church burials . Finland Hist Arch Introduction Excavated Textiles Although archaeological textiles can be preserved In Finland, postmedieval funerary textiles have been in a variety of conditions, they generally remain explored under two key circumstances, those excavated rare in many archaeological contexts. As such, and those inventoried. Excavated textiles include those excavators, with little actual data, are often left unearthed during excavations conducted within the old to conjecture what may have been present. Textile churchyard of Oulu Cathedral (excavations 1996 and preservation often occurs in extreme environmental 2002), at the site of Hailuoto church, which burned in conditions. While dry, permafrost, and waterlogged 1968 (excavations 1985–1987), inside Köyliö church environments are the most suitable conditions for (excavations 2015), and textiles currently stored in the textile preservation, textile fragments can also sur- Pohjois-Pohjanmaan museo (Northern Ostrobothnia vive when in direct contact with metal objects or Museum), which records indicate were excavated in carbonized in burnt layers. This article examines 1952 from a mass grave for soldiers of the Finnish the preservation of 17th- to mid-19th-century fu- War (1808–1809) as the result of construction work. nerary textiles from cemeteries and church sites in The Koskela mass-grave textile material constitutes ca. northern and southwestern Finland. These materials 20 different fabrics (mostly wool) disintegrated into have preserved and decomposed in various circum- numerous pieces (Lipkin 2018). stances that allow for a wide-ranging examination At Oulu Cathedral a total of 266 burials have been of the survival of contemporaneous textiles. While excavated, of which 76 burials included textile remains documenting and studying funerary attire to better (Kehusmaa 1997; Sarkkinen and Kehusmaa 2002). understand the wide variety of social and cultural These are fragmentarily preserved, and the most preva- aspects of postmedieval burial rituals, we have lent materials are wool, silk, or combinations of these paid particular attention to items’ varying states with metal thread. Most of the burials studied at Oulu of preservation. We have realized that various Cathedral were never located below the church floor, factors adversely impact preservation, and that despite a shift in the building’s foundational footprint in preservation is the result of complex causal se- the 18th century. These remains do not indicate any quences that are often difficult to detect. signs of mummification, but, nevertheless, the number Recognition of the state of preservation of ar- of textiles is significant (ca. 200 textile fragments in 76 chaeological textiles is crucial in order to facilitate burials) (Kehusmaa 1997; Sarkkinen and Kehusmaa the interpretation of burial contexts and the iden- 2002). As the orientation of the church changed, parts tities of buried individuals. Finnish postmedieval of the old churchyard ended up beneath the new build- funerary textiles have preserved in a variety of ing. Approximately 130 of the churchyard burials from conditions. Many textiles found in church under- the time before the new cathedral (ca. 1600–1770s) were floor contexts are perfectly preserved on either excavated inside it in 1996. Oulu Cathedral is a 1,540- mummified or skeletonized human remains, but seat, neoclassical stone church that protected these our research has indicated that their future preser- burials from rainwater and frost for more than 200 years, vation may be endangered. Recording the tapho- although they remain subject to changes in soil mois- nomic processes within the burials is also impor- ture. However, there is no significant difference between tant in terms of garment identification and identi- the preservation of textiles from these burials and those fication of the burial season. In burials, a single burials that remained outside the church (excavated in garment is usually preserved in fragments that may 2002). represent different states of preservation and thus Oulu Cathedral is substantially larger than the prevent correct identification. In addition, analysis churches in Hailuoto, Haukipudas, Keminmaa, of the combined information from textile preserva- Kempele, and Köyliö. In these churches, burials were tion, mummification, decomposition, and insect re- placed beneath the wooden floors. In Hailuoto, a fire mains has enabled further research of burial cus- destroyed the wooden church in 1968, but it does not toms (Lipkin, Niinimäki et al., this issue) and the appear to have directly affected the burials, which had seasonal effects of funerary activities (Kallio-Seppä been covered with sand in 1756 (Paavola 1998:69); as a and Tranberg, this issue). result, nothing within the burials was carbonized or Hist Arch melted. However, it is likely that the heat of the flames does not seem to be a significant difference in the and water used to extinguish the fire impacted overall numbers of skeletonized or mummified human remains. preservation. The bones from these burials are described Slightly mummified human remains are considered to as being similar to paste and were poorly preserved. At be those that have mostly skeletonized, but have some Hailuoto, silk and wool are also the most commonly remains of dry skin
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Millichope Park and Estate Invertebrate Survey 2020
    Millichope Park and Estate Invertebrate survey 2020 (Coleoptera, Diptera and Aculeate Hymenoptera) Nigel Jones & Dr. Caroline Uff Shropshire Entomology Services CONTENTS Summary 3 Introduction ……………………………………………………….. 3 Methodology …………………………………………………….. 4 Results ………………………………………………………………. 5 Coleoptera – Beeetles 5 Method ……………………………………………………………. 6 Results ……………………………………………………………. 6 Analysis of saproxylic Coleoptera ……………………. 7 Conclusion ………………………………………………………. 8 Diptera and aculeate Hymenoptera – true flies, bees, wasps ants 8 Diptera 8 Method …………………………………………………………… 9 Results ……………………………………………………………. 9 Aculeate Hymenoptera 9 Method …………………………………………………………… 9 Results …………………………………………………………….. 9 Analysis of Diptera and aculeate Hymenoptera … 10 Conclusion Diptera and aculeate Hymenoptera .. 11 Other species ……………………………………………………. 12 Wetland fauna ………………………………………………….. 12 Table 2 Key Coleoptera species ………………………… 13 Table 3 Key Diptera species ……………………………… 18 Table 4 Key aculeate Hymenoptera species ……… 21 Bibliography and references 22 Appendix 1 Conservation designations …………….. 24 Appendix 2 ………………………………………………………… 25 2 SUMMARY During 2020, 811 invertebrate species (mainly beetles, true-flies, bees, wasps and ants) were recorded from Millichope Park and a small area of adjoining arable estate. The park’s saproxylic beetle fauna, associated with dead wood and veteran trees, can be considered as nationally important. True flies associated with decaying wood add further significant species to the site’s saproxylic fauna. There is also a strong
    [Show full text]
  • Exposing the Structure of an Arctic Food Web Helena K
    Exposing the structure of an Arctic food web Helena K. Wirta1,†, Eero J. Vesterinen2,†, Peter A. Hamback€ 3, Elisabeth Weingartner3, Claus Rasmussen4, Jeroen Reneerkens5,6, Niels M. Schmidt6, Olivier Gilg7,8 & Tomas Roslin1 1Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland 2Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20014 Turku, Finland 3Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 4Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK–8000 Aarhus, Denmark 5Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands 6Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark 7Laboratoire Biogeosciences, UMR CNRS 6282, Universite de Bourgogne, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France 8Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique, 16 rue de Vernot, 21440 Francheville, France Keywords Abstract Calidris, DNA barcoding, generalism, Greenland, Hymenoptera, molecular diet How food webs are structured has major implications for their stability and analysis, Pardosa, Plectrophenax, specialism, dynamics. While poorly studied to date, arctic food webs are commonly Xysticus. assumed to be simple in structure, with few links per species. If this is the case, then different parts of the web may be weakly connected to each other, with Correspondence populations and species united by only a low number of links. We provide the Helena K. Wirta, Department of Agricultural first highly resolved description of trophic link structure for a large part of a Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. high-arctic food web.
    [Show full text]
  • AKES Newsletter 2016
    Newsletter of the Alaska Entomological Society Volume 9, Issue 1, April 2016 In this issue: A history and update of the Kenelm W. Philip Col- lection, currently housed at the University of Alaska Museum ................... 23 Announcing the UAF Entomology Club ...... 1 The Blackberry Skeletonizer, Schreckensteinia fes- Bombus occidentalis in Alaska and the need for fu- taliella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Schreckensteini- ture study (Hymenoptera: Apidae) ........ 2 idae) in Alaska ................... 26 New findings of twisted-wing parasites (Strep- Northern spruce engraver monitoring in wind- siptera) in Alaska .................. 6 damaged forests in the Tanana River Valley of Asian gypsy moths and Alaska ........... 9 Interior Alaska ................... 28 Non-marine invertebrates of the St. Matthew Is- An overview of ongoing research: Arthropod lands, Bering Sea, Alaska ............. 11 abundance and diversity at Olive-sided Fly- Food review: Urocerus flavicornis (Fabricius) (Hy- catcher nest sites in interior Alaska ........ 29 menoptera: Siricidae) ............... 20 Glocianus punctiger (Sahlberg, 1835) (Coleoptera: The spruce aphid, a non-native species, is increas- Curculionidae) common in Soldotna ....... 32 ing in range and activity throughout coastal Review of the ninth annual meeting ........ 34 Alaska ........................ 21 Upcoming Events ................... 37 Announcing the UAF Entomology Club by Adam Haberski nights featuring classic “B-movie” horror films. Future plans include an entomophagy bake sale, summer collect- I am pleased to announce the formation of the Univer- ing trips, and sending representatives to the International sity of Alaska Fairbanks Entomology Club. The club was Congress of Entomology in Orlando Florida this Septem- conceived by students from the fall semester entomology ber. course to bring together undergraduate and graduate stu- The Entomology Club would like to collaborate with dents with an interest in entomology.
    [Show full text]
  • ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
    NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera – Brachycera
    Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e4187 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e4187 Data Paper Fauna Europaea: Diptera – Brachycera Thomas Pape‡§, Paul Beuk , Adrian Charles Pont|, Anatole I. Shatalkin¶, Andrey L. Ozerov¶, Andrzej J. Woźnica#, Bernhard Merz¤, Cezary Bystrowski«», Chris Raper , Christer Bergström˄, Christian Kehlmaier˅, David K. Clements¦, David Greathead†,ˀ, Elena Petrovna Kamenevaˁ, Emilia Nartshuk₵, Frederik T. Petersenℓ, Gisela Weber ₰, Gerhard Bächli₱, Fritz Geller-Grimm₳, Guy Van de Weyer₴, Hans-Peter Tschorsnig₣, Herman de Jong₮, Jan-Willem van Zuijlen₦, Jaromír Vaňhara₭, Jindřich Roháček₲, Joachim Ziegler‽, József Majer ₩, Karel Hůrka†,₸, Kevin Holston ‡‡, Knut Rognes§§, Lita Greve-Jensen||, Lorenzo Munari¶¶, Marc de Meyer##, Marc Pollet ¤¤, Martin C. D. Speight««, Martin John Ebejer»», Michel Martinez˄˄, Miguel Carles-Tolrá˅˅, Mihály Földvári¦¦, Milan Chvála ₸, Miroslav Bartákˀˀ, Neal L. Evenhuisˁˁ, Peter J. Chandler₵₵, Pierfilippo Cerrettiℓℓ, Rudolf Meier ₰₰, Rudolf Rozkosny₭, Sabine Prescher₰, Stephen D. Gaimari₱₱, Tadeusz Zatwarnicki₳₳, Theo Zeegers₴₴, Torsten Dikow₣₣, Valery A. Korneyevˁ, Vera Andreevna Richter†,₵, Verner Michelsen‡, Vitali N. Tanasijtshuk₵, Wayne N. Mathis₣₣, Zdravko Hubenov₮₮, Yde de Jong ₦₦,₭₭ ‡ Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark § Natural History Museum Maastricht / Diptera.info, Maastricht, Netherlands | Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, United Kingdom ¶ Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia # Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław,
    [Show full text]
  • Exposing the Structure of an Arctic Food
    University of Groningen Exposing the structure of an arctic food web Wirta, Helena K; Vesterinen, Eero J; Hambäck, Peter A.; Weingartner, Elisabeth; Rasmussen, Claus; Reneerkens, Jeroen; Schmidt, Niels M; Gilg, Olivier; Roslin, Tomas Published in: Ecology and Evolution DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1647 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2015 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Wirta, H. K., Vesterinen, E. J., Hambäck, P. A., Weingartner, E., Rasmussen, C., Reneerkens, J., ... Roslin, T. (2015). Exposing the structure of an arctic food web. Ecology and Evolution, 5(17), 3842-3856. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1647 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 12-11-2019 Exposing the structure of an Arctic food web Helena K.
    [Show full text]
  • Temperature and Humidity in the Base-Floors of Three Northern Finnish Churches Containing 17Th–19Th-Century Burials
    189—215 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica 35(2020) https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.35.12 Tiina Väre https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6558-5359 Annemari Tranberg Juho-Antti Junno https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-7703 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0481-6958 Sanna Lipkin Sirpa Niinimäki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4736-208X https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-5259 Titta Kallio-Seppä Nora Nurminen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2127-2358 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7481-0431 Lauri Väre Anniina Kuha https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7931-5766 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-6074 Temperature and Humidity in the Base-floors of Three Northern Finnish Churches Containing 17th–19th-century Burials Introduction The medieval and early modern practice of burying the dead beneath churches has been responsible for preservation of funerary attires and soft tissues in association of several burials still found in old Finnish churches (Paavola 1998; Núñez et al. 2008). Traditionally the mechanism behind the phenomenon is believed to be related to the cessation of decomposition due to a mixture of the coldness in the subarctic regions and low humidity connected to it, while efficient ventilation is considered an additional factor. Particularly remains of those who died dur- ing winter were probably exposed to suitable conditions in terms of soft tissue 189 Tiina Väre, Annemari Tranberg, Sanna Lipkin, Titta Kallio-Seppä, Lauri Väre… Fig. 1. The old stone church of Keminmaa was built in the mid-16th century. (photograph by Tiina Väre). Fig. 2. The old wooden church of Kempele dates to the last decade of the 17th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Fauna Europaea: Diptera – Brachycera Thomas Pape, Paul Beuk, Adrian Charles Pont, Anatole I
    Fauna Europaea: Diptera – Brachycera Thomas Pape, Paul Beuk, Adrian Charles Pont, Anatole I. Shatalkin, Andrey L. Ozerov, Andrzej J. Woźnica, Bernhard Merz, Cezary Bystrowski, Chris Raper, Christer Bergström, et al. To cite this version: Thomas Pape, Paul Beuk, Adrian Charles Pont, Anatole I. Shatalkin, Andrey L. Ozerov, et al.. Fauna Europaea: Diptera – Brachycera: Fauna Europaea: Diptera – Brachycera. Biodiversity Data Journal, Pensoft, 2015, 3, pp.e4187. 10.3897/BDJ.3.e4187. hal-01512243 HAL Id: hal-01512243 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01512243 Submitted on 21 Apr 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e4187 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.3.e4187 Data Paper Fauna Europaea: Diptera – Brachycera Thomas Pape‡§, Paul Beuk , Adrian Charles Pont|, Anatole I. Shatalkin¶, Andrey L. Ozerov¶, Andrzej J. Woźnica#, Bernhard Merz¤, Cezary Bystrowski«», Chris Raper , Christer Bergström˄, Christian Kehlmaier˅, David K. Clements¦, David Greathead†,ˀ, Elena Petrovna Kamenevaˁ, Emilia Nartshuk₵, Frederik T. Petersenℓ, Gisela Weber ₰, Gerhard Bächli₱, Fritz Geller-Grimm₳, Guy Van de Weyer₴, Hans-Peter Tschorsnig₣, Herman de Jong₮, Jan-Willem van Zuijlen₦, Jaromír Vaňhara₭, Jindřich Roháček₲, Joachim Ziegler‽, József Majer ₩, Karel Hůrka†,₸, Kevin Holston ‡‡, Knut Rognes§§, Lita Greve-Jensen||, Lorenzo Munari¶¶, Marc de Meyer##, Marc Pollet ¤¤, Martin C.
    [Show full text]
  • Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; Download Unter
    © Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Entomofauna ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE Band 27, Heft 13: 177-184 ISSN 0250-4413 Ansfelden, 30. April 2006 Zweiflügler aus Bayern XXIV (Diptera: Heleomyzidae, Trixoscelididae) Klaus von der Dunk Abstract Investigations of the Dipteran fauna of Bavaria cited 57 species of the family Heleo- myzidae and 2 of Trixoscelididae. Zusammenfassung Für Bayern sind derzeit nachgewiesen 57 Arten aus der Familie Heleomyzidae und 2 Arten aus der Familie Trixoscelididae. Einleitung Heleomyziden sind rot-gelb bis grau-schwarz gefärbte, 1,5 bis 12 mm große Fliegen, deren Flügel bei vielen Arten Flecken an Queradern oder Längsadermündungen aufwei- sen. Man trifft die Arten über das ganze Jahr verteilt, vornehmlich auf verrottenden pflanzlichen oder tierischen Substraten, in denen sich auch die Larven entwickeln. Einige Arten erscheinen besonders im Herbst. Sie überwintern meist als Imagines und sind dann bei Tauwetter mit auffallender Häufigkeit auf Schnee zu finden. Die folgende Artenliste beinhaltet die Daten der für Bayern nachgewiesenen Arten der Heleomyzidae und Trixoscelididae. Erfasst wurde das entsprechende Material aus fol- genden Sammlungen: Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM), hauptsächlich gesammelt von W. SCHACHT, daneben von KÜHLHORN und anderen und im wesentlichen determiniert von KÜHLHORN, SCHACHT und LINDNER. Naturmuseum Augsburg (NMA), Coll. FISCHER, fast ausschliesslich gesammelt von 177 © Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at FISCHER, einiges von RUTTMANN und determiniert von SZILADY und FISCHER. Naturkundemuseum Bamberg (NKB), Coll. SCHNEID, gesammelt von SCHNEID und determiniert von RIEDEL. Coll. VON DER DUNK (vdD), gesammelt und determiniert vom Verfasser. Der Autor hat sich bemüht möglichst viele Belege selber nachzusehen. Der Schlüssel von CZERNY in LINDNER ist leider taxonomisch und nomenklatorisch veraltet, wenn auch die ausführliche Beschreibung der Arten in Zweifelsfällen gute Dienste leistet.
    [Show full text]
  • Heleomyzid Flies of the Ojców National Park, with Notes on Suillia
    F r a g m e n t a F a u n is t ic a 52 (2): 181-190, 2009 PL ISSN 0015-9301 O M u seu m a n d I n s t i t u t e o f Z o o l o g y PAS Heleomyzid flies of the Ojców National Park, with notesSuillia on lineitergum (Pandelle, 1901) - a species new to the fauna of Poland (Diptera: Heleomyzidae) Andrzej J. WOŹNICA*1-2 and Anna Klasa** Institute o f Natural Sciences, Wroclaw University o f Environmental & Life Sciences, C. K Norwida 25/27, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; ^Institute o f Biology, Wroclaw University o f Environmental & Life Sciences, Koiuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] **OjcówNational Park, Ojców, 32-047 Ojców, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. There is a faunistic review of 28 species of Heleomyzidae reported in the Ojców National Park (S. Poland). Most heleomyzids were collected at carrion of a fox and in caves, hi the Ojców National Park 35% of Polish heleomyzids occur includingSuilla lineitergum (Pandelle, 1901) recorded for the first time in Poland. Keywords:Suillia lineitergum, faunistics, Heleomyzidae, carrion, caves, Ojców National Park, Poland Introduction The Heleomyzidae are medium-sized flies (from 3 to 12 mm), often with grayish-brown to black or orange to yellowish-brown body colour (mostSuillia species). Adults occur mainly in forested areas (mostly Suillia species), while representatives of other genera are associated with bird nests, mammal burrows, or caves and can also be found in humid areas in association with the range of larval habitats.
    [Show full text]
  • Temperature and Humidity in the Base-Floors of Three Northern Finnish Churches Containing 17Th–19Th-Century Burials
    189—215 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica 35(2020) https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.35.12 Tiina Väre https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6558-5359 Annemari Tranberg Juho-Antti Junno https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-7703 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0481-6958 Sanna Lipkin Sirpa Niinimäki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4736-208X https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-5259 Titta Kallio-Seppä Nora Nurminen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2127-2358 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7481-0431 Lauri Väre Anniina Kuha https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7931-5766 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5898-6074 Temperature and Humidity in the Base-floors of Three Northern Finnish Churches Containing 17th–19th-century Burials Introduction The medieval and early modern practice of burying the dead beneath churches has been responsible for preservation of funerary attires and soft tissues in association of several burials still found in old Finnish churches (Paavola 1998; Núñez et al. 2008). Traditionally the mechanism behind the phenomenon is believed to be related to the cessation of decomposition due to a mixture of the coldness in the subarctic regions and low humidity connected to it, while efficient ventilation is considered an additional factor. Particularly remains of those who died dur- ing winter were probably exposed to suitable conditions in terms of soft tissue 189 Tiina Väre, Annemari Tranberg, Sanna Lipkin, Titta Kallio-Seppä, Lauri Väre… Fig. 1. The old stone church of Keminmaa was built in the mid-16th century. (photograph by Tiina Väre). Fig. 2. The old wooden church of Kempele dates to the last decade of the 17th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Etude Des Interactions Entre L'entomofaune Et Un Cadavre
    COMMUNAUTE FRANCAISE DE BELGIQUE ACADEMIE UNIVERSITAIRE WALLONIE-EUROPE UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE – GEMBLOUX AGRO-BIO TECH Etude des interactions entre l’entomofaune et un cadavre: approches biologique, comportementale et chémo-écologique du coléoptère nécrophage, Thanatophilus sinuatus Fabricius (Col., Silphidae) Jessica DEKEIRSSCHIETER Essai présenté en vue de l’obtention du grade de docteur en sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique Promoteurs: Prof. Eric Haubruge Prof. Georges Lognay 2012 -2- -3- Copyright. Aux termes de la loi belge du 30 juin 1994, sur le droit d'auteur et les droits voisins, seul l'auteur a le droit de reproduire partiellement ou complètement cet ouvrage de quelque façon et forme que ce soit ou d'en autoriser la reproduction partielle ou complète de quelque manière et sous quelque forme que ce soit. Toute photocopie ou reproduction sous autre forme est donc faite en violation de la dite loi et de des modifications ultérieures -4- Dekeirsschieter Jessica (2012). Etude des interactions entre l’entomofaune et un cadavre: approches biologique, comportementale et chémo-écologique du coléoptère nécrophage, Thanatophilus sinuatus Fabricius (Col., Silphidae) (thèse de doctorat). Gembloux, Belgique, Université de Liege, Gembloux Agro- Bio Tech, 277 p., 28 tabl., 47 fig. Résumé – La décomposition d’un corps entraîne des changements physiques et biochimiques importants, le cadavre va émettre des odeurs attractives pour certaines espèces et d’autres moins attractives. Au sein des écosystèmes terrestres tempérés, les insectes sont généralement les principaux organismes qui colonisent un corps selon une séquence plus ou moins prédictive. Ces insectes nécrophages et/ou nécrophiles, principalement des Diptères et des Coléoptères, utilisent le micro- habitat créé par le cadavre comme un substrat nourricier, un site de reproduction, un refuge ou encore comme un territoire de chasse.
    [Show full text]