Irrigation Development Support Project (IDSP) Ministry of Agriculture Government of the Republic of Zambia Biodiversity Assessment and Management Plan Irrigation Development Support Project (IDSP) Remedial Works Makaba Dam 1st DRAFT 7 August 2021 Prepared by UNOPS for the Government of the Republic of Zambia i | P a g e NAMES OF AUTHORS This Biodiversity Assessment and Management Plan was prepared by Mwelwa Musosha (Terrestrial Ecologist), Bright Nyimbili (Aquatic Ecologist) and Pilila Chongo (Environmental Expert). ii | P a g e Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Brief Background ................................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Objectives of the BDA ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.1 Overall Objective .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.2 Specific Objectives for Terrestrial Assessment ............................................................................ 6 1.2.3 Specific Objectives for Aquatic Assessment ................................................................................ 7 1.3 Project Brief ........................................................................................................................................ 7 2. RELEVANT LEGISLATION AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK............................................................. 11 2.1 National Legislation ........................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 World Bank Safeguards Policies and Guidelines ............................................................................... 16 2.3 International Conventions ................................................................................................................ 19 2.4 Institutional Arrangements for Biodiversity Management of the Sub-Project................................. 19 3. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................. 21 3.1 Assessment Methodology ................................................................................................................. 21 3.1.1 Spatial scale-procedures to determine project’s area of influence ........................................... 21 3.1.2 Value of ecological resources and vulnerability of receptors .................................................... 22 3.1.3 Evaluation of significance of Impacts ......................................................................................... 25 3.1.4 Approach to mitigation of impacts ............................................................................................ 27 3.2 Data Collection Methods .................................................................................................................. 28 3.2.1 Desk review ................................................................................................................................ 28 3.2.2 Completion of field surveys ....................................................................................................... 29 3.2.3 Data Analysis .............................................................................................................................. 36 4. Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 38 4.1 Terrestrial Survey Results ................................................................................................................. 38 4.1.1 Habitats ...................................................................................................................................... 38 4.1.2 Flora ........................................................................................................................................... 41 4.1.3 Fauna .......................................................................................................................................... 48 4.2 Aquatic Survey Results ...................................................................................................................... 57 iii | P a g e 4.2.1 Habitats ...................................................................................................................................... 57 4.2.2 Water Quality ............................................................................................................................. 59 4.2.3 Fish Survey ................................................................................................................................. 61 4.2.4. Invertebrates ............................................................................................................................. 63 4.2.5 Aquatic flora ............................................................................................................................... 63 4.3 Evaluation of Impact Significance ..................................................................................................... 65 4.4 Impacts Summary ............................................................................................................................. 77 5. BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PLAN (BMP) ........................................................................................ 79 5.1 Objectives of the BMP ...................................................................................................................... 79 5.2 Scope of the BMP .............................................................................................................................. 79 5.3 Follow-up and Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 100 5.3.1 Evaluation of monitoring ..................................................................................................... 106 5.4 Implementation of the BMP .................................................................................................... 106 Key Role and Responsibility .................................................................................................................. 106 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 111 Appendix 1: Sample Plots Coordinates ..................................................................................................... 113 Appendix 2: Main Plot data collection form ............................................................................................. 114 Appendix 3: Regeneration Plot Data Collection Form .............................................................................. 115 Appendix 4: Fauna Data Collection Form ................................................................................................. 116 Appendix 5: Coordinates for Dambos of Interest in the Project area ...................................................... 117 Appendix 6 Data Collection Sheet ............................................................................................................ 118 Appendix 7 – Water Analysis Results for water samples collected at Makaba dam. ............................... 122 Appendix 8 Habitat Management ............................................................................................................. 124 iv | P a g e List of Tables Table 1-1: Summary of Project Brief ............................................................................................................. 8 Table 2-1: Laws relevant to the sub-project ............................................................................................... 12 Table 2-2: Relevant World Bank Operational Policies ............................................................................... 17 Table 3-1: Criteria for habitat integrity (William Latimer, 2009) ................................................................ 22 Table 3-2: Criteria for vegetation integrity ................................................................................................. 23 Table 3-3: Criteria for aquatic habitat integrity (Kleynhans, 1996) ............................................................ 23 Table 3-4: Descriptive classes for the assessment of modifications to habitat integrity (Kleynhans, 1996). .................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Table 3-5: Criteria and weights used for the assessment of habitat integrity (Kleynhans, 1996). ........... 25 Table 3-6: Intermediate habitat integrity assessment categories (Kleynhans, 1996) ................................ 25 Table 3-7: Terminology used to describe environmental and social impacts ...........................................