List of References and Sources – River Basin Organization Database1
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Troublesomeness’ of Transboundary Aquifers in the SADC Region NICK ROBINS British Geological Survey Queen’S University Belfast Groundwater Dependence
A classification of the ‘troublesomeness’ of transboundary aquifers in the SADC region NICK ROBINS British Geological Survey Queen’s University Belfast Groundwater dependence 300 Basement 200 Sedimentary Volcanic 100 UNSAs MacDonald rural population (million) et al 2000 0 B V CS US Eckstein & Eckstein (2003) defined six types of TBA: 1. An unconfined aquifer that is linked hydraulically with a river, both of which flow along an international border (i.e., the river forms the border between two states). 2. An unconfined aquifer intersected by an international border and linked hydraulically with a river that is also intersected by the same international border. 3. An unconfined aquifer that flows across an international border and that is hydraulically linked to a river that flows completely within the territory of one state. 4. An unconfined aquifer that is completely within the territory of one state but that is linked hydraulically to a river flowing across an international border. 5. A confined aquifer, unconnected hydraulically with any surface body of water, with a zone of recharge (possibly in an unconfined portion of the aquifer) that traverses an international boundary or that is located completely in another state. 6. A transboundary aquifer unrelated to any surface body of water and devoid of any recharge. … but TBAs are by no means straightforward… Wet and dry climate cycles in Malawi 1962 -2003 TBAs identified in Africa by ISARM- Africa TBAs on the SADC Hydrogeological Map No. TBA References Name Member States River Basin Aquifer Characteristics from the SADC Groundwater Archive at: www.sadcgwarchive.net Tertiary to Quaternary age alluvial sands and gravels of the Ruvuma Delta, overlieing Coastal Sedimentary 3 Tanzania, Mozambique Ruvuma Cretaceous-age sedimentary strata. -
Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This Book Is a Product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network
Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This book is a product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network. Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin Edited by Mzime Ndebele-Murisa Ismael Aaron Kimirei Chipo Plaxedes Mubaya Taurai Bere Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa DAKAR © CODESRIA 2020 Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop, Angle Canal IV BP 3304 Dakar, 18524, Senegal Website: www.codesria.org ISBN: 978-2-86978-713-1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission from CODESRIA. Typesetting: CODESRIA Graphics and Cover Design: Masumbuko Semba Distributed in Africa by CODESRIA Distributed elsewhere by African Books Collective, Oxford, UK Website: www.africanbookscollective.com The Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) is an independent organisation whose principal objectives are to facilitate research, promote research-based publishing and create multiple forums for critical thinking and exchange of views among African researchers. All these are aimed at reducing the fragmentation of research in the continent through the creation of thematic research networks that cut across linguistic and regional boundaries. CODESRIA publishes Africa Development, the longest standing Africa based social science journal; Afrika Zamani, a journal of history; the African Sociological Review; Africa Review of Books and the Journal of Higher Education in Africa. The Council also co- publishes Identity, Culture and Politics: An Afro-Asian Dialogue; and the Afro-Arab Selections for Social Sciences. -
Overview of Experiences in the Limpopo River Basin
intersectorai Management of River Basins Overview of Experiences in the Limpopo River Basin Thomas Schild Team Leader, German Agency for Technical Co-operation (GTZ), Windhoek, Namibia Abstract The paper presents a summary of the findings of a German mission to four countries of Southern Africa, in which many people at different levels were asked to give their views about water issues in two trans-national river basins, the Limpopo and the Orange-Senqu. The principal common factors in people's responses are identified. Various sources and types of inequity are described. In conclusion, it is found that external assistance could be especially useful in areas of information and communication, and in organisational development for river-basin management. 1. Context A mission by a project appraisal team of the German Agency for Technical Co operation (GTZ) was carried out in September 2000, for the support of regional water management in the SADC (Southern African Development Community) region. The team talked to stakeholders of the Limpopo and the Orange-Senqu river basins. The mission had the following major tasks; Map the scene; Capture the expectations and issues of concern of the stakeholders with regard to the establishment of river basin commissions; Identify possible areas for technical co-operation; Make preparations for the planning workshop. 2. Procedures Between 14 and 29 September 2000, the group visited Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Botswana and South Africa and held discussions with relevant government institutions, parastatals and donor organisations involved in water resources management of the Limpopo and, where applicable, of the Orange/Senqu. Other resource persons, such as representatives of water users' organisations, researchers, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and consultants were met. -
Irrigation of Wetlands in Tanzania
Irrigation of wetlands in Tanzania Item Type Working Paper Authors Masija, E.H. Download date 06/10/2021 16:30:22 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/528 Irrigation of wetlands in Tanzania E.H. Masija Irrigation Department Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Cooperatives P.O. Box 9192 Dar es Salaam Summary Over 1,164,000 ha of wetland areas are listed as suitable for irrigation, mainly for crop production and livestock grazing. Existing and planned irrigation schemes are described for the ,main river basins where large areas are devoted to rice and sugar cane. Emphasis' is placed on the value of small scale, farmer-managed irrigation schemes and the rehabilitation of traditional systems. Introduction All wetlands are potentially suitable for agriculture because of their available water and high soil fertility. Due to national priorities or requirements some wetlands are put to other uses, such as game reserves. The total wetland area identified as suitable for irrigation development is estimated to be over 1,164,600 ha (Table 1). Wetlands are swamps or low lying areas of land which are subject to inundation, usually seasonally. They have hydromorphic soils, transitional morphological characteristics between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and support hydrophytes and halophytes. Wetlands in Tanzania can be characterised under four main categories: 1. Deltaic processes of rivers which discharge into the Indian Ocean and are characterised by flat topography, low lying relief and heavy'clay soils. They are subject to sea water intrusion which contributes to the salinisation of the soils which, under predominantly mangrove vegetation, are potentially acid sulphate. -
Zimbabwe News, Vol. 18, No. 9
Zimbabwe News, Vol. 18, No. 9 http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nuzn198709 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Zimbabwe News, Vol. 18, No. 9 Alternative title Zimbabwe News Author/Creator Zimbabwe African National Union Publisher Zimbabwe African National Union (Harare, Zimbabwe) Date 1987-09-00 Resource type Magazines (Periodicals) Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa, Southern Africa (region) Coverage (temporal) 1987 Source Northwestern University Libraries, L968.91005 Z711 v.18 Rights By kind permission of ZANU, the Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front. Description Editorial. Address to the Central Committee by the President and First Secretary of ZANU (PF) Comrade R.G. -
Case Study of Mazowe Catchment, Zimbabwe
Water quality and sediment transport issues in surface water Proc. IAHS, 377, 57–66, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-377-57-2018 Open Access © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Sedimentation and Its Impacts/Effects on River System and Reservoir Water Quality: case Study of Mazowe Catchment, Zimbabwe Colleta Tundu1, Michael James Tumbare2, and Jean-Marie Kileshye Onema3 1Zimbabwe National Water Authority, P.O. Box Cy617 Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe 2Department of Civil Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box MP167, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe 3WaterNet Secretariat, P.O. Box MP600, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe Correspondence: Colleta Tundu ([email protected]) Received: 7 June 2017 – Accepted: 10 October 2017 – Published: 16 April 2018 Abstract. Sediment delivery into water sources and bodies results in the reduction of water quantity and quality, increasing costs of water purification whilst reducing the available water for various other uses. The paper gives an analysis of sedimentation in one of Zimbabwe’s seven rivers, the Mazowe Catchment, and its impact on water quality. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model was used to compute soil lost from the catchment as a result of soil erosion. The model was used in conjunction with GIS remotely sensed data and limited ground observations. The estimated annual soil loss in the catchment indicates soil loss ranging from 0 to 65 t ha yr−1. Bathymetric survey at Chimhanda Dam showed that the capacity of the dam had reduced by 39 % as a result of sedimentation and the annual sediment deposition into Chimhanda Dam was estimated to be 330 t with a specific yield of 226 t km−2 yr−1. -
Hydroclimatic Extremes in the Limpopo River Basin, South Africa, Under Changing Climate
water Article Hydroclimatic Extremes in the Limpopo River Basin, South Africa, under Changing Climate Christina M. Botai 1,* , Joel O. Botai 1,2,3,4 , Nosipho N. Zwane 1, Patrick Hayombe 5, Eric K. Wamiti 5 , Thabo Makgoale 1, Miriam D. Murambadoro 1,6, Abiodun M. Adeola 1,7 , Katlego P. Ncongwane 1,8, Jaco P. de Wit 1, Michael G. Mengistu 1,4 and Henerica Tazvinga 1 1 South African Weather Service, Private Bag X097, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; [email protected] (J.O.B.); [email protected] (N.N.Z.); [email protected] (T.M.); [email protected] (M.D.M.); [email protected] (A.M.A.); [email protected] (K.P.N.); [email protected] (J.P.d.W.); [email protected] (M.G.M.); [email protected] (H.T.) 2 Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield Pretoria 0028, South Africa 3 Department of Information Technology, Central University of Technology, Free State Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa 4 School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa 5 Kenya Water Institute, P.O. Box 60013–00200, Nairobi, Kenya; [email protected] (P.H.); [email protected] (E.K.W.) 6 Global Change Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa 7 School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield Pretoria 0028, South Africa 8 School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +27-12-367-6269 Received: 16 October 2020; Accepted: 18 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 Abstract: This research study evaluated the projected future climate and anticipated impacts on water-linked sectors on the transboundary Limpopo River Basin (LRB) with a focus on South Africa. -
The Status and Future Prospects of Hydropower for Sustainable Water and Energy Development in Tanzania
Hindawi Journal of Renewable Energy Volume 2018, Article ID 6570358, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6570358 Review Article The Status and Future Prospects of Hydropower for Sustainable Water and Energy Development in Tanzania Baraka Kichonge Mechanical Engineering Department, Arusha Technical College (ATC), P.O. Box 296, Arusha, Tanzania Correspondence should be addressed to Baraka Kichonge; [email protected] Received 7 January 2018; Accepted 8 March 2018; Published 6 May 2018 Academic Editor: Wei-Hsin Chen Copyright © 2018 Baraka Kichonge. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Tanzania is among the countries with the fastest growing economy in Africa and therefore the need for afordable, clean, and most importantly sustainable electrical energy to meet her ever growing demands is pressing. In recent years, the country’s electricity needs have been largely dominated by thermal generations despite the fact that Tanzania is gifed with huge hydropower resource potential approximated at 38,000 MW with only a very small portion exploited to date. However, the exploited potential is expected to grow by commissioning of identifed large and medium-scale hydropower projects with a total installed capacity of 4,765 MW currently under various stages of implementation. Moreover, the geographical location of Tanzania has several benefts to support development of small hydropower projects essential for appropriate utilization of available water resources as a way of mitigating climate challenges efects. Over the last decade, the country electricity demand along with end-use of energy has witnessed signifcant increases as economic development spreads towards achieving Vision 2025 goals. -
RESILIENCE in the LIMPOPO BASIN (RESILIM) PROGRAM Final Report
RESILIENCE IN THE LIMPOPO BASIN (RESILIM) PROGRAM Final Report October 1, 2017 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. RESILIENCE IN THE LIMPOPO BASIN (RESILIM) PROGRAM Final Report October 1, 2107 Contract No. AID-674-C-12-00006 Cover photo: Across the Limpopo River Basin, the livelihoods of people such as this fisherman in Mozambique depend on effective transboundary management of natural resources, including water and biodiversity, as well as future climate impacts. Credit: Climate Investment Funds Action, 2014. CONTENTS Acronyms .............................................................................................................................................. i Executive Summary............................................................................................................................ ii 1. Project Context .............................................................................................................................. 1 Climate and Weather ................................................................................................................................... 1 Water Demand ............................................................................................................................................. -
2019-NCP-Annual-Report-1.Pdf
INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW The Niassa Carnivore Project (NCP) was founded in 2003 and serves to conserve large carnivores and their prey in Niassa Special Reserve (NSR, formally known as Niassa National Reserve, NNR) by promoting coexistence and through a shared respect for people, their culture, wildlife, and the environment. Our team values are respect (for each other and the environment); “Tsova-Tsova” (a Cyao term for meaning you push, I push), communication, inclusion, teamwork, and opportunities to learn. Why we should care Niassa Special Reserve is situated in northern Mozambique on the border with Tanzania and is one of the largest protected areas (42,200 km2; 16,000 ml2) in Africa. It is managed through a co- management agreement between the Government of Mozambique (National Administration of Conservation Areas (ANAC) with Ministry of Land, Environment and Rural development (MITADER) and Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). The protected area supports the largest concentrations of wildlife remaining in Mozambique including an estimated 800 - 1000 lions, 300-350 African wild dogs as well as leopard and spotted hyaena. Free-ranging African lions have declined over the last century to fewer than 20,000 today (Riggio et al., 2012; Bauer et al., 2015; Dickman et al, in prep). Well managed protected areas, particularly large protected areas like NSR that can support more than 1000 lions, are critically important for future recovery efforts for lion conservation (Lindsey et al., 2017). These types of landscapes are becoming increasingly rare. NSR remains one of the 6 strongholds for lions, spotted hyaenas, leopards and African wild dogs left in Africa today. -
Salt Intrusion in the Pungue Estuary, Mozambique
Ivar Abas and Hugo Hagedooren Salt intrusion in the Pungue estuary, Mozambique A case study on modelling the salinity distribution in the Pungue estuary Delft, March 2017 2 Salt intrusion in the Pungue estuary, Mozambique A case study on modelling the salinity distribution in the Pungue estuary By Ivar Abas and Hugo Hagedooren In fulfilment of the requirements of an Additional Master Thesis Master Civil Engineering Track Water Management at the Delft University of Technology, Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Ir. H.H.G. Savenije, Dr. Ir. S.G.J. Heijman, Ir. W.M.J. Luxemburg An electronic version of this thesis is available at http://repository.tudelft.nl/ 3 Notation 푎 Cross-sectional convergence length [m] 퐴 Tidal average cross-sectional area [m2] 2 퐴0 Cross-sectional area at the estuary mouth [m ] 2 퐴푟 Cross-sectional area of the river [m ] 푏 Width convergence length [m] 퐵 Tidal average estuary width [m] 퐵0 Width at the estuary mouth [m] 퐵푟 Width of the river [m] 퐶 Chézy coefficient [m0.5/s] 퐷 Tidal average longitudinal dispersion [m2/s] 2 퐷0 Dispersion coefficient at the estuary mouth [m /s] 2 퐷 Dispersion coefficient during HWS, TA or LWS [m /s] 퐷(푥) Dispersion coefficient as a function of 푥 [m2/s] 퐸 Tidal excursion [m] 퐸0 Tidal excursion at the estuary mouth [m] Gravitational acceleration [m/s2] ℎ̅ Tidal average depth [m] ℎ0 Depth at the estuary mouth [m] 퐻 Tidal range [m] 퐾 Van der Burgh’s coefficient [-] 퐿 Salt intrusion length [m] 푃 Wetted perimeter [m] 푃 Tidal prism [m3] 푃푛 Net rainfall in an estuary [m/s] 푞 Coefficient of the advective -
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SOUTHERN AFRICA Flash Update No.11 – Tropical Cyclone Eloise As of 28 January 2021 HIGHLIGHTS • More than 270,000 people have been affected by Eloise across Southern Africa, including 267,289 in Mozambique, more than 1,000 in Zimbabwe and more than 1,000 in Eswatini. • The death toll from Eloise has risen to 21, including 11 in Mozambique, 3 in Zimbabwe, 4 in Eswatini, 2 in South Africa and 1 in Madagascar. • With flood waters present in multiple locations, the risk of water-borne diseases, including cholera, is high. • Tens of thousands of hectares of crops have been flooded due to the Eloise weather system, which could have consequences for the next harvest and food security in the period ahead. SITUATION OVERVIEW The Eloise weather system has left at least 21 people dead -11 in Mozambique, 3 in Zimbabwe, 4 in Eswatini, 2 in South Africa and 1 in Madagascar- and affected more than 270,000 people across Southern Africa, according to preliminary information which continues to be updated as new data becomes available. Although the damage wrought by Eloise to date has been less widespread than Tropical Cyclone Idai in 2019, homes, crops and infrastructure in Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Eswatini and South Africa have been damaged or destroyed. In Mozambique, the number of people affected by Tropical Storm Eloise has risen to 267,289, as assessment teams have reached areas impacted by the storm and further information is becoming available. At least 20,167 people are sheltering in 32 temporary accommodation centres after being displaced by flooding, where urgent needs include clean water and sanitation to prevent disease outbreaks.