Volume 18 Part 9 Orth American, Flora

VOLUM E 1 8 PA RT 9

TH M RI A O R A E C N , FLO RA

(PO AL E S) (CYPE RACE AE )

SCIRPEAE (CO N TIN UATIO )

H E NRY KNUT SVE NSO N

ubsc i i P i S r p t on r ce ,

a i s Separ te C op e ,

PU BL ISHED BY

THE N E W YO RK BOTAN ICAL GARD E N

I ss d m 5 1 9 7 u e N ove ber , 5

i 2 c i r e * S e a . Revi sed Key to Tr be . p

B Y HE N RY K N UTE SVE N SO N

i b i Scales of the spikelet spi rally m r cate . l B ase of the sty le not en arged . i al Scales of th e spikelet not s u btended by nner sc es . — b a u th e b i l h 1 8 . S cal es u su ally not mem r no s , r st es , w en present , i i l i l i l ac . Br st es s mp e , somet mes k ng - m le i nco ta . Bri stles wi th plate like thi ckenings ( exc ept i n F . p ) Scal b a u i h a i l l a c i i the es mem r no s , w t spre d ng or oose y s end ng t ps , - bri stles u su ally nu merou s and silky elongate . E ach i l - cal u b b an i c l u i a sp ke et s e s tended y nner , ommon y r d ment ry , i hy al ne scale . l B ase of th e sty le en arged . — i as a ub cl Style base pers stent t er e . i i S cal l ab u i l l a i a th e l a cu l . es g ro s ; sp ke et so t ry , term n t ng e ﬂess m al u i l l l Sc es p besc ent ; sp ke ets rare y so ita ry . — i b i b Sty le base dec du ou s ; r stl es a sent . - S cales of th e spi kelet 2 ranked .

i b l A B I L D GAA RD I A . B ase of th e sty l e not pers stent as a tu erc e .

i u l E L O C H A RI . B ase of th e sty l e pers stent as a t berc e . E S

2 F I RE N A R t b D escr 1 . U o t . . l o . 70 . 77 . 3

n S n Pl . 1 0 . 1 805 . Va i ar i a . : 7 g Pers y .

M l u c i al a l a u a la cca i all i u u or e or ess p bes ent perenn ( r re y nn l ) p nts , o s on y w th t bero s

i u l u ll l a a l an ia i a - ﬂower ed c . C u a d thi kened rh zomes ms s y e fy, ng ed str te , w th m ny terete i n i i l al an a l a lu . cal a l i ca a . S a . spikelets term n d xi l ry c sters S es sp r y mbri te , wned t men s 3

- l ci u u P l i i l i u uall cal -li S 3 c . a a l s x tyle eft , de d o s eri nth norm y of br st es , the nner three s y s e ke and a an a at a A l i u i d . c a c inﬂ ted ov te the pex hene sh rp y tr gono s , whitened , be om ng brown

a u l i a a as l as bo ac . when m t re , often p ro onged nto slender be k ong the dy of the hene

ci u ll t Type sp e es , F . mbe a a Rottb .

L a u c h a h i h e ves red ed to s e t s w t ou t blades . u l l a C ms e fy . i a h 6 l l - h i l Per nt of s ender retrorse y toot ed br st es . h i b i l cal th e i a h a - hi c at th e a T ree nner r st es ( s es) of per nt ov te t kened pex , an d u u all awn - i s y t pped . Th ree ou ter b ri stles c api lla ry to ﬁli fo rm ( sometimes enlarged i n the i l i n m l ex s i . m dd e F . p ) Scal the S i l i h h l c u c i es of p ke et w t s ort ( 1 mm . ong) ere t m ro ; sp ke

l c . bu s ta . ets ere t 3 . F . ro Scales of th e spikel et wi th a long ﬁli form awn ; spikelets spreadi ng r e ﬁ exed or . a the ach hi i ub c awn i al Be k of ene sp d to p es ent ; term n . Beak of the achene glabrou s ; awn ri si ng from below th e apex th of e s ca le . h u b i l l ac i i a h - cal a l i l T ree o ter r st es k ng ; per nt s es ne r y sess e . i a h - cal b a u i h a l cu a i n Per nt s es mem r no s , w t s ender re rved p ca l aw . — Pe r i an h scales spongy thi ckened at the apex ; api cal bri stl e u su ally l a ltm c g .

1 i s - . u ci r o id ea i Fl B F M . A m 1 1 . . 8 . 80 . rena p chx or . : 3 3

Va i nari a Ri char di S n Pl 1 . . . : 7 0 . 1 805 g Pers y . ? u i rena lon ha m F a C . l . S S . . 4 g . . 3 . 5 1 . 1 89 7 . A alachi cola l i a F p U ed ( pp , F or d . )

P a e l a a c cu l c 2— dm all erenni l with ong te , woody, horizont l rootsto ks ; ms ere t , 6 . t , the a a 2— n l 3 cm . n l u i le ves represented by loose she ths lo g ; spike ets termi a , cl stered or somet mes — li a 5 12 - so t ry . l u c cal i a u u la uc a cal , mm ong , the p bes ent s es w th short , s b te m ro ; peri nth s es c a 1 l . a 1 . l ac ecom with thi kened, ov te body ( mm ong , not wned) with stipe mm ong ; hene b i n a l lac a u g ne r y b k when m t re , the somewhat hispid beak slightly longer than the s cales ; i l uali a br st es eq ng the stip e ; nthers mm . long .

S e e 4 p . 7 9 . E 1 8 [V OL U M , 5 06 N O RTH AMERICAN FLO RA

: l i a . TYPE LOCALITY F or d 0 a u a a uba ‘ h e c a al l a L , C DISTRIBUTION Swamps an d pineland ; on t o st p in , Georgi to o isi n I ( Pi n c e l — 1 3 S all M an . 8 . l . 5 - 7 la Ill . C . , ; m , 1 : l . C yp p Am . , Fl . . ; Ii L iJ S TRAiiON S : M i chx . Bor p rke f

PI 1 7 2 . E . S .

1 2 1 84 . 2 1 07 . as . : 2 Fu i a i c m l a N es i M a . Fl . B . ren n o p et e n rt r

lu ca i c . 1 84 7 . ) Li a a 1 9 : 69 . ( , F u i r ena hexachae ta Schlecht . nn e To Mex o

— all l a a ff P i c cul l 4 6 drn . t ; e ves n row , sti , erenni al with c reep ng rootsto ks ; ms s ender , r — — — i i c c a 6 1 0 spikelets In a 2 l 2 5 mm . w e nﬂores en e of dense he ds of 5 1 cm . d ; pubes cent , ong , — l ar i state ubescent ca cl l i cl i l 8 12 mm . long ob ong , the , p s es not ose y termin al pan e ; sp ke ets , l . ual c h i l u uall 6 l l a , i i appressed ; br st es s y , s ender , retrorse y b rbed eq ng or ex eed ng the s ort

l . beaked achene ; anthers 2 mm . ong i l : a a . TYPE LOCALITY Goy z , Br z

h ca . DISTRIBUTION : Wet places : Mexic o ; Gu atemal a ; Pan ama ; Sou t Ameri

6 7 . 8 . I l . 5 C ll . I L L U S TRA TI O N s : la . C rke , yp p , f ,

18 7 3 . E m l 2 : 18 5 . F u P . u u s u . 3 . irena rob ta K nth , n

1 1 842 a i l . F a . 2 1 08 . . ui r n h ns Li l i n a . l . F e a ba i e i s nd . Nees ; Nees M rt Br s : ( Br z )

l . 2 5 . ah a a u r n n 1 6 . 1 85 i e a Iati oli a S u . S . C . F f te d y yp ( B i , Br zi ) l a 1 8 7 1 . u H ba a 8 : 82 . C a i . a l . c . C u i r e na s chi z h ll W i h i n Sau v . a F op y a . r g t An A d n ( V e t de b ba Cu a . A j o . )

T ll ial ul i c 1—2 hi 4—5 a l l a u u a , erect perenn ; c ms th k , spongy , m . gh , ng ed ; e ves n mero s ,

lab u i h h i i —1 l 1—2 cm c l l ca u la 5 0 m . l . g ro s , w t s ort , th k , s ght y s bro s b des c ong , most y wide ; i - i h — l i n a illa and i al c u u l a i u c 5 1 0 . sp ke ets x ry term n ompo nd mbe s , gr y sh p bes ent or brown s , mm l acu the a cal i i a u u c i a - cal i i a ong , te , ppressed s es t pped w th short , sto t m ro ; per nth s es st p t te , b a and i c a i a at the a i l l a l uali the the ody ov te th kened , r st te pex ; br st es s ender , ne r y eq ng cal u uall h i a la u a l ac a 1 . s es , s y smooth ; ene w th g bro s short be k ; nthers mm . ong

: S u h a i l TYPE LOCALITY o t ern Br z . Cuba a am a a C l l L H Bai le 2 a a . . 5 6 Su i a a i l DISTRIBUTION ; P n ( B rro o or do Is nd , y ) r n me ; Br z . I Cla I : ll . . l . 5 , Cyp 9 . 1 2 . LLUSTRATION rke p , f

- 4 . u s u s B F M . F Am 1 . . . : 3 7 . 1 80 irena q arro a ichx l or 3 .

“ u i r ena hi s i d E a ll . . S . . Ga 1 . 2 : 5 7 9 . 1 8 1 Hi h i F p Bot C . ( g r dges between th e Flint and Chat tahoochi e i R vers , u i r e n a u m i la S S 1 . . 2 . L Y 7 . 1 82 p ; : 3 5 . la F Torr preng y st ( ong Is nd , N . . ) u i r e na s u ar r os a u mi la . C 4 . 2 . 6 1 8 F q B p Torr omp 6 . u i r ena Tor r e ana 4 c . . 29 S . 1 83 F y Be k , Bot U . 3 . u i r e na s u ar r os a var hi s i d . ha m a C . Fl . S . . 4 S . 5 1 . 1 8 60 F q p p U . u i r e na s u ar r os a var . br evi s e ta C i ll l C u l . lu b 1 7 : 6 . 1 89 F q ov e , B Torrey 0 . u i r e na brevi s e ta C i ll H a u l C ; l . l u b 28 : 4 6 6 . 1 9 1 F ov e rper , B Torrey 0 .

ial 1 ll . a i h P , , a c i ul u c erenn to m t w t short , reep ng or b bo s rootsto k , or becoming dwarfed and a ual var um i l - ( . p a ) ; cu l l a a l la u nn ms s ender , m ny ng ed , g bro s to hi spid ; leaves and h a a l la u l i i 2— 7 s e ths ne r y g bro s to dense y h sp . i la 2 d l d , mm w de , the b des to m . ong ; spikelets 2- 8 5—1 5 , . l in ua ca i g , , a i al a illa cl u mm on sq rrose p t te term n or x ry sters , the spreading awns the hi i cal i i a h- - of sp d s es prom nent ; per nt scales long ari state at the apex ; bri stles from very h as l g as the cal s ort to on s es , smooth to retrorsely toothed ; matu re achene dark brown , i h a l i l hi i w t on g prom nent y sp bea sometimes nearl glabro u s i n var u i l nther s d k y . p m a ; a l mm . ong .

P : i a TY E LOCALITY Georg . - : a ach u h I , la Y STRI UTION M ss setts o e s n , ew or , ew Jerse D el w re M r n D B R d I d N k N , a a a la d y , y , g a a and O lah m a chi Vir ini to Tex s k o ( eﬂy on the coastal pl ain Kentu ck ) , i chi an i a n y , M g , n na , a d Illm o ns u ba W I d ; C ( estern C u ba and sl e of ines u erto i o I P ) ; P R c . IL L U S TRATI O E ll s . S . . C . Ga l . 1 Bot . . 3 u l l p , ; . Cl u b 1 7 : l 8 — y . 9 B orre . 3 6 f p . T , M ‘ ; ep . . U S 1 9 1 R N . 0 : A a M an f J y , . 6 d 3 06 B n t Gr f t. B Il l . F l . 2 1 rown , ed . . 3 3 8 _ f _ : N h a the la b c m a u al var . u mi la OTE Nort w rd p nts e o e nn ( p ) with m ore Sl en an d l a b l and cal a an der e ong te , d a l hi i s m rist es s e set e ess sp d ( o e ti m e s a ly lab u l ne r g ro s ) sty e . a i i th e y i c al u h la are u m Tr ns t ons to t p so t ern p nt n erou s . Y PART 9, 1 957] C PERACEAE

2 1 7 8 F i im l V l E clo : 8 . 9 . 5 . u s . rena p ex ah , g

i S u h ca . btu si r h E l 2 8 . u n 8 . 1 79 F i r e i a o o a a l c o . : ﬂ V , g ( o t Amer )

L 3 : 29 1 . 1 83 6 . a a ? u r en s u rr s a ari s tu lata . c . . Y . F i a q a o e ( ) Torr . Ann y N ( Ark ns s ) i hi l a u c . P . 2 1 83 . 1 83 7 . u i r ena S c edecm a u h E u . : F K nt , n m ( Ver Cr z , Mex o )

u tu l t n 2 1 5 5 . n r S . C . 1 7 . 8 F i r e a a i s a a Steu d . y yp h i l Clu b 1 1 8 7 1 884 u i r ena s u ar r os a var . macr os tac a u l . : . . F q y Br tton , B Torrey i i u i r e n r 2 San Lu i c . Béi k ah b . 7 7 . 1 886 . ena r e s c . . 7 : F p Bot J ( s Potos , Mex o ) 1 4 9 m C C . i r en a s i l ex m s t c h i ll u ll lu b . 1 8 0 u acr o a a . 7 : F p f . y ov e, B Torrey 1 9 D A n u u i ren a c li ndr i cal u h i u i . a . 6 : 9 1 . 1 05 . a a F y B s , M sso r Bot G rd Rep ( on Co nty , N ew i i c an ab a babl a h l c c ll c . M ex o ; err nt , pro y p t o og o e tion ) i i r en c i l t 1 9 5 S h u a . u a i a a u h i u i . a . 1 6 : 9 7 . 0 . F B s , M sso r Bot G rd . Rep ( m t Co nty , Tex s ) Not l ci i ata L e r i e u r S u . 1 8 5 5 . F . p ex te d

u r n 9 . al a i e a a an l i n R b . a l . . ca . 43 : 50 . 1 7 u u a ala 0 . z ca a a o . c F p B rt ett B rt Pro Am A d ( G n , G tem ) u i r e na r mi e 1 2 t C li i W . 8 5 . 1 93 3 . a a a a. i ra E . . . : F p M . Jones , Contr Bot , e dese ( B j forn )

P a i a i u i cca i all u - a i c u a l erenni l w th l gneo s , creep ng, o s on y t ber be r ng rootsto k ; c lms ng ed ,

ll l a — l —2 —1 i u ua 1 8 dm . a l a 5 cm 0 . a a u slender , s y e ong te , t l ; e ves 3 . long , 3 mm w de , ne rly gl bro s “ l i i — —1 2 i n u 2 8 6 0 . var s ar to dense y hisp d ; sp kelets , 5 mm . long ( mm . in q

ca i a i al a illa clu a i a s ca rose , p t te term n or x ry sters , the long , spre d ng wn of the hispid s les

: i a - cal - a a i a u a cal awn l prominent per nth s es long stipit te , the inﬂ ted body w th s b pi ; brist es

a c i ca a u - wn a shorter th n o r ex eed ng the s les ; m t r e achene yellowish bro , the long, somewh t

c a la u a thi kened be k g bro s ; nther s 1 mm . long .

: ai a Chi ca u la TYPE LOCALITY B , Venez e : b a a an d i u i u h O lah a and a i c i i h DISTRIBUTION N e r sk M sso r , so t to k om Tex s ; Mex o ; Br t s H u a u a al Cu b i l i th e l i ond r s ; G tem a ; western a ( nc u d ng I s e of P nes) . I L L TRA N 2 i l M u s b 3 2 i 8: U TI O u C u 8 . S s : ll . y l b 1 7 : l . 98 . ; . u l . . : ; B Torre p , f F e d P Bot Br tt 1 1 P 2 1 2 2 1. I. . . 3 3 . . 83 4 a W a h u bl . 5 2 : 9 7 . : 8 . . . Brown , ed f ; C rn Inst s P r t h m aer os ac h a i th l a i l c cu i n a and l a a. N : V a . a O OTE y , form w rge sp ke ets , o rs Tex s k om i li ata u h i i h a m i i . i u c s a u b c h b l ab u a . F B s p es ent form w t smoot r st es , nd nt fro M sso r to Tex s n - n F . zacapa a B artl ett i s an elongate form wi th short s cal e mu c ro a d smooth bri stl es .

i m ll R t D r 1 . t b . esc Ic . 70 . 77 6 . Fu u o 3 rena be at a .

u r e n n u l t 1 i a a i c a a L u l . F p . f . S pp 05 . 1 7 8 1 . u i r ena am t t i h C n H 8 2 W i h i Sau v . al . c Ci aba a : 8 . 1 8 1 . c o r c a . 7 F p r g t An A ad . . n u rena te ti u lm H n 2 ﬁ Li 8 8 de B6 ck . a a 3 1 1 i re c i s l Re l ae k 1 : 1 80 . 1 7 : 1 F Pres , . . , nn e

ca u lc i c . ( A p o , Mex o )

P i al i c cca i all u - a u u ua u erenn w th short , thick rootsto ks , o s on y t ber be ring ; c lms s lly sto t —1 ll — — l —2 6 5 dm . a c 4 a a a ﬂat 7 1 6 m 5 5 . c . ( t ) , ere t , often ngled, with loo se she ths ; le ves , ong , mm

a u a l l a c 1—5 a and u a -a wide , gl bro s or sp ring y pi ose ; p ni les pilose , , termin l in the pper le f xils

- l 6—1 the u u ca a c u acu a 0 . spikelets n mero s in pit te l sters , te , oblong to line r ob ong, mm long,

ca - u a a a u a a - ca s les greenish brown , p bescent , rist te , with spre ding or rec rved wns peri nth s les

a a a u and a uc a i b a al ca cu ne rly sessile , obov te , membr no s tr nsl ent , the pex t pped y f te to re rved ,

a lla a cal a li l l - a u c n c pi ry set ; s es tt e onger than the smooth , short be ked, trigono s a he e ; a 1 nthers mm . long. S i TYPE LOCALITY : u r name . DI STRIB UTION : Meadows and marshes : Mexi co to Panama ; Cuba ; Jamai ca ; Hi spaniol a ; u c u a l u i i a i al S u h i l l i P erto Ri o ; G de o pe to Tr n d d ; trop c o t Amer ca ; O d Wor d trop cs .

i 7 . F u b u lbi e s B l k C U N 2 2 1 22 . . 4 : . 9 . rena p a e , ontr S . at . Herb .

u i rena u mbe llat r u F a va . n u i cu lata Kii ken h R r i t . e e t S . . 2 3 : 200 . 1 926 . l g p . p Nov ( Is e of P nes , Cuba : E kman

C l F . umbellata c ff i ts a a fre losely resemb ing , from whi h it di ers in somewh t inﬂ ted ,

u a -sca are u ua a cu a e a q ently reddish peri nth les , which s lly not pi l t or wned .

i i a D e : . zabal u l a a a. TYPE LOCALITY Cr st n , p I , G tem D I S RI B U TI O N Z Yu catan ; B ri ti sh Hondu ras ; Gu atemala ; western Cuba ( i nclu ding th e Isle of Pm e s§

I : a . . h u bl a . 5 22 : 29 LLUSTRATION C rn Inst W s P . 7 . N : h c i i s babl a i a i u mbe llat i - . a h hi c i a h cal . OTE T is spe es pro y der v t ve of F , w t t kened per nt s es 508 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 18

E i n N ew H E M I CA RPH A N s A d b . 4 . ee rnott , 1 2 18 4 P 6 . s u 7 : 3 3 . hilo . Jo r .

P r 22 8 1 0 i n a . I s le i s rod 1 . 1 o . . . p R Br , p rt l ' Tu a a ual i l cul a at a . L a a fted dw rf nn s w th s ender ms , e fy only the b se e ves simil r to the - l i 1 - a a i cal c u u 1 ﬁlifo r i u al ac . S 3 3 m nvo cr br ts p kes , ov te to ne rly spher , omp osed of n mero s

i all i i ca 2- cal uc i u cal uc a c a ac u and sp r y mbr ted , s ed , red ed sp kelets ; o ter s e m ron te , h rt eo s

u i u n ali i cal u uall i on li ac i u gl t no s , a hy ne nner s e s y pers stent the cy ndri c r h s but freq ently u i l a i l a an 2—cl c li a a . F A bsent or r d ment ry owers with s ng e st men d eft style . hene cy ndric i h i u illa c u a . to ompressed , st dded w t m n te p p e

A u a u 6 ci a i a er u n L i c gen s of bo t spe es , p erh ps ntermedi te between Cyp s a d po arpha. i I l i T c H . s o e . ype spe es , p s N ees

cal u ali and a l c l i he h Inner s e eq ng p rt y en os ng t ac ene . a u ach bl ac c u c the u cal ha M t re ene k , ompressed ; m ro of o ter s e somew t h ha the b the cal s orter t n ody of s e . a u ach a b c li c u c the u cal u h M t re ene d rk rown , y ndri ; m ro of o ter s e m c l ha th e b he onger t n ody of t scale . 0 cal u ch h ha th e ach b l -l b i ﬁd l a Inner s e m s orter t n ene, rist e ike, , or ckin g ; ach c li i c i i c —b h a u . ene y ndr , r des ent rown w en m t re

1 . H em i car h a D ru m m o ndi N s i n M Fl B p ee art . . ras . 1 2 : 62 18 2 . 4 .

H emi car h mi c nth p a a a var . ar i s tu l ata i ll u ll . lu r ov e , B orrey b 2 1 3 6 . 1 894 . Western exas C T C ( T . ) H emi car ha ar i s tu lata S h p a . a . ca . 1 6 : y 1 6 3 . 1 899 m t , Tr ns K ns A d . H emi car ha i n te medi a i i n i p a i Fl . al u Re 3 6 . . 1 90 1 r P per P per Be tt e , P o se g . ( Washington

He mi car h mi h p a c an t a var . dr u mm ondi i i l a . u . . 2 8 : 8 6 0 4 r Fr ed nd, Am Jo r Bot . 1 9 2 . O u ter s cales of the spikelet with a mucro appro aching the l ength of the body of the cal i al l s e ; nner sc e equa ing and enfolding the ﬂattened obovate black achene ver ging , , ( a a by S L : t. u i i u i TYPE LOCALITY o s , M sso r . : W et a y i l : Ohi Lu ca u B ” DISTRIBUTION s nd so o ( s Co nty , ar tley <5 P on ti u s ali i a ) to C forn , O an d Wa hi regon , s ngton .

I : . a M n a . 7 LLUSTRATION S r y , e . . 1 98 . . 3 1 0 i A G d . Ill F ; . l . . 2 . 1 : 4 f Br tt Brown , ed 3 0 . . 83 7 Am . u . 28 ; Jo r Bot . : . 5 6 . f f , 2 H . em i car h a i l i s p d A . G P c Am A d o c c enta ray, ro . . ca . 7 : 391 . 1868 .

S ci pus occi dentali s la u ll , . . S r r r e Kew B e . 8 : 3 0 . 1 9 C k Add 08 . Pla l 1—5 nts on y cm . i u ca h gh ; o ter s les of the spikelet ith a long recurved m cr w , u o ; i cal hyali l i nner s e ne , enfo d ng the brown ( S u ksdorf Falc Vall from on ey ) , nearly cylindric

YPE LOCALITY : Yosemite Valle ali forni a T y , C . DISTRIBUTION : ali i a an d Wa hi C forn s ngton .

: . a M an I y . . . 7 . 1 98 LLUSTRATION S r e . f 31 1 Ab I F A G d ; ii . 1 P . a 1 f c . St' 2 79 M an ' f ’ 671 . Fl P C ’ , . l . li a . 1 57 Jepson f . . 1 5 7 ; . ou r i Bot 2 f Am J . 8 :

S ci rpu s mi c r an thu s ahl E , u . 2 : 2 V n m 54 . 1 805 . S c i r pu s s u bs u arr os u s q u hl . D e scr . a . 3 9 M Gr m . 1 8 1 7 l ( a a . I s o l epi s m i c r an tha Pennsy v ni ) . S S . . Ve . 2 : y st g 1 1 0 . 1 8 1 7 R . I s o le i p s s u bs q uar r os a Sch a . . S ; S . . Ve r y st g . M ant . 2 : 6 4 . 1 824 I sole i s s i i bs zi d R p q ar ros a 3 m i n o r Sch a . . S S r d ; R . y st Ve M H g 6 4 . 1 e mi car ha 824 . p s u bs qu ar r osa i n f a . l ees M rt . Bras z z 6 I s N l f a/epi s c aes i u la L i ebm p . Vi de n sk . Sel sk l . Sk r . V . 2 2 : 3 7 . 1 8 5 1 . ( Mexi co )

Cu l 20 cm ms to . hi h g , becoming uc m h reduced and u sually cu l th re rved toward the northern im ts of e species ; o uter scales not strong i ly uc a i m ron te ; nner scales u suall i u y m n te , subu CY PE A CEAE 5 09 PART 9, 1957] R

a biﬁd u l a ac c l i c c i i c - l te to , mor e freq ent y bsent ; hene y indr , be om ng rides ent brown when u mat re .

TYPE LOCALITY : Sou th Ameri c a . : Sca l cali i ai and S u h O a i l i a a DISTRIBUTION ttered o t es from M ne o t ern nt r o to F or d , westw rd th e a lai i a a a b a a al i n a i c i a Cali to Gre t P ns ( M nnesot , K ns s , Ne r sk ) ; so Tex s , New Mex o , Ar zon , forn i a and Wa hi i c u a al a E l Sal a C a i ca u a l u an d , s ngton ; M ex o ; G tem ; v dor ; ost R ; G de o pe a i i u m i M rt n q e ; South A er ca . I L L U TRA N M n 3 9 i S TI O s : a . Fl . a . l . 4 . 1 ; . ay , a . . 7 . 1 98 . . 0 ; . M rt Br s p , f A Gr ed f Br tt 1 I S 7 M P , 11. F1. . 2 . l : 3 3 9 . . 83 6 b a ll . Fl . Paci f . t. 27 9 . . 6 0 ; an . F1. I. Brown ed f ; A r ms , f Jepson ,

ali 1 2 8 59 . 7 1 57 . . 5 6 S all M an E F1 1 4 1 . u . . : 8 . . . S . . C f f ; m , . ; Am Jo r Bot f

E L E H R I R B r r 22 1 8 1 0 5 . O C A S P od . 4 . . . r .

M ari s cus h 4 c th . 3 5 1 i n a . Moen , Me 0 . 79 , p rt I sole i s P r 2 n . r d . 2 1 . 1 8 1 0 i l a la au h . o a at . p R B r , p rt, e st of ter t ors B u lbos t li s S M é m S oc . N at. . 5 : 5 5 1 8 1 . y teven , . Mose 3 . 7 Cl avu la D m u ort. Fl l 4 2 . Be g . 1 3 . 1 8 7 , i n part . L i mnoc i o m B L estib c N i n i h 1 1 83 4 L i nochloa eau v . . u 7 . sens ees W g t, Contr . Bot . Ind . ; not ex f iél g Chg etoc eru s N Li a a 9 2 4 yp ees , nn e : 89 . 1 83 . S ei r i di u m Li a a 9 29 1 4 : 3 . 83 . p Nees , nn e E leo enu s N Li a 2 4 4 g ees, nn ea 9 : 9 . 1 83 .

Annual o r perennial herbs with leaﬂess scapes ( culms ) frequ ently prolifero u s at the a and a al at a u u u a and a - i pex , with she thing sc es the b se , the ppermost t b l r often with tooth l ke

- c . S s a and a a a ﬂower ed i p roj e tion pikelet olit ry termin l , terete or ﬂ ttened , few o r m ny , w th out a u a Sca all ca i i c u u l ci u u i . s s btending br ct les pir y imbri ted or d st ho s , freq ent y de d o s , w th l l er one or mor e steril e scales at the base of the spikelet ex cept i n the A ci cu ar es . F ower p — - l e . S 2 3 C an a a u cl u c c and u ua fe t ty le left, with enl rged b se ( t ber e) freq ently onstri ted s l y s P a — l 6 i a c 7 per istent on the apex of the achene . eri nth brist es ( somet mes br n hing into

u uc in s and u l ac i . A c u more freq ently red ed ize n mber , or entire y l k ng hen e trigono s to c — C a l S a 1 3 . s a u u a ca c a . bi onvex, mooth o r v rio sly retic l te or n el te t men s reeping or m tted - a ua u 1 50 c . q tic to terrestrial plant s of world wide distribution . Abo t spe ies

lu L E l i lus tr i s L S . Type species : S ci rpus pa s tr is . [ eochar s pa ( . ) R . ]

u a i c u u all c a l a i l li u cu l as hi c as the i Aq t , s y o rse p nts ; sp ke ets not pro fero s ms often t k sp ke l cal ll i h and ca i l a i u l ach all l i cu la c ets ; s es y e ow s rt g no s , not kee ed ; enes norm y ent r ( ex ept i n the a E e lon ata l i h h i all l a cu l u l dw rf . g ) , most y w t strong, or zont y e ong ted s pt re ; sty es — - 2 M u tatae . 3 b a S i 1 . r nched . er es i i call ub i al l a u l li u ach i u Per od y s merged or terrestr p nts ; freq ent y pro fero s ; enes tr gono s , a bl ac th e ub cl c i c at th e ba c u i h the ach l gr y to k , t er e not onstr ted se , onﬂ ent w t ene ; sty e - i 2 P au ci orae . 3 b a h S . r nc ed . er es ﬂ ch b cu l i u the l i u i al i a a b u u c A enes o s re y tr gono s to terete , ong t d n r dges sep r ted y n mero s ross - i A ci cu la es . all u la h S 3 . w s ( trabec e) ; lowest scal e fertil e ; styl e 3 bran c ed . er es r ch th bi c x li i -b h a u ub cl c lamelli A enes smoo , onve , g sten ng rown w en m t re ; t er e ompressed, — i 4 O vataei i l S . l 2 3 b a ch c i a u al a l a . form ; sty e r n ed ; esp tose nn s , r re y perenn er es ch bi c li ac u u li h -blac h a u l 2 -b a ch a u a i c A enes onvex, o v eo s to p rp s k w en m t re ; sty e r n ed ; q t or

S i 5 M acu losae . i . terrestr al . er es a c Stoloni ferou s aqu ati c perenni als ; sheaths scariou s at th e apex ; peri carp m rces ent . e t e Su bseri es O cr a a .

i l Sub i Ri i dae . a u a a l l i u h a h acu at the a . Cesp tose nn s , r re y sto on fero s ; s e t s te pex ser es g ch ll b blac h a u l a u u all l i u i h i c A enes y e ow to rown or k w en m t re ; p nts s y sto on fero s , w t str t , mes l a Palu s tri or . i e ul S i 6 . c . e ong ted, somet m s spongy ms er es f h - P i i h u b i lu s tr es . c b c ll b a u a c l 2 b a c . S a A enes onvex , y e ow or rown ; q t s ; sty e r n ed ser es ch i - h ca A enes tr gonou s ; aqu ati c or terrestri al plants ; styl e 3 branched ; s eaths tru n te . u n t e Subseri es Tr ca a . l a a u a i c i al la ith ca illa u l 4 -a l cu l ach Most y dw rf q t to terrestr p nts w p ry , freq ent y ng ed ms ; enes i u c i n E . mi nu ta var bi color hi a an d h l can tr gono s ( ex ept . ) , w te to gr y smoot to deep y c ll a l -b i i m e 3 a ch . S i Tem ssi a . e te ; sty e r n ed er es 7 . C a chi S u h i ca la Si ila th e Tenu i ssi mae ach h tri o rse efly o t Amer n p nts , m r to ; enes smoot , on hi ll i n ou s blac u u a c 1 . i l h . i S u leatae . a S 8 . g , w te or gr y to k , s y ex eed ng mm engt er es Spec i es of the Atl anti c coast of u nknown affini ty ( perhaps of P au ciflorae) ; achenes tri onou b i l s a . E albida. g , gr y ; r st es red .

i 1 M t a s . u at e s R d 3 1 1 2 1 2 9 9 . S er e Sven on , ho ora : 7 .

u lm ta C s sep te . Septa approximate below the spikelet ; reti cu lation of the achene c a b i l i h t s t n ta . c th e ac . E . i n er i c o rse ; r st es ex eed ng ene 1 . Septa not approximate ; achene nearly smooth ; bri stl es poorly devel

. E e ui setoi des . oped 2 . . q L 18 5 1 0 N ORTH AMERICAN FLO RA [VO UME ,

C u lms not septate . h Cu lms angled ; bri stles wi th teet . — 2 i . u l c a 5 . C ms o rse , mm w de

- lata . C 3 . E . uadran u u lms 4 angled . q g — l Cu lms 3 ang ed . Achene constri cted below th e summi t i nto a neck abou t - one hal f th e width of th e achene . Achene not constri cted bu t prolonged gradu ally i nto a ll u l b a c e ar e k . i u l l c i 2 . . C ms s ender , not ex eed ng mm w de - l i clu i the l ba . e lon ata. ch i u 1 . A enes tr gono s , mm ong ( n d ng sty e se) g — - l i cl u i th e l ba . ch bi c 2 4 . A enes onvex , mm ong ( n d ng sty e se) h - a A chene c onstri cted i nto a neck below t e style b se . — u i a Sty le base ac m n te . S l -ba b a l i a u l a as i as the a ty e se ro d y tr ng r , w de pex of e h th ac ene . ch c i c at the a A ene not onstr ted pex . C u l a l b i l i h u h ms not ng ed ; r st es w t o t teet .

l i i n rs i n V l R s . V . 1 s t t ct . e a . . E eo char ( ah ) S Sy t eg 2 1 1 1 : 49 . 8 7 .

5 . S ci r us lan ta i neus w Fl 2 1 l n ta i neus . 1 78 . O cc . 1 3 . 79 5 . a p p g S . Ind . 7 ; not p g Retz

E . S ci r u s i n ters ti nc tu s ahl u . 2 2 5 1 1 8 5 p V , n m : . 0 1 i l 42 a . 1 8 . L i mn hl t u l t Li i n F a 2 1 00 . oc oa ar i c a a l a . l . . : nd . Nees ; Nees M rt Br s ( Br z ) h E leoc ari s s e tata M i i a 1 5 8 . 43 Su i a e p q . L nn ea 7 : 1 8 . ( r n m )

Cul 4—1 0 dm a u c a a c a roxi o 5 . ms terete , . high , b t mm thi k , sept te , the sept tions be oming pp a l i cau c a s i - a m te be ow the sp kelet ; dex short ; roots o r e , light brown or redd sh brown ; she ths a u u a a a and a membr no s , pointed at the s mmit , the b s l she ths sometimes free elong ted ; sty le

ifid tr ifid a i — a -flowered cal a b 3 4 m . or ; st mens ; spikelets cyl ndric, c long, m ny ; s es in sever l a acu s i a s a - c a s a ca u a ac r nks , oblong, often te , tr te , tr w olored or gr yi h , with s rio s m rgin ; henes u 2 i he l - a o r a a . c u t s ro gh, mm long ( ex l d ng ty e b se) , yellow gr y, with prominent tr nsverse c a u a c i u n u c a ula c at re t ng l r ells often form ng longit dinal ribs , a d a prono n ed nn r thi kening the su - a a 6 ac u a mmit ; sty le b se d rk brown ; bristles , exceeding the hene , sto t , fl ttened, with a co rse teeth . i ” M TYPE LOCALITY : In Car baei s ( ar tfeld) .

: l i a a u a la and u h a h u h the ic . DISTRIBUTION F or d , Tex s ; Berm d Is nds so t w rd t ro g trop s I L T — L U RATI l 1 88 . 2 . S O s l a Ill . C . l . 3 3 . 6 9 h a 3 1 : p . , C rke , yp p , f ; R odor f

2 L . l i i s i E T A c N . Y d s l . . . s e u eto e l E eo char q ( ) orr . nn y 3 2 1 8 6 : 96 . 3 .

S ci r u s e u i s e toides E ll . S 81 a . 1 9 . 1 8 1 p q Bot . . C . G : 7 6 . E l eo chari s B lli o tt D i S i . P l . 2 82 . 1 83 3 A etr . p . : . E l eochari s i nters ti n c ta i E e “ h . n t s ti nc ta S . ca au i r . of Amer n t ors , not R

Cul 5—1 0 u i l t a dm . a a a 5 . ms terete , high , bo t mm thick , prom nent y sept te interv ls of 1— 5 cm . u ac u u u u c s cau c a , the s rf e ro ghened by n mero s min te proj e tion ; dex short ; roots o rse , - i a a u at u at a . redd sh brown ; she ths membr no s , pointed the s mmit , those the b se often free cu and a i c from the lm gre tly elongated ; sty le bifid or trifid ; stamens 3 ; spikelets cyl ndri , 2— - - 4 cm . l a flowered ca a a a a c ong , m ny ; s les in sever l r nks , oblong, stri te , str w olored , with an cu u l 2 a ca i u a i ac a cm . obs r e p rp ish border bene th the s r o s m rg n ; henes ne rly smooth , c u i - as - ll a a ic long ( in l d ng the style b e) , golden ye ow o r light brown , bro dly obov te , b onvex , with fine transverse linear -re ctangular reticulation s ; style-base dark brown ; bri stle s narrow and a a l we k , r rely equa ing the achene .

: a ill h a li a TYPE LOCALITY F y ettev e, Nort C ro n . : D a of : al the c a a achu L u i i a n DISTRIBUTION ep w ter ponds ong o st , M ss setts to o s na ; i nland i e . ' Y a a ch a Wi scons m and u N ew ork , Indi n , Mi ig n , , Misso ri . A M n I : . a 7 8 1 . 2 a . . . 1 . 3 8 i LLUSTR TION S r y , e . 1 11. PI. . 2 . l : 3 1 1 . A G d f ; Br tt Brown , ed . 75 8 Rh dor 1 o a 3 : l . 1 88 . 1 N M 1 . . . u s . 9 1 0 l 1 7 . 5 ; p , ; : . all as E . i nters ti ncta . f f Rep J p , f ( )

3 . l i s u d ul Mi R E eo char q a rang at a ( chx . ) . S . s 2 . V 1 . 1 1 . : 55 8 7 Sy t eg .

S ci r u s u ad an u latu s i ch - . Fl . Am 1 . . 1 80 . p q r g M x Bor : 3 0 . 3 S c r us mar m atu s hl D e r u . sc . a . 2 8 . 1 8 T p g 1 7 . 5 . mar i natu hu s b . 1 i M Gr m Not g n 794 . PART 19 CYPERACEAE 5 1 1 9, 57]

4 82 4 S a . 2 : 7 . 1 . Ve . S ci rpu s albo margi natu s Schu ltes i n R . S . y st . g M nt 5 ll l h 3 3 93 . 1 93 . a a E l eochari s u adran u lata var . crassi o r al a 7 : q g Fern d , R odor ( We es ey , M ss

chu setts . )

- —1 i cau Cul 4 i a a l c a 5 0 dm . a ms sided , w th sh rp ng es , o rse , h gh , from short dex ; roots c a a u - a i a a u a l o rse , gr y, often t ber be r ng ; she ths red or brown , membr no s , with oose , brown i li - l i l 2— m c l i c t i l i li a 5 c . p, g stening , somet mes pro onged nto leaf ke b des ; sp ke ets long , y indr , a u al - lli i 2 i u a acu a c c 4 a c 5 . te ; s es r nked, e pt , mm . long, mm w de , ro nded or somewh t te , str w l i lu c a l l iﬁ r iﬁd a ac . c o ored, str te , not kee ed ; sty e b d or t ; st mens 3 ; hene mm long in d

a 1 l a l a i i - a ing the be k ( mm . ong) , n rrow y obov te , deep sh n ng brown , lmost smooth , with a u 24 a li a c ll a at u i a c a u - u bo t rows of tr nsverse ne r e s , n rrowed the s mm t to ne k bo t one fo rth

i ac a a a l a a ula l the w dth of the hene , bro adening g in to form the b se of the e ong ted tri ng r sty e ; l li l n u ual ac a d c . brist es ght brown , eq ing the hene , s ender obs rely toothed

a li l i cal la TYPE LOCALITY : C ro n a ( th e s ender typ p nt) . D h l achu W i c i u h a DI STRI UTION : eep to s al ow water : M ass setts , west to s ons n , so t to ex s ; ' B T al I isco . — 8 E l . 1 8 ll . l 1 4 . 1 4 3 1 : : S . . a l . 2 h a 2 . 9 I . G . . 3 7 : ; p , LLUSTRATION S Bot C p , f ; R odor p , f . 4 M ; ep . . . u s. 1 9 1 0 : l . 1 7 . 6 . f R N J p , f

4 . l i ﬁ s st l o s P i l i n R . u s . E eo char u a ( o r . ) Sch te S 2 1 824 s . V M : 89 . . Sy t eg . ant .

S ci r u s s tu los u i i n L s m . E 4 4 . a 1 c c 6 7 9 . : 80 . p ﬁ Po r n y . S ci r u s acu tan u lu s b . Fl . 1 2 1 . 1 2 i a p g Rox Ind . : 3 8 0 . ( Ind . ) S ci r u s medi u s b Fl 1 2 2 . 1 3 . 1 8 0 i . . : a . p Rox Ind . ( Ind ) q o thr on s tu los u m D i 2 . S . Pl 94 1 8 3 . . : . 3 y ﬁ A etr p . L i m nochloa acu tan u la i n C 4 4 i h 1 1 . 1 83 . g Nees W g t , ontr . Bot . Ind . L i mnochloa m edi a i n i C 4 4 W h 1 1 83 . 1 . Nees g t , ontr . Bot . Ind . L i mn hlo b 1 oc u 42 il . a o t s e tr i on a Li F 1 8 . a l i n a . l . a . 2 1 00 . g nd . N ees ; Nees M rt Br s : ( Br z ) E le ochari s lani cu lmi s n S C . . 1 8 5 5 . a a S u . 80 p te d y . y p ( J v ) E leochari s btu e tri n o s S u S n 1 8 5 5 . o a C . 80 . g te d . y . yp " E leochari s m u t ta r b u i 20 . 1 898 . a t s etr i on ll H b . 6 . va . o a la u . . g C rke , B er Bo ss ( Append

Cul a a ula a 4—6 c a - a s ms sh rply tri ng r , co rse , dm . high ; roots o rse , reddish brown ; she th lin a u a a u i i cm . c brown , membr no s , r ther loose , pointed t the s mm t ; sp kelets long , y - c acu ca 4 mm - a a a u a dri , te ; s les . long, straw colored or gr y , bro dly ov te , obt se or somewh t acu a l r ifi a te , firm , stri te , the margins erose but not conspi cu o u sly membr ano u s ; sty e t d st mens 3 ac 2 l - u n . c u a a ; hene mm long ( in l ding the sty e b se) , obov te , t rgid, gree or light brown , u a u 20 i ua a u la c ll a a a c ro gh , with bo t rows of deeply p tted q dr ng r e s , the pex n rrowed to ne k a u - a ac a i a ai a a u a bo t one h lf the width of the hene , bro den ng g n to form the b se of the tri ng l r c a u ua l c i ac l style ; bristles o rse , s l y ex eed ng the hene , firm y toothed .

a a a c TYPE LOCALITY : M d g s ar . DISTRIBUTION : Fresh to bracki sh water : Texas ( Ru ny on) ; Cuba ; Mexi co ; Gu atemala ; a a a O ld and W l i c P n m ; New or d trop s . IL L U TRA T — — 8 S I O N s : la Ill 1 3 1 l . 1 8 . C . l . 3 5 . 1 4 h a 2 7 : l . 1 49 . 5 0 : C rke , yp p , f ; R odor p , f ; p , . 3 1 3 D c l S l l . 5 9 . . a . . 4 : . f , ; es o e, Gen p P nt Argent p

l i L . m u . s . 5 . s R V E eo char tata ( ) . S . Sy t eg 1 1 8 7 .

S ci r u s mu tatus L la am Pu . . 6 . 1 7 59 . p P nt . J . g L i mnochloa mu tat Li 9 2 8 4 a a a : 94 . 1 3 . Nees , nn e

Cul s a l a ula c a —1 dm i a cau m sh rp y tri ng r , o r se , 4 0 . h gh , from short dex ; roots very u u u a - l li a u n mero s , ﬁbro s , gr y or brown ; sheaths str aw co ored or ght brown , membr no s , at u i l — l u uall u pointed the s mmit , often elongated ; sp ke ets 5 cm . long, cy indric, s y obt se ;

ca a - a a -c l ul i a a u i s les m ny r nked , str w o ored , thin , orbic ar to obovate, w th bro d membr no s s des and an u a i i l l u l a ac erose pper m rg n , often sl ght y kee ed , freq ent y not ppressed to the r his ;

triﬁd a 3 ac i lu i l - a lli i c a sty le ; st mens ; hene mm . long ( n c d ng the sty e b se) , e pt or obov te , s i a s i a u 24 a l a li a h ning, r ther mooth, yellow to brown , w th bo t rows of sh l ow , tr nsversely ne r c l i i a li l a u u at u an a ula e ls w th the r m rgins often s ght y r ised , s rmo nted the s mmit by ng r c i c a ual i l - a 6 u a ual thi kening wh h merges gr d ly nto the short sty e b se ; bristles , irreg l r , eq ing a us u - c a but the chene, l tro s brown , with o rse soft teeth . RT A ER A R OL UM 18 5 1 2 N O H M IC N FLO A [V E ,

TYPE LOCALITY : D ISTRIBUTION : West Indies ; Mexico ; British Hondu ras ; Pan ama ; tropi cal Sou th America ; 1' I i t op l A fr ca . 1 49 1 1 —1 4 7 5 h a 2 : l . . 1 3 1 1 . . 9 7 i Ill . Fl . . 2 . : Ii L U TRA TI O N . ; S : p , S Br tt Brown , ed f ; R odor f

3 1 : l . 1 88 . 8 . p , f

L c . l l s T . . Y i l u A . N l s . 6 . E eo char c e o a orr nn y

2 1 836 . 3 : 98 .

1 uba H 1 87 . i aba a 8 : 7 9 . l ca . i h i n Sau v a . . C ci u s di ct os ermns . S rp y p C . Wr g t An A d n ( C )

— — — l e i u l i u a dm 1 2 . a c a a 3 7 . C ms terete , r rely tr ng l r , high , mm wide , str w o ored or gre n sh ; c a al a l a u a li u an roots o rse , p e to d rk brown ; stolons e ong ted ; pper she ths rigid , ob q e , with l a u a ti u li a a u and a a e ong ted m cron te p, often p rp sh ; lowest she ths membr no s inﬂ ted or le f li l li l u c a cu ca icu a c c cm . ke ; spike ets y ndri , ong , obt se , thi ker th n the lm ; s les orb l r or a i id a a - c i a c i cu u u 4 . lon r obov te , obt se, mm g, . g , stri ted , str w olored , w th onsp o s brown border and ca i u a c l a i i a tri ﬁd a white , s r o s m rgins , the brown o or t on somet mes w nting ; style ; st mens 3 a u ac i lli i c a i cula a u 20 ua ; m t re hene sh ning , brown , e pt to obov te , lent r , with bo t rows of q d ran ular c ll la l -li u ac i at u a u g e s , over id by a g ass ke s rf e , merg ng the s mmit into sto t spongy

a i a - a i l ua ac i u be k, t pp ed by the short , d rk style b se ; br stles ight brown , eq ling the hene , nvol te , u witho t teeth .

B L D I alls i i i i i r . n . : a St. u TYPE LOCALITY y of o s , M ss ss pp ( g ) : b ac i h ali c a al a : a H a a h a l a F os DI STRIBUTION In r k s to s ne o st w ters C pe tter s , Nort C ro in ( ber g ) Georgi a ( E y les ) Fl ori da to Texas and northern Mexi co ; Bermu da ; West Indi es ; Yu catan . 1 88 1 1 I h a 3 1 l . : : . . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

l i 7 . l l 1 1 860 . s h m F U 5 5 . E eo char e ongata C ap . . S . . S .

Cu l u ua l a a —8 dm 5 . ms very slender , s l y less th n 1 mm . in width , elong ted, long , often a i u ac a a cu l a u l flo t ng on the s rf e of the w ter , fl ttened or obs re y ngled ; roots fibro s ; sto ons a un a a - c a cu i i b d nt , brown or str w olored , elong ted, with lms r sing from the nodes ; sp kelets 1 cm 2 . l rifi l li a u . . acu t d a ca long, mm wide , te ; sty e ; st mens 3 ; s es ne r , obt se , mm l a e i c i cu u l o i u i ali a ong , stri t , green sh, onsp o s y b rdered w th brown j st w thin the hy ne m rgin ; ac i - i l i . c u a a u a l a henes mm long, in l d ng the style b se , tr ng r , ght green , obov te ( the inner ac a a u 12 c a a l a c ll a u a f e bro dest , with bo t rows of o rse , tr nsverse y line r e s) , br ptly n rrowed at u a c - u ac i c i s the s mmit to short ne k one fo rth the width of the hene , from wh h r se the acu - as s 6 7 ua ac i short , te , deep brown style b e ; bristle or , eq ling the hene , green sh , promi u l ent y toothed .

: still a al achi c la l i a TYPE LOCALITY In w ter , Ap o , F or d . : i a E les l i a a i l DISTRIBUTION Georg ( y ) ; F or d ; Br z . I S : h a 3 1 l . 1 88 : . 6 . LLU TRATION R odor p , f

8 . l i s R obbi n su O k s M B E eo char a e , ag . Hort . ot . 1 78 1 1 7 : . 84 .

Cu 1 —2 2— lms slender . 7 dm . a u a i uc u , mm wide , high , tri ng l r, somet mes prod ing t fts of a il c p lary stems which float in the water ; roots either fibro u s o r spongy ; stolons slender and l a c cu u a ull u l i e ong te, the nodes in onspi o s ; she ths d brown , the s mmit ob iqu e ; sp kelet 1 cm . l acu ca , , c ly a cu ca 4 a c la 7 ong te s r e wider th n the lm ; s les few ( l n eo te , mm . long , a a s and ti ca u a greenish, stri te , the m rgin p s rio s , with keel formed by 2 or 3 prominent longi tudinal ; s y tri fid a 3 ac 2 ridges t le ; st mens ; henes brown , mm . long ( not in clu ding the a - - , yl a ) a a l ul slender elong te st e b se , oblong obov te , n rrowed be ow the middle , lentic ar , r arely a u a u 1 —1 - tri ng l r , t rgid, with 5 8 all a i a c a u a n rows of sh ow , tr nsversely l ne r re t ng l r cells , ar — at ap a c al ac rowed the ex to ne k one h f the width of the hene , broadening again to form the a l a t ; 7 c and c as a b se of the f ttened s yle bristles , losely firmly toothed, twi e long s the achene .

' : i ch y , e ﬂ e rson N Ham hi Ro bb TYPE LOCALITY Pond err Pond J , ew ps re ( i ns ) . : Shal a , b and i n i ch : ch al th e c a DISTRIBUTION low w ter orders of ponds d t es ieﬂy ong o st , Nova Sc a and N ew u c h Ca li a i a an d th l i a i oti ‘ Br nswi k to Nort ro n , Georg , nor ern F or d ; nland al so i n u b c ( Vi c to n Y l a i O Q e e r ) , ew or , ennsy v n a, n i an a M i ch i an W i sc onsi n an d nt ri o i N k P I d , g , a . , IL L U TRAT S I O s . a M n a . . 7 . 1 8 1 . 240 r y , e . i . Ill Fl A G d ; . . . 2 . 1 : 3 1 f Br tt B rown , ed 1 . . 7 6 0 h a 3 1 l . ; : 1 88 . 5 N . . . M u s 1 9 1 0 o or p . l . 1 f R d , ; ep : p 7 . 7 . f R J , f CY PE ACEAE 5 1 3 PART 9, 1 957] R

l mb i b k S . . l i s m i G r se . C A 9 . E eo char trata ( ) ar e , y nt 1 900 .

1 864 i . 5 70 . . m t tns ri seb Fl . . . S ci rpus i ra G . Br t W Ind

— dm i c l a u c a Cu ms 3 6 . l slender, h gh , y indric , stri te , from stolonifero s rootsto ks ; she th — l - u u u acu i l c 2 cm . ca a p rplish, the s mmit bl nt to te ; sp ke et y lindric, long ; s es ov te oblong , u c su a ac u a a i l biﬁd obt se , greenish on the onvex , bstri te b k , p rple long the whitish m rg n ; sty e ; a l c a su u ca an a i l - a chene ye lowish , bi onvex , obov te , btr n te with enl rged r ng be ow the style b se , a a 1 1—13 a s l a c ll ac ac strongly n rrowed to the b se , with row s of tr nsver e y elong ted e s on e h f e , -l u a cu a a c u i . mm . long , in l d ng the mm ong bl nt , somewh t tri spid te , bro d , brown sty le h ac base ; bristles half the l ength of t e hene .

: Sa a a i i a Cr ne er . TYPE LOCALITY v nn s , Tr n d d ( g ) . ch u a a B raZ i l DISTRIBUTION : Trinidad ; San D omingo ; Fren G i n ; . I — I : h a 4 1 : l . 5 3 7 . 5 la , ll . Cy . l . 3 3 . 1 0 1 3 . LLUSTRATION S R odor p , f ; C rke p p , f

h h i i 1 0 l i s l i car ac s G r seb . s . E eo char p ( ) Sven on , R d 1 1 1 2 9 9 . ho ora 3 : 58 .

P u b 2 1 86 6 . 9 . S ci r pu s pli carhachi s Gri seb . Cat. l . C . 3 ib H B n k M eddel 1 8 1 1 5 1 . 1 872 . a aca an o ld c l i n eleochari s e lata Ock . Vide s . . 7 : ( M r o , o ony il Braz . )

E c an a c c l a cul re t from s ending spongy rootsto k , often with slender , e ong te rhizomes ; ms — i a u l i i — u fl i n ul ca . u a 4 8 l exuou s a a d 6 dm . wiry, , str te s te , h gh ; she ths s ly r g d , cm long , p rp ish - 1 — l u 25 - flo er e a a c li u at u l 2 cm . a w d l or str w olored, ob q e the s mmit ; spike ets ong, bo t , n rrow y i l l a u a i an u i c acu ca . cylindr , te ; s es loose , mm long , ine r , obt se , stri te , w th obvio s midr b ; ifi 2 l i c u i a b d a 3 ac c . sty le ; st mens ; hene bi onvex , mm ong ( n l d ng the be k) , light brown , o cu a b a a u 12 l u i al ua a c u ai rbi l r to o ov te , with bo t ongit d n rows of q dr te ells with pr sed edges , narrowed at the summit and su rmo unted by a tu rgid annu lu s-elevation from whi ch rises the - lac a c a l - a l 6 c ac c a fl at deep brown or b k, l n eol te sty e b se ; brist es , ex eeding the hene , o rse , ,

s ca . with trong , s ttered teeth

R C Wri ht : i a del i o uba C . TYPE LOCALITY P n r , ( g DI STRIB UTION : Cu ba ; M exi co ; Panama ; Bri ti sh Gu i an a ; Colombi a ; Brazi l ; Peru ; Para ua i g y ; Argent na . I L L TRAT I — h 1 l 1 8 . la ll l . 3 1 1 D U I O a 3 . 8 7 . C . 3 . 4 6 l S s : c . R odor p , f ; C rke, yp p , f ; es o e , Gen S l a 1 4 : l . 5 . p . P nt . Argent . p

i 2 P i R d 1 1 2 1 2 s anc om s a 3 . e : 7 9 . Ser e . ﬂ Sven on , ho or 9

— D a la 2 m hi h i l i h cal ach 1 . w rf p nts 7 c . g ; sp ke et w t green s es ; enes mm

l . E u 1 1 . arv la . ong . p la i h u l t l a m i h a h . P nts w t c ms e st 1 5 c . g u l l c u uall li u at th e ti ach C ms strong y ompressed , s y pro fero s p ; enes not l u a strong y p n ct te . i l i - — S a u acu h l 2 E tell t . a 1 . r os a a c b a 3 l . 3 p ke ets str m neo s , te ; enes ong e ked , mm . ong . S i l b i h b u E e an a l m l . h a b blac . . 1 4 . oca ac 1 . p ke ets rown s , o t se ; ene d rk rown to k, mm ong rp Cu lms not strongly ﬂ attened and not proli ferou s ; achenes strongly 2— u c a 3 mm l 2 E anci ora. p n t te, . ong. 1 . . p ﬂ

1 1 l i s l R k B n . u Li luff Fi erh . E eo char parv a ( . S . ) n ; g C m d Fl G m d 2 1 1 8 . . . : 93 . 36 . o pen er e . .

S ci r u s usi llu h E 2 i h l u . 2 4 i h h c s a l ens c . V : 6 1 805 . a a l i r us a i l ac p p , n m ( B sed p rt y on Sc p c p M x w i s E u la E leocha ll . aci c ri s . n i a ri s s . 1 8 1 0 . ) Not p R B r . 0 S ci u P r s nanns S . u . 1 4 H N E leo : . 1 8 1 3 . i 8 4 all a . S . nanns . 1 0 p preng g ( e, Germ ny ) ot Po r ; nor Chari s nana u h K nt , 1 83 7 . S ci lu r us arvu s S S . V e . 2 24 . . 1 8 : 1 . a p p R y st g 1 7 . ( Germ ny . ) S ci r us hu mi li s W all r S b 2 22 l 825 . i . N mi 7 . 1 8 . a hu li s l . 1 . S . p e ed Cr t ( Germ ny . ) ot Ve ; nor hu m S . i li s Wi ll 1 83 7 . d . E leo i ton ar u l L H i . l 1 : 2 5 2 v a 8 . 1 8 7 . g p nk , ort Bero L i mnochloa ar vu la i h b i n M o ssl er H n c . db . 2 8 2 a 1 80 . 1 9 . p Re en , ed . . 8 B aeo thr on n u m D i P 2 an S . l . : 9 1 . 1 3 3 . y A . etr . p 8 B aeothr on i llu m D i S P 2 2 8 us l . 9 . 1 3 3 . y p A . etr . p . : E leo h i s m e c ar L c . . 3 1 1 a a . Y Y : 3 3 . 83 6 . a pyg Torr . Ann y N . Ne r N ew ork . E le och i s mae h e ar a . anac a ta L c N . Y O 3 44 1 . 1 8 6 . l a . pyg B Torr Ann . y . N . . : 3 ( ew r e ns ) S ci r us trans lu cens L e Gall Ll Fl L i - 2 p . . . 7 5 . 1 844 . a c . J oy d, o re Inf ( Fr n e ) 1 4 N RT A ERICAN RA O UME 1 8 5 O H M FLO [V L ,

2 8 5 . 3 6 83 . 1 . : Chae tocype r ns pygmaea W alp . Ann 1 8 5 5 c : Par r 1 . . I le n . 9 S . C ? so pi s l eptos Steu d . y yp ( Mexi o y 2 la h a 1 86 2 : 1 0 . 1 8 6 . L C u a l . . c . ca . Chae tocyperns membranace u s B u ckl . Pro A d P i ( no o nty , Tex s ) E u si ll 8 1 0 87 1 . . a . . 1 . 1 8 7 1 . 3 6 1 . 1 Fl . . E leo ch u s i llu s W . ari s p ood , Bot ed Not p R Br

i H ab a a 8 : 80 . 1 87 1 . l ca . C . C a . r u s e t W i h i n Sauv . S ci p l p os . r g t n n A A d . lla L ebm n 880 . u a u : i a n . l a 6 3 : 43 7 . 1 H e leochari s tr iﬂora Bock . F or ( Morro de Boq i , Ver Cr z ) 1 8 1 l 3 u 3 . . 6 . 1 0 . 1 882 1 5 u . . S ci r u s o lli cari s D e li le D escr . E 9 : 0 ( ) p , p p , gy pte nomen n d m f ( E gypt ) ' 2 1 89 . 1 1 7 5 . Y ca . : h e tns a . . . n nn v r . anac a S cn p s na s a Britton , Tr ns N A d 2 2 D hl . 2 . : 6 . 1 900 . F eu tsc . i n S u l . e u s a u lu s M i ssb . au Cyp r p rv Kr se t rm , ed 4 a i u l a 1 9 0 . L C . S ci r u s colorado ensi s i a 4 : 9 3 . p Br tton , Torrey ( r mer o nty , Co or do ) E le ta la 2 . C 9 E leochar i s l e tos S h a 3 1 : 1 7 6 . 1 9 9 . 1 00 . p venson , R odor Not p rke,

h r l e t r co lor adoens i s S h a 3 1 1 7 7 . 1 92 9 . E leoc a i s p os va . venson , R odor 1 1 929 San a i M li h e t r J ohns toni i S h a 3 : 1 7 7 . . ts . a E l eoc ari s l os va . p venson , R odor ( Bern d no , C

fo rn i a . )

h 6 1 9 4 . h e ta S a 3 6 3 8 . 3 le hari s arvu la var . anac a : E oc p venson , R odor 9 i u l s on i o s a a h a 3 9 : 2 73 . 1 3 7 . a . e h i s arv a . E l oc ar p f p g F ssett, R odor ( M ne ) N 2 94 1 t. 6 : 6 6 . 1 . i ll M idl . a h r i s m em br anac ea . E leoc a G y , Am 94 1 M i l N at. 26 : 6 6 . 1 . h s o lor adoens i s i ll . d . E le oc ar i c G y , Am

F u i nu u u l u ca la 2— ormi ng mats ; roots fibro s , often w th mi te t bero s sto ons ; c lms pil ry ( 7 i i a -c l and a uc c cm . h gh) , green sh or str w o ored , often spongy tr nsl ent , terete , be oming some i i n i u a c i cu u a u 2 l what str ate dry ng ; pper she th in onsp o s , membr no s ; spikelets mm . ong , 2— 9- flowered cal a ca c l l u acu i a n bro adly ovate , ; s es ov te , s r e y kee ed , obt se o r te , str t e a d char ll i h ull ca e al taceous, green to ye ow s , often d brown on the sides ; lowest s l empty, h f the length l trifid ac a 1 l - i l a 3 . a c u of the sp ke et ; st mens ; sty e ; henes obov te , mm ong , str w olored , eq i i i a l and i i l at erally triangular w th prom nent ng es , smooth sh n ng, under high magnification

li l a - cula l - a al a ula sometimes ght y stri te reti te ; sty e b se very sm l , tri ng r , greenish ; bristles straw l i ac u a r n h t i l ua i c va . a ac ae a c i co ored , eq ng or ex eed ng the hene ( r diment ry in , wh h somet mes l and u ac i cula has achene angles b unter the s rf e more ret te) .

“ ‘ : a i n i nu n dati s l acu s Koelm en si s i n M ann s fel i TYPE LOCALITY Germ ny ; d a . DISTRIB UTION : Sali ne places i n western E u rope and along the Medi terranean Sea ; Atlanti c Coast from Newfou ndland to Cu ba and Mexi c o and on the Pac i ﬁc Co ast from Van cou ver to Cali i hi n i i r n h fo rn i a i la i n Y c a a d u . Va . a ac ue ta ca i n ali ; n nd New ork , M g n , M sso r s ttered s ne regions i u i and a i n the i S a an d i c al Cu ba an from M sso r westw rd Un ted t tes Mex o ; known so from , d from c ll c i i n S u h i ca at a acaib i n u l a and Ri o a i two o e t ons o t Amer , M r o Venez e , de J ne ro . I R 1 l 1 89 1 8 h a 3 . . 3 6 l . 3 2 : : : 0 . 5 6 i I LLUST ATION S o or p , ; p , t. ll . Fl . R d f f , ; Br t B rown , 1 2 1 2 . 8 0 . . : 3 7 . ed . f

1 2 l i s u ciﬂ or L i h f Li k B . a a t . l E eo c har p ( g ) n , Hort . ero . 1 2 1 2 8 7 . : 84 .

ci r u an i r n L i h f F S 8 s l . c . 1 07 . 1 7 . Sc l S p p c ﬂo s g t . ot 7 7 ( ot and ) ci r u s B o e thr on L l 3 1 S p o y . f . Su pp . 1 0 . 7 8 1 . H l e e h i a t men i ili i PI aca . oc ar s aca s s h . 5 3 . 1 86 0 . hi l P pp , At m ( C e . ) ci r u s andi nu i i Chi l 43 5 54 1 S s hi li al . . 8 : . 73 . hil p P pp , An Un v e ( C e . ) E e h n r ll S e l oc ari s S ksdor ana Beauve d u . oc . . . 1 3 : 2 6 7 . 1 922 a hi ﬁ , B Bot Gen ve II . ( W s ngton

i r u s ber nar di nns u h u ll l 2 22 S c . ub 5 : 1 . 1 92 5 ali i p M nz Jo nston , B Torrey C . ( C forn a ) E le h n i r S nks d r n S h i s a c om va . o a a 1 oc ar a 3 : 1 7 4 . 1 929 p fl fi venson , R odor . d S E leochar i s an ci o m var . ber nar i na h a 3 1 1 4 : 7 . 1 929 p fl venson , R odor . h - H e l e h er a eri b . Z l e i i . ri s V . G s W 9 oc a . 7 : 3 00 . pp Bojko , Ver oo Bot en 1 93 0 . ( Au stri a ) n r F e ldi i S h 3 6 0 E le cha i s a ci om va . r na o a : 3 8 . 1 93 4 ai r p fl venson , R odor . ( M ne . )

n Fl . S S 3 58 1 H l h r s m eri di onali s Ts i z . 0 9 5 . u e eoc a i : . 3 a UR ( T rkest n . )

' E c c c stolons o ften c i cu u re t , from reeping rootsto ks , the with onsp o sly thi ckened buds ; u l l —4 dm i h i a — - c . ; S a 2 3 cm . l a c ms s ender , h g , str te he th ong, str w olored or brownish ,

— — - - u ca i l 4 7 . l a 2 7 flowered cal all a i tr n te ; sp ke ets mm ong, ov te , ; s es flower be r ng , chocolate i al ca u a i and ti l la a 3 l brown w th p e , s rio s m rg ns p, the two ower rger ; st mens , the fi aments i and l a l trifid ac o i u i 2— 3 l ; . i n often wh tened e ong ted sty e ; henes ob vo d or f s form , mm ong , — c c i a ula la c i l icula i ross se t on tri ng r or p no onvex , prom nent y ret te w th small re ctan gu lar c ells ; the ia ula la c la a i a l i l tr ng r or n eo te be k t pped by the d rk sty e ; br st es slender , often irregu larly uali c i ac i l l toothed, eq ng or ex eed ng the hene , somet mes poor y deve oped .

Y PE l LOCALITY : Scot and . gI TRI B U TI N ° S O : n cal c areou s soi l : reenl an to northern Ontari o 54 D nti ll 67 L e a e I G d ( N , y g Sa a ch a and i i h lu bi a , C , u h C ali i a i c Col o rad Iga sk t ew n Br t s o m so t to forn , New Mex o , o w , , ll n a a l a a Y and h I i ois , Indi n , Pennsy v ni , N ew Jersey , N ew ork , nort ern New E ngland ; mou ntai ns E u raS i a u h of ; so t ern Andes .

a i i al E u a h a 3 1 : 1 1 2 7 1 7 . 1 92 For dd t on rope n synonyms see R odor , 9 . 1 9 5 1 5 PART 9, 57] CYPERACEAE

- I 1 l 1 8 l 3 20 . 1 4 i : h a 3 : . 9 . 23 3 6 : . ; . Ill . PI. LLUSTRATION S R odor p , f ; p , f Br tt Brown ,

2 1 : 32 7 . . 802 . ed . . f

i s ll T l Y 2 1 47 . 84 . 1 l s ro te t F . N . : a a . . 3 3 3 . E eo char orr

N 1 83 6 . L . . . 3 : 3 1 8 . S ci r us r os tell tus . c Y p a Torr . Ann y i 22 li i E l r n l Cal 2 2 . 1 880 . a W a . . : a leo char i s os tel ata va occi de ta i s S . r . ts Bot f ( C forn ) B i 4 3 . 1 90 . E u a E t C r h r 3 e bl . leoch ri s l u s i n Sodi o a b . 4 c a a la . . p y p rke , Bot J ( ( dor )

l li 1 1 96 . 1 922 li i E le cha i s os te l ta r on doni i Fl . a . : . a a o r a va . C r g Jepson , C f ( C forn )

E c a c a i ca c i cu i re t or r hing from short vert l rootsto k ; roots th ckened , whitish ; lms w ry , l — 1 —22 1 —2 i cu u a and u ca 5 dm . . i con spi o sly ﬂ ttened s te , ( ) in length , mm w de , often re cl ning and a a u ca li u s i n - a a u rooting from the pex ; she ths rigid , tr n te or ob q e ; p kelet spi dle sh ped , c te ,

' 1 2- 2 - —2 l cal l a h 0 flo ered 8 0 . t e u i w , mm ong ; s es ight brown , rigid, ov te , ppermost be com ng acu a s 3 l tr ifid ac u l a u a a -c l te ; st men ; sty e ; hene obovoid , obt se y tri ng l r or pl no onvex , o ive , i l i cu a 2—3 l u a ca . a u li shiny, nder m gnifi t on light y ret l te , mm ong, n rrowed into the obt se , ght b a - a c a u - the ac i l green , e ked style b se , whi h is bo t one third length of the hene ; br st es firm , a li ual ac regu l rly toothed, ght brown , eq ing the hene . “ -Y n Y C u -Y S r e " : a a D r . a tw ll TYPE LOCALITY Penn , tes o nty , N ew ork, : S ac a a Sc i a and ai u h a l i a cal ca u n DI STRIBUTION e o st of Nov ot M ne , so t w rd to F or d ; reo s a d ali lac i n th e i i : O a i i chi a Wi c i lli i a a O l a s ne p es nter or nt r o to N ew Jersey ; M g n , s ons n , I no s , K ns s , k h a and a i i h lu bi a W i ah ali i a and i c om , Tex s , Br t s Co m to y om ng, Ut , C forn , N ew Mex o ; Bermu da ; H E n i uba ai i h i c cu a a d a . C , t ; nort ern Mex o ; Andes of dor Argent n I 1 2 89 . 3 6 l . 3 0 h a 3 1 : l . M n . : . 9 . a 5 a . . . 1 7 8 . . LLUSTRATION S R odor p , f p , f ; A Gr y , ed f 263 i I 82 ll . Fl . 2 . 3 1 9 . . 7 . ; Br tt . Brown , ed . f i m l T L Y 1 l s n . A c N 4 . E eo char e a o carpa orr nn . y . . . 3 1 1 1 8 6 : 3 . 3 .

Tu u au i c s a fted from a short , ligneo s c dex w th thi kened, pongy roots , the h rdened cu lm c 2— l a i u a cu s a u a e 6 dm . b ses of the prev o s ye r persistent ; lm ﬁrm , ﬂ ttened, s l t , ong , often 1 mm .

u li u at u i a u ca a i u ula wide , freq ently pro fero s the s mm t ; she ths tr n te with prom nent s b te i n c- i u e a -ﬂowered —1 mucro at the apex ; sp kelets cy li dri ovo d, obt s , m ny , 6 5 mm . long ; s cales

u a i u i and a sca u a a 3 a firm , obt se , str m neo s w th brownish sides bro d rio s m rgins ; st men , nthers l l i tr ifid ac . a s n ac u mm . long ; style ; hene mm long, d rk g os y brow to b k, tr gono s , with un co stulate a u ca at the a a inu u a l - a a l ro ded ngles , tr n te bro dened pex , m tely cell l r ; sty e b se p l id , - a a a l flat a i a i a low pyr mid l to ne r y , often with p rominent overh ng ng m rg n ; bristles d rk brown , l u a shorter than the achene , retrorse y toothed, often r diment ry . “ — : i ba all far am a a Sa a ah TYPE LOCALITY P ne rrens , gener y not from stre s of w ter ne r v nn , B n i D r ldwi . Georg a, . a Sa a i the c a al lai : a achu a DI STRIBUTION . ndy m rg ns of ponds on o st p n M ss setts to Tex s ; i nland i n i i i a u u a u Carr c i ha u Indi ana an d i chi a H anes V rg n ( A g st Co nty , ; Ro k ng m Co nty ) , , M g n ( ) . M an 4 464 . é . a . . . 1 8 . . 25 5 I R h a 3 9 l . 7 i : . p , f Gr y , e , . LLUST ATION S R odor A d f Br tt Brown , 8 1 —2 Ill C l . 3 . 6 0 . 1 1 F1 2 1 . 7 6 la . . 1. . . . : 3 1 7 . 7 ed f ; C rke, yp p , f

1 1 2 1 2 i A i u l es s R d 3 : 8 . c c ar 9 9 . Ser es 3 . Sven on , ho ora

Perenni als with c reeping rootstocks .

u l c a i lla ﬁli fo r m a l a . C ms p ry to , not m rked y ﬂ ttened i i Sp ike lets green or t n ged w th brown . Cu lms and scal es deep green ( sometimes with a pu rpl i sh band) ; l 7 . anthers 0 . mm ong l a h . l ca . E u l aci c a i s . Ac enes mm ong ; s es ppressed 1 5 . . r l cal a i and i l i a Achenes mm . ong ; s es spre d ng prom nent y str te i c u ai . E n e at ( mo nt ns of Mex o) 1 6 . . rv a . Cu lms ( conspi cu ou sly spongy ) and sc ales pale green ; anth ers

l . E d ns . i mm ong 1 8 . . r a ca . u l ach u c a l R e e oni . S i l . a E h 1 . v c i p ke ets deep p rp e ; enes tr n te, mm ong ( Tex s) . 7 . r l a i u u all a u c . C ms o rse, mm w de , s y fl ttened Cu l a l a c i al u l i al cal ca i u -acu i ms m rked y n pit , freq ent y sp r ; s es s r o s m h i h u b i l E a ac l i . 2 . Wo 0 . n te ; enes w t o t r st es ” fi u l u u all a al cal b u ach i h C ms s y fl ttened , not spir ; s es o t se ; enes w t

i s . b i l . E bonari ens r st es 1 9 . . i 4 m i n h i i a u al a l c c . h Cesp tose nn s , r re y ex eed ng e g t . n i u i a i Trabecu l ae abou t 1 5 i a long t d n l ser es . l ach h . . l Ant ers mm ong ; ene mm ong . h l ac . l Anth ers mm . ong ; ene mm ong ; scales c on spi cu l a u a o u s y tten te . ab cu la ab u 3 0 i n a l i u i al i a h l Tr e e o t ong t d n ser es ; nt ers mm . ong ; — h . l . 0 . 8 ac ene 0 . 7 mm ong 5 1 6 NORT H AMERI CAN FLO RA [VOLUM E 18

i L l i s i u l s . R . . s . V . 1 5 . E eo char ac c ar ( ) S Sy t eg 1 1 1 8 7 . 2 : 54 .

48 1 7 53 . L . u l S . S ci rpu s aci c ar i s . p . PI

4 . h 5 . 1 7 9 h . 3 0 M ar i scns aci cu lari s Moen c , M et

1 7 96 . l . 2 7 8 . i P . . 3 : u l i h . Cy pe rus aci c ari s W t . Br t ed h ca ? 0 . 1 8 1 7 . D esc r . a . 3 S ci r pus tr i chodes M uh l . Gr m ( Nort Ameri ) E h 1 1 8 1 9 . u . 1 . l Fl C c . E l eochari s cos tata Pres . . e ( rope ) 82 1 6 . 1 3 . F l . : 3 h l . I s o lepi s aci cu l ari s Schlec t . Bero 24 2 1 8 . 2 7 . S S . Ve . a . : S ci rpu s Chae ta Sch u ltes i n R . . y st g M nt 4 1 2 l 1 . 8 7 . m r PI. . 3 Clav n la aci c u lar i s D u o t. Be g E 2 . 4 1 8 7 . u F l . 1 3 . Gl av nla com os a D u m o rt. l . Be g ( rope )

di nm aci cu l are Li a a 9 : 29 3 . 1 83 4 . S ci r pi Nees , nn e 1 42 1 8 . 9 5 . Fl a . 2 : Cli ae tocy per ns aci cu lar i s Nees i n M art . . Br s * 1 87 9 . a an P 2 543 . E u l a . : Sav . . . ?S ci rpu s y okos censi s Fr . n m J p ( J p )

- 2 1 9 u u . h r 29 : 2 8 . 00 . r a oni ca a D i l . a b . H e le ochar i s aci cu lar i s va . i p B ker ; e s , Bot J Nomen n d m ( J ap an) 4 9 E u r 1 : 1 3 . 1 8 0 . h Pl . . c . E l eochari s co mosa K . Ri t

u lar i s ar lon i s e ta S h a 3 1 : 1 89 . 1 929 . a an E l eoch ar i s aci c v . g venson , R odor ( J p ) 1 929 ali i a r t l s S h a 3 1 1 90 . C i u v a ci den a i : . h ac c lar i s . oc E l eo c ari s venson , R odor ( forn )

9 5 . n S S 3 : 58 0 . 1 3 ni Ts i z Fl . H el e ochari s S vens o i . UR

l 2—20 a - 2 m a illa ll i l a u 5 c . c U s ua y form ng c ose m ts ; c ms ( r rely ) high , p ry, deep green , l n ulca c ca illa i a u a i u su ally angu ar a d s te ; rootsto ks p ry, w th b nd nt stolons ; roots ﬁrm , wh te ;

a l i - ia at a a ca i u and a i a i l she ths oose , redd sh str te the b se , the pex s r o s somewh t nﬂ ted ; sp ke ets

i 2—7 l acu 3— 1 5- ﬂowered u uall 5— 8-ﬂow ered ca a ovate to l near , mm . ong , te , ( s y ) ; s les ov te a c la acu i i - i and ca i u a i u u all a l n eo te , te , green , w th redd sh brown s des s r o s m rg ns , s y only few — - l i 1 . a ll i s ubtending mature fru t ; achene mm long , obov te ob ong, y e ow to wh te or brown ,

l -a l a i u i a and cl a cula a u 40- 0 a obscu re y 3 ng ed , with m ny long t d n l ribs ose tr be e ( bo t 5 in

i u al i l - a a a c c c- a ula long t din ser es ) ; sty e b se n rrow , somewh t ompressed , oni tri ng r ; bristles 3 i l ual ac a i 4 . or , brown sh , very s ender , eq ing the hene , often w nt ng

E u TYPE LOCALITY : rope . l a la a u h h l i nd h i E i a a c u a a . D ISTRIBUTION Green nd to A sk , so t to nort ern F or d nort ern Mex o ; r s

I L L U TRA TI O N i 1 11. F1 2 . 1 3 1 1 . 5 . . 7 7 a M n S s : . . : 83 . . a . . 7 . 1 . Br tt Brown , ed f ; A Gr y , ed f 5 3 1 b 9 . 9 . 25 0 h a 4 1 : l . ; R odor p , f N r aci les cens S h a 3 1 1 1 2 9 . 1 9 9 . I s ol e n l V ar . : i s lo i o i a S u n : S . OTE g venson ( R odor p g f te d . y C 5 5 h m St L u i i u i i s a c a l a . 90 . 1 8 . la i u i yp Bot ty pes fro : o s , M sso r ) o rse e ong te p nt from M sso r , and l ah a ha i E c u l i O c . a i c a i s . a a i h E Tennessee , k om , per ps dist n t from r For v r t ons of t e u ropean l a se e h a 3 1 : 1 83 p nt , R odor

1 l i s s R d 3 1 2 6 . 0 1 2 : 4 . E eo char nervata Sven on, ho ora 9 9 .

Chaetoc er ns r adi c ans u S n 4 5 O S . . C . 7 . 1 85 . a a a i c c . yp te d y yp ( x , Mex o ) H e le ochar is di c ns H i a l . l . . . 3 4 a : 56 . 1 885 . E r ems B o Centr Am Bot . Not leochari s radi cans i h u 1 83 7 . ( Po r . ) K nt ,

Pla a u uall a i cul a - nts m tted, s y with elong ted, wh tened rhizomes ; ms soft , spre ding, 3 9 cm . l cu l i a and a l a a u and a c c i h li ong , obs re y str te ng ed ; she ths membr no s m r es ent , green s , hya ne — — - at a i l a 2 3 . l 3 5 ﬂowered cal a acu u the pex ; sp ke ets ov te, mm ong , ; s es ov te , te to obt se , l a i at a u l i a i u c kee ed , spre d ng m t rity , prominent y str te , green , somet mes r fes ent on the side s ; l tr iﬁd a 3 a l ; ; . ac . a l a i sty e st mens nthers mm ong ; henes mm long, n rrow y obov te , w th — 60 70 a cula ac l i u i al - a c l s u 3 u tr be e in e h ong t d n series ; sty le b se coni ; brist e freq ently , eq aling the achene .

TYPE LOCALITY : Vi cinity of Pu ebl a ( A rs é ne : l i u i i n i c and u a ala DISTRIBUTION A p ne s mm ts M ex o G tem . I h 3 1 a l . 1 9 : : 0 . 3 3 LLUSTRATION R odor p , f .

1 7 l i s . R i i s R d E eo char everchon Sven on, ho ora 1 929 .

i l c if — E y p , fil orm c u a a su ca 2 2 xtens ve ree ing with long , rootsto ks ; c lms c pill ry , l te , 0 cm . l i l 2— - — ong ; sp ke ets 4 . l u l a a la c la acu a fl mm ong , p rp e , ov te to ov te n eo te , te , m ny owered ; s cales a u al h , , y at t e a i s l trifid a 3 l ov te obt se h ine m rg n ; ty e ; nthers , mm . ong ; achenes

. l a at a and a a u 20 a cul mm ong , n rrowed pex b se , with bo t tr be ae in each longitudinal seri es ; l - a i i l sty e b se c on c ; br st es lacking .

“ okosc e nci s c c i n i y , orre ted ndex . 19 CY PERACEAE 5 1 7 PART 9, 57]

Re er hon TYPE LOCALITY : Western Texas ( v c ) .

ai i a . DISTRIBUTION : Pr r es , Tex s

I : h a 3 1 l . 1 90 . 27 . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

E um Pl . i u . 1 l i s di s P . 8 . E eo char ra c an ( o r ) K nth , n 2 18 7 3 . 2 : 14 .

i 4 u c . 80 . m E c c 6 : 7 5 1 . 1 u i i n L a . . S ci rp s r adi cans Po r . n y ( P erto R o )

3 . Pl . 2 9 7 . 1 83 E l e n D i S . : ogi ton r adi ca s A . etr . p

42 1 83 7 h l . E l eochar i s cos tnlata u h E u . Pl . 2 : 1 . . K nt , n m ( C i e ) - 1 84 u 6 . l 9 . 3 1 9 S . L eo Ca l . hae toc er ns cos tu latns a c a ca . . C y p Nees , Nov A t A d p ro ( pp

u l r r L i ndheime i l a i u . . Y . i c . Soc . 5 : 1 0 5 . 1 889 as E leochari s aci c a i s va . r C rke ; Br tton , Jo r N M r , s n as y . ( Tex )

1 889 . 5 5 . Soc . : 1 0 Y . c . l r di cans i u . . E le h i cu ari s va . ra oc ari s ac B r tton , Jo r N M i r

E leochar i s L i ndheimeri S h a 3 1 : 1 99 . 1 929 . venson , R odor

l —8 i l and s a c Cu a 3 cm . ms m tted, h gh , ight green , soft spongy, tri te ; rootsto ks slender and c u a a u extensively reeping , white or light brown ; root s fibro s , white ; she ths membr no s , — 6—1 2-flower ed u ac u s a acu 3 4 . closely investing the culm , f g io s ; spikelet ov te , te , mm long , ; sca a - a c a lu S a u at les ov te l n eol te , the lower b nt , green , tri te , the pper often strongly keeled the i l ac a a t s trifid a 3 a . p ; ty e ; st mens ; nthers mm long ; henes n rrowly obov te , yellowish , a u l clu i a c c a l a u a r s bo t mm . ong ( ex d ng the n rrow, oni be k) , with e ev ted longit din l idge n u — ul u i a u ua l 4 a d abo t 30 40 close trabe c ae in each longit d n l series ; bristles s l y , very slender , i c ac ac . white , retrorsely toothed , ex eeding the hen e o r sometimes l k ng “ é r : i c a l es ai a c a u ar . L ed u . TYPE LOCALITY Porto R o , d ns terr ns m r ge x , p M : a ernald ch a a O l ah a and Cal a h DI STRIBUTION Virgini ( F ) , Mi i g n , Tex s , k om , iforni ; nort ern i i a Mexi co ; Pu erto Ri co ; H ai ti ; Santo D omi ngo ; Hawa i ; sou thern Sou th Amer c . m D l R 5 3 9 . 9a c I h 1 l 1 1 E L i ndhei eri 1 : l . : a 3 : p . 90 . 3 as . 4 p , ; , LLU ST ATION S R odor , f ( ) f es o e l S . a l . 2 Gen . p P nt Argent . 4 : p 7 C .

1 l i i s i B k s s N s u . 9 . . . E eo char bonar en ee , Jo r ot Hoo 2 1 840 . : 398 .

1 Chae toc e n bon e i n 1 42 Fl . a . 2 6 . 8 . yp r s ari nsis Nees M art . Br s : 9 1 Chae toc ern n tn n F 4 42 il bt sa s i a . l a . 2 9 1 8 a . s o : . . yp Nees M rt . B r s ( Br z ) H e le ochari s n C H 5 hi l i n a i hi l 6 7 3 . 1 8 3 . . s tri at l a D . 1 G . . : esv . y , st C e Bot ( C e ) H el e h r n oc a x n 1 8 5 5 . a c . i s o e ra D u i u ll S 2 6 09 . y r en , B . oc . Bot . Fr . : ( Fr n e ) E leo h c ari s am h D r C n Li . 58 . a c i bi a u i e u u i eau A ct Soc au 2 1 : 487 . 1 8 p ; g , . . nn . Borde x ( Fr n e ) E le ochari s u l i i c ari o mi a 3 5 6 6 . 1 899 c . ac r s c . . c a . 4 : . f Greenm n , Pro Am A d ( Mex o ) H eleoch 3 ari s aci cu l n l M s Hi N a i . H . bo ari ensi s a . u . . t. ari s subs . O p . B sten , An st Montev deo II

1 7 3 . 1 93 1 .

R c c 1 . c u a c c ua a a ootsto ks reeping , mm thi k ; c lms f s i led , u s lly fl ttened , somewh t rigid , —4 dm a u m a an u ca a . m . d high , bo t wide , bright green or yellowish , stri te s l te ; she ths at a the a u l a and a yellow or brown , often reddish the b se , firm pex obt se , e ong ted spre ding ; i l s a c a — l sp ke et l n eol te , 4 8 mm . long, the lowest s ca e abo ut half the length of the spikelet ; a a - a c la e u l ifi sc les ov te l n eo t , obt se , green with r eddish sides ; sty e tr d ; stamens 3 , anthers

. ac l c a a 1 a i u a mm long ; hene e lipti to n rrowly obov te , mm . long , with m ny long t din l ribs and a u 50—60 a cu a ac u a - a a - i as bo t tr be l e in e h longit din l series ; sty le b se sm ll , conic , one th rd

as ac s 3 or 4 a ua the ac s a wide the hene ; bri tles , white , sh rply toothed, eq ling hene or omewh t shorter .

P : i a TY E LOCALITY Argent n . : c uth S u h ca i c i au a c h u m DISTRIBUTION Mexi o ; so ern o t Ameri ; v in ty of Borde x , Fr n e , w ere ub l i u do ted y ntrod c ed . A S i : ct. oc . au 2 1 l 2 I L . ll e le . u l . 4 as H o : . Soc . . 49 : LLUSTRATION S nn Borde x p ; B Bot Fr . p ( c hari s am hi bi a H u sn o a l 1 h t C c a . ) ; , y p 7 ; a 3 1 : l . 1 90 . 3 7 3 8 al . M u s . N ac . p per e e R odor p , f , ; An u 3 4 : 45 1 D c l S la . l . . : . 69 . B enos Aires ; es o e, Gen p P nt Argent . 4 p

2 l i lﬁi 0 . s W o A G i n P . s . E eo char ray H . atter Pl lli i 1 C . I 46 . . s 8 at no 76 .

S ci r us Wol i . a c 1 0 : 4 . . ca . 1 87 . p ﬁ A Gr y , Pro Am A d 7 7 .

Cu a c i — s c u 1 . 3 dm . a lms sp rsely esp tose , from lender reeping rhizomes , high , bo t mm — i ia c ca —c i nrolled u i a a n d meter , two edged often on vo onvex or , freq ently sp r l , lightly stri te ; s a i u and a i u at a i l - — l ca acu 5 9 . he th obl q e sc r o s the pex ; sp kelets s ender ovoid, te , mm ong ; s les N RT A ERICAN RA O UM 18 5 1 8 O H M FLO [V L E ,

- - i tr iﬁ a acu i a u l a a ca u a d a s 3 1 mm . oblong ov te , m n te , p rp e stri te , with s rio s m rg n ; style nther , ula i 9 l l i 1 . co st te long ; achene py , ight brown , sh ning , mm long, strongly w th ongi ‘ riform — i l - tudi nal r ibs and abo u t 40 45 tr abecu lae in each longitu dinal ser es ; sty e base depressed

u ca i an a icu la c s ac i . tr n te , w th p te enter ; bristle l k ng

Wo l . : Ca lli i I . TYPE LOCALITY nton , I no s ( f) an d ai i : Y a a a ll DISTRIBUTION : W et meadows pr r es N ew ork ( dventive) , Indi n , Tennessee , I i

a . i L u i i a a a i u i O lah a a a C l a , Sa a ch no s , o s n , Iow , M sso r , k om , K ns s , o or do sk t ew n — 1 772 I Fl 2 . : 3 1 5 . . i ll . . . 1 7 . I L L U S TRATI O s la Ill . C . l . 3 7 . ; Br tt Brown , e ; C rke, y p p , f d f

h 1 l 1 90 . 3 6 . a 3 : . R odor p , f

Am . 2 1 l i s n ll W s . P . . A d . E eo char c a c e ata S . at roc ca

1 8 1 1 883 . : 70 .

A ual ? D i —4 m i a a i a call a c a c cu c . nn w rf , esp tose ; lms h gh , r di t ng from verti y br n hed

c ca lla i n ulc li a c l i cul rootsto k , pi ry , str ate a d s ate , ght green ; she ths lose y invest ng the m , u aci u i 2— l a a - la c la acu u u f g o s ; sp kelets 4 mm . ong , ov te to ov te n eo te , te , the ﬂowers n mero s ; cal u i a a a li ac i a i and ti s es obt se , str te , green , with n rrow brown ne on e h s de , the m rg n p ali at ﬁ hy ne , matu rity often exposing the achenes ; style tri d ; anthers mm . long ; ac a l a - l c u i all c c l - a henes bro d y obov te pyriform , mm . ong ( in l d ng the sm oni sty e b se) ,

i and i l i u a an a u 1 a cula ac u i a wh te shin ng , with 6 ong t din l ribs d bo t 5 tr be e in e h longit d n l

and i c i cu u a uc a e a cula i l ac . series , w th onsp o s tr nsl ent fenestr tion b tween the tr be e br st es l king

: San Lu i i i c S cha ner TYPE LOCALITY s Potos , Mex o ( ﬁ C n N i DISTRIB UTION : entral a d northern Mexi co ; perhaps ew Mex co . I h 1 : a 3 1 l . 90 . 3 0 . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

22 2 l i R d 1 2 1 . 3 00 . 9 9 . s s E eo char brachy carpa Sven on , ho ora

- — S c a u fl xuou l a 1 l i 2 4 . s a e s ca cu 7 cm . lightly espito e nn l with , pi l ry lms ong ; sp kelets mm l a - flowered ca r a a a ua — a c la ong, m ny ; s les g een or stre ked with brown , stri te , tten te l n eo te , with l ca i ifi l s u tr d a ac . prominent y rio s t ps ; style ; nthers mm . long ; henes mm ong , obo

a al i a u 1 l i u - a a l v te , most ter ete , w th bo t 5 tr abecu ae in e ach long t dinal series ; style b se n rrow y c i l on c ; brist es lacking . “ : l ci alu do si s M atani o ro B e d e s r lan i r . TYPE LOCALITY In o s p , ( ) : L Ri o i a c . D ISTRIBUTION ower Gr nde , Mex o I : h a 3 1 1 l . 90 . 4 : 3 . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

2 3 . l i s ll Pi s R d E eo char be a ( per) Sven on , ho ora 1 2 9 9 .

E leoc hari s aci c u l a i s var . mi nima i u Y O . i c S . . 4 oc . 5 1 . 1 88 . n r Torr Br tton , Jo r N M r . : 0 9 ( rego ) E leoc hari s° i cnl ari s var . be lla i i 8: a i Fl al u R 5 hi . e . 1 90 1 . Wa P per ; P per Be tt e , P o se g 3 . ( s ngton tstate{S ? A ual R c a u u —10 cm i a nn ootsto k very short , the pl nt forming dense ro nd t ft s 5 . in d m cu l a c i 2— eter ; ms s end ng 6 cm . ca la n , high , light green , pil ry , soft , sometimes angled a d sul cate ; a l a at u acu i 2— , 3 . lu a u a she ths oose infl ted the s mmit , te ; sp kelets mm long , b nt or c te , ov te , a - - y flowered ; cal a la c a at u i acu m n s es ov te n eol te , keeled the s mm t , te , with a bro ad green - i i and pu l ia l trifid a l m dr b rp e str ted sides ; sty e ; nthers mm . ong ; achene yellowish or i li a - a - , . u l 3 a l wh te ne r obov te , mm long , obt se y ng ed with 3 primary and m any secondary l i u i al and a u 30 a cu a ac i u i a ong t d n ridges bo t tr be l e in e h long t d n l series ; bristles none .

: u ll a W hi TYPE LOCALITY P m n , as ngton ( Piper : Chi e ﬂy i n i allu i u : Wa hi ah and a a u h h DISTRIBUTION r ver v m s ngton , Id o , Mont n , so t to nort c h hu ahu a M u eller ern Mexi o ( C i , ) . I : M F LLUSTRATION S an . l . Pl li . a 4 . 1 8 . , . 1 35 h epson f ; a 3 1 : l . 1 90 . 29 . J C f R odor p , f i s 4 . Gual d e s R d 3 1 1 2 Ser e Sven on , ho ora : 8 . 1929 .

ub l l - ( y ba ) a ly u i as b a as the ach T erce st e se ne r or q te ro d ene ; stamens 3 . S l b a ly c l i c b u pike ets ro d ovoid to y indr , o t se to subacu te ; scal es obtu se ub cl l i a l hal i t er e depressed or de to d , r re y f as h gh as the body of the ach ene .

RT ER A RA OL UM 18 5 20 NO H AM I C N FLO [V E ,

1 8 79 . 55 . l i s lm i u d . . C . 26 . E eo char Enge ann Ste Syn yp

lli i s 1 8 6 . P lli i 46 . l . 7 Cat. i n H . a r de tonsa . a ( ) E l eoc hari s E nge lmanni va . A Gr y P tters I no s I no 9 1 88 . S 5 : 1 03 . c . oc . E n elmanni i u . . Y . E l eochar i s ova ta var . Br tton , Jo r M r g N i 0

49 6 . 1 899 . u . a . 3 4 : r r obu s ta al c . . c ( ) E l eochari s E nge lmanni va . Fern d, Pro Am A d Misso ri li i a 3 4 : 49 6 . 1 899 . a . ca . ) ti la al c . ( E l e ochar i s mon co Fern d , Pro Am A d C forn

h . 1 899 . a 3 49 6 . ca . 4 : ar l evi s eta al c . . ( ) E leochari s mon ti co la v . Fern d , Pro Am A d Id o

2 0 . ca 2 1 : 3 59 . 1 9 h lnm E n elmanni a ll . i ch . . Tr i chop y l g F rwe , Rep A d .M 2 5 1 920 . 0 . l N at. 6 : M i d . n t olnm H u . Tr i chophy ll nm mo i c o se , Am 28 W a h h N orthw . SCi . 2 : 8 1 . 1 9 . S h St. ( E l e ochar i s m on ti co la var . pallid a t. Jo n ; Jo n Jones , s i ngton

mon t cola S h a 3 1 : 209 . 1 929 . E l eo chari s E ng elmanni var . i venson , R odor

i s eta S h a 3 1 : 2 1 0 . 1 929 . manni var m on ti co la . l ev E le ochari s E ngel . f venson , R odor 4 1 2 1 9 6 . i 2 9 . n r E n elmanni i ll a St. ll . u . Sc . : E le ochar i s obt sa va . g G y , Iow Co Jo r

- i a a R tu a i cul l 4 dm . esembling E . ob sa in h b t , the ms long ; sp kelets d rk to p le brown , li i — 16 l ca u acu a ac i ila u acu c 5 . obt se to te, cy ndr , mm ong ; s les obt se to te , ppressed ; henes s m r

tu i u ca b u c c m to those of E . ob sa but appear ng tr n te y the depressed t ber le whi h is not or e

- l a u uali ac than one fou rth the height of the body of the achene ; brist es bo t eq ng the hene ,

l c l u l uc a . retrorse y toothed, freq ent y red ed or king

E n m nn u i el a . TYPE LOCALITY : St. Lo s ( g )

S u h ai W a hi a u h i a and al i a . D ISTRIB UTION : o t ern M ne to s ngton [ st te] , so t to Georg C iforn

l . 67 c . . ca . 2 1 1 4 . 7 3 . I R Ill PI . : : i . . . . p , LLUST ATION S Br tt Brown , ed f ; Pro Am A d — P 2 h a I Fl i f S 1 2 6 3 . . 6 8 . 3 7 40 . a M an . . 7 . 1 8 3 . . 248 b a ll . . ac . t. : ; o or f ; A Gr y , ed f ; A r ms , f R d 1 l . 5 40 2 4 : . . p , f A m l ld c d . 27 l i s l F a P . . A . E eo char anc eo at a ern , ro ca 1 8 99 .

T h 2 i e o h llnm e tu m H i l a 6 2 5 1 9 0 . r l M . : lanc o a u . d . N t 0 . p y o se , Am 4 E l e h b n S i 2 1 92 . 1 9 6 . r s C c . ll . u . : oc a i o t sa var lanceolata i ll a St. . G y , Iow o Jo r

Cu l l l 2 m i l a -ﬂo r — 8 a a a c d . we d 5 . lms s ender , most c pi l ry, ere t , high ; sp ke ets m ny e , mm l a l a -la c la acu i a ca ca u acu i a ong, n rrow y ov te n eo te , m n te ; s les s rio s , te , l ght brown , with

i i i l li - a ac a l a 1 . as a a green sh m dr b ; hene bro d y obov te , mm ong , ght brown ; style b se bro d s

u i ac c l a — al as i as the s mm t of the hene , ompressed, e ong te deltoid, h f h gh the body of the ac l 6—7 i ac c a c . hene ; brist es , brown , o rse , ex eed ng the hene

al a a H ar e TYPE LOCALITY : Centr Ark ns s ( v y ) . n DISTRIBUTION : Arkansas a d Texas . 2 —2 h I l . : c . ca . 7 9 a 1 . . p , ; 4 : l . 5 40 . 5 . LLUSTRATION S Pro Am A d f R odor p , f

i M nl R d 1 5 . ac os ae s 3 1 2 s : 8 . 1 2 Ser e Sven on , ho ora 9 9 .

Sh a h acu at the a ach blac u li h -b chi e t s firm, te pex ; enes k or p rp s rown ; efly c a u al espitose nn s . ch l A enes mm . ong . ch l l i u A enes mm . ong ; not sto on fero s . ch l . la l i A enes mm ong ; p nts sto on ferou s . ch l A enes mm . ong . S i l u u all l a 2— l -fl e 8 . a o red ch p ke ets s y e ong ted , mm ong , m ny w ; a ene u l b a y at the u i . E tr o u u r e f req ent ro dest s mm t 3 0 . . a p rp a . S l a 1—2 l 3— -fl . 9 owe red . h la , a a a . E baham ens s p e ets ov te , 3 1 . i . ik mm ong ( B m Is nds ) . Sh a h b a u - a c c at the a i al . b i r e t e e t s mem r no s m r es ent pex ; perenn s Su ser es O c a a . a u ach li a M t re enes o v ceou s . Cu l i i c i cu u l hi c a l ms not r g d or onsp o s y t kened, r re y exceeding i n . i h mm w dt . S l -b a c i c - ubula ach li h l ty e se on s te ; enes g t y pu n ctate . — S yl ba l ow-c i c ach l i u i all i a t e se on ; enes ong t d n y str te . u l i i u l cu — - g , q y 2 . i l b C ms r d fre ent re rved, often mm w de ; sty e ase low - c oni c . a u ach bl ac u li h-b M t re enes k to p rp s rown . Scal y ll ach - es e ow to green ; enes mm . long ; style base coni c ; b i l hi r st es w te . E e 3 5 . . flaves c ns . Sca u l h -b blac ach les p rp is rown to k ; enes mm . long, i ncl u d i n h - g t e ubu la y l ba ; b i l i h -b E ma u los a s te st e se r st es redd s rown . 3 6 . . c . 2 8 . l i s car ib ae R B k R d a ottb . l E eo char ( ) a e , ho ora 20 : 24 1 1 . 9 8 .

S ci r u s eni c u latus p . S . g L P1. 48 . 1 7 53 i n ar L p , t. O S l t S 1 2 1 1 62 . . . 7 . 7 i p N t p P ed 0 S ci u s c ar i bae ns Rottb D e p . P scr . l R r . ar . 24 . 1 7 72 .

See u E . e le ans note nder g . PART 19 CYPERACEAE 5 2 1 9, 57]

E hl u 2 2 5 1 5 . i l tu mi n or a . : 1 . 80 S ci rpu s ge n cu a s 3 V , n m P ro r 22 5 1 8 1 u ali a d . . 0 . t . E leoc hari s capi ata R . Br ( A str ) 2 li r 2 5 . 1 8 1 u a a Pr . 0 d . ea . o E l eoc hari s s e tac R . B r ( A str ) 2 1 1 S . Ve . 1 50 . 8 7 . t S . : E leochari s geni cn la a R . y st g 24 E 1 8 . e a 2 88 . t i n S S . V . . : u . E l eochari s cad ca Schu ltes R . y st g M nt ( gy p )

2 4 2 5 . 0 . 1 8 S . : S ci rpus B r owni i Spreng . y st 1

n t tu s i n W h C . . . 1 1 2 . 1 83 4 . E leogen s c api a N ees i g t , ontr Bot Ind - 8 2 l 1 8 6 2 1 0 . 1 h h a . : 6 . l . c . ca . a E le ochari s mi crofor mi s B u ck Pro A d P i ( Nort ern Tex s . ) i a 8 2 . a 3 . 1 8 Hi ll . Gaz . : E . 7 E leochar i s di s ar . p J , Bot ( Ind n ) 4 5 . h rb Wi . . 2 7 : 56 . 1 89 Chlor ochari s capi tata Rikli , Ja . ss Bot

t r di s ar al Rh a 8 : 1 2 9 . 1 9 06 . E le har i s ca i ta a va . oc p p , Fern d , odor

di s ar l a h a 20 : 24 . 1 9 1 8 . h r c ri bae a var . E l eoc a i s a p B ke , R odor

h M u s . u ll H . 84 1 6 e ar S tokes i i . . . : 0 . 1 93 1 . l i E leochar i s car i ba a v . F B Brown , Bis op B ( Po y nes a )

— m ia and ulca C i cu 4 d . a i esp tose ; lms ﬁrm , high , str te s te ; she ths prom nent , str a mineous u ua l a a and a ﬁrm l u a ua a i u , s l y with brown b se , ob iq e , often tten te pex ; sp kelets s b

l i u a —ﬂowered cal a - i cu a al ca il i g obose or ovo d , obt se , m ny ; s es ov te orb l r , most rt ag no u s to

a u ll a l biﬁd a 2 3 ac —1 membr no s , ye ow to p le brown ; sty e ; st mens or ; hene obovoid , mm .

u u - lac u l i - a a a a bu t u uall long, l stro s b k to p rp ish , the spongy , wh tened style b se v ri ble in sh pe s y

u c l 6—8 c a c i ac cca i al lac i m h depressed ; brist es , o rse , brown , ex eed ng the hene or o s on ly k ng . i TYPE LOCALITY : Jama ca . : S u h C a l a l a a Cal a a a ch a O a i DISTRIBUTION o t ro in , F orid , Tex s , iforni , Indi n , M i ig n , nt r o ; l The i l i ibu ci E le h i s oc ar . tropi c s of the O ld and N ew Wor ds . most w de y d str ted spe es of I l i I 1 5 . 3 ll Fl 2 I R B c . . : ottb . . p , ; . , . . . . 1 : 3 1 3 . . 7 64 LLUSTRATION S eser f Br tt B rown ed f , i 3 44 h 2 244 l M u s N ac . u ay , M an . . 7 . 1 8 . . ; a . . 4 : 0 ; a 3 1 : l . 1 91 Gr ed f An B enos A res R odor p , l 3 s H ele hari s e n l . 45 48 D c l . S . la . g . 4 : p . 5 8 a oc g ni c ata . f , ; es o e , Gen p P nt Ar ent ( ) N OTE : The development of rootstocks i n thi s speci es i s very rare bu t occu rs sometimes i n du ca and i n cca i al h i c a ci as ll as i n the E i a E . c a i gypt n o s on ot er Afr n spe mens , we one or two spec E n te s i ni i i . mens from the Flori da Key s ; see note on . S

2 l i s i nt ni su B k Bei r C 1 1 1 S e . t . . : 6 . 9 . 888 E eo char oc yp .

l l u 1 59 2 i b 6 . 1 9 . u ba . E eocha i s Sha eri i . : 0 O r f Br tton , Mem Torrey C ( r ente , C ) é i i E e c i s nn nen i i Wi l Sc . Su i 2 l o ar y si s ; . c 5 : 9 . 1 923 . u i q Br tton Br tton son , rv Porto R o ( P erto i co . )

Re e r . 2 3 2 2 n . C t S . . : 1 9 1 9 6 . u b H e leochari s E kmann Kii ke th . p p Nov ( a ) K k n R S m cr a u ii e th e ert. . 2 3 1 92 2 e l . 1 9 H el ocha i s de bi i s . a . : . 6 r a i l . f sens p p Nov . ( Br z )

R -c i a - c ulm ﬁliform — c c s 3 dm . ootsto ks wide reep ng to m tted lignes ent ; , long , often and u a u ca a s a u u a acu i n short rigid , irreg l rly s l te ; she th str mineo s to p rple , the pex te , not

flated u ua l - flowered ll c- a c a a u acu cal ; spikelets s l y few , e ipti l n eol te to ov te , obt se to te ; s es u u a u a i u u l i a a 2 3 a obt se to s b c te , str m neo s to p rp e , often w th green midrib ; st mens o r , nthers bifid ac i cu la a mm . long ; sty le ; henes lent r , n rrowly obovoid , mm . long , shining ac s - a c u u a s i ual bl k ; tyle b se onic to s b l te ; bristle l ght brown to white , eq ing or ex ceeding the achene .

: a a ad al S c i n fossi s u i c TYPE LOCALITY Prope B y mon P o e o , P erto R o .

DI STRIBUTION : Cub a ; Pu erto Ri co . 1 5 4 . 3 6 . I : h a 4 1 : l . LLUSTRATION S R odor p , f , E ili E e l Si n teni si h u l babl b lac u the a a . d bi i s . T N OTE : . i s o d pro y e p ed nder Br z n he Specimens i u l i b h a 4 1 49 1 93 9 Bi i Ke l i a c : . prev o s y ted y me ( R odor ) from g P ne y , F or d , seem to represent E baea i h ar l . . c i w t a very rare deve opment of rootstocks

l i s u R z 0 u . u um 3 . E eo ch ar atrop rp rea ( et ) K nth, En 1 8 37 .

S ci r us t u u eu bs 1 4 9 r r r O . 5 : . 1 7 8 . p a op p s Retz . I s le i s u u e S . e . 2 1 6 1 1 o S . tr r V : 0 8 7 . p a op rp a R . y st g E leo i ton at o u r u r e D S . Pl 2 1 8 . r . : 97 . 3 3 g p p a A . ietr . p E le o enns at u r u r e u s i n i h 1 4 o W . . . 1 3 . 1 83 g r p p Nees g t , Contr Bot Ind . E e l a 20 24 i l a l o har i s L er e hi h ttl . 1 c s c i S u F or : . 1 83 7 . ( Sw tzer nd ) u - 4 i r s er r ati cu s a D e i N 6 . 1 8 6 . al Sc . at. . 5 : 3 6 . S c p Rot ; Not . Ann . III ( It y ) I le i s e ti li i h F b 2 49 1 8 52 b i i s o s o c . . l . . : 8 . . a p f a A . R Tent A y ss ( A y ss n ) E l 2 2 1 5 . al . eocha s Z di n l Fl al . 8 r : 6 7 . ri ana ii Par . . It ( It y ) E e n 1 8 5 5 i a l ochar i s m onandr H h S C 5 . N h u . S . . 7 . c . a o c st . ; te d y y p ( ort ern Afr ) I le i l 8 5 5 ahi a a i l s o s a lo chr u S n . 1 oa S . C . 9 1 . . . p te d y yp ( B , Br z ) I so le h n al is di c r oa u 1 1 8 5 5 . S . S . C . 9 . p Ste d . y y p ( eneg ) E leocha t n l ri s er ra i ca S u S C . 7 9 . 1 8 5 5 . a . te d . y . y p ( It y ) E leo ch m i 8 . r i s nl t h m Fl S . 5 1 7 . 1 60 l a a i . S . ﬂor a C ap . . U ( F or d ) M i N 2 4 2 n u H dl . at. 6 0 1 9 Tri cho h ll m atro r u r eum u . : . 0 . p y p p o se , Am RT A ER A RA O UM 18 522 NO H M I C N FLO [V L E ,

— a l a c a cua a D ual c cul 3 12 cm . high c pi l ry, ere t or r te ; she ths deep warf ann , espitose ; ms , - — i 2 8 . a a li u and a nua ; p , mm brown at the b se , the firm pex ob q e often tte te s ikelet oblong ovo d - i u u ca a a u l u a flowered cal u l c ; , , , long , m ny , the lower s es freq ent y de d o s s les ov te membr no s b nt — a i and ; l bifid ; a 1 3 ; achenes strongly with bro d , green m drib deep brown sides sty e st mens u u u l i cu la i u l at , . , , flattened , ent r , obovo d , freq ent y widest the s mmit mm long smooth l stro s - l - a i u a a u - u black to translu cent cherry red ; sty e b se m n te , fl ttened, bo t one fo rth the width of i l l r a uc an ac uc a . the achene ; brist es s ende , tr nsl ent , shorter th the hene , often red ed or w nt ng

K n : al cu a i a oe i . TYPE LOCALITY C tt , Ind ( g) i n am a : a l a b a a a l a DISTRIBUTION : Sporadi cally d p s nd Georgi , F orid , N e r sk , Iow , Co or do , L h l a a i c i c the O ld and W l La L a W ashi ngton ( ake C e n ) , Tex s ; Mex o ; trop s of N ew or ds ; ke em n , ' SW It erl and ; northern Italy . — n I A : Hu snot ac a l . 1 7 la I ll C . l . 3 6 . 6 9 . ay M a . ; , yp , Gr , LLUSTR TION S , Cy per e e p C rke p f ; A A l . 5 . D l S l a . : 7 81 . 4 243 h a 3 1 : l . 1 91 . 49 c . 82 . . g 7 . 1 p . ; es o e, Gen p nt r ent ed f ; R odor p , f P A

2 1 1 h i B k Bei r 1 890 . i m n s s t . C . : . 1 l s b a a e . 3 . E eo char oc yp

‘ 8 E t o u r u r ea u h 1 3 7 . N ot . a r m 2 : 1 9 . 5 . 00 E leo h ri s atro u r u rea u Cla S b . . 6 c a p p sens rke , y Ant p p K nt , h m 2 9 1 9 . a 6 . 00 m t tr i ha ar S c hwei ni tzi i l a S b . . : ? E leochar i s ca p o c v . B C rke, y Ant ( Per ps from

Bri ti sh Gu i ana. )

D n li a ul u u al l 2— m ca lla - ac u warf a d spr aw ng, m tted ; c ms of neq ength , 5 c . long , pi ry set eo s ,

u cu l ua a ula and li l u ca a u a ere ct or re c rved , obs re y q dr ng r ght y s l te pex of the pper she th ﬁrm ,

l u 1 — 2 u — - ﬂ r li u l a . a a 3 9 owe ed ob q e , e ong ted ; spike et min te , mm long , in fr it bro dly ov te , ;

ca a u acu i u - i a i ac i u a u s les membr no s , t sh , p rplish brown , w th green midr b ; hene m n te , bo t lac and u ac li u - a al i i ci mm . long, b k shining , the s rf e s ghtly ro ghened ; style b se p l d, d s form , a i cu la c a u - i ac 6 p te in the enter , bo t two th rds the width of the hene ; bristles , slender , of u ual a li a ac i l u a neq length , ttle shorter th n the hene , wh te , retrorse y toothed , nited to form i prom nent base .

aha a TYPE LOCALITY B m s . h DISTRIB UTION : B a amas . I 1 1 1 h a 3 l . 9 . 5 1 : : . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

2 l i l i L . s T Y 3 . A . c N 3 1 . 00 . 8 . . : 3 36 E eo char o vac ea orr nn y .

S ci r u s o li vacens u 2 7 58 . 1 9 . . : 8 1 . p K ntze , Rev Gen Tri cho h llnm o li vace nm H M i dl . N at 6 2 u . . : 0 5 2 p y o se , Am . 1 9 0 . E le h r oc ari s acci da va . oli vacea i h 3 . . a 7 : 1 5 5 . 1 9 ﬂ Fern Gr se R odor 3 5 .

Cu n cu 2- 1 5 cm m i n lms light green , ofte de mbent , . long ( 3 d . elongate plants from the u a a and ffu u so thern st tes ) , fl ttened grooved, di sely t fted from slender rootsto cks apex of the upp a a u but cu u ila i l - i acu 2 — er she th membr no s not conspi o sly d ted ; sp ke ets oblong ovo d , te , 0 30 — flowered , 3 7 . cal a a a u and l a mm long ; s es ov te , r ther membr no s oosely imbric ted, with green and i u u keel brown sides , somet mes green thro gho t ; style bifid ; stamens 2 or 3 ; achene obo i a at a 1 . l li a th u vo d, n rrowed the b se , mm ong, o ve to d rk brown , e s rface pu nctulate and - a c c ; l a e c i c li a u a - c at a - often m r es ent sty e b s on , ght green , nn l r thi kened the b se , one fou rth as i as ac a u u a — w de the hene , sometimes prolonged into s b l te beak ; bristles 6 8 ( u sually green a u - a or hitish, op q e or semi tr nsluc ent exceeding the achene retrorsely toothed w , , .

“ ” TYPE LOCALITY : Pi ne barrens of New Jersey " : Chi e ﬂ a th e DISTRIBUTION y ne r coast from Nova Scoti a and south ern N ew Bru nswi ck to i i i a i g , l a the a La Wi c i and i C V r n n nd to Gre t kes , s ons n , M nnesota ; also i n Sou th aroli na Aiken ( ) , th g a S and l i a nor ern Geor i ( tone western F or d . i : . 1 11. I . . 2 . 1 2 , : 3 1 . 762 , Gm M an 7 1 82 LLU STRATION S Br tt Brown PI ed f ; A y ed . . . . 242 h ; a 3 1 : l . 1 91 . 43 4 1 l o or p , ; : . 5 41 . 2 . f R d f p , f

‘

33 . l i s Sch aﬂ n ri B k B e . ahr E eo char oc ot . J b . 7 : 27 1 4 . 886 .

H e leochar i s exi li s c . Beitr C . . 1 1 6 Bo y : . 1 888 . Mexi o k p ( c . )

C pi ; cul li ca i l — es tose ms ght green , p l ary setaceo u s s reading sul cate 3 5 cm , , p , , . high ; apex upp a a u ca l of the er she th membr no s , s r ce y i nflated obtu se s ikelet ovate somewhat acute , ; p , , — 2 3 l — - . 7 15 flo mm ong, wered ; cal a u s es membr no s , green , sometimes with light reddi sh or i a l a u bron e s des , bro d y ov te , obt se or acute ; style bifid stamens 2 or 3 achene mm z ; ; . - l li u ac ong , o ve green , the s rf e with elongate black striations style-base very small flattened ; , . 5 23 PART 9, 1957] CY PERACEAE

l a cu a - u as as ac s s 6 or 7 a gray, s ightly pi l te , one fo rth wide the hene ; bri tle , white , somewh t n ac shorter tha the hene . TYPE LOCALITY : San Lu i s Potosi ( S chaﬁner DISTRIBUTION : Mexi co ; Hondu ras ; Gu atemal a ; Costa Ri ca. 9 I : h a 3 1 l . 1 91 . 3 . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

2 1 1 8 49 . 7 . i um PI . 3 4 l i s S ll w u . : 3 . E eo char e o ana K nth, En

1 842 2 03 . 1 . n a Fl a . : 1 E leogenns S elloui anns Nees i M rt . . Br s _ 5 5 u a a . 8 . n C . 7 9 1 E le h h m on ma u S . oc ari s o y Ste d . y yp ( G i n )

h Li a a 3 6 43 8 . 1 8 u c ? : 70 . H e l eochar i s albi vagi nata 6 m acr os tac y a Bock . nn e ( P erto Ri o ) 2 2 3 1 . 1 87 9 . i Ott. 4 : Ge s . . G u l ri Abb . S ci rp s S el owi anu s G seb . W ss E h u a . k ah rb 8 2 06 . 1 887 . c H e l e h i s i nata B6 . . : oc ar s cri povag c . Bot J ( Nort ern dor )

r 2 5 1 96 . ca . h 3 . 8 a Z ei tsc . : H B k ll . eleochari s Pi tti er i dc . A g . Bot ( Cost Ri ) m H H 6 54 1 92 1 m n i b . 5 : . . E l h l ar ho o a . eoc ar i s el owi ana v . S y Pfe ffer , er la a la E le chari s ala a ens i s S h a 3 1 : 2 3 3 . 1 929 . a . o g p g venson , R odor ( G p gos Is nds )

—1 ua — 2 C a and c 8 5 cm . u . ulms n umero u s , rigid , somewh t spongy thi kened , long, s lly mm

dr ia c c u a a ali wide when y , str te , onstri ted below the spikelet ; pper she th with divided , hy ne , i l —1 l acu a - ﬂo ered a a fugacio u s apex ; sp ke ets 5 0 mm . long, e lipsoid , te , m ny w ; sc les ppressed ,

u e ca a u a a n s on ac i oblong , obt s , s rcely keeled , str mineo s , with n rrow brow tripe e h s de of i —1 a a e u i - cu a the midrib ; style b ﬁd ; stamens 3 ; achene mm . long , bro dly obov t , t rg d lenti l r ,

a a at a ac u m u l a - a l - a somewh t ﬂ ttened the m rgin , oliv eo s , shining, in te y bl ck stri te ; sty e b se ll - -c c acu mar inulate a u - u as as ye owish green , short oni , te , g below , bo t one fo rth wide the i - an c a 8 l a . chene bristles 7 or , g stening white , shorter th the hene i TYPE LOCALITY : Braz l . i i al u h i DISTRIBUTION : Costa R ca ; trop c So t Amer ca. I L L U TRA TI O al M u N u i 3 4 8 h 1 l 1 1 s ac 4 : 3 a 3 . 9 . 42 al S s . . . : . An B enos A res ; R odor p , f ; An M Hi 1 D 2 N at. i . 3 l . 3 . 6 c l S la l . 5 u s . 7 . : . . . . 4 : st . Montev deo II p , f ; es o e, Gen p P nt Argent p

l i ﬂ v sc ns i b mb . s a e e P U A 3 5 . S . . E eo char ( o r ) r an , y nt 4 1 1 1 90 . : 6 . 3

i r u en n m E 6 5 6 1 8 4 S c s avesc s i i L a . c 7 c . : . . p ﬂ Po r . n y 0

S . . Su ? S ci r u s acci dn i ch b . l . S 1 28 S i a s . 3 8 u . p ﬂ Re en ; preng f Tent pp y st . . . ( r n me ) th D S P . 2 1 8 aeo ron vescens i . l a : 9 . 1 3 3 . B y ﬂ A . etr p . E u P u n n l . 2 1 57 . 1 83 i ci r s Gandi c ha di an s u th . S p K n , n m : 7 . ( Braz l . ) 1 E l e n e tn i n F1 a 2 2 842 i n i eo n s ocr a s a . . . : 1 0 . 1 a . babl a l . g N ees M rt Br s , p rt ( Pro y from Br z )

E l eoc har i s o hr eata u n . . 1 8 5 . S C . 79 5 c Ste d . y yp

h e s S n . C 8 . 1 8 5 5 . a il u . 3 . S ci r p s ba i n i s Steu d . y yp ( Br z ) 4 i Fl i . . 8 6 . r u c r e tns W . 57 0 1 S ci p s o a G r seb . . Br t . Ind H e le h ' t B k Li a a 3 6 43 1 8 r bi n : . oc a i s al vagi a a OC . nn e 7 . 70 H h n i h i n Sau v . al . a i ab u n e t W c . C . a a 8 80 . 8 u b i r s a i soc a s . a S c p C r g t An A d n : 1 7 1 . ( C ) H e e k ll Z its h r 2 2 89 i e c . 0 . 1 6 . a l . ? l o char i s Ur bani B6 c . A g . Bot . : ( Br z ) h n i ll Z e i s h r 4 i H eleoc ari s D ss ana ac . . . t c . 2 : 5 . 1 89 6 i u a . B k A g Bot . ( M rt n q e ) m 2 6 5 1 9 H el eo h r s c d ba S b . : 1 . 00 . c a i a ci a . fl Ur n , y Ant m li 1 e 69 . 1 900 . ll ? E le har i s th r a s b . . Y . . a . Y oc . : a i . Ry d Mem N Bot G rd ( e owstone P rk , Wyom ng ) E 2 S . . S . 1 8 . 903 . i E le ochar i s r ati cola i S all Fl . 1 l a p Br tton ; m , U ( F or d ) H M h h llnm c hr eatnm u . idl N at. 6 205 . 1 92 . Tr i c o o . : 0 p y o se, Am R e r n e S . 23 2 H e l h r r s ces cens Kii kenth t. b eoc a i s acci da va . . . : 1 9 1 1 9 6 . u a fl f p p Nov . ( C ) E h es cens r nsces ens S h a 1 1 leoc ari s av va . c 4 : 48 . 9 39 . fl f venson , R odor

Cu - d ua l n 4 m . u a x lms slender , light green , long, s l y soft d la , striate , in small speci c i a i a a a o u i i a mens sometimes be om ng somewh t r gid ; pex of the she th membr n s , wh te , nﬂ ted ; i — u l - 2 6 . a ac u a c to a c la a u sp kelets mm long, ov te , te or bl nt ; sc les e lipti oblong l n eo te , membr no s ,

a l a biﬁd a 3 a u ac e lu u p le green or yel owish ( r rely brown ) ; style ; st mens ; m t r e hen stro s , l - - u . a u ac u u c u a l a p rp ish brown , mm long, obov te , the s rf e min tely p n t l te ; sty e b se green , c c acu l 6 7 a i — an ac l oni , te ; brist es or ( r rely none) , shin ng white , shorter th the hene , retrorse y

toothed . i TYPE LOCALITY : P u erto R co . : D l a a i i i a S u h a li a l i a i i i i i c DISTRIBUTION e w re, V rg n , o t C ro n , F or d , M ss ss pp ; Mex o ; West i S u h i a Ind es ; o t Amer c . I L U TRATI N i I - L S O ll . Fl s : . 2 . 1 2 . . 3 1 . 7 1 Bi H : 6 h S a a l . . v . . . Br tt B rown , ed f ; . Vet Ak d nd 2 l . M n . 1 a 2 1 . a . 7 . 1 8 1 . . 4 Rh p , ; Gr y , e . a 3 1 : l . 1 91 . 47 as E . acci da ; f A d f odor p , f ( ﬂ ) 1 l D 4 : . 5 41 . 1 c l S la p . . . . 4 : l . 5 43 . , f ; es o e, Gen p P nt Argent p

N : E . therm ali s the b ach are la l and the b i l OTE In rown enes rger mm . ong) r st es l h l c N e ls n the ach A . 674 h 42 : o 7 . m ibb n i M E es g y a W . . J on s i t ex eed ene fro G on C y on , y om ng ; 1 882 St La ’ . c ali i a M as on 6 Smi th 83 7 6 S lli ali i a an d in from wren e , C forn ; from ne ng, C forn ; pre su mabl Ti des trom 3 84 W a a ch h h . a . ll c i h u l h a y from s t Mts , Ut T ese co e t ons s o d per aps be segreg ted as a c m c E . ther ali s b distin t spe ies , Ryd . 5 24 NORTH AMERICA N FLO RA [VOL UME 18

l i s m u l s V l R . . s . V . 36 . E eo char ac o a ( ah ) S Sy t eg 1 8 1 7 2 : 1 54 .

' 5 4 1 8 0 . 2 2 7 . n i i hl E u . : S c rl i ts ni ac los s Va , n m - 2 1 842 ﬁ n n r -tns v ar 2 albo ater i n a . PI. a . 1 0 . de c l . E lbob e s oc ea . B N ees M rt Br s , Bo ke er '

B a l l . 42 hi tn r bi nocr eatu s i n a . Fl . a . 2 : 1 03 . 1 8 ﬁde c l . e i zr ea s va . 3 E leod i f o B Nees M rt Br s , Bo ke er

( Brazi l . ) 1 B r 1 2 1 42 a2 1 . 2 1 0 . 8 . Fl . a . : E leog enns S cho tti anns Nees in M art . Br s ( ) 8 5 5 n 9 . 1 as s . S n . C . 7 S u . E l eochari s bi nocr en ata Nees ; te d y yp , y

8 5 5 . 7 9 . 1 S n . C . E l e ochari s S cho tti ana Steu d . y y p 2 l 1 8 1 1 50 . 1 87 . a l . k M edde . 7 : i den s . H e le ochar i s Glazi ovi an a B ack . V ( Br zi ) E 1 88 . cu a . r 2 5 . 7 h b . 8 : 0 k . a H e leochar i s L e hm anni ana BOc . Bot J ( dor ) 2 1 9 0 . N 2 5 . M i l at. 6 : 0 d . nm m a nl s nm H u . Tr i chophy ll c o o se, Am — i i l l a ca a u cul 7 35 cm . c a a Sto ons e ong te , st neo s ; ms long , ere t , str te , r gid ; pex of the la ca i u and u l 5—12 i u u l . u pper sheath consp c o s y en rged , s r o s r gose ; spike ets mm long , ovoid to

a c a a -flow ered cal l i ca cal a a u t l n eol te , m ny , the s es dense y mbri ted ; s es ov te , r ther bl n , firm , i u li - l ac i ca i u a i l i cula i a i sh ning, p rp sh brown to b k w th s r o s m rg ns , the owest orb r w th prom i l bifid a 3 ac i a at a nent green midr b ; sty e ; st mens ; hene obovo d, n rrowed the b se , mm . clu i t - a i i - lac u ac u - long ( in d ng the s yle b se) , sh n ng b k , the s rf e ro ghened ; style base half as as ac li i a ila a and a a u u a a wide the hen e, ght brown , w th d ted b se n rrow s b l te be k ; bristles 7 8 i - u ual l u u a l uali ac or , redd sh brown , of neq ength , some s l y eq ng the hene , the retrorse u u teeth small but very n mero s .

R har TYPE LOCALITY : Gu adelou pe ( i c d) . DISTRIBUTION : Gu atemala ; G u adelou pe ; M artiniqu e ; D ominica ; Venez u el a ; Colombi a ; E i i a i l cu ador ; Bol v a ; Br z . 0 M N a u 3 4 4 9 h I u s . : al c . : 3 a 3 1 l 1 LLU STRATION S n . B enos res ; o or p . 91 . 40 D c l A Ai R d , f ; es o e ,

4 l . 5 3 . S l a . . : Gen . p . P nt Argent p

i P ln t i o m e s s 6 . a s r r s e R d 3 1 : 1 28 1 2 Ser e f Sv n on , ho ora . 9 9 .

u s i P ln t e R d 3 1 1 2 s a s r s s : 8 . 1 2 S b er e Sven on , ho ora 9 9 .

a al cal the i l li a and a hi c l l ci cli B s s es of sp ke et so t ry sp t form, omp ete y en r ng he ba th e i l t se of sp ke et . ch i l i cu l a - i A enes prom nent y ret te p tted . u b cl i a l u ali l a ha the ach i l T er e ovo d , ne r y eq ng or rger t n ene ; sp ke ets c a a u u li h Sea c a l a . a h u b c . 3 E kamt , 7 . . s chat st neo s to p rp s o sts A sk to nort ern Q e e i ca . u b cl a i al u ch all h a th e ach S i T er e py r m d , m sm er t n ene ; p kelets cas

tan eou s . a th e c a a achu L u i i C b a a u a. 8 E 3 . . l N e r o st, M ss setts to o s n ; fal ax. ch h ai l i cu la A enes smoot to f nt y ret te . - — Cu lms elongate fili form ; spikelets 3 0 4 0-fl owe r ed with obtu se s cales ; u b cl c i c l 02 - 4 0 5 . i at the ba u b t er e on , on y mm w de se . Q e ec to the a i th e g a l ai . 9 E h m r n of re t ns 3 . . er t r o G P y po da. u l u u all hi c u l i a i i l a C ms s y t ker, freq ent y nfl ted or r g d y fl ttened . S i l -fl owe red the 5—3 0 l p ke ets few , s ca es u su ally l u strou s pu rpl e ; ub cl c i c l . i at the ba Sea t er es on , on y mm w de se . c a H u Ba i , y i i a . 4 E h 0 . l o sts son to V rg n . a o h d p i la . S i l u l a -fl owe re d h p e ets fre ent y m ny , t e scales stramineou s to k . q u l h ; u b cl - l i l a c l a p rp is t er es depressed de to d to n eo te . Western h ca ort mer . 4 1 E m N A i . . acr os ta h c y a . a al cal th e l u B s s es of spike et su ally 2 or 3 below th e thi nner fertile s cales , the l ci cli th e ba th e i l owest not en r ng se of sp ke et . - u b cl l i the cal acum i a an h T er es depressed de to d , s es n te , d t e cu lms wi ry n the u h a th e a the i i so t ern p rt of r nge , ent re pl ant c ommonly becom i n g , ith l a ub cl h a soft w e ong te t er es , nort w rd . Newfou ndl and to laba a the a i m , west to re t l a ns . A G P 42 . E . Smalli i . - ub cl l i l a c l a cu l a i T er es depressed de to d to n eo te ; ms v r able . Western h ca ort mer . 4 E m N A i 1 . . acros t h ac y a .

7 l 3 . c a i s kam s c a i c a E eo h r t h t C . M Kom Fl Pen ( eyer) . . . Kamtsch 1 2 . : 07 . 192 7 .

S ci r us ham l s h ti p c a cns . M em - . ca S P C . y , t. é ter sb S . E av . tt 1 1 9 Me er . : 8 . 1 A d 83 1 . E leo cha s n e t a a . p a . . y , ca . . r Gr Mem m 6 : 4 1 7 . 1 8 59 i n p rt i A A A d II a . ,

Loosely stolonifero u s with ﬁliform culms — 3 dm . i h gh , mm . wide ; sheaths l i , c ; pi ca a u u li - — redd sh ose s kelets st neo s to p rp sh, oblong lan ceolate 4 1 2 , mm . long, loosely - ﬂo wered a al ca a l i au — few ; b s s le mp ex c l ; fertile scales 1 0 20 a l a r bro d y ov te, ounded at the 5 25 PART 9, 1957] CY PERA CEAE

— l ac . i ca a u u c ac u a 2 . t p , st neo s , s b ori eo s ; nthers mm ong ; henes obovoid, mm long, ca b - c l ula lu u cl a ua i mm . wide , pped y the spongy e l r , mitriform , b nt t ber e ne rly eq l ng o r l a i a l larger than the achene ; brist es v r b e . h TYPE LOCALITY : K amc atka .

f 9 6 . a a c . h a 4 : 6 DISTRIB UTION : Lab rador ; Q u ebec ; Alaska ; e stern Asi . ( R odor

4 3 2 3 3 . I L L U S TRAT I O N s : h a 3 1 : l . 1 8 . R odor p , f , h N nni lnmi s i n a i ca au . OTE : E . g ( p rt) of Amer n t ors

2 1 22 l f h R d 24 : 3 . 9 . i s ll W eat . 38 . E eo char a ax ho ora

2 u a H le h k R e r S 92 1 9 6 . b e oc ari s n ervosa Kii enth . e t . . 23 : 1 . p . p Nov ( C ) E l e h 4 9 a oc ari s ambi ens al h a 3 7 : 3 9 . 1 3 5 . g Fern d , R odor ( Virgini )

- u —2 c Loosely stolonifero u s or subce spito se with pu rpli sh castaneo s stolons mm . thi k ; cu u i i al — i a ca a u u i c ac u and sub lms s br g d , p e , 7 dm . h gh ; she ths st neo s o r p rpl sh , ori eo s —1 l u l i acu 4 0 . tr n cate at the apex ; spikelets l an ceolate or narrow y o vo d , te , mm long , loose y

- ﬂo w r d al a l caul u l a at a il ca a c a few e e ; lowest s c e mp exi , m ch e ong ted the b se ; fert e s les l n eol te

a acu u a u l i a al a i ac li i - c ov te , te or s b c te , pa e brown w th hy ine m rg n ; hene el pso d obovoid, onvex — u l 3 a l ll c ca a u a u . to obt se y ng ed , y e ow , often be oming st neo s when m t r e , mm long lu i ll u ac ( ex c d ng the py r amidal tu ber cl e which i s much sma er than the achene) , the s rf e

l u c a - cu a l a a prominent y p n t te reti l te ; brist es v ri ble in length .

’ : h and b ac i h i b D i ah Ya u h a a TYPE LOCALITY Fres r k s spr ngy order of n s Pond , rmo t , M ss h c u setts . : l the c a u h a achu L u i i a a a a a a DISTRIBUTION A ong o st, so t ern M ss setts to o s n ; Tex s ( M t gord u B echtold uba Co nty , ) ; C . I h l 3 8 1 —8 7 . . : a 3 7 : . LLUSTRATION S R odor p , f Th - S i the N OTE : e ach enes of th i s speci es vary from lenti c u l ar to bl u ntly 3 angled . omet mes a i the i m a are 3 - a u l l i ll be u i n a S i l m jor ty of st g s p rted , more freq ent y on y one or two w fo nd p ke et , h ma be i 2 - l li b the u b c i as th e l a E . a lax a or t ey y ent re y p rted f forms nk etween two s se t ons, “ ” “ ” a alla and ambi en u n mes f x g s s ggest .

l 9 i s thr 1 8 . . r d 76 . 55 3 E eo char e y O p o da Steu . Syn . Cyp .

- S ci r i s lant a s F 4 4 u m E leocha i s lanca S . 4 1 82 . lau c s L a . 1 79 1 . l . . S p p Torr U . . Not g , nor r g Bi 6 c1 E leochari s l F 4 i i i ca va l . . . 2 3 6 . 1 84 . al c . Torr . N Y : 3 A prov s on spe es E leochari s lu tri v r 2 l n 22 4 a s s a . ca va a M a . 5 . 1 8 8 . p A . Gr y , Tri cho h ll nm lns tr e r l a m H 2 a M idl N t. 6 205 1 9 0 . va . ca v u a : . p y p o se, Am . . Loosely stolonifero u s with capillary or slender rhizomes and stolons ; cu lms u sually a l ﬁliform a l u a a a u cl ne r y , r re y mm . wide , s bterete ; she ths red or c st neo s , very ose ,

a u l n l the pex freq ent y darkened a d almost tr un cate ; spikelets l an ceo ate , cm . long ,

30—40-ﬂo wer ed i c , with the appressed basal s cale completely encir cl ng the culm ; fertile s ales

a . ac a a a u a a brown ; nther s mm long ; henes obov te , d rk brown when m t re , ver ging l l u i l i . . c c c u c and . a a mm ong ( in d ng the short , oni t ber le ) mm wide ; brist es v r ble

Ohi ank TYPE LOCALITY : o ( Fr ) . : a l a and a ch i n calca u : a and DISTRIBUTION M rgins of kes stre ms , ieﬂy reo s regions C pe B reton u b c H u Ba and a i ba u h i i i a lli i i u i O lah a Q e e to dson y M n to , so t to V rg n , Tennessee , I no s , M sso r , k om , and b a Ne r ska. I L L U S TRA TI O s h 3 1 2 a : pl . 1 8 . 1 5 1 6 4 1 : l . 5 47 . 1 5 . R odor , f , ; p , f ,

0 l i s h 1 h l 4 . a 0 il a F ld B k F d E eo char p erna 8: rac ett ; erna , R d 1 9 . ho ora 3 7 : 395 . 3 5

E leochari s nni lnmi s r halo h l va . i l h 1 2 29 a a 8: ac a 3 : 7 . 1 9 . g p Fern d Br kett , R odor

L l i u u i ul u i — i c 2 5 dm . oosely sto on fero s with slender p rpl sh stolons ; ms s brig d, h gh a u li acu e at a s a c a a i acu she ths p rp sh, t the pex ; spikelet l n eol te or n rrowly ovo d , te , loosely 5- 30-ﬂowered cal a caul - u u acu ; lowest s e mplexi ; fertile s cales l an ceol ate ovate , ac te or s b te , u uall u u - u l ac u ua l a uci a a a i . s y l stro s p rple ; hene s l y d rk l d brown , obov te , ver g ng mm ong c u i - l l n i l u u c a d a a 1 . ( ex l ding the ovo d de toid , sometimes b biform t ber le ) pprox m te y mm wide, u ac a i a l the s rf e smooth ; bristles brown , v r b e in length .

: ac i h a h t th a e u h a u i u b c . TYPE LOCALITY B r k s m rs es mo t of Bon vent re R ver , Q e e : l a a h H u Ba and u l a i i i a . DISTRIBUTION Borders of s t m rs es , dson y Newfo nd nd to V rg n I R : h a 3 1 l — LLUST ATION o or . 1 83 . 1 7 2 6 . R d p , f 5 26 N ORTH AMERICAN FLO RA [VOLUME 1 8

l m Fl . 1 l i s m s B i . 4 . E eo char acro tachya r tton ; S al 1 0 . E U 1 84 . 9 3 S . . S .

E mami llata L i ndb . . E l eo char i s mami lla ta of au thors , not . f

la U S a an d Ha a E . calva E leo c har i s calva of au thors ( as to p nts of western nited t tes w ii) , not 4 1 8 3 . Torr . - 4 L a 1 9 Su l 6 . 1 8 3 . l h r lu s t u tr li s a c a ca . eo . l . . 9 E e oc a i s pa ri s B a s a Nees , Nov A t A d p C ro ( pp H ( awai i . )

L 9 2 7 8 2 80 . 1 87 5 . l S . . . : i u l . oc . r us n ndi ssi mns S u . a S ci p te d J rd n , B inn Norm II , Nomen H i u bnu u m a a i . s d . ( w )

29 . al a E l e ochari s er lon a al 8: ac h a 3 1 7 0 . 1 9 C p g Fern d Br kett , R odor ( iforni ) ll i E l eoc hari s x ri di or mi s al ac h a 3 1 : 7 6 . 1 929 . a c . y f Fern d Br kett , R odor ( V ey of Mex o )

i filifo r u ua l Loosely stoloniferou s or subcesp to se ; cu lms m to 3 mm . wide , s l y promi nentl a i u l a all i a a a y stri te , soft to rig d , freq ent y fl ttened , or spir y tw sted ; she ths or nge to d rk l u ca and uc a at a l a c la a l a red , oose , often tr n te m ron te the pex ; spike ets l n eo te ( r re y ov te) to acu i a al a l lac a - flower ed cal u u all a m n te , p e brown to ne r y b k , few or m ny , the s es s y rem ining a at a u l scal u l ci cli cu ca a c a ppressed m t rity ; ower e freq ent y en r ng the lm ; fertile s les l n eol te , acu ca c l ali at a u ual a al and lac firm , te, s r e y hy ne the pex , s ly with p e midrib brown to b k a i a l ac a li a u m rg ns ; nther s mm . ong ; henes obov te , g stening yellow when imm t re ,

c i a a a clu i - i lan o be om ng d rk brown , ver ging mm . long ( not in d ng the depressed delto d to ce l an i l a a l i n a u c d . . l te t ber e) , mm wide ; br stles s ender , v ri b e length

“ ” TYPE LOCALITY : Indi an Terri tory ( Oklahoma) : i a a i u i lli lu ff La E er t and xa DISTRIBUTION M nnesot , Iow , M sso r , I nois ( B ke, gg ) , Te s , west to lb a i i h lu bi a an d ali i a h a al the c a u h l a a h A ert , Br t s Co m , C forn , nort w rd ong o st to so t ern A sk ; nort a i n the i i a a a a Sla La h and c al i c E l all w rd nter or of C n d to Gre t ve ke ; nort ern entr Mex o ; V e, C l mbi a n tr e as 2 1 i a u a C a cas 087 u . o o , ) Argent n ; Ur g y I L L U S TRA TI O N i 1 11 P 2 1 4 8 I i f S 81 . I. . 3 1 . . 7 6 b a ll Fl Pac . t. 1 s : . . : . . Br tt Brown , ed f ; A r ms , 2 4 h — 6 . . 63 0 1 l . 1 84 2 i ; a 3 : p , . 3 4, 35 ; 4 1 : l . 5 47 . 3 0 ( n a al . M u s . N ac . f R odor f p , f p rt) ; An i 3 444 D u 4 c l S l a l . 5 3 : . . . . 4 : 7 . B enos A res ; es o e, Gen p P nt Argent p

2 l i m ll i i i 2 4 . s S B T 1 0 . 3 : 3 . 9 3 E eo char a r tton , orreya

E leo chari s alu s tri s var vi ens L H ai l i . . Y i . S 4 9 . u c oc . 5 1 0 . 1 88 . p g B ey ; B r tton , Jo r . N . . M r : Tr i cho h lln m alu s tr e r i ens H va . v M idl N a 2 . 1 2 u t. 6 : 05 9 0 . p y p g o se, Am . .

L l l u subce ito l i 1 — m s se cu u ua 5 m . oose y sto onifero s to p ms s lly firm or w ry , to m . high , a u uall i a n wide ; she th firm , s y w th prominently blackened apex a d sin u s ; spikel ets n arrowly la c la u c a and l - flowered a e u uall acu n eo te , freq ently be oming ov te loose y in g , s y te , cm . l cal la c la al a acu a i a i ong ; s es n eo te , p e to d rk brown , with rigid, min te , somet mes spre d ng tips , at a f u l u a the northern border of the r nge req ent y of softer text re ; nthers mm . long ; ac a a i - henes obovoid , ver g ng mm . long ( ex cluding the depressed deltoid to elongate tuber cl e and i . c a a ) mm w de , be oming d rk brown in ge ; bristles variable .

: Ha i bu l a i a TYPE LOCALITY rr s rg, Pennsy v n . : Lab a and u la a i ba i a and a h DISTRIBUTION r dor Newfo nd nd to M n to , M nnesot , e stern Nort D a a u , h D l a a a i i i a l aba a i a a kot so t to e w re, western Virgini , West V rg n , Tennessee , A m , Ind n , Illi n ow and u , M isso ri . IL L U S TRATI O N i — s . 8: I : ll . F l . 2 1 . . : 3 1 5 7 70 h . . 3 1 l . 1 2 1 1 a : 8 . 8 Br tt B rown , ed ; R odor p , ; 1 f f 4 l . 5 47 : p . 2 6 . , f , ” : hi i s th N e c E . alus tri s E la th e E u a E us t OTE T s ommon p of New ng nd ; rope n . pal ri s seems be ca not to in Ameri .

u s i s Tr nncatae s R d 3 1 : 1 2 1 2 8 . S b er e Sven on, ho ora 9 9 .

Sl i c , the cu l a l c i i n i n ender spe es ms r re y ex eed ng 1 mm . w dth a d withou t a tr nsverse septa . h - c h i l li a l i l l -c li i c . E t l A enes wit prom nent kee ke ng es ; sp ke ets ong y ndr 5 0 . . tri cos a a . ch W h u l -l a l A enes it o t kee ike ng es . c u 4—5 mm i n i . a Rootsto ks very sto t , d meter ; s cales of the root c 2- sto k 3 cm . lon g ; cu lms subterete ( northwestern Uni ted S a t tes) . E de u mbe 5 8 . . c ns . 0 ck h c E com Rootsto s t inner ( ex ept sometimes in . press a) ; rootstock cal c i 1 cm i n s es not ex eed ng . length ; cu lms u su ally angled or a fl ttened . u lm a i b i ' C s fl ttened , somet mes ecom ng 2 mm wi de scal es of the l W h c cu u hi fi spike et it onspi o s w tened , often bi d , acumi a ( c var t . a r ata . om re n te tips ex ept sometimes in ) 48 . E . c p ssa.

M 18 5 28 N ORTH AME RI CAN FLO RA [VOLU E ,

TYPE LOCALITY : Pennsylvani a. C a l a ll i u O l ah a an d DI STRIBUTION : ape Breton to Sou th C ro in , west to I ino s , M isso ri , k om , TexaS - 779 2 1 1 8 . 1 11 PI. . . : 3 . i . 6 9 . l . 3 9 . ; I L L U TRA TI O N : la Ill . C . ; Br tt B rown , e S C rke , yp p , f d f

i a l . E i tata var . t c as . ca 4 25 8 h a 3 4 : l . 21 9 . 5 6 5 7 p yp ) ; p 1 8 . . ( . a M an . . 7 . ; o or p , , A Gr y , ed f R d f — E ca i tata . 221 . 1 3 1 4 1 6 1 7 as . p ) , f , , , ( 0 the N i l E tenni s i h ca i lla cu l and acu ub cl , cha ac c OTE : Ty p ca . , w t p ry ms te t er es is r teristi of n s a i h ca i ll a cu l and u b cl i s tlanti c rai na e slope var . verr co , w t p ry ms epresse t er es , nown A d g ; d d . k

ld and l a a var . from th e M i ssi ssi ppi B asi n and i s i solated i n eastern Virgini a ( Fe rna ) Pennsy v ni ; n tn u hl W h W cu l an d ub pse ndoptera ( S c i rpu s qnadrang la s M . not it inged ms depressed t er la a a and c l i s Y a y l a a, D , g , i es , known from N ew ork , New Jersey , e stern Penns v ni e w re Vir ini n

h s a i i are all c . the mou ntains of North Caroli na and Tennessee . T e e v r et es gener y distin t 1 8 7 m l 2 : 146 . 3 . l i s lli i u u . P . 46 . E eo char e pt c a K nth, En i Sc a. E le h ri i tata var boreali s S h a 34 : 200 . 1 93 2 . a oc a s ca . p venson , R odor ( Nov ot )

l lif — i 6—8- an c a c u Cu ms fi orm, 4 dm . h gh , gled, ere t from thi kened , creeping, ligneo s c c e a c acu to ca s a rootsto k ; stolon s thi ken d, elong te , overed with te brown reddish s le ; she ths — u ca at a a uc l to us 3 1 0 . tr n te the pex , with short m ro ; spikelets el ip soid ovoid obt e , mm long , 20—30-flowered cal s a ac u u acu W i a al ; s e ov te , brown to bl k , obt se to s b te , th prominent hy ine a cale u o u a and a l trifid a s 3 a u a pex , the lowest s s b rbic l r l rger ; sty e ; st men ; m t re chenes l ul a i u u u a a u u a mm . long , yel ow to d l or nge , tr gono s with bl nt o ter ngle , with sh llow, nd l te ula l — u o f retic tion ; sty e base depre ssed, sometimes poorly disting ished from the body the i l u u ac an a cu a c s s c . hene , with p l te enter ; bri t e m h red ced TYPE LOCALITY : Pennsylvani a ? : u la W i sconsm and a u h ll I ia a DISTRIBUTION Newfo nd nd , west to M innesot , so t to I inois , nd n , nd n i a l a i a i u l i n a i ba lb a a a a d i i h lu b a. Pennsy v n ; nfreq ent y M n to , A ert , Mont n , Br t s Co m — “ R 3 E tenni s h a 3 4 : l . I la Ill l . 4 : . C . 9 . 1 as . LLUST ATION S C rke , yp p , f ( R odor p 21 9 . 8 , 5 5 9 ; pl . 221 . 4 1 5 as E . ca i tata var . bor eali s . f , , f , ( p )

4 l c i i i d d R d 2 1 1 . 06 . 7 . s n F l 8 : 9 9 E eo har t a erna , ho ora

- — P a a c cu ca i a 4 a l a 2 8 cm . erenni l from slender rootsto k ; lms p ll ry, ng ed, stri te , high ; a u a a - a a u pex of the pper she th slightly inﬂ ted, whitish ; spikelet oblong ovoid, somewh t c te , — - — l i mm . 2 ﬂ c l c u d . c 8 0 owered a long, mm thi k, ; s les e lipti ob ong , w th ro nde tips , u l - and a ca u a the a p rp ish brown , with greenish ribs very n rrow s rio s m rgin s , lowermost l rger - — ac . l u o a u a a 1 . hene golden y ellow when m t re , n rrowly obovoid , sh rp y trigono s , mm l ng, the u u ac and u ll e c a E i ti c . ro ghened s rf depressed t ber le s in . e p a

’ P : S i lac a S i i a M ou n a c u u b c ac . TY E LOCALITY pr ngy p e , P rker s t t on , Pont Co nty , Q e e ( ) : i lac chi i n aci a : u la u b c O a i O a a DISTRIB UTION Mo st p es , eﬂy d pe t N ewfo nd nd , Q e e , nt r o ( tt w ) , a Sc i a Ha hi i c i L U i a i i h lu bi a laci a h b . . Nov ot , N ew mps re , W s ons n , M nnesot , Br t s Co m ( G er ke , er niv i a i a la a l a. M nnesot ) Kod k Is nd , A sk IL L U TRAT S I O N s M an . 4 h l 21 5 4 5 : . a . 7 . 1 8 . . 2 60 a 3 4 : . 9 . 5 . A Gr y , ed f ; R odor p , f , 48 l . i m ss ull i a s c Am u c . . . S E eo ch r o pre a S . Jo r 1 842 .

?S ci r ns acnmi natns hl D e r u . sc a . 2 1 p M . Gr m 7 . 8 1 7 . ( ennsylvani a ) . P E l eochari s acu mi nata Li 9 294 8 4 a a 1 3 . Nees , nn e : . E l eochari s c m o r ess a var . atrata S h a 3 2 1 9 2 4 : 1 8 . 3 l a i p venson , R odor . ( Pennsy v n a )

Cu l a 1—2 mm . a c lms strong y ﬂ ttened , in width , stri te , ere t from creeping rootsto cks

i a l 1 m c 4 - c . u a 2 9 m i i c . s n somet mes ne r y thi k ; pper she ths h gh , redd h brow to stramineou s , u ca a l l i 5—12 l - tr n te , f int y to p rominent y toothed s kelets . a o a ; p mm ong, oblong ov te to v te , - acu u ; ca a la c la c u - ac i n var atr t te or obt se s les ov te n eo te , hestn t brown ( or bl k . a a) , the whit p a ua and c l bifid trifid ac 1 - . a f ened ti s tten te ommon y ; style ; hene mm long, obov te pyri orm, - l ll lu u a l a u - u go den ye ow to brown , b ntly trigono s to ne r y terete , gr n lar ro ghened or reticulate u a i ca i a ma ll nder m gn fi t on , the r ised rgins of the ce s often forming u ndulating line s ; style a - — b se depressed to globose conic u s ually acute bristles 1 5 u ac u u ua l , ; , f g io s , s l y shorter than ac the hene .

P : l ac i n the D a by lai 1 5 i l l u b O TY E LOCALITY Wet p es r P ns , m es west of Co m u s , hio S nll n t ( w a ) . : a i c al ' DISTRI UTION Ont r o to entr New Yor , western ew erse Washi n ton D B k N g , C . west to M i Chi an and lli i g I no s S skatcl ewan Okl ahoma and Texag IL L U S TRA TI O N s — : ar é . i 3 9 1 0 1 e , yp p . 6 i . 8: I , ll . F ; l . . 2 1 : 1 8 f Br tt Brown , ed . 3 . . 7 80 . a M an ; r y , . e . 7 . 1 84 . . 25 9 h a 3 A G d ; 4 : l . 21 9 . 62 63 l f . o or p 221 . R d , , ; p 5 6 1 8 . f f , f , , Y ERA E E 5 29 PART 9, 1957] C P C A

N : hi ci hi ch ach i ts b i n th e rai r i e s and li l a OTE T s spe es , w re es est development p mestone g des

Ohi and i s babl th e al a l c E leocha s . ha of o Tennessee , pro y most terrestri of l spe ies of ri It per ps

u mata at the li i a . E e lli ti ca and E . acu tis a grades i nto . p q m ts of its r nge

l il i s m t B u k . d . . l c i s acu t u a a a . P A P 49 . E eo har q c roc ca h a 2 1 86 . 1 862 : 10 .

— i l nd u l i i a u . a a a a C ms 3 4 dm . h gh , rig d , slender ( bo t mm in d meter ) , ng ed , stri te

u ca li niﬁed c c a a u i a ca s l te , from g , thi kened rootsto ks ; she ths gr y to p rpl sh , the pi l tooth not - u — 1 5- 20- ﬂowered cal s i i l l a ac 1 cm . conspicu o u s ; sp ke ets ob ong ov te , te , long , ; s e redd sh a - a c la i c cu u i acu acu i a ti ac 1 brown , ov te l n eo te , with n onspi o s , wh tened , te to m n te p ; hene c u i - a l - ll a - al mm . long ( in l d ng the style b se ) , go den ye ow to brownish , obov te pyriform , most a u u a l and a a u la - u cu l i cula sur terete , with very bl nt o ter ng e gr n r ro ghened , obs re y ret te - - i ac a c c . f e ; sty le b se brown , short on ; bristles none

: San Saba u a B u ckle . TYPE LOCALITY Co nty , Tex s ( y ) n u h a DISTRIB UTION : Texas a d Okl ahoma ; so t western Minnesot . 2 2 1 . 1 l . 7 . IL L U S TRA TI O s h a 3 4 : l . 21 9 . 60 6 R odor p , f , ; p , f

i ri s t T L c Y 3 10 1 8 A N . 3 36 . l s t co ta a . . . . . : 50 . E eo char orr nn y

— 2— u ua l a u 6 dm . R c u 2 5 . c c ootsto ks sto t , creeping , mm thi k ; lms high , s lly s ender , stri te , u a 2—6 m i a u i lon i tu di compressed or s bterete ; she ths c . h gh , loose , reddish to str mineo s , w th g l —c —1 8 nal a and a a s s c 6 . stri tions toothed pex ; pike et densely flowered, long ylindri , mm long , 2— l u - i a el 3 . c u acu ca o a mm thi k, obt se or sometimes te ; s es v te , obt se , reddish brown w th y i and a a al a n a n a reflexed trifid ac lowish m drib bro d hy ine pex , ofte em rgi te o r ; style ; hene — — a 1 . n e a yellow to d rk brown , mm long, obovoid, with three promi ent keel lik ngles , the - l - a -c a u u ac u cu a s c . s rf e ro ghened reti te ; style b se brown , hort oni , c te ; bristles none

“ ” i a L e on te TYPE LOCALITY : Georg ( C ) . D ISTRIBUTION : Pi ne -barren ponds : sou theastern M assachu setts to New Jersey ; Vi rgini a ; S u h i i i i o t Carol na to Flor da ; M ch gan . I i I F 2 1 M s 1 9 1 l 1 7 8: ll . l . . . 3 1 7 . . 7 78 . . . u . 0 : . : . : LLUSTRATION S Br tt Brown , ed f ; Rep N J p ,

. 1 0 ; Rh a 3 4 : l . 220 . 75 7 6 . f odor p , f ,

1 l i n vi n i l m o te de s s u um P 2 14 . 18 . s 4 5 . . : 37 E eo char K nth, En

E l e har s H oc e i 2 . 845 as i ar ni cola E l . a N t 1 u a . . 5 : 3 7 . Torr nge m Gr y , Bost . Jo r . st ( Tex ) 1 L i mnochloa m on te den i n 2 842 F1 . a . 99 . 1 . vi si s Nees M art . Br s : E le c har m n 889 n o i s on ta a i u Y Soc 5 1 09 . 1 a d a l a u . . . i c . : sens Br tton , Jo r N M r . , of m ny ter a h E mon tana u . 81 S . t ors Not . R . Tr i h h l m 4 2 c o lu r eni lu m H u M N a 2 1 9 0 . i dl . t. 6 0 . a co . : p y o se, Am H ele h i s m on t m l M u s Hi N i e oc ar ana subs H . on tevi densis O a . . . at. 3 p . sten , An st Montev d o II .

8 3 . 9 1 1 3 1 .

Cu c o c o s dm. a lms ere t from extensively reeping reddish r otst ck , high , rigid, stri te ; u a n at a u ua a i u a u ca pper she th deep brow the b se , s lly becoming str m neo s tow rd the tr n te a s u —1 a -ﬂowered ca a u pex ; spikelet ovoid to oblong, bl nt, 4 3 mm . long, m ny ; s les ov te , obt se , l i l iﬁ i a a a s tr d a 1 . brownish or ye lowish, w th hy ine m rgin ; tyle ; chene mm long , obovo d , a u a lu a - l a u u u a tri ng l r , with b nt ngles , golden y el ow to brown , with min tely p nct l te , glossy u ac s - a c c i at the a ac s s a i s rf e ; ty le b se oni , short , sess le pex of the hene , o r ometime with sl ght c c l 4—6 ual an onstri tion ; brist es , brown , toothed, eq ing or shorter th the achene .

i U u u a H u mb ldt : o . TYPE LOCALITY Montev deo , r g y ( ) : Chi eﬂ i n a : S u h C a li a l i a ali i a i DI STRIB UTION y wet s nd o t ro n to F or d , west to C forn ; Mex co ; u h a i l u u a i a so t ern Br z ; Ur g y ; Argent n . I 1 P f t 1 2 6 6 . . 6 6 M n : b a 11. I. Paci . S . : 3 a Fl P li 4 . . l . a 1 9 LLUSTRATION S A r ms , f ; Jepson , C f . 1 3 . 7 h 22 21 0 . 64 65 l . 2 8 9 as E e c l a 34 l . . r n M ; : . a i o a al . u s . N ac . u f R odor p , f , ; p , f , ( ) An B enos i 3 4 : 4 79 D l c l . S . la . . 4 : . 7 4 . A res es o e, Gen p P nt Argent p

2 l i P i s i i i i 5 . s B Y M N . u . oc . E eo char ar h r tton , Jo r . cr . S 5 1 1 1 8 0 . 8 9 : .

E leochari s di sci m S li 3 4 or i s a i h u ll . o . a . ca . : 8 1 . 1 90 . ali i a f P r s , B C f A d ( C forn )

Cu a 1 — in i - 3 dm . a c m l c lms slender , stri te , high, f sci les fro slender, extens ve y reeping , c u a a n ous a o reddish rootsto ks ; pp er she th brown o r reddish below, str mi e b ve , the brownish RT A ER A RA O UM 18 530 NO H M IC N FLO [V L E ,

-l a acu 1 m l a l i a a c c . apex tr uncate and toothed ; spikelets l ne r n eol te , te , ong , r ther loose y l - l a i a u i c u a ﬂowered ; s ca es ovate ob ong , somewh t r gid , str mineo s w th hestn t or d rk brown

i acu u i a a i ti l tr iﬁd ac i u i a lu s des, te to obt se w th short hy l ne p ; sty e ; hene tr gono s w th b nt l a l la -c lli i a at l l o uter ang e , often ne r y p no onvex , e pso d , n rrowed both ends , y e low to ight - ai l i cula u a i ca l - as acu u u a brown , smooth or f nt y ret te nder m gn ﬁ tion ; sty e b e te , short s b l te to l ac u u i a c c i i il u . con c, sess e pon the body mm ong) of the hene or s rmo nt ng onstri t on 6 7 c i a ac re at the apex of the achene ; bristles white , or , ex eed ng or shorter th n the hene ,

r t orsely toothed .

u a Cali San D i u ali i a Pari sh . TYPE LOCALITY : Ag ente , ego Co nty , C forn ( ) and u ai a ali i a O a a H all A ri DISTRIBUTION : In deserts mo nt n me dows , C forn , regon , Nev d ( ) , i a i c h c . zon , New M ex o ; nort ern M ex o 4 I P i f S 1 2 6 26 5 . b a ll . Fl . ac . t. : li 3 : 82 l . T N ll S o . a . ca . I L L U S TM I O S : B u . C f A d ( p A r ms , , 21 1 2 3 l . 220 . 66 6 7 l . 2 . . P li 49 . 1 3 6 h a 4 : n . . 63 2 63 5 M a . Fl . l . a 1 . ; o or p , , ; p , f , ; Jepson , C f f R d f f

. i i il l i l d B u kl c d . P A . P s . . 53 . E eo char cy n r c a c ro ca h a 1 86 2 1 0 1 862 : . .

C l u ﬁli f m 2— i u n u l c a or 3 dm . ca a d a ms ere t from s ender , ligneo s rhizome , , h gh , s l te ngled ; h i u li u ca at a an i u u u u - sheat s stram neo s to ght brown , tr n te the pex d consp c o sly s b late toothed ;

i a — li i c a -ﬂo wer ed acu 8—1 7 l c i 2 i n i c . sp kelets l ne r y ndr , m ny , te , mm ong , not ex eed ng mm .

l la c l a acu c u - l l c i i width ; s ca es n eo te , te , hestn t brown , not strong y kee ed , the s ar ou s marg ns

u i a a l l ri ﬁ i nrolled at mat r ty ; st mens 3 , the nthers mm . ong ; sty e t d ; body of the achene a a i cula i . a u s a mm long, d rk brown , obov te , smooth to f intly ret te , trigono s w th h rply — c a e a l c i cu u l a at a t l as a a a ost t ng es , onsp o s y n r rowed the pex ; s y e b e light brown , pyr mid l , i i a c s c a ac l uc l ttle w der th n the on tri ted pex of the hene ; bristles s ender , brown , m h shorter than the achene .

th a B u ckle TYPE LOCALITY : Nor ern Tex s ( y ) . n i DISTRIBUTION : Texas a d N ew Mex co . I l 464 : h a 3 9 : . . 5 . LLU STRATION R odor p , f

l i s D o mb e ana u m 4 . u . 2 1 5 Pl . 1 E eo char y K nth , En : 45 . 837

t loni eru s Li a a 1 9 : 6 9 4 haetoc er u s s o 5 . 1 8 7 . i C y p f Nees , nn e ( Mex co . )

le hari tr u ncata Schl ch . . Z i . 7 : 1 1 8 1 49 H e oc s . 8 . i e t Bot e t ( Mex co . ) L i e m iden sk el sk k r u n t . S . 2 4 m hloa tr ca a b . V S . 2 L i noc V . : 4 . 1 9 5 1 . S n n t u . C . 7 7 . 1 8 5 5 . E l eocharis bi vagi a a Ste d y . y p B k i a a 3 6 : 424 l . L 1 87 0 . H e leochari s s to onifer a OC nn e . ° h r 2 k a b . 8 : 06 . 1 8 8 E u n B 7 . u a l e har b lca i oc . . H e oc i s Bot J ( c dor . ) h mon tan a u S a 34 : 222 . 1 9 2 E leo char i s , 3 . E . montana sens venson R odor Not R . S .

1 8 1 7 .

— Cu l 3 dm . a c i c a ms long , from elong te , reep ng rootsto ks ; she ths as in E . m ontevidensis ; li a -l a c la 8— 12 l - i l a . acu a ﬂowere sp ke ets ov te to ne r n eo te , mm ong , te , m ny d, often with r ather l cal cal a - ll c u u all acu oose s es ; s es ov te e ipti , s y te , brown with a yellowi sh or green midrib and a ali a i l triﬁd ac 1 mm l . a i i hy ne m rg n ; sty e ; hene ong, obov te , sh n ng yellow or brown , i u i lu u a l u ac tr gono s w th b nt o ter ng e , the s rf e smooth or very obscu rely reticulate ; style a uc i acu u ually i a l a a l l s l b se m ron form , te , s w th ne r y p r l e side ; brist es brown , 4, exceeding o r shorter than the achene .

: u D ombe TYPE LOCALITY Per ( y ) . DISTRI UTION : Central Mexi co ; u atemal a ; i n the n es from E cu a or to r entin B G A d d A g a . A l M N : a . u s . ac u I . i 3 4 : 47 7 h a 3 4 22 LLUSTR TION S n B enos res o or : l . 0 ; . 7 0 72 A A R d l . p i , p 2 21 1 E m on t n f . 0 as . a a D l c . 8: S la , ( ) ; . . , . 4 : l . 6 3 f es o e Gen p P nt Argent p 7 .

l 55 . i s P lm i s R d 3 4 : 22 c a a a 3 . 19 2 E eo h r er Sven on , ho or 3 .

ul — C a 2 : ms r ther soft dm . i c a li , h gh , ere t from gneo u s rhi zome ; sheaths tr u ncate at a uc a i l - — the pex , m ron te ; sp ke ets cylindri c ovoid obt u se 3 8 l - , , mm . ong ; s cales ovate oblong u al w i i " , p i i ali at obt se e bro n w th green sh m dr b, hy ne the margin and frequently emargin ate l triﬁd a 3 ac 1 l y ; . i st e st mens ; hene mm ong , shin ng brown riform obtu sel trigono , py , y us; a l - y u a i ca i ; yl a a i al acu - ne r smooth nder m gn ﬁ t on st e b se py r m d , te , one fo u rth as long as the ac ; i l i uali ac hene br st es wh te , eq ng the hene . PART 19 7 CYPERACEAE 5 3 1 9, 5 ]

W a i th e c i i n li c a a the Ri o TYPE LOCALITY : est m rg ns of Pe os R ver, deep mestone nyon , ne r P almer al C u a E . J . Grande , V verde o nty , Tex s ( l i DI STRIB UTION : Known only from the ty pe c ol ect on . I l 2 21 1 1 : h a 3 4 : . . . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

i l d i G m d A . l s B A . P . A 6 . 5 . E eo char o an er ray, roc ca 2 1868 7 39 . .

— i - ul u u 1 3 dm i a u . a auc u c C ms very n mero s , . h gh , bo t mm in d meter , gl o s green , ere t and a ac a c i c c a u uall a i u wiry, from bl k , s end ng , thi k , woody rootsto k ; she ths s y str m neo s , — i i l ll u i li a 2 m . at a u li h somet mes pu rp sh at the b se , 3 c h gh , sl ght y swo en the ind r ted, p rp s i — lli u i a i a uc l 3 8 . c a u acu a o u s mm t , r rely w th m ro ; sp ke ets mm long , e pti to ov te , bl nt or te , b t

1 0—20- ﬂower ed cal a lac a acu i a ca i u ; s es d rk brown to b k , ov te , te , w th short , whitened , s r o s ti l ula a 3 triﬁd ac i l p , the owest orbic r ; st mens ; style ; hene obovo d , mm . long , go den

ll ac u i a u u a l i a c llu a u ac un ma niﬁca ye ow to bl k , trigono s w th bl nt o ter ng e , w th e l r s rf e der g u c a i a l — a a a cu a tion , the tr n ate pex form ng depressed sty e b se with short pi l te central p ro ection i l 4 l i - - - j ; br st es 3 or , retror se y toothed , redd sh brown , one half to three fo u rths the ac length of the hene .

’ t la a i a C u ali i : a c a a . TYPE LOCALITY B nk of reek C rk s , M r pos o nty , C forn : u ai a : ali i a O ah h b U S . S i . . c DI STRIBUTION Mo nt n me dows C forn , regon , Id o ( er Forest erv e) , S i l a i a ah h b S . a a . . c . Ut , Nev d ( er U Forest erv e) , Co or do , Ar zon I I F f b a ll . 1. Pa i t. 1 2 5 c S : 6 . . 633 M n F P : . l . l ali 48 a . 1 . LLUSTRATION S A r ms , f ; Jepson , . C f . 1 l 22 9 3 4 h a 3 . 0 . 68 6 . . 4 : f ; R odor p , f ,

l i s i m di n R 57 . ul i s . E eo char nter e a Sch te S . V 2 1 1 82 s M : 9 . . 4 . Sy t . eg ant .

u te m u B S n m a . 3 1 . 1 8 1 7 . . i ter edi us hu ill . 99 . S ci rp s i n r edi s M uhl . eser . Gr m Not T 1 7 E l e h E Pl 2 4 i i oc ari s r ec li nata Ku nth , num . . : 1 3 . 1 83 7 . ( V rg ni a ) e h 8 e e 1 906 . . E l o h i n ter medi a v ar H ab r ri al a : 1 3 0 . N c ar s i . Y Fern d , R odor ( ew ork ) H - E le h e li n t v r . H ber eri u u ll . . S a M u s . 2 3 2 4 2 r a Y . 9 oc ari s c a a a 4 44 : 3 . 1 3 . o se , B N t te 9 h r l n t H er e S h 3 9 2 5 . E leoc a i s r ec i a a ab ri a : 6 1 3 7 . f . venson , R odor

Annual ? Diff u sely spreading from ﬁbro u s root s o r from a thin descending rhizome ; l u u u ua l —4 dm u ua l cli i a - i u l . rre u c ms n mero s , of neq ength , long , s l y re n ng , gr yish green , g

larl u l a -a n a i a a a i cu a y s c te ; sheath pex soft a d spre d ng , short , h rdened , p l te p roj ection fr e

u l l l c- i acu 2—7 l —2 —ﬂ l q ent y present ; spike ets cy indri ovo d , te , mm . long , loose y 5 0 owered ; sca es

u i a l and i i ca u and c obt se , w th bro d , green kee brown sh s des , the lowest s le ro nded ompletely c l l a 2 a l l triﬁ en irc ing the cu m ; st mens , the nthers mm . ong ; sty e d ; achene obovoid to

l c u i a l a l - a u l u i py riform , mm . ong in l d ng the n rrow e ong te sty e b se , obt se y trigono s , l ght li a i u u c ula i cula l - - g stening olive , with m n te p n t te ret tion , the brownish sty e base conic s ubu late ; i l a uali li c l - a br st es p le brown , eq ng or s ghtly ex eeding the sty e b se . i TYPE LOCALITY : Pennsy lvan a. : cal ca u : a u b c ta u h Pe nns l DISTRIBUTION In reo s regions e stern Q e e , west to Minneso , so t to y ll n a a a a a a d a . v ni , western Virgini , Tennessee, Indi n , I inois , Iow I T T i 1 F1 2 l 1 L L U RA I 1 . 1. . . : 3 1 8 . . 8 n S O s . 7 . a M a 8 . 7 . 1 5 Br tt Brown , ed f ; A Gr y , . ed .

. 2 61 ; h a 3 9 : l . 465 . 3 as E . r ecli nata . f R odor p , f ( )

l i s d u m s Cl k Kew B ll Add 58 . u E eo char e c ben ar e , . . Ser . 1 908 .

Cu —6 dm a u u — i a 5 . a c 4 c lms elong ted , long , stri te , s bterete , from sto t rootsto k 5 mm . th k

i ﬁbrillo se cul - a c c cu u a c la l cal w th roots , the m b ses overed by onspi o s , l n eo te , ight brown s es 2— i li i u — — 3 l l l 5 7 . 4 c ca cm . . a ong ; sp ke et e pso d , obt se , mm long , mm thi k ; s les brown , ov te , u iﬁ a u 1 i u l i l ul i tr d ac . u c a obt se ; style ; hene bo t mm long , tr gono s , ye low , m n te y reti te , w th a u - a ula l - a - as l as ac ro ghened ovoid tri ng r sty e b se one third ong the hene ; bristles brown , 2 u ali or 3 , some eq ng the achene .

i i a l 2 5 H E B Sha a al a t. 00 . . . rown : . . TYPE LOCALITY Mt st , C forn , m ( ) E h m i E l a li i a c Su u I T. H o : a . well DI STRIBUTION C forn ( o m t , dor do Co nty , ) . IL L U TRA T F P i f 1 2 S I O N b 1 11 1 ac . St. 6 5 . . 63 4 h s : rams . . : a 3 4 : l . 21 9 . 52 5 3 . A , f ; R odor p , f , 5 32 NORTH AMERI CA N FLO RA [VOLUME 1 8

8: . s . l i s m R . . V 59 . E eo char ontana S Sy t eg 1 1 8 7 . 2 : 1 53 .

1 22 6 8: S . : . E K . . . S ci r pu s mon tanus H . . Nov Gen p

2 B r 2 1 1 . 2 1 . a S . 9 . 1 8 Pl . u d u los u s h . S ci r p s n o Rot , Nov p ( ) 1 24 87 . 8 . n 8: S . S . Ve . a . 2 : E l eochari s nodu losa Schu ltes i R . y st g M nt i l . 4 83 7 . a n u n ea u h E u . . 2 : 1 8 . 1 E l eochari s consa g i K nt , n m PI ( Br z ) 1 42 8 . 2 : 1 04 . 1 Fl . a . E l eogenu s nodu los u s Nees i n M art . Br s E u a 5 5 u c . 9 1 8 . S n C . 7 . E leochari s haem ato lepi s Steu d . y . y p ( Q ito , dor ) la 1 8 5 5 . u a a S n . C . E l eochari s s u bnod u losa Steu d . y yp ( G tem ) 4 e 1 87 0 . l M e l 1 8 69 1 3 . k dd . : a . V i dens . k i n Wa . H e leochari s chry s ocar pa BOc . rm ( Br zi )

8 9 . a a u a l 6 2 1 60 . 1 7 ten u i s oc . a : H el eochari s n odu los a var . B k F or ( P r g y ) 0

2 8 . a l b a 8 : 3 . 1 90 . C S e r . C h ndes i ca la u ll . . E le oc ar i s a rke, Kew B Add ( Bogot , o om i )

e ne l i S all l a SE . . S . 1 84 . 1 903 . as E leochari s Rav i i Br tton ; m , F or U ( Tex ) 2 23 1 9 . 2 n R e r . 6 S . : 1 9 . r s u bnodu los a Kiik e th . e t. H el eochar i s nodu l os a va . p p Nov

2 5 . 9 u a a l t S Rh a 3 9 : 8 1 3 7 . c C l b a . u los a var . an u a a E l eochari s nod g venson , odor ( G s , o om i )

h u . l A rb 2 4 44 5 : 7 . 1 9 . r nodu losa S . . . E l eochari s mon tana va . venson ; I M Jo nston , Jo r Arno d

n u 1 —2 c -8 3 dm . E c c . rect from a c oarse, creepi g rootsto k ; lms green , mm thi k , high ,

i u u u uall c cu u i a l a a terete , w th n mero s , s y onspi o s ( somet mes ne rly obso ete ) tr nsverse sept ; l a a u a u li - a u ca a a sheaths e ong te , str mineo s ( often with p rp sh red b se) , the tr n te , d rkened pex ik tet a - ﬂowered l - a c la acu i a a l u with a disti n ct mu cro ; sp e s m ny , ob ong l n eo te , m n te , r re y obt se , — li l a i 2 l u l cal a . acu ca u 8 1 5 mm . ong ; s es ppressed to s ght y spre d ng, mm ong , obt se to te , s rio s

u u li a i a a al a i l u icula thro gho t , ght to d rk brown , w th bro d hy ine m rg n , the owest s borb r , ﬁrmer , i u - a a —1 l - a c 2 u and broadly s car o s m rgined ; nthers mm . long ; sty e br n hes ( not infreq ently l a c ll li i l 3 ac 1 . a ac u c ) henes mm long , bro d y obov te , bi onvex , y e ow to brown or o v eo s , d stin t y

i - icula - a u u a a b a as as ac p tted ret te ; style b se s lly ﬂ ttened, rown , h lf wide the hene , deltoid , acu u ace l a at u c n i ac - u u ua te , the s rf e ev ted the j n tio w th the hene body ; bristles ferr gineo s , eq l i n li l c i ac c n a l a g or s ght y ex eed ng the hene, the ommo b se p ro onged into short stipe .

u i ndi u a a a i n the i l i ll l i a b a . TYPE LOCALITY Q P ss, ne r Bogot , M dd e Cord er of Co om : l i a L u a a a a i c a a a W i i DISTRIBUTION F or d , o isi n , Tex s, Arizon ; Mex o to P n m ; est Ind es ; trop n c al a d temperate Sou th Ameri ca . A M u s N ac u i 3 44 I . : al . . 4 : 6 h LLUSTR TION S n B enos res ; o ora 3 9 : l . 463 . 2 D c l A A R d p , f ; es o e , e l Pl l . 6A as H eochar i du l 8: S . . . 4 : 5 s n o os a . Gen . p Argent p ( ) m N : The E . o ntana i s the u ai th e i OTE type of mo nt n extreme of spec es , with swollen cu lms o hi h h a i ibl a w c ve no v s e sept tion .

l i s l s 60 . R V . 8: s E eo char e egan S . Sy t . eg . 18 1 7

l tu u u S . P1. 42 i n S ci s eni c a s L . 1 7 53 a 2 . . 7 1 . 1 2 rp g p , p rt ; ed . 7 6 . le H K u E . . S l 2 S ci r s e ans . 2 . . 8: . 6 1 8 1 6 . p g Nov Gen p : . E l h u l t S . e . 2 eo ar i s e ni c a a . 8: c S . V : 1 50 . 1 g R y st g 8 1 7 . E l t t eocha i s cons i c a Schu l i n . S e 8: S . V . . a . 2 : 87 1 824 r r tes R y st g M nt . . ( Brazi l . ) u de u s F i r s r ess ll . l . Fl u . 3 5 . 1 82 S c 5 . a i p p Ve m ( Br z l . ) 1 L i mno hlo a r si c u lmi s i n Fl . a c c as a . . 2 : 99 . 1 842 i Nees M rt B r s . ( Braz l . ) 1 L i m nochl on s tri c ta i n F oa a l . 2 c . a . 9 Nees M rt B r s : 9 . E l h u l i s c assi ca i s S u . S n . e ar C . 8 1 1 8 5 oc . 5 . a i l r te d y yp ( Br z . )

E leocha i s s i n u lari s S u . S n . C . 8 1 . 8 5 5 S i 1 . u a r g te d y yp ( r n me . ) r i a E leocha i s mexi cana Pe . L a 3 0 4 y : 1 . 1 8 59 acc . Kewensi s i r nn e , to Index . ( Mex co . )

a a u a l C c p a , c a u c c cul o rse q ti nts ere t from ligneo s , reeping rootsto k ; ms terete , firm , 1—1 m i —1 green , 5 d . h gh, 3 0 . i cl u ua l a a i mm wide , w th ose , s l y prominent sept ; she ths redd sh , u ca at u u ua i an i u u u tr n te the s mmit , s lly w th inconsp c o s s bulate mucro ; spikelets many flowered a c la c li i c u ua acu cal 2 , , . u i l n eo te to y ndr s lly te ; s es mm long, not keeled, obt se , th n , i an a u c a a a and a ca u . w th op q e , brown entr l re bro d, s rio s , light brown margi n ; styl e bifid or trifid ac l a i ; . , , c i u l s i hene mm ong obov te b onvex to slightly tr gono s , ye low to brown , h ning , - - li l pu c a icula ; l a a a a a al a ght y n t te ret te sty e b se d rk brown , fl ttened, l nceol te , h f s long as the - ac y ; i l a l ua u c hene bod br st es deep brown , ne r y eq ling the t ber le , their c ommon base forming a i short st pe .

TYPE LOCALITY Peru . : al i c u a l H D ISTRIBUTION Centr Mex o ; G tema a ; ondu ras ; E l Salvador ; Costa Rica ; Panama ; uba and u h a , so t w r n the West n i es tropi cal Sou th meri ca C d i I d ; A . I L L U S TRA TI O N l s : l . F1 . m . 1 — lu : l . 83 l I a ll . C l p . . 3 9 22 2 ; . 6 Rh Ve F C rke , yp p , ; o ora 3 9 l 463 f d P . 1 as E . eni cu lata , ( g nal . M u s ac B uenos A N 3 4 ° 4 59 D c l f Aires , es o e, Gen . Sp . la . 4 l . : . 64 P nt Argent p . PART 19 CYPERACEAE 533 9, 57]

N t E cari baea and the la as J u ncus OTE : The name S ci rpus geni cu la us i ncl u ded . p nt known i i u s eni cu latu s ca i tu li s e u i s e ti m a or Sl a . the c S eci es lantar u m aqu ati c g , p q , j o ne In se ond ed t on of p p u l u he la i w h ( 1 7 62 ) Li nnaeu s restri cted the n ame S ci rpu s geni c at s to t tter . In v e of t e modern

a i t b a u the u u i cal a E leoc ha i s e le ans . c onfu si on of n mes , seems est to t ke p neq vo n me r g

d B Pl H r w 2 1 7 . 8 0 . i s . a t 4 1 l s . . 6 . E eo char en a enth

E ele ans but cul i u Ou a i a i ac i il . S m ar to g , the ms w tho t tw rd s gn of sept t on ; henes not so - l n E e e a s . strongly pu nctate reti cu late as in . g

u a Cali i c . TYPE LOCALITY : Ag s entes , Mex o i DISTRIB UTION : Central Mex co .

I : h a 3 9 : l . 463 . 3 . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

i s Tenui ssimae s R d 3 1 : 1 2 7 . 1 2 Ser e Sven on, ho ora 9 . 9 9

- l i i h c a i i cu la i . ch ca c l a . e . A enes n e te, w t o rse , deep p tted ret t on — * ch la 2 3 . l . A enes rge, mm ong l -ba i i as i as W ha the Sty e se m tr form, w de or ider t n h ac ene . - - u ch a ha the Style base coni c subul ate , m n rrower t n

ach ene . - l ch all i u i c i . A enes sm to med m s zed , not ex eed ng mm ong ( speci es chi eﬂy

l . Achenes 1 mm . ong S i l a l li a the cal l 3 4 p ke ets n rrow y ne r , s es on y or b ( Cu a) . -fl r S i l l a c la a a owe ed . p ke ets n eo te to ov te , m ny ch b a -u c la c a l ca c ll a A enes o ov te r eo te , o rse y n e te ; l -ba i h a l cu he ach sty e se w t ng es de rrent on t ene . ch b a l ca c lla l -ba A enes o ov te, fine y n e te ; sty e se i l i u u a l a a h c . py r m d , w t o t de rrent ng es u l 1—3 hi h i l li dm . a C ms g , firm ; sp ke ets ne r c li i c u u all li u i y ndr , s y pro fero s ( se . Un ted

States) . — m hi h u l 8 1 0 c . acci i l a C ms g , ﬂ d ; sp ke ets ov te bl b o ong ( Cu a) . - ch . l hi i h i i c t h A enes mm ong, w t s r des en w en

matu re . ch l i i A enes mm . ong ; p tt ng hori zontally elongate u ba E mi nu ti s im 7 3 . . s a. ( C ) . h i E s u b c . l i ci cula i 7 4 . . cancell ata. A enes mm ong ; p tt ng r r ( Mex co) . ch h i cu la ca c lla A enes smoot to ret te, not n e te . Achenes bi convex ( scattered tri gonou s achenes u sually

. 2 E mi n m r b present) 6 . . i a va . i color . ch i u A enes tr gono s . ch i u - i l A enes med m s zed mm . ong) . S i l 2—6 -fl owe red a cal a p ke ets few ( ) , ov te ; s es d rk u li h -b u ba 5 E oli nth . a a . p rp s rown ( C ) 7 . g — — - Spikelets many fl owe red ( if 2 6 flowe red the spike l ets linear) . S l -ba fl at i h an a i cu la ty e se ( w t p te center) , as i as the ach i c . 6 3 E u rceolata w de ene ( Mex o) . . . S l -ba c i c a i al i f u ch ty e se on or py r m d ( depressed , m a ha the a n rrower t n chene) . a u ach li i hi 64 E n M t re enes g sten ng w te . . . ana . a u ach al a b t re enes p e gr y to deep rown . S i l b i u l i i h p ke ets o v o s y d st c ou s . S l -ba ubula - i U i ty e se s te t pped ( se . n ted S a . B ald t tes) wi ni i . S l -ba a al b mi n m u i a. ty e se pyr mid , o t se . S l ch u . mi crocar a var li cu lmi s pike ets not disti o s p . fi . ch all l A enes sm mm . ong) . h c . l hi ai bu f A enes mm ong , w te to f nt f, u su ally costulate ; styl e-base py ramidal to de -c i c a h a th e ach . 66 E ni r es ens pressed on , n rrower t n ene . . g c . ch l a . l al a A enes ( r re y mm ong, p e gr y r i to g een sh . ch al a l -ba h - i a al . 6 7 . E . mi crocar a A enes p e gr y ; sty e se s ort py r m d p . ch h — a b a - A enes greenis gr y , o ov te ; styl e base de cal hi E . 6 8 . Bri ttonii pressed ; s es w tened . .

ch a u i cl u the l -ba A ene me s rements n de sty e se . N RT A ERICAN RA O UME 1 8 5 34 O H M FLO [V L ,

E m l 2 1 1 P : 9 . 8 im u u . 3 37 2 l i s m i . 6 . E eo char n a K nth , n

1 42 i h l . E le a s i vi 1 8 . a i 93 . oc r v Fl . a . 2 : Chaetocyper u s vi viparus Nees i n M art . Br s ( Br z ) Not Li 82 ar a 1 7 . p nk, 1 u Li l 8: a . Fl . a . 2 : 94 . 1 842 la a . Chae tocy per u s po ly morph s nd . Nees ; Nees in M rt Br s , in rge p rt ? ( Brazi l ) E n 4 1 8 5 5 . cu a . C . 7 . Chae tocyper u s J amesoni Steu d Sy . yp ( dor ) i 5 a l . 9 . 1 8 5 . u S n . C . 1 I s olepi s ambig a Steu d . y yp ( Br z ) l a 1 86 0 . 1 7 . m F . S . S . 5 l . E leochari s bi color Chap . U ( F orid )

4 1 8 7 0 . m k Li a a 3 6 : 1 9 . H e leochari s ten u i ssi a Boc . nn e 1 1 8 . a 1 . k Li a a 3 6 : 426 . 7 0 H eleochar i s s u bti li s BOc . nn e ( Br z ) 2 8 uba r 1 1 1 88 . C Be i t . C . : H e l eochar i s Wr i ghti ana Back . y p ( ) H N a h li So h . . t. 1 3 8 . i c . c . l e n i s au . E leochar i s vi l ar i c s M ry ; M M e , M em P y s ist Geneve

a a u a . 1 8 89 . ( P r g y ) h r 4 9 Z ei tsc . 2 : 3 . 1 8 6 . a ca . B k ll . . H e leochari s D u r andi i OC . A g Bot ( Cost Ri ) 1 92 1 l 1 92 3 56 . 1 . E u l . : E le h ri s am es on i i . . oc a J N Brown , Kew B 2 922 i i d l Clu b 48 : 3 7 . 1 . a h nnar u m i u l . E l eoc ari s s ava Br tton , B Torrey ( Tr n d ) 2 22 i i ad Clu b 8 : 3 7 . 1 9 . E r u he nsi s i u ll . 4 l eo chari s o op c Br tton , B Torrey ( Tr n d )

m ambi u a Kiikenth . Re e rt. S . . 2 3 : 1 94 . 1 92 6 . H e leoc hari s mi n i a var . B g p p Nov n SE F 1 9 l a 1. 1 63 . 3 3 . m S all M a . . E le ochari s u n ci ali s Cha . p ; m , ( F orid )

h m m r bi color S h a 3 9 : 2 1 9 . 1 93 7 . E leoc a i s i ni a va . r venson , R odor

— l i i u u a u u D a 3 7 cm . a c c w rf, t l , esp tose , w th n mero s whitish , elong ted ﬁbro s roots ; lms il u ua a ula - ulca li u c a a c i cu u cap lary , often rec rving, q dr ng r s te , ght green , p n t te ; she ths onsp o s , lu l l 24 l i a a a 1 . a l ght or dark brown , the pex inﬂ ted, b nt , hy ine ; spike ets mm ong , ov te , few to

a - ﬂowered cal a - la c la l acu a i i and m ny ; s es ov te n eo te , most y te , d rk brown with green sh m drib i l riﬁ ac a a a ul i hy aline marg n ; sty e t d ; hene ov te , mm . long , sh rply tri ng ar ( b convex i n i l i ac i i a li ac u - li l var . b co or c cu a ) w th onvex f es , wh t sh to p le or o v eo s brown , ght y reti l te to i u l a a at a and a ca a i h a m n te y stri te , n rrowed the pex b se , pped by brown s or gr y, short a i al u l - a l c i cu u a a - cu py r m d , obt se sty e b se ; brist es in onsp o s , tr nsp rent white , obs rely toothed , l u an ac a c . shorter th the hene , often gre t y red ed i l TYPE LOCALITY : Braz . : l a a a al a c a ca San DISTRIBUTION F orid , Georgi , Tex s , C iforni ; Mexi o ; Cost Ri ; Salvador ; i i al S u h i a Cu ba ; J ama ca ; trop c o t Amer c . I TRA TI N I - — l . 7 22 2 L L U O Cl ll . . S s : a C 3 . 5 h a r e , y p p , ; 3 9 : pl . 460 . 1 4 7 l . 462 k f R odor , f , ; p , 1 —3 M m S c h Hi N t e — . e . o . . . a . l . 40 . 7 1 0 D l ; y c . 8: S . la . f P s st Gen ve p , f ; es o e , Gen p P nt 3 l . 63 . Argent . 4 : p

6 l i l i 3 . s u L m R d eb . s E eo char rc eo ata ( ) Sven on , ho ora 1 9 7 3 .

Chae toc erus u r ceolatu s L i e m Viden sk S b . lsk kr . e . S . . 2 : 243 1 8 1 yp V 5 . ( Mexi co . ) H el eochari s L i ebm nn n i a a i a a ac . L 3 6 4 9 a 3 . 1 8 : c . B k nn e 7 0 . ( Mexi o )

D l c i cul l ca illa 3 - 7 cm . ul u ense y esp tose ; ms fine y p ry , high, d l green , p nctate and obscu rely - ua a ula ulca ; a u li a li l i a at u i i 2— q dr ng r s te she ths p rp sh , tt e nfl ted the s mm t ; sp kelets 3 mm . l a cca i all a l l and - flowered 6—1 1 -flo r e ong , ov te ( o s on y n rrow y ob ong fewer ) , we d ; s cales spread i n i n u i i u l n g fr t , keeled, green w th p rp ish sides a d hyaline margi ns ; sty le trifid ; achenes a u a co stulate — , . l u c a a u ca at a tri ng l r , mm ong , r eol te obov te , tr n te the pex , pale gray to i - ll ai l - - y , a i cu a l a flat as brown sh e ow f nt y stri te ret l te to smooth ; sty e b se , wide as the achene , a icula c i l p te in the enter ; br st es none . “ : a Conso u i tla i c TYPE LOCALITY Mir dor , Potrero de q , Mex o .

DI STRIBUTION : Mexico . I : h a 3 9 l 46 : . 0 . 5 . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

64 . l i s u um Pl . 2 1 E eo char nana K nth, En . : 40 . 1837 .

Chae toc er us u nc tatu s N i n Fl 1 yp p a . . a 2 . 93 . 1 842 ees M rt B r s : . H eleochari s u n t c ata Bdck . Li a a 3 6 42 p : 0 . 1 8 7 0 . E . u nc ta ta H h nn e Not p oc st . 1 8 5 5 . S c r u s cam to tr h p i c u s . W i h i n S p au v . l C a . ca . Ci H g . aba a 82 i r t An A d n : 7 8 . 1 87 1 . ( Cu ba ) E l eo char s cam to tri cha Cla S mb p . . 2 : 6 9 . 1 9 i rke , y Ant 00 . i E c c p a ua i c a u 4- 12 l re t es tose nn l w th o rse whitened roots c lms cm . auc ; ong, gl ou s u c a i ula l , p , y ulca ; a a u a c c h green n t te rreg r s te she ths str mineo s , often m r es ent , t e apex ap -acu pressed te to somewhat inflated ; spikelets ovate to elli ti c 3—4 —8-fl p , mm . long , 5 owered ; l ca i a i u l a and s es green sh to str m neo s , kee ed , the pex margin hyaline ; style trifid ; achene a pl i u c a 1 - sh r y tr gono s to ost te , mm . long greenish becoming early hite hen m ture , , p w w a ,

3 PL R L M 18 5 6 NORTH AMERI CAN o A [VO U E ,

a a a a and - m all c u us pex , ov te , with whitish m rgin green , red bordered idrib , de id o except the l a s ca c i s as a ac ac u . a enl rged lowe t s le , whi h pers st br t ; hene min te , mm long ( ne r y i n a ia ula a a l - a e mm . the type ) , obov te , tr ng r , p le gr y or yel owish , smooth ; style b s short am a a i u s to a ss s pyr id l , gr y, often redd sh when yo ng ; bristle whitish light brown , ppre ed, les than half the length of the achene .

lls TYPE LOCALITY : New Orleans ( Inga ) . c i u l a and a l a the c a DISTRIB UTION : Conne t c t ; N ew Jersey to F orid Tex s , most y ne r o st ; n i Tennessee a d Ind ana .

I T I Fl 2 1 M n 1 84 . 775 a a . . 7 . L L U S RATI O N s : i . 8: ll . . . . : 3 1 6 . . . Br tt B rown , ed f ; A Gr y , ed 1 4 . 25 4 h a 3 9 : l . 460 . 9 1 0 ; l . 462 . . f ; R odor p , f , p , f N Th r m i i n h i i ul hi h l -ba : e h va . li cu l i s a c a c OTE nort ern ﬁ d ffers somew t o rser, r g d ms , g er sty e se , n l i a d onger br stles .

m ll 8 l i s B i i i s M . 6 . . E eo char r tton Sven on ; S a , an SE 1 1 1 F . 64 . 3 93 .

E leo h u L l c ari s ten i s c . . Y 3 3 1 0 . 1 83 6 O a . 3 Torr . Ann y N . : . ( New r e ns ) E h mi cr ocar ar B i ttoni i S h a 3 9 23 1 93 leoc ari s a v . r : 0 . 7 . p venson , R odor

A ua la E mi crocar a a ut uc c a u —1 dm . b c 0 . nn l , simi r to p in h bit m h o rser ; lms high ; lli i i - l i — 5 . ca a u a l spikelets e pso d to ovo d el ip so d, mm long ; s les ppressed, obt se , s c r cely kee ed , i i ac a uc c ac at wh te or lightly t nged with brown ; hene obov te , mm . long , m h ontr ted a u l u a - cu l u a an ac — the b se , obsc re y trigono s , gr yish green , obs re y retic l te d often b l k spotted ; - a a cula ac style b se depressed , pi te ; bristles short or l king .

n l E nu i s var O l a I al s . te TYPE LOCALITY : New r e ns ( g ; type of . B) . i b u h i n i : a : a a d l a T a . D ISTRIBUTION P ne rrens so t ern N ew Jersey , Georg F or d to ex s I 46 1 1 : h a 3 9 : l . 0 . . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

l i s l l R d 1 2 1 2 69 . s 3 : 4 1 E eo c har a veo ata Sven on , ho ora . 9 9 .

ci r u s ca i llaceu s ri seb C t Fl Cu b 2 9 1 6 ca i ll eus i h E e S p p G . a . . . 3 . 86 ; not S . p ac M c x . 1 803 , nor l o har a i ll e 8 c i s c p ac a Ku nth , 1 3 7 .

F l 2—5 cm u cu a a a u a s a cu . orming den e m ts ; ms long, freq ently re rved , c pill ry, tri ng l r to su ca - ua a ula u c a a - sca u and a e a l te q dr ng r , p n t te ; she ths reddish brown , firm , rio s , littl infl ted at a i i a acu 2—3 ual —4 n l s . u a 3 a s o the pex ; sp kelet l ne r , te , mm long, s ly sterile ; sc les , li e r , tr ng y a a a l trifid ac u ua at keeled , brown with hy line m rgin ; sty e ; henes most freq ently sit ted the l - a u u 1 l c u i - c u ac . a o a m b ses , tely trigono s , mm ong ( in l d ng the p rominent style b se) , ob v te , a at a and a i a o ac u i i a c a n rrowed b se pex , stip t te , shining, liv eo s to wh t sh , prominently c n ell te ; - a u l a c acu a a style b se trigono s , e ong te , coni , min te , from a bro d base ; bristles lacking .

: H a u a uba E kman TYPE LOCALITY err d r , western C ( W u a and the l i DI STRIBUTION : estern C b Is e of P nes . 60 8 I R h 3 9 l . : a : 4 . . LLUST ATION R odor p , f

l c i s retroﬂ ex i U b m . 0 . a P . A 7 S . E eo har ( o r ) rban, y nt 1 1 2 6 . 900 : 5 .

u t u i i n L am E 6 4 ci r s r e r o ex s . . c c . 7 53 . 1 80 . u i S p ﬁ Po r n y : ( P erto R co . ) hl E 2 5 C eru s de au eratu s a u . : 3 0 . 1 8 5 . i 0 . yp p p V , n m ( West Ind es ) 2 B e h m D i Pl . t S . : 93 . 1 83 3 . a o ry on r e tr oﬂexu A . etr . p u e E u Pl 2 4 1 8 E leoc hari s depa p rata Ku nth , n m . . : 1 0 . 3 7 . 1 de au eratu s i n F h e t u l m r hu var . l a . 2 4 42 oc er s o o s a . 9 . a : 1 8 . C yp p y p a p p N ees M rt . Br s m i en sk Se l sk kr 2 242 e u u S . . : . 1 8 5 1 . babl Chaeto c r s ni ve s L i eb . V d . . a i y p V ( Pro y from Cost R ca . ) u i u i e m i n sk l k Sk r 2 242 8 t V de . Se s . . . . 1 5 1 i a u hae oc er s v vi ar s L b . ca a C yp p V : . ( N r g )

Chae toc er u s ru u los us Bon l andi a 3 : 8 6 . 1 8 55 . a a a yp g N ees , p ( P n m ) h h e i E l eo c ar i s C a tari a u u . . i c . SO C 5 1 5 8 sens Br tton , Jo r N Y . M r . : 0 . 1 8 9 . Not E . Chaetari a

S . 1 8 1 7 . R .

C u a ua u s cu e filiform u ua espitose , often prolifero s nn l with fibro s root ; lms gr en , , s lly l u l - cu 2 cm . a a a u a su ca cu u re rved , long, fl ttened to deep y q dr ng r l te , obs rely p nctate sheath a u i u ca u and a at the u str mineo s to redd sh , obt se , s rio s infl ted s mmit ; spikelets few to many

’ ﬂowered cal u uall a i ui sca u e to acu , the s es s y spre d ng in fr t ; les green , keeled, obt s te , o ften i — iﬁd a c u e tr m m . u an with hestn t to redd sh brown sides ; styl ; chene long, trigono s , c c a c a u a e or s a us s - as o n ell te, ost te , obovoid to rceol te , whit tr mineo ; tyle b e light br w , as wide PART 9, 1957] CY PERACEAE 537

and one- as o as ac a a -acu a a third l ng the body of the hene , pyr mid l min te , the ngles decu rrent on the s ae of the a ne s s a ac co t che ; bri tle white , shorter th n the hene .

P u TY E LOCALITY : P erto Ri co . DISTRIB UTION : Alabam a ; West Indi es ; Central Ameri ca from B riti sh Hondu ras sou thward l bi a u la D u h u i a a a i l Co om ; Venez e ; tc G n ; Br z . I h 9 l 1 1 1 : a 3 : . 46 . . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

1 l c i s i i Li k B l 1 2 7 . v 8 1 2 : 3 . 8 7 . E eo har v para n , Hort . ero .

Chl ro cha i s i i r Rik r o r v v a a li h b Wi . 2 4 1 5 p , Ja . ss . Bot 7 : 56 . 89 . E leochari s Cu r ti si i S ll M n E F1 9 li a a a . S . . 1 6 5 . 1 3 3 . h a . m , ( Nort C ro n ) Erect from a sto ut often vertical rootsto ck covered by the culm-bases O f the previo u s

a c a cu 1— dm i ﬁlifor l 3 . m . ye r ; roots o rse , deep brown ; lms h gh , to mm wide , ight green , a u a s a u ca a u at a f intly p nct te , deeply tri te to s l te ; she ths yellowish , often p rple the b se , ﬁrm , acu and u l l u — i at a i l a —c c acu a te freq ent y ightly p rple t pped the pex ; sp kelets ine r y lindri , te , m ny

ﬂo — ual l u an u i l wered, 3 8 mm . long, u s ly whol y prolifero s d seldom perfe cting fr t ; s ca es a u 2 u ua l i u a l a u i i ppressed , obt se , mm . long , s l y w tho t kee , d rk chestn t on the s des , w th a a a a c and a a whitish hy lin e m rgin , the lowest somewh t l rger , ere t ppressed to the b se of the l r iﬁ ac i a u la a 1 l a a c a icula spike et ; style t d ; hene tr ng r , obov te , mm . ong , d rk gr y, o rsely ret te

ca c a - a a al a a ac li a a l ac to n ell te ; style b se pyr mid , n rrower th n the hene , ght gr y to ne r y bl k a a at a - c l s - with whitened elev ted ridge the b se ; bristles reddish brown , lose y retror e toothed, a ua ne rly eq ling the achene .

h i a TYPE LOCALITY : Grown at t e Berli n Botan c G rden . l i i i i l i DISTRIBUTI ON : Swamps on th e coastal p a n : V rg n a to F or da .

I RA : h a 3 9 : l . 461 . 1 2 . LLUST TION R odor p , f

i s Ku k n h Re ert . N . 2 l c i s e t . . 7 . E eo har gr e a p Sp ov 1 26 9 .

— — 1 1 . Cu m a s c 8 0 cm . lms few fro lender reeping rhizome , high mm wide in dried a al acc o cu ulca and u c a a i m teri ) , fl id , compressed , bs rely s te lightly p n t te ; she ths light brown sh - — l 3—6 - flowered ca u the a m a c c a 3 4 . p rple , pex r es ent ; spikelets ov te oblong, mm ong , ; s les a - o u a u on i a a a i n l trifid ov te oblong , bt se , str mineo s , brownish the s des , with hy line m rg ; sty e 1 - a a - a l ca c lla achene trigono u s , mm . long, greenish gr y, obov te elliptic , p rominently ng ed , n e te ul - a - a a a s rudimen with small circ ar pittings ; style b se depressed pyr mid l , gr y ; bristle white ,

- tary, from a cup like base .

Sa i la W l i uba E kman TYPE LOCALITY : ndy p ne nds , estport , Is e of P nes , C ( i DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type local ty .

I : h a 3 9 : l . 465 . 5 . LLUSTRATION R odor p , f

M m lub l i m i nu i ssim B i e . T C 73 . E eo char s t a r tton , orrey 2 1 9 0 .

— m s a c at a u u a 1 3 c . Densely c espitose ; culms capill ry, p nct l te , high , omewh t thi kened the — 3—7 -ﬂowered a i a c a 1 2 . ; b se ; roots whit sh , r ther o rse ; spikelets ovoid, mm long, loosely ca a o a ca an u a ma ; ac s le s spre ding , v te , strongly keeled , green to st eo s with hy line rgins henes

l c e a u u ca c l a , mm . long , ob ong, obovoid , irides ent , whit to gr y, obt sely trigono s , n e l te the s - as a low an u a -a i cu a depr essions tending to be horizontal ; bristles none ; tyle b e gr y, tri g l r p l te , half as wide as the achene .

: a la a i a del Ri o uba B ri tton <5 Ga er TYPE LOCALITY : Border of goon ne r P n r , C ( g li D I S TRIB UTION : Known only from th e ty pe loca ty .

I l 462 . 1 3 . S : h a 3 9 : . LLU TRATION R odor p , f

l . l i s sub cancell ata Cl k Kew B ul . Add . 74 . E eo char ar e , Ser

1908 .

- lifo rm C th n a c a cul ﬁ , , espito se , e rhizome whe present white , br n hed scending ; ms green - — a l u i ua a ula u ca 2 7 cm . long she ths green to spongy, light y p n ctate , somet mes q dr ng r s l te , ; u ua a c c a s s e ﬁliform and i ; i whitish , s lly m r es ent , the pex ometime b coming d vergent sp kelets L 18 5 3 8 NORTH AMERICAN FLO RA [VO UME ,

- — l cal i l u c u a ﬂo er d 2 5 . ; y m ny w e , mm ong ; s es green sh , kee ed, with p rplish to hestn t sides st le l c a i a u ca ri ﬁ ian u la lli ic a . t d achene tr g r , e pt to obov te , mm ong, strongly ost te w th tr n te

- a i i i a a l lu li l ca c lla c cul a i i a a , p ex , wh t sh w th pe r y stre , ght y n e te , with ir r p tt ng ; style b se n rrow

' - - l u a u i a cu li a . depressed api culate ; bri st es r diment ry , n ted to form p ke b se

u l ac a u a ala a a i c P r i n le TYPE LOCALITY : M ddy p es ne r G d j r , Mex o ( g

DISTRIBUTION : Mexi c o .

1 3 . I A : h a 3 9 : l . 46 . LLUSTR TION R odor p , f

1 2 : 6 . 900 . l mb . 9 l i s oli anth a C k S . A 7 5 . E eo char g ar e , y nt

— l D a l a i u a u al cu l l ca illa 2 5 cm . , w rf, dense y m tted, often p rol fero s nn ; ms ﬁne y p ry, ong

cu a u c a ua a ula - ulca a a u h often re rved or prostr te , p n t te , q dr ng r s te ; she th str mineo s to reddis , i — l a 2—6 -ﬂowered s a a i u n li i a 1 3 . s c r o s a d s ghtly nﬂ ated at the pex ; sp kelets mm ong , ov te , ; c les

- i u a u li l a i i n u l triﬁd ac 1 . d rk p rp sh brown , kee ed , spre d ng fr it ; sty e ; hene mm long , tr gono s , a l - a l i i c i a a li - a l u c a sh rp y ng ed , wh t sh , be om ng gr y to d rk o ve brown when ripe , f int y p n t te

i ula l — u u ll li a i a acu a 3 - c at a ret c te ; sty e base s a y ghter , py r m d l , te , somewh t rested the b se with

a l ali cu - u a a overh nging proj ection s ; brist es hy ne , obs rely r etrorse toothed , r diment ry to ne rly a a a s long s the chene .

C u b Wri ht 3 3 67 : babl a C. TYPE LOCALITY Pro y western ( g , n DISTRIB UTION : Western a d c entral Cu ba .

460 . 6 . I : h a 3 9 : l . LLU STRATION R odor p , f

s i R s V . 8: . . 7 l i s u l M . r u . 6 . E eo cha t berc o a ( chx ) S Sy t eg 1 2 1 1 8 7 . 2 : 5 .

S ci r u s tu be u l u r ~A rc os s i h . Fl . Bo m . 1 8 3 . p M c x . : 3 0 . 1 0 Rh h nc os or m n t h C 4 1 8 5 l a . a o os ac a u . O S n . 1 0 . 5 . y p y Ste d . y y p ( N ew r e ns ) Chl r o h u i s t ber c u l s Rik i r i 2 4 1 89 5 . o c ar W . . 7 : 56 . o a l , Jah b . ss Bot

E l eo h u b u 22 a Sc a . r t 1 9 . c a i s er l os r u bni co ensi s al h a 23 23 3 . c a va . : p Fern d , R odor ( Nov oti ) E le h i s tu ber u l e t 1 9 a achu s oc ar r r S h a 3 9 2 50 . 3 . c osa . r o s a : 7 f venson , R odor ( M ss sett ) E le char s u be t u 93 7 . o i r c losa u bni co ensi s S h a 3 9 : 2 50 . 1 f . p venson , R odor

C a c i la i i ca c us o rse, esp tose p nts w th short , vert l rootsto ks , or often with only soft , fibro a cul a lauc u - —8 m i a a i us cl l b ses ; ms fl ttened , g o s green , d . h gh ; she ths str m neo to green , o se y a acu at a i l a -flo er d a l - la c la ppressed , te the pex ; sp ke ets m ny w e , bro d y ovoid to ovoid n eo te , —1 i and ai 5 5 . cal ca la u a u a mm long ; s es rt gino s , str mineo s with n rrow green midrib f nt to a c l a i a u li ac u d rk brown o or tion on the s des ; achene body mm . long , str mineo s to o v eo s ,

i u l l a l - ll u acu ca c a a . tr gono s , deep y n e l te ; sty e b se p id , mitriform , mm long, obt se to te ,

3 - l at a u u all u ali cca i al c ac - often obed the b se, s y eq ng ( o s on ly ex eeding) the hene body in size ;

- i l a uali l i . u u br st es ne rly eq ng the sty e base l ght brown to ferr gineo s .

: a li i i TYPE LOCALITY C ro na nfer ore . Sand h chi the c a al l ai : a Sc i a N H a hi u h DISTRIBUTION y s ores , eﬂy on o st p n Nov ot ; ew mps re , so t O and l a i n l n a aba a a d a a . west to Tex s ; in nd A m , Tennessee , Ark ns s i 1 n 8 I . F1 . . 2 . 1 1 4 a M a . . 7 . 1 3 . : 8: 11. 7 : 3 6 . . 7 . LLUSTRATION S Br tt Brown , ed f ; A Gr y , ed 2 — . 5 3 h ; a 3 9 : l . 464 . 1 3 . f R odor p , f

77 l i s tortili s Li k l i n R E eo char ( n ) S chu tes . S . 2 2 1 2 s . V . M : 9 . 8 4 . Sy t eg ant .

3 S ci r us tor ti li s Li h rb e a h k 1 a w c s . 8 2 . . 1 8 0 p nk , J G : 7 . E l eor i ari r si n lex L m . 3 : 3 06 . 1 8 ci r us s lex E 11 1 8 1 h . c . . Y . i 6 S . 6 . p Torr Ann y N 3 . Not p p ( Nort éar i i n o a . i E leochar i s c am to tri c ha h H u . S . N at b . 3 99 E . om t . . . 6 : . 1 90 1 . c a p sens C Mo r , Contr U er Not p tr i cha Cl a 1 900 . rke ,

P i al c ac c lu c cal a c sub erenn , forming omp t mps ; rootsto ks ( when present ) verti , br n hed , li u i c ul i i 2— d a l c 5 m . gneo s , the roots ﬁrm , wh te , thi kened ; ms l ght green , tw sted, high , sh rp y ia ula a a i u acu at a i l l 4—8 tr ng r ; she ths str m neo s , te the pex ; sp ke ets e lipsoid to ovoid , mm . long, a -ﬂowered cal 2- 3 u il . ca a u ll i few to m ny ; s es mm long, obt se , rt gino s , y e ow , prom nently

a i a c u i a al triﬁd ac 2 m rked w th d rk hestn t on the s des , the m rgin hy ine ; style ; hene mm . long, l u l a l i u l ca c lla obli vaceou s a - l b nt y to sh rp y tr gono s , deep y n e te , to gr y, one third of its ength 1 CYPE ACEAE 539 PART 9, 957 ] R

. o ccu pied by the n arrow pyr amidal -s ubulate style-base ; bristles equaling or ex ceeding the - ac . hene , reddish brown , retrorsely toothed

bl S u h li B s TYPE LOCALITY : Proba y o t Caro na ( o c) . l l i : l a n b ch i th e c as a a L . Y . : S a a d a . D ISTRIBUTION w mps ogs , eﬂy on o t p n ong I s nd , N , to Tex s

T 773 . a M an IL L U RA TI Ill F 2 1 1 6 . . 8: n . l . . . : 3 . . 1 S O s i . 8 7 . 3 . Br tt Brow , ed f ; A Gr y , ed

. 25 2 ; Rh a 3 9 : l . 464 . 4 . f odor p , f

1 1 2 1 92 i u l ta s R d 3 : 9 . s 8 . S ca e 9 Ser e Sven on , ho ora .

— i l i th l S i l b i l h . l c u e 5 7 . ac p ke ets o ovo d , mm ong ; enes mm ong, n d ng e on a l -ba g te sty e se . Spikelets cy lindri c to ovate h l i he a i al l -ba c . l c u t . A enes mm ong, in d ng py r m d sty e se A chne s l i c lu i the low l -ba i h a l mm . on g, n d ng sty e se , w t ng es l u h a h strong y dec rrent on t e c ene .

8 l i ch s l i l k 7 . s a t C C a . W E eo char p y y ( r ght) ar e , mb A 2 2 1 : 7 . 00 . Sy . nt . 9

S ci r u s ach s t lu i n H v l a i a a 2 9 1 8 1 . s . h i Sau . a b c . C . a 8 : 7 . 7 p p y y C Wr g t An . A d n

- — Cu u u a a a c a c c 3 5 dm . lms n mero s from short horizont l or br n hed s ending rootsto k , high ,

— - - 1 2 . a ﬂattened ul ca a a mm wide , r ther soft , terete to s te when dry ; she ths d rk reddish brown , li u i i u — at ac u ut a 5 7 . not loose, ob q e the herb eo s b ﬁrm pex ; sp kelets obovo d , obt se , mm long ,

cla a at a ca u i ca c l a i u -ﬂecked often v te the b se ; s les obt se , th n , s r e y keeled , str m neo s with brown

a cl ca a u a 3 a . m rgins , the lowest in ined to be rtil gino s ; st men s ; nthers mm long ; style triﬁd ac a l u l c u i a ; hene n rrow y obovoid, trigono s , mm . ong ( in l d ng the elong ted style

a — - l - i a a ac b se) , yellowish brown , faintly striate reticulate ; sty e base one th rd s long s the hene

a a u a - c c a a ca l a body, elong ted , tri ng l r oni , o r sometimes lmost f l te ; brist es d rk brown , retrorsely ual a toothed , eq ing the body of the chene . E h : i n i i a del Ri o C . Wri t TYPE LOCALITY dge of ponds p ne woods , P n r ( g i DISTRIB UTION : Cu ba ; P u erto Ri co ; San D omi ngo ; Costa Ri ca ; northern Sou th Amer ca . IL L U S TRATI O 8 — h l Il l 3 . 5 9 . s 9 . 5 . 4 la l . C . a 3 : . 46 R odor p , f ; C rke , y p p , f

1 l i ﬁl i l 2 1 . 8 7 . 79 . s cu lm i s u u m P : 44 3 E eo char K nth , En . .

S ci r u - s su lcatu s h 2 N u l tu s i h u a 1 8 1 1 . Pl . S . 3 0 . 1 8 1 . . s ca . S p Rot , Nov p ot Pet t T o rs , ? S ci r u il . s tenu i cu lu s S h n 2 4 1 8 24 . a Schu l i e . a . : 7 . c a . S V 8: S . . p r d ; tes R . y st g M nt ( Br z ) 1 ? Chae toc er u tenu u lu 42 s 2 9 6 . 1 8 . i c s i n a Fl . a : yp Nees M rt . Br s . ? Chaet m 1 i l oc er u e i n tu 42 a . s ar i n a Fl a 2 96 . 1 8 . a s . : yp g Nees M rt . . Br s ( Br z ) S ci r i di u m u l t 1 i s ca u m 2 hi a l . i n a Fl 2 8 1 84 . a a a . : 9 . p Nees M rt . . Br s ( B , Br z ) L m t ' i noc oa cal tr t L i c . a a i ebm i en k k k r 2 2 44 1 8 5 1 . yp . V d s . Sel s . S . V . : . ( Mex o ) E leochar i s cal trata S u S n 5 C . 8 1 . 1 8 5 . yp te d . y . yp H e leochari s R thi an k o a B6 c . l 3 1 8 . F ora 4 : 3 . 60 ' E leoc l i ri s s i lcata L Li a a 3 6 : 445 . 1 870 . i 2 4 u u c . a a 9 : 9 . 1 834 Nees , nn e ( nomen n d m) ; Bo k nn e O ga i i r zi . i S ci r us li cu lmis Sch a r 1 1 9 d i seb . Abh . i . . 24 3 1 . 87 . p ﬁ r G Ges . W ss Gott : H e le h i s B l oc ar i an B a . a ans a Ock l a 6 2 1 59 . 1 9 bu c a : 87 . . F or ( Pern m o ) H e le h is oc ar cos tar cen i B 4 C i ca. 896 . a i s s 6 k ll Z e i tsch r . 2 : 3 . 1 c . A g . Bot . ( ost R ) H e le - ochar i s u 4 u i . r ur e i nat B k l Z e i s h r 2 1 89 6 . o va l . . t c . : 3 . p p g a 6 c . A g Bot ( B enos A res )

E c m an a c cau — a and u ca cu 4 dm . re t fro s ending dex ; lms high , fl ttened s l te , lightly u c a a l a u 1 a u i - a u acu s c as . p n t te , r re y m h mm wide ; she th p rpl sh brown to str mineo s , te , some l i a i i - li i —1 l a -flowered times s ightly nfl ted at the apex ; sp kelets ovo d cy ndr c, 4 0 mm . ong , m ny ; ca u a a a u - a i and a s les obt se to em rgin te , str mineo s to reddish brown , with l ghter keel promi u l i i c u ca u a l ri fi ac . ent y s rio s m rg n ; anthers mm . long ; sty e t d ; hene mm long ( n l ding

- a u i ulca a l li cu cula the style b se) , trigono s w th s te ng es , g stening white , often obs rely reti te or - la - u a a a brown strio te ; sty le base nearly as wide as the apex of the achene , irreg l rly pyr mid l , a a i l u an a l often somewh t ﬂ ttened, wh te to ight brown , freq ently with overh ging m rgins ; brist es u uall ua ac white , s y eq ling the hene .

a i l TYPE LOCALITY Br z .

DI STRIBUTION : Mexi co to Panama ; Cu ba ; Domi ni ca ; tropi cal Sou th Ameri ca . 1 2 465 . I N 9 l . : al . M u s . ac . u i 3 4 : 46 0 h a 3 : ; LLUSTRATION S An B enos A res ; R odor p , f , D c l 8: S la . : l . A es o e , Gen p . P nt . Argent . 4 p 7 0 . 540 NO RTH AMERICAN FLO RA [VOL UME 18

h r D i n G i il l c i s ac ca a s . C . a s . C B . 80 . E eo har p y p e v y, H t h e ot 1 8 3 6 1 74 . : 5 .

hil 1 85 5 . . u n C . 7 7 . E leochari s leptoca li s Steu d Sy . yp ( C e ) O

8 h l . l i hi l 43 : 5 53 . 1 73 . H e l eochari s li ocar a hi li a . . p P ppi , An Un v C e ( C i e )

i hil 93 : 3 49 . 1 896 . Ch l . i i al . U H eleochari s le i da hil . p P pp , An n v C e ( i e )

P c c u a c c ﬁlifo rm 10—40 erennial , with a thi ckened , des ending rootsto k ; c lms f s i led, rigid , ,

i u l li u a u l to a u a cm . h gh , ere ct to re cu rved , freq ent y pro fero s ; she th p rp e str mineo s , the pex —1 a o u 8- 16—ﬂowered acu a l a c 5 0 mm. rigid , te , ppressed ; spike et s ov te , ompressed , long , b t ; cal l u i i c u a - a c la u acu u - a ac s es oosely s bd st ho s , ov te l n eo te , obt se to te , p rplish brown to ne rly bl k , u ual a c cu u ali e at a a s 3 a s ly with green midrib , not onspi o sly hy n the m rgin ; st men , nthers - l triﬁ a i u u a s cu a a mm . . d mm ong ; style ; chene tr gono s with obt se ngle , orbi l r ov te , l u h - a ll - l - a e a a u acu to ong ( incl ding t e style b se) , smooth , ye owish white ; sty e b s pyr mid l , s b te acu a l l a cu on a o f ac s min te , the tri obed ower p rt de rrent the ngles the hene ; bristle slender, u i eq al ng the achene or frequ ently absent . hi l TYPE LOCALITY : C e . : hi l i a i u c i n a a La ah B ee tle ali i a DISTRIBUTION C e ; Argent n ; ntrod ed Nev d ( ke T oe , ) , C forn H mi th and i n u ali a u b l n E i . G . a d l a u H . S ( m o dt dor do Co nt es , ) A str I L TRA l L U S TI O N s : h a 4 1 : l . 5 44 . 4 D c l . S . la . 4 : p . 60 . R odor p , f ; es o e , Gen p P nt Argent N OTE : Introdu ction of the speci es to Au strali a and Nevada i s probably dependent on the h i u s eep nd stry .

SPE CIE S OF U N CERTAI N CL A S SIFI CATI ON 1 8 l i l i d T L Y 1 8 6 . 3 04 . 3 . s A c N : 3 E eo char a b a orr . nn . y . . .

E leochari s s i m l ex u h E u P i l . 2 4 83 . S u h a l a . : 1 3 . 1 7 p K nt , n m ( o t C ro n ) E leochari lbi da ar B er l n as s a v . a di eri i u Y i So 1 8 . 1 889 . . c . c . 5 : 0 Br tton , Jo r N . . M r ( Tex ) E leochari s B e l ndi r i a m 2 2 9 . a er b . l S . : 1 6 . 1 00 C rke, y Ant E leochar s bermu di ana i u Y 1 1 1 u a 3 1 9 1 . 9 3 . . . . . a . : i Br tton , Jo r N Bot G rd ( Berm d )

Tu m a —3 dm u uall c c cu . fted , fro slender , reeping rootsto k ; lms long, s y wiry , slender , 1 i n i . a c a a a u a mm wide l rge spe imens , lightly stri te ; she ths str mineo s , often with brown sh a the a l i u a u a a a u c i c -o b se , pex strong y obl q e , c te , somewh t c rtil gino s ; spikelets yl ndri void , 2- 10 il i l . u ca to li a u ca a u ca c mm long , obt se ; s les white ght brown , ppressed, obt se, rt g no s , s r e y l ca u a a triﬁd kee ed, the s rio s m rgin lmost lacking ; stamens 3, the anthers mm . long ; style ; ac 1 l l - u u to . a a c ac at a henes mm ong , bro d y obov te trigono s , often ontr ted the pex , smooth , d ll i a u - a c c- a -f u as w as sh ning brown when m t re ; style b se oni deltoid , p le brown , one o rth ide the ac i - - t a c ac c se s . hene ; bristles d rk r edd sh brown , ex eeding the hene , with lose retror e teeth

: alb la S u h a li a Baldwi n TYPE LOCALITY T ot Is nd , o t C ro n ( ) : Sali h a l a i u a D ISTRIBUTION ne s ores : M ry nd to Mex co ; Berm d . IL L U S TRAT I O i . 1 n 4 . . 8: 11. PI . 2 1 1 . 7 7 7 a M a . . . 1 8 s : 3 7 . . 7 Br tt Brown , . ed . f ; A Gr y , ed f 25 6 la I — ; , ll . Cy . l . 3 9 . 1 7 21 i Fl . u a 52 . . 79 h a 3 9 : l . 464 . 7 . C rke p p , f B r tton , Berm d f ; R odor p , f

B T 6 . UL B O S Y L I S u um Pl 2 20 1 5 . 8 7 . . : 3 K nth, En .

sub I sole i s m nser n um [ p ; no en co va d . ]

B u lbos t li s S 1 8 1 D 7 . 1 8 3 6 re i C . c . Not y teven , , nor , nom j S teno h ll us R f N a . eo . 4 2 p y g . 1 8 5 . 1 O ncos t li s a t N i n a Fl 2 y M r ; ees M rt . . Bras . 2 : 80 . 1 84 .

Pu c a ua a c cu l a a s bes ent nn l or perenni l herbs with slender ere t lms , e fy below , the le ve a l l a ﬁliform l a c a or u c a . S u a a n rrow y ine r or with ili te p bes ent she ths pikelets mbe l te , c pit te , li ar a a la a cul u ac s or so t y , sometimes ppe ring ter l on the m , with one or mor e s btending br t or i l ca . Scal u c a ca u ua l u u F ster e s les es p bes ent , spir lly imbri ted , s l y decid o s . lower perfect . S l 3 - c an a a ty e left , with enl rged b se ( tuber cle) sometimes c onstri cted below and u sually i a ac P A . a ac . c u a u pers stent on the pex of the hene eri nth l king hene trigono s , r rely lentic lar , wi th lon i tudi nall elon ate cells and u l a a l - u u a g y g freq ent y with p pi lose ro ghened s rf ce . Sta 1— mens 3 .

A u 70 c c sa ac c bo t spe ies , hieﬂy of dry ndy pl es in the tropi s. T c S ci r us s teno h llu E B E C yp p s . ulbos t lis s teno h lla e s e ies , p p y ll [ y p y ( ll . ) larke] . PART 9 CYPERACEAE 54 1 9, 1 57]

i l Inﬂorescen ce composed of a singl e sp ke et .

l i al i i c l a . Spike et term n , not d st n t y ﬂ ttened

i l i b u . Sp ke et ovo d , o t se Plant with a thi ckened woody base . - - l l b . B ase of pl ant not woody thi ckened ; achenes strong y 3 o ed i Spikelet acum nate .

S i l l a al i i c l a . p ke et ter , d st n t y ﬂ ttened l -l b Achenes strong y 3 o ed . - Achenes not 3 lobed . i l Perenni al plants with li near sp ke ets . i l Dwarf ann u als with ovate sp ke ets . - Achenes ru gose u ndu l ate . - Achenes not ru gose u ndu l ate .

Inﬂoresc enc e of two or more spikelets . u al Slender ann s . - l i c a i ll l . l Achenes promi nent y sp nes ent p p ose, on y mm ong ; b lla i nﬂorescence u m e te . - Achenes not promi nently spi nesc ent papi llose .

i c c c . h th . l A c enes smoo , mm ong ; nﬂores en e ongested i h a l u l ow - a i ll u ac Achenes w t tr nsverse y r gose to p p ose s rf e ,

l i c c all u b lla . mm . ong ; nflores en e norm y m e te - - i ll M atu re achenes bri ght bl u i sh gray with a waxy , l ow pap ose i S B i li ati o li a u l i c a . 1 0 . . c s rfac e ( At ant Un ted t tes) f . i l u u l M atu re achenes di st nctly transverse y r g ose . a i u M atu re ach enes str m neo s . l Achenes mm . ong . l l a l hi i A chenes mm . ong ; p nt strong y sp d . bl M atu re ach enes gray to dark brown or ack . c u b ll a Inflores en ce m e te . i Inflorescenc e cap tate . i al Perenn s . i l i h a i a -ci li a a Infloresc en ce cap tate ; sca es w t pect n te te m rgin 1 5 . i Infloresc enc e c ongested to u mbellate ; scal e marg ns not pectinate . i l c i cu u l a b at the a the c u l Sp ke ets onsp o s y fl ttened , orne pex of m n u i n B s e t ea ( laterally i B . pa c flora a d . ac ) . fi i f rm Culms capi llary to l o . l —2 m hi h i h ca illa l a i i la Sl a 1 d . ender p nts g , w t p ry e ves s m r u l to th e c ms . h a c b . auci A enes o ov te p flora . h l il b c . s et e A enes strong y tr o ed ac a . 2— hi i h Coarse plants 6 dm . gh w t recu rved basal l eaves i ll i l a a . nes i o ti c Rev g gedo Is nds) a . fl at n hi - i bu Cu lms a d t ckened 1 0 mm . w de) ; ro st West i i Ind an spec es . Sh a h i l ll e t open ng dense y woo y . c c 1 —3 a a i l l Inflores en e of ggreg ted sp ke ets , strong y —2 m l a c . . fl ttened, ong c c u b ll a Inflores en e m e te . Sh a h i fl o ccos e i c c c a i a e t open ng not ; nflores en e p t te . Spikelets ovoi d ( not conspi cuou sly flattened) i n an umbellate to i congested nflorescen ce . h a l u b c n . A enes not tr nsverse y r gose , deep row l a i ll Achenes dense y p p ose . ch l a i c c u u all c all A enes e ong te ; nflores en e s y rowded ; t , nearly gl abrou s pl ants with gli stening cinnamon l l h co ored ower s eaths . ch b i la a A enes o ovo d ; p nt dw rf . ch h li h l a ill b n b c i A enes smoot to s g t y p p ose, row , e om ng bl u i h - a h s gr y w en matu re . u l i all lab u C ms essent y g ro s . u l hi i C ms sp d . ch a l u b c i a a h a A enes tr nsverse y r gose, e om ng d rk gr y w en m tu re .

1 B lb o st l i s - . u d i dm i V k d . L A h . B . v . . y para oxa ( Spreng ) n . S et a dl 1 1 . 00 . Han 7 . 9

S choenu d u H E K S 1 2 2 E o au lon 8: . . 1 8 1 6 u l ri c s s a i ce s . . . . . : 7 a p Nov Gen p . ( Venez e ) Not di m c ho enu s s adi ceus hl ceu L am 1 89 S a 1 805 . . 7 ; nor p V , 1 82 S choenu s r xu s l 1 9 0 . 5 pa ad o Spreng . Sy st . : . ? N emu m s u m D H i l Prodr 2 padi ce esv . ; am t . . 1 8 5 . I sole i d E u Pl 2 6 1 8 p s para oxa Ku nth , n m . . 2 : 0 . 3 7 . R h nchos o i d O k ll Z ei ts h r 2 3 89 ra err i a B c . . . c . 9 : . 1 6 . al i a y p p g A g Bot ( Centr Amer c . ) teno h llus r adoxu s N H a S at. b 1 8 S S a l C . U . 8 8 1 9 1 6 p y p t nd ey , ontr . er . : . . Bu lbos t l s s d ce K k n R S i a i a u e th . e e rt. . 23 : 1 9 1 92 6 y p p p . Nov 7 . . 5 42 N RT A ERI CAN RA OL UME 18 O H M FLO [V ,

P i ca a cl a - a ul erenni al with a thickened , vert l b se othed by persistent le f b ses , the res ting

— n 3 cm i c ul 4—1 2 at a . a c ﬁre resi stant str uctu re often 6 cm long d . th k ; ms , borne the pex of

filifo rm a n cu a u ali the cau dex ; leaves capillary to , fl ttened , ofte re rved , shorter th n or eq ng —1 in l h cu l a a 4 0 cm . c a c c a t e ms , the sheaths densely l n te , high , thi kened , stri te ; inflores en e s g e i — 5 i c a at a u al a 7 1 0 . . termin , obov te sp kelet mm long , mm w de , be oming bro der m t rity by i i - i u lu c a ac ca a a i - u i a expans on of the per anth l ke o ter invo r l br ts ; s les l nceol te , rig d, long c sp d te , - u l a fi i a u o a u . l nate mbr ate ; m t re achenes ob v te to py riform , obt sely trigono s , mm ong ,

a low u ac u ula u l a a mm . wide , d rk brown with the s rf e nd tions freq ent y m rked by tr nsverse

a li u l -c c l l a 2— gr y nes ; t ber c e dark brown , depressed oni ; sty e slender , e ong te ( 3 mm . long

- below the styl e br an ches ) stamens 3 , the anthers mm . long .

l a : a ac a u . TYPE LOCALITY C r s , Venez e i la and d r ai u ba a a a th S u h a : c . D ISTRIBUTION P ne nds y pr ries , C ; P n m ; nor ern o t Ameri P i i i a N h E u l 2 : 2 1 0 c i b th e c h ch he c h b . L a c : a l . OTE V ( n m ) des r ed spe men w re e ved from er m r k , “ ” San D i as hav m s u am i s a i u i u i i l S cho enu s s adi ceu s from om ngo , g q m rg ne n d s , q te ev dent y not p ’ nor does Lamarck s desc ri pti on of th e Afri can pl ant as h avi ng glabrou s leaves an d i h i c i i u i gl abrou s scales c onform w th t e Amer an spec es u nder d sc ss on .

2 B ulb o st li s u s s P sl s mb . y p be c en ( re ) Sven on , co . nov .

A b ld u be ens l Rel H aenk 1 2 i aardi a sc . . 1 80 . 1 8 8 . g p Pres ,

b l P h E u P 2 228 . i m ri s t i s r es lii u . l . : . 1 83 7 F y K nt , n m I 1 1 —3 9 9 i l . 4 . . 1 0 . c . B u lb t l l i nu x l ll C . os i s c av a . y C rke , y p p , f ( Mex o )

A C lif u — ual u ﬁ orm a 1 dm . a a nn ? lm s , gl bro s to slightly hispid, 3 high , deeply sulc te le ves

ac u a u i uc an cu s a a u l set eo s , gl bro s to h spid, m h shorter th the lm , the she ths str mineo s , ong pilose at the apex ; spikelet single and termi nal ( sometimes with a singl e acicular br act half i l —1 3— a a 5 3 . 6 . ca a u the length of the sp ke et ) , ov te , mm long , mm wide ; s les ne rly gl bro s to ll u a u a m acu e and i hirte o s , str mineo s to bl ck , with greenish idrib , t somet mes prominently uc a li at all c and a at a u a u m ron te , ttle o r not keeled , be oming loose spre ding m t rity ; m t re ac a l a u ca at a an l - u henes bro d y obov te , tr n te to depressed the pex d deep y 3 lobed, abr ptly a l l l a l u u c c c u n rrowed be ow the midd e , prominent y tr nsverse y r gose ; t ber le oni , trigono s , l u l c u u a and c mm ight brown , freq ent y de id o s ; style elong ted thi kened . long below the

a c a a . . br n hes ) st mens 3 , the nthers mm long

” : i c and Lu clu hi li i b ill E um hi li TYPE LOCALITY Mex o zon ( ex ded from P pp nes y Merr , n . P p . Pl 1 1 2 . : 7 . i c l hi a a é i c bi : l a . DISTRIBUTION Mex o ( More os , C p s , M x o Co om I — 41 . 1 3 . I l ll l . : a . C . LLUSTRATION C rke , y p p , f

i l K ll B l s l i s F u nck i u d . k B dd b o t ew u . . u C A 3 . . y ( Ste ) ar e , Ser 8 2 1 6 . 08 : 9 .

1 . 1 8 5 5 . u l a I e k n . 9 S . C s o l pi s F unc ii Steu d . y y p ( Venez e ) " u u tu s BO k Li a a 3 6 7 40 1 8 0 all é i : . 7 . c . S ci rp s ten i spi c a c . nn e ( V e de M x o ) 1 8 S i 1 7 1 . 1 88 3 . an u i i te c u s a . . . ca . L S . W S ci r u s he ro ar c : c . p p ts Pro Am A d ( s Potos , Mex o ) b 2 1 3 0 4 C u . 1 l u u n i u ll . l : 89 . S tenophy l s F cki i Br tton , B orrey T _ M i N a 1 l . u s . . C . t. 4 3 3 8 . 1 94 5 B u lbos t li s tenui s i cata a a : . y p B rros , An Argent

lif l —12 la u l i C a nua ﬁ orm cu 3 cm . a s a espitose n l , the ms high, g bro s ; e ve s mil r , smooth to

i ul u ua i c cul l a - a li ﬁ i hisp d o s , often eq l ng or ex eeding the ms ; e f she ths s ghtly mbr ate at the

u l cu u u uc a al i apex , u s a ly obs red by the n mero s , red ed b s sp kelets ; inﬂorescence a single ter

i l i i l —1 c l al a acu a 4 0 . a a l m n , ine r , m n te sp ke et mm long ; s es d rk brown with green keel , loose y a ac a acu uc a an a ua uc tt hed to the xis , te to m ron te , the lowermost often with tten te m ro ; l a i u - ac a l a 1 . a l a u ul hene bro d y obov te , mm ong, str m neo s to gr y , deep y tr nsverse r g ose , the i l i a a . a bas l achenes l rger mm long) w th co rser , e ongated vert cal cells ; t u ber cle n arrowly l l l a 2 a l c c . s a to bro d y oni ; sty e s ender , mm ong ; st men , the nthers mm . long .

u l a TYPE LOCALITY : Venez e . : u l a Sa a a a C l bi a E l Sal a i c ali c é i c DI STRIBUTION Venez e ; nt M rt , o om ; v dor ; Mex o ( J s o , M x o a O i aba hihu ahu a San Lu i i i a and i c li i a M ndo [ st te] , r z , C , s Potos ) Ar zon New Mex o ; Bo v ( a n 1 41 0 ; b 1 1 l l u 5 : 03 . ﬁde i u l . Br tton , B Torrey C 8 — C u b 1 l . I L L U TRATI O s u ll . l 5 : 0 . 5 1 0 D c l S S . l a B Torrey p , f ; es o e , Gen p . P nt . Argent . ta al M u 1 A B . tenu i s i ca . s . Ci N a 1 1 1 . 4 l . as . t. 4 3 1 4 : p ( p ) ; An Argent : . ’ N : c ll c i San Sal a Calder on 1 1 41 h as - u u l ach OTE A o e t on from v dor ( ) non r g ose enes .

RT A ER A RA O UM 18 544 NO H M I C N FLO [V L E ,

i i Ku kenth 8: m B u lb o st l i s cu r assav ca B . k 7 . y ( r tton) E an ; 22 " U A k B A : 6 . b . r an , r ot

m u a a r u mi li o la i n ba S b . . 5 : 290 . 1 90 . B u lbos ty li s floccosa va . B p C rke Ur n , y Ant 7 ( C r c o)

ll lu b 43 : 445 . 1 9 1 6 . S teno h llus c u r assavi cu s i u . p y Br tton , B Torrey C A“ 929 E a ba 22 6 1 . n Kuken h U . . : . t u ar alles ce s t . B u lbos y li s c r ass avi ca v . p km n ; r n , Ark Bot H i i ( a t . )

D a c a ua u l i a a a cul ul w rf espitose nn l , freq ent y only w th b s l spikelet ; ms set ose , sometimes i a filifo rm u u a cu i n re aching 1 dm . in he ght ; le ves , set lose , freq ently longer th n the lms ; _ l —1 2— cal 3 . flor n la al uall a l a 3 0 . esce ce ter , u s y sing e fl ttened spike et mm long , mm wide ; s es acu a u i i a al i a n te , str mineo s to brown , w th prom nent green keel ; b s sp kelets less fl tte ed, i u a l acu a a ac a . min te , d rk brown ; henes obov te , mm long, w th obt se ng es , iridescent n an u c a - i cula a u u cl a a as a as the brow d p n t te ret te when m t re ; t ber e brown , fl ttened , h lf bro d l a c a 2 the an a l l l a . chene ; sty e s ender , e ong te , mm long be ow the br n hes ; st men s , thers

1 . slender , mm . long a TYPE LOCALITY : Cu rac o . O D r a an H a D ISTRIBUTION : y l imestone rocks : C u rac o d iti . 1 2 I R 1 . : l . . LLUST ATION p , f

B l o st l i s u if l i Ru d F M acbr Fi ld M u s u b . . . 8 . y ten o a ( ge) e l 1 1 1 1 Pu B . : 5 93 . b . ot .

P i . 1 8 5 u u . 80 . S ci r us tenui oli s u l . a 1 p f R dge , G n H 1 222 I s ole s bu on E K . . 8: S . : . 1 8 1 6 . u la . pi f i a . . Nov . Gen p ( Ty pe from Venez e ) E S 5 l . 5 1 0 . 1 8 1 . S r u u n i i n L am . c c . u : 7 ci p s b fo i s Po r . n y pp 1 42 li s e u n Fl a . 2 8 3 . 1 8 . O nc s t . : o y t n i folia Nees i M art . Br s b r u m 2 89 1 B u l os t li s ca i lla i s va . ten i oli a la S b . . : . 900 . y p r f C rke , y Ant

Chi efl a ua cu ca lla dm u ca la u a u y nn l ; lms pi ry, . high , s l te , g bro s , r rely hirtello s ; l a a illa an u a u a i fimbr ia at h e ves c p ry, shorter th the c lms , the str mineo s she ths l ghtly te t e a re c c a c u u l l - c n pex ; inflo s en e simple or ompo nd mbel , the spike ets most y long pedi ellate a d i u u l l — a at a c a a c s a a 3 6 . sol t ry the ends of the freq ently r te br n he ; spike ets n rrow y ov te , mm u l a u cal a a l a u l u u long , freq ent y c te ; s es d rk brown with lighter kee , gl bro s to hirtel o s, u s ally u acu a uc a ac u a obt se to te , r rely m ron te ; henes trigono s , obov te , mm . long, finely c - a ll cca i a cu a a a n u spines ent p pi ose ( o s on lly reti l te to n e rly smooth) , str mi eo s to grayish c ca ac u c i - u l s brown , often with on ve f es ; t ber le r edd sh brown , min te ; sty e lender , mm . a c a 1 a long below the br n hes ; st men , the nther mm . long . i TYPE LOCALITY : Fren ch Gu an a . : Chi efl h S u h i ca al ca n u Wri ht DISTRIBUTION y nort ern o t Amer ; so s ttered i C ba ( C . g ’ E l Sal a Calder on u a ala H e de <5: L ux 3 8 88 Conso u i tl a i c L i e b v dor ( G tem ( y ) q , M ex o ( m ann ) ; Panama ( S tandley I l 1 1 0 u Pl . u i a l . 22 ; . . . . LLU STRATION S p , f ; R dge , G n p ’ N : W i h uba ci and i i la c ll c i all i h i i ch u l a OTE r g t s C n spe mens some s m r o e t ons , w t d st o s, e ong te i l and a l h ach h a a i i c l cali i sp ke ets ne r y smoot enes , per ps represent d st n t o zed spec es .

B u lb o st l i s R b l . i n 9 ott . C k k f 1 y barbat a ( ) ar e Hoo . . F . B i I d 6 65 1 1 8 . . : . 9 r t n 3 .

i r u s b b tu R D r P r S c p ar a s ottb . esc . l . Ra . 2 7 . 1 7 72 . I s ol e ba b t Pr 2 i s r a a . . odr . 22 . 1 8 1 p R Br 0 . i r u s D u s k 2 Bei tr . . 3 8 . 1 9 S c s ii BOc . 8 a i i p Cy p : 0 . [ M rt n qu e ; type i n correctly cited ( D uss 47 8 i i zr u m i t as B lbos t li s bri ata l a S mb . . 2 : 87 B mbri at p ) y fi C rke, y Ant Not . fi a ( Nees) lariO é e . ] S te no h llu s ori d nu s i a N a h u ll . Club 22 : 1 6 1 . 1 p y fl Br tton ; s , B Torrey 89 5 . ( Flori da ) B u lbos t li s ori da u s l h a 0 2 n a 4 : 3 9 . 1 9 y fl Fern d , R odor 3 8 .

D l u an ua u cu c filiform —2 dm ense y t fted n l with long fibro s roots ; lms ere t , , . high , la u l a ac u uc a - g bro s ; e ves set eo s , m h shorter th n the culms ; inflorescence a many flower ed com ac unbel 1 i p cm . a c i ca i a n uc 3 t in d meter , often be om ng p t te or eve red ed to or 4 spikelets , i acc pa i by capil a ac c i i c c i somet mes om n ed l ry br ts ex eed ng the nflores en e ; sp kelets linear , —1 - 3 0 . acu cal a a c a l l mm long, te ; s es ov te l n eol te , strong y kee ed with green midrib and brown and a cu uc la u a l i - sides short ex rrent m ro , g bro s to sp rse y str gose hi spid ; achenes sharply

The c bi a i a i a l i n c ibi var alles om n t on m de n dvertent y des r ng . p cens . CYPE ACEAE 545 PART 9, 1957] R

ll cu l cula i a i sodia u a . u trigono s , obov te , mm long , d brown , smooth , obs re y reti te w th ne rly ll - a u u ca aci cula i a l lac l ﬁli metric ce s ; sty le b se brown , min te , tr n te to r ; st pe ne r y king ; sty e — 1 a ﬁmbr i atc l a c 3 a . . form , mm . long , not ; sty e br n hes ; st men , the nther mm long

P M K e n TY E LOCALITY : alabar ( o i g ) . O D I S ' RI B U TI O N : i c the O ld W l i a l a l aba a ; a qu ; S u h g Trop s of or d ; Georg , F orid , A m M rtini e o t America . R I 1 7 4 . I tt D sc r l . : o b. e . 8: c . . LLUSTRATION p , f

1 l st l i il i if l i E ll F ld R d 0 B u b o s c at o a . . y ( ) erna , ho ora 1 9 8 3 .

S ci r u s i l at l u E 1 2 i i o i s ll . S 8: a 8 1 8 1 6 . c G . . . . : p f Bot . C S ci r us coarc tatu s E l C a 1 1 h a li a 8: G . 83 . 8 1 6 . au S u . l . . S . . : p Bot ( Be fort, o t C ro n ) I s ol e i s ci li ati l u s L Y 52 1 8 c . . . 3 : 3 . 3 6 . p fo i Torr . Ann . y N I s o le i s oar t c cta a L Y 3 2 8 6 . c . . 3 5 . 1 3 p Torr . Ann . y N : i m br i s t l ll t is ca i ari s r o t a u ll . lub 1 5 1 2 . 1 888 va . c arc a : 0 . F y p Britton , B Torrey C S te no h llu a r u 1 94 s c i lla i s coar tat s i l Clu b 2 1 3 0 . c u l . : 8 . p y p Br tton , B Torrey S teno h llu s ci li ati l u C u ll Club 2 22 9 o i s h . 4 : . 1 8 7 . p y f . Mo r , B Torrey S teno h llu o a t t i F E 89 1 9 . s c rc a u s S all l . S . . S . 1 . 03 p y Br tton ; m , U S ten h llu D 1 9 5 . a u s Car ter i ll l N Y 3 42 . i S a u l . . . . a . : 0 0 y Br tton ; m , B Bot G rd ( de Co nty , O ol n o cOa . ) S teno h llu i llar s u - l r t t H i ff h 1 8 924 s ca i . e ca i la i s b . c oarc a a . . c . 6 : 7 . 1 . p y p A p Pfe er , Bot Ar B u lbos t li s ca i llar i r ar t t M 1 1 s va . co c a a M acbr i l u s u bl : 5 . 1 93 1 . y p F . . F e d . P . Bot . B u lbos t li s coar tatu n 2 l h 0 9 1 93 8 . c s a a 4 : 3 . y Fer d, R odor

C a ua a u cu dm a s a l i espitose nn l with gl bro s lms . t ll ; he ths g isten ng brown am u i a ul u r i t l a illa ul " str ineo s , l ghtly sper o s , the apex p ominently ﬁmbr a e ; eaves c p ry, set ose

a i c u u i i on the m rgins ; nﬂores en ce u s ally a loos e compo nd umbel , but somet mes w th the a B t i l 2— l c a ta n a a ar ter i 6 . s a coar c a c S . C br n he ggreg ted ( . ) o r eve pit te ( ) sp ke ets mm ong , su acu a m e u sub lutinou s and u uall c b te d rk brown , pro inently keel d, freq ently g s y overed with i u c c ac u l u a a . short str gose p bes en e henes obt se y trigono s , n r rowly obov te mm long) , n l l 3 ~ l at a i u a il a a ofte s ight y obed the pex , the convex sides m n tely p p l te to smooth , with

u - a ﬁlif a a c a u s orm c . . bl ish gr y w xy overing when m t re ; tyle , very short ( mm below the l - a ﬁm ri u a l sty e br nches) , not b ate ; stamen s 2 or 3 , the anthers apic l te, mm . ong .

i n il i a : l u S . TYPE LOCALITY Grows damp so s . Two m es from Be fort [ : a i l a u h a i i i a L u i i a a b i DISTRIBUTION Wet s ndy p ne nds , so t e stern V rg n to o s n ; reported y Br tton

u ll . Clu b 43 44 i t he ll c i i s : 7 . 1 9 1 6 Sa a uba Br i t on bu t t c ( B Torrey ) from nt go , C ( o e t on ha b a i as B . ar en per ps etter tre ted ar a . I l . 1 1 6 . LLUSTRATION p , f .

1 1 B l s l i l f Fl bo t s il i L l k i n k . . u C y c ap ar s ( . ) ar e Hoo . . B i I d 2 1 6 6 . 89 . . : 5 3 r t . n

S ci r u s ca i llari s L p p . Sp . Pl . 49 . 1 7 53 . I sole i s i llar i s ca S . S . e . 2 1 . 1 8 1 7 . p p R y st V g : 1 8 . 8 S ci r u s br ach h llu 1 201 l a a s Li 1 2 Wi lld . ach sk 8 . 1 8 0 . ah rb . ew G . : 7 p yp y nk , J ( from Pennsy v ni ) I sole i b h h s r ac lla Schu l i n 4 824 . S . e a . 2 6 . 1 8: . S V . : p y p y tes R . y st g M nt S ci r u s -M uhlen ber i i 2 p g Spreng . Sy st . l : 207 . 1 8 5 . i mbris t li s ca i ll is M n 4 ar a a . 53 0 . 1 8 8 . F y p A . Gr y , I s o le i s r adi i 5 u i i a a c or a u n 3 1 8 . L S . C . 1 8 5 . p fl Ste d . y yp ( o s n ) S ten o h llu s i ll C 4 89 . ca ari s i u ll l ub 2 1 : 3 0 . 1 p y p Br tton , B . Torrey B u lb t l a h os i s ca i llari s var cr e bra al h a 40 : 3 9 5 . 1 93 8 . a c u s y p . Fern d , R odor ( M ss sett ) B u lb s t i i o l s ca i llari s var i s o o da al h a 40 : 3 9 5 . 1 93 8 . i a y p . p Fern d , R odor ( V rg ni ) i if m i A ua u ul l a u c fil orm d . nn l with fibro s roots ; c ms g bro s , densely esp tose , , h gh ; a s a a ca u a u h a cu uc a ac le ve c pill ry , s bro s on the m rgins , m c shorter th n the lms ; invol r l br t

l u uall c c c c u a uc uc very s ender , s y ex eeding the inflores ence ; inflores en e mbell te , often m h red ed , i - l 2— u acu cal a c a a 7 . sometimes be oming c pit te ; sp kelets ovoid ob ong , mm long, s b te ; s es d rk u fimbri ate i a i a 2 a brown , obt se , , w th strongly keeled , green midr b ; st men s , the nthers i u a . ac a a l a u ca a mm long ; henes obov te , mm . long , sh rp y ngled, tr n te , str m neo s to p le l - i u ac u u a u u c u c . brown , the s rf e nd te r gose ; t ber le min te, on c

i i i l t n TYPE LOCALITY : V rg n a ( C ay o ) . : Sa l ac : u h ai i a u h a and l a DISTRIBUTION ndy p es so t ern M ne to M nnesot , so t to Tex s F orid al O ali i a i c and i a th c J ohns ton so in regon , C forn , N ew Mex o , Ar zon ; nor ern M exi o ( very a i n C r re uba . 7 I s 1 9 1 0 l . 1 : l . 1 . 1 4 . a M an . . 7 . 1 8 6 . . 2 68 . . . M u . : p , LLUSTRATION S p , f ; A Gr y , ed f ; Rep N J

. 3 as S teno h li s i ll Ill . Fl . ca ace M n F P C li 1 3 9 i . ( p y a a . l . l . a . 1 50 . . , f p ) ; Jepson , f f ; Br tt Brown 2 1 1 3 1 9 . . 7 83 1 l . 5 0 . . . : b a 11 P i 1 2 6 . 63 h a 40 : PI ac f St. : 7 . 9 ed f ; A r ms , . . . f ; R odor p 546 N ORTH AMERICAN FLO RA [VOL UME 18

T s c M u s i s O . . . 1 2 B u lb o st l i s i u . C . . y h rta ( h nb ) Sven on , ontr H t ll 1 1 1 946 N l d l 4 : . Co . a . at . e Sa e

S u h i ca C eru h tu Ph to r . B1. 6 . 1 803 . y p s i r s Thu nb . y g ( o t Afr )

2 80 5 Gu m ea . u u lu hl E u . 2 7 6 . 1 . S ci rp s hi spi d s Va , n m : ( ) 4 u la 1 22 . 1 8 1 6 . I H S . s o le i s exi li s B . K . N O V . . 8: : p . Gen p ( Venez e )

2 1 8 1 . 98 . 7 m e . i bri s t li s exi li s S S . V : F y R . . y st g

m u E Pl 2 22 7 . 1 8 3 7 . Fi br i s ty li s hi s pi d la Ku nth , num . . : ba 8 1 1 8 7 1 . u Haba a 8 : . n al . ca . C . r u s h i o t W i h i Sauv . S ci p c i r g a C . r g t An A d i n ( C )

hi r ta S 1 8 1 . 8: . 7 26 . . . 23 1 9 6 . 1 9 mb t l t Kii k n h Re e rt S . : i h . Fi ri s y s i r a e t . p . p Nov Not F R

A ual - u c u u cul i c and l a a ua nn , strigose p bes ent thro gho t ; ms th ker ess wiry th n in other nn l ci —3 dm i a al l t cul c c u l a spe es, . h gh ; le ves h f the eng h of the ms ; inﬂores en e mbe l te , the l —9 c a a cal acu i ac 5 . spikelets sing e , mm long , on long , ere t or horizont l r y s ; s es te , hisp d ; henes 1 i u ca at a and i an u u o a mm . l . trigono s , ob v te , ong , mm w de , tr n te the pex w th obt se u a u ll - a u ac i u ula u c c c o ter ngle , d ll ye owish gr y , the s rf e prom nently nd te ; t ber le oni , borne on i l a c a l a and u uall c u u . s ght elev tion s y de id o s ; sty le very short , mm be ow the br n hes ;

a . st mens 3, the anthers mm . long

: S u th i ca . TYPE LOCALITY o Afr ' n i n n n u l DI STRIB UTION : Afri ca a d M adagascar ; occas o al i Cuba a d Venez e a . I 1 1 — 8 l Il l . 43 . 3 . l . . C l : a . C . LLU STRATION S p , f ; rke, y p p , f N Cl i n i -D F 2 02 1 898 hi c i i s th e con : a h l l . Ca . 7 : OTE rke T st eton y er , p ( ) wrote , T s spe es necti n li b i mbri s t li s an d B u lbos t li s i ts hai i s c i n B u lbos t li s g nk etween F y y ; ry stem ommon y , very ”

a i n mb t The u b cl i s u u all hi c i n the a a as B . s e tacea . r re Fi ri s y li s . t er e s y de s ent s me m nner in

- 1 l i ih V . k d . B u b o st l i s i N s L m.B . Sv . A 3 . y arenar a ( ee ) nd et a d 1 ] 1 . 900 9 . Han .

I le i s r so a enari a Li 2 4 u . 83 . u a a 9 : 9 1 . 1 p Nees , nn e Nomen n d m O n t l 1 cos i s ar enari a i n 42 il . a Fl as 2 : 8 7 . 1 8 . a y Nees M rt . . Br ( Br z )

Tu a ual u m ﬁlifo r a u a u u d . m fted nn ; c lms high , , gl bro s or r rely min tely strig lose ; l a al a l l u a e ves h f s long as the culms or shorter ; inﬂorescenc e u sua ly a simp e , freq ently spre d i n u i 2—6 acu cal acu cu a ac g mbel ; sp kelets mm . long, te ; s es brown , keeled , te to spid te ; henes

a a l u c a a a u . obov te , mm . long , tr nsverse y r gose , be oming d rk gr y when m t re

: E a a i l TYPE LOCALITY stern B r z . DI STRIBUTION : San dy pi nel ands : northeastern Sou th Ameri ca ; West Indi es ; sporadi cally i n Central Ameri ca ; Briti sh Hondu ras ( S chipp N hi i S i h B u ncoi des bu t h a OTE : T s spec es h as u ndu l ate achenes im lar to t ose of . j of somew t all i l . h abi i t bl B ca i llari s hi ch it i f i n the a a a sm er s ze In t resem es . p , from w d fers d rk gr y to ne r y blac ach T B ll i s B u nc oi des . i ar . he a i c li i hi ci i h c . ca k enes t xonom m ts of t s spe es w t respe t to p , j , an B l t d . ci i a i oli a are l f not c ear .

1 l B lb o st li s S ll E ll l k Kew B ul . 4 . u C y tenophy a ( . ) ar e , dd 2 1 8 6 . 908 . A . : . Ser

S ci r u s s teno h llu s E S 1 ll . . C p p y Bot . . 8: Ga. : 83 . 1 8 1 6 . D i chr oma i t s u m h D r ces o u l . esc 4 i p M . Gram . 1 . 1 8 1 7 . ( Georg a ) D i c hr om en e i tos S a ca s a . S . 1 2 2 . 2 5 p preng y st : 0 1 8 . S teno h llu s ces i tos u s R f 4 2 p y p a . N eog . . 1 8 5 . I le i s s te h so no lla L . Y . 3 3 53 1 83 6 . . . c . : p p y Torr Ann y N . S ten h llu h llu 4 o s s teno s i u ll lub 2 1 : 3 0 . 1 89 . p y p y Br tton , B . Torrey C

D l u a ual u a l a a ﬁlifo r — 2 u lca ense y t fted nn ; c lms c pi l ry to co rsely m , dm . high , s te ,

a u i l u a ca illa a u uall a u a gl bro s to h rtel o s ; le ves p ry , ch nneled , s y shorter th n the c lms , the she th

a u luci al c ce i al ca a 4—8 li a i str mineo s to d p e brown ; inﬂores en term n , pit te , the ne r sp kelets

uc c b 3 4 a a i a ac a l a l l m h ex eeded y or elong te , c p ll ry br ts ; s cales bro d y ov te , du l brown , strong y l a a ll u ac a i u i l c ca ac 1 . . kee ed , rist te , hirte o s ; henes sh rply tr gono s w th on ve f es , mm ong, mm a a u a i i u wide , d rk brown , the tr nsver se u nd l te l nes often he ghtened at mat rity by gr ayish

wax-li i u cl i - c c l l l ke depos ts ; t ber e redd sh brown , oni ; sty e s ender , mm . ong below the a c a 1 a br n hes ; st men , the nther mm . long .

“

: u au S . c . a l a TYPE LOCALITY Aro nd Be fort I ommon J mes I s nd . DI S TRI B U T I O N : Sa y i la : h Ca li a l i a i a del Ri o uba E kman I nd p ne nds Nort ro n to F or d ; P n r , C ( 1 6 7 6 OOO I l 1 1 1 : . . . LLU STRATION p , f 9 1 CYPE ACEAE 547 PART , 957 ] R

l i K u 1 B u b o st l s r i T C a k ew B . Add . W a e . . 5 . y ( orr ) l r e , ll Ser 8 2 1 0 : 6 . 9 8 .

I s le i s e 4 o r 1 8 6 . Wo i L Y 3 5 . c . . . : 3 3 p Torr . Ann . y N S teno h llu 94 s i ll Cl 2 1 1 8 . o ei u b 3 0 . W u . : p y r Br tton , B Torrey

i 1 - i la u 5 dm . a P al u u n 1 . erenni c lms relatively sto t , ofte mm w de , h gh , g bro s , stri te ;

a ca l ar ﬁliform a u uall uc a cul a le ves pi l y or , often ﬂ ttened , s y m h shorter th n the ms , the she ths

a u al l fim r iat a a c c al l str mineo s to p e brown , ightly b e t the pex ; inflores en e termin , the dense y capitate spikelet s s u rro u nded by pectin ate -fimbri ate bracts equaling or much ex ceeding the

l —1 ca a a s c a 6 0 . spike et ; spikelets ongested , ﬂ ttened, mm long ; s les ov te , brown , ppressed ,

l a u - uc a -cili a at a ac a l a u strong y nerved , c te to short m ron te , long te the pex ; henes ( r re y m t r

u u a l a a a . l ing) obt sely trigono s , bro d y obov te with n rrowed b se , mm ong , mm . wide , retu sel 3 - l at a li a u ula cu u l y obed the pex , g stening white , the tr nsverse nd tions obs re ; t ber c e ﬁlif u c c orm . a c a 3 a min te , oni ; sty le mm long below the br n hes) ; st mens , the nthers

mm . long .

P a a Ba W l i e N A r . : a . . Wa TY E LOCALITY T mp y , est F or d ( ) : D r a l i a n i DISTRIB UTION y s nd : F or d a d Georg a . I la Ill l — 45 . 4 7 : . C . . LLUSTRATION C rke , yp p , f

1 B lb o st li s n si ti l 6 . u I M F d e o ca . . s y ( John ton) erna , R d 2 1 8 . ho ora 40 : 39 . 93

teno h llu s nesi u S oti c s h i 4 922 . li . u bl . . 3 8 . 1 . . . a 7 : p y I M Jo nston , Un v C f P Bot

P a - — i a a c cu a cul 2 6 dm . c erenni l with thi kened lm b ses ; ms h gh , r ther o rse for the u a u a - u ca a a - a as gen s , gl bro s , stri te s l te ; le ves mm . wide , fl ttened , one third to h lf long as ul cu l u u i n u a fibrillose the c ms , the re rved b ades u s ally decid o u s mat r e specimens , the she ths at a and u l i u a c c a a the pex freq ent y over the ent re s rface of the she th ; inflores en e c pit te , ter

a la al if uc a ac l l 3—6 co l a min l ( or ter the invol r l br t is we l deve oped) , of mpressed , sessi e , ov te a c la 8—12 - ﬂow er ed cal ull u acu a lu i u ac l n eo te, spikelets ; s es d brown , s b te , somewh t g t no s ; henes l l i a l a a a a u a l a . ( pp rent y r re y m t ring) bro d y obov te mm . long , mm w de) , sh rp y u a a l u u c i a li l ai ro ec trigono s , deep gr y, tr nsverse y r gose ; t ber le hem spheric, on s ght y r sed p j l l 1 a c a 3 a acu a . . tion ; sty e mm . long below the br n hes ; st men s , the nthers min te , mm ong

A n th n W . o : San i c l a i lla i l a i c A . TYPE LOCALITY Bened to Is nd, Rev g gedo Is nds , Mex o ( y i DISTRIBUTION : Rev ll agi gedo Islands . N ti H l i a u c : babl l a B n esi o s l . la OTE Pro y re ted to ( ems ) C rke , known on y from mm t re spe i h lla a i la S u h i i a la o ff th e a ili a c a and B . s u ba mens from so ted o t Tr n d d Is nd [ B r z n o st] , to p y of e stern uba and Hi a i la C sp n o .

l mb . 1 B l s ﬂ s i b . k b o t l i s occo G r se C S . A 7 . u a y ( ) ar e , y nt 2 1 00 9 . : 86 .

S ci r u s oc osu s ri P 4 p ﬂ c G seb . Cat. l . Cu b . 2 1 . 1 8 6 6 . t h l S eno lu s i l n i h a la . W so i a 1 3 2 1 1 9 1 3 . a a : 5 . p y Br tton , Torrey ( B m Is nds ) B u lb t H i i li s hai t e n K R r 926 . a . os i si s ukenth e e t. . 23 : 1 99 . 1 y . p Sp ov . ( t ) N " B u lbos t li l K 929 . Wi soni ii kenth 22A . 1 s ba . . : 7 y . Ur n , Ark Bot

R u i a a ul - a cul a u i i c cu ob st perenn l with enl rged c m b ses ; ms gl bro s , r g d, ere t or re rved , i — ila cul u . a 1 3 dm . a mm in d meter , high ; le ves few or none , sim r to the ms in text re , — a ca a u a i c an u i l flo ccul ent u c i nflo res the she ths st neo s , the p es d often the yo ng sp ke ets p bes ent ; c c a a r a in l - la 1 - 3 a a a li a en e l ter l , o r te min l we l developed p nts , of ggreg ted, fl ttened, brown , ne r —2 — l —4 l ca a u l li l l 2 ca 3 . cm . 3 . y spikelets ong, mm wide ; s es mm ong , st neo s , kee ed , ght i - a cu i u h spid, often ciliate flo cco se at the margin ; mature achenes obov te , obs rely tr gono s ,

’ a l m i u cal a c ll ac . d rk brown to b k , mm long , s ooth ( the m n te , verti ly elong ted e s ca c u l u l a l cu l c s r ely disting ishab e) ; t ber cle b ack, ﬂ ttened ; style s ender , obs re y ompressed ,

. a . mm long ; st mens 3 , the anthers 3 mm . long

TYPE LOCALITY : E astern Cu ba ( Wri ght ha a l a a l la L l a u a DISTRIBUTION : Sandy beaches : eastern Cuba ; B a m Is nds ( C st e Is nd , itt e In g ) Sa D i Hai i nto om ngo ; t .

N B cu rass avi ca i n i ts a i l and ha S la ach . OTE : Probably close to . ﬂ ttened sp ke ets somew t imi r enes I : l . 1 . 1 8 . LLUSTRATION p , f 548 N RT A ERICAN RA OL UM E 18 O H M FLO [V ,

i s ni l i c Ku k n km U 1 B u lb o st l i s h a o a e th . 8 . y p E an ; rban , 22 ” 2 1 . A k B A : 6 . 9 9 r . ot .

- - if m dm P a ul o u c cul a ul fil or 3 . erenni l with b b s thi kened m b ses ; c ms rigid, , high ; i an a ua cu a a c a . d le ves flattened mm w de ) rigid , ne rly eq ling the lms ; she th pi es lightly — i m flocco se c c u lla 3 6 l a acu C . ; inflores en e mbe te , of strong y fl ttened, te , brown sp kelets l l 2 3 at a cua a ca u c u - o n ong, borne sing y o r or the ends of short , r te r ys ; s les d ll hestn t br w ,

- cu l ll u a u uc a ac a a . . obs re y hirte o s , c te to m ron te ; henes bro dly obov te , mm long, mm

i a i u i u a u ac a c ca ai l w de , str m neo s ( mmat re) , the ngles bl nt , the inner f e somewh t on ve , f nt y

a - u u l ll i - c o cu com tr nsverse nd late ; tuber c e sma , l ght brown , short onic ; sty le slender , bs rely

- l a a . . 2 . l l a c 3 pressed , mm ong be ow the sty e br n hes ; st mens , the nther s mm long “ : Hai i a i du Hi ch ad c ll il E kman TYPE LOCALITY t , M ss f Nord prope n e o es ster es (

H 61 74 ) . Hai i DISTRIB UTION : t .

N su ba h ll and ha l a a i a tha c . OTE : Very close to B . p y a per ps on y r d te extreme of t spe ies

1 B l s l i s s h ll l k m 2 1 00 . C b A . b o t u b a S . : 86 9 9 . u a . y p y ar e, y nt

teno h llu u h l u D r 2 S s s ba l s i u ll e . A a ai a Su l . 1 90 . p y p y B r tton , B . p g . J m c 5 ( pp . 1 7 B u lb l t li s a es tr i s ba mb 9 1 2 Sa D i . os S . 8 . 7 : 1 6 . 1 . y p Ur n , y Ant ( nto om ngo ) B u l t bos li s Tu e r khe mi m 2 . a D i 9 1 S . c i i ba S b . . 7 : 1 69 . 1 y Ur n , y Ant ( nto om ngo ) te no h llu H 0 9 2 i s r 0 . a a ca S ar i si i i a 2 : 83 . 1 p y B r tton , Torrey ( J m ) i B u lb s t u b h l u r 92 . S a li s s a la var l on i l mi Kuk n h Re e t. . 23 1 98 . 1 6 s e t . S . : y y . g g p p Nov ( err de O eOO e u b m , C a . p B u lbos t l u 2 i N i i s s ba h ll r i i d Ku kenth Re er S 23 1 99 . 1 9 6 . S a a va . r a . t. . . : y p y g p p Nov ( err de pe ,

ub a . ) C " B u lb t l u 2 H i be mb t Kuk n b 2A 1 9 9 a i . os i s s r e h U 2 . i a a t . a . . : 7 . y ﬁ ; r n , Ark Bot ( t )

C a a u u u - c cu - a cul la us 2—10 o rse perenni l , freq ently with b lbo s thi kened lm b ses ; ms g bro , dm i l a u l i a i i a cul . c c 1 . long , rig d , y indri to fl ttened , freq ent y mm w de ; le ves s m l r to the ms , the sheaths smooth to hirtellou s with a fimbriate to nearly glabro u s apex ; i nflorescence

i al an d ca i a 2—6 a a a a term n p t te , of shining, d rk brown , ﬂ ttened spikelets , sometimes ppe ring

a al . a l a luc al a and li u ca a l ter in pl nts with e ong te invo r br cts , often pro fero s ; s les d rk brown , la u li l ll u l u acu - - uc a ﬁmbr iate g bro s to ght y hirte o s, not strong y keeled , obt se to te short m ron te , a at a a u ac o a lu i u a to ne rly smooth the m rgin s ; m t r e henes ob v te , b ntly tr gono s , shining gr yish l a u u a u c brown , mm . long , mm . wide , with ight tr nsverse nd l tion ; t ber le prominent , i a l c n a . a c am s 3 hemispher , d rk brow ; style ﬂ ttened , mm long be ow the br n hes ; st en , the a l nthers mm . ong .

” il M te i m O i C Wri ht 1 53 3 i n : la on Verde d cta uba al . . TYPE LOCALITY Prope v m , C r ent ( g a h b p rt , er . Gray . ) E a C ba Sa D i a ai a : u c . DISTRIB UTION stern , nto om ngo , J m B u m ba h ll B l e t i u l a 2 d . : . s c N OTE p y a . a p s ri s ) i s the smallest extreme of the spec es ( c ms . l hi ch a i n i ts B m i t u l —1 0 H i si . s u be br a a c 8 a l a ha as B . arr i on g) , w ppe rs most e ong ted p se ﬁ ) ( ms m l d . i h l a u b li u i l i i B Tu e hei mn B . s a s . rck ong , w t rger, often pro fero s sp ke ets) . Intermed te a h lla r l i l u m n va . on i s a d B . u be mb i t u l li p y g g s ﬁ r a a) , also freq ent y pro ferou s . I 1 : l . . 20 . LLUSTRATION p , f

20 B u lb o st l i s ill s Ku ken h N t Re ert . . y pap o a . p . Sp . ov 1 2 9 6 .

P al u o u cul - a u 5- 1 0 dm a u l a erenni with b lb s m b ses ; c lms . long, gl bro s , ightly stri te , al a 2 mm u l filifo rm a a al as as gener ly infl ted ( . wide) , less freq ent y ; le ves third to h f long cul l c a l l -fimbr iat a a inflor s the ms , deep y h nne ed , the sheaths light brown , ong e t the pex ; e c c a l c ac a a i a l en e dense y ontr ted , compressed umbel , r rely becoming loosely r d te ; spike ets 7—12 i - - . lu c u acu ca a uc a mm long , d reddish brown , s b te s les ov te , short m ron te , strongly keeled, la u li l ll u ac l i g bro s to s ght y hirte o s ; hene ob ong, mm . long , mm . w de , str amineou s ul i - u Ou a e and a a e u ac to d l redd sh brown , with obt se , yellow ter ngl densely p pillos s rf e ; u c mm . ra c s a 3 t ber l e light brown , depressed ; style long below the b n he ; st mens , the a acu a l nthers min te , mm . ong .

: Si a i O i uba TYPE LOCALITY err de N pe , r ente , C . DISTRIBUTION : Cu b a ; Hai ti ; Santo D omingo ; J amai ca ; Mexi co ; Panama ; northern South O ca u h l a and a d Ameri , so t to Bo ivi Br . PART 9, 1957] CYPERACEAE 549

I L L U TRA TI O N l 1 21 l M u s i N a 1 4 S s : . . a C . t. 4 : 3 9 . p , f ; An . . Argent . N : D i i u i h B u nci ormi s b th e l a a i ll ach hi c cu l OTE st ng s ed from . j f y e ong te , p p ose enes, t kened ms , and i c c dense nﬂores en e .

2 1 B ulb o st l i s ill B i F ld R d . y ant ana ( r tton) erna , ho ora 1 938 .

S teno h llus t llanu i u ll lub 44 1 9 1 6 an i s B . 43 : 7 . . p y r tton , B Torrey C

D i l filif r l and flexuou s - l l u a o m cu 4 dm . ensely t fted perenn ; the ms firm , ong, g abrou s ; a filiform i la ul and - al — i as a h li le ves , s mi r to the c ms one h f to two th rds long ; she t s ght Ci a - flo cculent at a c c u lla a c ac a nn mon brown , the pex ; inflores en e mbe te , r ther omp t , the r y s c i l l ci l — c u . a c 5 6 . ( sometimes ompo nd) not ex eed ng cm ; spike ets sessi e , f s led , ob ong , mm cal a c la l acu ac r u i long ; s e s l n eo te, brown , kee ed , te hene t igono s , obovo d, mm . long, brown , u ac c i u al c i a a lla u cl all - i the s rf e overed with m n te, most e h n te p pi e ; t ber e sm , brown , short con c .

: a Sa a a D i i ca . E . L lo d TYPE LOCALITY Gr nd v nn , om n ( F y D r a a a a l call i n a i i u and D i i a DISTRIBUTION : y s ndy s v nn s o y M rt n q e om n c .

22 B u lb o st l i s u nciform i s Li dm i B h . . Sv . y j n . V - k d dl 1 1 . 0 . A . . et a Han 9 9 0 .

I s l i s u n m H E K 1 222 o e S . 1 8 1 . ci or is . . . . . 6 p j f Nov Gen p : . S ci r u s u n m L m E u l . 1 5 . 1 8 1 u nci mi ci or i s i i n a . c c . 5 0 S : 7 . . or s . 1 9 1 . p j f Po r . n y pp Not S j f Retz 7 S ci u s H u mb l 1 2 1 82 rp o dtii Spreng . Sy st . : 3 . 1 5 . 1 O n cos t li s u n m ' H u mb ldt ana i n Fl a 2 42 i or i s ar o i a . . 8 6 . 1 8 . c v . : y j f . y N ees M rt Br s B u lbos t li s u n i u u l K k n Re e r 2 i or mi s ar lax sc a ii e th . t. S 3 1 9 . 1 92 i a e l c . . : 8 6 . d y j f v . p p Nov ( P n r Ri o u ba , C . )

P a ul u - c cu a cul a l l a u filiform 2—4 erenni l with b bo s thi kened lm b ses ; ms rigid, ne r y g bro s , , i filifo r a u l l au u u h l dm . a a u m c c u all a h gh ; le ves gl bro s , rigid, , deeply h nneled, freq ent y g o s , s y f as l as cu the a ul ca a u a a ic l - fibrillo se ong the lms , she ths d l st neo s to d rk brown , the p es ong ;

l l a i a ul — l om c c a u a a 1 3 cm . a l dec inﬂores en e n r row y mbe l te , of c p t te glomer es on r ys ong , r re y u u l uc a ca i a c c i l la c la acu po nd, not infreq ent y red ed to single p t te inﬂores en e ; sp ke ets n eo te , te ,

a — u u ac u cal a c la acu ﬂ ttened, 4 6 mm . long, n mero s in e h glomer le ; s es l n eo te , te to short

- uc a ca a u u ac lu u a . m ron te , st neo s to d ll reddish brown ; hene b ntly trigono s , obov te , mm a u a at a u l a a luc long, mm . wide , somewh t tr nc te the pex , most freq ent y with tr ns ent , - u a ill u ac a u - a i u c a at shining, golden brown , s bp p ose s rf e , sometimes op q e str m neo s , often o ted a u a u - a a c u c a i la u a 3 m t rity with bl ish gr y w xy overing thro gh whi h the p p l e protr de ; st mens , a a u a the nthers c min te mm . long) .

TYPE LOCALITY : Northeastern Venez u ela : i n temp e rati s m ontani s prope Gu achari et vi llam ” ll H u m t Coco er ( bold ) . C L h h i D ISTRIBUTION : uba ; B riti sh Hondu ras ( u ndell Panama ; nort ern Sout Amer ca. I l 1 1 : . . 9 . LLUSTRATION p , f

i s i l m 2 B l st l u C k b A . b o s S . 3 . u y ve t ta ( K nth) ar e, y nt 1 900 .

I s ole ve 2 2 1 pis s ti ta Ku nth , E num . Pl . : 1 0 . 8 3 7 . 1 4 O nc t l e t n F a 2 8 8 . 1 8 2 l . . . os y i s v sti a Nees i M art . Br s : i O n cos t l m i n k S l k kr 2 240 . 1 85 1 . c . y i s hi spi da L i eb . V de s . e s . S . V . : ( Mex o )

S ci r u i u r u 2 4 1 8 6 6 C Wr i ht 3 3 83 i al Ca olbana u ba . Cat Pl . b . . 1 . . s h r t s i seb . C p G . ( g from P n es , j , C ) i u k i a a 3 6 53 1 8 7 0 r L . 7 . S c s ves ti tu i ch b BOc . : p s Re en . ; nn e

3 460 . 1 88 5 . Fi mb i l C . r s ti i s es ti ta H l i l . . . : v ems . B o entr Am Bot

S ten o h llu s e t tu i u ll lu b 43 446 . 1 9 1 6 . v s i s . : p y Br tton , B Torrey C O O O l ll a C a u m 2 89 . 1 900 . O as B lbos t li s L an sdor i ana la S b . . : y g ﬂ C rke, y Ant ( n y to Anti e n it tion , Si n teni s

P n a u ou - n a cul - a cu ﬁlifo rm i 1 ere ni l , sometimes with b lb sly e l rged m b ses ; lms , r gid, d - a i a an - u c a h m . u a c c high, strigose p bescent ; le ves p ll ry , h neled, strigose p bes ent , the she t s

a i u l -ﬁmbriate at a c c ca i a u l str m neo s to ight brown , long the pex ; inﬂores en e p t te or freq ent y l i — l ul ca u l lu u u a 3 6 . mbe l te w th spikelets ( mm long) in g omer es ; s les brown , freq ent y g tino s ,

i l u i a l i muc a ac b a i u . h rte lo s , w th ye low sh keel , p rominently ron te ; henes o ov te , tr gono s , mm l u unca a - a uc - i a ll ong, freq ently tr te, d rk semitr nsl ent brown , w th prominent y e ow stripe N RT A ERI CAN RA OL UM E 18 5 50 O H M FLO [V ,

a u a l at a u i i u a a c u a u bene th the bl nt ng es , often m t r ty with m n te p pill e proj e ting thro gh bl ish l b the u i a . gray waxy c overing ; t ber cle l ght brown , ﬂ ttened ; sty e short , mm long elow

a a acu a . . branches ; st mens 3 , the nthers min te , mm long

TYPE LOCALITY : Su ri n ame . O O O DISTRIBUTION : D ry rocks and sandy pinelands : Cuba ; Pu erto Rico ; H aiti ; Mexico ; British H ondu ras ; Sou th Ameri ca . — I Ill l . 45 . 8 1 0 . : l a . C . LLUSTRATION S C rke, yp p , f

k n l M i d V l Ku e th . s u s 2 B u lb o st li s u s O A . . 4 . y j n c o e ( ah ) ten , na i N M id I I 3 1 87 1 1 s . : . 93 . H t . at . ontev eo

h 2 805 . S c oenu s u ncoi des ahl E u . 2 : 1 1 . 1 j V , n m 8 i ? I s l e i ns u n E u . Pl . 2 2 1 1 . 1 3 . a l . o p s co ang i ea Ku nth , n m : 7 ( Br z ) F 21 42 l . a . : 8 7 . 1 8 . ? O ncos ty li s Ku n thi an a N ees i n M art . B r s

1 i c . n k kr 2 24 . 5 L i ebm ide sk . S el s S . . 0 1 8 . u hi r ta . V . : O ncos ty li s ten ifoli a var . V ( Mex o ) i L i m i n k e l sk kr 2 24 1 8 5 1 . c . n an a eb ; V de s . S . S . . : 0 . O ncos ty li s tenu i foli a var . V ( Mex o ) n u i n eu B k Li a 54 8 a 3 6 7 . 1 7 0 . ? S ci rpu s cons a g s OC . nn e : L a 3 8 8 8 4 i a i a : 3 7 . 1 7 . S ci rpus L oren tzi i BOCk . nn e ( Argent n ) i 1 90 . a r r Z ei s h r 5 2 5 8 . e . 7 B u lbos t li s ar n ti na alla O e ste . t c . 7 : y g P , Bot ( Argent n )

22 4 59 . 1 88 7 . u u . l a ca . W . c . . : Fi m bri s ty lis ci li ati fo i a Britton S . ts Pro Am A d Nomen n d m 2 l 1 888 . u a a a r l i u ll Cl b 1 5 0 . i os a . u : 1 i mbri s t li s ca i llari s va . F y p p Br tton , B Torrey ( G tem ) i a i a i B u lbos t li s endleri l a u ll . . Se r . 8 : 2 7 . 1 908 . c c y F C rke , Kew B Add ( As to Mex n t t ons , not

as to type from Venez u ela . ) C m 2 9 9 i i 8 . 1 00 . ca c so B u lbos t li s L an s dor i ana l a S b . . : y g ﬁ rke, y Ant ( As to Mex n spe mens deter

n h . mi ned by Cl arke i erb . Kew ) S m 2 I e h r tell B u lbos t li s hi r tella u la U ba b . . : 1 66 . 1 900 . N sol i s i a y sens C rke ; r n , y Ant ot p

h hu l 1 824 . Sc a . Sc r d ; tes ,

Se r 8 1 1 0 . 1 90 C u ll . Bu lbos t li s cons an u i nea l a . . : 8 . ? y g rke , Kew B Add K k n h l M Hi N ' i . 3 es r L o entzi ii e t . O a . us . . at. B u lbos t li s u ncoi d va . r i y j 6 ; sten , An st Montev deo II i 1 93 1 . a 1 87 . ( Argent n ) ' k n h l M H N i at. i . 3 des r m li e s Ku e t O a . u s . B u lbos t li s uncoi va . a c . y j y p p sten , An st Montev deo II i 88 1 93 1 . a 1 . ( Argent n )

P a a l a ua at i a a c fre erenni l ( r re y nn l the northern l mit of the r nge) with h rd, thi kened, u l - u u a nd a u ul 1 - i filifo rm u ca q ent y semi b lbo s b se a co rse roots ; c lms d l green , 3 dm . h gh , , s l te , u il a lla u l lauc u la u u ua - gl abro s to p ose leaves c pi ry, freq ent y g o s , g bro s to pilose , s lly one third the l cul s a c a a fimbri ate at a i c c ength of the m ; she ths inn mon to d rk brown , the pex ; nflores en e l an a i a ut u m li c n i n the typical p ant congested d not r d te , b more freq ently ( var . a p eps ) a —2 a l i la c - a — m u a . 3 6 m . mbel with r ys cm long, be ring sing e sp kelets ; spikelets n e ov te , l su acu ca n a a i i u acu u u u ong, b te ; s les brow with p ler m dr b , obt se to te , freq ently gl tino s , i u l a l a us u a a . a u a gl bro to hirtello s ; chenes tr gono s , bro d y obov te , mm ong , with tr nc te a a a a u i i u u u ac c a a pex , d rk gr y when m t re , w th m n te , bl nt s rf e proj e tions in tr nsverse w vy li u c u - c i c a s nes ; t ber le sessile , ro nded on , d rk brown ; tyle short, mm . long below the

a c a a . . br n hes ; st mens 3 , the nther s mm long

: i u u a . TYPE LOCALITY Montev deo , Ur g y

: Chi sos . a erri s (9 D u ncan 2 95 6 hi i cahu a and H ua hu c M s c a t . D ISTRIBUTION Mts Tex s ( F ) C r , i a u h h u h the u l a i c u a ala Tu r ckhei m Sa D i Ar zon , so t t ro g p nds of Mex o ; G tem ( nto om ngo J i men ez 81 83 li i a u u a and i a ci all i n th e l ( , ) Bo v to Ur g y Argent n , espe y ower Andes . 1 M H A 9 al . u s . i N L U TR TI O N l . . a I L S s : p , ; . t. i . 3 : l . 3 4 3 5 D c l f An st Montev deo II p , ; es o e, 1 1 3 l . 1 C 1 1 3 al M u S . la . . 4 : . s . i 8: . C . N at. 1 4 Gen . p P nt Argent p , , ; An Argent 4 : 3 4 . N : The l t i cal N O rth i ca c ll c i i s P ur us 423 4 u bl a i c OTE on y yp Amer n o e t on seen p from P e , Mex o , O S b l var m i e h c h . a l c s t e pe imens ot erwise e onging to p p .

M B R ST L S l 7 . F I I Y I V um 2 2 1 : 85 . 80 ah , En . 5 .

A ua i a cu a . S u a ca a nn l or perenn l , with lms le fy below pikelets mbell te or pit te , terete , a a -ﬂowered u a e s a luc c sever l to m ny , s btended by mor or les le fy invo re ; s ales concave , all ca a ua l ci u u all il P - . a n S a 1 spir y imbri ted , gr d l y de d o s , fert e eri nth one . t mens 3 . Sty le — - 2 3 cl u l c u c a u eft , freq ent y ompressed , p bes ent or gl bro s, u sually having an enlarged base

- ci u u the l . Ac l cula 3 a cu a e ua de d o s with sty e hene enti r or ngled , reti l t with q drangular to i ll i l a ca l a ll . A u c a ca ci hor zont y ( never vert ly) e ong te ce s gen s hieﬂy of widespre d tropi l spe es . T c Fimbris t lis di cho toma L V l ype spe ies , y ( . ) ah .

Se . 1 : D i ch el os li s B i t . n B 8: H n P . . Ge 3 1 9 . : 0 . 1883 ct y enth enth ook l . 4 . Style a c 2 ac cula l c l a ch br n hes ; henes lenti r ; sty e ommon y fringed below the br n e s.

552 NORTH AMERICAN FLO RA [VOL UME 1 8

Scales shi ny Scales pubescent

S ci rpu s spadi ceus S ci rpu s caroli ni anu s u beru la F . cy li ndri ca F . p S ci rpus domi ngensi s s e w a F . p c s Spikel ets short u ber u la eu c l . c a F . castanea F p f . y Leaves broad and ﬂ at H ar eri F . i nagu ensi s F . p

F f i L V l E um 2 2 1 1 80 2 im i s li s u . . : 9 . 5 . . br ty err g ne a ( ) ah , n

5 1 7 3 . u u i ne u L S PI. 50 . S ci rp s ferr g s . p . O O ﬁ hl E 2 2 2 S de bi li s 4 1 N . de a u . 9 E 1 1 1 . 1 79 V u . S ci rp s de bi li s L am . Tab . n cyc : , , n m : ot

u h 1 8 1 4 . P rs , 4 L m E c c . 6 7 6 . 1 0 . i e s i i i n a . : 3 8 a S ci rpu s bonar i n s Po r . n y ( Argent n ) 4 i n L am E c c . 6 : 7 80 . 1 8 0 . ai i . a ca S ci rpu s ferr u gi neu s B Po r . n y ( J m ) h Ch a Li a a 27 83 1 8: . 6 : . 1 . I s olepi s fer ru gi ne a Schl ec t . m nn e 4 n C . 1 1 . 1 8 5 5 u a al S . . a Fi mbri s ty li s s u blater ali s Steu d . y y p ( G tem ) m t Kuk nth Re ert S 2 3 9 2 C co ac a e . . . . : 1 6 . 1 9 6 . uba Fi mbri s ty li s ferru gi nea var . p p p Nov ( )

P filifo r 2 i al cu c u m . c a a u erenni ; lms l ster ed , to mm wide w th thi kened b ses ; le ves m ch a ul u l lac a a u u a shorter th n the c m , freq ent y king , the she ths p le brown to ferr gineo s ; r ys of the — l lu i l — l 2 cm . a c ac c l 1 umbel u sual y short ong) , forming omp t ster ; sp ke ets common y 5 0, - l —2 l u li a l li a 8 0 . ca a ac u c u a r re y so t ry , ovoid ob ong, mm long ; s es ov te , te or s ghtly m ron l te , - ll u u a a ac a cu a u u . chestn t brown , d , p ber lent tow rd the pex ; henes obov te , lenti l r , mm long , i a i cula ull a u a at the a u ac i l cu a sl ghtly p te , d y ellow, op q e , n rrowed b se , the s rf e l ght y reti l te u a i c c ll a a i i a e i n with min te isodi metr e s , the b se with brown st pe j o nted bov the nsertio of a l bifid a and fimbr i ate ca c la at a the fil ments ; sty e , fl ttened prominently , s r ely en rged the b se , a 3 a —1 5 l the br anches very short ; st mens , the nthers mm . ong . “ mai ae al u i m ri im TYPE LOCALITY : In Ja c p d bu s a t i s . : uba aha a la and u h a i n the i Yu ca a i cal DISTRIBUTION C , B m Is nds , so t w rd West Ind es ; t n ; trop

Sou th Ameri ca ; tropi c s of th e O ld World . 4 S Hi m 1 . l a . a . l . 2 M I R l . : 77 . i l u s u bl 2 : 1 1 5 LLUST ATION S p , f ; o ne , st J p , f ; F e d . P . Bot . ; l 2 1 3 : 80 la Ill . C . . 4 . 9 0 . ; C rke , yp p , f , N l i llu a i see I ndex londi nensi s OTE : For O ld Wor d str t ons .

i l i i m L l im s s d . V 1 F um 2 2 . 3 . . : 87 80 . br ty choto a ( ) ah , En 5

mu PI 5 S ci rpus di choto s L . Sp . . 0 . 1 7 53 . 2 u nnu Fl . . 2 7 1 85 al . ci r s a us A ll . 7 S p Ped : 7 . . ( It y ) 1 9 i ci r us di h llu s O bs . 5 : 1 5 . 7 8 . a S p p y Retz . ( Ind . ) m hl E u 2 i mbr t li s s erratu lu a . 2 : 8 5 1 805 u i s . . S h i ca . F y V , n m ( o t Amer ) m i m h E u 2 28 S i bri s t li s h r tellu a l . : 6 . 1 805 u i h ca . F y V , n m . ( o t Amer ) m b l l u u m hl E u 2 288 i ri s t i s a c a . . 1 8 5 . i a : 0 . F y g V , n m ( Ind ) m i mbr s t li s t m en tos u ahl E u . 2 2 9 i o : 0 . 1 80 5 . i a . F y V , n m ( Ind ) m m E 2 2 2 i bri s t li s l axu ahl u . 9 . 8 : 1 05 . S u h i ca F y V , n m ( o t Amer . )

u u l tu E . B 1 r s s ca s ll . ot. S . a N 8: G . : 86 . 1 8 1 6 Sa a ah i S ci . . a S . p C [ v nn , Georg ot s u lc tu i - h u a 1 a s 8 1 1 . Pet t T o rs, im i l u S S 2 9 5 1 br s t i s ann a . 8: . . : . 1 8 7 F y R y st . 3 u u e e n i r Ge ach sk 1 8 2 S ci r s b sc s L ah b . w . : 0. 1 8 0 . Wi lldenow 1 2 p p nk, J ( 69 ; l apsu s calami for

S ci rpus palles cens . ) S i r u s ni ti du lus L h r e a h k c i a b . G w c s 1 1 82 Wi llden 1 2 i p , . 8 . 0 . [ ow 73 S u h ca nk J , o t Amer

8 S ci r u s u s ces cens Li h r a h k a b . Gew c s . 1 8 1 2 l 1 8 0 . Wi lden w 1 2 p f nk, J : . [ o 70 from the O ri noco

S ci r u B aldu i n nu i n S S s i a s chu l . 8: S . e a 2 2 . V . . 8 5 . 1 8 4 p tes R y st g M nt : . 2 S ci r u s E lli o tt 2 2 p i i Spreng . Sy st . 4 : 8 . 1 8 7 . m b H nk i ri s t li s H u mb t i l Re l . ld i ae . l 1 9 1 82 o : 0. 8 . F y Pres , i mb i t li ° e u l Rel H enk 1 r s s v rr cos a 90 . 1 82 . a . : 1 8 . F y Pres , mb s t l d L 44 i ri i s B al wi ni ana . Y . c . . . 3 : 3 . 1 8 F y Torr Ann y N 3 6 . S ci r us de au er atu s uhl u h E u n Pl . 2 23 3 a p p p M . ; K nt , n m . : , s sy . 1 83 7 . ( Wi lldenow 1 222 from l a i a Pennsy v n . ) i mb i s t li s bri zoi des 8: i n F 1 r a . l . a 4 42 . 2 . 1 F y Nees Mey en ; Nees M rt Br s : 7 8 . mb t s u bl te li s n a a S . C . 1 1 4 1 8 ? i ri s li s r S u . 5 5 d es r . c . u a F y te d y yp , e ( G temala ) i mbr i s t li s o l mor h B k Li 3 4 F y p y p a Oc . nn aea 7 : 1 . 1 8 7 1 .

i m bri s t li s di h lla var . lu ri s tr i ata Cla i n H Fl i . . . . . 6 : 6 3 7 . 1 8 3 . i a F y p y p rke ook f Br t Ind 9 ( Ind . ) i mb i t li l m n r s s a a osa a al . a 3 4 c . c . 6 : 9 1 . 1 9 i 0 1 . c F y Fern d , Pro Am A d ( Mex o . ) mb i s t li s H lw an l i r o a a a c . ca . 6 492 1 90 1 . 3 : . . i F y y Fern d , Pro Am A d ( Mex co . ) mbr i s t l i i . lub 1 i i s o hi t cola 6 : 6 0 . 92 m 1 0 . Ca a u a F y p Br tton , Mem Torrey C ( g y , Cuba . ) CY PE ACEAE 5 53 PART 9, 1957] R

n 1 92 h l Ku ke th Re r . S 23 1 9 6 . 6 . m n u var di l a . e t . . : Fi bri s ty lis a n a . p y p p Nov

i k 9 26 . K i enth Re e rt. . 23 1 6 . 1 9 m t li s nnu bri zoi des . S . : Fi br i s y a a f . p p Nov 2 h R r . 1 9 6 . n S . . 23 : 1 9 6 m b s t li s nnu a tomen tos a Kiike t . e e t. Fi ri y a f . p p Nov 2 ba R r 2 3 1 96 . 1 9 6 . u u n Kukenth e e t. S . . C oblo a . : Fi mbr i s ty li s ann a f . g p p Nov ( ) l i a i mbr i s t li s dar li n toni ana ll a i a 1 5 : 3 0 . 1 93 3 . a F y g Penne , B rton ( Pennsy v n )

1 1 9 8 . h m n u h i u a . 5 7 7 . 3 m t . a n a . 4 : Fi bri s ty li s di c o o a f . O w , Jo r J p Bot

1 7 8 . 1 9 8 . h m t s h i u a . . 4 : 5 3 i mbri s t li s di c o toma . to en o a O . F y f w , Jo r J p Bot 1 2 M i N at. 3 8 . 1 94 m t a al u s . C . 4 : 5 . mb s t l s i h ll var to en osa . . i i i d a . F r y p y B rros , An Argent li A u la u u c l dm . a a nnual or perennial ; c lms g bro s to p bes ent , s ender , high ; le ves ne r ,

fl t 1— i u l cu a at a lauc u u c a 3 . , mm w de , freq ent y denti l te the pex , often g o s or p bes ent , shorter a u lu c al l a 2—4 a u i c u l th n the c lms , the invo r e ves , not elong te ; mbel s mple or ompo nd , oose , i u —1 l cal a acu i ac 5 0 . with slender r ays ; sp kelets oblong to ovo d , te , mm ong ; s es ov te , te ; f a l n i a u ac a cu a . a u hene obov t e, lenti l r , mm long, white to p le b f ( r re y brow ) , w th bo t ten rows of horizontally elongated c ells on each face and abo ut ten longit u dinal ribs formed by u uc i a i the cell margins , the su rface also freq ently verr ose ; sty le prom nently fl ttened w th l a a bifid fimbriate u ca and i a slight y enl rged b se , , below the bif r tion somet mes to the b se ; a 2 u l 1 st mens , or freq ent y .

i a TYPE LOCALITY : Ind . DI STRIB UTION : Pennsy lvani a to Florida and Texas ; north i n the ﬂ at country to I llinois and i n M ssou ri ; tropi cal and wa rm regions of the O ld a d N ew Worlds . i M u u bl 3 as I R l . : l . 1 . 1 A ll . Fl . . l . 88 . 5 ; s . . : 8 1 . LLUST ATION S p , f ; Ped p , f F e d P Bot ( F l x I — I 1 2 1 8 a a a ll . Fl . . 2 . 3 . . 7 7 . Cla ll C l 2 1 i . ) ; . y . . 4 . 4 8: , : ; y , rke , p p , f ; Br tt Brown ed f A Gr M an M i N 2 B ldwi ni ana al u s . C . at. . . h a . . 1 87 . . 71 a 3 l . 3 89 as . ed 7 . f ; R odor 7 : p ( F ) ; An Argent 1 2 4 : 3 7 . N OTE : Thi s i s one of the most widely di stribu ted pl ants i n th e world ; Cl arke estimates at “ l a 400 The i ab l a i a il W l l a h e st sy nonyms . sy nonymy g ven ove re tes pr m r y to New or d p nts ; for t ose the O ld W l se e C n H i 6 3 6 u h a i i see l . 6 a i . . Fl . . : of or d , rke ook f Br t Ind For f rt er v r et es 7 h h i i u l i al i n he i c . a 1 The c s t . C erm Arc . Bot . [ C en ] 4 : 3 spe es freq ent y perenn trop s

i i i n V l E 2 2 1 m s l s h o o id e um 86 . 80 . 4 . F s c e s . : 5 br ty ah , n

S ci r u s scho en de 4 i s . b 1 89 o s 5 : 1 . 7 . p Retz O . i mbr i s t l s n ﬁ i i i cons tans u S n C 1 1 8 5 de la . ca S . . . 07 . 5 F y te d y yp , C rke ( Amer )

P al u a u m a - la lu a ua erenni ; c lms gl bro s , to 4 d . high ; le f b des invo te , tten te from the l ila i i l li a an i s ightly d ted bases ; br acts of the invol ucre in consp cu ou s ; sp ke ets so t ry d sess le , 1 2 —1 l l a l a a a u cl 5 2 . ca o r with or ddition l ped n ed spikelets , ovoid, mm ong ; s es bro d y ov te cu la 3 a u a u c a a - la u orbi r , mm . long, str mineo s to d rk brown , m ron te , m ny nerved , g bro s ; ac a i cu a 1 i a i u u c ula henes obov te , lent l r , mm . long , mm . w de , str m neo s to brown , p n t te i u a al a c c i i a at a l a ret c l te with sm l isodi metri ells , prominently st p t te the b se ; sty e moder tely

- u at a a ﬁmbriate at and 2 a c a 3 . b lbiform the b se , ﬂ ttened, below the style br n hes st mens

i a TYPE LOCALITY : Ind . : l i a u h u li a DISTRIB UTION F or d ; so t eastern Asi a ; A stra . I L L U TRA TI O N S s : pl . 1 . 7 S all M an . SE . F1. 1 56 . , f ; m , N : O ld l i a i n i a see la i n OTE An Wor d spec es sp r ngly introduced i Amer c . For sy nonymy C rke H F i . . l . 6 4 ook f Br t . Ind . : 63

im i l i 2 2 1 5 . F V 805 . s s s u s l um : 89 . br ty q arro a ah , En .

I s ole i s hi r ta H K E . . . N S la . . 8: . 1 : 224 . 1 8 1 6 . a ua u . p ov Gen p ( Ar g , Venez e ) i mbri s t li hi r ta S S e . 8: . . V . 2 1 8 1 7 . F y s R y st g : 99 . P o o t l nos i s s u ar r osu Be rtol . Fl 4 s l l 3 1 83 . . a : 1 3 . g y q It . imbri st li s c omata i n i h i 2 4 1 83 . a 1 0 . F y Nees W g t, Contr . Bot . Ind

A ua cu a 2—4 u la u a a al a dm . c nn l ; lms stri te , high , p bes ent or g bro s ; le ves b s , very n rrow , ﬂat u uall u c a a , s y p bes ent , shorter th n the culms ; bracts of the inﬂores cence shorter th n or

— - ua a c c u a 1 6 u ual a 2 3 cm . eq ling the r ys ; inﬂores en e mbell te , with neq , slender r y s long ; i l l a - ﬂowered u ua a i ca a c al l sp ke ets ob ong , m ny , s lly solitary on the div r te r y s , the entr spike et

i cal a l uc a i cu i i c al sess le ; s es ov te , brown , strong y m ron te w th re rved t ps , h spid , espe i ly on the i m i ac l cu a li u a l green sh drib ; hene enti l r , g stening brown when mat r e , obo v te , mm . ong ,

. c a al i cu la i a a . mm wide , often with o rse horizont ret t on ; style somewh t ﬂ ttened , mm l ﬁmbriate at u c 2 - a c ul u a i ong , the j n tion of the short style br n hes , the b bo s b se fr nged by long, cu a a l t 1 l ac a a . . re rved h irs ne rly the eng h of the hene ; st men , the nther mm ong

“ ” : S u h i ca P ll L ﬂi n D r O a . c c . oe . . TYPE LOCALITY o t Amer ) , e o e t Amer g ded rteg : u ba C . Wri h t s . a i DISTRIBUTION C ( g Sou th Ameri c ; Ind a . I : la Ill — 2 1 5 . . C . l . 41 8 1 al M u s i N at. 4 : 3 0 . C . LLUSTRATION S C rke, yp p , f . ; An . . Argent 5 54 N ORTH AMERI CAN FLO RA [VOL UME 18

Fim i s l i V hl i i L m Li k B l 1 2 2 6 s a a . . 1 : 87 . 8 7 . . br ty ( ) n , Hort ero .

S ci r us ahl L m Ta E l p V n a . b . n cy c . : 1 39 . 1 7 9 1 . I so le h H S 1 22 i s a li i B K . 8: . : 1 . 1 8 1 6 . V . . p . Nov . Gen p i mbr t li e t L 4 N 3 5 . 1 8 6 . l a D rummond . i s s c on s a . c . . Y 3 : 3 O F y g Torr . Ann y N . ( ew r e ns , ) mb t n i ri s li s i nc en t u . 1 09 . 1 8 5 5 . as V S . C F y ii Ste d . y y p ( Tex ) i r u u c 1 0 8 1 8 4 li i a B olande . S s a s . ca . C a c . . : 7 . 7 . a r p p A Gr y , Pro Am A d ( forn , ) m 4 1 880 i br i s t li s u s C li 2 22 . F y ap S W ats . Bot . a f . : . i mb i s t l e u H E i r i s r s i lla a S ll Fl . S . S . 1 88 . 1 903 . a F y p p rper ; ma , . U ( Georg )

C i a ua i ill —1 u il ca a cu 1 5 cm . esp to se nn l w th p ry lms high , or with spikelets freq ently sess e at a l a filiform u c a a a a l ual the b se ; e ves , ro gh , h nneled o r somewh t fl ttened, ne r y eq ing the cul i u c a ac filifor uc c a i a u 3—8 ms ; nvol r l br ts m, m h ex eeding the c p t te cl ster s of spikelets ;

l l - li i — mm l a - ﬂo r cal l -la c a c c u 4 8 . we ed spike ets ob ong y ndr , obt se , ong, m ny ; s es ob ong n eol te ,

acu a l i ac o a . min te , green to du l brown , w th prominent midrib ; hene ob v te , mm long , a in u a l uc i l cu a all a c ll l str m eo s , tr ns ent , p rom nent y reti l te with horizont y elong ted e s ; sty e very l l ﬁmbriate l u ca ulbou at a am s ender , mm . ong , not be ow the short bif r tion , b s the b se ; st en 1 a , the nther mm . long .

“ ” H bi t t i n i m e l e Hi h E 2 : a a ca ri di ona i n c i n a i a a l u . : TYPE LOCALITY Amer , sp n ( V , n m : i i l chi i ba : h Ca li a l i a a DISTRIBUTION In mo st so , eﬂy r ver nks Nort ro n to F or d , west to Tex s and i u i ali i a i ca a u a ri ht S u h i ca M sso r ; C forn ; N r g ( C . W g ) ; o t Amer . I A l I 2 Il 1 C l . 6 i ll F1 2 1 1 . . 88 la . C : . . 8: . . . . : 3 7 LLUSTR TION S p , f ; Br tt . Brown , ed f ; rke , yp l 42 1 1 —1 . 3 I n P . M a Fl l . ali . 1 5 0 . p , b a ll . Fl . Paci f . St. 1 : 2 6 7 . . 640 . . f ; A r ms , f ; Jepson , C f f 1 40 al M u . i N a 1 s . C . t. 4 : 3 3 3 . ; An Argent .

N : . er us i lla was ba a i a u a i al i h ab a l l a OTE F p p sed on very dw rf , mm t re m ter , w t err nt y e ong te Ch n s c l h i i b ose H a er 1 1 8 E u a l aba a . b l h c e to t ose of rp from t w, A m I e eve t ese spe mens to O O O ?O eeOO O a i t.

im i s li s 2 1 l 2 18 . 7 . s R F N 4 . P . . br ty pathac e a oth, ov . Sp

S ci r us l m tu o er a s Obs i N l m L 5 . S . o e atus . 1 7 3 . . 4 1 1 . 1 786 a . r p g Retz : . ( Ind ) ot g ? S ci r u s o btu si u li s L am . T E 4 o b . c c . 1 1 1 1 9 i a a 7 1 . . p f n y : . ( Ind ) S ci r u s o btus i oli u s h l E u 2 a 5 . 1 8 . 2 7 05 . p f V , n m ? I so l e i s obtu si o li a Beau v Fl O ware 2 8 1 2 . . 8 1 . p f : 3 . i m bri s t li s o btu s i o li a u h E u Pl 2 24 1 8 : 0 . 3 7 . F y f K nt , n m . . S ci r u s bt i li u u L am . 1 9 1 o us o G ri seb . PI. i 8 4 babl o btusi oli s 7 . s 5 7 1 . 1 6 . S . p f Br t . W . Ind . Pro y not f i mbri s t li s Si n te B i i s ii d k h r 2 u c . n c . a b . 7 6 . 1 886 . F y . Bot J 7 : ( P erto R o ) ' F i mbr i s t li s l m l mer ata o er ata ba m 9 a i l . . o 2 1 6 6 . 1 00. S b . . : y g Ur n , y Ant ( Br z ) Not F g N ees , 1 OO 4 3 . i mbri s t li s melan s i l a 49 1 . 1 90 . c . o ora a c . . c . 3 6 : F y p Fern d, Pro Am A d 1 ( Mex o )

P a ul u f 1 d a c u 1 . 4 m . erenni l ; ms t fted, stif , erect , s bterete , mm wide , high ; le ves

ﬂat u l — u a lu c a cu ca 1 . , m h shorter th n the m , con ve , 3 mm wide , green to d ll brown , the pex b nt

u c a l u c u ual a all c u u l i l to m ron te ; invo re s ly shorter th n the sm , dense , ompo nd mbe ; sp ke ets l — — l li m ca a a . c c 3 6 m. e lipsoid to short y ndri , long ; s les ov te , light to d rk brown , mm ong , l a l i i ul a . bro d y kee ed w th a ﬂattened hyaline margin ; achene s lent c ar , obov te , mm long,

ll c i u li - lac at a u i u u a u cu a y e ow , be om ng p rp sh b k m t r ty , the r gose s rf ce min tely reti l te ; sty le

l u l n t l ﬁ briate a s 1 or . ca ca c a a d a a l m mm long be ow the bif r tion , s r e y ﬂ ttened not ; st men 2 a , the nthers mm . long . i TYPE LOCALITY : Ind a. D ISTRIB UTION : Moi st or wet soil at low elevations : West Indi es ; Mexi co ; Central Ameri ca ; S u h i ca O ld W l i c o t Amer ; or d trop s . IL L U TRA TI N l P r 81 1 . 5 Beau v l . O wa e l . . S O s : . . p , f ; p O

H Fl . 0 1: F r u h the O ld W l la la i n . . . . f rt er sy nonymy of or d p nts , see C rke ook f Brit Ind 6 6 20 11893 e

2 : ri h ec . 188 . S T c el o li i P 3 9. s s B B H G . : 104 3 S t ty enth . in enth . 8: ook . er . l ty le a 3 br nches ; achenes trigonou s ; sty le not fringed below the bran ches .

S i l li a li - l p ke ets ne r to near Ob ong . l c i u u u tu m li s Cu . l a a h mm l a lu c . 8 . a na c c . . ms not onsp o s y ﬂ ttened ; enes ong, tr ns ent F lm i m Cu c cu u l a . lanata. h l a u . 9 . co ac . s onsp o s y ﬂ ttened ; enes mm ong, op q e F p S i l l b u b l m l e 1 . . i i ac a . p ke ets g o ose or s g obose . 0 F

8 im i s l i l i 1 1 . s 8 . F u u m s L R s 2 7 . 8: . . : 9 7 br ty a t na ( . ) . S Sy t

S ci r u s au tu m nali s L a i p . M nt . 1 80 . 1 7 7 1 . ( Vi rg ni a ) S ci r us m u cr o nu l tu - i i a i chx . Fl . Am 1 3 1 1 8 03 . a l a u a . s : . p M Bor . . ( C ro n mo nt ns ) O

i r us M i haux n P 1 8 1 8 5 a i i r us mu cronu latus ch . c c S . l . : 6 . 0 . S c S p i i Pers . y ( Ren m ng of p Mi x ) T 19 PAR 9, 57] CYPERACEAE 5 55

Tri helos t l m na t i c is e i a L a 29 1 u u Li l . a 9 : 0 . 834 i n y g Nees , nn e ( nomen n d m) ; nd Nees ; Nees F 1 42 a . 2 9 . 1 8 . M art . l . Br s : 7 Tr h i c elos t li s m u r onu l tu s . . L . Y 3 : 3 5 5 1 83 6 . y c a Torr Ann yc . N . . i m 8 5 hi b i t li s F nk S n . 1 . O C 1 1 1 5 . . F r s y ra i i Steu d . y . y p ( o ) ? m S n a i P h 5 5 . l o l . i bri s t li s mi cr os tach a S u . . C . 1 1 3 . 1 8 F y y te d y y p ( Br z , ) i m t u m B k i a a 3 : 3 9 . 1 8 7 1 . F bri s y li s a tu nali s B graci li s Oc . L nn e 7

Tr h l F 4 . lli i I . W l l . t l . . 1 8 7 1 . 3 6 . 1 87 1 o i c e os i s bo eali s W . y r ood , Bot ed ( I no s , f )

i m t al h 1 1 1 8 1 9 9 . ai . l r brac h ac i s a : 0 . 0 b i s t i s F ranki i va . F r y y Fern d , R odor ( M ne ) m 2 9 i br i s t li s au tu m nali s br ach ac ti s la h a 20 : 5 . 1 1 8 . F y f . y B ke , R odor m 2 2 l u tu m n l r i l K kenth Re e r S . . 3 1 96 . 1 9 . i llden r i t ac i s ii . t. : 6 W ow ? Fi b s y i s a a i s va . gr p p Nov ( 1 2 2 6 he O i c . , from t r no o )

u 1 93 5 . m t u u m l r m ronu l ta al h a 3 3 98 . i b i s li s a t na i s va . c a 7 : F r y Fern d, R odor

C la u a ual u 1— m i a if c 4 d . . u espitose g bro s nn ; lms h gh, n rrow , mm wide , d f se or

ﬂa ac u ua l a erect ; leaves t, mm . wide ; the br ts s l y shorter th n the decompo und to

a l l l i l u cl l ne r y simp e umbe ; sp ke ets ovoid to narrowly cylindric, sessile or ped n ed s ca es ovate

la c la a ul a i uc a a a n eo te , ppressed, d l brown with green sh keel , m ron te ; chenes obov te , mm . l a l co stulate a uc u ff a l cu a i i al ong , the ng es often , tr nsl ent b , smooth to f int y reti l te w th hor zont c l u l uc at a s s u u ﬁmbri ate e ls ( freq ent y verr ose the b se , ometime thro gho t) ; style terete , not , ul u at l 3 a c s s a s 1 2 a a . s b bo s the b se , mm ong below the br n he ; t men or , the nther

mm . long .

i i t n TYPE LOCALITY : V rg ni a ( Clay o ) . : ai O a i and i a u h l i a O lah a and DISTRIBUTION M ne , west to nt r o M nnesot , so t to F or d , k om , a i i h H u h n tle C b a S c i 903 Ge u a . Tex s ; Br t s ond r s ( pp , I m l — : l . 1 . 2 . Gra M an . . 5 . l . 3 i br i s ty i s . 6 9 . 7 . 1 8 7 . . 2 73 LLUSTRATION S p , f ; A y , ed p , F f ; ed f , 2 74 O ; i . 8: Ill . Fl . . 2 . 1 . 7 89 7 90 . . . M u s . 1 9 1 0 : l . 1 7 . 2 al . Br tt Brown , ed f , ; Rep N J p , f ; An M i N 1 u s . . at. : 3 3 5 . Argent C . 4 ’ T hl i R bo ll u hi h i s C er u s H as an c u he i i O . a ott 5 c t N E V , depend ng on ﬁg re (w y p p ) , onf sed dent ty S ci r u s au tu m n l l i i i i n a i s a a b a d h . of p , e d ng to m s nterpret t on y Torrey ot ers

i i l m i s l i s m l z. . . F R L k B 9 . br ty c o p anata ( et ) n , Hort ero 1 827 .

S ci r us m lan t O bs 5 1 4 1 co a us . . 789 . p p Retz : . C eru s c om lanatu S Pl 1 2 1 s Wi ll . 7 9 : 0 . 7 7 . y p p d p . . m t 2 C eru s a en ac eus Pl u i a 6 05 ﬁde Kiikenthal Pﬂ anzenrei ch 6 9 . 1 93 6 . u 1 . 1 8 yp R dge , . G n . , , h i ( Frenc Gu ana . )

S ci r ts anc M 2 8 8 a a N . ance s N un li a 2 88 . 1 0 . S Wi ll . . at. : p d Ges . Fre de Ber n g ( J v ) ot p iO OO i r i o . l gg I s ole is Wi lldenowi i S st 2 1 2 8: . S . : 0 . 1 8 1 7 . p R . y O Tr i chelos t li s com l anata N e cs Wi h C i a 1 0 1 834 3 . . y p in g t , ontr . Bot . Ind O 1 Tr h l t l Ru d n 42 i c e os i s ea F a 2 9 1 8 . a l . . 7 . y g a Nees in M rt . Br s : m t 4 i b i s lis o bs cur a al a 6 92 1 90 1 . c . . c . 3 : F r y Fern d , Pro Am A d l m m N a 1 4 . 1 945 . u tu M u s . . i . t. 4 : 3 3 i mbris t i s a nali s var co lanata a al . C F y . p B rros, An Argent

— — — Gla u c i an ua u a 1 3 i 2 6 dm a 2 6 . c . . bro s esp tose n l ; lms ﬂ ttened, mm w de , high ; le ves mm a ul uc a ac u ua 2 and a inﬂores wide, shorter th n the c ms , the invol r l br ts s lly shorter th n the i - l i —1 0 c c u l c u c u a a 5 . en e mbe ompo nd or de ompo nd , the line r o r l ne r ob ong sp kelets mm long ,

il ca illa u c cal a a c a a u c sess e o r on p ry ped n les ; s es brown , ov te to l n eol te , with short m ro ; ac u i uff a u u ua l a l l henes trigono s , wh te to b , op q e , mm . long , s l y with horizont l y e on a i cula i u uc ﬁmbriate u o u at as g ted ret t on , freq ently verr ose ; style terete , not , b lb s the b e , l a 2 mm . long be ow the 3 br nches ; stamens . i TYPE LOCALITY : Ind a . D ISTRIBUTION : Mexi co ; B ri ti sh Hondu ras ( S chipp 904) ° abun dant from Cuba sou thward i n h W i i O t e est Ind es ; trop cal Sou th Ameri ca ; O ld World tropic s . i l Pl u a . . 1 9 N i M l . . 2 u . I : es . G at. u l a . 2 : 8 p , LLUSTRATION S Fre nde Ber n g p , f ; R dge, G n de rs E xcu rs i ons ﬂ r va : 1 06 . . 26 . Koo . a 4 0 , J f H ] . NOTE : For fu rther synonymy and vari eti es of O ld World plants se e Clarke i n ook . f . F i t 4 - i a u tu m r 6 : 6 6 ha b u l i cal a . a B . Ind . Per ps best treated as a road c med trop v r nt of F OO na i s .

1 0 im i s l i m i l 2 2 . 1 8 . . F s V il ce L um . : 87 05 a a . br ty ( ) ah , En

i r u s mi li ac eu s S N at. S c L . . . 1 0 86 8 . 1 7 59 . p y st ed . I s o le is mi li ac ea l Re H n l . ae k 1 1 88 . 1 828 . p Pres , . : Tr i che los t li s mi li acea in i 4 W h 4 8 5 . 1 0 . 1 y Nees g t, Contr . Bot . Ind . — — A ual u ul 2 a a l a 1 3 . c a 7 dm . nn with ﬁbro s roots ; ms we k, long , ngled bove ; e ves soft , mm a i luc al ac ﬁlifo rm a c o u u la wide, with loose she ths ; nvo r br ts , shorter th n the de omp nd mbel te 5 56 N ORTH AMERI CAN FLO RA [VOL UM E 18

l l u 2— a - ﬂo r d ca c c 4 . we e inﬂores en e ; spike ets g obose or s bglobose , mm long , m ny ; s les brown , a u c i b a uc ac cu i u a obo ov te , obt se , onvex , t pped y short m ro ; henes obs rely tr gono s , n rrowly a l al u f a u a a u 4 u a of v te , mm . ong, p e b f , op q e, often pe rly, with bo t longit din l rows

a cula ac ac li l i a and u l uc . u u at a tr be e on e h f e , s ght y stip t te freq ent y verr ose ; style b lbo s the b se ,

ﬁmbri ate at a a c but l s a 1 2 a the b se of the 3 br n hes smooth be ow ; t mens or , the nther s

mm . long . i TYPE LOCALITY : Ind a . : l a i a balla l i a a a ali i a i c ral D ISTRIB UTION Pennsy v n ( on st) , F or d , Ark ns s , C forn ; Mex o ; Cent i ca W i C b u h a S u h i ca i c the O ld W l u a . Amer ; est Ind es , from so t w rd ; o t Amer ; trop s of or d A 2 1 F P i f 2 b a 11. 1. ac . St. 1 6 42 I R D r I c l . . : : ottb . esc . 8: . 5 8 . . 6 . LLUSTR TION S p , f ; A r ms , f N u h H F i 644 l . . . 6 : OTE : For f rt er sy nonymy see Clarke i n ook . f . Br t Ind

B I L D I V l um 2 2 1 0 A A A R D A . : 96 . 8 . 8 . G 5 ah , En

i mbri s t li s au F y of thors .

G a u i al cul a ac u a a a a u ua l bro s p erenn s , with slender ms , n rrow set eo s b s l le ves , ﬂ ttened, s lly i a i l n n i nd a d a luc 1 ac . Sca ca s a sol t ry sp ke ets , invo re of br t les imbr ted in two row , keeled — c u u . B n 1 S u c u u s a s a . S a 3 . de id o s ristles one t mens tyle p bescent , de id o , with omewh t ll a . A i swo en b se chenes tr gono u s .

A u 1 5 c c D ff Bu lbost li c O ld W . s bo t spe ies , hieﬂy in the orld tropi s i ers from y in the a u i c l u l u ca and a cu a ac a c . gl bro s , d sti ho s s les , the st ked, t ber te henes with isodi metric ells T c er u m n t L ype sp e ies , Cyp s o os achyos .

1 A bil r i . d d m o n s h L V l m 2 2 1 t c u 6 80 . aa a o a a . . : 9 : 5 y ( ) ah , En

C eru s monos tach os L yp y . M ant . 1 80 . 1 7 7 1 . i mbri s t li s monos tach H Rar 1 848 a a Pl . av 6 1 F y y ssk . J . . . .

Cu u 2—4 d ac u i a as as i n . a . lms slender , t fted , high ; le ves set eo s , mm w de , h lf high the cu uc al a - l 1 lms ; invol r br ct shorter than the spikelet ; spikelet ovate an ceolate , cm . long, a - ﬂowered i - m ny , the lower s cales readily decidu o u s ; s cales green sh white, strongly keeled ; i 3 a c ac 2 i - i uc sty le w th short br n hes ; henes mm . long, yellow sh wh te , verr ose, promi u a ently st lked . i TYPE LOCALITY : Ind a. W et a l a i n i i l l i D ISTRIB UTION : gr ssy p ces : Flor da a d Mex co to Argent na ; O d Wor d trop cs . R b I M i 1 D e sc r c . l . 1 3 . 3 al . u s . N at. 3 3 . I : ott . 8: . C . 4 : 7 LLU STRATION S . p , f ; An Argent ; Ann i i u . a . 3 0 : 3 0 M sso r Bot G rd 0.

PLATE 1

i — m - 1 bris t li s . i 2 B u lbos t l F gs . 7 . Fi y F gs . 8 1 . y i s .

Fi m m “ u umn li s i bri s t l di cho to a B r tt n B r 3 1 1 u ba Fi 2 . a t a . 1 . C g F y is ; i o , i tton <5 Gager 7 , . g . F . ; M or on A u 2 1 Fi di e a Cu a i ll l i a Fi 4 erru . 87 3 . . 3 . . s a c r ti ss 4093 ck . . . . g, g , g F p ; , J sonv e , F or d g F f i ne u ti Fi C r ss 3 22 l i Fi th e h e 1 3 a ban uba . 6 . o 5 . . s a ac a S a r 6 a . g ; , Is e of P nes . g . F p ; f , B t o , C g hl ° F 8 . . Va ii erri 6 D u n n 1 1 9 a i h en i d es Cu r tiss 691 2 l i a . i . s ca 3 . F . 7 . . sc o o F ; F , Tex s g F ; , F or d g B u lbos t li s hi r t B t l n 1 1 C F B u nc i d e var m li ce s M u e ller t Wi so 544 u ba . i . 9 . . o s . a y a ; ri on <9 , g j p p ; 1 966 i a i i n u i B n B tt E er 6 79 i a del F 1 0 . B . te i ol a r i tto ri on arl 67 Ga 3 O ab c . , r z , Mex o g . f ; , , g , P n r Ri 1 2 u b Fi B te h l R M e u i a Fi . . H ar r 1 489 l . o a . . 1 1 . . s no la . ha , C g p y ; . p , C r ton Co nty , Georg g B H F t R e e ll I I 282 2 l E an u ba . . cu r as s av E er d m I l i ca a 92 ai i i . 1 3 B . s e acea n c . ; y , t . g . ; g , ( o km ) , C Fi 4 B ll 4 i li Fi 5 B au or a . 1 . i C i ca ari s i l h b . 4 6b l h a a. . 1 . . c g . p ; B tmore er , B tmore , Nort ro n g p fl ; R u k r u F B ha neri a n ix . Fi . 1 6 . B . c i li ati oli a C r ti s s 5 71 1 l i a . i . 1 . . S c i ae 1 906 St. C 7 , , ro g f ; , F or d g fi , h n 2 2 i E km H i Fi u n i mi s S c a er 0 i c F . 1 8 . B . occosa an 4006 a i . . 1 9 . B . c or fi , M ex o . g fl ; , t g j f , ’ l o i 2 u E Fi Ca de n 1 05 E Sal a F . 0 . B . s ba h ll kman 1 3 6 6 Sa D i . 2 1 . 3 l . a 0 . r , v dor g p y ; , nto om ngo g l i ma a . B . a i l os a H ar ri s 1 2423 St. a c p p ; , Andrew, J

S i l h an l 1 mbr is t li s s i e e u i nea ac d t 5 c i ad c a . r . p ke ets x enes s y es x ex ept F y p , F f r g , F s choenoi des n B u b s t hi r t i n hi h b i la i r a d l o li s a c cau h th e l a e 6 . , y , w , e se of t e r rge s ze , sty es x

1 i s l a ha i n i c al i th e ach Fi . Note : ene of g 0 rger t n ty p spec mens .