Molecular Analysis of an Rna Editing Cis-Element and Its Trans- Factor
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Impacts of Global Climate Change on the Phenology of African Tropical Ecosystems
IMPACTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PHENOLOGY OF AFRICAN TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS GABRIELA S. ADAMESCU MSc by Research UNIVERSITY OF YORK Biology October 2016 1 Abstract The climate has been changing at an unprecedented rate, affecting natural systems around the globe. Its impact has been mostly reflected through changes in species’ phenology, which has received extensive attention in the current global-change research, mainly in temperate regions. However, little is known about phenology in African tropical forests. Africa is known to be vulnerable to climate change and filling the gaps is an urgent matter. In this study we assess plant phenology at the individual, site and continental level. We first compare flowering and fruiting events of species shared between multiple sites, accounting for three quantitative indicators, such as frequency, fidelity for conserving a certain frequency and seasonal phase. We complement this analysis by assessing interannual trends of flowering and fruiting frequency and fidelity to their dominant frequency at 11 sites. We complete the bigger picture by analysing flowering and fruiting frequency of African tropical trees at the site and community level. Next, we correlate three climatic indices (ENSO, IOD and NAO) with flowering and fruiting events at the canopy level, at 16 sites. Our results suggest that 30 % of the studied species show plasticity or adaptability to different environments and will most likely be resilient to moderate future climate change. At both site and continental level, we found that annual flowering cycles are dominant, indicating strong seasonality in the case of more than 50% of African tropical species under investigation. -
Cop13 Analyses Cover 29 Jul 04.Qxd
IUCN/TRAFFIC Analyses of the Proposals to Amend the CITES Appendices at the 13th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties Bangkok, Thailand 2-14 October 2004 Prepared by IUCN Species Survival Commission and TRAFFIC Production of the 2004 IUCN/TRAFFIC Analyses of the Proposals to Amend the CITES Appendices was made possible through the support of: The Commission of the European Union Canadian Wildlife Service Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, Department for Nature, the Netherlands Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Germany Federal Veterinary Office, Switzerland Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Dirección General para la Biodiversidad (Spain) Ministère de l'écologie et du développement durable, Direction de la nature et des paysages (France) IUCN-The World Conservation Union IUCN-The World Conservation Union brings together states, government agencies and a diverse range of non-governmental organizations in a unique global partnership - over 1 000 members in some 140 countries. As a Union, IUCN seeks to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. IUCN builds on the strengths of its members, networks and partners to enhance their capacity and to support global alliances to safeguard natural resources at local, regional and global levels. The Species Survival Commission (SSC) is the largest of IUCN’s six volunteer commissions. With 8 000 scientists, field researchers, government officials and conservation leaders, the SSC membership is an unmatched source of information about biodiversity conservation. SSC members provide technical and scientific advice to conservation activities throughout the world and to governments, international conventions and conservation organizations. -
Seed Dispersal by Ceratogymna Hornbills in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon
Journal of Tropical Ecology (1998) 14:351–371. With 2 figures Copyright 1998 Cambridge University Press Seed dispersal by Ceratogymna hornbills in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon KENNETH D. WHITNEY*†1, MARK K. FOGIEL*, AARON M. LAMPERTI*, KIMBERLY M. HOLBROOK*, DONALD J. STAUFFER*, BRITTA DENISE HARDESTY*, V. THOMAS PARKER* and THOMAS B. SMITH*† *Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, California 94132 U.S.A. †Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616-8755 U.S.A. (Accepted 13 January 1998) ABSTRACT. Seed dispersal is a process critical to the maintenance of tropical forests, yet little is known about the interactions of most dispersers with their communities. In the Dja Reserve, Cameroon, seed dispersal by the hornbills Cerato- gymna atrata, C. cylindricus and C. fistulator (Aves: Bucerotidae) was evaluated with respect to the taxonomic breadth of plants dispersed, location of seed deposition and effects on seed germination. Collectively, the three hornbill species consumed fruits from 59 tree and liana species, and likely provided dispersal for 56 of them. Hornbill-dispersed tree species composed 22% of the known tree flora of the site. Hornbill visit lengths, visit frequencies, and seed passage times indicated that few seeds were deposited beneath parent trees; in five hornbill/tree species pairings studied, 69–100% of the seeds ingested were deposited away from the parent trees. Germination trials showed that hornbill gut passage is gentle on seeds. Of 24 tree species tested, 23 germinated after passage by hornbills; of 17 planted with con- trols taken directly from trees, only four species showed evidence of inhibition of germination rate, while seven experienced unchanged germination rates and six experienced enhanced germination rates. -
Blighia Sapida Konig Sapindaceae
Blighia sapida Konig Sapindaceae LOCAL NAMES Creole (arbe fricasse); English (breadfruit,akee apple,akee,ackee); French (fisanier,aki,Abre-à-fricasser); Spanish (seso vegetal) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Blighia sapida may reach 13 m high, has a spreading crown and ribbed branchlets. Leaflets 2-5 pairs, the upper ones largest, obovate. Leaves oblong or sub- elliptic, acute to rounded base, 3-18 cm long, 2-8.5 cm broad, pubescent Blighia sapida (Lovett) on the nerves beneath. Flowers bisexual, aromatic and greenish white in colour, borne on densely pubescent axillary racemes, 5-20 cm long. Fruit capsule shaped, leather like pods contain a seed in each of 3 chambers or sections. A thick fleshy stalk, rich in oil, holds the seeds. When ripe, the fruit sections split and the seed becomes visible. The fruit turns red on reaching maturity and splits open with continued exposure to the sun. Fruit and foliage (Trade winds fruit) Seeds shiny black with a large yellow or whitish aril. The generic name Blighia honours Captain William Bligh who introduced the plant to the English scientific community at Kew in 1793. The specific epithet is in reference to the presence of substances in its seeds which turn water soapy or frothy. BIOLOGY There are two fruit bearing seasons between January-March and June- August. Flowers are bisexual. Fruit and foliage (Trade winds fruit) Agroforestry Database 4.0 (Orwa et al.2009) Page 1 of 5 Blighia sapida Konig Sapindaceae ECOLOGY Found in areas outlying forests in the savanna regions and in drier parts of the eastern half of the West African region, B. -
Seeing Central African Forests Through Their Largest Trees J
Seeing Central African forests through their largest trees J. Bastin, N. Barbier, M. Réjou-Méchain, A. Fayolle, S. Gourlet-Fleury, D. Maniatis, T. de Haulleville, F. Baya, H. Beeckman, D. Beina, et al. To cite this version: J. Bastin, N. Barbier, M. Réjou-Méchain, A. Fayolle, S. Gourlet-Fleury, et al.. Seeing Central African forests through their largest trees. Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2015, 5 (1), 10.1038/srep13156. hal-01892195 HAL Id: hal-01892195 https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-01892195 Submitted on 3 Jun 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Seeing Central African forests through their largest trees J.-F. Bastin1,2,3, N. Barbier4, M. Réjou-Méchain4,5, A. Fayolle2, S. Gourlet-Fleury5, D. Maniatis6, T. de Haulleville2,7, F. Baya8, H. Beeckman7, D. Beina9, P. Couteron4, Received: 03 December 2014 G. Chuyong10, G. Dauby11, J.-L. Doucet2, V. Droissart4, M. Dufrêne2, C. Ewango12, Accepted: 17 July 2015 J.F. Gillet2, C.H. Gonmadje5,13,14, T. Hart15, T. Kavali16, D. Kenfack17, M. Libalah4,21, Y. -
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of Aquilaria Sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and Evolution Analysis Within the Malvales Order
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 08 March 2016 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00280 Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg and Evolution Analysis within the Malvales Order Ying Wang 1, Di-Feng Zhan 2, Xian Jia 3, Wen-Li Mei 1, Hao-Fu Dai 1, Xiong-Ting Chen 1* and Shi-Qing Peng 1* 1 Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China, 2 College of Agronomy, Hainan University, Haikou, China, 3 State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg is an important medicinal woody plant producing agarwood, which is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. High-throughput sequencing of chloroplast (cp) genomes enhanced the understanding about evolutionary relationships Edited by: within plant families. In this study, we determined the complete cp genome sequences Daniel Pinero, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de for A. sinensis. The size of the A. sinensis cp genome was 159,565 bp. This genome México, México included a large single-copy region of 87,482 bp, a small single-copy region of 19,857 Reviewed by: bp, and a pair of inverted repeats (IRa and IRb) of 26,113 bp each. The GC content of Mehboob-ur-Rahman, the genome was 37.11%. The A. sinensis cp genome encoded 113 functional genes, National Institute for Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Pakistan including 82 protein-coding genes, 27 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Seven genes Shichen Wang, were duplicated in the protein-coding genes, whereas 11 genes were duplicated in Kansas State University, USA the RNA genes. -
Gonystylus Bancanus
Gonystylus bancanus Kartiko, Hero Dien P. Published in: Seed Leaflet Publication date: 2002 Document version Early version, also known as pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Kartiko, H. D. P. (2002). Gonystylus bancanus. Seed Leaflet, (58). Download date: 01. Oct. 2021 SEED LEAFLET No. 58 January 2002 Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz Taxonomy and nomenclature The tree is sometimes slightly fluted at the base, with Family: Thymelaeaceae many knee-roots (pneumatophores). Bark surface is Synonyms: Gonystylus hackenbergii Diels; G. often cracked and shows greyish to red brown colour. miquelianus Teysm. & Binn. Inner bark is yellow and fibrous, sapwood pale cream or Vernacular/common names: ramin (trade name). white. Indonesia: ramin (general), gaharu buaya (Sumatra, Leaves elliptical, oblong-oblanceolate or obovate, Kalimantan), merang (Kalimantan). Brunei 4-14.5 cm x 2-7 cm, broadly cuneate to rounded at the Darussalam: ramin. Malaysia: ramin melawis, base, suddenly narrowing into a point; petiole 8-18 melawis, ramin telur (Peninsular), garu buaya mm. Inflorescence up to 9 cm long with short, (Sarawak). Philippines: lanutan-bagyo, anauan. adpressed hairs. Flowers with 8-14 mm long pedicels and 13-20, narrowly lanceolate, glabrous petals. Distribution and habitat Native to Indonesia (western and central Kalimantan, south-eastern Sumatra and Bangka), Malaysia (south-western Peninsular and Sarawak) and Brunei Darussalam. It is a lowland species that is rarely found above 100 m altitude. It grows in freshwater coastal peat-swamp forest, occasionally forming pure stands. Populations and habitats of the species have decreased sharply due to over exploitation and it is categorised as vulnerable on the IUCN red list. -
Epiphyte Diversity and Fragmented Forests
Selbyana 23(1): 121-130. 2002 EPIPHYTEDIVERSITY IN PRIMARYAND FRAGMENTEDFORESTS OF CAMEROON,CENTRAL AFRICA: A PRELIMINARYSURVEY BERNARD-ALOYSNKONGMENECK University of Yaounde 1, Department of Plant Biology, l? 0. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon, West Africa MARGARETD. LOWMAN*AND JOHNT. ATWOOD The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, 81 1 S. Palm Avenue, Sarasota, Florida, 34236 USA. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT.In this study our objectives were to compare the diversity of epiphytes in undisturbed and fragmented forests, to identify the most abundant host tree species. and to collect specimens for the Uni- versity of Yaounde. To protect epiphytes in villages where these plants are often perceived as parasites (especially of fruit trees), the senior author organized conservation classes for local villagers who partici- pated in data collection at each site. Preliminary results showed that epiphytic flora was rich in disturbed forests of Cameroon and that preservation of forest fragments may benefit epiphyte conservation. The most abundant host tree species differ in both intact and disturbed habitats at each site. Human disturbance, despite reducing epiphyte population sizes, serves as a catalyst for promoting change (and perhaps a short- term increase) in diversity by increasing habitat diversity. Key words: Africa, biodiversity, Cameroon, epiphyte, forest, orchid, tropics INTRODUCTION natural and disturbed forest tracts within the three tropical forests. Epiphytes are components of tropical rain for- N~~~ large and conspicuous epiphytes, ests. Much information on their relative diver- collect voucher specimens for herbaria in E~- sity and abundance exists for major equatorial . rope, ~f~i~~,and ~~~~i~~ the first set forests in Mexico (Williams-Linera et al. -
How Bonobo Communities Deal with Tannin Rich Fruits Re-Ingestion And
Behavioural Processes 142 (2017) 131–137 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Behavioural Processes journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/behavproc How bonobo communities deal with tannin rich fruits: Re-ingestion and MARK other feeding processes ⁎ David Beaunea,b, , Gottfried Hohmanna, Adeline Serckxc,d,e, Tetsuya Sakamakif, Victor Naratg,h, Barbara Fruthi,j,k a Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Primatology, Deutscher Platz 6, Germany b Laboratoire Biogéosciences, UMR CNRS 6282, Université de Bourgogne, 6 bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France c Primatology Research Group, Behavioural Biology Unit, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium d Conservation Biology Unit, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium e Ecole Régionale post-universitaire d’Aménagement et de gestion Intégrés des Forêts et Territoires tropicaux, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo f Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin 41, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan g Department of Infection and Epidemiology, Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France h Eco-Anthropology and Ethnobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France i Liverpool John Moores University, Faculty of Science/School of Natural Sciences and Psychology; Liverpool, UK j Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium k Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany ARTICLE INFO -
CITES and Timber (PDF)
This guide covers the main timber species regulated CITES and Timber by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). It provides information CITES and Timber on the key issues regarding the implementation of the Convention for this important group of plants. A guide to CITES-listed tree species Written for the non-expert, individual sections cover the species found in significant trade, with details on their distribution, uses, traded parts and derivatives, and scientific and common names. Madeleine Groves Madeleine Groves Additional sections cover timber identification and measurement, guidance on CITES documentation and key resources. and Catherine Rutherford shop.kew.org/kewbooksonline Madeleine Groves Catherine Rutherford CITES and Timber A guide to CITES-listed tree species Madeleine Groves Catherine Rutherford © The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2015 Illustrations and photographs © Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, unless otherwise stated in the captions The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher unless in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988. Great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of the information contained in this work. However, neither the publisher, the editors nor authors can be held responsible for any consequences arising from use of the information contained herein. -
Population Genetics and Genomics of Forest Trees: from Gene Function to Evolutionary Dynamics and Conservation
00 27/9/06 13:10 Página 1 Population Genetics and Genomics of Forest Trees: from Gene Function to Evolutionary Dynamics and Conservation October 1st – 6th, 2006 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. Spain Organizing Institutions: COST is supported by ESF provides the scientific, the EU Framework technical and administrative Programme secretariat for the COST Sponsors: 00 27/9/06 13:10 Página 2 SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME AND ABSTRACTS • SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE IUFRO Conference COST Action E-28 Ricardo Alia (Spain) Marie Baucher (Belgium) Luis Gil (Spain) Wout Boerjan (Belgium) Olivier J. Hardy (Belgium) Carmen Díaz-Sala (Spain) Antoine Kremer (France) Silvia Fluch (Spain) Andrew Lowe (Australia) Yrjö Helariutta (Finland) David B. Neale (USA) Philipe Label (France) Christophe Plomion (France) Tapio Palva (Finland) Outi Savolainen (Finland) Bjorn Sandberg (Sweeden) Yoshihito Tsumura (Japan) Gail Taylor (UK) Giuseppe G. Vendramin (Italy) Andrew Young (Australia) • ORGANIZING COMMITTEE IUFRO Conference COST Action E-28 Mª Teresa Cervera (INIA) Dolores Abarca (UAH) Carmen Díaz-Sala (UAH) Mª Teresa Cervera (INIA) Santiago C. González-Martínez Carmen Díaz-Sala (UAH) (INIA) Santiago C. González-Martínez Salustiano Iglesias (DGB) (INIA) Álvaro Soto (UPM) Álvaro Soto (UPM) Miguel Verdú (CSIC) • SPONSORS Universidad de Alcalá Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria - INIA European Science Foundation – ESF International Union of Forestry Research Organizations (IUFRO) European Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research (COST Action E-28) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – CSIC TRAGSA Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 00 27/9/06 13:10 Página 3 SUMMARY INTRODUCTION SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME ABSTRACTS IUFRO ......................................................................................................................1 Plenary Conferences................................................................................................3 Oral Communications Session I. -
Vegetatlon and Llst of Plant Specles Ldentlfled Ln the Nouabal€-Ndokt Forest, Congo*
TROPICS 3 Ql0:277-293 lssued March, 1994 Vegetatlon and Llst of Plant Specles ldentlfled ln the Nouabal€-Ndokt Forest, Congo* Jean-Marie MOIJ"TSAIEOTE Cente dEnrdes sur les Ressouroes V6g€taleq B.P. l249,Baz.avnb,Curgo Takakar,u YuProro Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657 , Japan Masazumi MIrlNt Division of Ecology, Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo. Sanda, Hyogo 669-13, Japan TomoaKi NTSHIHARA Laboratory of Human Evolution Studies, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606, Japan Shigeru SuzuKI Laboratory of Human Evolution Studies, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606, Japan SuehiSA KURODA Laboratory of Human Evolution Studies, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606, Japan Abstract This paper lists plant species collected and identified in the Nouabal6-Ndoki Forest in northern Congo in the period from 1988 to 1992. It describes also the vegetation types and parts observed of plant foods eaten by gorillas and chimpanzees. The plant species composition led to grouping three vegetation types in the forest: mixed species forest, swamp forest, and monodominant forest of Gilbertiodcndron dewevrei, Another two vegetation types, secondary forest and riverine forest" exist in the outer fringes ofthe study site. collected plants contained 417 species (278 generu 86 families)' ofwhich 400 were totally identified. Seven plant species were added to the flora of Congo. Key Words: vegetation/ Baka I Gorilla gorilla gorilla I Pan troglodytes ffoglodytes I food plant The Republic of Congo is located in the cenfial part of the African continent. It covers an area of about 342,000 km2, straddling the Equator between 334'N-500'S in latitude and llll'E-1835'E in longitude.