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Biodiversity Assessment Report and Biodiversity Management Plan

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Biodiversity Assessment Report and Biodiversity Management Plan Irrigation Development Support Project (IDSP) Ministry of Agriculture Government of the Republic of Zambia Biodiversity Assessment and Management Plan Irrigation Development Support Project (IDSP) Remedial Works Makaba Dam 1st DRAFT 7 August 2021 Prepared by UNOPS for the Government of the Republic of Zambia i | P a g e NAMES OF AUTHORS This Biodiversity Assessment and Management Plan was prepared by Mwelwa Musosha (Terrestrial Ecologist), Bright Nyimbili (Aquatic Ecologist) and Pilila Chongo (Environmental Expert). ii | P a g e Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Brief Background ................................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Objectives of the BDA ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.1 Overall Objective .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.2 Specific Objectives for Terrestrial Assessment ............................................................................ 6 1.2.3 Specific Objectives for Aquatic Assessment ................................................................................ 7 1.3 Project Brief ........................................................................................................................................ 7 2. RELEVANT LEGISLATION AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK............................................................. 11 2.1 National Legislation ........................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 World Bank Safeguards Policies and Guidelines ............................................................................... 16 2.3 International Conventions ................................................................................................................ 19 2.4 Institutional Arrangements for Biodiversity Management of the Sub-Project................................. 19 3. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................. 21 3.1 Assessment Methodology ................................................................................................................. 21 3.1.1 Spatial scale-procedures to determine project’s area of influence ........................................... 21 3.1.2 Value of ecological resources and vulnerability of receptors .................................................... 22 3.1.3 Evaluation of significance of Impacts ......................................................................................... 25 3.1.4 Approach to mitigation of impacts ............................................................................................ 27 3.2 Data Collection Methods .................................................................................................................. 28 3.2.1 Desk review ................................................................................................................................ 28 3.2.2 Completion of field surveys ....................................................................................................... 29 3.2.3 Data Analysis .............................................................................................................................. 36 4. Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 38 4.1 Terrestrial Survey Results ................................................................................................................. 38 4.1.1 Habitats ...................................................................................................................................... 38 4.1.2 Flora ........................................................................................................................................... 41 4.1.3 Fauna .......................................................................................................................................... 48 4.2 Aquatic Survey Results ...................................................................................................................... 57 iii | P a g e 4.2.1 Habitats ...................................................................................................................................... 57 4.2.2 Water Quality ............................................................................................................................. 59 4.2.3 Fish Survey ................................................................................................................................. 61 4.2.4. Invertebrates ............................................................................................................................. 63 4.2.5 Aquatic flora ............................................................................................................................... 63 4.3 Evaluation of Impact Significance ..................................................................................................... 65 4.4 Impacts Summary ............................................................................................................................. 77 5. BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PLAN (BMP) ........................................................................................ 79 5.1 Objectives of the BMP ...................................................................................................................... 79 5.2 Scope of the BMP .............................................................................................................................. 79 5.3 Follow-up and Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 100 5.3.1 Evaluation of monitoring ..................................................................................................... 106 5.4 Implementation of the BMP .................................................................................................... 106 Key Role and Responsibility .................................................................................................................. 106 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 111 Appendix 1: Sample Plots Coordinates ..................................................................................................... 113 Appendix 2: Main Plot data collection form ............................................................................................. 114 Appendix 3: Regeneration Plot Data Collection Form .............................................................................. 115 Appendix 4: Fauna Data Collection Form ................................................................................................. 116 Appendix 5: Coordinates for Dambos of Interest in the Project area ...................................................... 117 Appendix 6 Data Collection Sheet ............................................................................................................ 118 Appendix 7 – Water Analysis Results for water samples collected at Makaba dam. ............................... 122 Appendix 8 Habitat Management ............................................................................................................. 124 iv | P a g e List of Tables Table 1-1: Summary of Project Brief ............................................................................................................. 8 Table 2-1: Laws relevant to the sub-project ............................................................................................... 12 Table 2-2: Relevant World Bank Operational Policies ............................................................................... 17 Table 3-1: Criteria for habitat integrity (William Latimer, 2009) ................................................................ 22 Table 3-2: Criteria for vegetation integrity ................................................................................................. 23 Table 3-3: Criteria for aquatic habitat integrity (Kleynhans, 1996) ............................................................ 23 Table 3-4: Descriptive classes for the assessment of modifications to habitat integrity (Kleynhans, 1996). .................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Table 3-5: Criteria and weights used for the assessment of habitat integrity (Kleynhans, 1996). ........... 25 Table 3-6: Intermediate habitat integrity assessment categories (Kleynhans, 1996) ................................ 25 Table 3-7: Terminology used to describe environmental and social impacts ...........................................
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