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View Effective Ex- Ercise Options for Dysmenorrhea with the Adolescents The Journal of Advanced Health Informatics Vol. 1 Issue. 4 July-Dec. 2018 The Journal of Advanced The Journal of Advanced Health Informatics Health Informatics JAHI ISSN: e – 2456-9313 Available from URL: http://mbnc.edu.in/UTUJAHI.html RESEARCH ARTICLE The Effect of Aerobic Exercises on Reduction of Dysmenorrhoea among Adolescent Girls Mrs.Nimmy Augustine, Mrs. Sudha Maheswari, Sr. Jacintha D’Souza Lourde College of Nursing, Taliparamba, Kannur. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecologic complaint among adolescent Received 10th Sept, 2018 females. It is usually primary, and is associated with normal ovulatory cycles and th with no pelvic pathology. An evaluatory approach with Quasi experimental (non- Received in revised form 26 Sept,2018 equivalent control group) design was used for the study. The sample consisted of 30 adolescent girls (15+15) selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were Accepted on 1st Oct. 2018 collected using dysmenorrhoea assessment scale which included descriptive pain Published online on 4th Oct. 2018 scale and symptom rating scale, prepared by the investigator. Aerobic exercises were taught and supervised by the investigator. The mean percentage of post test dysmenorrrhoea score (54.58) was lower than the pre test score (83.87) in the Key Words: experimental group which was significant at 0.05 level. The statistical analysis Aerobic, Exercise, Dysmenor- showed a significant reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhoea among adoles- cent girls in the experimental group after the introduction of aerobic exercises rhoea, Adolescent. (t14=19.21). The mean percentage of post-test dysmenorrhoea scores (54.58) of experimental group was less than the post test dysmenorrhoea scores (64.58) of the control group. The‘t’ value computed between the experimental and control Corresponding Author: group after the intervention was statistically significant at 0.05 level. (t28=12.06). Mrs. Nimmy Augustine, The findings of the study showed that dysmenorrhoea scores of adolescent girls Lourde College of Nursing, Talipa- in experimental group reduced after the aerobic exercises, whereas, it remained the same in control group. The adolescent care providers’ role is to explain the ramba, Kannur. pathophysiology of dysmenorrrhoea to every adolescent female, address any con- cern that the adolescent has, about her menstrual period, and review effective ex- ercise options for Dysmenorrhea with the adolescents. Copyright © UTUJAHI 2018. Mrs. Nimmy Augustine, Mrs. Sudha Maheswari, and Sr. Jacintha D’Souza This is an open access article distribut- ed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction Need for the Study Adolescence is a period in a young girl’s life which her- An estimated 25% of India's population out of 138 million alds a change; not quite a little girl, not quite a young is aged 15-25 years. Girls aged 10-19 years comprise woman. It is regarded as the unique phase of human de- about 22% of the female population. A wide range of is- velopment and the parents of near future are moulded dur- sues and concerns are faced by adolescents in India, in- ing this stage. It is a fascinating period of life as well as a cluding reproductive health problems, nutritional deficien- period of great complexity that marks a vital stage in hu- cies, sexually transmitted diseases, and mental and physi- man development. Adolescence refers to a long transition cal stress-related problems. Stress often results in the period in life between childhood and adulthood involving abuse of tobacco and other habit-forming drugs. Nutrition, major biologic, physiological, cognitive and social devel- reproductive health, pregnancy, sexuality, and mental and opment. The period of adolescence is filled with intellec- social concerns are also related to adolescents. tual and emotional changes in addition to other major bio- One of the physiological changes among adolescent girls logical and physical changes. It is a time of discovery of is menarche. The adolescent girl may feel it as a critical self and one’s relationship to the world around her. Ado- life event. Menarche is the first real indication that a girl’s lescence is a sensitive and important phase in an individu- reproductive mechanism is matured. Menstruation is a al's life during which a multidisciplinary approach must be normal physiological cycle, common to all females of re- taken to both understanding and solving her problems. productive age group. [email protected] 145 The Journal of Advanced Health Informatics Vol. 1 Issue. 4 July-Dec. 2018 Millions of women of reproductive age have recurrent Sample and sampling techniques emotional, cognitive and physical symptoms related to Sample: The study sample consisted of 30 adolescent their menstrual cycles like dysmenorrhoea, amenorrhea girls with dysmenorrhoea, studying in selected rural PU and oligomenorrhoea. colleges, Mulki, Mangalore. Experimental group had 15 adolescent girls who Statement of the problem were given the aerobic exercises. Control group had 15 Effect of aerobic exercises on relief of dysmenorrhoea adolescent girls who were not given the aerobic exercises. among adolescent girls in selected rural colleges of Mulki, Mangalore. Inclusion criteria: Adolescent girls; Objectives of selected rural colleges in Mulki, Mangalore. To determine the severity of dysmenorrhoea among who are in the age group of 16 – 19 years. adolescent girls in experimental and control group who have regular menstruation. using dysmenorrhoea assessment scale. who have moderate to unbearable pain. To find the effect of aerobic exercises in terms of re- who are willing to participate in the study. duction in dysmenorrhoea score in experimental group. Exclusion criteria: To compare the severity of dysmenorrhoea in experi- Adolescent girls; mental and control groups. who had already been under treatment for dysmenor- rhoea. Hypothesis who had mild pain H1: There will be significant difference between the mean who had undergone similar training pre and post test dysmenorrhoea scores of adolescent girls in the experimental group. Sampling techniques H2: There will be significant difference between the mean Purposive sampling technique was used in order to post test dysmenorrhoea scores of adolescent girls in ex- achieve the objectives. perimental and control groups. Description of the tools In this study, three tools were used. They are: Methods and Materials Tool I: Pre- screening assessment: This was designed Research approach: An evaluatory resear ch approach to identify the samples who fulfilled the criteria. It had was used and the subjects were selected by purposive seven statements. sampling and then assigned randomly for the intended Tool II: Baseline characteristics: This was prepared to treatment. obtain the background information of the participants and Research design: The resear ch design selected for this consisted of four statements. study was quasi experimental (non-equivalent control Tool III: Dysmenorrhoea assessment scale. It had two group) design because the study was intended to ascertain parts. the reduction of severity of dysmenorrhoea among adoles- cent girls with the help of aerobic exercises. Part I: Descriptive pain scale: This was a five point scale to determine the severity of pain during dysmenor- Variables rhoea among the subjects. Dependent variable: Severity of dysmenorrhoea is the de- Scoring: pendent variable, which includes pain and associated No pain-0 symptoms among adolescent girls. Mild pain-2 Independent variable: The independent variable is the Moderate pain-4 aerobic exercises which were expected to bring the change Severe pain-6 Minimum score- 0 in dependent variable. Unbearable pain-8 Maximum score- 8 Part II: Symptom rating scale: It consisted of 20 symp- Settings of the study toms which adolescent girls usually experience during Study was conducted in selected rural colleges where co- dysmenorrhoea. education is offered and has a total strength of 606 stu- Scoring: dents which are situated within 5 kilometers from the Always-2 study centre. Sometimes-1 Minimum score- 0 Never-0 Maximum score- 48 [email protected] 146 The Journal of Advanced Health Informatics Vol. 1 Issue. 4 July-Dec. 2018 Arbitrary grading of dysmenorrhoea: Opinion fr om Data presented in the table show that all (100%) adolescent girls the statistician, guide and experts were taken to develop had severe pain before aerobic exercises and all (100%) the ado- the criteria for interpretation of the level of dysmenor- lescent girls had a relief from severe pain after aerobic exercis- rhoea which are arbitrarily described as follows: es. Table 3: Severity of Dysmenorrhoea Before and After Grade Score Percentage (%) Aerobic Exercise in Control Group. n=15 Mild 01-16 ≤ 33 Moderate 17-32 34 - 66 Severity Pre-test Post-test Severe 33-48 67 - 100 F % F % Description of aerobic exercises Mild Pain (01-16) 0 0 0 The intervention for the present study was aerobic exercis- Moderate pain (17-32 11 73.3 11 73.3 es for relief of dysmenorrhoea. The investigator had un- Severe pain (33-48) 4 26.7 4 26.7 dergone one week of practical training. Warm up exercis- es, aerobic exercises and stretching exercises were admin- Data presented in the table show that majority (73.3%) of istered to adolescent girls with dysmenorrhoea, for 45 adolescents
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