Akbar : Achievements, Policies and Contributions

5.1 Timeline :

Timelines (CE) Image Description

Born: October 15, 1542,

Amerkot(Sind), The great ruler Ab al- Died: October 27, 1605, FatJallalDin FatehpurSikri

Between Akbar and , thePrime Minister of Muhammed Adil where November, 1556 2nd Battle of Hemu got defeated with the support of Bairam , who had been the guardian of Akbar between 1556 to 1560.

Expedition against was conquered by 1561 of Malwa was headed by Adam under Akbar Khan son of Aanga

Akbar annulled the special tax Abolition of pilgrimage tax by payable by for making 1563 Akbar pilgrimages was completely abolished

Akbar abolished the paid 1564 Abolition of Jizya tax by Akbar by non- in 1564

Uzbegs Khan Zaman was the Known as Uzbek rebellion under 1564-1567 leader of Uzbek later killed by Akbar another Uzbek

Akbar established a new capital, west of to celebrate his City of Fatehpursikri was founded victory over and 1569 and became Mughal’capital in Ranthambore, which was 1971 named (‘City of Victory’) till 1585 when capital was transferred to

1575 (House of Worship) Akbar invited the learned ulema

was built on the order of Akbar at and other Muslim theologians to Fatehpursikri the Ibadat Khana for philosophical and theological discussions.

Raja Ali khan the ruler of immediately accepted Akbar dispatched four diplomatic Akbar while other 1591 missions to Deccan states , and Golkunda diplomatically rejected Akbar’s offer

After Asirgarh victory, Khandesh was annexed to the 1601 Akbar conquered Asirgarh Mughal and Bahadur was taken Prisoner to

Akbar is one of the most Death of Akbar: popular kings of Indian History due to his liberal religious c. October 27, 1605 attitude and love towards other religion and being.

5.2Web links :

Web links http://www.britannica.com/biography/Akbar http://www.eklavya.in/pdfs/Books/SSTP/social_studies_8/history/1%20Akbar.pdf Akbar http://www.eklavya.in/pdfs/Books/SSTP/social_studies_8/history/1%20Akbar.pdf http://www.ijrssh.com/images/short_pdf/Jul_2013_SOLE%20SANJAY%20SHRIVANT.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar http://www.paradoxplace.com/Insights/Civilizations/Mughals/Mughals.htm http://download.nos.org/srsec315new/History%20Book_L10.pdf http://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/the-persian-connection/ http://www.culturalindia.net/indian-history/akbar.html

5.3 Bibliography :

Chandra, Satish., (1526-1748), Haranand publication, 2007 Garbe, Richard,Akbar, of : A Picture of Life and Customs from the Sixteenth Century,Nabu press, 2011 Habib, Irfan. The Agrarian System of Mughal India. London, 1963.

Habib, Irfan. An Atlas of the Mughal Empire. , 1982

Habib, Irfan (1997), Akbar and His India,

Mukhia, Harbans. The Mughals of India, : Wiley-Blackwell (2004).

Qureshi, I. H. The Administration of the Mughal Empire. , 1966.

Richard, John F. The Mughal Empire. Vol. I, Part 5, of the New Cambridge , Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Shireen Moosvi, Episodes in the life of Akbar, National Book Trust, 2005

Smith, Vincent A. Akbar the Great Mogul, 1542-1605, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1919).