Elaboration and Analysis of Wood Processing Industry Residuals in Rasina and Toplica Region and Aleksinac and Raška Municipalities
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Elaboration and Analysis of Wood Processing Industry Residuals in Rasina and Toplica Region and Aleksinac and Raška Municipalities MRS. BRANKA MITROVIĆ TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Regional Overview and Data Analysis .............................................................................. 8 2. Rasina District – Kruševac, Trstenik, Aleksandrovac, Brus, Ćićevac and Varvarin ......... 15 3. Toplica District – Prokuplje, Kuršumlija, Blace and Žitorađa .......................................... 18 4. Raška Municipality ......................................................................................................... 21 5. Aleksinac Municipality ................................................................................................... 22 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Annual average available wood residuals in studied 12 municipalities in target region .................................................................................................................................... 5 Table 2: SWOT Analysis ...................................................................................................... 7 Table 3: Forested areas – per municipality............................................................................. 9 Table 4: Forested areas – annual cuttings of hardwood and softwood .................................... 9 Table 5: Number of wood processing firms by size and municipality .................................. 11 Table 6: Processed volume of wood by Wood Processing Industry – per Municipality in mᶾ on average in 2013-2015 ..................................................................................................... 12 Table 7: Average Raw Material Input per municipality by major species 2013-2015 ........... 13 Table 8: Average Production of Wood Residuals 2013-2015 – by type ................................ 14 Table 9: Distances in the Rasina region (km) ....................................................................... 15 Table 10: Transportation fleet – wood processors in Rasina District .................................... 16 Table 11: Distances in the Toplica District (km) ................................................................. 18 Table 12: Transportation fleet – wood processors in Toplica District ................................... 18 Table 13: Distances in the Raška District (km) ................................................................... 21 Table 14: Distances in the Toplica District (km) ................................................................. 22 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Produced average quantity of wood residuals (rmᶾ/a) per municipality 2013-2015 .. 4 Figure 2: Map of the Target Region, with underlined researched municipalities .................... 8 Figure 3: Processed wood volume per specie ....................................................................... 12 Figure 4: Wood Residuals Availability in the Region .......................................................... 13 Summary of main research findings Summary of main research findings The Rasina District occupies central parts of Serbia. The district encompasses City of Kruševac and 5 other municipalities - Varvarin, Trstenik, Ćićevac, Aleksandrovac and Brus. The Toplica District occupies southern parts of Serbia. The district encompasses municipalities Prokuplje, Blace, Kuršumlija and Žitorađa. Aleksinac Municipality is located in the Nišava District in south-eastern part of Serbia. Raška Municipality is located in the Raška District in south-western part of Serbia. All those cities and municipalities have been at the focus of this research. The objective of the assignment was to identify wood processing facilities in the City of Kruševac and 11 designated municipalities and respective availability of wood residuals for fueling planned local biomass District Heating Centers (DHCs). In researched region total of 61 wood processors have been identified and surveyed. Number of additional unregistred small sawmills have been taken into account. They especially play important role in the region along Kosovo border, where illegal cross-border trade is present. A number of them did not want to take part in the survey, prefering to stay of the record. Those who have closed their plants were also considered as indication of the consolidation process in wood processing industry that is going on in the region and in whole Serbia. In addition, Serbian law allows small entrepreneurs to temporarily close their businesses, up to one year. This makes a number of small seasonal family-owned sawmills not easy to track. Identified wood processing industry links as well as the collected data showing total volume of processed wood and produced wood residuals clearly demonstrate that Kuršumlija and Kruševac are two main concentration points for the wood processing industry. Kuršumlija is the one single municipality with the highest biomass potential, included forested areas and their annual increment (wood mass growth on annual basis). This distribution of the biomass Rasina and Toplica Districts and Aleksinac and Raška Municipalities – Wood Processors 3 Summary of main research findings potential and wood industry is also translated in the produced quantities of wood residuals. Figure 1 shows the quantities of produced wood residuals per municipality. The wood processing industry has been, in recent years, advancing the most in the Kruševac, Kuršumlija and Varvarin municipalities. Over the researched period, the prices of wood residuals have been growing nominally, expressed in RSD. However, the prices converted in € have remained rather stable. It is to be expected that prices will follow the increasing trend over the next years because of the development of the demand side including mini pellet and briquette production facilities, as well as the expected finalization of wood biomass based district heating centers, with project on-going in Kruševac. However, investment in forest infrastructure (e.g. access roads and machinery) and occasional large-scale ice breaks could bring prices down in the mid-term, changing the trend of long-term incremental increase of wood residual prices. Figure 1: Produced average quantity of wood residuals (rmᶾ/a) per municipality 2013-2015 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 Note: raum meters Research showed that the companies engaged in wood processing are specialized in this field so that the largest number of companies in addition to the primary wood processing produces some semi-finished or final products. It is about a maximum utilization of raw materials for Rasina and Toplica Districts and Aleksinac and Raška Municipalities – Wood Processors 4 Summary of main research findings their drying kiln, heating boilers, production of briquettes and pellets. The transportation fleet almost doesn’t exist within wood processing companies so they have signed contacts with the other companies related to the transport of raw material and finished products. Total Raw material input in the studied area has been 208.202 mᶾ, and total quantity of produced wood residuals 133.760 rmᶾ (26.966 rmᶾ placed on the market and 106.794 rmᶾ for internal use). According to our estimate based on the consistent information we got from interviews, there are approximately 20% more wood residuals produced, which are not registered in the books. Residuals remaining in the forest have not been taken into account. Taking into account legal requirements for substantial part of the residuals to remain in the forest, current forest exploitation practices, configuration of terrain and the level of development of the forest infrastructure in the area; we estimate that between 25,000 and 30,000 rmᶾ/a of residuals could be collected in the forests. Adding up all the sources – wood processing industry, including unregistered and seasonal processing as well as accessible and surplus forest residuals, we estimate that there is in total 170.056 rmᶾ of wood residuals available in the region – see Table 1. Table 1: Annual average available wood residuals in studied 12 municipalities in target region Wood Residual Availability rmᶾ Wood processors Production On market 26.966 133.760 Internal use 106.794 Unregistered production estimate (20%) 5.393 Accessible forest residuals estimate app. 30.903 TOTAL 170.056 It is important to note that the supply side – production of wood residuals was researched. Therefore, wood processing companies that only consume wood residuals (demand side) such as wood pellet plants were not taken into account, as their processing of wood residuals – consumption cannot be added to the production part. Similarly, with companies that bought produce wood residuals themselves, but who also buy up residuals from other companies Rasina and Toplica Districts and Aleksinac and Raška Municipalities – Wood Processors 5 Summary of main research findings throughout the region, only the part they produce (supply) themselves was taken into account in order to avoid duplication. Around 90% wood used by wood processors is from this region and smaller part is being sold to other regions or abroad (e.g. to “Kronospan Serbia” in Lapovo). Based on the geographic characteristics of these regions, as well as on the existing wood processing industry and the way forestry administration is set-up in Serbia; for the purpose of this research we can identified 4 different areas: South-western part, with wood processing plants concentrated around National Park “Kopaonik” and Raška Municipality and parts of Brus Municipality