Possible Environmental Issues with Mitigation Measures & Benefit of the Project
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Draft Report E4141v6 Environmental Management Framework (EMF) Public Disclosure Authorized COASTAL EMBANKMENT IMPROVEMENT PROJECT PHASE-I PROJECT (CEIP-I) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized January 31, 2013 Dhaka Bangladesh Water Development Board Public Disclosure Authorized Ministry of Water Resources Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh i Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………………………… ...... vi List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................ vi Abbreviations and Acronyms .............................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ viii Chapter 1 : Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Rationale of the Environmental Management Framework (EMF) .............................................. 2 1.3 Approach and Methodology for Developing the EMF ................................................................ 2 1.4 Structure of the Report ................................................................................................................ 2 Chapter 2 : Description of the Proposed Project .................................................................................. 4 2.1 Proposed CEIP project ................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Description of Project Component .............................................................................................. 4 2.3 Proposed Interventions of CEIP with Possible Environmental Concern ..................................... 7 Chapter 3 : Environmental Policies, Legal and Administrative Framework ..................................... 9 3.1 Relevant Government Policies, Acts, Rules and Strategy ........................................................... 9 3.1.1 Environmental policy, 1992 ............................................................................................. 9 3.1.2 National Environment Management Action Plan, 1995 .................................................. 9 3.1.3 Bangladesh Environmental Conservation Act (ECA), 1995 ............................................ 9 3.1.4 Bangladesh Environmental Conservation Act (ECA), (Amendments) 2010 ................. 10 3.1.5 Bangladesh Environmental Conservation Rules (ECR), 1997 ....................................... 10 3.1.6 Bangladesh Environment Court Act, 2010..................................................................... 11 3.1.7 National Water Policy, 1999 .......................................................................................... 11 3.1.8 National Water Management Plan, 2001 (Approved in 2004) ....................................... 11 3.1.9 Coastal Zone Policy, 2005 ............................................................................................. 12 3.1.10 Coastal Development Strategy, 2006 ............................................................................. 12 3.1.11 National land use policy (MoL, 2001) ........................................................................... 12 3.1.12 National Agriculture Policy, 1999 ................................................................................. 13 3.1.13 National Fisheries Policy, 1996 ..................................................................................... 13 3.1.14 National Livestock Development Policy, 2007 .............................................................. 13 3.1.15 Forestry Acts .................................................................................................................. 13 3.1.16 Forest Act 1927 (Amendment 2000) .............................................................................. 14 3.1.17 Private Forest Ordinance (PFO), 1959 ........................................................................... 14 3.1.18 Private Forest Policy 1994 ............................................................................................. 14 3.1.19 Social Forestry Rules, 2004 and Amendments .............................................................. 15 3.1.20 Standing Orders on Disaster, 2010 ................................................................................. 15 3.1.21 National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) ..................................................... 15 3.1.22 Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCSAP) 2009 ........................ 16 3.1.23 The Embankment and Drainage Act, 1952 .................................................................... 16 3.1.24 Bangladesh Labor Act, 2006 .......................................................................................... 17 3.1.25 Bangladesh National Building Code, 2006 .................................................................... 17 3.2 Implication of GoB Polices, Acts and Rules on CEIP & Classification .................................... 18 3.3 Detailed Steps of In Country Environmental Clearance Procedure........................................... 18 3.4 World Bank's Environmental Safeguards Policy ....................................................................... 19 3.4.1 General Description of World Bank Safeguard Policy .................................................. 19 3.4.2 OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment .............................................................................. 20 3.4.3 OP 4.04: Natural Habitats .............................................................................................. 20 ii 3.4.4 OP 4.07: Water Resources Management ........................................................................ 20 3.4.5 OP 4.11: Physical Cultural Resources ............................................................................ 21 3.4.6 OP 4.36: Forests ............................................................................................................. 21 3.4.7 IFC Environmental Health & Safety Guideline ............................................................. 21 3.5 Implications of the World Bank Policies on CEIP & Environmental Category ........................ 22 3.6 ‘Public consultation and disclosure’ requirements by World Bank........................................... 22 Chapter 4 : Environmental and Social Baseline ................................................................................. 23 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 23 4.2 Physical Settings of the Coastal Regions ................................................................................... 24 4.2.1 Climate ........................................................................................................................... 24 4.2.2 Land Use ........................................................................................................................ 25 4.3 State of the Environment ........................................................................................................... 26 4.3.1 Water Resources ............................................................................................................. 26 4.3.2 Morphological condition ................................................................................................ 27 4.3.3 Sedimentation and Accretion ......................................................................................... 27 4.3.4 River functionalities and estuary processes ................................................................... 28 4.3.5 Air water and noise quality ............................................................................................ 28 4.3.6 Soil and Agriculture ....................................................................................................... 30 4.3.7 Fisheries ......................................................................................................................... 32 4.3.8 Ecosystems and Biodiversity ......................................................................................... 34 4.3.9 Mangrove forest ............................................................................................................. 34 4.3.10 Natural Hazards and Disasters ....................................................................................... 35 4.4 Socio economic conditions ........................................................................................................ 40 4.5 Assessment of Intervention Requirement from Baseline Survey .............................................. 41 Chapter 5 : Analysis of Alternatives .................................................................................................... 42 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 42 5.2 No Action Alternative 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