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Distribution of Metzgeriales in India*

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Distribution of Metzgeriales in India* R eferences AtBON, N., Bell, D,I., Blanchard, P.H., Pazur, J.H., AND D. French. 1952. J. Biol. G ross, D. an d R undelh, J.T. 1953, Ketose: Chem. 196: 265-272. a trisaccharide formed from sucrose by Yeasi RAN3AN, s.. GOVJNDJEE AND M.M. LaLORAYA, invertase. J. Chem. Soc. Pt. 2: 24-27. 1955. Chromatographic studies on the BEAtruo, F.J., AND J.S.D. B acon. 1953. The amino acid metabolism of healthy and action of mould enzymes on sucrose. diseased leaves of Croion sparsiflorus Morong. Biochem. Jour. 53 : 277-285. Proc. naln. Inst. Sci. India. 21: 42-47. Bilorami, K.S. 1964. Studies on formation Reddy, S.M. 1969. Studies on oligosacch­ and role of synthetic oligosaccharides during aride synthesis by five species of Helmintho.s- the utilization of complex carbohydrates. porlum. Path Microbiol., 34: 360-365. Flora 154: 81-88. ----- . AND IC.S. Bn.GRAMi 1973. Oligosacch­ Cochrane, V.W. 1958. Physiology of ['tmgi. aride synthesis by species otHelmimhosporium. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. New York. Proc. Ind. Sci. Acad., 39 B: 293-220. Fischer, E.H., L. Kohu:s, and J. Feiiino, Srivastava, H.P. and K-.S. Bhxjrami. 1976. 1951. H ch. Chim. A da. 34: 1132-1138. Carbohydrate metabolism in fungi; Degrad­ G hosh, A.K. 1966. Studies on ihc synthesis of ation of higher carbohydrate and role of oligosaccharides by two species of Colleto- transglycosidascs. U.G.C. sponsored .sympos­ Irlchtim. Flora. 156: 369-389. ium on "Physiology of micro-organism” ------1968. Utiiization of oligosaccharides by Hhag. Univ., p. 7. three pathogenic isolates of Colletoiriihum Tamdon, R.N., AND K.S. Ilir.oRAMi. 1957. gloeosporioides. Mycopath. et M yrol, annl. Assimilation of disaccharides by some fungi 35: 286-290. causing leaf spot disatses. Proc. Ind. Acad. L al, B., AND R.N. Tandon, 1968. Uiilization Sci. 46: 274-284. and synthesis of oliso.saccharides by .some ----- ., AND----- . 1958. The utilization and pathogenic isolates of Collelotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler and Bisby. Proc. natn. Acad. Sri .synthesis of oligosaccharides by (wo species of Pcstalotia. Proc. naln. Acad. Sci. India. 24B; India. 38: 269-278. 118-124. AND ■ 1969. Utilization and syn­ thesis of oligosaccharides by some pathogenic —— AND S. C handra. 1962. The utili­ isolates of CoUetotrichum gioeosporioide.t Penz. zation of oligosaccharides by some fungi Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. India. 35 (B): 460-469. causing leaf spot diseases. Flora. 152: 241-252. MbHROTRA, B.S., AND U.P. A gnihotri. 1961. WliJiON. E.M., AND V.O. ULI.Y. 1958. The The utilization and synthesis of oligosacch­ utilization of oligosaccharides by some arides by some ascosporic species of Asper­ species of Ceratocysti.t. Mvcologia. 50: gillus niduians group. Phyton 16: 195-206. 376-389. J. Indian bot. Soc. 58 : 33-39, 1979. - DISTRIBUTION OF METZGERIALES IN INDIA* B y s . C . S rivastava a n d R am U dar Department o f Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow A bstract This paper de^ls with the distribution of various taxa of Metzgeriales in India. Out of 32 genera of this order. 12 are represented in thit country with 58 taxa (including a sub species and a variety) embracing 1. Accepted for publication on May 5,1978. Contribution from the Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, Biyophyta (New Series) No. 101. Thanks are due to University Grants Commi.ssion for financial assistance. Trcubiaceae, Fossombroaiaceae, Pelliacea«, Blasiaceae, Pallavidniaceae, Metzgeriaceae and Aneuraceae. East Himalayan territory hosts a maximum of 40 taxa of which Metzgerla spp. and Rkcardia spp. are dominant. South Indian territory ranks second including 25 species of which 13 are common to East Himalayan territory. Out of 7 species of Fossombronia known from this country, 6 occur in south India. West Himalayan territory contains 21 taxa of which 9 are common to south Indian territory and 14 to East Himalayan territory. The region of Central India has only 8 species, 6 of which are common to East Himalayan territory and 5 species each to south Indian and West Himalayan territories. Panjab and the west Rajasthan plains have a minimum of 2 species of which Aneura pinguis is common to all the bryological territories of the country whereas Petahphyllum indicum is common to Panjab and south India. Occurrence of common species in different territories indicates affinity in (heir hepatic flora. I ntroduction Austrometzgeria Kuwah. (Kuwahara, 1966), Apertithallus Kuwah. (Kuwahara, Metzgerialcs, according to Schuster 1968), Steereella Kuwah. (Kuwahara, (1966), have four suborders (Treubiinae, 1973) and Hattorianthus Schust. and Codoniinae, Aneuriinae aad Phyllothal- Inoue (Schuster and Inoue, 1975). In liinac) with 24 geiiera distributed among recent years genus /{(ccorf/ia has been split 8 families (Treubiaceae, Fossombronia- into two distinct genera: Riccardia Gray ceae, Blasiaceac, Dilaenaccae, Hymeno- and Aneura Dum. (see Mizutani and phytaceae, Aneuraceae, Metzgeriaceae Hattori, J957; Schuster, 1958; Grolle, and Phyllothalliaceae) excluding Monoclea 1960, Srivastava and Udar, 1975 b, which forms a separate order of its own: 1976). According to Schuster (1964) Monocleales (see also Schuster, 1958; Riccardia Gray consists of three subgenera 1963). However, according to earlier (viz. subgen. Riccardia (Gray) Carr., treatment members of this group were subgen. Anomaneura Schust. and subgen. considered to represent a sub order Phycaneura Schust.) and Aneura Dum. (Mctzgerineae: Anacrogynae) under consists of two subgenera (viz., subgen. Jungermanniales (Evans, 1939). Metz- Lobatiriccardia (Mizut. and Hatt.) Schust. gerineae, according to Evans consists of and subgen. Aneura Dum.). 8 families (Treubiaceae, Fossombroni- Thus the order Metzgerialcs (Suborder aceae, PelHaceae, Blasiaceae, Pallavici- Metzgerineae: sensu Evans, 1939) includes niaceae, Metzgeriaceae, Riccardiaceae the following 32 genera viz., Treubia and Monocleaceae) and 21 genera inclu­ Goebel, Apotreubia Hatt. and Mizut., ding Monoclea. Fossombronia Raddi, Petahphyllum Since the publication of Evans Gottsche, Sewardiella Kash,, i?/aj/a(Mich.) (1939), many new genera were established L., Cavicularia St., Pellia Raddi, Notero- in this group namely, Allisonia Herz. clada Spruce, VerdoorniaSchusi., Makinoa (Herzog, 1941), Verdoornia Schust., Miyaki, Pallavicinia Gray, Calycularia XenothalJus Schust. (Schuster, 1963), Mitt., Moerckia Gottsche, Makednothallus Phyllothallia Hodgs. (Hodgson, 1964), Verd., Koermickia St., Symphyogyna Nees Apotreubia Hatt. and Mizut. (Hattori et Mont., Xenothallus Schust., Allisonia et al., 1966), Apometzgeria Kuwah., Herz., Hymenophyton Dum., Podomitrium M itt, Riccardia Gray, Aneura Dum., number of taxa (40) are distributed Cryptothallus Malmb., Apometzgeria in the East Himalayan territory (see Kuwah., Metzgeria Raddi. Austrometzgeria (Stephani, 1900; Mitten, 1861; Kashyap, Kuwah. Apertithallus Kuwah., SteereeUa 1929; Chopra. 1938 a; Herzog, 1939; Kuwah., Phyllothallia Hodgs., Hattori- Pande and Srivastava, 1953; Kuwahara, anthus Schust. and Inoue, and Monoclea 1965,1969,1975; Hattori, 1966; .Srivastava Hook. The last genus has been considered and Udar, 1975a, 1976, Udar ct al., 197» by Schuster (1958, 1966) to represent an and Srivastava, 1976, 1978). It is inter­ order of its own (Monocleales) under esting that this territory houses the subclass Marchantiae. However, Evans maximum number of taxa of Riccardia (1939) treats it in Monocleaceae under (6) and Metzgeria (17) known so far from Met2gerineae. India and phytogeographically related Out of the above 32 genera, only 12 territory of Nepal. are represented in India. These are; The South Indian territory ranks second Apotreubia (Treubiaceae), Fossombronia, after the East Himalayan territory and is Petalophyllum, Sewardiella (Fossombro- also very rich in Metzgerialean forms. A niaceae), Blasia (Blasiaceae), Pellia, total of 25 species are reported from this Calycularia (Pelliaceae), Aneura, Riccardia territory (see Stephani 1917; Chopra, (Aneuraceae), Pallavicinia (Pallavici- 1938; Pande and Srivastava, 1953; Bapna, niaceae), Apometzgeria and Metzgeria 1958; Parihar, 1961-62; Srivastava, 1961; (Metzgeriaceae) (see Srivastava, 1969; Udar and Srivastava, 1970, Srivastava and Udar, 1976). Udar, 1975, 1975a, 1975b, 1976). Out of The present paper gives an up to date the 25 species, 13 are common to East record of the Indian taxa of Metzgeriales Himalayan territory. South Indian including the range of their distribution territory is unique in hosting all the in the country. Indian species of Fossombronia, except F. Kashyapii, known so far. Metzgeria D istribution indica, M. pandei, M. nllgiriensis and Fossombronia forcaui are endemic to this In his presidential address of the Annual territory. session of the Indian Botanical Society The West Himalayan territory is known Pandc (1958) proposed the following to host 21 taxa (see Stephani, 1900; bryogeographical units for the hepatic Kashyap, 1915, 1917, 1929, 1932; Pande vegetation of India: The West Himalayan and Srivastava, 1955; Pande and Udar, territory, The East Himalayan territory. 1956, Kuwahara, 1975; Srivastava and Panjab and the west Rajasthan Plains, Udar, 1975, 1975a, 1976). Out of these Central India and the Gangetic Plain only 9 taxa are common to South Indian and Southern zone. The southern territory and 14 to the East Himalayan zone includes (a) The West Coast Region territory indicating thereby affinity in the and (b) The East Coast Region and hepatic flora of these territories. Fosso­ Deccan Plateau. mbronia kashyapii and Sewardiella tuberl- In all.
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