Our Time - Our Story

Battle Harbour Literacy Council

Seniors Profiles and Oral Histories Excerpts from Lodge Bay - Paradise River

Battle Harbour Literacy Council

This book is a project of the Battle Harbour Literacy Council with acknowledgment of funding from Human Resources Development Canada.

Layout and Design: Christine Rumbolt

Collectors: Alison Normore, Christopher Poole, Ruth Burden, Marilyn Parr - Penney, Mildred Keefe and Charlotte Dyson

Photo Credit: Eldred Poole, St. Lewis, Labrador James Poole (right) and Elijah Strangemore (left) holding up a porcupine. Taken at St. Collin's Camp in the Labrador Interior in Winter, 1937.

Words From Project Sponsor

As 1999 is International Year of the Senior, we thought it appropriate to pay tribute to our ever growing population of seniors along the southeast coast of Labrador. We chose the area of Lodge Bay to Paradise River as it represents the economic boundary of Zone 4. The people of these communities carry many cultural differences but in more ways are strikingly similar in the way they lived and through the deep commitment to the land and the communities that they have built. It is through the labor, toil and constant striving of these strong willed people that our communities have continued to survive.

You will see as you read through the profiles and excerpts, many people's fondest memories are of the simple things in life: family, love, religion and the tasks of daily living. We hope that their words are an inspiration to all who read not to take these things for granted.

Enjoy!!!

Bonnie Rumbolt Program Coordinator

FOREWARD

As we move forward in our communities, we do so reflecting on our past and with the knowledge of those who have paved the way - our seniors, the "Pioneers of our Past."

With 1999 being the International Year of the Older person, I am pleased to honor the many seniors from across the district who play an integral role in our society. You help shape the views of our youthful population, you teach us morals and values to live by and you have guided us through some of the most difficult times in our history.

This book is dedicated to each of you in recognition of the tremendous contributions and many sacrifices you have made as early pioneers. The last of a generation to have traveled this land by foot and fished our great ocean by hand, you have instilled in us a way of life that today is unknown in most cultures.

I would like to extend my gratitude to the literacy groups in the district for doing such a great job with this project and reaching out to so many seniors. Also, I would like to recognize Bonnie Rumbolt for organizing and coordinating this project.

Literacy groups in the district have been instrumental in documenting the oral histories of our people and preserving the culture of our communities.

Yvonne Jones, MHA Cartwright - L'Anse au Clair

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section 1 Lodge Bay

Section 2 Mary's Harbour

Section 3 St. Lewis

Section 4 Port Hope Simpson

Section 5 William's Harbour

Section 6 Charlottetown

Section 7 Pinsent's Arm

Section 8 Norman Bay

Section 9 Cartwright

Section 10 Paradise River

Section 11 Black Tickle / Domino

Section 12 Special Tribute Section 1 Lodge Bay

Name: Douglas Bradley

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: November 10th, 1917

Place of Birth: Ship Harbour. Also lived at Indian Cove and Lewis' Bay

Livelihood: Fished, Store Owner/Operator

Children: Judy Simms, Betty Stevens, Caroline Morgan, Nellie Mercer, Gary Bradley

"One interesting thing that happened to me is when I went to England to visit my brother, Max. We went to Dover and got on a hover craft and went to France. That was in 1990."

Name: Faith Bradley

Maiden name: Pye

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: September 26th, 1919

Place of Birth: Cape Charles

Livelihood: : Housewife, Fished, Service work

Children: Melvin Bradley, Perry Bradley, Patsy Rumbolt

"One interesting thing that happened to me is that I got married." Name: Paul Bradley

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: July 12th, 1915

Place of Birth: Indian Cove. Also lived at Hatter's Cove

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Melvin Bradley, Perry Bradley, Patsy Rumbolt

"The most interesting thing that happened to me is that I got married."

Name: Charlotte Curl

Maiden name: Thoms

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: September 7th, 1925

Place of Birth: Deep Water Creek. Also lived at Fox Harbour.

Livelihood: Housewife, Fished, Worked at Cookhouse

Children: Sterling Curl, Jordan Curl, Jeffrey Curl, Wayne Curl, Pierce Curl, Vera Pye, Linda Curl

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I got married." Name: Walter Curl

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: April 29th, 1920

Place of Birth: Deep Water Creek. Also lived at Lewis' Bay and Fox Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Sterling Curl, Jordan Curl, Jeffrey Curl, Wayne Curl, Pierce Curl, Vera Pye, Linda Curl

"I always loved trapping and was interested in how many animals I was going to get."

Name: Alma Pye

Maiden name: Pye

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: August 7th, 1924

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour. Also lived at Cape Charles.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Doretha Rumbolt, Edna Ryan, Clifford Pye

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I got married." Name: Elizabeth Pye

Maiden name: Ryan

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: April 2nd, 1927

Place of Birth: Red Bay. Also lived at Battle Harbour for 3 years, Carroll's Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Greta Pike, Lily Yetman, Olive Pye, Harvey Pye, Howard Pye, Mary Curl, Nancy Hamel, Donna Smith, Dora Curl, Bruce Pye, Carl Pye, Wanda Pye

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I got married."

Name: Gordon Pye

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: April 26th, 1931

Place of Birth: Cape Charles

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Thomas Pye, Kirby Pye, Doreen Bridle, Gilbert Pye, Tina Pye, Trina Pye

"One interesting thing that happened to me is when I met my wife and started dating her." Name: Lawrence Pye

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: August 5th, 1937

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour. Also lived at Cape Charles.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Andrea Pye, Evelyn Burden

"When I was fishin, I was always interested in how things was going to go."

Name: Martha Pye

Maiden name: Butt

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: April 7th, 1937

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour. Also lived at Battle Harbour, Various Areas of Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Housewife, Janitor at school for 9 years

Children: Thomas Pye, Kirby Pye, Doreen Bridle, Gilbert Pye, Tina Pye, Trina Pye

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I had a twin of girls." Name: Paul Pye

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: February 10th, 1935

Place of Birth: Lodge Bay. Also lived at Cape Charles.

Livelihood: Fisherman, 1955-Churchlll Falls doing survey work, 1956-Sept Isles doing road construction.

Children: Garland Pye, Robert Pye, Roderick Pye, Darryl Pye, Prescilla Kippenhuck, Jacqueline Pye.

"In 1994, I went to Goose Bay to be chair person for six development associations in Labrador. When I was about 15 or 16, I was responsible for lighting the fire in church when the minister carne around. That was the first time I was in public life!"

Name: Stewart Pye

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: February 17th, 1939

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour. Also lived at Cape Charles.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Gary Pye, Janice Green, Wayne Pye, Warren Pyc, Beverly Holley, Lisa Roberts, Annette Pye, Micheal Pye

"When I was trapping, I caught 5 lynx in one day." Name: Violet Pye

Maiden name: Pye

Community: Lodge Bay

Birth Date: March 9th, 1917

Place of Birth: Carbonear, Nfld. Also lived at Cape Charles.

Livelihood: Housewife, Store Owner/Operator, Fished

Children: Clara Rumbolt, Stewart Pye, Guy Pye, Ward Pye, Lloyd Pye, Roy Pye, Alvin Pye, Valerie Russell

"I used to help take the heads off the fish and I headed 50 quintals of fish in one day."

Section 2

Mary's Harbour

Name: Gordon Acreman

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: October 16th, 1921

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour. Also lived at Mary's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished. I got a job in Goose Bay as a carpenter for a couple of years and I worked as a maintenance man in Port Hope Simpson. In 1948 I opened a general store and that was my occupation until I retired.

Children: Betty, Judy, Bruce, Henry, Nancy, Sam

"In July of 1965, I owned a general store in Mary's Harbour. At that same time Joey Smallwood was in Labrador doing some campaigning for a fellow in this area by the name of Wilfred Letto. Well, this day they were in Mary's Harbour trying to get some votes. Joey was walking up the road and came into my store and asked me if I had any cold drinks for sale. Well it was almost dinner time and I says to him, "Come on in the house boy and have some dinner." He says, 'No, no, no boy." But I convinced him to come in to get something to eat. We had jigs dinner that day and I sat at the same table of Joey Smallwood. I remember he was a good talker and he was waving his hands trying to get his points across. From listening to him talk I could tell he was a smart man and that he cared a lot for Nfld and Labrador. After the meal was over, he thanked me and he was off again to do some more campaigning. From that day on me and Joey were good friends. He arranged 3 trips for me to go to St. John's for meetings as a community representative. Each time everything was paid for. Yes, sir, Joey was a good man. He made some mistakes but we all make mistakes. He was a good man and did more for this province than anybody else."

Name: Eugene Burden

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: February 9th, 1934

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson. Also lived at St. Lewis.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Tina Rumbolt

"When I was fishing one day, I hooked a whale on my jigger and he rose up to the top of the water and sprayed me."

Name: Dorothy Campbell

Maiden name: Hopkins

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: July 12th, 1927

Place of Birth: St. Anthony. Also lived at Seal Island, Partridge Bay and Charlottetown.

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Mary Rumbolt, Clifford Camphell (adopted) Name: Allan James Rumbolt

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: February 9th, 1909

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Ann Rumbolt, Edmund Rumbolt, Donald Rumbolt (deceased), John Rumbolt (deceased), Mina Rumbolt, Edna Rumbolt, Melvin Rumbolt, Evelyn Spearing, Phyllis Rumbolt (deceased), Clayton Rumbolt (deceased), Ivany Rumbolt, Ralph Rumbolt, Alma Rumbolt

"One interesting thing that happened to me is that I had my finger cut off."

Name: Benjamin Rumbolt

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: June 4th, 1929

Place of Birth: Matthew's Cove. Also lived at Indian Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

"One interesting thing that happened to me was that I had my leg took off." Name: Charles Rumbolt

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: April 12th, 1931

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Harold Rumbolt, Bella Samson, Ethel Fillier (deceased), Marina Rice, Carlton Rumbolt, Larry Rumbolt, May Rumbolt

"I always enjoyed getting up every morning and going fishing."

Name: Clarence Rumbolt, Sr.

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: April 16th, 1917

Place of Birth: Matthew's Cove

Livelihood: Fished, Worked in the Lumber woods

Children: Lorraine Stone, Rosalind Russell, Shirley Russell, Ricky Rumbolt, Roddy Rumbolt, Pauline Russell, Glenda Sutton

"I was always interested in how many fish I was going to catch." Name: Florence Rumbolt

Maiden name: Rumbolt

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: October 4th, 1935

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Harold Rumbolt, Bella Samson, Ethel Fillier (deceased), Marina Rice, Carlton Rumbolt, Larry Rumbolt, May Rumbolt

"I always enjoyed getting up every morning and going fishing."

Name: Mary Rumbolt

Maiden name: Buckle

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: November 4th, 1917

Place of Birth: Old Fort Bay, Quebec. Also lived in Forteau.

Livelihood: Housekept, Fished

Children: Wallace Rumbolt, Bruce Rumbolt, Gerald Rumbolt, Lemuel Rumbolt, Roger Rumbolt, Gary Rumbolt, Adolphus Rumbolt, Donald Rumbolt, Henry Rumbolt (deceased), Melvin Rumbolt, Andrew Rumbolt, Doreen Rumbolt, Joan Rumbolt

"When I worked on Bell Island I used to clean up after the fishermen." Name: Muriel Rumbolt

Maiden name: Clark

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: January 26th, 1923

Place of Birth: Boulder's Rock

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Ann Rumbolt, Edmund Rumbolt, Donald Rumbolt (deceased), John Rumbolt (deceased), Mina Rumbolt, Edna Rumbolt, Melvin Rumbolt, Evelyn Spearing, Phyffis Rumbolt (deceased), Clayton Rumbolt (deceased), Ivany Rumbolt, Ralph Rumbolt, Alma Rumbolt

"When I was living in Trap Cove, I went behind the house to get some sods for the smoke house and turned over a sod and there were things buried underneath such as silverware and lamp wicks."

Name: Timothy Rumbolt, Sr.

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: November 6th, 1929

Place of Birth: Trap Cove. Also lived around Lewis' Bay and Port Hope Simpson.

Livelihood: Fished, Store Owner/ Operator

Children: Timothy Rumbolt, Jr.

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I married Mary." Name: Emma Samson

Maiden name: Butt

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: November 21st, 1934

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Clara Smith, Loretta Campbell, Freeman Samson

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I got married"

Name: William Harry Samson

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: June 15th 1929

Place of Birth: Cape Charles. Also lived at Mathew's Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Clara Smith, Loretta Campbell, Freeman Samson

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I met my wife." Name: Lemuel J. Seaward

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: July 10th, 1934

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour. Also lived at Goose Bay, Corner Brook and Fort McMurray.

Livelihood: Department of National Defense

Children: Pauline McLean, Lemuel Seaward, Jr., Anthony Seaward, Shawn Seaward, Curtis Seaward, Shirley Starks

"I came back to Mary's Harbour to live after 50 years"

Name: Charles Smith, Sr.

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: August 27th, 1928

Place of Birth: Capstan's Cove, Battle Harbour. Also lived around Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Bernice Spearing, Ruby Whalen, Olive Clark, Emma Rumbolt, Raymond Smith, Roy Smith, Theresa Russell, Joyce Bradley, Charles Smith, Jr., Wayne Smith

"When all my children were born, I'd be awful interested in if it was going to be a boy or a girl." Name: Fay Smith

Maiden name: Rumbolt

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: September 1st, 1932

Place of Birth: Matthew's Cove

Livelihood: Hospital worker, Fished, Housekept

Children: Jordan Smith, Greta Valcasori, Steadman Smith, Harrison Smith, Eleanor King, Marie Snook, Millicent Chesley

"Just recently, I went to Goose Bay with my 4 daughters to attend my mother-in-laws 100th birthday."

Name: Frances Snook

Maiden name: Russell

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: August 9th, 1927

Place of Birth: William's Harbour. Also lived at Trap Cove.

Livelihood: Housekept, Store Owner/ Operator

Children: Levi Snook, Elsie Cumby, William Snook, Carl Snook, Aubrey Russell (raised from a child)

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I got married" Name: Redgeway Snook

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: July 21st, 1925

Place of Birth: Trap Cove

Livelihood: School Teacher, Plant Operator with Hydro, Store Owner/ Operator

Children: Levi Snook, Elsie Cumby, William Snook, Carl Snook, Aubrey Russell (raised from a child)

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I got married."

Name: James Spearing

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: June 29th, 1914

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Hayward Spearing, Lucy Lunnen, Marjorie Davis, Stephen Spearing, Albert Spearing, Roy Spearing, Melvin Spearing, Georgina Lunnen, Julie Ritch

"About 50 years ago, I fell down with my gun and shot the muscle part of my arm off" Name: Rita Stevens

Maiden name: Paulo

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: July 12th, 1924

Place of Birth: Fox Harbour. Also lived at Trap Cove.

Livelihood: Nurses Aide, Housekept

Children: Gaye Rumbolt, Boyd Stevens

"One interesting thing that happened to me was when I married Walter and when I had my two children."

Name: Walter Stevens

Community: Mary's Harbour

Birth Date: November 3rd, 1919

Place of Birth: : Gunnin' Island, Battle Harbour. Also lived at Trap Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Gaye Rumbolt, Boyd Stevens

"When I married Rita, that was a good thing." Section 3

St. Lewis

Name: Fanny Brown

Maiden name: Snook

Community: St.Lewis

Birth Date: June 29th, 1918

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour

Livelihood: Housekept, Part-time Fished

Children: George, Jane, Esley, Joseph, Raymond (deceased), Edward

Name: Charles Chubbs

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: July 4th, 1933

Place of Birth: St. Lewis. Also lived at Seal Bight and Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Plant Worker

Children: Helen, Keith, Andrew

Name: Cyril Chubbs

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: July 13th, 1933

Place of Birth: Deep Water Creek

Livelihood: Fished

Children: : Peggy, Todd, Marilyn, Lucy

"Years ago people would catch huge fish and they would call them gaffers. I remember one summer when I was a young man about 22 years of age; I got a big fish that would be considered a gaffer. I was fishing out of Fox Harbour at the time. I went out in motorboat by myself to a place called Red Point Bank. This place was a good place to catch big fish so I used a half inch thick piece of rope on my jigger so that a big fish would not burst my line. I was jigging away and catching some fish. Then suddenly I hooked something. It was heavy and I knew I never hooked the bottom because the line was tugging. So I started hauling, I hauled and hauled and after about half an hour I had this huge monster of a codfish up to the gullins of the boat. I had jug him by the tail. So I grabbed the tail and hauled him aboard. But the fish could not fit in the boat. So I had to cut his tail off in order for him to fit. When I got home, I tied a piece of rope around his gills and it took two people to haul him up over the wharf. On the wharf I measured him and he was about 10 feet long. Now I had the task of cleaning him. I had no trouble cut throating him but it took two people to haul the head off of him. Now I had to split him but a ordinary splitting knife was no good because the blade was not long enough. So I went and got my chainsaw and cut down along the sound bone, the thickest part, and I managed to get the rest of the bone off with my splitting knife. When the fish was clean I weighed him and he weighed 147 pounds. Then I salted the fish and I also salted the tail which I had cut off and it took half a bag of salt to salt that fish. In the fall when the cullers came to take my fish, they saw the big one I caught and they said it was the biggest fish they had ever seen in their lives. They took the fish and they took the tail too."

Name: Doris Chubbs

Maiden name: Taylor

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: August 29th, 1931

Place of Birth: Bell Island, Conception Bay. Also lived at Carbonear, Harbour Grace, St. John's and Spear Harbour In summer.

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Daniel, Mary, Glenda (deceased), Beverly

"One year on December 24th, me and my husband, Jerry, were returning on snowmobile from our summer home in Spear Harbour. We had gone to Spear Harbour for a ride. Well, we were crossing this pond and I started to feel the rear of the snowmobile rise up and the next I know I am flying off the snowmobile. I landed on the ice and I was knocked unconscious. Jerry turns the snowmobile around and comes back for me. He thought that he had killed me. I was not dead but I did have some bruises on my arm. It was a funny thing that happened that day. There were no bumps on the ice that could have knocked me off the ski-doo and Jerry never felt no bump when I was thrown off the ski-doo."

Name: Florence Chubbs

Maiden name: Poole

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: September l5th, 1930

Place of Birth: Murray's Harbour. Also lived at Scotch Pond in winter.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Brian, Sheila

"When I was growing up I spent my summers in Murray's Harbour. Sometimes on a Saturday I would hitch a ride to Fox Harbour for the weekend. One Saturday I managed to get a ride to Fox Harbour on a Fishery Products boat which came to Murray's Harbour to collect salmon. The boat's name was The Fox and it was operated by two brothers by the names of Dick Parsons and Duncan Parsons. That weekend I stayed at my Uncle Sol's and Aunt Florence's house. Monday morning came and I was ready to return home to Murray's Harbour. Dick and Duncan picked me up and we were on our way. It so happened the wind was in from the northeast and there was a bit of a sea on. I never had much experience in a boat and it was not long before I was sick. I was throwing up and I was as white as a sheet. Dick and Duncan said they would take me into Spear Harbour because once they turned around Spear Point they knew it would be even rougher because Murray's Harbour is one of the roughest places on the Labrador coast. They dropped me off at Jerry Chubbs wharf and I was glad to be on solid land again. Then I walk to Murray's Harbour which only took about 15 minutes. I don't like walking over hills but I was glad enough to walk over them that day."

Name: Gertrude Chubbs

Maiden name: Curl

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: December 21st, 1908

Place of Birth: Deep Water Creek

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Graham, Cyril, Warrick

"I grew up in a place called Deep Water Creek, a place which had no school. I was educated by 3 American women teachers who came to Labrador in the summers during their spare time to teach Labrador children. The teachers received no money for teaching us. In fact, they had to pay their own way down and back from Labrador. The teachers even brought books and learning material down with them. The teachers came to Deep Water Creek and stayed with my parents. There was no school in Deep Water Creek so my parents let the teachers use our kitchen as a classroom. Those three women taught me how to read and write and I am very grateful to them. Those women were kind. They sacrificed their time and money in order to help out the unfortunate."

Name: Graham Chubbs

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: August 2nd, 1930

Place of Birth: Deep Water Creek

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Brian, Sheila Name: Josephine Chubbs

Maiden name: Fowler

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: September 9th, 1926

Place of Birth: : Mackinsons, Nfld. Also lived at Spear Harbour and Murray's Harbour in summer.

Children: Emily, Annie, Calvin, Nita, Hazel, Genevieve

"I use to live in Murray's Harbour during the summer for part of my life. One year late in September (17 years ago), the harbour was empty except for myself, Jean Poole, and her two young boys. Most people were gone out in boat and some people had shifted up to Fox Harbour. It was a nice day so I decided I would go and pick some partridge berries. I walked up in the bottom and passed Jean and her two boys and went on the other side of the harbour to look for a spot of berries. As the story goes Jean looked on the other side of the harbour and saw me picking away at the berries. Then she turns her head towards the hill where she is picking berries. To her surprise she sees me sitting down on a rock on the side of the harbour she is on. That day she saw me in two places at once. Older people say what happened was that Jean saw my token that day. They say that if you see a person's token, they will live a long time. There must be some truth in that because I will be 73 years old on my birthday."

Name: Mary Chubbs

Maiden name: Young

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: August 11th, 1924

Place of Birth: Bell Island, Conception Bay. Also lived at Carbonear.

Livelihood: Housekept, Worked in a mattress factory for 3 or 4 years

Children: Lydia, David, Ambrose, John, Gerald, Gordon, Ruby, Mildred

"One Sunday, in 1955, I was returning from the bottom in Fox Harbour to my home in Frankie's Cove. At the same time William and Norman Poole were returning home on dog team from Murray's Harbour. It so happened that I was carrying a piece of seal in my hand. The dogs caught the scent and raced towards me. I threw the piece of seal hoping the dogs would chase it and they all did except for the lead dogs. Norman and Will tried to stop the dogs but they were too strong. The lead dogs managed to catch me and they started biting me. I was bit seven times before Will managed to haul them dogs off me. Most of the bites were on my leg and were not life threatening, but I had to go to Mary's Harbour the next day to get a rabies shot. That evening Norman and Will killed all the dogs."

Name: Stephen Chubbs

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: September 8th, 1938

Place of Birth: Seal Bight. Also lived at Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, worked on the Construction of Fish Plants on the Labrador Coast, I worked in Smokey, Labrador as a Maintenance man and was head over the Service Center. Worked one year as an Observer on a government boat and I am currently working as a Mechanic for Coastal Labrador Fisheries Ltd.

Children: Clyde, Bob, Maxine, Rosalie, Brenda, Scott

Name: Margaret Curl

Maiden name: Curl

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: December 5th, 1929

Place of Birth: Deep Water Creek. Also lived at Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Garland, Verna, Jack, Guy, Beatrice, Nellie (deceased), Lawrence (deceased), Kirby (deceased), Denley, Daphne, Vera (deceased)

"One day many years ago me and my son, Garland, went to the brook to lug home some water. Garland was a small boy then, he was about 4 or 5 years old. I had just finished filling up one bucket of water when I heard a strange noise. I looked up and saw this strange looking object coming over the hill. It flew over us and headed towards Mary's Harbour. I had never seen anything like that before. I thought it was a huge fly because that is what it looked like. I got a huge fright. I grabbed the bucket of water and didn't even bother to fill up the other bucket. I grabbed Garland and hurried home with only one bucket of water. I went home and never went back to the brook anymore that day because I was afraid it would come back. What I saw that day was a helicopter! It was one of the first to come to Fox Harbour. I didn't know what it was when I first saw it and it gave me a scare. Looking back at it today makes me laugh, knowing that I was afraid of a helicopter."

Name: Mildred Curl

Maiden name: Turnbull

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: March 26th, 1933

Place of Birth: New York, Labrador. Also lived in Charlottetown.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Shirley, Harold, Werner, Clarence, Deon, Terrence

Name: Ira Holley

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: November 16th, 1934

Place of Birth: St. Lewis

Livelihood: Fished, Plant Worker

Children: Leona, Dexter, Hughie, Draper

"During World War 2 the Americans built a base in Fox Harbour. I got a job with the Americans and my job was to help off load barges. One day we were off loading some tractors. I was talking to the captain of the barge and all of a sudden a cable broke. The cable hit me across the face and instantly knocked me unconscious. The captain who was standing right beside me with his hand on my shoulder never had a scratch on him. The Americans rushed me to St. Anthony for medical attention. The cable cut me across the eye and it cut the tip of my nose off along with a blood vessel in my nose. The doctors managed to fix me up but you can still see the scars today. The Americans left Fox Harbour but they left me a souvenir. The tip of nose which the doctor repaired is perfectly round." Name: Joshua Perry

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: February 9th, 1910

Place of Birth: Deep Water Creek. Also lived at Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Salmon and Fish Collector

"I was a fisherman for part of my life. I caught cod fish and salmon. I had the best salmon berth on the Labrador coast, a place called Lewis' Rock. My great grandfather had the berth first, then he turned it down to my grandfather. My grandfather turned it down to my father and when my father gave up fishing, he turned the berth down to me. That berth was in our family a lot of years and everybody who had that berth in our family did good with the salmon. I remember one year when I had that berth I did really good with the salmon. I remember one day in particular I cleaned up on the salmon. One morning me and my father rowed out to Lewis' Rock in my punt, which was about 18-20 feet long. At the time I had two nets strung together. Each net was 40 fathom long. When we reached the net at Lewis' Rock it was sunk under the water. We saw one of the buoys on the net so we hooked up the buoy and started pulling in the net. What a sight! There were salmon as far as the eye could see in the net. We picked out the salmon until the punt could hold no more. Then we let go of the net and rowed home. When we got home we unloaded the salmon and headed back to Lewis' Rock again. We hooked up the net and continued to pick out the salmon. When we finished picking out the salmon we almost had another boat load. When we got home we counted the salmon. There were 310 altogether. That evening we went back to haul the net at Lewis' Rock again. This time we managed to get 90 more salmon. Yes sir, we did good with the salmon that day and we continued to do good the rest of the summer. Lewis' Rock was a good berth to my family over the years and in my opinion it is the best berth on the Labrador coast for salmon catching."

Name: Albert Poole

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: August 29th, 1930

Place of Birth: St. Lewis. Also lived at Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Gary, Albert Jr., Steve, Donald, Ted, Leroy (deceased), Nancy

"The summer of 1957 was the thickest time I ever saw fish in my life. I only used one trap that summer and it was set in Deep Cove, a berth that was a half an hour steam in motorboat up the bay. Well, the first time we hauled the trap we got a load of fish and from that day on for most of the summer it was load and go. We hauled the trap twice a day, once in the morning and once after dinner. That was enough fish to last us all day and well into the night. I remember we would be going to haul the trap and I would look down in the shoal water and I could see the fish scatter. Other times I could not even see the bottom because the fish was so thick. The caplin were up in the bay and the cod were chasing them. That was the reason for the plentiful fish. The fish stayed in the bay most of the summer and we managed to do very good. When all was said and done we had managed to catch over 800 quintals of fish. That was the best I ever did in my life."

Name: Doris Poole

Maiden name: Curl

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: October 15th, 1929

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Louise, Alton, Lucy, Eric, Ivan, Ross, Hazel, Carrie, Loretta, Betty, Freeman, Barry

"It was the spring of the year and I was about ready to give birth to my baby. So I had to somehow manage to get over to the hospital in Mary's Harbour. Well the going was almost gone and the ice was broke up in some places so we could not go to Mary's Harbour on dog team. We could not get all the ways over there in boat because part of the bay was still froze over. It just so happened my sister - in law Muriel Poole was also pregnant and also needed to get to the hospital in Mary's Harbour. So my husband, Hubert, and his brother, Albert, got the motorboat ready and put 3 dogs and a sled aboard the boat. The four of us got aboard the boat and headed for Mary's Harbour. When we got to Captain Jack's Island we could not go any further because of the ice. So Hubert and Albert took the dogs and sled out of the boat and moored her. Then they harnessed up the dogs and me and Muriel got on the sled and Hubert and Albert lead the dogs across the ice. Well, we ended up in Mary's Harbour safe and sound without any problems."

Name: Eliza Poole

Maiden name: Noel

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: July 29th, 1936

Place of Birth: William's Harbour. Also lived at Murray's Harbour in summer, Green Bay

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Emma, Phyllis, Shirley, Edward, Fred, Earl, Irene

"In the summer of 1966 my husband Earl, me and our shareman set out to haul the trap. It so happened that we were the last crew to leave the harbour. We were half ways out the harbour when the engine house caught on fire due to a spark from the ignition. Well, we all ran to the head of the boat as the fire got bigger. We were stranded in the middle of the harbour with no way to get in and nobody could help because the other fisherman were all gone. Then suddenly a longliner entered the harbour and saw that we were in trouble. So they raced towards us and managed to get us off the boat and bring us to shore. Once on shore I heard a big bang. I looked at the boat and saw the gas tank flying through the air. The gas tank was blown 300 or 400 feet into the air and landed on a hill. The longliner went back out to the boat and managed to put out the fire with fire extinguishers. That was a close call and lucky for us that longliner came into the harbour that day and saved us."

Name: Elsie Poole

Maiden name: Burden

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: May 6th, 1939

Place of Birth: St. Lewis. Also lived at Murray's Harbour in summer.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Cora, Bernice, Wallace (deceased), Carl (deceased), Victor, Bessie, Ethel Name: Hubert Poole

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: December 26th, 1925

Place of Birth: Lewis Bay

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Louise, Alton, Lucy, Eric, Ivan, Ross, Hazel, Carrie, Loretta, Betty, Freeman, Barry

"Years ago people had to depend on the land and the sea for most of their meat. In those days you could not go to a store and buy a chicken or a piece of fresh meat. One of my favorite things to eat was porcupine. In those days porcupines were plentiful and I spent a lot of time hunting them. I remember one winter day me and my father went porcupine hunting in the country. We lived in Lewis' Bay at the time. We were a long ways in back of Lewis' Bay. We came across a good sign of porcupines. We saw their tree marking and their footing. That day in one spot we managed to kill 14 porcupines. That was the most I ever got in one day. I killed a lot of porcupines in my life and not one ever fired a quill at me. Today we can go to the store and buy a chicken or a turkey, but I would rather have porcupine anytime."

Name: Iris Poole

Maiden name: Poole

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: July 19th, 1929

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour. Also lived at Lewis' Bay, Murray's Harbour in summer.

Livelihood: Housekept, Fished

Children: Joyce, Ron, Terry, Edgar, Truman

"In the summer of 1955 I was living in Murray's Harbour. That summer my husband, Paul, got his finger infected and had to stay at the hospital in Mary's Harbour for a good part of the summer. I was staying by myself and I had to look after our children. I remember one Sunday evening when I had just put the kids to bed, I saw the caplin rolling in the beach. I said to myself, "1 should go out and get a few to salt for the winter as we won't get anything else with Paul laid up all summer." So I went down to the stage and got a dip net. I went over in the beach, the water was high and the caplin were coming ashore. I started dipping in the caplin and throwing them ashore. As it happened cod fish were chasing the caplin. As I was dipping in the caplin I would also dip in some fish, sometimes 3 or 4 in a single dip. I kept on dipping in the caplin and the cod but I had to stop because the dark started to set in. Then I went and got some water buckets and carried the caplin and the fish over to the stage. I put the caplin in one puncheon tub and the cod in another puncheon tub. Then I went up to the house and went to bed. The next morning I got Paul's brother Nelson to split my fish for me because I was afraid of the splitting knife. When Nelson went down in the stage he could not believe his eyes. He did not even know there was a single caplin in the harbour. When we had the fish clean, I had 2 quintals of lovely fish. That happened on July 15th and just after a huge storm. It is something I will never forget in my life."

Name: James Poole

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: November 20th, 1937

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour. Also lived at Hills Harbour, Grady and Indian Tickle.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Joan, Andy, Keith, Tim

"Fishing was a hard way to make a living. Some years you would do good and other years you would not get enough to pay your bills. I remember one summer during the 1 9701s, I am not sure which year it was, but that year I did really bad with the fish. I was fishing out of Hills Harbour at the time with my brother, Eldred. During the summer there was hardly any sign of fish at all. We had gill nets set out but we weren't getting anything out of them. We also went out jigging. We would get a scattered fish here and there but no big lot. We did not even bother to set out a cod trap that year because there was hardly any sign of fish. By the middle of August we gave up fishing altogether and moved back to Fox Harbour. The whole summer fishing, getting up early, hauling the gill nets and jigging all that work and all we had to show for it was a salmon box full of fish. Not even enough for the winter. That fall I had to leave Fox Harbour and go down to Goose Bay to look for work. The fishery was a very risky business to make a living with. You had to set your nets and work hard and hope the fish came.

Name: Leander Poole

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: July 8th, 1928

Place of Birth: Fox Harbour. Also lived at Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Kevin, Ken, Hank, Judy, Geraldine

"One year in 1953 or 1954, I remember when the seals came really close to shore. It the 5th or 6th of March and the seals were just out behind the point almost up to the ballicater. Me and my brothers, Albert and Hubert, took a punt and headed out to where the seals were. There was a crack in the ice. We would row out and land on the ice sheet. We would kill the seals and fill up the punt with the pelts and row back to shore. We would take about 30 pelts in a trip. We would mainly kill the white coats. They would not run away or go down into a blow hole, you could walk right up to them. We were at the seals for about 3 days then the ice moved offshore. We did pretty good with the pelts and managed to get a lot of meat for my dog team. We sold our pelts to Sol Curl who was buying them for a man from Montreal. We got 7 dollars a quintal, which was 112 pounds. We didn't get rich from the pelts but the money sure came in handy during the spring when money was scarce."

Name: Muriel Poole

Maiden name: Chubbs

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: April 2nd, 1937

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson. Also lived at Seal Bight, Carbonear, and Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Housekept, Nurses Aide

Children: Gary, Albert Jr., Steve, Donald, Ted, Leroy (deceased), Nancy

"I married Albert Poole on February 2nd, 1957. We were married at the school on Loder's Point at 4 o'clock. At that time the Americans were in Fox Harbour building a military base. The Americans were kind people. They gave us a wedding reception at their barricks and they payed for all the food and drinks. That night we had a dance to celebrate our wedding and a good crowd turned out to the dance. Sometime during the night a blizzard struck and the wind was blowing hard and it was snowing. A few people tackled the storm and managed to make it home but most people stayed in the safety of the barracks. That night people took turns playing the violin and the accordion and everyone else danced. In fact we danced the whole night. The blizzard cleared up and we finally made it home at 11 am the next morning. Yes sir, I ended up stuck at the American barracks all night and ended up dancing all night long on my wedding night. But we didn't mind that. We had a great time anyway."

Name: Paul Poole

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: June 24th, 1926

Place of Birth: Murray's Harbour. Also lived at Lewis' Bay and Scotch Pond.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Joyce, Ron, Terry, Edgar, Truman

"One year in September I went to Battle Harbour with my father. While in Battle Harbour I learned that some boys from Battle Harbour and Fox Harbour were going on the Kyle to work in Goose Bay. So I said to Pa, "I am going too." When I went home I told Joe Chubbs I was going to Goose Bay to work and he said, "I'm going with ya." So we packed our bags and went to Battle Harbour to catch the Kyle. On the Kyle there was a big crowd going, most of them were my friends and cousins. When I arrived in Goose Bay I got a job cutting wood. I had to cut everything, big and small. I worked with a man by the name of Jessie Parsons. He was a professional wood cutter and we got along well. I worked every day, Sundays and all, until the first day of April. However, I did miss three days because I was in the hospital. I earned 6 dollars a day which in those days was half decent pay. In April work was over. Some boys from Port Hope Simpson and William's Harbour sent for their fathers and brothers to come down for them by dog team. When they arrived, I asked one of them if I could go home with him. He said, "I can take your luggage but you will have to walk." I said, "I don't mind walking." So 4 or 5 of us buddied up to walk home. We kept in company with the others. We used to be behind them and by the time they stopped for the night we would be 2 or 3 hours behind them. By the time we caught up with them they would have a big fire in and would be eating their supper. We had lots of grub. They gave us a big box of food from the cook house when we left Goose Bay. We had to walk on snowshoes all the way. Just about every night I would have to fill my snowshoes. I also had to fill Tommy Curl's rackets. He did not know how to fill them in. When daylight broke, we would be gone again. We managed to get into a house for 2 nights and the rest we spent by the fire. It took us 10 days to walk from Goose Bay to Rexon's Cove. In Rexon's Cove, I stayed at Elizabeth Russell's place. There I slept on a nice comfortable feather bed and I never woke til dinner time the next day. Then Samuel Russell took me and hauled me home with his dog team. I was home again and I had some money in my pocket. While I was in Goose Bay my girlfriend sent me a letter the last week in September and I never got it until March. She also sent me a message by Gerald S. Doyle in Christmas and I have not got that one yet! It was nice to be back home again with my family and friends. I went fishing again that summer and a few years later I got married and settled down. I fished the rest of my life until I retired in 1991." Name: Clyde Saunders

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: January 23rd, 1932

Place of Birth: Corner Brook, Nfld. Also lived at Lodge Bay and Cape Charles.

Livelihood: Fisherman, assistant Lighthouse Keeper

Children: Lucy, Kevin (deceased), Joy, Barry (deceased), Leroy, Joan

"One winter long ago when I was a young man me and another fellow by the name of Hayward Pye were in the country checking our traps. We were on dog team at the time and was 8-10 miles from Lodge Bay. We came across this pond and got off our dog team. We decided that we would walk across the pond. I went on ahead and Hayward followed behind. All of a sudden the ice gave away and down I went in the freezing water. I went down over my head. I could not swim but I flapped my arms and legs and somehow I managed to surface and grab unto the edge of the ice. Hayward sprung into action and ran ashore. He managed to break off an old stick. He came out on the ice and passed me the stick. I grabbed hold and he pulled me ashore. I tell you I was soaked to the bone and freezing. We went back to where we left the dogs and made a fire. There I took off all my clothes and rung them out. When the clothes were dry and I warmed up, we got on the dog team and headed home."

Name: Pearl Saunders

Maiden name: Snook

Community: St. Lewis

Birth Date: April 4th, 1937

Place of Birth: Lewis' Bay. Also lived at Mary's Harbour.

Livelihood: Housekept, Nurses' Aide

Children: Joyce, Kathleen

"I grew up in a part of Fox Harbour called the Point. The school at that time was located at a place called Loder's Point. Each morning I would have to get up and walk along the beach because there were no roads here then. That was a long walk because we had to walk all around the shore. Sometimes the water would be high so that would even take up longer. I went to a one room school and there was only one teacher to teach all the different grades. The teachers were strict back in those days. If you were late, you would have to stay in after school. If you talked or chewed gum you would be struck on the hands with a stick or a hard leather belt. I never did get hit in school because I was well behaved or I never got caught. I got my grade 7 and after that there was no teacher to teach the school for a couple of years. By then I was a young woman so I went to work at the hospital and I never returned to school."

Section 4

Port Hope Simpson

Name: Herbert Bath

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 30th, 1933

Place of Birth: Horse Islands, Nfld. Also lived at Pacquet

Livelihood: Fished, Labour work

"I came to Port Hope Simpson from the Horse Islands in 1961 to go fishing with Charles Russell. The next year I came back and worked with the Bowater Company and met Bernice Penney. Two years later we got married. I built my own house here and have been living here every since. I go back to Newfoundland once in a while for a visit but I'd rather be living here in Port Hope Simpson."

Name: Gilbert Burden

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 8th, 1932

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Glenys Penney, Whyman Burden, Sandra Campbell, Clarence Burden, Jocelyn Hancock, Michelle Clarke, Tony Burden

"There were four of us: myself, Reuben Burden, Clifford Russell and Hayward Russell went into Burn Wood Brook to go caribou hunting. We travelled on dogs in them days. We were in there for one week. We never got our caribou but on our way home, myself and Reuben went to our beaver traps and the other two went home. Myself and Reuben got home about 8 o'clock that night. We had two caribou killed. When we told everybody they would not believe us because Clifford and Hayward was home first and said they never got either caribou."

Name: Margaret Burden

Maiden name: Young

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: February 28th, 1938

Place of Birth: Twillingate, Notre Dame Bay

Livelihood: Entrepreneur of Alexis Hotel and Penney's Enterprise

Children: Eldred Burden, Carol Burden, Derek Burden, David Burden, Dennis Burden, Danny Burden, Dean Burden, Paulette Locke, Bradley Penney (adopted)

"One interesting thing that happened to me is that I became a mother." Name: Reuben Burden

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: July 26th, 1930

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Eldred Burden, Carol Burden, Derek Burden, David Burden, Dennis Burden, Danny Burden, Dean Burden, Paulette Locke

"Dogs were very interesting in my day. I had dogs as long as I can remember. When the first ski - doo came around, I had an eight horsepower but I still enjoyed dogs. In 1997, they started having long dog team races. I travel around with the people to watch the races. The dog team leaves William's Harbour go to St. Lewis, Mary's Harbour and overnight in Port Hope Simpson. The next morning they would leave Port Hope Simpson, travel to Pinsent's Arm, Charlottetown and back to William's Harbour. I have two days traveling with the people. I enjoy it very much."

Name: Solomon Burden

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: April 27th, 1937

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Trudy Burden, Boris Burden

"When I was about 11 or 12 years old, I was fishing with my dad. We had no oil clothes back in them days so it wasn't a nice smell. He would take us out to Hare Island jigging. I would get seasick all the time. At times I felt like dying. As I got older, he would go to the Cape jigging. It would be really rough and I still got seasick. I would be throwing up and wishing I was on the land. We would fish from daylight to dark. Dad would say, "Pull up." I thought we were going home, instead he would take us to the Twins and Hole in the Wall. At times I didn't think I would live. I would be jigging and then a fish would get on my jigger. I would try to shake it off because I was so sick. It wouldn't fall off so I had to pull it up. Then Dad would look up at the sun and I could tell he would soon be going home. That's the way he would tell the time. No one had watches out in boat like they have today. Then he would say, "Pull up boys." I was so glad that I would get on the cuddy in the boat and sleep all the way back to George's Cove. We would have 5 or 6 barrels of fish."

Name: Wilfred Burden

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: August 20th, 1925

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Occasional Harbour and Murray's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished

"In 1934, when I was 9 years old, I went to Mary's Harbour to go to school. I planned on going back again the next year but I had to stay home to look after the dogs and help get firewood. I worked in the woods with my father. When I was a young boy we would cut wood and sell it. We only got 2 dollars a cord for it then. I spent 20 years at Murray's Harbour fishing with Gordon Penney. I really enjoyed fishing and would love to still be working in the fishery now." "Years ago we would travel around on dog team all the time. I remember one time George Parr and I went to Cartwright on dog team and brought Henry Williams and Stewart Williams down. They were up here back in the country to do some furring. We had a great trip down and I enjoyed it very much."

Name: William Butt

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: December 18th, 1929

Place of Birth: Carbonear

Livelihood: Lumberjack, Fished

Children: William Butt, Jr., Genevieve Notley, Jim Butt, Madeline Rumbolt, Con Butt, Susie Keefe, Leonard Butt.

Name: Clayton Kippenhuck

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 27th, 1932

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Fished, School janitor

Children: : Ruth Acreman, Betty Bursey, Lillian Graham, Edgar Kippenhuck, Donna Lavalee, Joy Simpson, Annie O'Reilley, Marcy Kippenhuck

"In 1967, my brothers Graham, Royden and I were out to Fish Cove Hill in Frances Harbour Bight hunting for birds. We were on top of a cliff there hunting and the hills were very slippery. I had a nylon suit on which was very slippery and while we were hunting there, I fell down and started to slide down the cliff. I tried to stop myself but just couldn't do it and I ended up at the bottom of the cliff I was knocked unconscious so I don't know too much about it. There were other hunters in the area so Royden shot the gun a few times and they came over to see what was wrong. They went to Rexon's Cove for more help. Some men came and put a komatik down with ropes and pulled me up. They put me into a coach box and brought me to Rexon's Cove. From there they took me to Mary's Harbour hospital. The next day they sent me to St. Anthony where they found out that I had the joint in my knee broke up and three ribs broken. I had surgery on the knee and a cast for 6 weeks. I had 12 days with my leg up in a sling. I spent a mo nth in the hospital and had to go back in the spring for another month."

Name: Daisy Kippenhuck

Maiden name: Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: October 19th, 1931

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Ruth Ackerman, Betty Bursey, Lillian Graham, Edgar Kippenhuck, Donna Lavallee, Joy Simpson, Annie O' Reilley, Marcy Kippenhuck

Name: Edith Kippenhuck

Maiden name: Toomashie

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: December 5th, 1936

Place of Birth: Eagle River. Also lived in Cartwright.

Children: Amanda Wolfrey, Golda Karg, Thomas Kippenhuck, Malcolm Kippenhuck, Juanita Kippenhuck, Laverne Kippenhuck, Lisa Kippenhuck.

"When I was 15 years old, in 1951, I left Cartwright and went to George's Cove to work for Aunt Clara Burden. I got there about 6:30 in the morning. I went there by CN boat and a smaller boat came to get me. I did not know anybody there at that time. When I got there nobody was up. I just sat in the kitchen and waited. After a while I could hear a thumping. Aunt Clara was getting up. The thump was very loud and I thought to myself, "Boy, she's a big woman." When she came down, she wasn't as big as I thought. Aunt Clara was a crippled woman in her day." Name: Madeline Kippenhuck

Maiden name: Clarke

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: March 31st, 1934

Place of Birth: Bolster's Rock. Also lived at George's Cove and Francis Harbour Bight.

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept, Greenhouse Worker

Children: Doreen Curl, Hazel Paul, Wallace Kippenhuck, Clyde Kippenhuck, Douglas Kippenhuck, Philip Kippenhuck (deceased), Elsie Kippenhuck, Winston Kippenhuck, Nellie Kippenhuck, Della Kippenhuck, Vivian Kippenhuck

"The most interesting thing was when I got married to Samuel Kippenhuck on October 4th, 1950. I was only 16 years old then. We got married at George's Cove and kept up the wedding at Aunt Susan Wards'. We had a big dance after at our home. It wasn't all completed but we were there until 4 o'clock in the morning. We had a wonderful time and I wouldn't mind doing it all over again."

Name: Robert Kippenhuck

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 30th, 1925

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Mabel Cadwell, Melvin Kippenhuck, Pansy Strugnell, Clifford Kippenhuck, Donald Kippenhuck, Emma Wolfrey, Harvey Kippenhuck, Nancy Gidge, Velma Burden, Carol Kippenhuck, Darlene Ward, Boyd Kippenhuck

"When I was a young fellow, before I got married, we lived at George's Cove. I left one weekend to go to Port Hope Simpson to see my girlfriend, Annie. On my way back home to George's Cove I got lost in a snow storm and had to spend the night out. I made a hole in the snow and pulled the dogs in too and stayed until morning. I boiled the kettle and then started to look for my way back. I knew where I was when I came to Cooper's Island and from there found my way back home. When I got to the house, I had to crawl inside because where I got my clothes wet it was all frozen. It was good to get back into a nice warm house."

Name: Royden Kippenhuck

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: January 14th, 1939

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson. Also lived at George's Cove, Sandy Hook and Pinsent's Arm.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Irwin Kippenhuck, Valerie Campbell, Blanche Penney, Brian Kippenhuck, Yvonne Kippenhuck

"On February 26th, 1960, Thelma Strugnell and I decided we would get married. Our wedding took place here in Port Hope Simpson and was kept up at my parent's house. My parents were gone to Carbonear for the winter months at the time of the wedding. There were no big places to keep up wedding, then so most weddings were kept up in someone's home. The first table would be set for the bridal party, then who ever came after would have a lunch. We had a wonderful time."

Name: William H. Kippenhuck

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: January 14th, 1939

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson. Also lived in George's Cove.

Livelihood: Fished, Plant worker

Children: Barry Kippenhuck, Sylvia Sampson, Bernard Kippenhuck, Renee Kippenhuck, Keith Kippenhuck Name: George Parr

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: March 31st, 1920

Place of Birth: Roaches Rock, Also lived in Indian Tickle, Ship Harbour and Sandy Hook.

Livelihood: Fished, Cook, Woodsman

Children: Carl Parr, Rosalie Turnbull, Wayne Parr

Name: Myrtle Parr

Maiden name: Rumbolt

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: June 4th, 1937

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson. Also lived at Matthew's Cove, Lewis' Bay and Sandy Hook.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Zonya Hillier, Hayward Parr, Donald Parr, Edward Parr, Marilyn Penney, Kevin Parr, Stephen Parr, Jeanette Parr, Irene Parr

"It was in August, 1990, when Bob, Tyson and I were going from Port Hope Simpson to Sandy Hook. Tyson is my grandson. He was only a year old at the time. It was pouring down rain and the wind was blowing hard. When we got down to the Brandys', we struck a rock and broke the tail of the motor. We had to row to the shore. We never had any matches or rubber clothes, only two small pieces of plastic. We used one piece of plastic to wrap Tyson and the other piece to keep the rain off me. When we got to the island Bob gathered a few things to make a fire. He took the spark plug out and used a piece of rag with gas on it to start the fire. Then he ran up from the boat to light the fire. When he looked back the motor was on fire. Tyson and I were still in the boat so he lit the fire and hurried back to put the fire in the motor out. It was getting dark so we stayed there until about 1 o'clock in the morning. The rain stopped and the wind dropped out. So Bob decided to start skulling toward home. He was skulling for a long time, then took a break but the boat was drifting back. So he had to start skulling again. We made it to Southern Island and put the graplin down and we fell asleep until daylight. Then he skulled until we got down to Ship's Harbour head. When we got down there a couple of young fellows, Sherman and Bradley, were there jigging. So, they took us in tow and brought us back to Sandy Hook. We were very grateful to be back home safely."

Name: Rachel Parr

Maiden name: Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: July 26, 1926

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: David Parr, Elizabeth Hicks, William Parr, Alex Parr, Dennis Parr

"I had a really bad hip for a while. I couldn't get around without a cane and couldn't sleep at night because of so much pain and discomfort. It seemed to be getting worst all the time. So on June 27th, 1997, I decided to go to Comer Brook and have a hip replacement done. I spent 14 days in the hospital before they took the stitches out. Then they sent me to St. Anthony for 5 more days before I came home. The surgery seemed to be a success. So on February 9th, 1998, I went back to Comer Brook and had a knee replacement done. This time I spent a month in the hospital. I had to do a lot of exercise before I could get around good but it was well worth it."

Name: Robert Parr

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: : July 12th, 1929

Place of Birth: Indian Tickle. Also lived at Sandy Hook.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Zoyna Hillier, Hayward Parr, Donald Parr, Edward Parr, Marilyn Penney, Kevin Parr, Stephen Parr, Jeanette Parr, Irene Parr

"When I was a young fellow, Roy, Winston, my brother, George and I went out to Sandy Hook to go fishing and hunting in the fall of the year. We had a look around that evening but there wasn't too many birds around, only enough for a meal in the night. The next morning we left early and went down to the Cape. We figured we would get the birds when they fly up. We got about 20 ducks and a few more birds plus a few fish that day. We stayed for a couple of days and then left to come back to Port Hope Simpson. When we got up the run so far we saw a large company of ducks. We started to go toward them and the engine cut out for gas. The birds were nearly in shot so I grabbed the can to put oil in the tank. When I did, oil went everywhere, all over the motor and knocked the wire of the motor and started a fire. I dropped the can and oil sprayed all over my face. The fire spread all over me and in the bottom of the boat. George grabbed the can that was all on fire and threw it overboard. We had canvas aboard that we stamped down around the motor to put the fire out. My mitts were on fire and when I pulled them off it took the skin all of the back of my hand. We managed to get the fire out but now all the gas was gone and we were left with only one skulling ore. There was no one around so we had to skull from Bakeapple Island to Rexon's Cove. We took turns skulling and it took us 3 hours to get there. Aunt Dorcus Larkham bandaged my hand up and we got oil from some of the boys and a cup of tea. Then we were on our way again. We made it back safely around 6 o'clock in the evening."

Name: Clara Penney

Maiden name: Burden

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: June 19th, 1918

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Mary's Harbour and Battle Harbour.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: : Chamberlain Penney, Ruby Savory, Bernice Batt (deceased), Melvin Penney, Cyril Penney, Fred Penney, Alfreda Martin, Wallie Roberts, Irene Hiscock, Lorraine Lam, Pauline Penney, Ricky Penney (deceased), Terry Penney, Brian Penney

"I was 15 years old when I started working. My first jobs were doing housework for different people at Battle Harbour. My first pay was 2 dollars a month for working. The biggest pay I got was 15 dollars a month when I worked with the Baine Johnson Company. I went to Mary's Harbour after and worked at the hospital there until I was 20 years old. I went to Francis Harbour Bight for my holidays one time where I met Ellis Penney. A few weeks later we ended up getting married. Ellis was 25 years old and I was 20 years old at that time. We then started our family. We had 14 children."

Name: Eldred Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: : September 18th, 1934

Place of Birth: Francis Harbour

Livelihood: Business

Children: Bradley Penney

"I go fishing on the Alexis every summer and I hope God doesn't deduct that from my time. My most famous day, "a 15 pounder"." Name: Eliza Penney

Maiden name: Russell

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: December 25th, 1927

Place of Birth: Rexon's Cove. Also lived in Boddern Cove

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Janet Larkham, Ross Penney, Stella Kippenhuck, Lemuel Penney, Jr., Lester Penney, Dino Penney

"When I was 11 years old, my mom got sick one day. I had to cook dinner. So I fried pancakes and burned some of them. Dad said, "After everyone is finished you have to eat the rest of the pancakes." But I was putting them down inside my rubbers. I did that until the pancakes were gone. Dad said, "I knew you were going to eat them." But when I told them what I did, they had some laugh at me. I guess I fooled them."

Name: Gordon Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: June 19th, 1929

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Gilbert's Bay and Murray's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Guy Penney (deceased), Lillian Chubbs, Judy Kippenhuck, Beverley Russell, Ruth Penney, Vida Edmunds, Loretta Goodyear, Gordie Penney, Glen Penney, Dale Penney

"After I married Shirley, we moved to Murray's Harbour. I went fishing in Murray's Harbour in the year of 1956 and fished until the fishery closed. The fishery closed in the year of 1992. Boy, it was very sad for me. I have a lot of money spent in the fishery. Now it's no more good to use or even for my family. I spent 61 summers in the boat, never missed a day fishing. We had a crew of five men including myself and I made forty cod traps on my own." Name: Hazel Penney

Maiden name: Parr

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: May 29th, 1924

Place of Birth: Indian Tickle

Livelihood: Housekept, Fished

Children: Ivy Warren, Jean Poole, Lydia Strugnell, Nita Hillier, Lloyd Penney, Wilfred Penney, Miriam Spearing, Oliver Penney, John Penney, Peggy Earle, Ada Powell, Martin Penney, Clayton Penney (adopted)

"When I was young we would make most of the clothes for our children by hand machine. We would make blankets and save feathers to make pillows. Most people wore seal skin boots. There wasn't a lot of money to spend back then. People also had their own remedies for cuts and colds."

Name: Iris Penney

Maiden name: Baikie

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: April 4th, 1909

Place of Birth: North West River

Livelihood: Worked with Grenfell and also the Hudson Bay Company.

Children: Anna Notley ( adopted)

"The most interesting thing that happened in my life was when I was younger and could go rabbit catching and could use the gun to kill my own fresh."

Name: John C. Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: August 8th, 1920

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Cuffing wood, Fished

Children: Alma Notley (adopted)

"The most interesting thing was when I worked in the woods cutting pulp wood. We did the cutting in the Winter and Spring. Summer time the boat would come into Port Hope Simpson and we would put wood on it. We also cut wood at Lewis' Bay and the boat would come into Lewis' Bay and take the wood from there. The wood was took out to be sold."

Name: Thomas Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: August 1st, 1925

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Gilbert's Bay.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Marie Young, Gerald Penney, Laura Strugnell, Louise Kippenhuck, Joyce Penney, Cecil Penney, Yvonne Kippenhuck, Thomas Penney, Jr. and Aubrey Penney

Name: Lemuel Penney, Sr.

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: October 18th, 1917

Place of Birth: Indian Islands, Nfld. Also lived in Gander, Deer Lake and Corner Brook.

Livelihood: Woods work, Fished, Hydro Plant Worker

Children: : Janet Larkham, Ross Penney, Stella Kippenhuck, Lemuel Penney Jr., Lester Penney, Dino Penney

"A few years ago my brother went down the bay hunting in a small boat that he built. He was gone a long time. So we went to look for him. We found the boat ashore. His gloves were tucked in the gullens of the boat and the motor was on the stop position. His gun was gone so we figured he must have fired the gun and knocked him overboard. His body was in the water for five days. On the 5th day, I made a rig. It was an iron bar with chain and fish hooks on it. There were men there from everywhere dragging for the body. George Rowe and I were in one boat. The mounties came over and wanted us to move farther out the cove but I wouldn't go. I figured the body had to be in the area we were. There was a little draft of wind on the water but George saw a calm spot in the water. So I said, "Lets have a try there." After a few jigs, I felt something at the other end. As soon as I felt it there was something like electricity went through me. I said to George, "That's him." I pulled him to the surface but lost him again. The next time we pulled him aboard our boat. Earlier that day the mounties told us that this would be the last day to look for him. I couldn't give up until the body was found. It was one of the biggest shocks that I ever got but I was glad that the body was found."

Name: Marjorie A. Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 22nd, 1924

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Missionary Work

"The most interesting thing was when I was in the missionary. I started in the missionary in the year of 1953. I traveled all over Newfoundland and the mainland (St. John, New Brunswick). I came to Port Hope Simpson and preached the gospel and took part in Sunday School. I was the missionary for twenty - five years."

Name: Roy Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: August 22nd, 1922

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Ship's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Worked at the Pulp wood

"Christmas season has changed a lot since my grandparent's day. The boys of the family would get the Christmas tree. Christmas morning everyone would be very excited to see what they would get. Usually it would be a piece of Christmas cake, apple, orange or some peppermint knobs. One of the first gifts that I remember was a Jack-in-the-box and we appreciated the gifts that we got. Today children take things for granted and don't appreciate things like we did." Name: Shirley Penney

Maiden name: Poole

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: April 7th, 1939

Place of Birth: Murray's Harbour. Also lived at Lewis' Bay and Fox Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Lillian Chubbs, Guy Penney (deceased), Judy Kippenhuck, Dale Penney, Beverly Russell, Ruth Penney, Vida Edmunds, Glen Penney, Loretta Goodyear, Gordie Penney

"In 1956, Gordon and I decided to get married. We hired a dog team from William's Harbour to take us from Fox Harbour to Port Hope Simpson where the wedding would take place. We left Fox Harbour in the morning and never made it to Port Hope Simpson until eleven hours later. The going was really bad because it was after a big mild. Gordon had to walk ahead of the dogs all the way in. Our wedding took place on April 23rd, 1956. We had a long hard trip to get there but it was well worth it."

Name: Wallie A. Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: December 1st, 1933

Place of Birth: Indian Island, Nfld.

Livelihood: Housework

Children: Clifton Penney, Edward Penney (deceased), Ivan Penney, Phyllis Penney, Sheila Davis, Diane Penney, Eileen Penney, Scott Penney, Bernice Penney, Barry Penney

"I got married in Port Hope Simpson on April 4th, 1955. My husband's name is Barton Penney. We had a nice wedding, invited all the people in our community. We had our wedding at my husband's mom's house. Her name is Annie Penney." Name: Benjamin Rowe

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: December 9th, 1929

Place of Birth: : Carbonear. Also lived at William's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Bella Rowe, Rosetta Kippenhuck, John Rowe

"I was born at Carbonear, Nfld in 1929. My dad used to come to Labrador fishing in Frances Harbour Bight. Dad married Sara Isabella Russell from William's Harbour, Labrador. Then we stayed there and built our home. My mom died when I was 18 years old. I found that very hard. Eva, my oldest sister, married Hector Dyhe, the year after mom died. Hector was the teacher at William's Harbour. My brother, George, was home with us. He was 3 years younger than me. I had a younger sister Susie. She was 10 years old when mom died. She is married and living in Montreal. I met Ursula Clarke in 1958 and we got married January 31, 1958. We had three children: 2 girls and 1 boy. We had a happy live together. Now we are seniors all alone. But I'm thankful for almost 70 years and I still have my health and strength and am able to work. I might be able to live 90 years like my dear old Aunt Dorcas. She is the only one left of mom's family. We love her so much."

Name: George Rowe

Community: Port Hope SImpson

Birth Date: February 4th, 1932

Place of Birth: Carbonear, Newfoundland

Livelihood: Fishing, Skipper on the Bella Rosetta doing charters

"In Christmas, 1997, I had the opportunity to visit Toronto. While I was there, I went to the Hockey Hall Of Fame and actually put my hand on the Stanley Cup. Another interesting thing was going to Niagara Falls. It was a beautiful sight. For the past two years I have been involved in a survey that is being conducted through the Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland. This survey is to determine how much the fish in Gilbert's Bay and Shinney's grow and if they stay there all winter. Dr. John Green and I have operated on the fish and put transmitters in their stomachs so that they can be tracked. This is very interesting to me because of spending all my life involved in the fishery."

Name: Marjorie Rowe

Maiden name: Penney

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: November 23rd, 1926

Place of Birth: Indian Islands, Nfld.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Tony Penney, Doreen Parr, Kevin Penney, Wanda Parr

Name: Ursula Rowe

Maiden name: Clarke

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: April 24th, 1939

Place of Birth: Bolster's Rock. Also lived in William's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Bella Rowe, Rosetta Kippenhuck, John Rowe

"I was born at Bolster's Rock, Labrador, on April 24th, 1939. My dad died when 1 was about 5 years old so mom was left with 5 small children to raise on her own. After dad died, we moved to Port Hope Simpson where her parents lived. She found it very hard trying to rear us up all alone. In the summer time when we got old enough to work we would have to go where ever we could find work. It was very hard to leave mom in the spring and scatter around everywhere. We would he so happy to get home together in the fall. I met Ben Rowe when I was 19 and we got married on January 3lst, 1958, at Port Hope Simpson. I had 3 children who are all grown and married now. I have 2 grandchildren and will have another in June. My oldest daughter, Bella, is a Special Ed. Teacher in Rigolet, Labrador. My second daughter, Rosetta, is a counselor at the group home for young offenders at Goose Bay. My only son, John, is a pilot with Air Labrador. We had a great life but now we are seniors and left all alone."

Name: Alice Rumbolt

Maiden name: Parsons

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: January 6th, 1925

Place of Birth: St. Anthony

Livelihood: Serving girl, Hospital work

Children: Eric Rumbolt, Gloria Best, Judy Rumbolt, Stafford Rumbolt, Pamela Pilgrim, Watson Rumbolt, Carlton Rumbolt, Triffina Rumbolt (adopted)

"In 1958, my family and I were moving to Sloop Cove for the summer months. When we got part of the way down there, the ice had our way blocked. We ended up staying on an island for the night. We never had a tent or anything to stay in, but we made it through the night alright. The next morning the ice moved off and we made it safely to Sloop Cove."

Name: Harold Rumbolt

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: April 4th, 1926

Place of Birth: Hatter's Cove. Also lived in Battle Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Eric Rumbolt, Watson Rumbolt, Gloria Best, Judy Rumbolt, Pamela Pilgrim, Stafford Rumholt, Carlton Rumbolt, Triffina Rumbolt.

"I worked for Mr. Patey on a tractor in the year of 1974. As I was working the tractor almost turned over and I had to jump out of the tractor. When I jumped I landed on a rock and my knee slipped out of place. I had to fly to St. Anthony and spend about a month there." Name: Charlotte Russell

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: May 3rd, 1934

Place of Birth: Francis Harbour Bight

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Charlie Russell, Loretta Mangrove, Marie Poole, Samuel Russell, Clifford Russell, Bella Curl, Dean Russell

"When I first got married, I hooked a lot of mats. I found it very interesting. I hooked them for myself but did not sell them. I had 12 hooked mats that were never used when my house burned down. That happened in September of 1971.1 lost all of my things. Lost interest in my work at that time and I hooked only one mat since that."

Name: Clifford Russell

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: March 15th, 1930

Place of Birth: William's Harbour

Livelihood: Fished, Woodwork

Children: Charlie Russell, Loretta Mangrove, Marie Poole, Samuel Russell, Clifford Russell, Jr., Bella Curl, Dean Russell

"When I was a young fellow, about 45 years ago, I had my own dog team. I heard Charlottetown was having their first Sports Day so I decided to put my team in the race. There were three teams of us; George Rowe, Donald Campbell and myself. The teams had to race down the bay so far and back again. I never thought that I had a chance to win but to my surprise we were ahead all the way and I ended up wining the race. I was very excited about that."

Name: Harold Russell

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: January 6th, 1927

Place of Birth: Rexon's Cove. Also lived at William's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Francis Russell, Henry Russell, Rosalind Rumbolt, Edward Russell, Phyllis Penney, Peter Russell, Colleen Russell

Name:Jacob Russell

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: December 11th, 1925

Place of Birth: William's Harbour. Also lived at Rexon's Cove, Goose Bay and Roddickton.

Livelihood: Fished, Woodsman, Trapping

Children: Gary Russell, Kirk Russell, Nicole Russell

"The most interesting thing I did in my lifetime was fishing and trapping. I spent about thirty years trapping all kinds of furs. I still have my trapper's license but the past four to five years, I never did any trapping because the price of fur went down. It wasn't worth doing anymore. I would fish in the summer and go trapping in the winter. In the spring we would build a boat. My sons and I are cutting sticks now to build another boat."

Name: Maude Russell

Maiden name: Burden

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 1st, 1935

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at William's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Fish Plant Worker

Children: Belinda Sampson, Mary Penney, Gary Russell, Christine Penney

Name: James Sampson

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: February 16, 1923

Place of Birth: Hatter's Cove, Lewis' Bay. Also lived at Mary's Harbour and Battle Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Wharf manager, School janitor

Children: Viola Lawless, Mary-Hannah Barrett, Julia Penney, Pearl Sampson, Aubrey Sampson (deceased), Hedley Sampson, Victor Sampson, Darnell Sampson (adopted)

"One time I went to Battle Harbour for a load of freight for Raymond Hiscock. He sent Ray Clarke with me. We left Frances Harbour 9 o'clock in the morning and arrived at Battle Harbour around 11 o'clock. I picked up the supplies and loaded them on the boat. I told Ray Clarke to go and get five gallons of mixed gas. When he came back I said to him, "We will go over to my brother Harry's for lunch before we leave." Then we left and headed for home. When we got to Big Island outside of Battle Harbour, I said to Ray, "We'll put the fuel in the tank now before we go any further," because I thought it might blow or something. I went to get the oil tank and couldn't find it anywhere. Ray had the oil tank left on Baffle Harbour wharf. So we had to go back again. We put the fuel in the tank and were on our way again. When we got to Double Island the fog came in. We were out there then with no compass and the fog got so thick you couldn't see anything and the wind was blowing really hard. Anyway, we made it to Merchant's Harbour and spent the night. The next morning the weather was better and we made it back safely to Frances Harbour."

Name: Marjorie Sampson

Maiden name: Rumbolt

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 2nd, 1931

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour. Also lived at Lewis' Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Hospital Worker.

Children: Donald Sampson, Andrew Sampson, Lloyd Sampson, Alton Sampson, Larry Sampson, Clifford Sampson, Edmund Sampson, Christine Parr, Lillian Rumbolt, Angela Penney

"In the summer time, my husband Charles, and I would go to Sloop Cove to go fishing. My youngest daughter, Christine, would stay with Angela, my older daughter, while we would go out in boat. We would leave early in the morning and stay on the fishing grounds for most of the day. We would come in and work in the stage until all the fish was put away. We would get all of our partridge berries and bakeapples for the winter before we would come back to Port Hope Simpson in the fall. Those were the good old days and I enjoyed it very much."

Name: Ida Strugnell

Maiden name: Russell

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: March 1st, 1923

Place of Birth: Carbonear. Also lived at William's Harbour and Rexon's Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Thelma Kippenhuck, Simon Strugnell, Robert Strugnell, Andrew Strugnell, Dorothy Clarke, Ronald Strugnell, Mildred Penney, William Strugnell, Edward Strugnell (deceased), Mary Strugnell (deceased), Austin Strugnell (deceased) Name: David Thuriot

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: July 5th, 1915

Place of Birth: St. Theresa, Nfld. Also lived at Roddickton.

Livelihood: Woodwork, Laborer

Children: Patricia Tobin, Margaret Carnie, Mary Bromley, Jerode Thuriot, Regina LaSaua, Patsy Holley (deceased), David Paul, Wayde Paul, Bertha Holley, Craig Paul

"In 1962, I had the flu for a month and it turned to pneumonia and I had to go to St. Anthony for a check-up. The doctor found out that I had apses on the lung so he had to do surgery. Seventeen days later air got into the lung so they had to operate again because the lung collapsed. Then I ended up having to use an oxygen tank. My kidneys were gone too, so I had to use tubing and a water bag. Now I have arthritis too along with the rest of my problems."

Name: Flora Ward

Maiden name: Kippenhuck

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: October 25th, 1924

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Little Bay Islands, Springdale.

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Josiah Ward, Annie Paul

"In my younger years before I got married I couldn't work at the fish very much because I was allergic to it. My hands would get bad every time I touched it. My hands got so bad one time that they had to send me to Mary's Harbour hospital for treatment." Name: Gordon Ward

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: January 17th, 1937

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Ship's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Priscilla Keefe, Gordon Ward Jr., Bert Ward (deceased), Naomi Ward (deceased), Susan Kippenhuck, Denley Ward, William Ward, Glen Ward, Mary-Hannah Russell, Judy Ward

"On Christmas Eve, 1955, Julia Russell and I got married here in Port Hope Simpson. We kept up our wedding at my mother's, Susie Wards house, where we lived for a while. There were no ski-doos around then, only dog teams. So we went every where on dog team. After the wedding we had a dance and had a great time."

Name: Julia Ward

Maiden name: Russell

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: October 30th, 1937

Place of Birth: Battle Harbour

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Priscilla Keefe, Gordon Ward, Bert Ward (deceased), Naomi Ward (deceased), Susan Kippenhuck, Denley Ward, William Ward, Glen Ward, Mary-Hannah Russell, Judy Ward

"About 30 years ago I started going in the boat fishing. No matter how rough it was, I was always in the boat when it moved from the wharf. I was always seasick and threw up but I never stayed in on the land. I helped to haul the salmon nets, gill nets and also the traps. When there was nothing in the traps we went jigging. I fished until the season closed and I fished with my son on the end. I never got the TAGS, what a lot of people got. I deserved it more than some people who got it. At least I worked for it."

Name: Wallace Ward

Community: Port Hope Simpson

Birth Date: September 16th, 1932

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Fished

Children: April Ward, Rosie Ward, Serena Ward, Wallace Ward, Jr.

"On January 24th, 1972, Minnie Notley and I got married here in Port Hope Simpson. We kept up our wedding at my parent's house and had a dance after at the Anglican school. We had a great time. We moved in our own house the next year and started our family. We had 4 children: 3 girls and 1 boy." Section 5

William's Harbour

Name: Laura Flynn

Maiden name: Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: February 14th, 1939

Place of Birth: Rexon's Cove. Also lived at Forteau, Goose Bay and Sandy Cove.

Livelihood: Fish Plant Worker

Children: Brent Flynn, Tommy Flynn, Stephen Flynn (deceased), Reggie Flynn, Jason Flynn

Name: Dorcas Larkham

Maiden name: Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: December 2nd, 1908

Place of Birth: William's Harbour. Also lived at Rexon's Cove.

Livelihood: Housekept, Fished

Children: Cyril Russell, Clifford Russell, Graham Russell, Mildred Campbell, William Larkham, Carl Larkham Bella Penney, Harold Larkham, Paul Larkham, Hayward Larkham (deceased), Bernice Larkham (deceased)

"I was coming from Pinsent's Arm to William's Harbour from a wedding on a dog team with Leonard Russell. On the way home we fell in the water. We were in the water for about two hours. The dogs would pull us out and we would fall in again. After we got on good ice we had to go back to Pinsent's Arm again. Two people came to look for us. They came so far in boat and the rest of the way on dogs. Stanley Campbell took us to George's Cove by boat. That's how we got home."

Name: Dora Penney

Maiden name: Ward

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: August 28th, 1938

Place of Birth: George's Cove

Livelihood: Fish Plant Worker

Children: Evelyn Hedderson, Micheal Penney (adopted)

"I left William's Harbour, on Sept 7, 1998, to go to Nova Scotia. It was very interesting to me. I left by CN boat (Northern Ranger), went to St. Anthony and stayed there for three days. Myself and my husband, Sam, my daughter and her husband left St. Anthony by truck, drove to Port-Aux-Basques, got on a ferry and went to Sydney. We were on the ferry all night. We drove to Sydney, Nova Scotia and stayed there for six months. After being there for six months I wanted to go home. So we drove to Goose Bay by truck. We stayed in Goose Bay for two weeks, connected with a plane and went to Port Hope Simpson. After being there for a few days, we got on a ski-doo and went back home to William's Harbour. That was on March 11, 1999. I really enjoyed my trip and saw very interesting things. Never seen very much snow in Nova Scotia, not like we have at home."

Name: Samuel Penney

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: January 31st, 1928

Place of Birth: Rexon's Cove. Also lived at Francis Harbour Bight.

Livelihood: Fished, Post Master, Air Labrador Agent

Children: Evelyn Hedderson, Micheal Penney (adopted)

"I spent 15 years at Rexon's Cove. Then I moved to Port Hope Simpson for the winter months. I spent 21 summers at Francis Harbour Bight. Then we moved to William's Harbour and I fished with my father until he passed away. Then I went to work here at William's Harbour as Post master and Air Labrador Agent for 30 years until I retired. Then we moved to Nova Scotia for 6 months with our daughter, Evelyn, and her family. I really enjoyed my trip there but I would rather be living here in William's Harbour."

Name: Cyril Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: February 24th, 1928

Place of Birth: William's Harbour. Also lived at Rexon's Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

"I got caught in a storm in motor boat at Long Arm with Graham and Arthur. I had to spend the night and ran out of food. The next morning we walked to Sandy Hook to look for food and were found by three other people the next day." Name: Graham Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: May 13th, 1937

Place of Birth: William's Harbour. Also lived at Rexon's Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Scott Russell, Susie Strugnell, Ruth Burden, Donna Strugnell, Dorcas Humphries, Darlene Curl, Graham Russell, Jr.

"I went to Goose Bay to the Winter Games in the year of 1986 and took part in the dog team race. I got a Bronze medal. There were six dog teams in the race."

Name: Greta Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: November 22nd, 1936

Place of Birth: Mary's Harbour. Also lived in Rexon's Cove.

Livelihood: Housekept, Knitting

Children: Bertha Russell, Carter Russell, Glen Russell

Name: Norman Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: March 3rd, 1931

Place of Birth: Rexon's Cove. Also lived at Port Hope Simpson and Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Fished

Name: William Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: August 10th, 1934

Place of Birth: William's Harbour. Also lived at Main Brook and Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Heavy Equipment Operator, Fishing

Children: Lorraine Smith

"In 1953, I left Goose Bay and went into the army. It was my first time to a big city when I got to Montreal. There were thousands of cars, street lights and large buildings. This was all very interesting to me coming from a small town like William's Harbour. In 1957, I went to Fort Worth, Texas, where I stayed for 6 months. From there I had to go into the desert Mcgrequer, New Mexico, for training to use a 90 Hercules guided missile. Then we went to Churchill, Manitoba, and did a cold weather test on firing."

Name: Fred Sooley

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: February 14th, 1934

Place of Birth: Hearts Delight, Trinity Bay. Also lived at Port Hope Simpson and Corner Brook

Livelihood: School Teacher, Service Station Worker, Nfld Tractor Equipment, Accounting work for fish plant

Children: Gary Sooley, Stephen Sooley, Loretta Snook, Patsy Sooley, Karen Sooley, Russell Sooley

"In 1954, I was fishing on Shinneys' with Andrew and Ida Strugnell. Susie Russell and I were planning on getting married in the fall. The minister would come only once a month to visit or have church. So when he came on Oct 1, 1954, he said to me, "If you want to get married it would have to be now." It was on Saturday and we were working in the stage putting away fish at the time. We never had any plans made or anything. So we came across to William's Harbour and tried to get things ready, I had to run down to George's Cove to get Becky Penney to come up for bridesmaid. That's who Susie wanted. After the ceremony Uncle Sam fired the gun right next to my head. I thought my head was gone. What a awful noise! Uncle Jacob Penney gave us the only bottle of whisky that we had. We had a lovely wedding and everything turned out alright, but the next morning there was a big storm. Uncle Jacob's boat was caught in the storm and we were all trying to save it. The winds were so high that the boat ran ashore and beat up on the rocks. The next thing I knew there was a big rock that came down on top of my head. I thought it was my father in law trying to do damage! The storm lasted for three days and so we spent our honeymoon at home because we couldn't get out anywhere in boat."

Name: Susie Sooley

Maiden name: Russell

Community: William's Harbour

Birth Date: February 3rd, 1936

Place of Birth: Rexon's Cove. Also lived at Trinity Bay and Corner Brook.

Livelihood: Woolworths, Bakery, Fish Plant

Children: Gary Sooley, Stephen Sooley, Loretta Snook, Patsy Sooley, Karen Sooley, Russell Sooley

"When I was a child we were never allowed to go to a Sport's Day. The first time that I went was the year we got married. My husband and I went to Mary's Harbour on dog team."

Section 6

Charlottetown

Name: Emma Campbell

Maiden name: Andrews

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: July 10th, 1924

Place of Birth: Middle Arm, Nfld. Also lived at Pacquet

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Melvie Norman, Daphne Park, Glenys Sacrey, Patsy Randell, Carl Loveman, Leonard Loveman

"I was happily married twice and raised my children."

Name: Frank Clark

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: February 28th, 1929

Place of Birth: Caplin Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Labour

Children: Ruby Williams, Eugene Clark, Betty Goudie, Alma Clark, Elsie Russell, Lester Clark, Daphne Turnbull, Frankie Clark, Ruth Applin

"The most interesting thing was when I worked on a whaling factory in Hawke's Harbour. I was 13 years old. I would give coal to the whalers. That was used instead of fuel. I did that for one season."

Name: Jessie Clark

Maiden name: Roberts

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: March 21st, 1932

Place of Birth: Partridge Bay. Also lived at Port Hope Simpson.

Livelihood: Housekept, Fished

Children: Sheila Williams

"When I could go out at the fish, in September month, it was very interesting to me. We would take the fish in our boat to an island, so the dogs wouldn't be able to get at it. When we would get there we would spread the fish on the rocks to dry. It was good to get out of the house for awhile, to get away from the house work. That was the good old days."

Name: Mary Clark

Maiden name: Kippenhuck

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: March 31st, 1933

Place of Birth: St. Micheal's Bay. Also lived at Square Island

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Ruby Williams, Eugene Clark, Betty Goudie, Alma Clark, Elsie Russell, Lester Clark, Daphne Turnbull, Frankie Clark, Ruth Applin

"The most interesting thing that happened to me was about 40 years ago when I became a Christian."

Name: Henry Hillyard

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: May 3rd, 1937

Place of Birth: Red Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Labour, Maintenance

"I left Charlottetown on March 27, 1999, at 9:45 in the morning to go to Red Bay. It was 182 kms. It took me three and a half hours to get there. It was excellent driving."

Name: Florence Kippenhuck

Maiden name: Hutchings

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: March 7th, 1934

Place of Birth: Blaketown, Nfld. Also lived in Conception Bay.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Marion Mention, Clara French, Samuel Kippenhuck, Harvey Kippenhuck, Gladys Lambourne, Lester Kippenhuck, Vivian Davis, Lillian Hancock, Glenda Buckle, Kathy Cooper, Valerie Kippenhuck (deceased)

"The most interesting thing was when I first met Paul Kippenhuck and got married on July 13th, 1953. We went to George's Cove and got married. After we got married, we went back to Square Island and kept up our wedding in his father's new house." Name: John Kippenhuck

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: November 21st, 1930

Place of Birth: St. Micheal's Bay. Also lived at Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Plant Operator

Children: Patsy Stone, Marilyn Bridle, Edmund Kippenhuck, Florence Hillier, Carl Kippenhuck, L Penney, Myra Kelsey, George Kippenhuck, Gay Penney, Elizabeth Rose

"The most interesting thing was on April 16th, 1959, when I accepted the Lord as my Saviour and on April 14th, 1955, when I married my wife, Winnie."

Name: Paul Kippenhuck

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: November 21st, 1930

Place of Birth: St. Micheal's Bay. Also lived at Carbonear and Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Boat builder, Carpenter

Children: Valerie Kippenhuck (deceased), Marion Beetrus, Clara French, Samuel Kippenhuck, Harvey Kippenhuck, Gladys Lamboume, Lester Kippenhuck, Vivian Davis, Lillian Hancock, Glenda Buckle, Kathy Cooper

"The first longliner that I built was here in Charlottetown. It was called the Miss Charlottetown and the second longliner was the Blanche Marie. I just framed that one out. Everything was done with axe, hand plane and a spoke shave. I used one electric drill that was run from Uncle Ben Powell's generator. I built close to 60 boats in my lifetime."

Name: Winnie Kippenhuck

Maiden name: Campbell

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: March 21st, 1934

Place of Birth: St. Micheal's Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Cook, Handicrafts

Children: Patsy Stone, Marilyn Bridle, Edmund Kippenhuck, Florence Hillier, Carl Kippenhuck, Lydia Penney, Myra Kelsey, George Kippenhuck, Gay Penney, Elizabeth Rose

"When I was 9 years old, Jim, my adopted brother, Maggie and I went trouting one day. My father always told us to stay away from bad ice while we were up there. Maggie got in the water and I had to try and get her out. I had a stick that I held out for her to hold on to and had to stay with her while Jim went to get help. When the men came back they had ropes that they put around her and pulled her out."

Name: Olive Marshall

Maiden name: Campbell

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: September 23rd, 1931

Place of Birth: Triangle. Also lived at St. Micheal's Bay

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Winnie Fitzgerald, Bessy Michelin, Melvina Elliott, John Marshall, Rose Williams, Sivella Marshall, Linda Cull, Margaret Stone, Alex Marshall, Sharon Marshall

Name: Druscilla Morris

Maiden name: Hopkins

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: July 22nd, 1926

Place of Birth: Seal Island. Also lived at Cartwrigbt, Shoal Bay and Partridge Bay.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Alton Morris, Harriot Mcgurk, Chesley Morris, Minnie Morris, William Morris, Rose Dyson, Dorothy Colbourn, Richard Morris, Sidney Morris, Fanny Campbell, Effie Clarke

"I enjoy doing my knitting. I do a lot of knitting for the family and I give some out for Christmas gifts."

Name: James H. Morris

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: February 20th, 1923

Place of Birth: Seal Island.

Livelihood: Fished

"Trapping was very interesting to me. I spent a good many winters trapping fur and selling it." Name: George Noel

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: April 22nd, 1939

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson. Also lived at Green Bay, Henley Harbour, Indian Cove, Fox Harbour, Triangle, Tub Harbour, Barge Bay, Francis Harbour Bight

Livelihood: Fished

Children: George Jr., Leah, Silas, Alec Robert, Freeman, Melvina, Susanna, Barbara, Ralph, Katie, Carrie.

"One summer when I was about 10 years old I lived in Francis Harbour Bight. Me and a few other boys were on Uncle Harry Hiscock's wharf catching rockcods. One of the boys thought it would be funny to push me overboard so while my back was turned somebody pushed me off the stagehead. I could not swim so I just sank to the bottom. The boys all got afraid and took off. It just so happened that Uncle Harry was returning from the fishing ground. They tied up their boat and one of Uncle Harry's sharemen, Bob Boon, saw some bubbles coming up to the surface of the water. Bob says to Uncle Harry, "There's something down there boy." What a surprise they got when they saw it was me they had just hooked up. By this time I was unconscious and did not know what was going on. So Uncle Harry took me up to his house. There he started to roll me around on the bridge. Then he got some soda and forced it down my mouth. Then I came to and started to throw up salt water. I sat up and I was okay. Uncle Harry tapped me on the stomach and said," You will be okay boy." Yes sir, I had a close call that day but luckily no real harm was done."

Name: Benjamin Powell Sr.

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: February 28th, 1921

Place of Birth: Carbonear, Nfld. Also lived at Square Island and Campbell Cove.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapping.

Children: Irving Powell, Blanch Freeke, Ramsey Powell (deceased), Tony Powell, Benjamin Powell Jr., Sandy Powell, Marie Powell, Lewis Powell, Lester Powell

"The most thing I'm proud of was when I first came to Charlottetown. We were the first family to live here in Charlottetown and that was in the year of 1950."

Name: Susie Roberts

Maiden name: Kippenhuck

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: August 15th, 1937

Place of Birth: Square Island. Also lived at St. Micheal's Bay.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: George Roberts, Jessie Tobin, Benjamin Roberts, Mildred Roberts, Loretta Morris, Leonard Roberts, Steward Roberts, Effie Roberts, Jeanetta Roberts, Roland Roberts, John Roberts, Ina Turnbull

"It was November. We lived at Square Island for the summer months. Dad and the other men were gone up to Fishing Ship's Harbour to get 'straightened up' for their fish. My mother and I were the only ones left on the island. While the men were gone it got really rough and foggy and they had to spend a few days up there until the weather got better. We had about 25 dogs to take care of. It was a lonely time for me but I thought about mom. What if she got sick or something? But we managed until they got back. Then we moved back to Charlottetown for the winter."

Name: Alex Turnbull

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: September 9th, 1933

Place of Birth: Triangle

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Edward Turnbull, Alex Turnbull, Everett Turnbull, Kevin Turnbull, Melvin Turnbull, Darrell Turnbull, Vivian Campbell, Kimberly Cheeseman

"The most interesting thing was when I married Ina Burden on March 18th, 1959, and afterwards raised 8 children: 6 boys and 2 girls." Name: Elva Turnbull

Maiden name: Burden

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: September 22nd, 1931

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Port Hope Simpson.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Dulcie Wellion, Ross Turnbull, Hollis Turnbull, Francis Turnbull, Amelia Turnbull, Alvin Turnbull, Allister Turnbull, Yvonne Cadwell, Donna Norman, Wilton Turnbull (deceased)

"Three of my children :Amelia, Alvin and Allister are triplets."

Name: Fannie Turnbull

Maiden name: Burden

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: December 10th, 1931

Place of Birth: George's Cove. Also lived at Port Hope Simpson, Dead Island and Triangle

Livelihood: Fished, Serving girl

Children: Raymond Turnbull, Terry Turnbull, Ivan Turnbull, Shawn Turnbull, Boyce Turnbull Name: Henry Turnbull

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: April 30th 1935

Place of Birth: New York, Labrador. Also lived in New Town, Triangle and Dead Island.

Livelihood: Fished, Logging, Trapping

Children: Raymond Turnbull, Terry Turnbull, Ivan Turnbull, Shawn Turnbull, Boyce Turnbull

Name: John Turnbull

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: April 9th, 1937

Place of Birth: New York, St. Micheal's Bay. Also lived at New Town and Triangle.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Brian Turnbull, Barry Turnbull, Betty Kippenhuck, Baxter Turnbull, Boyd Turnbull, Turnbull

"I was 7 years old when I left New York, Labrador and moved to New Town, Labrador. I worked at Charlottetown cutting logs and hauling them when I was 13 years old. Two years later I came back to Charlottetown and settled there on January 26th, 1961. Annie and I got married and started a family. We had 6 children: 4 boys and 2 girls, and we have been living here every since."

Name: Samuel Turnbull

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: January 6th, 1928

Place of Birth: Hawke's Harbour

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Tom Turnbull, Paul Turnbull, Ameneious Turnbull, Samuel Turnbull, Jeffrey Turnbull, MaryAnn Snow, Joy Green, Beverly Ward

Name: Wilton Turnbull

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: May 7th, 1931

Place of Birth: St. Micheal's Bay. Also lived at New York Bay, Labrador

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Children: Dulcie Wellion, Ross Turnbull, Hollis Turnbull, Frances Turnbull, Amelia Turnbull, Alvin Turnbull, Allister Turnbull, Yvonne Cadwell, Donna Norman, Wilton Turnbull

"Early Days in Life"

"I was born in 1931, at St. Micheal's Bay, Labrador and moved to New York, Labrador, when I was two years old. We moved to New York because it was closer to Dad's trap lines. When we moved, there were no other families there for the first three or four years. In late Spring we would move out to Triangle on dog team, where we would spend our Summers fishing. We would move in the Spring because it was better for hunting then. Dad was a fisherman and trapper, and back then most people ate a lot of fish, birds and other wild meat for their main food. Back then when you moved out on the coast for fishing you took nearly everything you owned; table, chairs, stove, dogs, goats, hens, etc. Mail was handled much differently then than now. Then we got mail about once a month- by boat in the Summer and by dog team in Winter. In Winter the mailman would come to New York on dog team and usually stay at our house for the night. People living at the "Head of the Bay" had to walk fourteen miles to New York to get their mail. Back then everyone made the best of things from the little that they had and everyone helped in any way they could. We were a family of thirteen, but Dad always had plenty of food for us all. There was no such thing as government support in any form then. We grew all our own vegetables and had our own goats and hens. Dad was a very handy man. He made all his own tables, chairs, drawers, put bottoms in bread pans and made mugs from tin cans. Even tin cans were scarce then. Nothing was thrown away. Mom made all the clothes for the family. All Dad's warm clothes would be made from seal skins. Mom spent many hours alone with the family. Dad would be out on the trap lines for weeks at a time trying to get food and money to support the family. Back then even Christmas was much more appreciated than now. Most stocking stuffers were things that mom would have baked or made for us. Today those things don't look much to us, but they were more appreciated by us then than children are with everything they get now-a- days. At the age of sixteen we moved again to New Town. I was glad when we moved because there were four or five families there." Name: Asaph Wentzell

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: November 15th, 1930

Place of Birth: Daniel's Harbour. Also lived at Hawke's Bay, Tub Harbour and Hawke's Harbour

Livelihood: Fished, Fishery Officer

Children: Julie Murphy, Juanita TheoVanDoorn, Sheila Wentzell, Bruce Wentzell, Zelpha Saatrube

"The most interesting thing is when I got married."

Name: Ralph Wentzell

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: September 8th, 1925

Place of Birth: Portland Creek, Nfld. Also lived in Hawke's Bay and Tub Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Labour

Children: Bertha Wentzell, Asaph R. Wentzell, Harold Wentzell, Jim Wentzell, Rowena Wentzell

"I went to a cabin in Hawke's River and a couple of tourists were with me. We were salmon fishing at the river. We came back to the camp for dinner and took a little rest for about one hour. When we came out a bear had all of our salmon took. So we went fishing again and got some more salmon but this time we took them inside the cabin. We had our supper and retired for the night. By and by I heard some glass breaking that woke me up. All I had was a flashlight, so I shined the light. There was the bear stood up on his hinders breaking the glass. So I started to bawl and say, "Bear, get out of here!" By this time the other two had woken up. I said, "That was only a small bear." But one of the other guys said, "That didn't look very small to me!" In the mean time, the bear went out the door, just like that." Name: Joseph Williams

Community: Charlottetown

Birth Date: September 18th, 1931

Place of Birth: Otter Bay. Also lived at Hawke's Harhour.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Jessie Williams, Gerald Turnbull, George Will Williams, Asaph Williams, Lorriane Schapansky

Section 7

Pinsent 's Arm

Name: Stanley Campbell

Community: Pinsent's Arm

Birth Date: December 27th, 1923

Place of Birth: Square Island

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Harrison Campbell, Bernice Stokes, Dorothy Russell, Cyril Campbell, Mary Campbell, Dorcas Campbell, Thomas Campbell, Bella Campbell, Stanley Campbell, Jr.

Name: Cyril Clarke

Community: Pinsent's Arm

Birth Date: November 26th, 1926

Place of Birth: Caplin Bay

Livelihood: Fished, Worked at Herring Plant.

Children: Florence Bessey, Matilda Martin, Mabel Morris, Wallace Clarke, Mildred Clarke, Savella Clarke, Joyce Clarke, Daniel Clarke

Name: Daisy Clarke

Maiden name: Campbell

Community: Pinsent's Arm

Birth Date: December 22nd, 1933

Place of Birth: St. Michaels Bay. Also lived at Newtown and Square Island in the summer.

Livelihood: Housekept, Worked in fish plant, Janitor.

Children: Florence, Matilda, Mabel, Wallace, Mildred, Savella, Daniel, Joyce.

"One Saturday, I decided that I would go and visit my sister Sarah. She lived up in the bottom of Pinsent's Arm and I lived down the shore further by the tickle. We lived about a mile apart so I decided I would harness up the dog team and ride down to my sisters. I also took three of my children with me; Matilda, Mabel and Mildred. When I got down beside my sister's house, I turned over the komatik, which people did in those days so the dogs would not wander away or run around. I went inside my sister's house and had a cup of tea and a lunch. The children were outside playing and they decided to get the dogs ready to go home. So they turned the dogs around and tipped the cart right side up. The dogs were trained to run when you hit the cart. Well, Mildred got on the cart and must have struck it somehow because the dogs took off running. Mildred was only eight years old at the time, not old enough to control the dogs. Her sisters, Matilda and Savella, were yelling at her to jump off but she was too scared. Halfway up the trail towards home she managed to slide off the komatik. The dogs kept on going until they reached our house. There they rammed the komatik into the house and they were forced to stop. As for me and the children, we had to walk back home that day."

Section 8

Norman's Bay

Name: Frank Roberts

Community: Norman's Bay

Birth Date: April 19th, 1933

Place of Birth: Cox's Cove. Also lived at Venison Island and Charlottetown.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Walter Roberts/ Turnbull

"I was born at Cox's Cove in 1933. My mother, May died when I was only a week old. Her sister, Allie, took me then and raised me up. We had some tough times but I think she did her best for me and did a good job."

Name: Emily Ward

Maiden name: Marshall

Community: Norman's Bay

Birth Date: February 25th, 1924

Place of Birth: Otter Bay. Also lived at Hawke's Bay and Snug Harbour

Livelihood: Fished

Children:

Alice Ward (deceased), Alfred Ward, Charlotte Ward, Richard Ward, Gladys Ward, Violet Ward, Jessie Ward, Ezekiah Ward. Name: Sadie Ward

Community: Norman's Bay

Birth Date: December 10th, 1930

Place of Birth: Burn Pond. Also lived at Vincent Island.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Mildred Morris, Caroline Ward ( deceased), Alice Ward, Raymond Ward, Rita Ward ( deceased)

Section 9

Cartwright

Name: Gladys C. Burdette

Maiden name: Chard

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: May 29th, 1913

Place of Birth: Ailik. Also lived at Bay Roberts, Nfld and Makkovik.

Livelihood: Seamstress

Children: Harriet Moulton, Josh Burdette, Denley Burdette

"Getting married was very interesting because we had a good and happy life. My husband, Jim, and I never fought and we never raised our voices. One time I told my husband supper was ready and he raised his voice a small bit. I was so broken hearted over this, I cried all day and night. He was supposed to go to Hawke's Bay. He came back 12 o'clock that night because he felt so bad over raising his voice. I would make shut-up socks, you would put different colors of wool together and knit it."

Name: Keziah Margaret Blake

Maiden name: Williams

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: March 19th, 1927

Place of Birth: Flat Waters. Also lived at Kellick Point.

Livelihood: Fished

"When I fished it was a better life than I have now. It isn't the same without fish." Name: Phoebe Clark

Maiden name: Reeves

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: June 16th, 1924

Place of Birth: Sandy Hill Tickle

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Josephine Clark (deceased), Leonora Clark, Matilda Clark, Doug Clark, May Clark, Ralph Clark, Doreen Clark

"I came to Cartwright from Goose Bay on dog team. It was the first year Goose Bay started."

Name: Ethel O. Davis

Maiden name: Davis

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: January 26th, 1938

Place of Birth: Paradise Arm

Livelihood: Housekept, Worked in Crab Plant

Children: Linda Ford, Robert Lethbridge, Flora Combden, Sandra Lethbridge, Dave Lethbridge, Brendon Lethbridge, Elizabeth Lethbridge

"My father was a fisherman and times were very hard growing up. He was a sharernan, in the fall, he'd have no money because the merchants used to take it all. We would always end up on social services." Name: Rupert Charles Davis

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: March 30th, 1930

Place of Birth: Cartwright

Livelihood: American Air Force, Fished, Power Plant Operator, Worked at Marconi Station, Telephone Company until 1977

Children: Paul Davis, Vicki Gillis, Rupert Davis, Jr.

"I was 18 before we had a radio. My brother Sid went to Goose Bay and sent one home. In 1958-I had my first Snowmobile. It cost $850.00. In 1946-1947, my father took me to Goose Bay on dog team to go to work. I was 15 years old."

Name: Una M. Davis

Maiden name: Williams

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: May 13th, 1927

Place of Birth: Cartwright. Also lived at Goose Cove.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Pearl Williams, Vie Davis, George Davis, Phoebe Davis, Rosalie Anderson, Ed Davis, Theodore Davis, Gordon Davis, Jr.

"I used to trap in the country and that was the best thing I ever done. That was something I really enjoyed." Name: Bellinda Dyson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: February 12th, 1931

Place of Birth: Porcupine Bay. Also lived at Batteau in summer.

Livelihood: Housekept

"I love to dance. I dance wherever music is played. When the Flummies used to come to Cartwright, I would get in a dance contest and I used to win. I loved it."

Name: Gypson Dyson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: February 17th, 1933

Place of Birth: Open Bay. Also lived at Batteau.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Melita Dyson, Gayden Dyson, Basil Dyson, Fiona Dyson, Jane Light

"Fishing and trapping is what I love to do most."

Name: H. Salomie Dyson

Maiden name: Dyson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: July 27th, 1931

Place of Birth: Batteau

Livelihood: Cooked, Housekept

Children: Reginald Dyson (step child), Harold Dyson (step child)

"One time when my husband and I was coming out of the woods with a load of wood, on slippery ice with snow on the road, the ski-doo skidded and I got hit in the leg with the bridle. That was over 20 years ago and I still have the scar on my leg yet."

Name: Millicent J. Dyson

Maiden name: Martin

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: August 18th, 1929

Place of Birth: Long Stretch Point

Livelihood: Worked in Industrial, sewing coats and doing embroidery

Children: Paul Davis, Vicki Gillis, Rupert Davis, Jr.

"We went to Muddy Bay Brook in early July for a ride. We had Rupert Jr. with us. A gale of wind came and we got caught for the night on the beach. The mounties and another guy came and took us home."

Name: Nazarine Dyson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: April 25th, 1939

Place of Birth: Batteau

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Beverly Dyson, Charlotte Dyson, Abe Dyson, Ben Dyson, Barry Dyson, Gloria Brown, Deon Dyson

"When my children were born, it was interesting because I had a family to look forward to."

Name: Nellie May Dyson

Maiden name: Dyson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: May 18th, 1936

Place of Birth: Batteau

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Jane Light, Melita Dyson, Basil Dyson, Fiona Dyson, Gayden Dyson, Lindsey Jane Dyson (deceased)

"The move to our winter place from Batteau was very exciting because we always looked forward to winter to go by dog team instead of by boat. During the winter we'd get every thing ready for summer, ex. getting wood for over to Batteau. We lived in open bay during the winter." Name: Violet V. Dyson

Maiden name: Curl

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: May 24th, 1927

Place of Birth: Spotted Islands

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Charlie Dyson, Oswald Dyson, Cylar Dyson, Brad Dyson, Albert Dyson, Winston Dyson, Olive Davis, Clementine Williams, Phyllis Leger, Daphne Pitcher

Name: Abraham Elson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: April 4th, 1934

Place of Birth: Rocky Bay. Also lived at Ottawa and Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Worked on Forms, Dry Cleaner

"It was very interesting when I used to work on the boats. I used to love meeting so many people every day." Name: Alexander Elson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: August 23rd, 1931

Place of Birth: Spotted Islands

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Gordon Bison, Vi Dyson, Kirby Bison, Don Bison, Bernice Bishop, Alex Bison Jr., Harriet Vaters, Glen Bison, Ivy Angiers, Alton Bison

"I found it very interesting when I was fishing. That was my life and I would still do it today if I could."

Name: Florence A. Elson

Maiden name: Lethbridge

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: December 6th, 1927

Place of Birth: Paradise River. Also lived at Double Brook.

Livelihood: Fished, Hunted, Sewed, Cooked

Children: Shirley Walsh, Peggy Bison, Flora Bison

"When I got married, I had a good life with my husband and we had to work hard. It was hard raising my family and I made our own clothing but our life was interesting. We've lived so long and have seen so many changes. We can't do the things now like we used to. Times now are very hard and much harder then forty years ago. I find it ten times harder than the good days because there are too many laws. Them days, you could do whatever you wanted with nobody watching over your shoulder like today." Name: Joshua Elson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: May 6th, 1932

Place of Birth: Batteau. Also lived at Spotted Islands.

Livelihood: Fished

"I found it very interesting when we fished and afterwards it was a lot of fun dancing to see the week finished."

Name: Lillian L. Elson

Maiden name: Hopkins

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: July 15th, 1929

Place of Birth: Seal Island

Livelihood: Housekept, Cooked, Baked bread and cooked for Newfoundlanders for $10.00 a month Children:

Children: Gordon Elson, Kirby Elson, Don Elson, Alex Elson, Jr., Glen Elson, Alton Elson, Vi Dyson, Bernice Bishop, Ivy Angiers, Harriet Vaters

"We walked from Rocky Bay to Paulo's Cove and we picked frankum off trees. We weren't allowed to chew it until after 3 o'clock because it was Good Friday." Name: Millie Elson

Maiden name: Mugford

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: February 3rd, 1924

Place of Birth: West Bay

Livelihood: Fished, Cooked

Children: Tony Elson

"When I got married it was very interesting because I was able to set out on my own. When I worked at the hospital in Cartwright before I was married, my boyfriend (who is now my husband), came to the hospital under the name of Bill Martin to get a needle under false pretenses, just to see me on the sly. It was when diphtheria was around. If they knew his real name and where he came from he would never have been allowed!"

Name: William H. Elson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: October 29th, 1923

Place of Birth: Sandy Hill. Also lived at Sandwich Bay and Bob-Joyce Brook.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped, Collected salmon for Fequet's

Children: Tony Elson

"Once I traveled to Halifax and Montreal. I was in Halifax for two or three days. I was never there before and would never have been there if I wasn't working with Petro Canada. I walked to Bob-Joyce from Goose Bay in 1941, just before Christmas. It took 6- 7 days to walk there. There was about eight of us altogether. It was the first fall, Goose Bay had started to build up." Name: Christopher Holwell

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: October 5th, 1925

Place of Birth: Porcupine Bay. Also lived at Spotted Islands.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Don Holwell, Jim Holwell, Abraham Holwell, Lillian Davis, Fred Holwell, Maynard Holwell (deceased), Hedley Holwell, Bernard Holwell, Barbara Holwell, Margaret Holwell, Paul Holwell, Francine Learning, Sharon Holwell, Glayds Holwell (deceased), Rosetta Holwell (deceased)

"When I got married it was interesting because we built a life together."

Name: Samuel C. Holwell

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: February 22nd, 1937

Place of Birth: Porcupine Bay. Also lived at Spotted Islands in summer.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Jeanette Turnbull, Beverly Webber, Wanda Cabot, Diane McCabe

"The one interesting thing that happened to me was when I got married because I had a woman to guide me along!" Name: Violet Holwell

Maiden name: Elson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: July 19th, 1934

Place of Birth: Spotted Islands

Livelihood: Housekept

"When I got married we built a life together and reared up a big family"

Name: Bessie L. Hopkins

Maiden name: Roberts

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: March 4th, 1935

Place of Birth: Partridge Bay. Also lived at Port Hope Simpson.

Livelihood: Worked with the Grenfell Mission, Worked odd jobs

Children: Randy Hopkins, Shona Canes

"Hawke's Harbour had a whale factory. Mr. Fetems took us out in boat and we watched a whale get killed. It was interested because the whale would tip the boat and after a while it would be dragged in." Name: Jessie May Hopkins

Maiden name: Reeves

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: August 31st, 1922

Place of Birth: Grady. Also lived at Cuddy Brook.

Livelihood: Housekept, Worked with Hudson Bay

Children: Winston Hopkins, Doris Lidstone, Archie Hopkins, Terry Hopkins (deceased), Barbara Elson, Joe Hopkins, Ralph Hopkins (deceased), Violet Ward, Heather Hopkins

"When I was 17 years old, I moved to Spotted Island to cook for Bart Webber for the summer. When they went to Spotted Islands the ice was shifting."

Name: Joshua E. Hopkins

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: February 25th, 1937

Place of Birth: Port Hope Simpson. Also lived at Seal Islands.

Livelihood: Fished, Laborer

Children: Joanne Martin, James Hopkins

"I like it out in the country camping. I now spend more time in the country and cutting trails." Name: Ethel L. Learning

Maiden name: Sheppard

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: September 26th, 1926

Place of Birth: Elay Cove-Double Mer. Also lived at Valley's Bight just outside Rigolet.

Livelihood: Cooked, Housekept

Children: Harris Learning, Mae Learning

"I would walk four miles on a Saturday night to see a movie or dance and sometimes on snowshoes when a lot of snow was around. When I was two years old I was badly burned by fire. I was wiping the stove with a straw broom and it caught a fire. I had my night dress on and my brother threw a bucket of water on me. I was burned quite badly. I was in the hospital for nearly two years because I was burned so badly."

Name: Sampson E. Learning

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: August 4th, 1920

Place of Birth: Duck Island, 7 miles out of Paradise River.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Harris Learning, Mae Learning

"I was about 17 years old. I was trapping in the fall on frozen ground. The second trip, I made alone, it was a beautiful day. I put on a fire and fell asleep. I woke up laid on my back and the top of the tent was gone. What happened was the tent had burned and I didn't even know it until I awoke and sat up. I wasn't long getting up and straightening up. I thought a bear had took the tent at daylight, so I geared up and left." Name: Howard Lethbridge

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: December 16th, 1921

Place of Birth: Paradise River

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped, Carpentry

Children: Ena Andrews, Ruth Roberts, Ed Lethbridge, Dan Lethbridge, Adrian Lethbridge, Rex Lethbridge, Brian Lethbridge, Rosalie Lethbridge

"The first time I went to work I was fifteen years old. I was glad to go to work. We were pretty poor back then. I worked at Eagle River- Sandwich Bay. I helped a man build a shed for the Hudson Bay Co. and worked for three weeks. I was getting $1.00 a day and it was very exciting. I got $21.00 for the work and paid $5.00 for room and board and I ended up with $16.00. That was a lot of money for back then. As far as I know that shed is still standing!"

Name: Ronald W. Lethbridge

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: July 4th, 1928

Place of Birth: Cartwright. Also lived at Paradise River.

Livelihood: Trapped, Fished, Forestry

Children: Woodrow Lethbridge, Vivian Drover, Joy Lethbridge, Ronald Lethbridge Jr.

"I had a boat wreck out in rough water. I was in my mid-twenties. Alone out by the ocean. It was windy when I tried to get across. The wave hit and the water came in I kept going until I got some shelter and managed to get home from that. It was in a trap sized boat about 33 feet long." Name: Samuel Lethbridge

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: April 7th, 1932

Place of Birth: Paradise River. Also lived at Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Linda Ford, Flora Combden, Bobby Lethbridge, Dave Lethbridge, Sandra Lethbridge, Brendon Lethbridge, Elizabeth Lethbridge

"I loved to be working on the sawmill at Paradise River. It was a great interest to me."

Name: Winnie Lethbridge

Maiden name: Williams

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: April 13th, 1931

Place of Birth: Goose Cove

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Ena Andrews, Ruth Roberts, Ed Lethbridge, Dan Lethbridge, Adrian Lethbridge, Rex Lethbridge, Brian Lethbridge, Rosalie Lethbridge

"I went from Cartwright to Goose Cove on dog team. I was on my own and I thought I was going to run into something. The dogs ran all the way."

Name: Bruce Martin

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: May 31st, 1927

Place of Birth: Cartwright

Livelihood: Fished, Construction

Children: Heather Martin, John Martin, Wendy Martin, Tracy Martin

Name: Ethel B. Martin

Maiden name: Martin

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: June 9th, 1932

Place of Birth: Paradise River

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Jim Martin, Nita Martin, Dean Martin

"It was really interesting when I got married because I knew I would have a partner for the rest of my life that I loved and at some point, we would have a family together."

Name: Kenneth Richard Martin

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: December 30th, 1928

Place of Birth: Bob-Joyce Brook

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Jim Martin, Nita Martin, Dean Martin

"I went to Uncle Ron Lethbridges and before I got back it got stormy. I went over to Earle's Island and stayed for the night because of the weather. I put in a fire and slept by a tree. I walked home the next day because it was too stormy for the ski-doo."

Name: Shirley Martin

Maiden name: Lethbridge

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: February 20th, 1929

Place of Birth: Paradise River

Livelihood: Teach sometimes

Children: Heather Martin. John Martin, Wendy Martin, Tracy Martin Name: James Matthews

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: June 5th, 1939

Place of Birth: Bolster's Rock. Also lived at Hill's Harbour.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped, Hunted

"I was thirteen years old when I was old enough to make a living for myself. I was kind of excited about going to Goose Bay to get away from the fishery."

Name: Annie Mesher

Maiden name: Green

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: August 7th, 1934

Place of Birth: Seal Islands

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Ray Green, Garland Mesher, Minnie Clark

"I used to love berry picking. I found it very interesting to pick any kind of berries. It was really good to do this in any kind of weather, especially the cool days." Name: Reuben Mesher

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: January 25th, 1933

Place of Birth: Mussel Brook. Also lived at Goose Cove.

Livelihood: Fished

"When I would hunt I had a good feeling when I felt free to hunt birds and seals."

Name: Greta Morris

Maiden name: Turnbull

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: July l5th, 1939

Place of Birth: Spotted Islands

Livelihood: Raised Family, Social Services

Children: Christopher Morris, Evelyn Morris, Debra Holwell, John Morris, Barry Morris, Bert Morris, Stewart Morris, Sheila Morris, Marjore Andrews

"When I went back to school, I found it very interesting to get myself more educated." Name: Harris Morris

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: April 11th, 1932

Place of Birth: Caplin Bay. Also lived at Partridge Bay, Mussel Brook and Conception Bay.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Sam Morris, Ann Morris, Audrey Pardy, Judy Morris, Pauline Brown, Harris Morris Jr.

"When we fished and trapped and did well, we had traps full of fish and lots of furs."

Name: Kerman Morris

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: October 20th, 1935

Place of Birth: Batteau

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Clyde Morris, Spence Morris, Doug Morris, Carl Morris, Loretta Morris, Dale Morris, Herb Morris

"One time we went out on the ice after seals and the ice broke up. We had to get off by helicopter. I lost seven dogs that time, three ended up in Newfoundland."

Name: Myrtle Morris

Maiden name: Holwell

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: February 2nd, 1928

Place of Birth: Porcupine Bay. Also lived at Spotted Islands in summer.

Livelihood: Domestic Work, Cooking, Worked at Hospital

Children: Pheobe Fines (adopted)

"When I worked at the hospital as an aid, I found it to be the most interesting thing that ever happened to me. There was one nurse and one doctor. We always made our own entertainment. One game was Break the Goats Neck. A group of us would always get together and find someone's house for a gymnasium. Every Sunday we would go to another community to visit. It wouldn't be the same without it. We would also get a dance on the go and a good dance it would be."

Name: A. Horace Mugford

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: September 20th, 1932

Place of Birth: West Bay

Livelihood: Fished

Children: David Mugford, Wanda Mugford, Tom Mugford, Melody Mugford Name: Mary Matilda Mugford

Maiden name: Mugford

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: October 13th, 1921

Place of Birth: John's Point. Also lived at North West River.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: John Mugford

"When I first moved to North West River after my mother, two brothers and oldest sister drowned, I was six years old. I found life to be different for me."

Name: Edward Charles Pardy

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: October 23rd, 1907

Place of Birth: Mountaineer Cove

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Marie Molloy, Louise Molloy, Tom Pardy, Cynthia Davis, Pearl Holwell, Hilda Clark, Velma Chamberlin, Barb Pardy, Calvin Pardy, Bruce Pardy, Dave Pardy, John Pardy, Jim Pardy, Roberta Elson

"In 1919, me and Willis Bird went off hunting. The bullet went from Uncle Willis pocket and struck my leg. I was laid up all winter because of it." Name: Leslie Pardy

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: March 11th, 1923

Place of Birth: Cartwright

Livelihood: Fished, Worked with I.O.A, Worked as Foreman for the Hudson Bay Co.

Children: Marjorie Learning, Beverly Learning (deceased), Lloyd Pardy, Carol Dyson, Bonnie Lyall, Dennis Pardy, Muriel Pardy, Joanne Paige

"One year, we took the H.B.C. boat charter to travel the coast. Myself and Frank Martin went as far as Henley Harbour, on the southern trip and on the Northern trip to Nain. Myself, Tom Holwell and Sam Pardy went. This was interesting because we had no compass, we had to find our way the hest we could."

Name: Pheobe Pardy

Maiden name: Clark

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: August 2nd, 1929

Place of Birth: Boulder's Rock

Livelihood: Cook for the Nurse at the staff house, Housekept

Children: Marjorie Learning, Beverly Learning (deceased), Lloyd Pardy, Carol Dyson, Bonnie Lyall, Dennis Pardy, Muriel Pardy, Joanne Paige

"I took a trip to Scotland and that was very interesting. It was a very nice visit to see my daughter." Name: Samuel L. Pardy

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: September 19th, 1939

Place of Birth: Cartwright

Livelihood: Power Plant Operator

Children: Lorna Knee, Edwin Pardy

"Once I went to Nain in a small boat. The trip itself was interesting because we found our way down and back and called in to all the communities."

Name: Blanche Roberts

Maiden name: Clark

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: June 26th, 1929

Place of Birth: Seal Islands. Also lived at Bolster's Rock.

Livelihood: Servant girl, Cooked

Children: Ivy Abbott, Calvin Roberts, George Roberts, Wade Roberts, Tony Roberts, Doug Roberts, Reg Roberts, Leslie Roberts, Shirley Tremlett, Charlotte Boring, Boyus Roberts

"I remember the first time I was able to buy myself a blouse and a pair of rubber boots. This was very interesting because I was able to buy it out of the money I had earned. When we lived on Frenchman's Island during the winter, my husband looked after Earle's place and most of our family was reared up there." Name: Frank Roberts

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: May 30th, 1918

Place of Birth: Bolster's Rock. Also lived at Seal Islands.

Livelihood: Worked with Andrews, Beards and Earle's Merchant Shop

Children: Ivy Abbott, Calvin Roberts, George Roberts, Wade Roberts, Tony Roberts, Douglas Roberts, Reg Roberts, Leslie Roberts, Shirley Tremlett, Charlotte Boring, Boyus Roberts

"When I went to Goose Bay in 1940, it was interesting because the money was better and Goose Bay had just been built."

Name: Gwen L. Roberts

Maiden name: Dyson

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: November 12th, 1925

Place of Birth: Porcupine Bay. Also lived at Spotted Island, Batteau and Open Bay.

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: Clarence Roberts, Anita Burdette, Clifford Roberts, Mary Jane Papsi, Sam Roberts, Graham Roberts, Leonard Roberts, Clara Dyson (deceased)

"I used to be berry picking every day when I would get a chance. I would walk in and walk out. I only ever went twice in a boat, the rest of the time I would walk." Name: Mildred V. Roberts

Maiden name: Hopkins

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date:

Place of Birth: Seal Islands

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Lorelie Cull, Randy Roberts, Van Roberts, Gregory Roberts, Leona Roberts, Vianne Pardy, Louise Cull

"I walked from Shoal Bay to Partridge Bay. There was a crowd of us. It took us about two hours to walk from one place to another."

Name: Job N. Sainsbury

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: September 5th, 1928

Place of Birth: Newtown, Bonavista Bay

Livelihood: Fished, Plumber

Children: Gary Sainsbury, Robert Sainsbury, Verna Roberts, Job Sainsbury Jr.

"I left plumbing and went back fishing because fishing a great interest to me." Name: Rosetta P. Sainsbury

Maiden name: Burdett

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: September 13th,, 1937

Place of Birth: Indian Tickle. Also lived at Sandy Hills in winter.

Livelihood: Nursing Assistant, Children Rehab

Children: Gary Sainsbury, Job Sainsbury Jr., Robert Sainsbury, Verna Roberts

"It was interesting when we visited the Turrel Dinosaur Museum in Alberta last fall."

Name: George Absalom Williams

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: December 26th, 1931

Place of Birth: Kellick Point

Livelihood: Fished, Part-time jobs after the fish went

Children: Edith Davis, Bart Williams, Patty Williams, Isreal Williams

"When I moved to Cartwright from Kellick Point, it was myself, my wife, Pearl, and my mother, Harriet Williams. We had Edith and Bart. It was interesting because it was a place with more people. When we lived at Kellick Point there was only one house there."

Name: Mary Williams

Maiden name: Williams

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: October 8th, 1914

Place of Birth: Flat Water

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Bella Williams, Marguerite Dyson, Scott Williams (raised by me), Gordon Williams (raised by me), Donna Williams (raised by me)

"It was very interesting to walk a long distant to pick berries. I used to take long walks for this and it was some good. When I was fishing it used to be cold sometimes. I didn't have to go very far because the fish was plentiful. It was some fun then."

Name: Millicent J. Davis

Community: Cartwright

Birth Date: August 13th, 1929

Place of Birth: Long Stretch Point

Livelihood: Worked with Mrs. Keddy in Industrial. We sewed, made coats and did embroidery.

Children: Paul Davis, Vicki Gillis, Rupert Davis Jr.

"At Easter holidays teams would come in for games. We'd go to Goose Cove and bring candy to Tom Toomashics kids. We'd have a bottle of bakeapples with sugar and water in it and we'd take come caplin. We'd roast them and it was some good. We'd go just for a walk, go and visit the Toomashics. We'd have wonderful fun sliding on the banks." Section 10

Paradise River

Name: Charles Alfred Brown

Community: Paradise River

Birth Date: March 11th, 1932

Place of Birth: Eagle River, Separation Point

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Gordon Brown, Melvin Brown

"I was in my late 30's and trapping down around Coomb's Brook. I was close to a beaver house and when I stepped on it, I fell through. I had a hard time getting back on solid ice. I tore my fingernails off. I had oil clothes on and it was slippery."

Name: Vera Lilian Brown

Maiden name: Lethbridge

Community: Paradise River

Birth Date: May 6th, 1933

Place of Birth: Paradise River

Livelihood: Homemaker

Children: Gordon Brown, Melvin Brown Name: Kenneth George Martin

Community: Paradise River

Birth Date: August 5th, 1914

Place of Birth: Diver Island

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Tony Martin, Hazel Martin, Alma Walsh, Grace Martin

"Used to trap in on Paradise River; Mink, Otters, Beavers, Fox. Bill Martin, Dave Martin, Ben Martin and Gene Martin used to trap with me. Used to sell furs mostly in Cartwright to the Hudson's Bay Co. and Fequet's."

Name: Steven James McDonald

Community: Paradise River

Birth Date: September 14th, 1929

Place of Birth: Cartwright

Livelihood: Hydro Operator, Fished

Children: David McDonald (deceased), Gayle McClain, Bernard McDonald, Barbara Mesher, Edna McClain, Roland McDonald (deceased), Doris Davis, Heather McDonald

"On January 16th, 1943, Clayton Learning and I got caught out on bad ice between Paradise River and Cartwright. I was fourteen years old at the time. We had 7-8 dogs on our dog team. We got ashore the next day and walked to Cartwright. It was a dull day. Jones point was down near long stretch. Probably about -25 Celsius the next morning. In 1958, on March 10th, Lewis Brown, Redge Pardy and myself left to go deer hunting with a dog team each. We were going towards inside Mealy Mountains when about halfway to the mountains, we got our deer and then the weather turned rotten. The river's broke up, We had mild weather, rain, fog and all the snow melted. I had five dogs and three deer. We were seven days coming home, two days going in. We had to cut paths around ponds coming back. We got out on the ice near Shabich town, twenty miles from Paradise, and went ashore to Crooked Pond in the water." Name: Dennis Mesher

Community: Paradise River

Birth Date: January 23rd, 1935

Place of Birth: Paradise River. Also lived at Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Air force, Labrador Native Association, Labrador Liner Board, Fish Plant, Construction of Churchill Falls road

"In 1961, I used to be sick all the time. Dr. Paddon gave me some pills and I've been well ever since."

Name: Elizabeth Joyce Mesher

Maiden name: Pardy

Community: Paradise River

Birth Date: January 10th, 1938

Place of Birth: Paradise River. Also lived at Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Janitor

Children: Roderick Pardy, Tony Mesher, Jerry Mesher, Leon Mesher, Paul Mesher, Alex Mesher (deceased)

"When we lived over Raspberry, across the river, we used to wash clothes in the washtub." Name: Henry C. Mesher

Community: Paradise River

Birth Date: July 12th, 1936

Place of Birth: Cartwright. Also lived at Separation Point and Goose Bay.

Livelihood: Fished, Trapped

Children: Rod Mesher, Tony Mesher, Jerry Mesher, Leon Mesher, Paul Mesher, Alex Mesher (deceased)

"I got lost on the Mealy Mountains in the 50's while caribou hunting. I was with John Lethbridge. We went for our caribou and all of a sudden it got stormy. We didn't know, where we were but kept moving, so we wouldn't freeze to death. We were out for three nights, just moving around and found our way home after it cleared up. We lost our dogs because of the storm but later found them."

Section 11

Black Tickle/ Domino

Name: Edward C. Dyson

Community: Domino

Birth Date: April l5th, 1936

Place of Birth: Spotted Islands. Also lived at Goose Bay and Black Tickle.

Livelihood: Fished, Bartender, Janitor

"It was different when I moved to Goose Bay from Spotted Islands. I used to be bartender at Squirrel Club (Canadian side)."

Name: Alice Maude Keefe

Maiden name: Keefe

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: February 10th, 1931

Place of Birth: Black Tickle

Livelihood: Housekept

Children: James Keefe (deceased), Albert Keefe, Stella Morris, George F. Keefe, Peter Keefe, Christina Keefe, Mary Dyson, Bernice Keefe, Christopher Keefe, Veronica Neville, Blanche Keefe, Felix Keefe, Fanny Keefe, Edward J. Keefe, Emmanuel B. Keefe, Angela Keefe (deceased)

"It was leap year. I never walked at step with Jack. I went down to Uncle Bill's to look for a pot of bread. Jack was there and he said the priest was on the boat. He said "What about getting married when the priest gets here?" I said, "Yes, leap year and all." I never thought no more about it. He came up that night at 1:00 AM after getting out of the stage. Eileen and Lucy said, "You gonna be married tomorrow." I laughed at that because I thought they were joking with me, leap year and all. At 6:00 AM, the next morning, the old man got me up to get ready for the wedding. Priest had papers and all signed. We got married and had a wonderful marriage."

Name: Allan F. Keefe

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: October 27th, 1937

Place of Birth: Black Tickle. Also lived at North River, Conception Bay.

Livelihood: Fished

"We used to go around on dog team. I was living with my grandfather. When grandfather (Jim Keefe) died, I moved to NFLD to live with mother. I used to come back in the summer and fish. There wasn't E.I. until the 1960's. There was no money until the next summer."

Name: Alonzo N. Joseph Keefe

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: February 21st, 1933

Place of Birth: Reed's Pond

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Florence Keefe, Wesley Keefe, Lewis Keefe, Chesley Keefe, Gladys Keefe, Steven Keefe

"I moved from Reed's Pond to Black Tickle. I was the first to have a snowmobile, 8-10's (12HP)." Name: Elizabeth Ann Keefe

Maiden name: Morris

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: March 9th, 1932

Place of Birth: Porcupine Bay

Livelihood: Fished, Housekept

Children: Arthur Keefe (deceased), Anne Roberts, Ida Elson, Mary Patricia Keefe, Mary Keefe (deceased), Twins (still born)

Name: George Keefe

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: December 13th, 1920

Place of Birth: Salmon Bight

Livelihood: Fished Name: James Dennis Keefe

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: October 7th, 1912

Place of Birth: Black Tickle

Livelihood: Fished

Children: William Steven Keefe, Ronald Keefe (deceased), Andrew Keefe (deceased), Elizabeth Anne Keefe (deceased)

Name: Patrick Francis Keefe

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: August 23rd, 1935

Place of Birth: Black Tickle

Livelihood: Fished, Labourer

"When I was about 5-6 years old, the old man used to go to Cartwright and up the shore to pick up "dole" order and pick up food. At that time, each person on the "dole" would get $5.00 for a month." Name: Mary B. Morris

Maiden name: Dyson

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: September 28th, 1931

Place of Birth: Black Tickle

Livelihood: Fished, Labourer

Children: Albert Morris, Paul Morris Jr., James Morris, Theresa Keefe, John Morris, Stewart Morris (deceased), Brenda Dyson, Kevin Morris

"I got married when I was 25 years old. I got married over in the house. Father Tessier married us. We got married in August."

Name: Paul Warren Morris

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: December 17th, 1936

Place of Birth: Spotted Islands. Also lived at Domino.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Albert Morris, Paul Morris, Jr., James Morris, Theresa Keefe, John Morris, Stewart Morris (deceased), Brenda Dyson, Kevin Morris

"I had a kidney transplant three years ago this upcoming February. I had the transplant in Halifax." Name: Roland J. Morris, Sr.

Community: Black Tickle

Birth Date: August 14th, 1939

Place of Birth: Spotted Island. Also lived at Domino.

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Norman Guy Morris, Henry Morris, Mary Morris (deceased), Lenora Keefe, Clara Morris, Janet Rose Smith

"I first worked over on the site on Spotted Islands. I was 14 years old and it was 1953. I worked there for 2 years in the summer months as labourer for $0.80 per hour the first year and $1.20 per hour after. Then I went fishing when I was 16 years old. There were no easy times with 6 of us in the family. A carton of cigarettes, (10 packs), was only $1.00 then. Also in 1972, a pack of cigarettes was 65 cents."

Name: Lawrence C. Turnbull

Community: Domino

Birth Date: June 30th, 1934

Place of Birth: Spotted Island

Livelihood: Fished

Children: Zippora Dyson, Stella Holwell, Douglas Turnbull, Nina Turnbull, Katherine Turnbull Section 12 Special Tribute

Name: Susie Smith

Susanna was born on January 3, 1899, at Matthew's Cove, Labrador. Her parents were Jim and Isabella Howell ( nee Rumbolt). Her mother was Uncle Arch's sister. She was christened at Matthew's Cove on January 8 by Elias W. Gardner, a cathecist at the Anglican Church in Battle Harbour.

On December 28, 1907, her mother died leaving Susie (at the age of nine) and her father alone. Susie took on the responsibilities of the house. She often told stories of standing on a wooden biscuit box to do the dishes and mix bread.

Aunt Polly Snook took it upon herself to be Susie's "Guardian Angel". She often said she could still see Aunt Polly coming over the hill with her apron full of wood chips and her knitting. She would full up the stove with chips and sit down with her knitting and sing to her all afternoon until her father got in from the boat.

She married Esau Smith on October 15, 1922, at Matthew's Cove where the couple resided most of their lives together. Their witnesses were Charles Rumbolt and her friend, Violet Acrernan, who was Eva's sister.

They went on to have four sons: Benjamin was called after Esau's father, James was called after her father, Charles was named for her uncle and Paul because they liked the name. Ben and Charles both married. Ben to Faye Rumbolt and Charlie to Eunice Howell (who died on May 5, 1998).

In April, 1964, Esau died at St. Anthony and had to be buried there due to bad weather and poor ice conditions at the time. Jim and Paul were still at home but Paul, being the baby and having health problems, was her reason to go on with her life. She was devastated that Esau had died and had to be buried away. Without any closure, she took it even worse.

Her heartache wasn't over that year. In June, Paul drowned while out in boat at Caribou Point. His friend's body was recovered. His was never found. The two tragedies, so close together, her husband and her baby, was too much for her. According to all who remember, she never got over it. She was never one to take a lot but she changed after that. She continued living with Jim but spent most of her days at Ben's. She moved in with Ben as time went on and remained there until 1982 when she moved to the Paddon Home in Goose Bay. I remember everyone saying when she moved away that Uncle Ben said, "She would live longer than any of them. "Little then did we know. Ben died in October of 1983 after a battle with cancer and Jim moved to the Paddon Home with his mother after losing one of his legs to circulation problems. They lived in the home together until he died on March 25, 1991. Charles is the only son living now and he visits his mother every summer in Goose Bay. She knows him every time.

Susie celebrated her 100th birthday at the Paddon Home on January 3, 1999. Her daughter - in law Faye, Granddaughters Greta, Olive, Eleanor, Marie and Millicent, great - granddaughters Diane and Kristy and great - great granddaughter Kailee Susanna were all in attendance. Charlie was unable to attend due to health problems.

Most of her great grandchildren and great - great grandchildren have never met her. This year was the first time I saw her in seventeen years. She was just a picture in a frame or a storybook character our parents told us about until then. I would love for the Battle Harbour Assisted Living Corporation to get their facility so we can finally bring Granny home.

Compiled by Diane Poole, Susie's great granddaughter.

Quote from Susie Smith. Taken by Alison Normore on May 16, 1999.

"I can't remember living up in Mary's Harbour. My husband used to fish. I never went out fishing but I like fish and brewis. My family all loved it. You put your fish in soak in warm water overnight. It's a good feed. I haves onions and potatoes with it. They takes good care of me here at the Paddon Home. Sometimes I would like to come back to Mary's Harbour but I finds it hard getting around."