FISH TERMINOLOGIES
Archaeological Object Type Thesaurus
Report Format: Hierarchical listing - alpha
Notes: For the recording of portable archaeological objects.
Date: February 2021 ABACUS purposes. SN A calculating table or frame, specifically one in CL ECOFACTS which balls slide upon wires. Used for the BT DEPOSIT mechanical solution of arithmetical problems. AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE CL MEASUREMENT NT PARACHUTE SN Objects associated with cultivation, the rearing of livestock, gathering, hunting, fishing, horticulture ADAPTED and the primary processing of foodstuffs. SN A car adapted for ease of use by people with CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE disabilities. NT BEE SKEP CL TRANSPORT BEEHIVE BT CAR CROOK CULTIVATION OBJECT ADZE FISHING OBJECT SN A cutting tool where the plane of the blade is at GRINDING EQUIPMENT right angles to the shaft. HARVESTING AND MOWING OBJECT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HUNTING OBJECT BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT HURDLE ADZE HAMMER MILKING VESSEL MILL PADDLE SN A shafthole adze with additional hammer knob, PITCHFORK normally polished stone. THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT AIRCRAFT STRIKING EQUIPMENT SN A machine that can be flown in the air, now ADZEHEAD specifically an aeroplane or helicopter. CL TRANSPORT UF Shafthole Adze BT VEHICLE SN The cutting or chopping part of an adze; bifacially worked, longitudinal section symmetrical, cutting AIRCRAFT COMPONENT edge parallel to the direction of the hafted tool as SN Any part of an aircraft. Use more specific term swung. where known. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TRANSPORT BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT BT VEHICLE COMPONENT AEOLIAN DEPOSIT NT AIRCRAFT ENGINE SN A wind-blown deposit. AIRCRAFT ENGINE CL ECOFACTS SN The engine housed within the fuselage of an BT DEPOSIT aircraft that powers its flight. NT COVERSAND CL TRANSPORT LOESS BT AIRCRAFT COMPONENT AERIAL MINE ENGINE SN A mine designed specifically to be dropped from Alam an aircraft, often into the sea. USE RELIGIOUS STANDARD CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS ALBARELLO BT MINE SN A concave sided jar made in tin-glazed AESICA BROOCH earthenware. (Source: MPRG) UF Hook Norton Brooch CL CONTAINER SN A mid-1st century AD brooch influenced by the BT CONCAVE SIDED JAR Thistle type, commonly with projections on the ALDIS LAMP upper bow and widening to a triangular plate, often described as a fantail, below. SN A handheld lamp used to send morse code CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES messages ship-to-ship or ship-to-shore.The lamp BT BOW BROOCH and its reflector can be covered/uncovered by a trigger operated shutter. AESTEL CL VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS SN An object to point at words whilst reading, eg the ALEMBIC Alfred jewel. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A type of retort used for distillation. BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY CL CONTAINER BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER AGRICULTURAL DEPOSIT ALIDADE UF Cultivation Soil Garden Soil SN A scale or index of a sextant, astrolabe or similar Plough Soil instrument. SN Use for deposits formed as a result of the CL MEASUREMENT modification of soils by humans for agricultural
2 ALLUVIUM AMPHIBIAN REMAINS UF Waterlain Silt SN Deposits laid down as the result of river action. SN Use for the remains of any part of an amphibian. CL ECOFACTS CL ECOFACTS BT DEPOSIT BT VERTEBRATE REMAINS ALTAR AMPHORA UF Altar Base SN Storage vessel, usually a two handled narrow SN A structure consecrated for devotional purposes. necked jar. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER Altar Base AMPULLA USE ALTAR UF Pilgrim Bottle SN A miniature lead phial worn around the neck as a ALTAR CROSS religious pilgrim sign, generally medieval. SN A cross designed to be placed upon an altar. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY BT CROSS CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER ALTAR VASE SN A vase used on the altar. AMULET CL CONTAINER UF Amulet Ring BT ALTAR VESSEL Amulet Seal CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Talisman BT ALTAR VESSEL SN A trinket worn as a protection against evil. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL ALTAR VESSEL BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY SN A container used upon the altar. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL CONTAINER BT JEWELLERY BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER AMULET CAPSULE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL NT ALTAR VASE SN A case or container for an amulet. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES ALTARPIECE BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY SN A decorative piece connected to the altar. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Amulet Ring BT RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT USE AMULET FINGER RING ALTIMETER SN Use both terms. SN An instrument for measuring height above sea level. Amulet Seal CL MEASUREMENT USE AMULET SEAL MATRIX ALUDEL SN Use both terms. SN An object used in the sublimation process. It is ANCHOR pear shaped with both ends open. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UF Anchor Stone SN A heavy weight used to moor a ship. AMMUNITION CL TRANSPORT SN Articles used in charging guns and ordnance. BT WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT PROJECTILE Anchor Stone NT BULLET USE ANCHOR CANISTER (SHOT) Angle Bracket CANNON BALL CARTRIDGE USE BRACKET MORTAR BOMB ANGLE TIE MUSKET BALL SN A bar fixed across a frame at an angle to stiffen SHELL CASE it. SHOT CL UNASSIGNED RT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER BT FASTENING AMMUNITION POUCH ANGON SN A container used to hold ammunition. SN A long spear with a double barb where one barb CL CONTAINER is longer than the other. BT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT JAVELIN BT MILITARY EQUIPMENT
3 ANIMAL BELL ANIMAL REMAINS SN A bell worn by an animal, eg sheep, goats, cows UF Animal Bone and hawks, to inform the owner of the animal's Animal Horn position. Animal Skeleton CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT Animal Skull NT COW BELL Animal Tooth HAWK BELL Antler Antler Tine Animal Bone Calf Hair USE ANIMAL REMAINS Cattle Nasal Bone ANIMAL BROOCH Faunal Remains Knuckle Bone (Remains) SN An enamelled plate brooch, dating from the SN The remains of any part of any animal. Use second and third centuries AD, depicting an specific term where possible. animal often with religious significance, such as CL ECOFACTS hares, birds, fish and horses, sometimes with NT ANIMAL MICRO REMAINS rider. BUTCHERED ANIMAL REMAINS CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES INVERTEBRATE REMAINS BT PLATE BROOCH VERTEBRATE REMAINS ANIMAL CARE EQUIPMENT RT FORAMINIFERA SN Equipment used in the care and upkeep of ANIMAL SHOE animals, usually used directly on the animal. SN A shoe fixed to an animal, either permanently or CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT temporarily, to protect the hoof and provide NT BUTTERIS improved grip. CURRY COMB CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT ANIMAL COLLAR NT DONKEY SHOE HIPPOSANDAL SN A band of material, often leather, or a chain or HORSESHOE similar worn around the neck of an animal for OX SHOE identification and or restraint. Where this is part of harness use the specific harness term. Animal Skeleton CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT USE ANIMAL REMAINS ANIMAL EQUIPMENT Animal Skull SN Objects associated with the care and use of USE ANIMAL REMAINS animals. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT Animal Tooth NT ANIMAL BELL USE ANIMAL REMAINS ANIMAL CARE EQUIPMENT Ankle Guard ANIMAL COLLAR ANIMAL SHOE USE LEG GUARD COCKSPUR ANKLET GOAD HARNESS SN An ornamental chain, worn around the ankle. HARNESS FITTING CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES HAWKING EQUIPMENT BT JEWELLERY HOBBLE ANNELID REMAINS HORSE ARMOUR UF Earthworm Remains HORSE TRAPPING SN Remains of animals characterized as having JINGLE JANGLE bodies made up of annular segments, such as LEASH worms and leeches. Earthworm eggs and MUZZLE granule comonly occur. Bristle worms are found SADDLE associated with marine molluscs. SHOEING NAIL CL ECOFACTS STIRRUP INVERTEBRATE REMAINS STIRRUP STRAP MOUNT BT STIRRUP TERMINAL ANNULAR BROOCH Animal Horn SN A ring shaped brooch, commonly Anglo-Saxon USE ANIMAL REMAINS and medieval. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES ANIMAL MICRO REMAINS BT BROOCH SN Microscopic animal remains. Use more specific Ansate Brooch term if known. CATERPILLAR BROOCH CL ECOFACTS USE BT ANIMAL REMAINS Antefix USE ROOF FINIAL
4 CL ARCHITECTURE Anthropomorphic Jug BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT USE FACE JUG RT KEYSTONE SN (Source: MPRG) Archetype Antler USE PROTOTYPE USE ANIMAL REMAINS ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT Antler Tine SN Parts of a building's fabric, structures and USE ANIMAL REMAINS associated services, eg drain pipe. If the ANVIL structure is complete use a monument type thesaurus. SN A block, usually of iron, upon which objects are CL ARCHITECTURE shaped and hammered eg in smithing. NT ARCH CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BALUSTER APOTHECARY JAR BEAM BOSS SN A jar used to store medicines, drugs or the CAPITAL constituent parts of medicines and drugs. CHIMNEY CL CONTAINER CHIMNEY POT BT MEDICAL CONTAINER COLUMN CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY CORBEL BT MEDICAL CONTAINER DOOR APOTHECARY LADLE DRAIN COVER SN A ladle used for the making of drugs and FINIAL (ARCHITECTURAL) medicines. FLOOR CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY GARGOYLE GATE APOTHECARY WEIGHT GRILLE SN One of a set used in pharmacy to measure GUTTERING volume or weight for dispensing. JAMB CL MEASUREMENT KEYSTONE BT WEIGHT LINTEL LOUVRE APPLE CORER MOULDING SN A tool for removing the core from an apple. PANEL CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION PIER BT CORER PILLAR PIPE (ARCHITECTURAL) APRON POST SN A protective outer garment. SILL BEAM CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES STADDLE STONE BT OUTERWEAR STEP APRON FITTING TIE BAR TYMPANUM SN A specialised fitting for Roman armour. For a part VAULT SPRINGER of a garment use APRON. VOUSSOIR CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS WALL BT ARMOUR
5 STRUCTURAL TIMBER SHIELD TESSERA ARMOUR
6 SN A projectile fired from a bow. measurements, especially of the altitudes of CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS celestial bodies and as an aid in navigation. BT PROJECTILE CL MEASUREMENT RT ARROW STRAIGHTENER BT ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENT ARROWHEAD ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENT BOW (WEAPON) QUIVER SN An instrument for viewing or measuring information on heavenly bodies. Arrow Shaft Straightener CL MEASUREMENT USE ARROW STRAIGHTENER NT ASTROLABE NOCTURNAL Arrow Smoother OCTANT USE ARROW STRAIGHTENER SEXTANT ARROW STRAIGHTENER AUCISSA BROOCH UF Arrow Shaft Straightener SN Imported Roman brooch with a wide, highly Arrow Smoother arched flat backed bow, one end rolled forward SN A stone grooved on one face thought to have onto the head to form a hinge for the the pin. been used to straighten and smooth arrow Named for the head inscription assumed to be a shafts. maker's name. Dated to first half of 1st entury CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT AD. BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES RT ARROW BT BOW BROOCH ARROWHEAD AUGER SN The weapon end of an arrow, often shaped for SN A tool with a cross handle at one end and a particular uses. spoon shaped or gouge cutter at the other, used CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS for drilling holes. BT PROJECTILE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT HOLLOW BASED ARROWHEAD BT DRILLING EQUIPMENT LEAF ARROWHEAD NT SPOON AUGER TRANSVERSE ARROWHEAD TWIST AUGER TRIANGULAR ARROWHEAD AUGER BIT RT ARROW SN The cutting part of an auger. ARTHROPOD REMAINS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN Remains of the animal group characterized by BT DRILLING EQUIPMENT having jointed limbs and segmented bodies, including woodlice, spiders, insects etc. Note, Aulos crustaceans have been included in this category. USE REED PIPE CL ECOFACTS Automobile BT INVERTEBRATE REMAINS NT ARACHNID REMAINS USE CAR CRUSTACEAN REMAINS AWL INSECT REMAINS SN A simple, pointed implement for piercing. PARASITE REMAINS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ASH BT PIERCING EQUIPMENT SN A residue left as the result of the burning of AXE material. CL ECOFACTS SN A tool with an edged head and a wooden shaft, used for a variety of purposes. Where the BT DEPOSIT function is known use the more specific terms of NT TEPHRA AXE (TOOL) or AXE (WEAPON). Asperges CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE HOLY WATER SPRINKLER BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS Aspergill BT EDGED WEAPON USE HOLY WATER SPRINKLER NT AXE (TOOL) ASSEMBLAGE AXE (WEAPON) HATCHET UF Grave Goods SN A collection of associated artefacts recovered AXE (TOOL) from a single site. UF Celt CL UNASSIGNED SN A tool with an edged head and a wooden shaft, used for a variety of purposes. ASTROLABE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN An instrument, usually consisting of a disc and BT AXE pointer, formerly used to make astronomical
7 AXE (WEAPON) CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A weapon featuring a single or double edged BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY head attached to a wooden shaft. BACKED BLADE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT AXE SN A stone blade with one edge blunted. NT BATTLEAXE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT POLE AXE BT BLADE THROWING AXE BACKED BLADELET AXE HAMMER SN A small stone blade with one edge blunted. SN An axe with a cutting edge and a hammer head. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT BT STRIKING EQUIPMENT Backed Knife AXE MOULD USE KNIFE SN A mould in which an axehead is cast. BACKPLATE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT MOULD SN Piece of armour worn to protect the back, often permanently connected to the breastplate. AXE TRIMMING FLAKE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN Characteristic waste flakes struck off in the BT ARMOUR
8 Balance Beam SN A vertical pillar or post, often shaped. Balance Pan CL ARCHITECTURE Balance Pin BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT Scale Pan BALUSTER JUG Scales SN An apparatus for weighing, usually consists of a SN A jug with a sinuous profile where the rim, girth beam on a pivot with a means of supporting the and base are of roughly equal diameter, and the object to be weighed on one side and weights on neck and lower body are narrower.(Source: the other. MPRG) CL MEASUREMENT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION NT SPRING BALANCE BT JUG STEELYARD CL CONTAINER TUMBREL BT JUG Balance Arm BANDAGE USE BALANCE SN A strip of cloth used for binding a wound. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY Balance Beam Bangle USE BALANCE USE BRACELET Balance Pan BANK NOTE USE BALANCE SN Official currency printed or written onto paper Balance Pin which can be directly exchanged for goods, USE BALANCE services or coins. BALANCE WEIGHT CL CURRENCY SN Weight used with any kind of balance. BANNER CL MEASUREMENT SN A flag bearing a device, often carried on two BT WEIGHT poles or hanging from a cross piece. Usually BALDRIC used in processions. CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS SN A sash or belt worn over the shoulder to the hip RT FLAG for carrying a sword. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BAR IRON BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY SN A piece of iron cut from blooms and lengths of RT SWORD bar, probably for transportation, which were then SWORD BELT reworked. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING Ball RT OSEMUND USE BALL (GAME) BALL (RITUAL) BAR LIP JAR CHALK BALL SN A jar with one or more lips added on the outside MUSKET BALL of the vessel wall over a hole pierced through the SN Use appropriate term. wall. The lips do not usually rise above rim level. BALL (GAME) (Source: MPRG) CL CONTAINER UF Ball BT JAR Bowling Ball SN A round object used in games. BAR LUG JAR CL SPORTS AND GAMES SN A distinctive form of jar being a flat-based, BALL (RITUAL) straight-sided or slightly rounded jar with two opposed, upright, rounded, tongue-shaped lugs UF Ball raised from above the rim and bridged by added, SN Polished stone balls interpreted as ritual objects in internal struts used to suspend the pot over a the Scottish Iron Age. fire. (Source: MPRG) CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL CONTAINER BALLISTA BALL BT JAR SN A stone missile fired from a ballista, larger in Bar Mount diameter than ballista shot. USE STRAP FITTING CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT PROJECTILE Bar Share PLOUGH BALLISTA BOLT USE SN A large bolt or arrow fired from a ballista. BAR SHOT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A pair of cannon balls joined by a solid bar. BT PROJECTILE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BALUSTER BT SHOT
9 BAR TORC generally hooked or looped, and bit set at angle to SN A bracelet or necklace formed by hammering gold stem with radiating or looped wards. onto a triangular-sectioned bar and twisting the CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT metal to form a spiral pattern. BT KEY (LOCKING) CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BARREL SHAPED JUG BT TORC SN A jug with little or no discernible neck and an BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD even, convex profile form rim to base, which are SN A triangular arrowhead retouched to form a roughly equal in diameter. (Source: MPRG) central tang and lateral barbs. The sides may be CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION straight or concave. BT JUG CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL CONTAINER BT TRIANGULAR ARROWHEAD BT JUG BARBED POINT BARREL SHAPED MUG SN A bone or antler point with rows of barbs, SN A mug with little or no discernible neck and an usually on one side only. even, convex profile from rim to base, which CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT have roughly equal diameters. (Source: MPRG) BT POINT CL CONTAINER BT MUG Barley CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION USE BARLEY GRAIN BT MUG BARLEY GRAIN BARTMANN JUG UF Barley UF Bellarmine Jug SN Remains of barley (Hordeum sp.) grain SN A type of stoneware jug dating to the 16th and (caryopyses). These grains are sometimes 17th centuries, popularly known as a Bellarmine itemised separately. jug, shaped in the figure of a bearded man. They CL ECOFACTS were produced in the Cologne region, particularly BT CEREAL GRAIN Frechen. BAROMETER CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT JUG SN An instrument for measuring atmospheric CL CONTAINER pressure by its effects on mercury in a glass BT JUG tube. It can also be used to measure altitude and depth and is especially used for predicting the BASE SHERD weather. SN A fragment of the base of a vessel, or hollow CL MEASUREMENT object, usually of ceramic or glass. If known, use BARREL specific vessel type. CL UNASSIGNED UF Barrel Hoop BT SHERD Cask RT VESSEL SN A cylindrical container, usually bulging outward in the middle and usually held together by metal BASELARD hoops. SN A type of dagger, usually used by civilians in the CL CONTAINER medieval period, with a H shaped hilt. BT STORAGE CONTAINER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER BT DAGGER BARREL COSTREL BASIN SN A costrel with a barrel-shaped body and a SN A round container, open and wide at the top with centrally placed neck. One end is usually flat and sides sloping inwards toward the bottom. the other domed. Two opposed strap handles or CL CONTAINER lugs join the rim or neck and shoulder. (Source: BT SANITARY WARE MPRG) CL CONTAINER BASINET BT COSTREL SN A type of helmet with a hinged visor. Barrel Hoop CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT HELMET USE BARREL BASKET BARREL PADLOCK SN A container made of interwoven strips of pliable SN A form of padlock with a cylindrical case and materials, such as cane or reed, often carried by bolts and springs attached to spines. a handle. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL CONTAINER BT PADLOCK BT STORAGE CONTAINER BARREL PADLOCK KEY FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER SN A key, usually with a long stem, its terminal is BASKET HANDLED BOWL
10 SN A bowl with a single loop handle crossing over BT DRINKING VESSEL the top of the vessel from one side of the rim to CL CONTAINER the other. (Source: MPRG) BT CONTAINER
11 shape of a dome,but sometimes made of wood. Belt Loop CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE USE STRAP FITTING RT BEE SKEP Belt Mount BEEHIVE QUERN USE STRAP FITTING SN A method of grinding cereals where one stone is Belt Plate rotated on another by hand. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE USE STRAP FITTING BT QUERN Belt Slide CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE STRAP FITTING BT QUERN BENCH (SEAT) Beetle Remains SN A long seat usually without a back. USE INSECT REMAINS CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BELL BT SEAT UF Bell Clapper BENCH (TABLE) Clapper SN A rough table usually for working upon. Handbell CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE SN Any dome shaped metal bell struck either by an BT TABLE internal clapper or by a hammer. CL MUSIC BEVERAGE WARMER BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
12 BICONICAL URN BLADE SN Style of early Bronze Age pot found widely in UF Cutting Blade north-western Europe with a deep, largely plain, SN A struck piece of flint or other stone where the outwardly flared body above which is sharp length is at least twice the width. carination, usually decorated and sometimes with CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT an applied cordon, and an inwardly angled neck. BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT CL CONTAINER NT BACKED BLADE BT URN CRESTED BLADE RT DEBITAGE BICYCLE SN A human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track BLADE CORE vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, SN The piece of stone or flint remaining after blades one behind the other. have been produced. CL TRANSPORT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT VEHICLE BT CORE NT CONICAL BLADE CORE BIER CONICAL MICROBLADE CORE SN Movable stand for carrying a body to its grave. CYLINDRICAL BLADE CORE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BLANK BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT SN A piece of metal or wood, or other material used BILL in the manufacture of an item, intended for further SN Military weapon with long shaft and bill style fabrication and therefore representing an head. For agricultural style bills use bill hook. unfinished object. Usually relates to objects CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS manufactured in quantity such as coins, knives BT STAFF WEAPON etc. BILL HOOK CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING NT COIN BLANK SN A tool used to cut or split wood. KEY BLANK CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT KNIFE BLANK BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT RT ROUGHOUT BIPARTITE URN BLANKET SN A collared urn with a heavy rim or collar on top of SN A thick fabric cover used to provide warmth. a straight-sided or slightly bowed body CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE narrowing to a small flat base. Decoration may BT BEDDING extend for a short way below the collar, but this is rare. BLEEDING CUP CL CONTAINER SN A container used to catch blood during bleeding. BT URN CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY BIRD BATH BT MEDICAL CONTAINER CL CONTAINER SN An object constructed to allow birds to bathe in it. BT MEDICAL CONTAINER CL UNASSIGNED BLIND BIRD CAGE SN A shade for a window. SN A cage for containing birds. CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE CL CONTAINER BT WINDOW COVERING BT CAGE BLIND FITTING BIRD FEEDER SN An object which supports or is attached to a SN An object designed to hold food for birds. blind. CL CONTAINER CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT CONTAINER
13 BT OUTERWEAR CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT PROJECTILE BLOWPIPE (TOOL) CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN A long hollow tube used to blow molten glass into BT HUNTING OBJECT shapes. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BOLSTER SN A long pillow, especially one used as an under BLOWPIPE (WEAPON) pillow. SN A tube through which missiles are blown. CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT BEDDING BT PROJECTILE WEAPON BOLT (FASTENING) BOARD SN A metal pin, often with a screw thread and used SN A sawn piece of timber, thinner than a plank and in conjunction with a nut. often rectangular. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL ARCHITECTURE BT LOCKING MECHANISM BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT RT PLANK BOLT (LOCK) SN A sliding metal bar, often fixed to a door or BOAT similar, which moves through staples so that its SN A small vessel propelled on water by an engine, end fixes into another staple or hole which is oars or sails. attached to a fixed object, eg a door frame. CL TRANSPORT CL UNASSIGNED BT WATER CRAFT BT FASTENING NT LOGBOAT BOMB BOAT HOOK SN A hollow case containg explosive, incendiary, SN A long handled hook used for pulling a boat to a smoke-producing, poisonous or other offensive place eg another boat, or pushing off from a material, designed to be deposited, dropped, place. thrown or shot froma mortar. CL TRANSPORT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT BT EXPLOSIVE WEAPON BOBBIN NT BOUNCING BOMB SN An object on which thread or yarn is wound or BOMBARD hooked. SN A large vessel, sometimes large enough to CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT accomodate several gallons, often made of BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT leather and richly decorated, for storing and NT LACE BOBBIN serving liquor. THREAD BOBBIN CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION Bobbin Shuttle BT DRINK SERVING CONTAINER CL CONTAINER USE SHUTTLE BT DRINK SERVING CONTAINER BODKIN BONE WORKING DEBRIS SN A pointed tool used to pierce holes, usually in SN Debris resulting from the manufacture of tools textiles. and other artifacts from bone. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT PIERCING EQUIPMENT BT MANUFACTURING DEBRIS BODY PLUG BONNET SN An object used in the preparation of a body SN A form of hat, usually does not cover the following death. It was used to plug the orifices forehead nor have a brim, and usually worn by of the body. women. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT BT HEADWEAR BODY SHERD BOOK SN A fragment of the body of a vessel, or hollow UF Book Cover object, usually of ceramic or glass. If known, use SN A bound collection of paper or other materials. specific vessel type. CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS CL UNASSIGNED BT WRITTEN ITEM BT SHERD NT HYMN BOOK RT VESSEL PRAYER BOOK BOLAS Book Clasp SN A missile consisting of a number of weights USE BOOK FITTING joined together by cord. The bolas entangles the legs of a target causing it to fall.
14 Book Cover CL MUSIC USE BOOK BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT BOOK FITTING BOW (WEAPON) UF Book Clasp SN A weapon for shooting arrows. Book Mount CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN Mountings, often decorative, attached to a book. BT PROJECTILE WEAPON CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE BT HUNTING OBJECT Book Mount NT LONGBOW USE BOOK FITTING RT ARROW BOOT BOW AND FANTAIL BROOCH SN Type of footwear which covers a minimum of the SN A Roman brooch dating from approximately 50 to foot and ankle. 150 AD. Derived from the earlier Aesica Brooch, CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES and fitted with a hinged pin, the body widens to a BT FOOTWEAR triangular plate below the bow. BOOT STUD CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT BOW BROOCH SN A metal reinforcer worn on the sole or heel of a boot. BOW BROOCH CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN Any brooch with the pin sprung or hinged at one BT FOOTWEAR COMPONENT end and the catchplate at the other end of a BORER curved or flat bow. Can be one or two piece construction. SN A flint tool for piercing holes. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT BROOCH BT DRILLING EQUIPMENT NT AESICA BROOCH BOSS AUCISSA BROOCH SN A carved or moulded decorative projection BOW AND FANTAIL BROOCH adorning an object or, in the case of architectural CATERPILLAR BROOCH features, the termination of a moulding or the COLCHESTER BROOCH intersection of ribs or beams. CROSSBOW BROOCH DOLPHIN BROOCH CL ARCHITECTURE HEADSTUD BROOCH BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT HOD HILL BROOCH CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS KNEE BROOCH NT SHIELD BOSS LANGTON DOWN BROOCH BOTTLE NAUHEIM DERIVATE BROOCH SN A container, typically cylindrical with a narrow POLDEN HILL BROOCH neck, usually for containing liquids. T-SHAPED BROOCH CL CONTAINER THISTLE BROOCH BT CONTAINER
15 BRAID NT BICONICAL BOWL CARINATED BOWL SN A woven fabric used to trim clothes. CONCAVE SIDED BOWL CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES DIVIDED BOWL BT DRESS COMPONENT FLARED BOWL RT TEXTILE HANDLED BOWL BRAIL HEMISPHERICAL BOWL LOBED BOWL UF Hawk Belt MULTIPLE BOWL SN A belt used to confine a hawk's wings. PEDESTAL BOWL CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT ROUNDED BOWL BT HAWKING EQUIPMENT SPOUTED BOWL BRANDING IRON STRAIGHT SIDED BOWL SN A heated iron used to label, burn or mark animals, Bowl Curfew slaves, criminals etc. USE FLARED CURFEW CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT MARKING EQUIPMENT Bowling Ball CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT USE BALL (GAME) BRASS BOX UF Commemorative Brass SN A container, usually rectangular and having a Memorial Brass removable or hinged lid. Monumental Brass CL CONTAINER SN An ornamental tablet of brass. Use a materials BT STORAGE CONTAINER thesaurus where brass is a material. BOX PADLOCK KEY CL UNASSIGNED SN A key usually with a long stem with bit, stem and BRAZIER terminal in line. SN A metal receptacle used for burning coals, CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT charcoal etc to provide heat. BT KEY (LOCKING) CL HEATING AND LIGHTING HEATING OBJECT Box Tile BT USE FLUE TILE BREASTPLATE BRACELET UF Chest Guard (Armour) SN Armour designed to protect the chest, sometimes UF Bangle permanently attached to a backplate. SN Ornamental band or chain worn around the arm CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS or wrist. BT ARMOUR
16 CL MUSIC Brooch Spring BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT USE BROOCH BRIDLE Broom SN Headgear for a horse, usually consisting of a USE BRUSH series of buckled straps and a mouthpiece, bridle BRUSH bit, by which the horse is controlled. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT UF Broom BT HARNESS Brush Holder SN A hand held device with bristles or hairs used for BRIDLE BIT cleaning or painting. UF Cheekpiece CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Horse Bit NT PAINT BRUSH Horsebit Brush Holder SN A metal mouth piece used to control an animal, usually used on a horse. USE BRUSH CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT SN The stem or handle of a brush designed to hold BT BRIDLE FITTING the head of the brush. NT SNAFFLE BIT BRYOZOAN REMAINS BRIDLE FITTING SN Remains of Bryozoa, which are small animals, SN Attachments that form part of the bridle. usually marine, that form colonies producing CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT coral-like skeletons or jelly-like masses. BT HARNESS FITTING CL ECOFACTS NT BRIDLE BIT BT INVERTEBRATE REMAINS MARTINGALE Bucina BRIQUETAGE USE TRUMPET SN A collective name for the pans and fire bars used BUCKET in the making of salt through evaporation. UF Bucket Handle CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING Bucket Stave BT BY PRODUCT Escutcheon BROADSWORD Pail SN A broad design of sword used for cutting and SN Container with arched handle used for carrying slashing. liquids, foodstuffs etc. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL CONTAINER BT SWORD BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER BROCKAGE Bucket Handle SN A coin which has been struck in relief on one USE BUCKET side, usually the obverse side face down on the Bucket Stave anvil die, and incuse on the other side, due to a USE BUCKET previously struck coin sticking to the upper or punch die. BUCKLE CL CURRENCY UF Buckle Frame BT COIN Buckle Loop BROOCH Buckle Pin Buckle Plate UF Brooch Spring Buckle Tongue Fibula SN Clasp for fastening together two loose ends. SN Ornament often with a hinged pin and catch, CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES worn fastened to clothing. BT CLOTHING FASTENING CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT JEWELLERY Buckle Frame NT ANNULAR BROOCH USE BUCKLE BOW BROOCH DRAGONESQUE BROOCH Buckle Loop LONG BROOCH USE BUCKLE PENANNULAR BROOCH Buckle Pin PLATE BROOCH USE BUCKLE BROOCH PIN Buckle Plate SN A specific type of early medieval pin. Do not use in instances where a pin has become detached USE BUCKLE from the brooch. Buckle Tongue CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT JEWELLERY USE BUCKLE
17 BUCKLER MPRG) SN A type of shield, usually wooden and circular. CL CONTAINER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT JUG BT SHIELD CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT JUG Bugelknopffibeln USE CROSSBOW BROOCH Bunghole Pitcher USE BUNGHOLE JUG Bugle SN (Source: MPRG) USE HUNTING HORN TRUMPET BURIAL CHEST SN Use appropriate term. SN Chests connected with the burial of a body. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BULL BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT SN The seal of a papal document CL CONTAINER CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER BT SEAL Burial Cloth BULLA USE SHROUD SN A papal document. CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS Burial Pot BT DOCUMENT USE BURIAL URN Bulla (Pendant) BURIAL URN USE PENDANT UF Burial Pot SN An urn containing a cremation burial. BULLET CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A projectile discharged from a weapon, usually a BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT firearm. RT CREMATION CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT AMMUNITION Buried Soil RT BULLET MOULD USE PALEOSOL BULLET MOULD BURIN SN A mould in which bullets or musket balls are cast. SN A graving tool used for engraving objects. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Prehistoric versions are usually made of flint or BT MOULD other stone, later versions usually of metal. RT BULLET CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MUSKET BALL BT MARKING EQUIPMENT RT BURIN SPALL BULLROARER SN A piece of wood attached to a thong that makes BURIN SPALL a roaring sound when the thong is whirled. SN A narrow flake which is the by-product of making CL MUSIC a burin. BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
18 BUSHEL SN A secondary or incidental product of a process. SN A measuring container to measure dry goods. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CL MEASUREMENT NT BRIQUETAGE BT MEASURING VESSEL CULLET CL CONTAINER FRIT BT MEASURING VESSEL INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT MANUFACTURING DEBRIS BUST OFFCUT SN The sculpted head, shoulders and breast of a TOOL BY PRODUCT person. WASTE CL UNASSIGNED CABINET BT SCULPTURE SN A piece of furniture containing shelves, Butchered Animal Bone cupboards or drawers for storage or display. USE BUTCHERED ANIMAL REMAINS CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BUTCHERED ANIMAL REMAINS BT FURNITURE UF Butchered Animal Bone CABLE DRUM SN Animal remains bearing evidence, such as knife SN Round object used to carry cable or wire. marks on bones, that they were slaughtered and CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT used for food. CAGE CL ECOFACTS BT ANIMAL REMAINS SN A portable confining enclosure or framework. CL CONTAINER BUTTER CHURN BT SECURE STORAGE CONTAINER SN A vessel used to produce butter from milk NT BIRD CAGE through agitation. INSECT CAGE CL CONTAINER CALENDAR BT CHURN CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A table of months and days in the year. BT CHURN CL MEASUREMENT BT TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT BUTTERIS SN A farrier's tool for paring a horse's hoof. Calf Hair CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT USE ANIMAL REMAINS BT ANIMAL CARE EQUIPMENT CALLIPERS BUTTON SN An instrument with curved arms for measuring SN A stud used for fastening an item usually used difficult or awkward shapes. for clothing. CL MEASUREMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT GEOMETRY INSTRUMENT BT CLOTHING FASTENING CALTROP BUTTON AND LOOP FASTENER SN Four iron spikes joined together so that when the SN A fastener made of a metal circle connected to a caltrop is on the ground a spike is always metal loop fixed to an object and used to fasten to pointing upwards. Used to disable infantry and another object by means of a button or a loop. cavalry. The usage of these items is unclear, could CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS include use for animals or for dress. CAME CL UNASSIGNED BT FASTENING UF Window Came Window Lead BUTTON COVER SN A strip of lead holding small pieces of glass SN A piece of material, eg metal, cloth, leather etc, (quarries) in a window. added to a button to enhance or embellish it. CL ARCHITECTURE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT BT DRESS COMPONENT Camel Harness BUZZ BONE USE HARNESS SN A primitive musical instrument. Camel Whip CL MUSIC BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
19 CAN SN A container for dried foodstuffs. SN A metal container for liquids and foodstuffs, often CL CONTAINER sealed. BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER CL CONTAINER CANISTER (SHOT) BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER SN A container filled with musket balls, metal CANDELABRUM fragments, nails etc. Designed to kill or maim the SN A large, branched candle holder. enemy at a close range. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT CANDLE HOLDER BT AMMUNITION NT DICE SHOT CANDLE SN An object made up of a wick surrounded by wax CANNON or tallow which burns slowly to provide light. SN A heavy artillery piece consisting of a metal tube CL HEATING AND LIGHTING mounted on a gun carriage. BT LIGHTING OBJECT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT PROJECTILE WEAPON CANDLE BRACKET NT CARRONADE SN A holder for a candle, usually fitted to another RT TAMPION object. CANNON BALL CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT CANDLE HOLDER SN A solid ball fired from cannons, size and weight would depend on the calibre of the cannon. CANDLE HOLDER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS UF Candleholder BT AMMUNITION SN An object in which a candle is put in order to provide light. CANOE CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A small, narrow boat with pointed ends propelled BT LIGHTING OBJECT by paddling. NT CANDELABRUM CL TRANSPORT CANDLE BRACKET BT WATER CRAFT CANDLE STAND Canopic Chest CANDLESTICK CHANDELIER USE CANOPIC VESSEL CANDLE SNUFFER Canopic Jar SN An object used to stop a candle burning. USE CANOPIC VESSEL CL HEATING AND LIGHTING Canopic Urn BT LIGHTING OBJECT USE CANOPIC VESSEL CANDLE STAND CANOPIC VESSEL UF Candle Standard UF Canopic Chest SN A tall holder for candles which stands on the Canopic Jar floor. Canopic Urn CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN An Egyptian container for holding the entrails of a BT CANDLE HOLDER mummy. Candle Standard CL CONTAINER USE CANDLE STAND BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Candleholder BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT USE CANDLE HOLDER CAP CANDLEMAKERS TROUGH SN A covering for the head with a peak to shade the SN A deep, rectangular or oval, straight-sided vessel eyes. with an everted, crenellated rim, used to hold CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES either wax for dipping candles or molten sulphur BT HEADWEAR for dipping matches. (Source: MPRG) NT COIF (CAP) CL CONTAINER CAPE BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER SN A short hooded cloak. CANDLESTICK CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A container for one or more candles. BT CLOAK CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CAPITAL BT CANDLE HOLDER NT SAUCER CANDLESTICK SN The upper part of a column or pier. UPRIGHT CANDLESTICK CL ARCHITECTURE BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT CANISTER (FOOD)
20 CAPSULE BT LAND VEHICLE SN A small containment for drugs which can be CARRONADE ingested. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY SN Short-range naval weapon with a low muzzle velocity. CAR CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS UF Automobile BT CANNON SN A vehicle used to transport passengers. Cars Carrying Chair usually have four wheels and an internal combustion engine. USE SEDAN CHAIR CL TRANSPORT CART BT MOTOR VEHICLE UF Polesheath NT ADAPTED SN A vehicle with two wheels for carrying loads. CARBOY CL TRANSPORT SN A large bottle, generally protected by a basket or BT LAND VEHICLE box, usually used for containing corrosive liquids, CART FITTING etc. CL CONTAINER SN A mounting or fixture attached to a cart. BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER CL TRANSPORT BT VEHICLE FITTING CARDER CARTRIDGE UF Wool Comb SN A flat board with short spikes used to comb out SN The case containing the charge for a firearm. the staple of wool to remove tangles before CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS spinning. Usually used in pairs. BT AMMUNITION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT RT MUSKET BALL BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT CARVED OBJECT CARDING COMB UF Carved Stone SN A comb used to comb fibre before spinning. SN An object which has been carved. Use more CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT specific term where known. BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT CL UNASSIGNED BT WORKED OBJECT CARINATED BOWL Carved Stone SN A bowl with a sharp change of angle in the vessel wall, generally at the point of maximum USE CARVED OBJECT diameter. the carination may be in the upper or CARVING lower half of the vessel. (Source: MPRG) SN A three dimensional representation usually done CL CONTAINER in wood, ivory or stone. BT BOWL CL UNASSIGNED CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT SCULPTURE BT BOWL NT CELTIC HEAD CARINATED CUP CASE (LUGGAGE) UF Collar Rim Cup SN A large portable container used for carrying items SN A cup with a marked change of angle in the body such as clothes, papers etc. wall, generally at the point of maximum girth. CL CONTAINER (Source: MPRG) BT HAND LUGGAGE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT CUP BT HAND LUGGAGE CL CONTAINER BT CUP CASE (PIPE) CARNYX SN A case in which a pipe would be held to protect it. SN A war trumpet, usually Iron Age. CL CONTAINER CL MUSIC BT STORAGE CONTAINER BT LIP BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT RT PIPE (SMOKING) CARPET Cask SN Thick material, usually woven, used as a USE BARREL covering for the floor. CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE CASKET BT FLOOR COVERING SN A small box or chest for valuables, especially CARRIAGE jewels. CL CONTAINER SN A wheeled passenger vehicle, especially one BT STORAGE CONTAINER with four wheels and pulled by horses. CL TRANSPORT CAST
21 SN A moulded object. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT COOKING VESSEL BT MOULDING EQUIPMENT NT GRAPE CASTANET Cauldron Hanger SN A specific type of hand held hollowed wooden USE CAULDRON clapper, known in Europe from medieval times CAULKING TOOL onwards. CL MUSIC SN A tool to apply material to the seams of a ship. BT CLAPPERS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CASTING BOX CAVE DEPOSIT SN A trough for containing moulding sand for use in SN Use for deposits formed in caves. casting metal artefacts. CL ECOFACTS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT DEPOSIT Casting Counter CEILING PAINTING USE JETTON SN A two dimensional image using paint applied to the surface of a ceiling. Casting Debris CL ARCHITECTURE USE CASTING WASTE RT WALL PAINTING CASTING WASTE Celt UF Casting Debris USE AXE (TOOL) SN Waste products ensuing from the casting CELTIC HEAD process. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING SN A carved head of Iron Age or Roman date, with BT MANUFACTURING DEBRIS uncertain use. CL UNASSIGNED CATAPULT BT CARVING SN A device used to throw projectiles, can vary from CENSER a small forked stick for hurling stones to a large engine of war to hurl large projectiles. UF Thurible CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A vessel in which incense is burnt. BT PROJECTILE WEAPON CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER CATCH CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A device to catch and hold one object to another, RT INCENSE HOLDER eg a door to a doorpost. CENTURIAL STONE CL UNASSIGNED BT FASTENING SN An inscribed marker stone found on Hadrian's Wall. CATERPILLAR BROOCH CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS UF Ansate Brooch BT WRITTEN ITEM SN Anglo-Saxon two-piece bow brooch, dating from CERAMIC the 8th to 9th centuries AD, so named for the distinctive bow shaped like the arching body of a SN A construction material made by the firing or caterpillar. baking of clay. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL ARCHITECTURE BT BOW BROOCH BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT NT TERRACOTTA CATHETER CEREAL GRAIN SN A long, slender, flexible tube for inserting into a body cavity for the introduction or withdrawal of SN The fruit or seed of a cereal plant such as wheat, fluids. corn etc. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY CL ECOFACTS BT PLANT MACRO REMAINS Cattle Nasal Bone NT BARLEY GRAIN USE ANIMAL REMAINS WHEAT GRAIN Cattle Whip CEREMONIAL OBJECT USE WHIP SN An object with a ceremonial or symbolic function. Multiple index with specific object where CAULDRON possible, eg for a ceremonial battleaxe index as UF Cauldron Hanger ceremonial object and battleaxe. SN A large pot used for boiling. CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER
22 highly decorated. CHAMFRON CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS UF Chamfrain BT POWER SYMBOL SN The front piece of horse armour. CHAFING DISH CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A vessel with heating apparatus beneath it, for BT HORSE ARMOUR cooking or keeping food warm at the table. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT CL CONTAINER BT HORSE ARMOUR BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER CHANDELIER CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A hanging frame with branches which act as BT HEATING OBJECT candle holders or to which lights are attached. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER BT CANDLE HOLDER CHAIN Chape UF Chain Link USE SCABBARD SN A series of connecting metal links. CL UNASSIGNED CHARGER Chain Link SN A large, flat dish. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION USE CHAIN BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER Chain Mail CL CONTAINER USE MAIL ARMOUR BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER Chain Of Office CHARIOT USE LIVERY COLLAR SN A vehicle used in warfare, racing or to carry passengers. CHAIN SHOT CL TRANSPORT SN A pair of cannon balls joined by a chain. BT LAND VEHICLE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CHARIOT FITTING BT SHOT NT FLAIL SHOT SN A mounting or fitting attached to a chariot. CL TRANSPORT CHAIR BT VEHICLE FITTING SN A single seat with a back, sometimes also arms. CHARM CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BT SEAT SN An object which contains or is inscribed with NT ARMCHAIR spells against disease, witchcraft etc, or providing luck to the wearer. CHALICE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL UF Communion Cup BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY Communion Flagon SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT Communion Tankard CHARM BRACELET Funerary Chalice SN A stemmed cup used for holding the wine during SN A bracelet holding charms or being itself a charm. communion. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER CHARM NECKLACE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A necklace holding charms or being itself a BT EUCHARIST OBJECT charm. CHALK BALL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL UF Ball BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY SN A ball of chalk found on Neolithic sites. CHATELAINE CL UNASSIGNED SN A short chain or chains attached to a woman's Chamber Candlestick belt for carrying keys etc. USE SAUCER CANDLESTICK CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN (Source: MPRG) BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY RT GIRDLE HANGER CHAMBER POT KEY (LOCKING) UF Urinal (Chamber Pot) Cheekpiece SN A container used as a lavatory. CL CONTAINER USE BRIDLE BIT BT PERSONAL HYGIENE CONTAINER CHEESE PRESS Chamfrain SN A device with two flat plates and a mechanism USE CHAMFRON used to force the plates together, to help solidify milk products in cheese making.
23 CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CHOKER BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT SN A neck band or necklace worn tightly around the CHESS BOARD throat. SN A chequered board used to play chess. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL SPORTS AND GAMES BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY BT GAMING BOARD CHOPPER CHESS PIECE SN A unifacially worked early stone tool. UF Chessman CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A gaming piece used specifically to play chess. BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT CL SPORTS AND GAMES CHOPPING BLOCK BT GAMING PIECE SN A block on which objects are chopped or cut. Chessman CL UNASSIGNED USE CHESS PIECE CHRISMATORY CHEST SN A vessel containing a religious oil or unguent. UF Coffer CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A box used for storage or shipping. CHURN CL CONTAINER BT STORAGE CONTAINER UF Churn Dash CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE SN A large container with lip and handle usually for BT FURNITURE milk. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION Chest Guard (Armour) BT FOOD PREPARATION CONTAINER USE BREASTPLATE CL CONTAINER BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION CHEST GUARD (SPORTS) CONTAINER SN A reinforced and padded item of clothing NT BUTTER CHURN designed to protect the upper body in sports associated with physical contact or possible Churn Dash injury from sporting equipment. For military uses USE CHURN use BREASPLATE. Churn Staff CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT PROTECTIVE CLOTHING USE CHURNING STICK CHICKEN FEEDER CHURNING STICK SN A wide, shallow, straight-sided, circular DISH, UF Churn Staff with concentric divisions, formed by vertical SN A stick for agitating milk in a butter churn. partitions, or by concentric grooving around the CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION base. The use is uncertain but the name implies it BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT was designed to hold feed for domestic fowl. CIBORIUM (Source: MPRG) SN A covered chalice used for the Eucharist. CL CONTAINER CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DISH EUCHARIST OBJECT BIRD FEEDER BT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CINERARY BOWL BT DISH SN A vessel for keeping the ashes of the dead after CHIMNEY cremation. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A vertical structure used to draw off smoke from a fire. BT CINERARY VESSEL CL CONTAINER CL ARCHITECTURE BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT CINERARY CASKET CHIMNEY POT UF Cinerary Chest SN A square or cylindrical pipe at the top of a chimney which helps the draught of air. SN A container for keeping the ashes of the dead after cremation. CL ARCHITECTURE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT BT CINERARY VESSEL CHISEL CL CONTAINER SN A cutting tool for shaping and carving materials, BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER often used in conjunction with a hammer or Cinerary Chest mallet. CINERARY CASKET CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT CINERARY URN NT MOULDING CHISEL
24 SN A container, in the form of an urn, for keeping the CLAMP ashes of the dead after cremation. UF Cramp CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A tool for holding or compressing objects BT CINERARY VESSEL together. CL CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER Clapper CINERARY VESSEL USE BELL SN A vessel for keeping the ashes of the dead after SN The component which strikes a bell. cremation. CLAPPERS CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT SN A simple instrument where two pieces of material NT CINERARY BOWL are manipulated to knock together. CINERARY CASKET CL MUSIC CINERARY URN BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
25 BT INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT CLOTHES HANGER CLINOMETER SN An object from which clothes can be hung. SN An instrument for measuring the angle of slopes, CL UNASSIGNED usually in inches per yard, consisting of a weighted graduated wheel with movable sights. CLOTHING CL MEASUREMENT SN Covering and accessories worn on the body. CLIP CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES NT CLOTHING ACCESSORY SN An object used to grip together objects. COSTUME CL UNASSIGNED FOOTWEAR BT FASTENING HEADWEAR CLIPPERS OUTERWEAR SN Scissor like object used for cutting, clipping, PROTECTIVE CLOTHING shearing etc. UNDERWEAR CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CLOTHING ACCESSORY BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT SN An item worn as clothing or in addition to clothes. CLOAK CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A voluminous garment worn over other clothing. BT CLOTHING CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES NT ARM BAND BALDRIC BT OUTERWEAR BELT NT CAPE CHOKER MANTLE COLLAR CLOAK FASTENER CUFF SN An item used to fasten a cloak either to another FICHU garment or to itself. GIRDLE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES GLOVE BT CLOTHING FASTENING MASK MUFF Cloak Pin NECK TIE USE DRESS PIN NECKERCHIEF PLUME CLOCK RUFF UF Clock Face SASH SN An instrument for measuring time. SCARF CL MEASUREMENT SLEEVE BT TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT STOLE RT KEY (WINDING) STOMACHER SWORD BELT Clock Face TIPPET (CAPE) USE CLOCK WRIST BAND CLOG CLOTHING FASTENING SN A wooden, or wooden soled, shoe. SN An item used to join together clothing (includes CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES footwear). BT FOOTWEAR CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Cloth BT DRESS COMPONENT NT BUCKLE USE TEXTILE BUTTON CLOTH BEATER CLOAK FASTENER SN A tool used to hit fabric, eg to remove dust or dirt. CUFF LINK CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT DRESS FASTENER (DRESS) DRESS HOOK BT BEATER (TOOL) DRESS PIN CLOTH MEASURE EYELET SN A measuring rule used for cloth, with the imperial GIRDLE FASTENER yard divided into quarters and nails (sixteenths), LACE (FASTENING) or using the now obsolete ell of 45 inches. MORSE CL MEASUREMENT SLEEVE CLASP STRAP FITTING CLOTH SEAL STUD FASTENER SN A lead seal marking newly woven cloth which TAG served as a quality control method in medieval TOGGLE and post medieval periods. CLUB CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS BT SEAL SN A thick heavy weapon used to strike the
26 opponent. helmet. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT PERCUSSIVE WEAPON BT HELMET CLUMP SOLE COIF (CAP) SN An extra sole on a shoe. SN A close fitting cap covering the sides, back and CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES top of the head. BT FOOTWEAR COMPONENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Coal Money BT CAP USE LATHE CORE COIN COAT SN A piece of metal, usually cast, struck or stamped, SN A sleeved outer garment. with a definite value. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL CURRENCY BT OUTERWEAR NT BROCKAGE COIN (CONTEMPORARY IMITATION) COCKEREL BOWL COIN (MODERN FORGERY) SN A small, double-handled bowl with horizontal loop COIN (MODERN IMITATION) handles decorated with a cockerel motif. RT COIN BLANK (Source: MPRG) COIN DIE CL CONTAINER COIN MOULD BT DOUBLE HANDLED BOWL COIN WEIGHT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION COIN (CONTEMPORARY IMITATION) BT DOUBLE HANDLED BOWL SN A coin struck, cast or stamped imitating an official COCKSPUR coinage issue of contemporary or slightly later SN A metal spur fitted to the leg of a fighting cock as time period. The piece may consist of a similar an aid in fighting. alloy or a base core with plating of varying CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT thickness. CL SPORTS AND GAMES CL CURRENCY BT COIN CODPIECE COIN (MODERN FORGERY) SN An appendage worn on the front of breeches. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A modern piece imitating an ancient coin in an BT OUTERWEAR attempt to deceive, usually for financial gain. CL CURRENCY Coffer BT COIN USE CHEST COIN (MODERN IMITATION) COFFIN SN A modern piece imitating an ancient coin, such as UF Coffin Lining a replica sold in a museum. SN A container within which a body is placed for CL CURRENCY burial, usually made of lead or wood. BT COIN CL RELIGION OR RITUAL COIN BLANK BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT CL CONTAINER UF Flan BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER SN A metal disc before it is stamped to become a coin. COFFIN FITTING CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING UF Coffin Plate BT BLANK SN A part of a coffin that is removable eg handle, RT COIN mount etc. COIN DIE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT SN A block of metal with a device cut into it, used to impress a coin blank. Coffin Lining CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE COFFIN BT MOULDING EQUIPMENT RT COIN Coffin Plate USE COFFIN FITTING COIN HOARD SN A group of coins deliberately deposited together. COGWHEEL CL CURRENCY SN A wheel with a series of teeth on its outside RT HOARD which interlock with similar teeth on another cogwheel to receive or give motion. COIN MOULD CL UNASSIGNED SN A mould used to cast coins. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT COIF (ARMOUR) BT MOULD SN A close fitting skull cap, usually worn under a RT COIN
27 BT DEPOSIT COIN WEIGHT SN One of a set, used as standards for specific COLUMN coins, often bearing stamps and other marks of UF Column Base authenticity. Plinth CL MEASUREMENT Torus BT WEIGHT SN A long vertical pillar usually of stone used as a RT COIN structural support in buildings often artistically sculpted or shaped. COIR BEATER CL ARCHITECTURE SN A tool used in processing the fibres from BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT coconuts. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Column Base BT BEATER (TOOL) USE COLUMN COLANDER COMB SN A pan with a perforated bottom for straining or UF Comb Connecting Plate rinsing food. Comb End Plate CL CONTAINER Comb Handle BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION Comb Tooth CONTAINER Comb Tooth Plate CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION Double Sided Comb BT FOOD PREPARATION CONTAINER Single Sided Comb SN A toothed strip of material used to disentangle COLCHESTER BROOCH hair. Can be either single or double sided. SN A first century AD one-piece bow brooch, one CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES end of which is drawn out to form a spring and BT HAIR CARE EQUIPMENT pin, characterized by its long, narrow, tapering NT COMPOSITE COMB bow, a small crossbar in front of the spring and a COMB CASE forward hook which holds the spring chord. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES UF Comb Case Plate BT BOW BROOCH SN A case in which a comb was carried. NT TWO-PIECE COLCHESTER BROOCH CL CONTAINER RT POLDEN HILL BROOCH BT COSMETIC CONTAINER Coleoptera Remains Comb Case Plate USE INSECT REMAINS USE COMB CASE COLLAR Comb Connecting Plate SN A piece of material worn around the neck. Where USE COMB it is a collar for an animal use animal collar. Comb End Plate CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY USE COMB Collar Rim Cup Comb Handle USE CARINATED CUP USE COMB SN (Source: MPRG) Comb Tooth COLLARED LID USE COMB SN A lid with a carinated conical profile and straight Comb Tooth Plate vertical sides, surmounted by a conical top with USE COMB and integral knob. (Source: MPRG) CL UNASSIGNED COMBINATION TOOL BT LID SN A tool which combines two or more different COLLARED URN types of tool. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN Urn with a heavy rim or collar which may be vertical or slightly inverted. This may carry Commemorative Brass incised or impressed decoration, particularly USE BRASS herring-bone, encircling lines, hurdling or chevron decoration. COMMEMORATIVE OBJECT CL CONTAINER SN An object that commemorates an animal, person, BT URN location or event. COLLUVIUM CL UNASSIGNED NT COMMEMORATIVE STONE SN Deposits that accumulate at the bottom of a slope, at a break in a slope, or where a barrier is Commemorative Plaque encountered. USE PLAQUE CL ECOFACTS
28 COMMEMORATIVE STONE SN A bowl with concave body walls. Wide-mouthed, UF Dedication Stone narrow-based examples, particularly those in Foundation Stone larger sizes, have been termed Pans or Memorial Stone Pancheons. (Source: MPRG) SN A stone which bears an inscription CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION commemorating an event or person. BT BOWL CL UNASSIGNED CL CONTAINER BT COMMEMORATIVE OBJECT BT BOWL Commemorative Tablet CONCAVE SIDED JAR USE PLAQUE SN A jar with vertical concave body walls. (Source: MPRG) COMMODE CL CONTAINER SN A piece of furniture containing a chamber pot or BT JAR wash basin. NT ALBARELLO CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BT FURNITURE Condiment Bowl USE DIVIDED BOWL Communion Cup MULTIPLE BOWL USE CHALICE SN (Source: MPRG) Communion Flagon Condiment Dish USE CHALICE USE DIVIDED DISH Communion Tankard MULTIPLE DISH SN (Source: MPRG) USE CHALICE CONICAL BLADE CORE COMPARTMENTED LAMP SN A stone core with a conical form and a core SN A deep, square or rectangular, flat slab of clay, platform which may or may not be prepared. the upper surface of which has two or more Blades are removed around the circumference of cup-shaped holders cut into it. (Source: MPRG) the platform. The end of the core opposite the CL HEATING AND LIGHTING platform usually tapers to a point. (Source: BT LAMP SARC) Compartmented Tray CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT BLADE CORE USE DIVIDED DISH CONICAL JUG COMPASS UF Lighthouse Jug SN An instrument showing the direction of magnetic SN A jug with more or less straight sides that flare north and bearings from it. out from a narrow rim or neck to a wider base. CL MEASUREMENT (Source: MPRG) COMPASSES CL CONTAINER SN An instrument for taking measurements and BT JUG describing circles, with two straight arms CONICAL LID connected at one end by a movable joint. SN A lid with a shallow conical profile and an integral CL MEASUREMENT knob. (Source: MPRG) BT GEOMETRY INSTRUMENT CL UNASSIGNED COMPLEX LID BT LID SN A complex or ornate lid which cannot be easily CONICAL MICROBLADE CORE classified according to the main forms of lid. SN A small stone core with a conical form and a (Source: MPRG) single core platform which may or may not be CL UNASSIGNED prepared. Microblades are removed form the BT LID circumference of the platform. The end opposite COMPOSITE COMB the platform usually tapers to a point. (Source: SN A comb made up of riveting together sections SARC) between connecting plates. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT BLADE CORE BT COMB CONICAL MUG CONCAVE END SCRAPER SN A mug with more-or-less straight side which flare SN An end scraper which has a retouched end that out from the rim to the wider base. (Source: is concave in form. (Source: SARC) MPRG) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL CONTAINER BT END SCRAPER BT MUG CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CONCAVE SIDED BOWL BT MUG
29 NT SCHNELLE FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION CONTAINER CONSTRUCTION DEPOSIT FULLING VAT SN Use for deposits formed as a result of GREASE POT construction activities undertaken by humans or HAND LUGGAGE animals. HORTICULTURAL CONTAINER CL ECOFACTS MEASURING VESSEL BT DEPOSIT MEDICAL CONTAINER CONSULAR DIPTYCH MIRROR CASE MUSICAL INSTRUMENT CASE SN A small notebook formed from two tablets usually NEEDLE HOLDER made of wood, bone, ivory or metal. They were PERSONAL HYGIENE CONTAINER given as commemorative gift by a consul on his PIGMENT CONTAINER installation and often decorated with the image of RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER the consul. SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS SEAL BOX BT WRITING TABLET SIEVE CONTAINER SPITTOON STORAGE CONTAINER SN An object which serves as a vessel. This class TOBACCO HOLDER includes containers for which the function is WAGER CUP either specific or unknown. Where the function is WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER known, the term is also included within another WRITING CONTAINER class, eg churn. CONVEX END SCRAPER CL CONTAINER NT CONTAINER
30 CORBEL CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A support projecting from a wall. BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT CL ARCHITECTURE CORN BIN BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT SN A storage container designed to contain corn. CORD CL CONTAINER SN Several strands of string twisted together to form BT STORAGE BIN a strong thin rope, or thick string, though it has CORN DOLLY been used in the past as synonomous with rope particularly for ropes on ships. SN A figurative or decorative object made of corn, CL UNASSIGNED used as a charm for luck or to ward off evil RT ROPE spirits. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CORDONED URN Corn Measure SN A large vessel with raised or applied cordons running horizontally on the body of the vessel. USE GRAIN MEASURE CL CONTAINER Cornu BT URN USE TRUMPET CORE Coronet UF Core Fragment USE CROWN Core Rejuvenation Flake SN The piece of stone or flint remaining after flakes CORSET have been produced. This is a by-product of tool SN A close fitting garment, usually stiffened by manufacture. boning or similar and tightly laced to shape and CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING support the wearer's figure. BT DEBITAGE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES NT BLADE CORE BT UNDERWEAR HANDLE CORE IRREGULAR CORE CORSLET KEELED CORE SN A flexible armour designed to protect the torso. LEVALLOIS CORE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS MULTIPLE PLATFORM CORE BT ARMOUR
31 POMMANDER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UNGUENT BOTTLE COUCH VINAIGRETTE Cosmetic Dish SN A long seat for reclining on. CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE USE COSMETIC CONTAINER BT SEAT Cosmetic Flask Coulter USE COSMETIC CONTAINER USE PLOUGH Cosmetic Jar COUNTER USE COSMETIC CONTAINER SN An object used for counting, keeping count or COSMETIC MORTAR marking the position of a player in a game, usually SN A mortar used specifically for grinding cosmetics. in the form of a small circular-shaped piece of CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES bone, metal, wood, plastic or other material. BT COSMETIC ARTICLE CL UNASSIGNED RT COSMETIC PESTLE RT GAMING PIECE MORTAR (VESSEL) COVERSAND COSMETIC PESTLE SN Wind-blown sand. SN A pestle used specifically for grinding cosmetics. CL ECOFACTS CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT AEOLIAN DEPOSIT BT COSMETIC ARTICLE COW BELL RT COSMETIC MORTAR SN A bell worn by a cow to identify its location. PESTLE CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT COSMETIC SET BT ANIMAL BELL UF Toilet Set CRADLE SN An associated group of toilet articles. SN A child's bed, usually with rockers. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BT COSMETIC ARTICLE BT FURNITURE COSMETIC SPOON Cramp UF Ligula USE CLAMP SN A long narrow spoon used to remove cosmetics or medicines from narrow necked containers. CRAMPON CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A spiked, iron plate fixed to a boot for climbing on BT COSMETIC ARTICLE ice. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT MEDICAL IMPLEMENT BT FOOTWEAR COMPONENT COSTREL CREAM PAN UF Pilgrim Bottle SN A wide-mouthed, narrow based flared bowl SN A portable medieval container usually cylindrical associated with dairying activities. (Source: or barrel shaped. MPRG) CL CONTAINER CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER BT FLARED BOWL NT BARREL COSTREL CL CONTAINER CYLINDRICAL COSTREL BT FLARED BOWL MAMMIFORM COSTREL STANDING COSTREL CREAMER COSTUME SN A decorative container for serving cream. CL CONTAINER SN A style of dressing including all the clothes, BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER accessories etc worn at one time, as in a CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION particular country or period. BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT CLOTHING CREASER NT DANCE COSTUME SN A flat edged blade used in leatherworking THEATRE COSTUME CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT COT CREEL SN A child's bed, usually without rockers. SN A wickerwork basket for holding fish or catching CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE lobsters. BT FURNITURE CL CONTAINER COTTON GIN BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION CONTAINER SN A machine for freeing the cotton from the plant. RT FISHING BASKET
32 FISHING OBJECT CL MEASUREMENT CREMATION CROSSBOW SN The burnt remains of a corpse. SN A bow, fixed to a stock, with a mechanism to fire CL RELIGION OR RITUAL the bow. RT BURIAL URN CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CINERARY VESSEL BT PROJECTILE WEAPON CRESSET CROSSBOW BOLT SN A metal basket, mounted on a pole, in which oil or UF Quarrel pitch was burned for illumination. SN A pointed projectile fired from a crossbow CL HEATING AND LIGHTING designed to injure or kill a given target. BT HEATING OBJECT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT PROJECTILE CRESSET LAMP SN An open lamp which was filled with oil then a CROSSBOW BROOCH wick floated on the oil. UF Bugelknopffibeln CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN Roman bow brooch, dating from the third to fifth BT LAMP centuries AD, with a P-shaped profile and a characteristic crossbar, often adorned with Crest knobs at its end and on the head. Shown in USE HELMET contemporary illustrations as being worn by high CRESTED BLADE ranking males. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A flint blade with negative impressions of BT BOW BROOCH removals on one side of the dorsal surface, creating a crest. These constitute part of a CROTAL previously worked striking platfom or result from UF Harness Bell preparing the flaked surface on a core before Pellet Bell detaching flakes or blades. Rumbler Bell CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Sleigh Bell BT BLADE SN An enclosed, round bell with a slit, sounded by a CROOK loose internal pellet. CL MUSIC SN A staff with a bent head used by a shepherd. For BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
33 shaped into a zoomorphic motif. includes not only worked fragments, but pieces CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES broken from blowing irons and pontils, (moyles). BT LONG BROOCH All periods from the Roman onwards. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CRUET (DOMESTIC) BT BY PRODUCT SN A small container for holding oil, vinegar, salt etc for use at the table. CULTIVATION OBJECT CL CONTAINER SN Equipment used in the preparation and BT CONTAINER
34 CURTAIN FITTING CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY BT MEDICAL IMPLEMENT SN An object which supports or is attached to a curtain. CURFEW CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A metal or ceramic cover for an open fire or CUSHION hearth. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN Bag filled with soft stuffing used to support the BT FIRE COVER body. NT FLANGED CURFEW CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE FLARED CURFEW BT FURNISHING HALF ROUND CURFEW CUSHION STONE HEMISPHERICAL CURFEW SN A piece with one or more surfaces with CURRENCY either/both slightly convex shape appropriate for SN Objects primarily intended to be used as a use in forming metal artefacts. medium of exchange, eg coins. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL CURRENCY CUSHIONED MACE NT BANK NOTE COIN SN A type of mace with bolster shaped stone or COIN HOARD metal head on a wooden or metal shaft. Where RING MONEY (CURRENCY) the use is thought to be ceremonial, double index TOKEN with ceremonial object. RT INGOT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS MEASUREMENT BT MACE CURRENCY BAR CUTLASS SN An iron bar or ingot of distinctive form with a SN A flat heavy slightly curved blade. pinched end previously thought to have been CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS used as a medium of exchange in the Iron Age BT SWORD but is now believed to be a roughout for a sword. CUTLERY CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT ROUGHOUT SN Hand held instruments which assist in the holding, cutting and eating of food. CURRIERS KNIFE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A leather working tool. BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT FORK (UTENSIL) BT KNIFE SPOON CURRY COMB Cutting Blade SN A handheld serrated device for grooming horses. USE BLADE CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT CUTTING EQUIPMENT BT ANIMAL CARE EQUIPMENT SN Equipment used primarily to cut, slice, chop etc, CURSE using an implement with one or more sharp SN An object designed to bring bad luck, divine edges. wrath, disease etc upon the bearer or target of CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT the curse. NT ADZE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL ADZE HAMMER BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT ADZEHEAD AXE CURSE TABLET AXEHEAD UF Defixione BACKED BLADELET SN A tablet, often made of lead, on which curses are BILL HOOK written. Sometimes the tablet is transfixed with a BLADE nail. CHISEL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CHOPPER BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT CLEAVER CLIPPERS CURSING STICK FLAKE SN A stick used to bring down curses. GOUGE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL HANDAXE BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT HURDLING TOOL CURTAIN KNIFE MACHETE SN Hanging drapery used to cover an opening eg a PRUNING HOOK window, often decorative. RAZOR CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE REAPING HOOK BT WINDOW COVERING SAW
35 SCISSORS NT BASELARD SCYTHE DIRK SECATEURS MISERICORD (DAGGER) SHEARS POIGNARD SICKLE DANCE COSTUME TURF CUTTER WEEDING HOOK SN Clothing worn specifically for formalised dancing. Cutting Flake CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT COSTUME USE FLAKE DANCE ORNAMENT CYLINDRICAL BLADE CORE SN Ornamentation worn specifically for formalised SN A core which has two opposing platforms. One dancing. end serving as the main platform for the removal CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES of blades - the other being used to straighten the BT JEWELLERY face of the core and correct knapping errors. Removals are taken from the full circumference. Dark Earth (Source: SARC) USE DEPOSIT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING ORGANIC MATERIAL BT BLADE CORE DART CYLINDRICAL COSTREL SN A small narrow pointed missile that is thrown or SN A costrel with a cylindrical body and a centrally shot. placed neck. One end is usually domed and the CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS other flat. Two opposed strap handles or lugs BT PROJECTILE may join the rim or neck and shoulder. (Source: MPRG) DATE STONE CL CONTAINER SN A stone with the date on it, sometimes of an BT COSTREL event, person etc. CYLINDRICAL JAR CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS BT WRITTEN ITEM SN A jar with roughly vertical body walls which in some cases may be slightly convex. (Source: DAUB MPRG) SN An earth based plaster the mixture of which may CL CONTAINER contain clay, dung, straw, lime putty, sand or BT JAR horsehair. CYLINDRICAL JUG CL ARCHITECTURE BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT SN A jug with straight vertical sides and roughly equal rim and base diameters. (Source: MPRG) DEADLIGHT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A hinged plate of brass, iron or wood inboard of BT JUG a ship's scuttle or porthole which can be lowered CL CONTAINER and secured with a butterfly nut to prevent BT JUG damage to glass in heavy weather or mask CYLINDRICAL MUG internal light from enemy vessels. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A mug with roughly vertical body walls. (Source: BT WINDOW FITTING MPRG) CL CONTAINER DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT BT MUG SN An object related to deaths, burials or funerals. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT MUG NT BIER Cyma BODY PLUG BURIAL CHEST USE MOULDING BURIAL URN CYMBAL CANOPIC VESSEL CINERARY VESSEL SN A thin piece of metal which when struck vibrates COFFIN to produce a sound, can be used in pairs. COFFIN FITTING CL MUSIC DEATH MASK BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
36 SHROUD GLACIATION DEPOSIT TOMB GRAVEL TOMBSTONE LACUSTRINE DEPOSIT DEATH MASK MARINE DEPOSIT SN A cast of a person's face taken after death. PALEOSOL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL PEAT BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT PERIGLACIAL DEPOSIT SILT DEBITAGE SPHEROIDAL CARBONACEOUS PARTICLES UF Knapping Fragment (SCPS) SN Waste flakes and cores produced in the TUFA manufacture of stone implements. WASTE DEPOSIT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING DESK BT TOOL BY PRODUCT SN A flat surface often with drawers used for NT AXE TRIMMING FLAKE working upon. CORE CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE FLAKE BT TABLE LEVALLOIS FLAKE RT LAP DESK TRANCHET FLAKE DIADEM RT BLADE SN A band worn around the head to denote DECANTER sovereignty. SN A stoppered bottle, for serving drinks. CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT POWER SYMBOL BT DRINK SERVING CONTAINER DIARY CL CONTAINER BT DRINK SERVING CONTAINER SN A written journal, often of a personal nature. CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS Dedication Stone BT WRITTEN ITEM USE COMMEMORATIVE STONE DIATOMS Defixione UF Microfossil USE CURSE TABLET SN Algae usually found as a silica skeleton. They DENTAL IMPLEMENT obtain their food by photosynthesis and are used in ecological reconstruction. SN Tool used in dentistry either for examination or CL ECOFACTS surgery. RT PLANT REMAINS CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY NT BURR DIBBLE DENTICULATE SN A tool for creating holes in the ground in which to plant seeds or plants. A flake or blade tool with more than one notch on SN CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE its edge. BT CULTIVATION OBJECT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT SERRATED IMPLEMENT Dice SIDE SCRAPER USE DIE NT MICRODENTICULATE DICE SHAKER DEPOSIT SN A container in which dice are shaken and from UF Black Earth which dice are thrown. Dark Earth CL CONTAINER Organic Sediment BT CONTAINER
37 CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Discoidal Scraper BT MOULDING EQUIPMENT USE DISCOIDAL KNIFE DIGGING EQUIPMENT DISCUS SN Equipment for digging earth, etc. SN A heavy disc, usually thrown. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL SPORTS AND GAMES NT DIGGING SCOOP DISH DIGGING STICK ENTRENCHING TOOL SN A container used for holding or serving food, FORK (TOOL) especially an open shallow container. HOE CL CONTAINER SHOVEL BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER SPADE CONTAINER
38 SN A board used in divination. BT WRITTEN ITEM CL RELIGION OR RITUAL NT BULLA BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT DODECAHEDRON Divination Bone SN The purpose of this object is unknown though it USE ORACLE BONE could be for surveying or it could be a charm. CL UNASSIGNED DIVINATION BOWL SN A bowl used for divination. Dog Harness CL CONTAINER USE HARNESS BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER DOLL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT SN A toy in the image of a human being. CL SPORTS AND GAMES DIVINATION BOX BT TOY SN A box used for divination. DOLPHIN BROOCH CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT SN Roman, mid-1st century AD two-piece Bow Brooch, derived from the Colchester Brooch, with DIVINATION DIE a winged, transverse head protecting a spring SN A die used in divination. mechanism held by a rear facing hook over the CL RELIGION OR RITUAL chord, its profile evoking a leaping dolphin. BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT BOW BROOCH DIVINATION FIGURE DOMED LID SN A figurative representation used in divination. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A lid with a shallow domed profile and a central BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT knob. (Source: MPRG) CL UNASSIGNED DIVINATION STAFF BT LID SN A staff used in divination. DOMINO CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT SN A flat, oblong gaming piece marked with spots used to play dominoes. DIVINATION STONE CL SPORTS AND GAMES SN A stone used for divination. DONKEY SHOE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT SN Thinner and narrower than a horse shoe these RT RUNE STONE are also rarer as donkeys tend to be shod less often than horses. DIVINATION TABLET CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT SN A tablet used for divination. BT ANIMAL SHOE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL DOOR BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT UF Door Frame DIVINATION TRAY Door Jamb SN A tray used in divination. Door Post CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Door Sill BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT Door Socket SN A barrier used to close an opening, usually DIVINATIONAL OBJECT hinged and often hung within a supporting frame. SN An object used within a divinational process. CL ARCHITECTURE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT NT DIVINATION BOARD RT DOORSTOP DIVINATION BOWL DIVINATION BOX DOOR FITTING DIVINATION DIE UF Door Furniture DIVINATION FIGURE Door Handle DIVINATION STAFF Door Knob DIVINATION STONE Door Knocker DIVINATION TABLET Door Plate DIVINATION TRAY Door Stud ORACLE BONE SN An object which is attached to or connected with DOCUMENT a door. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A piece of written or printed matter providing a NT HATCHWAY COVER record of events, agreements, ownership or identification. Door Frame CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS USE DOOR
39 BT LAMP Door Furniture USE DOOR FITTING Double Sided Comb USE COMB Door Handle USE DOOR FITTING DOUBLE SPIKED LOOP UF Joiners Dog Door Jamb SN A type of staple used to hold two object together. USE DOOR CL UNASSIGNED JAMB BT STAPLE SN Use both terms. Dowel Door Knob USE PEG USE DOOR FITTING DOWRY BOX Door Knocker SN A box to contain the dowry which is a gift or USE DOOR FITTING endowment given to or on behalf of the wife. Door Plate CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER USE DOOR FITTING CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Door Post BT MARRIAGE OBJECT USE DOOR DRAGONESQUE BROOCH Door Sill SN Roman mid-first to third century AD S or reverse- USE DOOR S shaped brooch. Often enamelled, with its central section expanded for decoration, the Door Socket brooch depicted stylised creatures derived from USE DOOR Celtic art. The pin was looped over the neck of the brooch. Door Stop CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES USE DOORSTOP BT BROOCH Door Stud DRAIN COVER USE DOOR FITTING SN A protective covering to a drain. DOORSTOP CL ARCHITECTURE BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT UF Door Stop SN An object fixed to the door or floor to limit the DRAIN PIPE amount a door can open. SN A pipe designed to act as a drain or within a CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS drain. RT DOOR CL ARCHITECTURE DOUBLE HANDLED BOWL BT PIPE (ARCHITECTURAL) UF Two Handled Bowl DRAUGHTSMAN SN A bowl adapted by the addition of two handles, SN A playing piece for draughts generally opposed. (Source: MPRG) CL SPORTS AND GAMES CL CONTAINER BT GAMING PIECE BT HANDLED BOWL DRAWING SET CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT HANDLED BOWL SN Associated group of drawing implements. NT COCKEREL BOWL CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT DOUBLE HANDLED JAR DRAWKNIFE SN A jar adapted by the addition of two handles. Handles may be horizontal or vertical loops or SN A knife handled at both ends used to shave horizontal or curved lugs. Handles are nearly wood. always opposed. Profiles vary and should be CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT double indexed with the appropriate JAR type. BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT (Source: MPRG) DRESS CL CONTAINER BT HANDLED JAR SN A garment worn by females. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES DOUBLE SHELLED LAMP BT OUTERWEAR SN A pedestal lamp with a drip-tray below the bowl. DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES There may be a vertical loop handle linking bowl and drip-tray. Some variants have a more SN Clothes, items of attire and ornament and objects enclosed bowl form with a small tubular spout for personal use by individuals, including projecting from the bowl. (Source: MPRG) toiletries. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES
40 NT CLOTHING through the use of a twisting, drilling action. DRESS COMPONENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT GORGET (DECORATIVE) NT AUGER LIGHTER AUGER BIT PERSONAL ACCESSORY BORER PERSONAL ORNAMENT DRILL DRILL BIT DRESS COMPONENT GIMLET SN Items which are used in clothing but which are SPOON BIT not necessarily a separate item of clothing. TWIST BIT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES NT BRAID DRINK SERVING CONTAINER BUTTON COVER SN A container used to serve drinks and liquids. CLOTHING FASTENING CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION FOOTWEAR COMPONENT BT FOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER LACE (TEXTILE) CL CONTAINER RIBBON BT FOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER SPANGLE NT BOMBARD DRESS FASTENER (DRESS) COOLER DECANTER SN Any form of fastener used to fasten clothing FLAGON together. JUG CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PITCHER BT CLOTHING FASTENING SAUCER DRESS FASTENER (UNKNOWN) DRINKING HORN SN An object of Bronze Age date, usually of gold, UF Drinking Horn Mount with an unknown function. SN A drinking vessel, usually curved in shape, CL UNASSIGNED fashioned out of animal tusk or horn and DRESS HOOK sometimes with bands of decoration. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION UF Garment Hook BT DRINKING VESSEL SN A hook to join parts of clothing together. CL CONTAINER CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT CONTAINER
41 juices from roasting meat. The dish may be oval, SN A pad of cloth or fur for keeping the ears warm. semi-circular, rectangular or wedge-shaped. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Usually has one or two handles located on one BT HEADWEAR long side and a lip at one or both short sides. Ear Pick (Source: MPRG) CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION USE EAR SCOOP BT DISH EAR PLUG CL CONTAINER UF Earplug BT DISH SN A device inserted in the ear canal to protect the Dripping Pan wearer from loud noises or the intrusion of USE DRIPPING DISH water, foreign bodies, dust or excessive wind. SN (Source: MPRG) CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY Dripping Tray EAR RING USE DRIPPING DISH SN An ornament for the ear, usually clipped to the SN (Source: MPRG) lobe or fastened through a hole pierced in the lobe. DROP HINGE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A hinge composed of two parts: a u-shaped BT HEAD ORNAMENT hinge attached to a door which slotted over an L- EAR SCOOP shaped staple in the door jamb. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS UF Ear Cleaner BT HINGE Ear Pick Ear Spoon DRUG BOTTLE SN A thin scoop used for cleaning the ear. UF Drug Jar CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Drug Pot BT WASHING AND CLEANSING ITEM SN A container, usually glass, used for storing Ear Spoon medicinal substances. CL CONTAINER USE EAR SCOOP BT MEDICAL CONTAINER Earguard CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY USE HELMET BT MEDICAL CONTAINER Earplug Drug Jar USE EAR PLUG USE DRUG BOTTLE Earthworm Remains Drug Pot USE ANNELID REMAINS USE DRUG BOTTLE ECHINODERM REMAINS DRUM SN Remains of the group of animals characterized as SN An instrument made of a hollow cylinder or being radially symmetrical in form, such as sea hemisphere covered at one or both ends and urchins, sea cucumbers and starfish. sounded by striking. CL ECOFACTS CL MUSIC BT INVERTEBRATE REMAINS BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
42 SN An instrument where the note is made by air End Winged Axehead being blown over an edge. CL MUSIC USE WINGED AXEHEAD BT WIND INSTRUMENT ENGINE NT FLUTE SN A machine consisting of a number of moving ORGAN parts designed to produce a specific physical PAN PIPE effect, such as the powering of a craft or other WHISTLE device. EDGED WEAPON CL TRANSPORT SN A weapon with a sharp edge or point. BT VEHICLE COMPONENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS NT AIRCRAFT ENGINE BT WEAPON ENGRAVED OBJECT NT AXE SN A portable object of stone, bone, metal or other BAYONET material featuring a deliberately engraved or DAGGER incised design. STAFF WEAPON CL UNASSIGNED SWORD THROWING AXE ENGRAVING TOOL RT ARMS HOLDER SN A tool used to incise or ipress images. SCABBARD CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Eel Fork BT MARKING EQUIPMENT USE EEL SPEAR ENTRENCHING TOOL EEL SPEAR UF Trenching Tool UF Eel Fork SN A small tool with a shovel blade and a pick blade SN A two pronged spear for catching eels. set at right angles to the handle. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT FISHING OBJECT BT DIGGING EQUIPMENT EFFIGY EPAULETTE UF Memorial Effigy SN An ornamental shoulder piece, usually a badge of SN A sculpture on top of a tomb etc. military office. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT BT PERSONAL SYMBOL RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT Epicranitis EGG CUP USE MOULDING SN A small cup for holding a boiled egg upright while Escutcheon it is being eaten. USE BUCKET CL CONTAINER HANGING BOWL BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER KEYHOLE FITTING CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN This appears on a number of objects, use BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER appropriate term eg, bucket, keyhole, hanging EGG SHELL bowl etc. SN Use for the remains of an egg whether from a ESTUARINE DEPOSIT bird, reptile or amphibian. SN Use for deposits formed in estuaries. CL ECOFACTS CL ECOFACTS BT VERTEBRATE REMAINS BT DEPOSIT Emblem RT MARINE DEPOSIT USE INSIGNIA ETCHING TOOL EMBOSSING STAMP SN A tool used in etching which is the use of acid to breakdown parts of a metal plate in order to SN A stamp used to emboss paper. create an image. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT MARKING TOOL BT MARKING EQUIPMENT END SCRAPER EUCHARIST OBJECT SN A flint blade or flake with retouch on one or both SN An object used in the Eucharist. ends. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT CHALICE BT SCRAPER (TOOL) CIBORIUM NT CONCAVE END SCRAPER CRUET (RELIGIOUS) CONVEX END SCRAPER EUCHARIST SPOON STRAIGHT END SCRAPER PATEN TRANSVERSE END SCRAPER
43 EUCHARIST SPOON Face Vase SN A spoon used to dispense communion wine. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL USE FACE URN BT EUCHARIST OBJECT FAN EWER SN A hand held instrument for producing a current of SN A large jug or pitcher with a wide mouth. air for cooling the user. It is both a practical and a CL CONTAINER fashion item. BT CONTAINER
44 tubes, sticks, shafts, etc. Use with specific Fipple Flute object name where known eg spear and ferrule. USE FLUTE CL UNASSIGNED Fire Bar FETTER USE KILN FURNITURE UF Leg Iron SN A shackle for the feet. FIRE BASKET CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT SN An enclosed container to hold coals or logs of a BT SHACKLE fire. Fibula CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT HEATING OBJECT USE BROOCH FIRE BRICK FICHU SN A brick made of clay which is difficult to fuse, SN A triangle of cloth worn by ladies to cover the used in boilers and fireplaces. shoulders, neck and throat. CL ARCHITECTURE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT BRICK BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY FIRE COVER FIDDLE UF Fire Guard SN A stringed musical instrument, usually played SN A guard or cover put in front of a fire to prevent with a bow. embers or flames setting fire to a building. CL MUSIC CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT BOWED STRING INSTRUMENT BT HEATING OBJECT Fiddle Key Nail NT CURFEW USE SHOEING NAIL FIRE DOG Fife SN A pair of uprights supporting a crosspiece. Often USE FLUTE very decorative, fire dogs were probably used as a spit or to hold pots over the fire. FIGUREHEAD CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A carved bust, figure or representation usually BT HEATING OBJECT fixed to the bow of a ship. FIRE FAN CL UNASSIGNED BT SCULPTURE SN A fan designed to fan the coals of a fire to increase the oxygen around the coals and thus to FIGURINE help the fire burn. UF Statuette CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A small carved or sculpted figure. BT HEATING OBJECT CL UNASSIGNED FIRE FENDER BT SCULPTURE RT SHABTI SN A piece of metal in front of a fire to stop embers rolling onto the carpet. FILE CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A tool, usually metal, with roughened surfaces in BT HEATING OBJECT the form of very small teeth. FIRE GRATE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT UF Fire Grid SN A horizontal pierced metal object upon which to FINGER RING hold the coals of a fire. UF Amulet Ring CL HEATING AND LIGHTING Posy Ring BT HEATING OBJECT Signet Ring Fire Grid SN A circular band, usually metal, worn on the finger for ornamentation. USE FIRE GRATE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Fire Guard BT JEWELLERY USE FIRE COVER Fingerboard FIRE HOOK USE STRING INSTRUMENT SN A tool used to pull down burning structures. FINIAL (ARCHITECTURAL) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN An architectural ornament usually surmounting FIRE IRON the apex of a gable, canopy or roof. SN Tools used to maintain a fire. CL ARCHITECTURE CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT BT HEATING OBJECT NT ROOF FINIAL NT FIRE RAKE FIRE SHOVEL
45 FIRE TONGS middle of the fish gorge which then lodges in the POKER throat after the fish has swallowed it. FIRE MARK CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN A wall plate used by insurance companies to BT FISHING OBJECT identify insured property. FISH HOOK CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS SN A bent piece of metal or bone, often with a barb, FIRE RAKE which is tied to a line and used to catch fish. SN A small rake used to move the embers of a fire. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT FISHING OBJECT BT FIRE IRON FISH KETTLE FIRE SCREEN SN A pan for cooking fish. SN A screen to intercept the heat from a fire. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT COOKING VESSEL BT HEATING OBJECT CL CONTAINER BT COOKING VESSEL FIRE SHOVEL Fish Net SN A small shovel for adding or placing coals onto a fire. USE FISHING NET CL HEATING AND LIGHTING FISH REMAINS BT FIRE IRON UF Fish Bone FIRE STONE SN Use for the remains of any part of a fish. SN Stone used to line a furnace or oven. CL ECOFACTS CL ARCHITECTURE BT VERTEBRATE REMAINS BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT FISH SMOKER FIRE TONGS SN An object used to preserve fish by immersing the SN A pair of tongs used for placing coals onto a fire. fish in smoke. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT TONGS BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT CL HEATING AND LIGHTING FISH SPEAR BT FIRE IRON SN A long pointed weapon used to catch fish by FIREARM stabbing. UF Gun CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN A handheld weapon that fires missiles by means BT FISHING OBJECT of explosives. NT LEISTER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS FISH TRAP BT PROJECTILE WEAPON SN A trap designed and used to catch fish. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE BT HUNTING OBJECT BT FISHING OBJECT NT HANDGUN LONGARM FISHING BASKET SHOTGUN SN A basket for the storage and transport of fishing RT POWDER FLASK equipment. For the storage and transport of fish POWDER HORN use creel. PRIMING FLASK CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE PRIMING HORN BT FISHING OBJECT Firelock CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER
46 SN A tool, piece of equipment, container or other RT BANNER object used for or in fishing. Flagellum CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE NT EEL SPEAR USE SCOURGE FISH GORGE Flageolet FISH HOOK USE FLUTE FISH SPEAR FISH TRAP FLAGON FISHING BASKET SN Container with a handle, spout and narrow neck. FISHING LINE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION FISHING NET BT DRINK SERVING CONTAINER FISHING REEL CL CONTAINER FISHING ROD BT CONTAINER
47 sides of which are raised, either by casting or CL CONTAINER hammering, to form flanges on both faces which BT MUG aid hafting. Some types also feature a raised bar FLASHING or stop between the flanges. SN A layer of impervious material, such as lead or CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT bitumen, usually placed between a wall and a BT AXEHEAD roofline to exclude water.Impervious material to FLANGED CURFEW exclude water. CL ARCHITECTURE SN A curfew consisting of a half-bell shape with a BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT raised flange around the cut-away side. A vertical loop handle joins the flange and body. FLASK The form is adapted for use against a wall and SN A bottle with a narrow neck used for wine, oil some are highly decorated. (Source: MPRG) etc. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL CONTAINER BT CURFEW BT CONTAINER
48 SN An instrument for letting blood. RUG CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY FLOOR TILE BT MEDICAL IMPLEMENT SN A tile used within a floor. Flesh Fork CL ARCHITECTURE USE FLESH HOOK BT TILE FLESH HOOK Flooring UF Flesh Fork USE FLOOR SN A pronged iron hook used in cookery. FLOWER POT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT SN A container in which plants are grown. CL CONTAINER Flint Implement BT HORTICULTURAL CONTAINER USE LITHIC IMPLEMENT FLUE TILE Flintlock UF Box Tile USE FLINTLOCK MUSKET SN A hollow or rectangular block which acts as a FLINTLOCK PISTOL flue allowing the passage of gases or heat. SN Use appropriate term. CL ARCHITECTURE BT TILE FLINTLOCK MUSKET UF Firelock FLUTE Flintlock UF Fife SN A musket fired by use of a flintlock. A gunflint is Fipple Flute held in the lock which on pulling the trigger Flageolet pushes back the pan cover creating sparks Pipe (Music) which set off the powder in the pan causing a Recorder flame to go through and set off the charge in the SN A pipe in which air is made to vibrate by blowing barrel. across an edge, including transverse flutes and CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS recorders. BT MUSKET CL MUSIC BT EDGE BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT FLINTLOCK PISTOL UF Flintlock FOB SN A pistol fired by use of a flintlock.A gunflint is SN A fob can consist of a chain and or a ring. held in the lock which on pulling the trigger CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES pushes back the pan cover creating sparks BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY which set off the powder in the pan causing a FOIL flame to go through and set off the charge in the barrel. SN A fencing sword often used for recreational CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS purposes. BT PISTOL CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT SWORD FLOAT (TOOL) FOLDING KNIFE SN A plasterer's tool for smoothing the surface of plaster. UF Clasp Knife CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A knife with a hinged blade which folds into a slot BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT in the handle. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FLOAT (WATER) BT KNIFE SN An object that supports another in water, eg float FONT on a fishing line or net. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN A vessel, usually made of stone, which contains BT FISHING OBJECT the consecrated water for baptism. NT NET FLOAT CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT FLOOR FOOD AND DRINK SERVING CONTAINER UF Flooring SN The lower surface of a room. SN Containers used to serve food and drink. Use CL ARCHITECTURE appropriate term. BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL CONTAINER FLOOR COVERING BT CONTAINER
49 SN A container for the storage and/or transport of FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT food and/or liquid. SN Includes equipment for the consumption of food. CL CONTAINER CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT CONTAINER
50 SN A low stool for resting feet upon. FRAME CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE SN Use specific type where known, eg picture BT FURNITURE frame. CL UNASSIGNED FOOTWEAR NT PICTURE FRAME SN Clothing worn on the foot. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Frame Harp BT CLOTHING USE LYRE NT BOOT FRANCISCA CLOG MOCCASIN SN An axe used by the Saxons and Franks for PATTEN throwing. SANDAL CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SHOE BT THROWING AXE SLIPPER Fresco SOCK USE WALL PAINTING FOOTWEAR COMPONENT FRESH AND BRACKISH WATER MOLLUSCA REMAINS SN Items which are part of or added to footwear. UF Freshwater (Mollusca Remains) CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN Molluscs found in fresh or brackish water BT DRESS COMPONENT habitats. NT BOOT STUD CL ECOFACTS CLUMP SOLE BT NON MARINE MOLLUSCA REMAINS CRAMPON HOB NAIL Freshwater (Mollusca Remains) SHOE IRON USE FRESH AND BRACKISH WATER MOLLUSCA SOLE REMAINS SPUR Fret FORAMINIFERA USE STRING INSTRUMENT UF Microfossil SN Single celled marine organisms. Some form FRIEZE calcareous tests (shells). They are used SN A decorative band or feature. archaeologically to study the nature of marine CL UNASSIGNED environments or establish the presence of marine BT SCULPTURE conditions or products (e.g. imported seaweed). NT NAMEBOARD CL ECOFACTS RT ANIMAL REMAINS FRIT FORCEPS SN Part of the glass making process, the frit is broken up into a crucible and heated to create SN An instrument in the form of a pair of pincers glass. used to grip and pull objects, usually used in CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING surgery. BT BY PRODUCT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT FRUITSTONE CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY SN Remains of the endocarp (stone) of a member of BT SURGICAL INSTRUMENT the genus Prunus which includes sloes, plums, cherries, apricots and peaches. FORK (TOOL) CL ECOFACTS SN A handled tool with two or more prongs used for BT SEEDS digging, cultivation etc. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FRYING PAN BT DIGGING EQUIPMENT SN A long handled shallow pan used for frying. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT CULTIVATION OBJECT BT COOKING VESSEL CL CONTAINER FORK (UTENSIL) BT COOKING VESSEL UF Fork Prong SN A hand held utensil with two or more prongs to FUDDLING CUP hold food. SN A vessel composed of three or more separate CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION compartments, joined together and pierced to BT CUTLERY allow liquid to flow from one to another. There may be one or more handles. (Source: MPRG) Fork Prong CL CONTAINER USE FORK (UTENSIL) BT CUP Foundation Stone CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT CUP USE COMMEMORATIVE STONE
51 FULLER CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE SN A pair of round edged tools like chisels to make a NT BED groove in iron. CABINET CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CHEST COMMODE FULLING ROLLER COT SN A roller used in the fulling process to felt cloth. CRADLE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CUPBOARD BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT FOOTSTOOL FULLING VAT GARDEROBE SEAT LAP DESK SN A large container used for the process of MIRROR cleansing and thickening cloth by beating and MISERICORD (SEAT) washing. SEAT CL CONTAINER SHELVING BT CONTAINER
52 SN A marker used to represent a gambling stake. GATE CL SPORTS AND GAMES UF Gateway RT JETTON SN A metal or wooden framework suspended within an opening in an external wall, fence, hedge etc, Gaming Counter to allow ingress or egress. USE GAMING PIECE CL ARCHITECTURE GAMING PIECE BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT UF Game Counter Gate Pier Gaming Counter USE PIER Playing Piece SN A marker used in the playing of a game. Gate Pillar CL SPORTS AND GAMES USE PIER NT CHESS PIECE Gateway DRAUGHTSMAN HNEFATAFL MARKER USE GATE KNUCKLE BONE (GAMING) GAUGE TABLEMAN SN A graduated vessel or instrument for gauging or RT COUNTER measuring the force or quantity of a fluctuating GANG CHAIN object, such as rainfall, tide, wind etc. SN A chain used to inhibit a prisoner's freedom. CL MEASUREMENT CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT GAUNTLET Garden Soil SN Armoured covering to protect the hand and wrist. USE AGRICULTURAL DEPOSIT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT ARMOUR
53 CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT GINGER JAR BT DRILLING EQUIPMENT GLOBULAR JUG GINGER JAR SN A jug with a rounded profile and a rounded base, SN A specific form of globular jar with a rounded or i.e. with no discernible basal angle. (Source: very sagging base and an inturned, generally MPRG) simple, rim. (Source: MPRG) CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL CONTAINER BT JUG BT GLOBULAR JAR CL CONTAINER BT JUG Gipciere GLOVE USE PURSE SN A covering for the hand. GIRDLE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A form of belt or sash worn to hold in garments. BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES GNOMON BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY SN A pillar, rod, pin, or plate of a sundial, showing GIRDLE FASTENER time by its shadow. SN Any form of fastener used to fasten a girdle CL MEASUREMENT together. BT TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES GOAD BT CLOTHING FASTENING UF Ox Goad GIRDLE HANGER SN A spiked stick, the spiked tip frequently of metal, SN T shaped piece of bronze imitating a key and used to urge livestock forward. hung from a chatelaine. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES GOBLET BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY RT CHATELAINE SN A container for drinking, with a base and stem KEY (LOCKING) but without handles. CL CONTAINER GIRTH BT CONTAINER
54 SN A tool with a sharp, concave edge for shaping GRAVE MARKER wood, stone or metal. SN An object placed to mark the site of a grave. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT NT SOCKETED GOUGE RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT GRAIN MEASURE GRAVE SLAB UF Corn Measure UF Grave Cover Modius SN A stone used to cover a grave. SN A container holding a set quantity used CL RELIGION OR RITUAL specifically for measuring grains or cereal. BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT CL MEASUREMENT RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT BT MEASURING VESSEL GRAVEL CL CONTAINER BT MEASURING VESSEL CL ECOFACTS BT DEPOSIT GRAIN RUBBER GRAVER UF Rubber Rubbing Stone SN A hand held tool for marking or graving. SN A shaped stone, which could be hand held, used CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT in combination with a saddle quern to grind or rub BT MARKING EQUIPMENT grain. GRAVESTONE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT GRINDING EQUIPMENT UF Footstone CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE Headstone Ledger Stone BT GRINDING EQUIPMENT Namestone GRAPE SN A stone placed over or at the head or foot of a SN A specific form of cauldron, generally of rounded grave, or at the entrance to a tomb. profile made in the Low Countries. (Source: CL RELIGION OR RITUAL MPRG) BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT CL CONTAINER RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT BT CAULDRON GREASE POT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A container to hold and/or apply grease. BT CAULDRON CL CONTAINER GRAPE SHOT BT CONTAINER
55 SN A shaped flint used in flintlocks to create the GRINDING EQUIPMENT spark to fire the gun. SN Equipment used in the grinding of cereal to CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS produce foodstuffs. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE GUTTERING CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A shallow channel to collect rain water, attached NT GRAIN RUBBER to the eaves of a building. MILLSTONE CL ARCHITECTURE MULLER BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT PESTLE GYTTJA POUNDER QUERN SN Fine-grained, non-humified, organic mud formed under water. Principally composed of plant Grinding Stone material, typically of faecal origin. USE GRINDSTONE CL ECOFACTS BT LACUSTRINE DEPOSIT Grinding Wheel USE GRINDSTONE Haft Flanged Axehead FLANGED AXEHEAD GRINDSTONE USE UF Grinding Stone HAIR CARE EQUIPMENT Grinding Wheel SN Objects used for looking after hair. SN A revolving stone used to sharpen or polish by CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES grinding. BT PERSONAL GROOMING AND HYGIENE ITEM CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT COMB BT SHARPENING EQUIPMENT HAIR CURLER HAIRBRUSH GRIPPING EQUIPMENT WIG CURLER SN Equipment used to grip an object. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HAIR CURLER NT FORCEPS SN An object designed to add curls into hair. NAIL EXTRACTOR CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PINCERS BT HAIR CARE EQUIPMENT PINNERS BONE HAIR NET PLIERS SPANNER SN A net worn over the hair to hold it in place. TONGS CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES TWEEZERS BT HEADWEAR VICE HAIR ORNAMENT WRENCH SN Decorative ornamentation worn in the hair. GROOVED HAMMERSTONE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A hammerstone but with broad groove worked BT PERSONAL ORNAMENT around much or all of centre to enable fixing to a NT HAIR PIN handle; usually associated with HAIR RING mining/metalworking. HAIR SLIDE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HAIR PIECE BT HAMMERSTONE SN A wig, toupee or section of extra hair designed to GUISARME replace or enhance the wearer's real hair giving SN A long handled weapon which has a long blade greater quantity, bulk or length. in line with the shaft, sharpened on both sides CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES and ending in a point. BT HEADWEAR CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS HAIR PIN BT STAFF WEAPON SN A pin used to hold hair in place. GUITAR CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A stringed instrument with a fingerboard which BT HAIR ORNAMENT has frets on it. HAIR RING CL MUSIC BT PLUCKED STRING INSTRUMENT SN A ring used to hold hair in place. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Gun BT HAIR ORNAMENT USE FIREARM HAIR SLIDE Gun Guard SN A comb or slide used to hold hair in place. USE TRIGGER GUARD CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT HAIR ORNAMENT GUNFLINT
56 HAIRBRUSH SN A tool of flint or other stone, usually worked SN A brush used to disentangle hair. bifacially, and thought to be a fairly general CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES purpose tool. BT HAIR CARE EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT HALBERD SN A combination of spear and axe on a long handle. Handaxe Roughout CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS USE AXEHEAD ROUGHOUT BT STAFF WEAPON Handbell Halberd Pendant USE BELL USE PENDANT HANDGUN HALF ROUND CURFEW SN A gun designed to be held in one hand. It has a SN A curfew consisting of a half section of an short barrel length compared to long guns. inverted bowl. The form has been adapted for CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE use against a wall. (Source: MPRG) BT FIREARM CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT CURFEW BT FIREARM NT PISTOL HAMMER HANDKERCHIEF UF Hammer Head SN A blunt headed instrument used for striking SN A piece of fabric for wiping the nose, face or objects. hands. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT STRIKING EQUIPMENT BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY Hammer Head HANDLE USE HAMMER SN The part of an object by which it is held when in use, being moved or carried. HAMMERSCALE CL UNASSIGNED SN A flaky or spheroidal byproduct of the iron forging process, composed of either iron oxide or HANDLE CORE magnetite. SN A stone core made on a large thick flake and CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING characterized by a distinctive, unworked or BT INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT slightly-shaped handle section. The platform is plain and microblades are detached mainly form HAMMERSTONE the front section of the core. (Source: SARC) SN A non perforated stone used as a hammer in CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING making stone tools. BT CORE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HANDLED BOWL BT TOOL MAKING EQUIPMENT NT GROOVED HAMMERSTONE SN A bowl adapted by the addition of one or more handles. The handles may be vertical or Hand Lamp horizontal loops, or straight, or may comprise USE SAUCER CANDLESTICK vertical or horizontal lugs. (Source: MPRG) SN (Source: MPRG) CL CONTAINER HAND LUGGAGE BT BOWL CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A container, capable of being carried by hand, BT BOWL often for carrying such items as clothes, keys, NT BASKET HANDLED BOWL money, etc. DOUBLE HANDLED BOWL CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES MULTI HANDLED BOWL PERSONAL ACCESSORY BT SINGLE HANDLED BOWL CL CONTAINER SOCKETED BOWL BT CONTAINER
57 BT SWORD CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT BT HARNESS FITTING HANGING BOWL UF Escutcheon HARNESS RING SN A type of bowl designed to be suspended, UF Rein Guide usually from the roof. SN A ring fixed to a vehicle through which the reins CL CONTAINER were passed. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT HANGING LAMP BT HARNESS FITTING SN A lamp designed to be hung rather than to stand. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING HARP BT LAMP UF Harp Peg Harp Tuning Peg HARBICK Pillar Harp SN A specific type of hook used in textile production, SN A stringed instrument usually with a triangular also known as a sheer board hook. Harbicks frame. were used in pairs to secure a cloth to a CL MUSIC cropping board so that the nap (of the cloth) BT PLUCKED STRING INSTRUMENT could be sheared. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Harp Peg BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT USE HARP TUNING PEG HARNESS SN Use both terms. UF Camel Harness Dog Harness Harp Tuning Peg Horse Harness USE HARP SN The arrangement of straps used to control an TUNING PEG animal and/or to attach the animal to a vehicle. SN Use both terms. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT HARPOON NT BLINKER BRIDLE SN A barbed spear head used to catch marine life, GIRTH usually has a rope or line attached to it. REIN CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE YOKE (ANIMAL) BT FISHING OBJECT Harness Bell HARROW USE CROTAL SN A frame set with teeth used to drag over ploughed fields to break down the earth clods HARNESS CLIP etc. SN A clip used to attach pieces of harness together. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT BT CULTIVATION OBJECT BT HARNESS FITTING HARVESTING AND MOWING OBJECT HARNESS FITTING SN An object used in the harvesting or mowing of UF Terret crops etc. Terret Ring CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN Metalwork attaching or attached to a harness. NT BAILER CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT REAPER NT BRIDLE FITTING REAPING HOOK HARNESS CLIP SCYTHE HARNESS HOOK SICKLE HARNESS MOUNT HASP HARNESS PENDANT HARNESS RING SN A hinged or looped clasp that fits over a staple HEADSTALL and is secured by a pin, bolt or padlock. CL UNASSIGNED HARNESS HOOK BT FASTENING SN A hook on harness to help attach items. HAT CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT BT HARNESS FITTING SN A head covering, usually with a brim. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES HARNESS MOUNT BT HEADWEAR SN Fittings for animal harness. HATCHET CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT BT HARNESS FITTING SN A small, handled axe. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HARNESS PENDANT BT AXE UF Phalera HATCHWAY COVER SN Decorative fitting hung from harness.
58 SN A water-tight cover that closes and opening in a HEAD SCARF vessel's deck used for the ingress and egress of UF Head Cloth persons and cargo. SN A cloth or scarf worn over the head as a CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS covering. BT DOOR FITTING CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT HEADWEAR HAWK BELL SN A small spherical bell for fastening onto the leg of HEADSTALL a hawk. SN The part of the bridle that fits around the horses CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT head. BT ANIMAL BELL CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT HAWKING EQUIPMENT BT HARNESS FITTING Hawk Belt Headstone USE BRAIL USE GRAVESTONE HAWK TRAP HEADSTUD BROOCH SN A device for catching eagles, falcons and UF Lamberton Moor Brooch hawks. SN A two-piece Bow Brooch, derived from the CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE Colchester Brooch, dating from the later first and BT TRAP second centuries AD and so called due to the decorative stud on the upper bow. HAWKING EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN Equipment used on a bird of prey for hawking. BT BOW BROOCH CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT NT BRAIL HEADWEAR HAWK BELL SN An object worn on the head. HOOD (HAWKING) CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES JESS BT CLOTHING VERVEL NT BONNET RT HUNTING OBJECT CAP EAR MUFF Hayfork EYE SHADE USE PITCHFORK HAIR NET HAZEL NUT HAIR PIECE HAT SN Remains of any part of a hazel (Corylus avellana HEAD BAND L.) nut. HEAD DRESS CL ECOFACTS HEAD NET BT NUT HEAD SCARF HEAD BAND HOOD (CLOTHING) KERCHIEF SN A band of cloth or other material worn around the TURBAN head, not totally covering it. VEIL CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES WIG BT HEADWEAR HEARSE Head Cloth SN A funerary vehicle used to carry a coffin from a USE HEAD SCARF church or funeral home to a cemetery. HEAD DRESS CL TRANSPORT SN Covering for the head, especially ornamental. BT MOTOR VEHICLE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Hearth BT HEADWEAR USE HEARTHSTONE HEAD NET Hearth Lining SN A fine net worn over the hair. USE HEARTHSTONE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT HEADWEAR HEARTH TILE HEAD ORNAMENT SN One of the component tiles used in the construction of a tile hearth, being the floor of, or SN Decorative ornamentation worn on the head. area in front of, a fireplace. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL ARCHITECTURE BT PERSONAL ORNAMENT BT TILE NT CIRCLET CROWN HEARTHSTONE EAR RING UF Hearth TIARA Hearth Lining SN A place on which a fire is made.
59 CL HEATING AND LIGHTING Ear Guard BT HEATING OBJECT Earguard Helm HEATING AND LIGHTING Helmet Cheekpiece SN Objects used for, or associated with, the Military Cheekpiece production of heat and light. Noseguard CL HEATING AND LIGHTING Visor NT HEATING OBJECT SN A defensive or protective covering for the head. IGNITING ACCESSORY CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS LAMP HOLDER BT ARMOUR
60 used when unshod animals were brought onto Holy Water Box metalled roads. Usually consists of flat plate, USE HOLY WATER VESSEL winged sides and hooked heel. Holy Water Pot CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT BT ANIMAL SHOE USE HOLY WATER VESSEL Hnaftafl Marker HOLY WATER SPRINKLER USE HNEFATAFL MARKER UF Asperges HNEFATAFL MARKER Aspergill SN A brush or perforated ball on a handle used to UF Hnaftafl Marker sprinkle holy water. SN A gaming piece for the Viking game of Hnefatafl. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL SPORTS AND GAMES BT GAMING PIECE Holy Water Vase HOARD USE HOLY WATER VESSEL UF Merchants Hoard HOLY WATER VESSEL Personal Hoard UF Holy Water Box SN A collection of objects deliberately grouped Holy Water Pot together and hidden. Holy Water Vase CL UNASSIGNED SN A container for holding water that has been RT COIN HOARD blessed by a priest and is used for symbolic TORC rituals of purification. HOB NAIL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL CONTAINER SN A metal stud hammered into the sole of footwear BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER to provide grip. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Hone BT FOOTWEAR COMPONENT USE WHETSTONE HOBBLE HOOD (CLOTHING) UF Pastern Trammel SN A head cover which can be attached to a piece SN A rope, clog or fetter used to limit the movement of outerwear, eg a coat, or can be separate. of animals through the tying of two or more feet CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES together. BT HEADWEAR CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT HOOD (HAWKING) HOD HILL BROOCH SN The hood used to completely cover a hawk's SN Roman, mid to late 1st century, hinged Bow head. Brooch, related to the Aucissa Brooch, with side CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT knobs on the upper bow, the curvature of which BT HAWKING EQUIPMENT is confined to the brooch's top half, the lower half being straight. Frequently tinned to give a silver HOOK appearance. SN An object which has been bent and angled from CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES which something else can be caught or BT BOW BROOCH suspended. HOE CL UNASSIGNED BT FASTENING SN A tool used for weeding and breaking up the NT LAMP HOOK ground prior to planting. WALL HOOK CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT DIGGING EQUIPMENT Hook Norton Brooch CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE USE AESICA BROOCH BT CULTIVATION OBJECT HOOKED TAG HOLDFAST SN A garment hook having a flat plate, often SN A metal fastener used to hold a tile or stone decorated, with two or more holes for attachment against a spacer and driven into a wall thus and a hooked projection. The term is often used forming a flue between the wall and the tile or for early Medieval examples. stone. Also used to hold timber together. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL UNASSIGNED BT TAG BT FASTENING HORN (MUSIC) HOLLOW BASED ARROWHEAD SN A trumpet type of instrument made from or in SN An arrowhead with its base hollowed to allow it imitation of an animal horn. to fit onto the shaft of an arrow rather than CL MUSIC having a tang that fits into the shaft. BT LIP BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS HORSE ARMOUR BT ARROWHEAD
61 SN Armour used to protect a horse. Human Skull CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS Human Tooth BT ARMOUR
62 at least as early as the Bronze Age. Metal blades INCENSE VASE have progressively replaced bone skates since RT CENSER the sixteenth century. INCENSE SHOVEL CL TRANSPORT INCENSE SPOON ICON INCENSE TONGS SN A figure, representation or image, which is itself INCENSE SHOVEL regarded as sacred. SN A small shovel used with incense. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL RT IDOL RT INCENSE HOLDER IDOL INCENSE SPOON UF Lar SN A small spoon used with incense. SN An image of a deity used as a focus for worship, CL RELIGION OR RITUAL usually used for non Christian images. RT INCENSE HOLDER CL RELIGION OR RITUAL RT ICON INCENSE TONGS IGNITING ACCESSORY SN Tongs used with incense. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN An object used in lighting a fire, lamp, oven, RT INCENSE HOLDER candle etc. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING INCENSE VASE NT FIRESTEEL SN A container for incense. IRON PYRITES CL RELIGION OR RITUAL LINSTOCK BT INCENSE HOLDER LUCIFER MATCH SPILL INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT STRIKE A LIGHT SN A by-product created through a manufacturing TAPER process. This does not include the production of TINDER BOX tools, for this use tool by product. WICK CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING IMBREX BT BY PRODUCT NT BLOOM SN A curved roofing tile. CLINKER CL ARCHITECTURE HAMMERSCALE BT ROOF TILE KILN WASTE IMPRESSED OBJECT LATHE CORE LITHARGE SN An object marked or shaped by the pressure of SLAG another object upon its surface, whether by WASTER deliberate process or unintentionally. CL UNASSIGNED INGOT NT STAMPED OBJECT SN A piece of cast metal obtained from a mould in a INCANTATION BOWL form suitable for storage. CL UNASSIGNED SN A bowl used in magical ceremonies. RT CURRENCY CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER INGOT MOULD CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A mould in which an ingot is made. INCENSE BOWL CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT MOULD UF Incense Cup SN A bowl used to contain and burn incense. INK CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A coloured fluid used for writing, drawing and BT INCENSE HOLDER printing. INCENSE BURNER CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT SN An object used to burn incense in. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL INK BOTTLE BT INCENSE HOLDER SN A container for holding ink. Incense Cup CL CONTAINER BT WRITING CONTAINER USE INCENSE BOWL CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS INCENSE HOLDER BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT SN A container for incense. Ink Case CL RELIGION OR RITUAL USE INKWELL NT INCENSE BOWL INCENSE BURNER
63 Ink Pot INTURNED DISH USE INKWELL SN A dish with straight or convex sides that turn inwards, forming an acute basal angle. (Source: Ink Sander MPRG) USE SANDSHAKER CL CONTAINER INK SPOON BT DISH CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A very small spoon used to provide liquid to mix BT DISH with ink on an ink stone. CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS INTURNED JAR BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT SN A jar with a profile that slopes inwards from base INK STAND to rim. Particularly shallow examples have been term Peat Pots; this is a term with a restricted SN A stand or tray for ink bottles and or pens distribution in northern England. (Source: MPRG) CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS CL CONTAINER BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT BT JAR INK STONE INVERTEBRATE REMAINS SN A kind of stone used in making ink. SN Remains of one of the groups of animals CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS characterized as lacking any form of backbone or BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT spinal column. INKWELL CL ECOFACTS BT ANIMAL REMAINS UF Ink Case NT ANNELID REMAINS Ink Pot ARTHROPOD REMAINS SN A pot for ink usually housed in a hole in a desk. BRYOZOAN REMAINS CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS ECHINODERM REMAINS BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT MOLLUSCA REMAINS CL CONTAINER NEMATODE REMAINS BT WRITING CONTAINER IRON PYRITES INLAY SN A nodule of iron pyrites used to create fire in SN A piece of material that has been inlaid, or combination with tinder and flint or another nodule prepared and shaped for inlaying, in an object, of iron pyrites. decorative feature or other setting. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL UNASSIGNED BT IGNITING ACCESSORY INSCRIBED OBJECT IRREGULAR CORE SN Any object which bears an inscription. SN A stone core which is irregular in shape. It can CL UNASSIGNED have numerous usuable or abandoned striking Insect platforms. It is the most common core type and it USE INSECT REMAINS is often the last attempt of a knapper to extract the final usable flakes form the core. (Source: INSECT CAGE SARC) SN A cage specifically designed to hold insects. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CL CONTAINER BT CORE BT CAGE JACK (COOKING) INSECT REMAINS SN A device for rotating a spit. UF Beetle Remains CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION Coleoptera Remains BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT Insect RT SPIT SN Use for the remains of any part of an insect. JACKET CL ECOFACTS BT ARTHROPOD REMAINS SN Outerwear covering the upperbody, including the arms. Covers to the waist. INSIGNIA CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES UF Emblem BT OUTERWEAR SN Signs or badges of office, honour, membership, JAMB occupation etc. CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS UF Door Jamb SN The vertical side of a window, archway, INTAGLIO doorway or fireplace. SN Semi precious stone or glass engraved with a CL ARCHITECTURE design and used to make an impression on wax BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT or clay. JAR CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT SEAL MATRIX SN A wide mouthed container, usually cylindrical
64 without handles. PENDANT CL CONTAINER SETTING BT CONTAINER
65 formed by alternate removal from a process Keyhole Escutcheon resembling cresting. Often one end has a USE KEYHOLE FITTING relatively unmodified section. (Source: SARC) KEYHOLE FITTING CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT CORE UF Escutcheon Keyhole Cover KEG Keyhole Escutcheon SN A small barrel. Keyhole Plate CL CONTAINER SN An object which surrounds or makes up a BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER keyhole. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS KERCHIEF RT KEY (LOCKING) SN A piece of cloth worn over the head. LOCK CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Keyhole Plate BT HEADWEAR USE KEYHOLE FITTING KETTLE KEYSTONE SN A vessel with a lid, handle and spout used particularly for boiling water. SN The top stone of an arch which holds it all in CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION place. BT COOKING VESSEL CL ARCHITECTURE CL CONTAINER BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT BT COOKING VESSEL RT ARCH VAULT SPRINGER KEY (LOCKING) VOUSSOIR SN A device for operating a lock. Kidney Dagger CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT BARREL PADLOCK KEY USE DAGGER BOX PADLOCK KEY Kiln Bar LATCHLIFTER LIFT KEY USE KILN FURNITURE PADLOCK KEY KILN FURNITURE ROTARY KEY UF Fire Bar SLIDE KEY Kiln Bar RT CHATELAINE Kiln Lining GIRDLE HANGER Kiln Packing KEY BLANK Kiln Spacer KEYHOLE FITTING Saggar LOCK SN The constituent parts of a kiln. KEY (MUSIC) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN Use type of instrument where known. Kiln Lining CL MUSIC USE KILN FURNITURE BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT Kiln Packing KEY (WINDING) USE KILN FURNITURE UF Winding Key SN A key for winding a clockwork mechanism. Kiln Spacer CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE KILN FURNITURE RT CLOCK KILN WASTE KEY BLANK SN Waste material from a kiln SN An object which is going to become a key. It has CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING the shape but has not been cut to fit a lock. BT INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT BLANK KILT NT PADLOCK KEY BLANK SN Pleated skirt, usua;;y of a tartan material, worn by RT KEY (LOCKING) men and women. KEYBOARD INSTRUMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT OUTERWEAR SN A framed instrument, in which strings are plucked or hit, operated from a keyboard. Knapping Fragment CL MUSIC USE DEBITAGE BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
66 resembling a knee. Usually used by military SN Pieces of bone used in a game, the pieces are personnel. thrown and then picked up between bounces of CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES a small ball or throws of another piece. BT BOW BROOCH CL SPORTS AND GAMES Knee Guard BT GAMING PIECE USE LEG GUARD Knuckle Bone (Remains) KNIFE USE ANIMAL REMAINS UF Backed Knife KOHL POT Knife Blade SN A container for kohl, a powder usually made of Knife Plate antimony, used as eye shadow. SN A cutting blade with handle used for food CL CONTAINER preparation and consumption. BT COSMETIC CONTAINER CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT LACE (FASTENING) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A strip of material, leather etc used to hold two BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT sides of an object together. NT CIRCUMCISION KNIFE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CURRIERS KNIFE BT CLOTHING FASTENING DISCOIDAL KNIFE RT LACE TAG FOLDING KNIFE PENKNIFE LACE (TEXTILE) PLANO CONVEX KNIFE SN A type of fabric often used to trim clothing. POLISHED KNIFE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PRUNING KNIFE BT DRESS COMPONENT SCALPEL RT TEXTILE SCUTCHING KNIFE LACE BOBBIN RT KNIFE BLANK LAUREL LEAF SN A small bobbin used in lace making. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Knife Blade BT BOBBIN USE KNIFE LACE PILLOW KNIFE BLANK SN A pillow or cushion for lace making. SN A knife prior to undergoing the processes of CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT sharpening or finishing, consisting of a single piece of metal from which the blade and tang LACE TAG have been shaped. SN The ending for a lace. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT BLANK BT TAG RT KNIFE RT LACE (FASTENING) Knife Plate LACHRYMATORY (CONTAINER) USE KNIFE SN A tear shaped container. CL CONTAINER KNIGHT JUG BT CONTAINER
67 CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT (Source: SARC) CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT BT MICROLITH Lamberton Moor Brooch LANCET USE HEADSTUD BROOCH SN A pointed two-edged surgical knife. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY LAMP BT SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SN An appliance that produces light by means of a liquid fuel and a wick. Land Snail Remains CL HEATING AND LIGHTING USE NON MARINE MOLLUSCA REMAINS BT LIGHTING OBJECT LAND VEHICLE NT COMPARTMENTED LAMP CRESSET LAMP SN Any vehicle for transportation on land. DOUBLE SHELLED LAMP CL TRANSPORT HANGING LAMP BT VEHICLE HEMISPHERICAL LAMP NT CARRIAGE PEDESTAL LAMP CART SAUCER LAMP CHARIOT SPIKE LAMP LITTER SEDAN CHAIR LAMP FILLER SLEDGE (VEHICLE) SN A small container used to fill a lamp with fuel. WAGON CL HEATING AND LIGHTING Landing Net BT LIGHTING OBJECT USE FISHING NET LAMP FITTING LANGTON DOWN BROOCH SN An attachment to a lamp. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A two-piece Bow Brooch dating from the early to BT LIGHTING OBJECT mid-first century AD in Britain, originating in Gaul. Featuring a wide flat reeded bow, this and the LAMP HANGER Thistle Brroch were the first to conceal the spring SN The support from which a lamp was hung. mechanism with a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical CL HEATING AND LIGHTING hood. BT LIGHTING OBJECT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT BOW BROOCH LAMP HOLDER RT THISTLE BROOCH SN A device for holding a lamp in a fixed position. LANTERN These could take many forms from a simple bracket fixed to a wall to an onrate candelabra. SN An object which encloses a light source but CL HEATING AND LIGHTING allows light out through holes, glass etc. NT LAMP STAND CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT LIGHTING OBJECT LAMP HOOK LAP DESK SN A hook from which a lamp could be hung. CL UNASSIGNED UF Writing Box BT HOOK Writing Cabinet SN A portable writing-case or surface, especially LAMP STAND one for use on the lap. May contain SN A tall, thin pillar of wood, stone or metal on which compartments for storing writing materials and a lamp could be fixed. paper. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS BT LAMP HOLDER BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT LANCE CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BT FURNITURE UF Lancehead RT DESK SN A long spear used on horseback. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE LAPEL STUD BT SPEAR SN A small pin or stud worn in the lapel, often CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS decorative. BT SPEAR CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Lancehead BT STUD FASTENER USE LANCE Lar LANCEOLATE MICROLITH USE IDOL SN A microlith retouched to a point, usually with Lariat oblique retouch. They are synonymous with USE LASSO 'obliquely blunted points' of the English Mesolithic.
68 LASSO SN A leaf or diamond-shaped arrowhead with UF Lariat shallow retouching at the edges. SN A long rope with a noose at one end for catching CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS animals. BT ARROWHEAD CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE RT LAUREL LEAF BT HUNTING OBJECT LEASH LAST SN A rope, cord etc used to hold or secure animals. SN A mould which is used to provide the shape of a CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT piece of footwear. LEATHER STAMP CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT MOULDING EQUIPMENT SN An engraved object which when struck imparts the image engraved onto the leather. LATCH CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UF Latch Catch BT MARKING EQUIPMENT Latch Rest Ledger Stone SN A small bar raised or lowered by a latchlifter which is used to fasten gates or doors etc. USE GRAVESTONE CL UNASSIGNED LEG GUARD BT FASTENING UF Ankle Guard Latch Catch Greave USE LATCH Knee Guard Shin Guard Latch Rest SN Armour designed to protect the leg or parts of the USE LATCH leg. For specific foot protection use FOOT GUARD LATCHLIFTER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A shaped rod which passed through a hole in the BT ARMOUR
69 LIBATION TABLE CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT CORE SN An object used to hold offerings to a deity. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL LEVALLOIS FLAKE BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT UF Levallois Point SN A flake produced from a carefully prepared core. LIBATION TANK CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING SN A container to hold a liquid in honour of a deity. BT DEBITAGE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL RT FLAKE BT LIBATION CONTAINER CL CONTAINER Levallois Point BT LIBATION CONTAINER USE LEVALLOIS FLAKE LIBATION VASE LEVEL SN A container to hold and or pour a liquid in honour SN An instrument for establishing the horizontal line of a deity. of sight and used in surveying. It usually has an CL RELIGION OR RITUAL eyepiece and an air bubble in a glass tube or BT LIBATION CONTAINER dome. CL CONTAINER CL MEASUREMENT BT LIBATION CONTAINER LEVER LID SN A bar used to increase the force being brought to UF Pot Lid bear in order to move an object. Vessel Lid CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A cover for an object, usually designed to fit the LIBATION BOWL object. CL UNASSIGNED SN A container used to hold and or pour a liquid in NT COLLARED LID honour of a deity. COMPLEX LID CL CONTAINER CONICAL LID BT LIBATION CONTAINER DISH LID CL RELIGION OR RITUAL DOMED LID BT LIBATION CONTAINER FLANGED LID NT PATERA FLAT LID LIBATION CONTAINER FLAT TOPPED LID SAUCER SHAPED LID SN A container used to hold and or pour out liquid in honour of a deity. LIFT KEY CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN Usually a L or T-shaped tumbler lock key which BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT allowed the bolt to be pulled across by a cord. CL CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER BT KEY (LOCKING) NT LIBATION BOWL LIBATION CUP LIGHT FITTING LIBATION JUG SN An object which does not provide light but LIBATION TANK supports or is attached to lighting equipment. LIBATION VASE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS LIBATION CUP LIGHTER SN A container used to hold and or pour a liquid in SN Portable device that generate stable and honour of a deity. consistent flame by combining flammable liquids CL CONTAINER or pressurised gases with a spark. BT LIBATION CONTAINER CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT LIBATION CONTAINER Lighthouse Jug USE CONICAL JUG LIBATION JUG SN A container used to hold and or pour a liquid in LIGHTING OBJECT honour of a deity. SN An object used in the lighting of an area. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT LIBATION CONTAINER NT CANDLE CL CONTAINER CANDLE HOLDER BT LIBATION CONTAINER CANDLE SNUFFER LAMP LIBATION LADLE LAMP FILLER SN A utensil used to pour a liquid in honour of a LAMP FITTING deity. LAMP HANGER CL RELIGION OR RITUAL LANTERN BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT RUSH LIGHT
70 Ligula NT GILL USE COSMETIC SPOON QUART LIMPET SCOOP LITHARGE SN An object assumed to be to pick limpets out of SN A residue, primarily lead oxide, formed during their shells. refining silver CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT BT INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT LINCH PIN LITHIC IMPLEMENT UF Lynch Pin UF Flint Implement SN An object which perforated the axle cap, passing SN Knapped or ground stone/flint tool where the through the axle and so keeping the wheel in specific type is unknown. Use more specific type place. Usually made of metal, though can be where known. made of wood or antler. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TRANSPORT NT CORE AXEHEAD BT VEHICLE COMPONENT FLAKED AXEHEAD MICROLITH LINE SINKER SCRAPER (TOOL) SN A weight attached to a fishing line in order to help LITTER it sink towards the bottom. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN A vehicle containing a couch shut in by curtains BT SINKER and carried by men or beasts of burden. CL TRANSPORT Linen Armour BT LAND VEHICLE USE GAMBESON Lituus LINEN SMOOTHER USE TRUMPET SN A flattened glass sphere used to give linen a LIVERY COLLAR gloss. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UF Chain Of Office BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT SN A heavy chain, usually of gold, worn as insignia of office or a mark of fealty or other association LINKED PIN from the Middle Ages onwards. SN A set of two or more pins joined together by a CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES chain. BT NECKLACE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES LOBED BOWL BT DRESS PIN SN A bowl comprising three or more equally spaced LINSTOCK lobes. There may be one or more moulded SN A staff with a fork at one end which would be animals or other figures inside the base and two used to hold a lighted slow match which was or more handles. (Source: MPRG) used to fire a canon. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT BOWL BT IGNITING ACCESSORY CL CONTAINER LINTEL BT BOWL SN A horizontal beam over an opening to support a LOBED CUP wall. SN A vessel composed of three or more equally CL ARCHITECTURE spaced lobes and usually, a waisted or pedestal BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT base. The handles are vertical loops, generally of LIP BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT strap form. There may be two opposed handles, or one per lobe junction. (Source: MPRG) SN An instrument in which air is made to vibrate by CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION the player vibrating their lips and blowing into a BT CUP mouthpiece. CL CONTAINER CL MUSIC BT CUP BT WIND INSTRUMENT NT CARNYX LOBED DISH HORN (MUSIC) SN A dish comprising three or more lobes, usually HUNTING HORN equally spaced. There may be one or more animal TRUMPET or other figures inside the base and two or more LIQUID MEASURE handles. (Source: MPRG) CL CONTAINER SN A container used to measure liquids. BT DISH CL MEASUREMENT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT MEASURING VESSEL BT DISH CL CONTAINER BT MEASURING VESSEL
71 LOCK SN A boat fashioned out of a section of tree trunk. UF Lock Bar CL TRANSPORT Lock Bolt BT BOAT Lock Bolt Spring Loin Band Lock Housing Lock Plate USE LOINCLOTH Lock Spring LOINCLOTH Lock Tumbler SN A security device attached to objects. UF Breech Cloth CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Loin Band BT LOCKING MECHANISM SN A piece of cloth worn around the loins. NT PADLOCK CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES RT KEY (LOCKING) BT OUTERWEAR KEYHOLE FITTING LONG BROOCH LATCHLIFTER SN An Anglo-Saxon brooch type dating from the 5th Lock Bar to 7th centuries AD and influenced by the USE LOCK Crossbow brooch, featuring a sprung pin and a head plate. Lock Bolt CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES USE LOCK BT BROOCH NT CRUCIFORM BROOCH Lock Bolt Spring SMALL LONG BROOCH USE LOCK SQUARE HEADED BROOCH Lock Housing LONGARM USE LOCK SN A hand held long barrelled gun. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS Lock Plate BT FIREARM USE LOCK NT MACHINE GUN Lock Spring MUSKET RIFLE USE LOCK SHOTGUN Lock Tumbler LONGBOW USE LOCK SN A large, powerful, hand-drawn bow, usually 6 ft LOCKET (1.8m) in length and traditionally made of wood. SN A small ornamental case, usually on a necklace CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS or chain, that holds a picture, keepsake etc. BT BOW (WEAPON) CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE BT JEWELLERY BT BOW (WEAPON) LOCKING LID LOOM SN A type of flanged lid where the lower flange is UF Heddle Cradle partly cut away to leave two projections or lugs, Warping Frame which can be fitted into corresponding cut-outs in SN An apparatus worked by hand or mechanically the rim of the vessel beneath and secure the lid for weaving yarn into textile. when it is rotated. (Source: MPRG) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL UNASSIGNED BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT BT FLANGED LID LOOMWEIGHT LOCKING MECHANISM SN Weights used on a type of vertical loom to hold SN A device used to lock another object. the warp threads taut. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT BOLT (FASTENING) BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT LOCK Loop Headed Spike LOESS USE STAPLE UF Brickearth LOOPED PALSTAVE SN Wind-blown silt. SN Metal shaped blade that flares out to a curved CL ECOFACTS cutting edge, with a side loop to further assist BT AEOLIAN DEPOSIT hafting. LOG CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN An unhewn piece of felled tree, or similar rough BT PALSTAVE mass of wood. LOOPED SPEARHEAD CL UNASSIGNED SN Type of leaf-shaped socketed spearhead with LOGBOAT two small holes or loops on either side at the
72 base of the blade. Possibly meant to assist in LYRE securing the metal spearhead to the wooden UF Cithara shaft, or to tie streamers of some kind to the top Frame Harp of the spear. SN A plucked string instrument in which the strings CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS pass over the soundbox and parallel to the sides BT SPEARHEAD of the instrument. CL MUSIC LORRY BT PLUCKED STRING INSTRUMENT UF Truck SN A motor vehicle designed to transport cargo. MACE CL TRANSPORT UF Macehead BT MOTOR VEHICLE SN A stone or metal head on a wooden shaft. Where the use is thought to be ceremonial multiple index LOUVRE with ceremonial object. UF Roof Louver CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS Roof Louvre BT PERCUSSIVE WEAPON SN A fitting incorporating a series of overlapping NT CUSHIONED MACE flaps providing ventilation or transmission of PEBBLE MACE sound. CL ARCHITECTURE Macehead BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT USE MACE LUCIFER MATCH MACHETE SN A early match made of a piece of wood and an SN A heavy bladed knife. inflammable substance, lit by friction between the CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT inflammable substance and a rough surface. BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT CL HEATING AND LIGHTING MACHINE GUN BT IGNITING ACCESSORY SN A fully automatic mounted or portable firearm, LUG (HANDLE) usually designed to fire bullets in quick SN A projection which can be used to lift or suspend succession from an ammunition belt or magazine. an object, often used as a handle. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL UNASSIGNED BT LONGARM LUG (POLE) MAIL ARMOUR SN A rod used to measure the imperial UF Chain Mail measurements of a pole or a perch. SN Armour made up of interlaced metal rings. CL MEASUREMENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT ARMOUR
73 CL MUSIC RT ESTUARINE DEPOSIT BT PLUCKED STRING INSTRUMENT MARINE MOLLUSCA REMAINS MANICURE IMPLEMENT SN Molluscs found in salt or brackish water. Use SN An item used as part of a manicure. more specific term where known. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL ECOFACTS BT PERSONAL GROOMING AND HYGIENE ITEM BT MOLLUSCA REMAINS NT MANICURE SET NT MUSSEL SHELL NAIL CLEANER OYSTER SHELL NAIL CLIPPER MARKING EQUIPMENT NAIL FILE SN Equipment used to create a mark, image or MANICURE SET character in an object. UF Toilet Set CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN An associated group of manicure implements. NT BRANDING IRON CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BURIN BT MANICURE IMPLEMENT ENGRAVING TOOL ETCHING TOOL MANTLE GRAVER SN A loose cloak. LEATHER STAMP CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES MARKING TOOL BT CLOAK PUNCH MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING SCRIBER SEAL MATRIX SN Objects used in, or which are created as part of, a manufacturing or production process, including MARKING TOOL the by-products of such processes. This does SN A tool used to impart an image, impression or not include finished items, these will appear in mark onto a surface. other appropriate classes. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT MARKING EQUIPMENT NT BAR IRON NT EMBOSSING STAMP BLANK SCORER BY PRODUCT MARLIN SPIKE MILLEFIORI CANE MOOD SN A spike for separating the strands of a rope. OSEMUND CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PATTERN BT PIERCING EQUIPMENT PROTOTYPE MARRIAGE BOWL ROUGHOUT TEMPLATE SN A bowl used in the marriage ceremony. TRIAL PIECE CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER MANUFACTURING DEBRIS CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN The remains of a manufacturing process. BT MARRIAGE OBJECT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING MARRIAGE OBJECT BT BY PRODUCT NT BONE WORKING DEBRIS SN Objects concerned with marriage and weddings. CASTING WASTE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL GLASS WORKING DEBRIS NT BRIDAL HEADDRESS METAL WORKING DEBRIS DOWRY BOX SHOE MAKING WASTE MARRIAGE BOWL WOOD WORKING WASTE MARRIAGE RING MANUSCRIPT MARRIAGE RING SN A document or book written by hand. UF Wedding Ring CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS SN A ring used in the marriage ceremony. BT WRITTEN ITEM CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT MARRIAGE OBJECT MARBLE MARTINGALE SN A small ball, usually of glass or porcelain, used in games. SN A strap from the reins to the girth of a horse, CL SPORTS AND GAMES preventing it from raising its head too high. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT MARINE DEPOSIT BT BRIDLE FITTING SN Use for deposits formed by the action of the sea MARVER or under marine conditions. CL ECOFACTS SN In the glass industry, a flat block of stone (idealy BT DEPOSIT marble), cast iron, or a ceramic material, on which cylinder glass is flattened. Medieval and
74 Post Medieval. MILESTONE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PENDULUM RULE MASHER SHIPS LOG SN A hand held device for mashing food, usually SOUNDING LEAD with a flat holed base attached to a handle. SURVEYING STAFF CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION TALLY BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT THERMOMETER MASK TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT WEATHER VANE SN An object worn, or carried, to cover the face. WEIGHT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES RT CURRENCY BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY MEASURING ROD MATCHLOCK MUSKET SN A measuring rule not graduated in feet. SN A musket fired by a piece of burning match being CL MEASUREMENT held in the lock which, when the trigger was BT RULE pulled, would contact with powder in the pan to set off the charge. MEASURING VESSEL CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A container which holds a set quantity of a BT MUSKET substance, can be graduated to show quantities. MATTOCK CL MEASUREMENT CL CONTAINER SN A tool used for digging where the blade is at right BT CONTAINER
75 SN an instrument or tool used for medical purposes. METHER CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY SN A square, wooden drinking vessel. NT COSMETIC SPOON CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CUPPING VESSEL BT DRINKING VESSEL FLEAM CL CONTAINER SURGICAL INSTRUMENT BT DRINKING VESSEL SYRINGE MICROBURIN MEDICAL PLATE SN A by-product of the production of microliths. SN A vessel used for medical purposes. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY BT TOOL BY PRODUCT MEDICINE AND PHARMACY MICRODENTICULATE SN Objects used for the preparation of medicines or SN A small flake or blade with a series of notches the diagnosis and treatment of ill health or along the edge. disease. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY BT DENTICULATE NT APOTHECARY LADLE Microfauna Remains BANDAGE CAPSULE USE SMALL MAMMAL REMAINS CATHETER Microfossil CIRCUMCISION EQUIPMENT CRUTCH USE DIATOMS DENTAL IMPLEMENT DINOFLAGELLATES EAR PLUG FORAMINIFERA EYE BATH PARASITE REMAINS LENS TESTATE AMOEBAE MEDICAL CONTAINER MICROLITH MEDICAL IMPLEMENT SN A very small flint or other stone tool. MEDICAL PLATE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MEDICINE BOTTLE BT LITHIC IMPLEMENT SN A bottle used for the storage of medicine. NT LANCEOLATE MICROLITH CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY LUNATE MICROLITH BT MEDICAL CONTAINER RECTANGLE MICROLITH CL CONTAINER RHOMBOID MICROLITH BT MEDICAL CONTAINER TRAPEZE MICROLITH TRIANGULAR MICROLITH MELON BEAD MICROSCOPE SN A melon shaped bead. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN An instrument using lenses to magnify the object BT BEAD being viewed. CL MEASUREMENT Memorial Brass MILESTONE USE BRASS SN An object used to mark each mile and to indicate Memorial Effigy distances to locations. USE EFFIGY CL MEASUREMENT Memorial Stone Military Cheekpiece USE COMMEMORATIVE STONE USE HELMET Memorial Tablet MILITARY EQUIPMENT USE PLAQUE SN Use for items of personal equipment used in a military context, eg AMMUNITION POUCH, PRIMING Merchants Hoard FLASK. USE HOARD CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MERCURY JAR NT AMMUNITION POUCH PARACHUTE SN A specific type of small rounded jar. (Source: PRIMING FLASK MPRG) CL CONTAINER MILITARY STANDARD BT ROUNDED JAR SN A flag or military symbolic representation on a pole. METAL WORKING DEBRIS CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS SN The debris resulting from metal working processes. MILK BOTTLE CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING SN A bottle for the storage and transportation of milk. BT MANUFACTURING DEBRIS CL CONTAINER
76 BT BOTTLE MINERS CAGE MILK CHURN SN An enclosed cage used in a mine shaft to SN A large container for milk. transport miners from the surface to the mine CL CONTAINER workings. BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER CL TRANSPORT Milking Can MINIATURE OBJECT USE MILKING VESSEL SN A deliberate miniaturised replica of an object. Milking Jug CL UNASSIGNED USE MILKING VESSEL MIRROR Milking Pail SN A polished reflective surface. USE MILKING VESSEL CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BT FURNITURE Milking Pot RT HAND MIRROR USE MILKING VESSEL MIRROR CASE MILKING VESSEL MIRROR CASE UF Milking Can SN A case which holds and protects a mirror. Milking Jug CL CONTAINER Milking Pail BT CONTAINER
77 CL CONTAINER BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION BT SECURE STORAGE CONTAINER CONTAINER MONSTRANCE MOSAIC SN A vessel to contain the wafers used in the SN A floor composed of small cubes (tesserae) of Eucharist. variously coloured materials (eg tile, stone, CL CONTAINER marble). In the Roman period, mosaics often BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER depict a religious theme or symbol. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL ARCHITECTURE RT TESSERA Monumental Brass MOSS USE BRASS SN A simple type of plant. For most of their lifecycle Monumental Cross they exist as haploids (i.e. only one set of genes USE CROSS as opposed to two). Most have clearly MOOD differentiated stems and leaves. CL ECOFACTS SN A blank for a knife that has not been hammered BT PLANT MACRO REMAINS out. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING Motif Piece MOONDIAL USE TRIAL PIECE SN A dial for showing the hours of the night by the MOTOR VEHICLE moon. UF Road Vehicle CL MEASUREMENT SN A self-propelled wheeled vehicle that does not BT TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT operate on rails, such as trains or trolleys. MORSE CL TRANSPORT BT VEHICLE SN A clasp on a cope. NT BUS CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CAR BT CLOTHING FASTENING HEARSE MORTAR (VESSEL) LORRY MOTORCYCLE SN A mixing or grinding vessel. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION MOTORCYCLE BT FOOD PREPARATION CONTAINER SN A two or three wheeled motor vehicle. CL CONTAINER CL TRANSPORT BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION BT MOTOR VEHICLE CONTAINER RT COSMETIC MORTAR MOULD PESTLE SN A pattern used to create a consistent shape for MORTAR (WEAPON) an object, often hollow and reusable. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A gun designed to fire shells, etc at a high angle. BT MOULDING EQUIPMENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS NT AXE MOULD BT PROJECTILE WEAPON BULLET MOULD NT PROVING MORTAR COIN MOULD MORTAR BOMB INGOT MOULD PARGETTING MOULD SN A muzzle loaded explosive projectile fired from a SWORD MOULD mortar. Typically they are short range and low velocity with a high arcing trajectory. MOULDING CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS UF Cyma BT AMMUNITION Epicranitis MORTAR STONE Sima SN An ornamental decoration which projects from SN Large granite stone used as the base stone of a the surface it is part of. stamping mill against which ore was crushed. CL ARCHITECTURE Contains distinctive striations from the crushing BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT process. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MOULDING CHISEL BT PRESSING AND CRUSHING EQUIPMENT SN A specially designed chisel for producing MORTARIUM ornamental mouldings. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A Roman mixing vessel with a gritted inner BT CHISEL surface. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION MOULDING EQUIPMENT BT FOOD PREPARATION CONTAINER SN Equipment used to create objects through the use CL CONTAINER of a pattern or matrix which shapes the object.
78 MULTIPLE BOWL CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT CAST UF Condiment Bowl COIN DIE SN A vessel comprising of two or more bowls, DIE STAMP generally of small size, joined together. There LAST may be one or more handles of varying forms. MOULD (Source: MPRG) MOULDSTONE CL CONTAINER BT BOWL MOULDSTONE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A stone with a rectangular depression into which BT BOWL molten metal, usually tin, was poured to create ingots. MULTIPLE DISH CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UF Condiment Dish BT MOULDING EQUIPMENT SN A vessel comprising two or more dishes, generally of small size, joined together. There MOUNT may be one or more handles of varying forms. SN A object fitted to an item or garment for the (Source: MPRG) purpose of display or decoration. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL UNASSIGNED BT DISH Mouthpiece CL CONTAINER BT DISH USE WIND INSTRUMENT MULTIPLE PLATFORM CORE MUFF SN A core with more than two distinct platforms SN A cylinder of fur or cloth into which the hands usually including one or two striking surfaces and are placed to keep warm. the the traces of former platforms. Usually CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES restricted to flake production. (Source: SARC) BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING MUG BT CORE SN A drinking vessel with a handle. Mural CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION USE WALL PAINTING BT DRINKING VESSEL CL CONTAINER MUSIC BT CONTAINER 79 PRODUCTION> WINDCHEST NT DRUM RT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT ROMMELPOT MUSKET TAMBOURINE SN A heavy, smooth bore, long barrelled weapon, MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 80 NEEDLE HOLDER Namestone UF Needle Case USE GRAVESTONE SN A container in which needles are held. NAUHEIM DERIVATE BROOCH CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER 81 BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER SN A bowl in which an offering is made. CL CONTAINER Noseguard BT OFFERING VESSEL USE HELMET OFFERING DISH NOTCH SN A dish in which an offering is made. SN A side scraper with a short concavity retouched CL CONTAINER into an edge. This may be achieved by a single BT OFFERING VESSEL blow. (Source: SARC) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT OFFERING JAR BT SIDE SCRAPER SN A jar that contains an offering. CL CONTAINER NOZZLE BT OFFERING VESSEL SN A pointed spout attachment. CL UNASSIGNED OFFERING PLATE SN A plate on which an offering is made. NUT CL CONTAINER SN Remains of any part of a nut including the BT OFFERING VESSEL nutshell. The definition of nut as used here is any woody fruit or seed. OFFERING TRAY CL ECOFACTS SN A tray on which an offering is made. BT PLANT MACRO REMAINS CL CONTAINER NT HAZEL NUT BT OFFERING VESSEL NUT (FASTENING) OFFERING VESSEL SN A piece of metal or wood with a hole through SN A container used to hold an offering. which a bolt can be screwed. CL CONTAINER CL UNASSIGNED BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER BT FASTENING NT OFFERING BOWL NUT CRACKERS OFFERING DISH OFFERING JAR SN An instrument for breaking open hard shelled OFFERING PLATE nuts. OFFERING TRAY CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT OGHAM STONE SN A stone inscribed or marked with ogham letters OAKUM used for a memorial SN Loose fibres obtained by unpicking old ropes. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Mainly used to caulk seams in wooden vessels. CL UNASSIGNED OINTMENT JAR RT ROPE SN A jar for the storage of ointment. CL CONTAINER OAR BT MEDICAL CONTAINER SN A pole with a blade used for rowing or steering a CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY boat by leverage against the water. BT MEDICAL CONTAINER CL TRANSPORT BT WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT OPIUM PIPE SN A pipe designed for smoking opium. OCTANT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN An astonomical instrument, and navigational aid, BT PIPE (SMOKING) in the form of one eighth of a circle and used to measure the angular altitude of heavenly bodies. ORACLE BONE Invented in 1731 and used into the 19th Century, UF Divination Bone it was superceded by the sextant. SN A piece of bone used for divination. CL MEASUREMENT CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENT BT DIVINATIONAL OBJECT OCULISTS STAMP ORGAN SN A stamp, made of clay or stone, used to mark UF Organ Pipe bars of eye ointment. Organetto CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Pipe (Music) BT SEAL MATRIX Portative Organ Regal OFFCUT SN An instrument with a series of pipes at different SN An object that has been cut off. pitches, the air being produced by bellows, and CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING pipes selected by keyboard or sliders. BT BY PRODUCT CL MUSIC OFFERING BOWL BT EDGE BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT RT TAMPION 82 SMOCK Organ Pipe TOBE USE ORGAN TROUSERS Organetto TUNIC WRAP USE ORGAN OVEN ORGANIC MATERIAL UF Oven Clay UF Black Earth Oven Furniture Dark Earth SN A chamber for heating or baking objects. Organic Sediment CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN Material derived from living things. Use more BT HEATING OBJECT specific term where known. CL ECOFACTS Oven Clay NT RESIDUE USE OVEN Organic Sediment Oven Furniture USE DEPOSIT USE OVEN ORGANIC MATERIAL Ox Goad OSEMUND USE GOAD SN Low-grade cast iron in the form of balls or spheres, produced in small workshops and OX SHOE exported across the North Sea and Baltic region. SN A perforated strip of metal for shoeing the Particularly associated with 16th century bifurcated hoof of an ox. Sweden. Also spelt "oszemundt" and other CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT variants. BT ANIMAL SHOE CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING OYSTER SHELL RT BAR IRON SN The remains of the shell of an oyster. OSSUARY CL ECOFACTS SN An object that contains bones. Use a monuments BT MARINE MOLLUSCA REMAINS thesaurus where this is a site type. PADDLE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT SN A short, broad bladed oar used without a rowlock. OSTRACOD REMAINS CL TRANSPORT SN Small crustaceans ranging in size from 0.2mm to BT WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT 30mm and possessing a bivalve carapace or PADLOCK 'shell'. CL ECOFACTS UF Padlock Bolt BT CRUSTACEAN REMAINS Padlock Spring Padlock Tube OUTERWEAR SN A detachable lock with hinged loop used for SN Clothes worn so that they are visible, usually but attachment operated by a key. not always worn over other clothes. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT LOCK BT CLOTHING NT BARREL PADLOCK NT APRON Padlock Bolt BIB BLOUSE USE PADLOCK BREECHES PADLOCK KEY CLOAK COAT SN A key for a padlock. CODPIECE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT DRESS BT KEY (LOCKING) GAITER PADLOCK KEY BLANK JACKET SN An object that is to become a padlock key. It has JERKIN the correct shape but has yet to be cut to fit the JUMPER lock. KILT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING LEGGING BT KEY BLANK LOINCLOTH PENIS SHEATH Padlock Spring ROBE USE PADLOCK SHAWL SHIFT Padlock Tube SHIRT USE PADLOCK SKIRT 83 PAGE HOLDER BT DRINKING VESSEL SN A clip for marking or holding down pages in a CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION book. BT DRINKING VESSEL CL UNASSIGNED Palstaff Pail USE PALSTAVE USE BUCKET PALSTAVE PAINT BRUSH UF Palstaff SN A bronze axehead of middle or late Bronze Age SN A brush for applying paint. date in which the side flanges and the bar/stop CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT on both faces are connected, forming a single BT BRUSH hafting aid. For palstaves with side loops use CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS looped palstave. BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PAINTED GLASS (WINDOW) BT AXEHEAD SN Glass which has been coloured and decorated NT LOOPED PALSTAVE by painting. PAN CL ARCHITECTURE SN A broad container, usually used for cooking. BT WINDOW GLASS CL CONTAINER Palaeosol BT COOKING VESSEL USE PALEOSOL CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT COOKING VESSEL PALEOSOL PAN PIPE UF Buried Soil Palaeosol UF Syrinx SN A soil, which may be buried or exposed, that has SN An instrument composed of several pipes in developed in a past landscape. which air is made to vibrate by blowing across CL ECOFACTS the top edge. BT DEPOSIT CL MUSIC BT EDGE BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT PALETTE (ARMOUR) PANCHEON SN A piece of armour used to protect the armpit. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A large shallow bowl for letting liquids stand. BT ARMOUR 84 together; invented by the Norwegian Johann SN A container, usually square or rectangular, used Vaaler in 1899. The familiar double-oval 'Gem' in metal processing for separating metals one clip was developed by Gem Manufacturing Ltd. in from another, usually silver from gold. England the same year. CL CONTAINER CL UNASSIGNED BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER BT FASTENING Pastern Trammel RT PAPER USE HOBBLE PAPYRUS PATEN SN A writing material prepared from the pithy stem of an aquatic plant. SN A plate used in the Eucharist. CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT WRITTEN ITEM BT EUCHARIST OBJECT PARACHUTE PATERA SN A device used to slow the fall of a person or an UF Phiale object from a great height. When open it consists SN A shallow ceramic or metal libation bowl, usually of a large umberella like sheet with wires or with no handles or feet. The Greeks called it a ropes converging from the edge to a harness phiale, the Romans a patera. Used in religious attached to the lower end. practice. Could contain mixed wine and water but CL MEASUREMENT also unmixed wine, honey, oil, water, or milk. BT ABACUS CL CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT LIBATION BOWL BT SPORTING EQUIPMENT CL RELIGION OR RITUAL MILITARY EQUIPMENT BT LIBATION BOWL PARADE ARMOUR PATTEN SN Decorative armour used for parades and display, SN An overshoe with a thick sole or set on an iron not for combat. ring to raise the wearer's foot out of the mud and CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS so protect normal shoes. BT ARMOUR 85 BT MEASURING VESSEL Peg Arm USE STRING INSTRUMENT PECTORAL PEG TILE SN Breast ornament CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN Plain clay tile suspended, loose, from the top BT JEWELLERY edge of a tiling lath or batten so as to overlap two courses below. It is held in place by a small PEDAL (MUSIC) wooden peg wedged into, or passed through, SN A part of a musical instrument played by the feet. one (or sometimes both) of two holes in the head CL MUSIC of the tile. BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT CL ARCHITECTURE PEDESTAL BEAKER BT ROOF TILE UF Stemmed Beaker PEGAU Stemmed Goblet SN A specific form of rounded jug with a wide SN A beaker adapted by having a pedestal base. The mouth, a large parrot-beak spout and three upper part of the pedestal is solid and may be handles in the form of wide straps that spring thrown as an integral part of the vessel, or added from the rim to the girth.The spout may have a lug as a separate element.(Source: MPRG) applied to the outside. (Source: MPRG) CL CONTAINER CL CONTAINER BT BEAKER BT ROUNDED JUG CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT BEAKER BT ROUNDED JUG PEDESTAL BOWL Pellet Bell UF Standfussschale USE CROTAL SN A bowl adapted by having a pedestal base. PEN (Source: MPRG) CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN An instrument for writing or drawing with ink. BT BOWL CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS CL CONTAINER BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT BT BOWL PENANNULAR BROOCH PEDESTAL CUP SN A circular or sub circular brooch with an SN A cup adapted by the addition of a pedestal base. attached pin. There is a gap in the circular part of (Source: MPRG) the brooch. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT CUP BT BROOCH CL CONTAINER PENANNULAR RING BT CUP SN A ring with separated, often ornamented, PEDESTAL DISH terminals. SN A dish adapted by the addition of a pedestal CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES base. (Source: MPRG) BT JEWELLERY CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION PENCIL BT DISH CL CONTAINER UF Slate Pencil BT DISH SN An instrument for writing or drawing, which usually consists of a thin rod of graphite PEDESTAL LAMP surrounded by a wooden cylinder. SN A small bowl on a pedestal base, which may be CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS solid or at least partly hollow. It may have a wick BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT lip at the rim or a lug handle. (Source: MPRG) PENDANT CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT LAMP UF Bulla (Pendant) Halberd Pendant PEELER Ring Pendant SN A device with a handle and cutting edge to help SN A supended ornament. remove skin from vegetables and fruit. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT JEWELLERY BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT NT BRACTEATE PEG PENDULUM UF Dowel SN A body suspended so as to be free to swing, SN A wood or metal dowel for joining objects especially one regulating the work of a clock. together eg for securing roofing slates. CL MEASUREMENT CL UNASSIGNED PENIS SHEATH BT FASTENING SN An opaque, rigid sheath used to cover the penis. 86 Not usually contraceptive and not for obvious PARASOL visual display. PIPE (SMOKING) CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PIPE CLEANER BT OUTERWEAR PIPE TAMPER SPECTACLES (HUMAN) PENKNIFE STAFF SN A small, sharp bladed knife for sharpening pens, TOBACCO POUCH originally sheathed, now the blades fold. TOILET ARTICLE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UMBRELLA BT KNIFE WALKING STICK Pentatych WATCH USE WRITING TABLET PERSONAL GROOMING AND HYGIENE ITEM PERCUSSIVE WEAPON SN An item used in caring for the body for appearance and cleanliness. SN A weapon, usually blunt, used to strike an CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES opponent. BT TOILET ARTICLE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS NT HAIR CARE EQUIPMENT BT WEAPON MANICURE IMPLEMENT NT CLUB SHAVING ITEM MACE TWEEZERS QUARTERSTAFF WASHING AND CLEANSING ITEM WAR HAMMER Personal Hoard PERFORATED DISC USE HOARD SN A disc >4mm with a central perforation. CL UNASSIGNED PERSONAL HYGIENE CONTAINER BT PERFORATED OBJECT SN This includes cosmetic containers. PERFORATED OBJECT CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER 87 SN A tool for pounding or grinding. SN Equipment used to pierce or puncture other CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE objects through the use of a point. BT GRINDING EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT AWL BT GRINDING EQUIPMENT BODKIN RT COSMETIC PESTLE BRADAWL MORTAR (VESSEL) MARLIN SPIKE NEEDLE Petit Tranchet Arrowhead POINT USE TRANSVERSE ARROWHEAD SYRINGE PETROGLYPH PIGMENT CONTAINER SN A rock carving, especially a prehistoric one. SN A container used to hold substances for dying or CL UNASSIGNED painting. PEW CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER 88 SN A bag stuffed with soft material used to support WATER PIPE (SMOKING) the head whilst sleeping. RT CASE (PIPE) CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE PIPE RACK BT BEDDING PIPE TAMPER Pilum PIPE CLEANER USE JAVELIN SN An object for cleaning a pipe used for smoking. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PIN BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY SN A small piece of metal or other material used to hold objects together. Pipe Holder CL UNASSIGNED USE PIPE RACK BT FASTENING PIPE RACK NT SPLIT PIN UF Pipe Holder Pin Beater SN A rack to hold smoking pipes. USE WEFT BEATER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT RT PIPE (SMOKING) PIN CUSHION SN A small cushion into which pins are pushed for PIPE TAMPER storage. SN An instrument used to compress a substance into CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT a smoking pipe. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PINCERS BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY SN A tool for gripping with, often used to pinch RT PIPE (SMOKING) objects together. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PIPKIN BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT SN A jar adapted by the addition of one straight handle, attached to either rim or body, and usually PINNERS BONE with a lip at right angles to the handle. The body SN A piece of animal bone roughly shaped with is generally rounded, with a short neck and an grooves in which pins are laid and held whilst everted rim. (Source: MPRG) being sharpened. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT FOOD PREPARATION CONTAINER BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT CL CONTAINER PINTLE BT CONTAINER 89 SN A long handled fork with two or three long SN Armour formed from thin pieces of metal fastened curved tines for tossing straw or hay. together or on leather or some strong woven CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE material. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT ARMOUR 90 NT GUITAR a battleaxe by the length of the shaft. HARP CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS LUTE BT AXE (WEAPON) LYRE STAFF WEAPON MANDOLIN Polesheath PLUG USE CART SN An object used to fill up a hole. POLISHED AXEHEAD CL UNASSIGNED SN An axehead of flint or other stone, commonly BT STOPPER used for Neolithic types. NT TAMPION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PLUG BAYONET BT AXEHEAD SN A bayonet designed to plug into the muzzle of a POLISHED KNIFE musket or rifle. SN A stone tool, often only polished on the edge. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT BAYONET BT KNIFE PLUMB BOB POLISHER SN A weight hung on a piece of string or twine used UF Rubber to show the vertical. Rubbing Stone CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN Polished bone used to burnish objects eg pottery. Plumbatum CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT USE JAVELIN POLISHING IRON PLUME SN A tool used to produce a polish on an object. SN A conspicuous ornament usually a feather or of CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT horse hair worn attached to headwear. BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY POLISHING STONE POIGNARD UF Polissoir SN A stone/cobble/boulder with worn/smooth wear SN A short stabbing weapon. traces left by grinding/polishing axes/adzes. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT DAGGER BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT POINT Polissoir SN A tool with a sharp tapering end used for piercing USE POLISHING STONE materials or as a weapon point. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT POLLEN BT PIERCING EQUIPMENT SN The remains of the fine powdery substance NT BARBED POINT produced by male elements of flowering plants, POKER uniquely identifiable to the species it came from. CL ECOFACTS SN A bar or rod, usually of metal, used to push BT PLANT REMAINS another object into place eg to push coals within a fire. Polyptych CL HEATING AND LIGHTING USE WRITING TABLET BT FIRE IRON CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT POMMANDER POLDEN HILL BROOCH SN A hollow ball for containing aromatic substances eg perfume. SN Bow Brooch derived from the Colchester type in CL CONTAINER the mid to late 1st and 2nd centuries AD. Typically BT COSMETIC CONTAINER the spring is held in a semi-cylindrical crossbar with closed ends and holding the axial bar and a Pommel (Saddle) hook or lug on the head to hold the chord. USE SADDLE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PORRINGER BT BOW BROOCH RT COLCHESTER BROOCH SN A small dish, often with a handle, for soup, porridge etc. POLE CL CONTAINER SN A long usually cylindrical object usually made of BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER wood. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL UNASSIGNED BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER POLE AXE PORTABLE SHRINE SN A long shaft topped by an axe head. Differs from SN A shrine often including representations of a god 91 or gods or other holy relics which could be CL CONTAINER carried by worshippers whilst travelling. BT HAND LUGGAGE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT HAND LUGGAGE Portative Organ USE ORGAN POUNCE POT SN A pot for fine powder. PORTHOLE CL CONTAINER SN A hole or opening in a ship's hull to allow light and BT WRITING CONTAINER air to enter the vessel, or to aim a weapon through. POUNCET BOX CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A box with a perforated top used for perfume. POSSET POT CL CONTAINER BT PERSONAL HYGIENE CONTAINER SN A pot for drinking hot milk curdled with ale and flavoured with spice used as a remedy eg for POUNDER colds. SN A tool used to pound, crush or beat an object. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT DRINKING VESSEL BT GRINDING EQUIPMENT CL CONTAINER CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE BT DRINKING VESSEL BT GRINDING EQUIPMENT POST POWDER FLASK SN A freestanding pole, stake etc often used to SN A container for loose gun powder. Sometimes support a superstructure. with a regulator to release enough powder for CL ARCHITECTURE one shot. BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT CL CONTAINER BT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER Posy Ring RT FIREARM USE FINGER RING SN A finger ring with a brief motto or inscription. POWDER HORN POT SN A horn used to hold loose gun powder for recharging firearms. SN A container, usually round and deep. CL CONTAINER CL CONTAINER BT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER RT FIREARM POT BOILER POWDER MEASURE SN A stone heated in a fire then dropped into a liquid SN A container to provide a set amount of gun to heat it. powder. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL MEASUREMENT BT HEATING OBJECT BT MEASURING VESSEL Pot Lid CL CONTAINER BT MEASURING VESSEL USE LID POWER SYMBOL POT MEND SN A symbol with secular signifigance, particularly SN A small piece of metal used to mend ceramic, implying authority. glass or metal plates and vessels. CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS CL UNASSIGNED NT CEREMONIAL STAFF BT FASTENING CROWN POTTERS STAMP DIADEM SN The tool used to create a mark on pottery by the SCEPTRE potter. THRONE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PRAYER BEAD BT SEAL MATRIX SN A bead or group of beads used in prayer. POTTERS TOOL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A tool used in making pottery. BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT RT ROSARY POTTERS WHEEL PRAYER BOOK SN A rotating wheel, horizontal to the ground, on SN A book containing prayers. which pottery is made. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS POUCH BT BOOK SN A small bag or detachable outside pocket. PRAYER SCROLL 92 SN A scroll containing prayers. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT SURGICAL INSTRUMENT BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT PROCESSIONAL CROSS PRAYER STICK SN A large cross designed to be carried in a SN A stick inscribed with a prayer or prayers for use procession. in praying. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT CROSS BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT PROJECTILE PRESS SN An object which is propelled by force away from SN Equipment or tool used to compress an object into a launcher, which can include from a human. a desired form, a flatter appearance etc. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT PROJECTILE WEAPON BT PRESSING AND CRUSHING EQUIPMENT NT AMMUNITION ARROW PRESSING AND CRUSHING EQUIPMENT ARROWHEAD SN Equipment used to compress or break through BALLISTA BALL compression. BALLISTA BOLT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BOLAS NT CRUSHING STONE CROSSBOW BOLT MORTAR STONE DART PRESS SLING SHOT PRICK SPUR SPEAR THROWING AXE SN A type of spur which ends in a point, blunt or sharp, which is used to aid control of an animal PROJECTILE WEAPON eg a horse. SN A weapon where an object is propelled away CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES from its launcher by means of force. The BT SPUR launcher can be a weapon, eg a catapult, or a PRICKET person. This term includes the projectiles themselves. SN A type of spike, often on candlesticks. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL UNASSIGNED BT WEAPON BT SPIKE NT BLOWPIPE (WEAPON) Pricket Lamp BOW (WEAPON) CANNON USE SPIKE LAMP CATAPULT SN (Source: MPRG) CROSSBOW Primer FIREARM USE PRIMING FLASK MORTAR (WEAPON) PROJECTILE PRIMING FLASK SLING (MILITARY) UF Primer SPEAR GUN SN A flask holding gunpowder used to prime a SPEAR THROWER firearm, ie to provide a small quantity of PRONG gunpowder to be put in the pan which would be lit to set off the main charge in the barrel. The SN The point or tine of a fork. powder would often be a finer grade than that CL UNASSIGNED used for the charge. PROPERTY MARKER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN An indicator of the extent and or ownership of a BT MILITARY EQUIPMENT property. CL CONTAINER CL MEASUREMENT BT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER BT BOUNDARY MARKER RT FIREARM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING PRIMING HORN SN Clothing designed to protect the wearer from SN A horn containing gun powder used for priming a physical hazards. firearm. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL CONTAINER BT CLOTHING BT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER NT CHEST GUARD (SPORTS) RT FIREARM GAS MASK PROBE PROTOTYPE SN A tool used to examine or explore a cavity eg UF Archetype surgically for exploring the depth and direction of SN The original pattern/type of an object. wounds. CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT 93 PROTRACTOR CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT SN An instrument for measuring angles, usually in NT BRANDING IRON the form of a graduated semi-circle. DUCKING STOOL CL MEASUREMENT GALLOWS BT GEOMETRY INSTRUMENT GANG CHAIN GIBBET PROVING MORTAR PILLORY SN A short squat gun or cannon used to test the SCOLDS BRIDLE strength of coarser blasting powders. Mainly SCOURGE 18th-19th centuries. SHACKLE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SLAVE CHAIN BT MORTAR (WEAPON) SLAVE COLLAR PRUNING HOOK STOCKS THUMBSCREW SN A tool with a curved blade used for pruning. WHIP CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE WHIPPING POST BT CULTIVATION OBJECT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PUPPET BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT SN A small doll controlled by the operators hand PRUNING KNIFE either directly or with strings. CL SPORTS AND GAMES SN A knife designed to be used for pruning plants. BT TOY CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT KNIFE PURSE CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE UF Gipciere BT CULTIVATION OBJECT Purse Bar Purse Frame PSALTERY Purse Mount UF Dulcimer SN A small bag or pouch for carrying money, SN Instruments of psaltery and dulcimer type. especially coins. CL MUSIC CL CONTAINER BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 94 CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A ring, often metal, which is used to be thrown BT JUG as part of a game. CL CONTAINER CL SPORTS AND GAMES BT JUG RAIL PYGMY CUP SN A rail used to suspend objects from. UF Footed Pygmy Cup CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN An accessory vessel to a cremation. RAKE CL CONTAINER BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER SN A toothed, handled tool used to drag objects either to gather them together eg grass or hay, or PYX to level them out eg sand or earth. SN A container in which the Sacrament is carried. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL RELIGION OR RITUAL RAPIER RT TABERNACLE SN A long narrow two edged sword with a guarded QUADRANT hilt, used as a thrusting weapon. SN An instrument for measuring or drawing angles, CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS consisting of a quarter circle, graduated to 90 BT SWORD degrees, with a movable arm. RASP CL MEASUREMENT BT GEOMETRY INSTRUMENT SN A tool for smoothing objects. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Quarrel BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT USE CROSSBOW BOLT RATCHET RATTLE QUART SN An instrument whirled to produce sound by a SN A measure for liquid holding two pints which is a piece of flexible wood hitting against a ratchet quarter of a gallon. wheel. CL MEASUREMENT CL MUSIC BT LIQUID MEASURE BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 95 DIVINATIONAL OBJECT RECEIVER EUCHARIST OBJECT SN A container used in the distilling process to catch HOLY WATER SPRINKLER the distilled liquid. HOLY WATER VESSEL CL CONTAINER ICON BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER IDOL Recorder INCANTATION BOWL INCENSE HOLDER FLUTE USE INCENSE SHOVEL RECTANGLE MICROLITH INCENSE SPOON INCENSE TONGS SN A microlith retouched to a rectangular shape. MARRIAGE OBJECT (Source: SARC) MONSTRANCE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT OGHAM STONE BT MICROLITH PALL REED BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT PAX SN An instrument in which air is made to vibrate by a PHALLIC OBJECT cane reed, which may be single or double, and PORTABLE SHRINE may or may not be contained in a reed cap. PYX CL MUSIC RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY BT WIND INSTRUMENT RELIGIOUS STANDARD NT REED PIPE RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT RITUAL FLAIL Reed Cap RITUAL SYMBOL USE WIND INSTRUMENT RUNE STONE SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT REED PIPE SCARAB UF Aulos SCARAB SEAL Pipe (Music) SHABTI Tibia SUN DISC SN An instrument in which air is made to vibrate by a SYMBOL STONE cane reed. WITCH BOTTLE CL MUSIC RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER BT REED BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT SN A container with a religious, ritual or funerary NT BAGPIPES use. SHAUM CL CONTAINER Regal BT CONTAINER 96 AMULET SN Material of unknown origin observed adhering to, CHARM or found within, an object of another material. CHARM BRACELET CL ECOFACTS CHARM NECKLACE BT ORGANIC MATERIAL CROSS PENDANT NT SEWAGE RESIDUE PHYLACTERY Resonator PILGRIM BADGE PRAYER BEAD USE SOUNDBOX ROSARY RETORT SCARAB AMULET SCARAB RING SN A glass vessel with a long tapering neck that is RELIGIOUS SCREEN bent down. Used for distillation. CL CONTAINER SN A screen dividing one part of a church from BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER another. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL RETOUCHED FLAKE BT RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT SN A flake that has had small flakes removed to NT ROOD SCREEN blunt, sharpen, refine the outline or prepare the RELIGIOUS STANDARD edge of the tool. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UF Alam BT FLAKE SN A flag or object depicting a symbolic CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING representation carried as part of a religious BT FLAKE ceremony. CL RELIGION OR RITUAL RETRACTORS CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS SN An instrument for holding back a part of a body RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT eg an organ. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY SN Use for structural objects within or connected to BT SURGICAL INSTRUMENT a place of worship, eg font. For structures, use a monuments thesaurus. RHOMBOID MICROLITH CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SN A microlith retouched to a thomboid shape. NT ALTAR (Source: SARC) ALTARPIECE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT DIPTYCH (RELIGIOUS) BT MICROLITH EFFIGY FONT RIBBON GRAVE MARKER SN A narrow strip of fine material, used for trimming GRAVE SLAB or tying. GRAVESTONE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES RELIGIOUS SCREEN BT DRESS COMPONENT SARCOPHAGUS RICE BIN STOUP (BASIN) TABERNACLE SN A container for the storage of rice. TOMB CL CONTAINER TOMBSTONE BT STORAGE BIN TRIPTYCH (RELIGIOUS) Riddle RELIQUARY USE SIEVE SN A container for holy relics. RIDGE TILE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT SN A tile which covers the ridge of a roof. CL CONTAINER CL ARCHITECTURE BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER BT ROOF TILE RT RELIQUARY CROSS RIFLE RELIQUARY CROSS SN A long barrelled firearm. The barrel is spirally SN A cross connected to a reliquary or containing a grooved on the interior, which gives the bullet a relic itself. spinning motion leading to greater accuracy over CL RELIGION OR RITUAL a longer range. BT CROSS CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS RT RELIQUARY BT LONGARM REPTILE REMAINS RIGGING SPACER SN Use for the remains of any part of a reptile. SN A maritime fitting for spacing rigging elements and CL ECOFACTS preventing entanglement. BT VERTEBRATE REMAINS CL TRANSPORT BT WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT RESIDUE 97 RIM SHERD SN An instrument made by inserting a stick through a SN A fragment of the rim of a vessel, or hollow membrane stretched over a hollow vessel then object, usually of ceramic or glass. If known, use played by rubbing the stick. specific vessel type. CL MUSIC CL UNASSIGNED BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 98 OAKUM ROUNDED JUG ROSARY SN A jug with an evenly rounded profile and a SN A string of beads used to aid the memory in discernible basal angle; the maximum diameter is reciting a set of devotions. near the mid point and in the upper half of the CL RELIGION OR RITUAL vessel. (Source: MPRG) BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION RT PRAYER BEAD BT JUG CL CONTAINER Rosette Brooch BT JUG USE THISTLE BROOCH NT PEGAU ROTARY KEY ROUNDED MUG SN A lever lock key. SN A mug with a rounded body profile below a deep CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT neck. There may be a marked junction between BT KEY (LOCKING) the neck and the body. The neck may be inward- ROTARY QUERN sloping, upright or everted. (Source: MPRG) CL CONTAINER SN A quern where one stone is rotated on another to BT MUG grind grain. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT MUG QUERN BT NT TRICHTERHALSKRUG CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE BT QUERN ROVE ROUGHOUT SN A small metal ring through which a nail or rivet is passed and fixed. SN An intially worked object, prepared to be made CL UNASSIGNED into a final product. BT FASTENING CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING NT AXEHEAD ROUGHOUT Rowel CURRENCY BAR USE ROWEL SPUR MILLSTONE ROUGHOUT ROWEL SPUR QUERN ROUGHOUT RT BLANK UF Rowel Rowelspur ROUND SHOT SN A type of spur with the goad in the form of a SN A solid, spherical projectile, originally made of rotating disc. stone but later iron. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT SPUR BT SHOT Rowelspur ROUNDED BEAKER USE ROWEL SPUR SN A beaker with convex body walls. (Source: ROWLOCK MPRG) CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A device on a boat's gunwale serving as a BT BEAKER fulcrum for an oar and keeping it in place. CL CONTAINER CL TRANSPORT BT BEAKER BT WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT ROUNDED BOWL Rubber SN A bowl with convex body walls. (Source: MPRG) USE GRAIN RUBBER CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION POLISHER BT BOWL SN Use most appropriate term. CL CONTAINER Rubbing Stone BT BOWL USE GRAIN RUBBER ROUNDED CUP POLISHER SN A cup with convex body walls. (Source: MPRG) SN Use most appropriate term. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION RUBBLE BT CUP CL CONTAINER SN Pieces of undressed stone, waste fragments of BT CUP stone or fragments of slate. CL UNASSIGNED ROUNDED JAR RUFF SN A jar with an evenly rounded profile. (Source: MPRG) SN A projecting starched frill worn around the neck, CL CONTAINER especially 16th century. BT JAR CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES NT MERCURY JAR BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY 99 RUG SADDLE SN A mat used on the floor as a covering. UF Pommel (Saddle) CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE Saddlebow BT FLOOR COVERING SN A piece of equipment fastened on an animal for carrying loads, including riders, or for assisting in RULE traction. UF Ruler CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT SN A graduated length of material used for SADDLE QUERN measuring distances. CL MEASUREMENT SN A stone with a concave upper surface on which NT FOOT RULE grain was ground by using a rubbing stone. MEASURING ROD CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT QUERN Ruler CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE USE RULE BT QUERN Rumbler Bell Saddlebow USE CROTAL USE SADDLE RUNE STONE SAFE SN A stone inscribed or marked with runes. SN A strong container, usually metal, secured for CL RELIGION OR RITUAL storing money or valuables. RT DIVINATION STONE CL CONTAINER RUSH LIGHT BT SECURE STORAGE CONTAINER SN A light made by dipping a rush in grease. Saggar CL HEATING AND LIGHTING USE KILN FURNITURE BT LIGHTING OBJECT SALT CELLAR Sabaton SN A small container used for dispensing table salt USE FOOT GUARD for seasoning purposes. SABRE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER SN A curved sword designed to cut with used by CL CONTAINER cavalry. BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT SWORD SALT SHIP SACK SN A large trough or vessel commonly created from a hollowed out tree trunk for the storage of brine SN A large bag made of coarse cloth or thick paper. prior to processing for salt. CL CONTAINER CL CONTAINER BT STORAGE CONTAINER BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER CONTAINER SACRIFICIAL KNIFE SAMPLE SN A knife used for sacrifices. SN A specimen of material to represent the whole CL RELIGION OR RITUAL from which the sample was taken. BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT CL ECOFACTS SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT NT GEOLOGICAL SAMPLE WATERLOGGED SAMPLE SN An object for making an offering to a deity. It includes objects concerned with curses, SAND GLASS sacrifices, and prayers and their related objects. SN A reversible device for measuring time by the CL RELIGION OR RITUAL transfer of sand from upper to lower glass bulb. NT CHARM CL MEASUREMENT CURSE BT TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT CURSE TABLET NT HOURGLASS CURSING STICK LIBATION CONTAINER SANDAL LIBATION LADLE SN A sole held onto the foot by straps or thongs. LIBATION TABLE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES PRAYER BOOK BT FOOTWEAR PRAYER SCROLL PRAYER STICK Sandholder SACRIFICIAL KNIFE USE SANDSHAKER VOTIVE MODEL SANDSHAKER VOTIVE TANK UF Ink Sander Sandholder 100 SN A container for sand which was used to stop ink tray or saucer. It may have a wick lip at the rim. from spreading. May have pierced lugs projecting form the rim for CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS suspension of a handle, spout or vertical loop BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT handle linking bowl and saucer. (Source: MPRG) CL CONTAINER CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT WRITING CONTAINER BT LAMP SAUCER SHAPED LID SANITARY WARE SN A lid comprising a shallow flared dish with an SN Any object, often made of ceramic or 'porcelain' integral knob rising from the centre. (Source: used for the purposes of personal cleansing, MPRG) especially fittings such as toilets, baths and CL UNASSIGNED basins. May survive as fragments in the BT LID archaeological record. Use more specific term where known. SAW CL CONTAINER SN A tool for cutting substances eg wood, metal etc. BT PERSONAL HYGIENE CONTAINER Its blade has teeth down one edge. NT BASIN CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BATH BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT SARCOPHAGUS SCABBARD SN A stone coffin. UF Chape CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Scabbard Fitting BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT Scabbard Loop RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT SN A rigid holder for a bladed weapon. SASH CL CONTAINER BT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER SN Long piece of silk etc worn around waist or over RT EDGED WEAPON one shoulder often as a symbol of rank. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Scabbard Fitting BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY USE SCABBARD SAUCEPAN Scabbard Loop SN A container for cooking. USE SCABBARD CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION BT COOKING VESSEL SCALE ARMOUR CL CONTAINER SN A form of armour made up of overlapping BT COOKING VESSEL squares of protective material. SAUCER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT ARMOUR 101 BT RELIGIOUS PERSONAL ACCESSORY SN A device fitted and locked onto the head of a woman as a form of punishment, featuring a SCARAB SEAL metal plate that fits into the mouth to impede SN An ancient Egyptian gem cut in the shape of a speech.. scarab beetle and engraved with symbols on its CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT flat side. SCOOP CL RELIGION OR RITUAL CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A tool for scooping loose substances, usually BT SEAL MATRIX with a handle and a curved blade partially covered at the handle end. SCARF CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A band of material worn around the neck, waist SCORER or shoulder. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A tool used to notch, line cut or scratch into a BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY surface. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SCEPTRE BT MARKING TOOL UF Sceptre Head SCOURGE SN An ornamental wand or rod carried as a symbol of authority UF Flagellum CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS SN A form of whip or lash, often used for self BT PERSONAL SYMBOL mortification. POWER SYMBOL CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT NT KNOUT Sceptre Head RT RITUAL FLAIL USE SCEPTRE Scramasax Schalenurne USE SEAX USE BICONICAL BOWL SCRAPER (MUSICAL) SN An Early Saxon name for a Biconical Bowl. (Source: MPRG) SN A musical instrument which produces its sound by being scraped. SCHNELLE CL MUSIC SN A German stoneware form of conical mug. BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 102 FIGUREHEAD CHAIR FIGURINE COUCH FRIEZE PEW RELIEF STOOL STATUE RT MISERICORD (SEAT) RT GARGOYLE SEAX SCUTCHING KNIFE UF Scramasax SN A tool used in the separation of fibres from the SN A single edged sword. bark in flax working. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT SWORD BT KNIFE SECATEURS SCYTHE SN A small pair of shears with crossed blades, SN A mowing implement with a large curved blade usually used for pruning. and a long handle. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT BT HARVESTING AND MOWING OBJECT SECURE STORAGE CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT SN A container designed to be difficult to get into or out of, thus ensuring the safety of objects inside SEAL the container. UF Seal Impression CL CONTAINER SN A piece of wax, lead, paper etc, with a stamped BT STORAGE CONTAINER design, attached to a document as a guarantee of NT CAGE authenticity. MONEY BOX CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS SAFE NT BULL SEDAN CHAIR CLOTH SEAL RT SEAL BOX UF Carrying Chair SEALING WAX SN An enclosed chair for carrying a person, usually carried by two people. SEAL BOX CL TRANSPORT SN A small, usually hinged, box made of copper alloy BT LAND VEHICLE which protected a seal. Sediment CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER 103 CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A bowl specifically used for shaving. BT JEWELLERY CL CONTAINER BT PERSONAL HYGIENE CONTAINER SEWAGE RESIDUE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN Residue resulting from the presence of sewage. BT SHAVING ITEM While you can have a cesspit, it contains sewage not cess. SHAVING BRUSH CL ECOFACTS SN A brush used to apply soap to the body when BT RESIDUE shaving. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SEXTANT BT SHAVING ITEM SN An instrument for measuring the angular distance of objects, and particularly used for navigation by SHAVING ITEM noting the position of the stars. SN Object used in shaving. CL MEASUREMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENT BT PERSONAL GROOMING AND HYGIENE ITEM NT RAZOR SHABTI SHAVING BOWL SN An Egyptian religious statuette. SHAVING BRUSH CL RELIGION OR RITUAL RT FIGURINE SHAWL SN A piece of material worn over the head and or SHACKLE shoulders. SN A restraining ring usually linked to another. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT BT OUTERWEAR NT FETTER MANACLE SHEARMANS HOOK SN A tool, featuring a straight, horizontal handle from SHADOW BOX which extends a metal hook halfway along its SN A box with one transparent side within which a length, used by a shearman (one who shears picture, jewel etc can be displayed. sheep) in the handling of wool. CL UNASSIGNED CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Shafthole Adze SHEARS USE ADZEHEAD SN Scissor like tool, usually larger than scissors, PERFORATED OBJECT used for cutting, pruning or trimming. Shafthole Implement CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT USE PERFORATED OBJECT SHEATH Shard SN A flexible holder for a bladed tool or weapon. USE SHERD CL CONTAINER Share BT WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER USE PLOUGH SHEATHING SHARPENER SN A covering of thin copper plates secured, on top SN A tool used to sharpen another tool or object. of a layer of tar and horsehair, to the bottom of CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT wooden ships to protect the hull against weeds, barnacles and especially Teredo navalis, a BT SHARPENING EQUIPMENT wood-boring worm prevalent in tropical seas. SHARPENING EQUIPMENT CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN Equipment used to sharpen other objects. SHEET CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT UF Bedsheet NT GRINDSTONE SN A large piece of material used on a bed for SHARPENER sleeping on or under. STROP CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE WHETSTONE BT BEDDING SHAUM SHELF SN A medieval wind instrument. CL MUSIC SN A flat surface designed to hold objects. For a set of shelves use shelving. BT REED PIPE CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SHAVE RT SHELVING SN A tool used to remove shavings from an object. SHELL CASE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN Outer casing of an explosive cartridge fired from BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT a cannon or mortar. SHAVING BOWL CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS 104 BT AMMUNITION maritime vessel, e.g. frame, decks, masts. CL TRANSPORT SHELVING BT WATER CRAFT COMPONENT SN A set of shelves. SHIRT CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BT FURNITURE SN A sleeved garment worn on the upper body. RT SHELF CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT OUTERWEAR SHERD UF Shard SHIRT STUD SN A fragment of a vessel, or hollow object, usually SN Two discs at the end of a short shank, used to of ceramic or glass. If known, use specific fasten shirt fronts, collars etc. vessel type. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL UNASSIGNED BT STUD FASTENER NT BASE SHERD SHOE BODY SHERD RIM SHERD SN A covering for the foot not enclosing the ankle. RT VESSEL CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT FOOTWEAR SHIELD SHOE IRON SN A protective piece of armour carried in the hand to protect the bearer from weapons. UF Heel Stiffener CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A metal bar to strengthen the heel and or sole of BT ARMOUR a piece of footwear. NT BUCKLER CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES TARGE BT FOOTWEAR COMPONENT TARGET SHOE MAKING WASTE RT SHIELD BOSS SN Waste resulting from the processes associated SHIELD BOSS with the making of shoes. UF Shield Mount CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING Umbo BT MANUFACTURING DEBRIS SN A convex, usually round, piece of metal or other SHOEING NAIL material mounted at the centre of a shield. Originally serving a practical purpose in UF Fiddle Key Nail deflecting blows and providing a mounting for the Horseshoe Nail grip, it later developed into an ornamental feature. SN A nail of distinctive form, specifically used in the CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS shoeing of animals, eg horses, donkeys, oxen. BT BOSS CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT RT SHIELD SHOT Shield Mount SN A projectile or group of projectiles fired from a USE SHIELD BOSS weapon, usually solid rather than explosive. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SHIFT BT AMMUNITION SN An underskirt or dress with little shaping. NT BAR SHOT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CHAIN SHOT BT OUTERWEAR GRAPE SHOT ROUND SHOT Shin Guard SHOTGUN USE LEG GUARD SN A smooth bore weapon usually for firing shot as SHINGLE opposed to bullets. SN A thin piece of wood used as a roofing material. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL ARCHITECTURE BT LONGARM BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT FIREARM CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SHIP BT FIREARM SN A craft of uncertain function over 30 metres long. CL TRANSPORT SHOULDER PLATE BT WATER CRAFT SN A piece of plate armour designed to protect the shoulder. SHIPS LOG CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A device used to gauge the speed of a vessel at BT ARMOUR 105 CL CONTAINER BT FOOD PREPARATION CONTAINER BT JAR CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL CONTAINER SHOULDERED JUG BT CONTAINER 106 Skate BT LAND VEHICLE USE ICE SKATE Sledge Runner SKEWER USE SLEDGE (VEHICLE) SN A pin used to hold meat together whilst cooking. SLEDGEHAMMER CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION UF Sledge (Hammer) BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT SN A long handled heavy hammer used by two SKI hands. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN Each of a pair of long narrow pieces of wood, BT STRIKING EQUIPMENT usually pointed and turned up at the front, fastened under the feet for travel on snow. SLEEVE CL TRANSPORT SN A covering for the arm, usually attached to or SKILLET part of another garment. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A form of frying pan, usually medieval. BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY CL CONTAINER BT COOKING VESSEL SLEEVE CLASP CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION UF Wrist Clasp BT COOKING VESSEL SN A decorative clasp to fix sleeve cuffs together. SKIRT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT CLOTHING FASTENING SN A garment worn from the waist down by women. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES Sleigh Bell BT OUTERWEAR USE CROTAL SKITTLE SLICKER SN A peg or upright object which is the target of a SN A knife used to rub grease into a hide and to ball in skittles. force dirt out of it. The knife is symmetrical with a CL SPORTS AND GAMES handle at each end. SLAG CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A by-product usually from the smelting process. SLIDE KEY CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING SN A form of tumbler lock key which pushes the bolt. BT INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Slate BT KEY (LOCKING) USE ROOF SLATE Slide Trumpet WRITING SLATE USE TRUMPET SN Use relevant term. In the case of slate as a material use a materials thesaurus. SLING (MILITARY) Slate Pencil SN A hand held weapon used to throw missiles such as stones or bullets. USE PENCIL CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SLAVE CHAIN BT PROJECTILE WEAPON RT SLING SHOT SN A chain used to inhibit a slave's freedom. CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT SLING BULLET SLAVE COLLAR SN A deliberately made missile fired from a sling. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A collar, usually metal, used to signify slavery BT SLING SHOT and to inhibit freedom, usually with a chain attached. SLING SHOT CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT UF Sling Stone Sled SN A missile fired from a sling. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS USE SLEDGE (VEHICLE) BT PROJECTILE Sledge (Hammer) NT SLING BULLET USE SLEDGEHAMMER RT SLING (MILITARY) SLEDGE (VEHICLE) Sling Stone UF Sled USE SLING SHOT Sledge Runner SLIPPER SN A vehicle on runners for carrying loads or SN A light covering for the foot, usually worn passengers, especially over snow. Could be indoors. drawn by horses, dogs, reindeer and/or pushed CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES or pulled by people. BT FOOTWEAR CL TRANSPORT 107 SMALL LONG BROOCH vessels. The rod is Z shaped. SN A small, often of about two inches or less in CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT length, version of the Long Brooch usually made SOCK of less expensive materials than other brooch types and frequently worn in pairs. SN A garment worn on the foot and lower leg. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT LONG BROOCH BT FOOTWEAR SMALL MAMMAL REMAINS SOCKET BAYONET UF Microfauna Remains SN A bayonet designed to fit over the muzzle of a SN Use for Insectivores (hedgehogs, shrews, musket or rifle, allowing the gun still to be fired. moles), Chiroptera (bats) and rodents (squirrels, CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS rats, voles, mice, dormice). BT BAYONET CL ECOFACTS SOCKETED AXEHEAD BT MAMMAL REMAINS SN A form of axehead where the body is hollow SMOCK allowing for insertion of the haft. Usually bronze SN A long loose fitting garment worn instead of a or iron and of late Bronze Age or Iron Age date. coat. Most examples feature a side loop to further CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES assist hafting. BT OUTERWEAR CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT AXEHEAD SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT SOCKETED BOWL SN Equipment used to scrape and smooth objects. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A bowl with a straight handle projecting NT ARROW STRAIGHTENER horizontally or diagonally upwards from the rim, BURNISHER particularly or completely hollow, but not opening DRAWKNIFE into the vessel. A jar adapted by the addition of FILE one or more handles. (Source: MPRG) FLAT IRON CL CONTAINER FLOAT (TOOL) BT HANDLED BOWL LATHE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION LINEN SMOOTHER BT HANDLED BOWL PLANE SOCKETED GOUGE POLISHER POLISHING IRON SN A type of cast chisel with a sharp, concave edge POLISHING STONE for shaping wood, stone or metal. A particular RASP type of British Bronze Age tool. SCRAPER (TOOL) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SHAVE BT GOUGE SPOKESHAVE SOCKETED SPEARHEAD Smoothing Iron SN A spearhead with an elongated hollow cast into USE FLAT IRON the base of the blade to receive the end of the wooden spear shaft. The spearhead was Snaffle secured to the shaft by pegs set at right angles USE SNAFFLE BIT or by lashings fixed to loops cast at the base of the spearhead. SNAFFLE BIT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS UF Snaffle BT SPEARHEAD SN A metal, shankless bit, with a ring on either side Soil used to control an animal (usually a horse) by exerting direct pressure on the tongue, lips and USE DEPOSIT the side of the mouth. SOLDERING LAMP CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT BT BRIDLE BIT SN A tool used to impart heat in order to fuse two or more metal surfaces together. Snail Remains CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MOLLUSCA REMAINS USE SOLE SNAPHANCE MUSKET SN The part of footwear that touches the ground. SN A musket with a snaphance lock. This lock CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES consisted of a flint and steel but the pan cover BT FOOTWEAR COMPONENT was separate to the steel unlike the flintlock. SOLIFLUCTION DEPOSIT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT MUSKET SN Deposits formed by the mass downward movement of surface deposits over underlying SNARLING IRON frozen ground under periglacial conditions. SN A rod used to create repousee work on metal CL ECOFACTS 108 BT PERIGLACIAL DEPOSIT BT SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SPEAKING TUBE SOUNDBOARD SN A tube for conveying the voice from one room or SN A thin board forming part of a musical instrument building to another. and placed in a position to strengthen or increase CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS its sound. CL MUSIC SPEAR BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT UF Spear Butt SOUNDBOX SN A long shafted weapon with a pointed head used for thrusting or as a missile. UF Resonator CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN The part of a musical instrument in which notes BT HUNTING OBJECT resonate and increase the sound of the CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS instrument. BT PROJECTILE CL MUSIC STAFF WEAPON BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT NT JAVELIN SOUNDING LEAD LANCE SN Weight on the end of a graduated line for PIKE measuring the depth of water. RT SPEARHEAD CL MEASUREMENT Spear Butt Spacer USE SPEAR USE SPACER BEAD SPEAR GUN SPACER BEAD SN A gun using an explosive propellant to fire UF Spacer sharpened metal shafts, usually fired through Spacer Plate water. SN A bead used to create a space or interval within CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS a necklace. BT PROJECTILE WEAPON CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SPEAR THROWER BT BEAD SN An object made to hurl a spear further and faster Spacer Plate than possible by hand. USE SPACER BEAD CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT PROJECTILE WEAPON SPADE SPEARHEAD UF Spade Iron Spade Shoe SN The blade or sharp-pointed head attached to the SN A tool used for digging the ground. end of a spear's shaft. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT DIGGING EQUIPMENT BT STAFF WEAPON CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE NT LOOPED SPEARHEAD BT CULTIVATION OBJECT SOCKETED SPEARHEAD TANGED SPEARHEAD Spade Iron RT SPEAR USE SPADE Spectacles (Animal) Spade Shoe USE BLINKER SPADE USE SPECTACLES (HUMAN) SPANGLE SN Lenses worn in a frame designed to improve or SN A small pierced disc which glitters, used as protect the vision of the wearer. ornamentation on clothing CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY BT DRESS COMPONENT SPHEROIDAL CARBONACEOUS PARTICLES (SCPS) SPANNER SN Roughly spherical, > 5 µm, soot particles SN A tool used to provide grip and mechanical produced from the incomplete combustion of advantage in applying torque to tighten or loosen fossil fuels. Used as an indicator of objects such as nuts and bolts. industrialisation, and can also be used as a dating CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT tool. BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT CL ECOFACTS BT DEPOSIT SPATULA Spider Shot SN A flat object which is broad and rounded at one end and tapers to a handle at the other. USE FLAIL SHOT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SPIGOT CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY 109 SN A form of stopper used to regulate the flow of CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT liquid, often used in a barrel. BT SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT CL UNASSIGNED SPONGE BT STOPPER SN An object made of sponge used to wash or clean SPIKE with. SN A sharp, pointed metal object. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL UNASSIGNED BT WASHING AND CLEANSING ITEM BT FASTENING SPOON NT PRICKET SN Implement with a shallow bowl at the end of a SPIKE LAMP handle used to eat with or to stir food etc. UF Pricket Lamp CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A small hemispherical or flared bowl with a solid BT CUTLERY pointed base or spike. May include a wick lip at CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT the rim and one or two pierced lugs for SPOON AUGER suspension. (Source: MPRG) CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A bit for an auger to scoop out material. BT LAMP CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT AUGER SPILL SPOON BIT SN A slim piece of wood used to ignite fires, lamps, ovens etc. SN A bit which scoops out material. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT IGNITING ACCESSORY BT DRILLING EQUIPMENT SPINDLE SPORTING EQUIPMENT SN A wooden rod passed through a spindle whorl. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Used to handspin fibre. NT PARACHUTE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SPORTS AND GAMES BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT RT SPINDLE WHORL SN Objects used or associated with sport and games, eg gaming piece. This class includes SPINDLE WHORL toys. SN The weight attached to a spindle used for CL SPORTS AND GAMES handspinning. NT BALL (GAME) CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BAT BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT COCKSPUR RT SPINDLE DICE SHAKER DIE SPINNING TOP DISCUS SN A circular toy which spins on a point. DOMINO CL SPORTS AND GAMES GAMING BOARD BT TOY GAMING CHIP NT WHIPPING TOP GAMING PIECE MARBLE SPIT PLAYING CARD SN A device to hold and rotate food against a heat PUZZLE source during cooking. QUOIT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SKITTLE BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT TOY RT JACK (COOKING) SPOUT SPITTOON SN A tubular orifice to assist in pouring. SN A receptacle for spittle, usually used in a public CL UNASSIGNED place. SPOUTED BOWL CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER 110 shoulder or girth. (Source: MPRG) STAFF WEAPON CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A long shafted weapon with a head that can be BT JUG edged and/or pointed. CL CONTAINER CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT JUG BT EDGED WEAPON NT BILL SPRING GLAIVE SN Coiled metal used to give or limit motion. GUISARME CL UNASSIGNED HALBERD SPRING BALANCE POLE AXE SPEAR SN A balance measuring weight by the tension of a SPEARHEAD spring. TRIDENT CL MEASUREMENT BT BALANCE STAINED GLASS (WINDOW) SPUD SN Glass that has been coloured by fusing glass with a metallic oxide film or by burning pigment SN A tool, possibly for cleaning mud from parts of a into the surface. plough. CL ARCHITECTURE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT WINDOW GLASS SPUR Stair SN An object for touching or pricking an animal's USE STEP sides to increase control of it, usually used with horses. Stair Riser CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES USE STEP BT FOOTWEAR COMPONENT STAKE NT PRICK SPUR ROWEL SPUR SN A piece of pointed wood, usually to be driven into the ground. SQUARE CL UNASSIGNED SN An instrument for determining, measuring or STAMP setting out right angles, usually consisting of two pieces or arms set at right angles to each other, SN A tool that produces a mark on an object through but sometimes with the arms hinged or pivoted to the application of percussive force through the measure any angle. stamp. CL MEASUREMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT GEOMETRY INSTRUMENT BT STRIKING EQUIPMENT RT STAMPED OBJECT SQUARE HEADED BROOCH STAMPED OBJECT SN A highly decorated Anglo-Saxon Long Brooch, often made of silver or bronze, worn by women. SN An object decorated or otherwise marked by the Contemporary with the Cruciform Brooch, it use of a stamp; for example, a maker's stamp. features a large, square head plate and usually CL UNASSIGNED three rounded foot-terminals. BT IMPRESSED OBJECT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES RT STAMP BT LONG BROOCH Standfussschale SQUEEZER USE PEDESTAL BOWL SN A device to extract juice, usually from fruit. SN An Early Saxon name for a pedestal bowl. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION (Source: MPRG) BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT STANDING COSTREL STADDLE STONE SN A costrel with a narrow-mouth and two opposed SN One of several stones used to raise a farm handles or lugs on the shoulder. building, such as a granary, above the ground CL CONTAINER surface. BT COSTREL CL ARCHITECTURE STAPLE BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT UF Loop Headed Spike STAFF SN A three sided or U-shaped metal fastener on SN A long stick or rod used as an aid in walking, which the ends are pointed. climbing etc. Where it is a weapon use CL UNASSIGNED quarterstaff or staff weapon. Where there is BT FASTENING another use, use the appropriate term eg NT DOUBLE SPIKED LOOP surveying staff. TIMBER DOG CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES STATUE BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY SN A three dimensional representation. 111 CL UNASSIGNED zoomorphic. Arranged in pairs, on each stirrup BT SCULPTURE either side of the footplate. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT Statuette STOCKING USE FIGURINE SN A covering for the leg which fits closely. STAVE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A shaped piece of wood that makes up a barrel, BT UNDERWEAR key etc. STOCKS CL UNASSIGNED SN A wooden framework with holes for the feet, STEAMER and occassionally hands, in which the offender SN A device for containing food whilst cooking it by was restrained. the action of steam. CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION STOLE BT FOOD PREPARATION EQUIPMENT SN A long scarf or shawl. STEELYARD CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A balance with unequal arms where the contents BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY of a pan on the short arm are weighed by a STOMACHER weight or weights attached to the long arm. SN A decorative panel worn over the chest and CL MEASUREMENT stomach by both men and women in the 16th BT BALANCE century and later only by women. STEELYARD WEIGHT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A weight made to be hung from a steelyard. BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY CL MEASUREMENT STOOL BT WEIGHT SN A small type of seat, usually without a back, set Stemmed Beaker on legs. USE PEDESTAL BEAKER CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE SN (Source: MPRG) BT SEAT Stemmed Goblet STOOL PAN USE PEDESTAL BEAKER SN A flared bowl of medium to deep depth, with SN (Source: MPRG) wide horizontal everted rim. These vessels may have a single handle. (Source: MPRG) STEP CL CONTAINER UF Stair BT FLARED BOWL Stair Riser CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A flat level structure, can be part of a series, BT FLARED BOWL used to allow a person to move from one level to STOP (MUSIC) another, or can occur singularly on a threshold. CL ARCHITECTURE SN Part of an instrument that is used to modify or limit BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT the sound of a note. CL MUSIC STIRRING ROD BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT SN A straight rod, made of glass, plastic or other STOPPER materials, used to agitate or mix chemicals, pigments, beverages or other fluids or SN A plug for closing the neck of a container. substances. CL UNASSIGNED CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NT BUNG CORK STIRRUP PLUG SN A device in the form of a loop with a flat base SPIGOT hung on either side of a saddle to support the STORAGE BIN rider's foot. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT SN A container for the storing of substances. CL CONTAINER STIRRUP STRAP MOUNT BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER SN A decorative fitting of mid to late 11th century NT CORN BIN date, mainly of copper alloy, often traingular or RICE BIN trapezoidal in shape. Mounted at the junction of STORAGE CONTAINER the stirrup and stirrup strap. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT SN This does not include food or liquid storage. CL CONTAINER STIRRUP TERMINAL BT CONTAINER 112 BOX SN A fitting specifically functioning as the CASE (PIPE) strengthener and support for the end of a strap CASKET of leather or fabric. CHEST CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES FAN CASE BT STRAP FITTING GAME BOX STRAP FITTING SACK SECURE STORAGE CONTAINER UF Bar Mount TRUNK Belt Attachment STOUP (BASIN) Belt Chape Belt Clasp SN A stone basin for containing holy water often set Belt Fitting in inside walls of a church, especially near the Belt Loop entrance. Belt Mount CL RELIGION OR RITUAL Belt Plate BT RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT Belt Slide STOUP (DRINKING VESSEL) Strap Guide SN A term for a drinking vessel, although its use Strap Union often implies a recognised quantity. SN The fittings or parts on a strap. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT DRINKING VESSEL BT CLOTHING FASTENING CL CONTAINER NT STRAP END BT DRINKING VESSEL Strap Guide STOVE USE STRAP FITTING SN A closed chamber used for heating or baking STRAP HINGE objects. SN A metal, often decorative, hinge constructed with CL HEATING AND LIGHTING a single large strap attached to the surface of the BT HEATING OBJECT moving part wiht a loop in the end which fits over STOVE TILE a pintle attached to the adjacent stationary frame. CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN A decorative tile incorporated into the front of a tile stove. BT HINGE CL ARCHITECTURE Strap Union BT TILE USE STRAP FITTING STRAIGHT END SCRAPER STRAW SPLITTER SN An end scraper which has a retouched end that SN A tool used for splitting straw. The straw splitter is straight in form. If the tool blank is a blade or would be pushed down the hollow shaft of a flake, and the retouch is abrupt retouch rather piece of straw to produce six flat lengths of than scraper retouch then use either Truncated straw ready for plaiting. Used in straw hat blade or Truncated flake. (Source: SARC) making. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT END SCRAPER STRIGIL STRAIGHT SIDED BOWL SN A curved blade used by the Romans and Greeks SN A bowl with straight sides which are at an to scrape the body after bathing. approximate right angle to the base, i.e. a roughly CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES cylindrical shape. (Source: MPRG) BT WASHING AND CLEANSING ITEM CL CONTAINER BT BOWL STRIKE A LIGHT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A triangular sectioned rod probably used for BT BOWL making sparks. STRAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL HEATING AND LIGHTING SN A tool used to filter solid material from liquid by BT IGNITING ACCESSORY means of a mesh, net or sheet with holes. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT STRIKING EQUIPMENT RT SIEVE SN Equipment used primarily to bring percussive Strake force onto an object. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE WHEEL NT ADZE HAMMER STRAP AXE HAMMER BEATER (TOOL) SN A thin strip of material used for binding. FLAIL CL UNASSIGNED HAMMER BT FASTENING MALLET STRAP END 113 MATTOCK SN An object representing the sun, made of bronze MAUL or gold usually dating from the European Bronze PICK Age. PICKAXE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL SLEDGEHAMMER SUNDIAL STAMP STRING SN A device for telling the time by the sun, using the shadow cast by a gnomon, or sometimes a spot SN Flexible, twisted fibres, joined together, for tying of light through a small hole. They were often objects. used for checking the accuracy of clocks. They CL UNASSIGNED range from panels on the sides of churches to BT FASTENING pocket watch size. STRING INSTRUMENT CL MEASUREMENT UF Fingerboard BT TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT Fret SURGICAL INSTRUMENT Peg Arm SN An instrument used for surgery, which is the SN An musical instrument where the strings are treatment of injuries by instruments and manually. played by plucking or bowing. Use more specific CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY term where known. BT MEDICAL IMPLEMENT CL MUSIC NT FORCEPS BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 114 sword is hung. Where worn over the shoulder NT BENCH (TABLE) use baldric. DESK CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES TABLE LINEN BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY RT BALDRIC SN All linen used at the table, including tablecloths. BAYONET CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE SWORD BT FURNISHING Sword Blade TABLEMAN USE SWORD SN A playing piece for the medieval game of table. CL SPORTS AND GAMES Sword Chape BT GAMING PIECE USE SWORD TACK Sword Fitting SN A sharp pointed nail with a large flat head. USE SWORD CL UNASSIGNED BT FASTENING Sword Guard USE SWORD TAG SWORD MOULD SN An object designed to be the end of a lace or simimlar to aid the insertion of the lace through a SN A mould in which a sword is cast. loop or eyelet. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT MOULD BT CLOTHING FASTENING Sword Pommel NT HOOKED TAG LACE TAG USE SWORD TAILPIECE Sword Pommelguard SN A triangular piece of wood, usually of ebony, to USE SWORD which the lower ends of the strings of a musical SYMBOL STONE instrument are fastened. SN A shaped and or carved stone. CL MUSIC CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT RT BOWED STRING INSTRUMENT Symphonie Talisman USE HURDY GURDY USE AMULET SYRINGE TALLY SN A cylinder containing a piston by which fluid can be ejected or sucked in. UF Tally Stick CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A piece of wood scored across with notches for the items of an account and then split into halves BT PIERCING EQUIPMENT of which each party kept one. CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY CL MEASUREMENT BT MEDICAL IMPLEMENT Tally Stick Syrinx USE TALLY USE PAN PIPE TAMBOURINE T-SHAPED BROOCH UF Timbrel SN 1st or 2nd century Bow Brooch derived from the SN A circular frame with a stretched membrane and Colchester. It typically has a pin hinged on a bar small cymbals in the frame. held in a cylindrical crossbar, the bow tapering and commonly decorated. Developed examples CL MUSIC often have a headloop and enamelled panels. BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 115 TENT TANK SN A portable shelter, usually of fabric or leather. SN A large container or reservoir for liquids or CL UNASSIGNED gases. NT WIGWAM CL CONTAINER TENTERHOOK BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER SN Hook used to support cloth on a tenter frame TANKARD after fulling to dry the cloth. SN A large one handled drinking vessel, sometimes CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT fitted with a hinged lid. BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION TEPHRA BT DRINKING VESSEL CL CONTAINER SN Volcanic ash. BT DRINKING VESSEL CL ECOFACTS BT ASH TAP TERRACOTTA SN A device to limit the amount of liquid coming from a pipe or hole. SN A hard, unglazed earthenware, characteristically CL UNASSIGNED reddish-brown in colour, used in decoration and construction. TAP KEY CL ARCHITECTURE SN A tap inserted into a barrel to allow liquid to be BT CERAMIC drawn from it. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSCA REMAINS SN Molluscs found in terrestrial habitats as opposed TAPER to fresh or brackish water. SN A long slim candle used for igniting objects. CL ECOFACTS CL HEATING AND LIGHTING BT NON MARINE MOLLUSCA REMAINS BT IGNITING ACCESSORY Terret TAPESTRY USE HARNESS FITTING SN Large wall hung tapestries only. CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE Terret Ring BT WALL HANGING USE HARNESS FITTING TARGE TESSERA SN A small shield. SN A cube of material used to make up a mosaic. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL ARCHITECTURE BT SHIELD BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT RT MOSAIC TARGET TESTATE AMOEBAE SN A small round shield. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS UF Microfossil BT SHIELD SN Amoebae which are partially enclosed in external shells, or tests. Found in wet soils, freshwater, TAZZA decaying organic matter and on vegetation such SN A Roman wine cup with a shallow bowl and a as mosses. Used to examine environmental circular foot. factors such as water acidity and moisture CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION content. BT DRINKING VESSEL CL ECOFACTS CL CONTAINER TEXTILE BT DRINKING VESSEL UF Cloth TEGULA SN Woven material. SN A flat tile with raised or flanged edges, used with CL UNASSIGNED imbrex for roofing. RT BRAID CL ARCHITECTURE LACE (TEXTILE) BT ROOF TILE TEXTILE EQUIPMENT TELESCOPE SN Equipment used in the production of textiles. SN A monocular optical instrument possessing CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT magnification for observing distant objects, NT BOBBIN especially in astronomy. CARDER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CARDING COMB TEMPLATE DISTAFF FULLING ROLLER SN A pattern cut out in wood or metal to help shape HARBICK something accurately or to reproduce shapes. HECKLE CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING HEDDLE ROD 116 LOOM THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT LOOMWEIGHT SHUTTLE SN Objects used to thresh and winnow crops. SPINDLE CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SPINDLE WHORL NT FLAIL TENTERHOOK THRESHER THIMBLE THRESHING TRAY WEAVING BATTEN WINNOWER WEAVING COMB WINNOWING BASKET WEAVING TABLET WINNOWING FAN WEFT BEATER WINNOWING FORK THATCH WEIGHT THRESHING TRAY SN A weight used to hold down thatch. SN A tray used for separating the grain from husks CL MEASUREMENT and straw. BT WEIGHT CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE BT THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT THATCHING NEEDLE CL CONTAINER SN A needle used to sew together thatch. BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CONTAINER BT NEEDLE THRONE THEATRE COSTUME SN A seat of state, often highly decorative, used by SN Dress designed to be worn for theatrical monarchs, bishops, etc. purposes. CL SIGNS OR SYMBOLS CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT POWER SYMBOL BT COSTUME THROWING AXE THERMOMETER SN An axe designed and weighted to be thrown. SN An instrument designed to measure temperature. CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CL MEASUREMENT BT EDGED WEAPON AXE (WEAPON) THIMBLE PROJECTILE SN A small cap for protecting the finger or thumb NT FRANCISCA whilst sewing. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT THUMB NAIL SCRAPER BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT SN A small semi circular scraper current in the NT PALM Bronze Age. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT THISTLE BROOCH BT SCRAPER (TOOL) UF Rosette Brooch SN Early to mid-1st century AD Bow Brooch with a THUMBSCREW P-shaped profile, a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical SN An instrument of torture used to compress one or spring cover and a round or lozenge-shaped both thumbs. centre plate with a short bow above and a flat CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT leg below, both of which are reeded like the Thurible Langton Down Brooch. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES USE CENSER BT BOW BROOCH TIARA RT LANGTON DOWN BROOCH SN A semi circular jewelled headdress for formal Thistle Tyg occasions. USE NECKED CUP CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN (Source: MPRG) BT HEAD ORNAMENT THREAD BOBBIN Tibia SN A bobbin where thread is wound around it, used USE REED PIPE for example in spinning and weaving TIE BAR CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A piece of metal or timber holding two elements BT BOBBIN together. Thread Picker CL ARCHITECTURE USE WEFT BEATER BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT THRESHER TILE SN A machine for mechanically separating the grain SN A slab which can be decorated, shaped, hollow from the straw and husks. etc. Used for a variety of purposes in CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE construction. BT THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT CL ARCHITECTURE 117 BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT Tobacco Box NT FLOOR TILE USE TOBACCO HOLDER FLUE TILE Tobacco Case HEARTH TILE HYPOCAUST TILE USE TOBACCO HOLDER ROOF TILE Tobacco Flask STOVE TILE USE TOBACCO HOLDER TILL TOBACCO HOLDER UF Boulder Clay UF Tobacco Bag SN Unsorted sediment (i.e. containing everything Tobacco Basket from clay to boulders) laid down directly by a Tobacco Box glacier. Tobacco Case CL ECOFACTS Tobacco Flask BT GLACIATION DEPOSIT Tobacco Jar TIMBER DOG Tobacco Pot SN An iron rod with both ends sharpened and turned SN A container for the storage of tobacco. down, used for holding timbers together. CL CONTAINER CL UNASSIGNED BT CONTAINER 118 SN Use appropriate term. CUTTING EQUIPMENT DIGGING EQUIPMENT TOKEN DRILLING EQUIPMENT SN An unofficial, usually local, substitute for coinage, FIRE HOOK which could be exchanged directly for goods or FLATTER services in certain areas or with specified FULLER retailers. FUNNEL CL CURRENCY GRAPPLING IRON TOMB GRINDING EQUIPMENT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT SN A grave or sepulchre including a monument. HOSE CL RELIGION OR RITUAL KEY (LOCKING) BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT KEY (WINDING) RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT KILN FURNITURE TOMBSTONE KNITTING NEEDLE LACE PILLOW SN A stone placed across a grave. LADDER CL RELIGION OR RITUAL LADLE BT DEATH BURIAL OR FUNERARY OBJECT LAUREL LEAF RELIGIOUS STRUCTURAL OBJECT LEVER Tompion LITHIC IMPLEMENT USE TAMPION LOCKING MECHANISM MARKING EQUIPMENT TONGS MARVER SN Twin bars riveted together which can open and MICROLITH close allowing it to grip objects, usually to lift and MILITARY EQUIPMENT move them. MOULDING EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PALETTE (ARTISTS) BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT PIERCING EQUIPMENT NT FIRE TONGS PIN CUSHION PIPE RACK TOOL BY PRODUCT PITCHFORK SN A by-product created during the manufacture of PLUMB BOB a tool. POKER CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING POTTERS TOOL BT BY PRODUCT POTTERS WHEEL NT BURIN SPALL PRESSING AND CRUSHING EQUIPMENT DEBITAGE PROBE MICROBURIN PULLEY PUMP TOOL MAKING EQUIPMENT PUMP HOUSING SN Equipment used in the making of tools. RAKE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT REAMER NT FABRICATOR RIPPLER HAMMERSTONE SCOOP TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SERRATED IMPLEMENT SHARPENING EQUIPMENT SN Tools and equipment with a specific function and SHEARMANS HOOK those for which a function cannot be assigned SIEVE with any degree of certainty. Where the function SLICKER is known, the term is also included under the SMOOTHING EQUIPMENT relevant Class. SNARLING IRON CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SOLDERING LAMP NT ALUDEL SPATULA ANVIL SPOON ARD SPORTING EQUIPMENT BELLOWS SPUD BLOWPIPE (TOOL) STIRRING ROD BRUSH STRAINER CABLE DRUM STRAW SPLITTER CASTING BOX STRIKE A LIGHT CAULKING TOOL STRIKING EQUIPMENT CLAMP SWAGE COMBINATION TOOL TAP KEY COTTON GIN TELESCOPE CREASER TEXTILE EQUIPMENT CROWBAR TOOL MAKING EQUIPMENT CUSHION STONE 119 TOUCHSTONE SKI TROWEL VEHICLE TUYERE VEHICLE COMPONENT WEDGE VESSEL COMPONENT WELL WINDER WATER CRAFT EQUIPMENT WHEELBARROW TRANSVERSE ARROWHEAD YARN TWISTER UF Petit Tranchet Arrowhead YOKE (HUMAN) SN An arrowhead which has a straight cutting edge. TOOTH PICK CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN An object used to pick the teeth with. BT ARROWHEAD CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES TRANSVERSE END SCRAPER BT WASHING AND CLEANSING ITEM SN An end scraper made on a flake that is wider TOOTHBRUSH than it is long. (Source: SARC) SN A small brush used fro cleaning teeth. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT END SCRAPER BT WASHING AND CLEANSING ITEM TRAP TORC SN An object used to catch animals. UF Wrist Torc CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN A necklace or armband made of metal. BT HUNTING OBJECT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES NT HAWK TRAP BT JEWELLERY TRAPEZE MICROLITH NT BAR TORC RT HOARD SN A microlith retouched to a trapezium shape. (Source: SARC) Tortoise Core CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE LEVALLOIS CORE BT MICROLITH Torus TRAY USE COLUMN SN A thin flat board or plate usually with a raised edge on which things can be carried. TOUCHSTONE CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION SN A stone used to test how genuine an object is by BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER rubbing the object against the stone, particularly CL CONTAINER used for testing gold and silver. BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT TRENAIL TOY UF Trunnel SN An item designed to be played with by children. SN A wooden cylinder or dowel used for pinning CL SPORTS AND GAMES planks or timbers together. NT DOLL CL UNASSIGNED PUPPET BT FASTENING SPINNING TOP TRENCHER Tranchet Axe SN A shallow dish or plate used to serve main meals USE TRANCHET AXEHEAD off or to serve sweetmeats, these usually being TRANCHET AXEHEAD painted with devices and riddles. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION UF Tranchet Axe BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER SN A chisel ended flaked axehead common in the CL CONTAINER Mesolithic. BT FOOD SERVING CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT AXEHEAD Trenching Tool TRANCHET FLAKE USE ENTRENCHING TOOL SN Characteristic waste flakes struck off in the TRIAL PIECE manufacture of adzes. UF Motif Piece CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING SN Piece of work to test eventual pattern, sometimes BT DEBITAGE small and used as a demonstration of crafter's RT FLAKE skill. TRANSPORT CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING SN Objects used or associated with the movement of TRIANGLE goods or people. SN A triangle of metal which, when struck, produces CL TRANSPORT a note. NT ICE SKATE CL MUSIC MINERS CAGE BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 120 TRIANGULAR ARROWHEAD BT JUG SN A three-cornered arrowhead. TRIPOD VESSEL CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS SN A container with three legs. BT ARROWHEAD CL CONTAINER NT BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD BT CONTAINER 121 head, sometimes enamelled, and resembling the BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT mouth of a trumpet. TUYERE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A clay cone, part of a furnace. BT BOW BROOCH CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT TRUNK TWEEZERS SN A large strong case or box used to contain objects for storage or transport. SN A set of small pincers used for gripping and CL CONTAINER plucking. BT STORAGE CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT Trunnel CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES USE TRENAIL BT PERSONAL GROOMING AND HYGIENE ITEM TUB TWIST AUGER SN A low, wide, open container. SN An auger bit which creates its hole by drilling into CL CONTAINER the material. BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT AUGER Tuba USE TRUMPET TWIST BIT SN A drill bit used in metal and wood working. TUFA CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN A rock-like deposit consisting largely of calcium BT DRILLING EQUIPMENT carbonate, formed by the precipitation of calcium carbonate out of calcium-rich water bodies such Twist Gimlet as springs. USE GIMLET CL ECOFACTS Two Handled Bowl BT DEPOSIT USE DOUBLE HANDLED BOWL TUMBLER SN (Source: MPRG) SN A flat bottomed drinking vessel with no handle or TWO-PIECE COLCHESTER BROOCH stem. CL CONTAINER SN Derived from the Colchester in the mid to late 1st BT DRINKING VESSEL century, particularly in south and east Britain. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION Characterized by the attachment of the separate BT DRINKING VESSEL spring and pin through two holes in a lug behind the head, which projects to form a crest atop the TUMBREL bow. SN A balance for weighing coins. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL MEASUREMENT BT COLCHESTER BROOCH BT BALANCE TYG TUNIC SN A drinking vessel with two or more handles. SN Clothing worn on the upper body. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT DRINKING VESSEL BT OUTERWEAR CL CONTAINER BT DRINKING VESSEL TUNING PEG UF Harp Peg TYMPANUM Harp Tuning Peg SN The vertical recessed face of a pediment, often SN The peg of a stringed instrument which, when decorated with sculpture. tightened or loosened, tunes the string of the CL ARCHITECTURE instrument. BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT CL MUSIC TYRE BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT SN A metal or pneumatic rubber rim to a wheel. TURBAN CL TRANSPORT SN Headwear where a band of material is wound BT VEHICLE COMPONENT around a cap. Tyre Hoop CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT HEADWEAR USE WHEEL TURF CUTTER Umbo SN A tool with a handle and curved blade designed USE SHIELD BOSS to cut through grass sods. UMBRELLA CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN A folding circular cover on a stick held in the BT CULTIVATION OBJECT hand for protection against rain. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES 122 BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT VALVE UNASSIGNED WIRE SN Objects which cannot be assigned to any one WORKED OBJECT particular class, or the function of which is UNDERWEAR unknown. SN Clothes worn against the skin and beneath other CL UNASSIGNED clothes. NT ASSEMBLAGE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BATON DE COMMANDEMENT BT CLOTHING BIRD BATH NT CORSET BRASS GARTER BURNT FLINT STOCKING CHAIN CHALK BALL UNGUENT BOTTLE CHOPPING BLOCK SN A container for ointments or perfume. CLOTHES HANGER CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES COGWHEEL BT COSMETIC ARTICLE COMMEMORATIVE OBJECT CL CONTAINER CORD BT COSMETIC CONTAINER COUNTER CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY CUPPED PEBBLE BT MEDICAL CONTAINER DISC DODECAHEDRON UNGUENT POT DRESS FASTENER (UNKNOWN) SN A container for ointments or perfume. ENGRAVED OBJECT CL CONTAINER EXPENDED AMMUNITION BT MEDICAL CONTAINER FASTENING FERRULE UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT FRAME SN An item that cannot be identified. Use more HANDLE specific term, if possible. HOARD CL UNASSIGNED IMPRESSED OBJECT UPRIGHT CANDLESTICK INGOT INLAY SN A candlestick in which the socket is above a drip INSCRIBED OBJECT tray or grease tray, placed on a pedestal base LID which is generally hollow. There may be a LOG vertical loop handle and one or more secondary LUG (HANDLE) drip trays. (Source: MPRG) MINIATURE OBJECT CL HEATING AND LIGHTING MODEL BT CANDLESTICK MOUNT Urinal (Chamber Pot) NET NOZZLE USE CHAMBER POT OAKUM URINAL (MEDICAL) PAGE HOLDER SN A medical container for collecting urine for study. PERFORATED OBJECT CL MEDICINE AND PHARMACY PETROGLYPH BT MEDICAL CONTAINER PLAQUE CL CONTAINER POLE BT MEDICAL CONTAINER PRONG RING URN RING MONEY (NON CURRENCY) SN A vase-like receptacle, especially a large bulbous ROD one with a foot. ROPE CL CONTAINER RUBBLE NT BICONICAL URN SCULPTURE BIPARTITE URN SHADOW BOX COLLARED URN SHERD CORDONED URN SPOUT TRIPARTITE URN SPRING STAKE VALVE STAVE SN A device controlling the passage of liquids or STOPPER gases. TAP CL UNASSIGNED TENT TEXTILE VALVE (MUSIC) TIME CAPSULE SN A device allowing a variable amount of air 123 through in a single direction which varies the note NT AMPHIBIAN REMAINS produced. BIRD REMAINS CL MUSIC EGG SHELL BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT COMPONENT FISH REMAINS Vambrace HUMAN REMAINS USE ARM GUARD MAMMAL REMAINS REPTILE REMAINS VASE VERVEL SN A vessel used as an ornament, often to hold flowers. SN A metal ring which joins the jess to the leash. The CL CONTAINER owner's name is often on the vervel. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT VAT BT HAWKING EQUIPMENT SN A large container for holding or storing liquids. VESSEL CL CONTAINER SN Use specific form where known. BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER CL CONTAINER VAULT SPRINGER RT BASE SHERD SN The impost, or point at which a vault rests upon BODY SHERD its support, and from which it seems to spring. RIM SHERD Hence the term describes the bottom stone of a SHERD vault, which lies on the impost. VESSEL COMPONENT CL ARCHITECTURE SN Parts which make up a maritime vessel. BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT CL TRANSPORT RT KEYSTONE VOUSSOIR NT WATER CRAFT COMPONENT VEHICLE Vessel Lid USE LID SN A means of transportation. CL TRANSPORT VICE NT AIRCRAFT SN An appliance for holding an object while work is BICYCLE done on it, usually has a pair of jaws. LAND VEHICLE CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT MOTOR VEHICLE BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT WATER CRAFT VINAIGRETTE VEHICLE COMPONENT SN A small container for an aromatic substance, eg SN Parts which make up a vehicle. perfume. CL TRANSPORT CL CONTAINER NT AIRCRAFT COMPONENT BT COSMETIC CONTAINER AXLE AXLE CAP VIOLIN ENGINE SN A stringed instrument usually played with a bow. LINCH PIN CL MUSIC PISTON BT BOWED STRING INSTRUMENT TYRE VEHICLE FITTING Visor WHEEL USE HELMET VEHICLE FITTING VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS SN Any non structural fitting on a vehicle. SN Objects used to transmit a definite message CL TRANSPORT through a visual non written means, includes BT VEHICLE COMPONENT stamps and matrices to create these. NT CART FITTING CL VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS CHARIOT FITTING NT ALDIS LAMP VEIL VOTIVE MODEL SN Light material used to cover the face or head. SN A dedicated or consecrated offering. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL RELIGION OR RITUAL BT HEADWEAR BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT VERTEBRATE REMAINS VOTIVE TANK SN Remains of any of the groups of animals SN A container for holding votive offerings. characterized by having a bony or cartilaginous CL RELIGION OR RITUAL spinal column (backbone) and a well developed BT SACRIFICIAL OR LIBATIONAL OBJECT brain. CL CONTAINER CL ECOFACTS BT RELIGIOUS OR RITUAL CONTAINER BT ANIMAL REMAINS VOUSSOIR 124 SN A wedge shaped stone used in an arch. WALL HOOK CL ARCHITECTURE SN A hook with a spiked tang which allows it to be BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT driven into a vertical surface. RT KEYSTONE CL UNASSIGNED VAULT SPRINGER BT HOOK WAGER CUP WALL PAINTING SN A cup offered as a prize in a contest. UF Fresco CL CONTAINER Mural BT CONTAINER 125 CL CONTAINER OAR BT PERSONAL HYGIENE CONTAINER PADDLE CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES RIGGING SPACER BT WASHING AND CLEANSING ITEM ROWLOCK WATER DROPPER WASTE SN A tube to produce drops of liquid. SN Any by-product which cannot be reused. CL CONTAINER CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER BT BY PRODUCT WATER PIPE (ARCHITECTURAL) WASTE DEPOSIT SN A pipe allowing the passage of water through it SN Use for deposits representing material discarded and designed only for this. or remaining as a result of a process or CL ARCHITECTURE processes. BT PIPE (ARCHITECTURAL) CL ECOFACTS RT WATER PIPE COLLAR BT DEPOSIT WATER PIPE (SMOKING) WASTER SN A pipe used for smoking where the smoke SN An object which has been rejected eg due to passes through water. being misshapen, spoilt etc. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING BT PIPE (SMOKING) BT INDUSTRIAL BY PRODUCT WATER PIPE COLLAR WATCH SN A ring, flange or short piece of pipe, made of iron, SN A portable timepiece capable of being worn on clay or other materials, used to join and seal two the wrist or carried in a pocket. sections of water pipe. CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT PERSONAL ACCESSORY BT FITTING CL MEASUREMENT RT WATER PIPE (ARCHITECTURAL) BT TIME MEASURING INSTRUMENT WATERING CAN WATCH GLASS SN A container, usually metal, used to water plants. SN A concave glass dish used to hold material for CL CONTAINER observation or experimentation; so named for its BT HORTICULTURAL CONTAINER resemblance to the disc covering the face of a watch. WATERING POT CL CONTAINER SN A container, usually ceramic, used to water BT SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL CONTAINER plants. WATER COOLER CL CONTAINER BT HORTICULTURAL CONTAINER SN A container used to assist in cooling water. CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION Waterlain Silt BT COOLER USE ALLUVIUM CL CONTAINER BT COOLER WATERLOGGED SAMPLE SN A sample taken from waterlogged conditions. WATER CRAFT CL ECOFACTS SN Any vehicle/craft used for transportation on BT SAMPLE water. CL TRANSPORT WEAPON BT VEHICLE SN An object used in combat to attack or cause NT BOAT damage to an opponent. CANOE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS CORACLE NT EDGED WEAPON SHIP EXPLOSIVE WEAPON WATER CRAFT COMPONENT PERCUSSIVE WEAPON PROJECTILE WEAPON SN Any part of a maritime vessel. Use more specific term where known. WEAPON AND AMMUNITION CONTAINER CL TRANSPORT SN A holder for weapons, explosives and BT VESSEL COMPONENT ammunition. NT SHIPS TIMBER CL CONTAINER BT CONTAINER 126 PRIMING HORN measure the weight of another object. QUIVER CL MEASUREMENT SCABBARD NT APOTHECARY WEIGHT SHEATH BALANCE WEIGHT RT AMMUNITION COIN WEIGHT GOLD WEIGHT Weather Cock LETTER WEIGHT USE WEATHER VANE STEELYARD WEIGHT WEATHER VANE THATCH WEIGHT WOOL WEIGHT UF Weather Cock SN An object with a broad enough blade which WELL catches the wind and so is pushed until it shows SN A shaft sunk into the ground to reach the water the direction the wind is blowing in. level. CL MEASUREMENT CL ARCHITECTURE WEAVING BATTEN BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT UF Weaving Stick WELL WINDER Weaving Sword SN The windlass used to wind rope around to raise SN A flat blade used to beat the weft against the and lower the bucket in a well. newly woven cloth in weaving. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT Wheat USE WHEAT GRAIN WEAVING COMB SN A toothed comb used to beat the weft against the WHEAT GRAIN cloth in weaving. UF Wheat CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SN Remains of wheat (Triticum sp.) grain BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT (caryopyses). These grains are sometimes itemised separately. Weaving Stick CL ECOFACTS USE WEAVING BATTEN BT CEREAL GRAIN Weaving Sword WHEEL USE WEAVING BATTEN UF Hub WEAVING TABLET Hub Cap Hub Lining SN An object used in tablet weaving to control the Nave Band shed. Strake CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Tyre Hoop BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT SN A circular frame or disc arranged to revolve on Wedding Ring an axle and used to facilitate the motion of a vehicle. USE MARRIAGE RING CL TRANSPORT WEDGE BT VEHICLE COMPONENT SN An object, usually wood or metal used to force WHEELBARROW open or keep open another object. Often used to SN A wheeled open box for carrying loads. split timber by striking the thick end and forcing CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT the wood apart. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT WHEELLOCK MUSKET WEEDING HOOK SN A musket where a wheel on the lock is wound back and when the trigger is pulled the wheel SN A small cutting hook on a long handle. moves dragging pieces of iron pyrites over the CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT lock tocreate sparks and set powder in the pan BT CUTTING EQUIPMENT off and so firing the main charge. CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE CL ARMOUR AND WEAPONS BT CULTIVATION OBJECT BT MUSKET WEFT BEATER WHETSTONE UF Pin Beater UF Hone Thread Picker SN A stone used for sharpening edged tools, knives SN A cigar shaped implement used to release knots etc. and tangles in weaving. CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BT SHARPENING EQUIPMENT BT TEXTILE EQUIPMENT WHIP WEIGHT UF Camel Whip SN An object used to weigh something down or to Cattle Whip 127 Horse Whip Window Frame SN A stick or rod with an attached lash. Window Grille CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT Window Moulding Window Sill WHIPPING POST SN An opening within a structure to allow air and SN A post to which the offender is tied to be light in and or to allow a sight outside or inside. whipped. CL ARCHITECTURE CL PUNISHMENT AND RESTRAINT BT ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT WHIPPING TOP Window Bar SN A circular toy which spins on a point. Can be kept USE WINDOW spinning by whipping with a lash. CL SPORTS AND GAMES Window Came BT SPINNING TOP USE CAME WHISTLE WINDOW COVERING SN A small edge blown instrument with no finger SN An item hung over a window, usually can be holes, producing one note. open or shut to allow light in. CL MUSIC CL FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE BT EDGE BLOWN WIND INSTRUMENT BT FURNISHING NT BLIND WICK CURTAIN SN A twisted fibre which is immersed in wax, WINDOW FITTING grease or oil except for one end which is lit. CL HEATING AND LIGHTING UF Window Furniture BT IGNITING ACCESSORY SN An object attached to a window which is removable. WIG CL FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN An artifical head of hair worn to disguise NT DEADLIGHT baldness, for adornment, for ceremonial or theatrical use etc. Window Frame CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES USE WINDOW BT HEADWEAR Window Furniture WIG CURLER USE WINDOW FITTING SN An object designed to add curls to a wig. WINDOW GLASS CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES BT HAIR CARE EQUIPMENT SN Glass used within a window, usually to protect from the elements, can permit a view through it or WIGWAM can be for decorative purposes. SN A tent especially one made of bark, rushes or CL ARCHITECTURE skins spread over a set of arched poles that are BT ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT lashed together. NT PAINTED GLASS (WINDOW) CL UNASSIGNED STAINED GLASS (WINDOW) BT TENT Window Grille WIND INSTRUMENT USE WINDOW UF Mouthpiece Window Lead Reed Cap SN An instrument where vibrating air is confined by USE CAME a tube. Use narrower terms where known. Window Moulding CL MUSIC USE WINDOW BT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 128 SN A drinking vessel, made of glass, designed WOOD WORKING WASTE expressly to be used for the consumption of wine. SN waste resulting from the working of wood or CL FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION associated with a carpenter's workshop. BT DRINKING VESSEL CL MANUFACTURE AND PROCESSING CL CONTAINER BT MANUFACTURING DEBRIS BT DRINKING VESSEL Wool Comb WINESKIN USE CARDER SN A flexible container, usually leather, for the WOOL WEIGHT storage and transportation of wine. SN A weight used for the measurement of wool. CL CONTAINER CL MEASUREMENT BT FOOD AND LIQUID STORAGE CONTAINER BT WEIGHT Wing Flanged Axehead WORKED OBJECT USE FLANGED AXEHEAD SN An object showing signs of being worked. Use WINGED AXEHEAD more specific term where known. UF End Winged Axehead CL UNASSIGNED Median Winged Axehead NT CARVED OBJECT SN A form of bronze axehead of middle or late WRAP Bronze Age date in which narrow, high flanges SN A garment used to wrap around a person. on both faces are hammered over to enclose the axe haft. Some types feature a side loop to CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES further assist hafting. BT OUTERWEAR CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT WRENCH BT AXEHEAD SN A tool with adjustable jaws for gripping and WINNOWER turning objects. SN A device for separating grain from chaff by CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT means of a wind or current of air. BT GRIPPING EQUIPMENT CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE WRIST BAND BT THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT SN A band worn around the wrist as a bracelet. WINNOWING BASKET CL DRESS AND PERSONAL ACCESSORIES SN A large, flattish basket used in winnowing the BT CLOTHING ACCESSORY chaff from the grain. Wrist Clasp CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE USE SLEEVE CLASP BT THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT CL CONTAINER Wrist Guard BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION USE ARM GUARD CONTAINER Wrist Torc WINNOWING FAN USE TORC SN A fan used to create an air current to separate grain from chaff. WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE SN An object used in the transmission of the written BT THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT word or drawn image. CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS WINNOWING FORK NT DRAWING SET SN A large fork with wide spaces between its tines, INK used to throw grain etc into a breeze to separate INK BOTTLE grain from chaff. INK SPOON CL AGRICULTURE AND SUBSISTENCE INK STAND BT THRESHING AND WINNOWING OBJECT INK STONE WINNOWING TRAY INKWELL LAP DESK SN A tray for separating grain from chaff. PAINT BRUSH CL CONTAINER PAPER BT FOOD GATHERING AND PREPARATION PAPER WEIGHT CONTAINER PARCHMENT PRICKER WIRE PEN PENCIL SN A metal thread. QUILL CL UNASSIGNED SANDSHAKER WITCH BOTTLE SEALING WAX SN A bottle for the confinement of evil spirits. STYLUS CL RELIGION OR RITUAL WRITING BRUSH 129 WRITING SLATE SN A tool used to twist fibres together to create WRITING TABLET yarn. Writing Box CL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USE LAP DESK YOKE (ANIMAL) WRITING BRUSH UF Yoke Terminal SN A brush used in writing. SN A crosspiece fastened over the necks of two or CL WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS more animals, often oxen, and attached to the BT WRITING AND DRAWING EQUIPMENT plough or cart to be drawn. CL ANIMAL EQUIPMENT Writing Cabinet BT HARNESS USE LAP DESK YOKE (HUMAN) WRITING CONTAINER SN A frame shaped to fit around the neck and SN A container holding materials used in writing. shoulders of a person for carrying buckets. CL CONTAINER Usually made of wood. BT CONTAINER 130