References: ACE's 2020 Review of Essere Animali

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

References: ACE's 2020 Review of Essere Animali References ACE’s 2020 Review of Essere Animali Animal Charity Evaluators. (n.d.). ACE Movement Grants. Retrieved November 7, 2020, from ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/donation-advice/ace-movement-grants/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2016a). Why Farmed Animals? ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/donation-advice/why-farmed-animals/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2016b, June). Models of Media Influence on Demand for Animal ​ Products. https://animalcharityevaluators.org/research/other-topics/models-of-media/ ​ ​ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2017a). Prioritizing Causes. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/prioritizing-causes/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2017b, November). Leafleting. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/interventions/leafleting/#repor t Animal Charity Evaluators. (2018). Allocation of Movement Resources. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/research/other-topics/allocation-of-movement-resourc es/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2019a). Farmed Fish Welfare Report. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/research/other-topics/farmed-fish-welfare-report/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2019b). Interventions. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/interventions/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2020a). 2019 Giving Metrics Report. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/about/impact/giving-metrics/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2020b). Cause Priorities for ACE. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/prioritizing-causes/causes-we- consider/ Animal Charity Evaluators. (2020c). Menu of Outcomes for Animal Advocacy. ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/research/methodology/menu-of-outcomes/ Beckstead, N. (2019). A brief argument for the overwhelming importance of shaping the far future. In Effective altruism: philosophical issues (pp. 80–98). Oxford University Press. ​ ​ https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841364.003.0006 Bianchi, F., Dorsel, C., Garnett, E., Aveyard, P., & Jebb, S. A. (2018). Interventions targeting conscious determinants of human behaviour to reduce the demand for meat: a systematic review with qualitative comparative analysis. The International Journal of Behavioral ​ Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15(1), 102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0729-6 ​ ​ ​ ​ Birrell, I. (2018, May 12). Parma Ham Farm Raid Exposes Horrific Animal Cruelty. Daily Mail Online. ​ ​ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5722219/Parma-ham-farm-raid-exposes-horrific-a nimal-cruelty.html Brown, W. A. (2003). Inclusive governance practices in nonprofit organizations and implications for practice. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 12(4), 369–385. ​ ​ ​ ​ https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.12404 Buse, K., Bernstein, R. S., & Bilimoria, D. (2016). The influence of board diversity, board diversity policies and practices, and board inclusion behaviors on nonprofit governance practices. Journal of Business Ethics : JBE, 133(1), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2352-z ​ ​ ​ ​ Capriati, M. (2018). Cause Area Report: Corporate Campaigns for Animal Welfare (p. 75). ​ ​ Founders Pledge. Essere Animali. (n.d.-a). Cambia il Mondo, Inizia a Tavola. Retrieved November 7, 2020, from ​ ​ https://www.ioscelgoveg.it/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Cambia-il-mondo-dalla-tavola-la-g uida-veg-di-Essere-Animali.pdf Essere Animali. (n.d.-b). IoScelgoVeg: Il Tuo Sito su Alimentazione Vegan e Vegetariana. ​ ​ Retrieved November 6, 2020, from https://www.ioscelgoveg.it/ ​ Essere Animali. (n.d.-c). La Nostra Idea. Retrieved November 7, 2020, from ​ ​ https://www.essereanimali.org/chi-siamo/ Essere Animali. (n.d.-d). L’Allevamento degli Orrori. Retrieved November 7, 2020, from ​ ​ https://www.essereanimali.org/allevamento-da-chiudere/ Essere Animali. (n.d.-e). MenoPerPiù. Retrieved November 7, 2020, from https://menoperpiu.it/ ​ ​ ​ Essere Animali. (n.d.-f). SOSpig a Campaign to End Cruel Practices in Italian Pig Farms. Retrieved ​ ​ November 7, 2020, from https://www.essereanimali.org/en/sos-pig/ ​ Essere Animali. (n.d.-g). What Fish Are You? Retrieved November 6, 2020, from ​ ​ https://www.essereanimali.org/en/what-fish-are-you/ Essere Animali. (2018, October 18). Allevamenti Intensivi Di Pesci: Prima Indagine In Europa. ​ ​ YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wImDWAA_ALc&feature=emb_title ​ Essere Animali. (2020a). Essere Animali’s Reporting of Financials (2020). ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/essere-animali-being-ani mals-reporting-of-financials.pdf Essere Animali. (2020b). Essere Animali’s Reporting of Leadership, Strategy, and Culture (2020). ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/essere-animali-being-ani mals-reporting-of-leadership-strategy-culture.pdf Essere Animali. (2020c). Essere Animali’s Reporting of Programs (2020). ​ ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/essere-animali-being-ani mals-reporting-of-programs.pdf Faunalytics. (2019, June 19). Challenge 22+ Pilot Impact Study. ​ ​ https://faunalytics.org/challenge-22-pilot-impact-study/ Gallup. (2016). Frequently Asked Questions About Employee Engagement and the Engagement ​ Survey. ​ https://hr.uci.edu/partnership/survey/pdf/01-Frequently-Asked-Questions-FAQs.pdf Grassian, D. T. (2019). A New Way of Eating: Creating Meat Reducers, Vegetarians and Vegans ​ [Doctoral dissertation]. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/76482/ ​ Greaves, H., & MacAskill, W. (2019). The case for strong longtermism. ​ ​ https://globalprioritiesinstitute.org/hilary-greaves-william-macaskill-the-case-for-strong-lon gtermism/page/2/ MiVeg Festival Vegan a Milano. (n.d.). MiVeg. Retrieved November 7, 2020, from ​ https://www.miveg.org/ Moleman, P. (2018). Impact Evaluation of 30-day VeggieChallenge, 2017. https://osf.io/q62uk/ ​ ​ ​ Montini, B. (2015, October 8). Anatre Ingozzate con un Tubo, Stordite con L’Elettricità (e poi uccise): Cosa si Nasconde dietro il Foie Gras. Corriere Della Sera. ​ ​ https://www.corriere.it/animali/15_ottobre_07/anatre-ingozzate-a-forza-poi-uccise-cosi-si-o ttiene-foie-gras-cef50a1e-6ce2-11e5-8dcf-ce34181ab04a.shtml Montini, B. (2016, December 26). Maiali Maltrattati Nell’allevamento del Prosciutto di Parma: Blitz della Forestale dopo la Video-Denuncia. Corriere Della Sera. ​ ​ https://www.corriere.it/cronache/16_dicembre_23/maiali-maltrattati-nell-allevamento-pros ciutto-parma-blitz-forestale-la-video-denuncia-fc4bbb46-c927-11e6-bac6-8c33946b31a6.s html?refresh_ce-cp Montuschi, S. (2016a, April 11). Il Nostro Attivismo per gli Animali nello Speciale del Tg1! Essere ​ ​ Animali. https://www.essereanimali.org/2016/04/essere-animali-a-speciale-tg1/ ​ Montuschi, S. (2016b, May 30). Allevamenti intensivi e antibiotico-resistenza: connubio killer. ​ ​ Essere Animali. https://www.essereanimali.org/2016/05/allevamenti-intensivi-antibiotico-resistenza-connu bio-killer/ Montuschi, S. (2017, June 29). Vittoria! Dopo Nostra Indagine Chiude Allevamento di Conigli. ​ ​ Essere Animali. https://www.essereanimali.org/2017/06/dopo-nostra-indagine-chiude-allevamento-conigli/ Montushi, S. (2018, October 5). Francia: Shock per le nostre Immagini Diffuse in TV in Prima ​ Serata. Essere Animali. ​ https://www.essereanimali.org/2018/10/essere-animali-tv-francia-denuncia-terribili-condizi oni-maiali/ Neslen, A. (2018, October 18). “Horrific” footage reveals fish suffocating to death on industrial farms in Italy. The Guardian. ​ ​ https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/oct/18/horrific-footage-reveals-fish-suffoc ating-to-death-on-industrial-farms-in-italy Peacock, J. (2018, November 6). Measuring Change in Diet for Animal Advocacy. The Humane ​ ​ League. https://thehumaneleague.org/article/E009R01-measuring-diet-animal-advocacy ​ Redazione. (2018, May 24). Maiali Ammassati: Nei Guai Allevamento di Verolanuova. Brescia ​ Today. https://www.bresciatoday.it/cronaca/verolanuova-allevamento-maiali.html ​ ​ Siciliano, J. I. (1996). The relationship of board member diversity to organizational performance. Journal of Business Ethics : JBE, 15(12), 1313–1320. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00411816 ​ ​ ​ ​ Simcikas, S. (2019, August 9). Corporate campaigns affect 9 to 120 years of chicken life per dollar ​ spent. Rethink Priorities. ​ https://www.rethinkpriorities.org/blog/2019/8/7/corporate-campaigns-affect-9-to-120-years -of-chicken-life-per-dollar-spent Smith, A. (2017, July 9). How Should We Evaluate Organizational Factors that Affect Charity ​ Performance? Animal Charity Evaluators. ​ https://animalcharityevaluators.org/blog/how-should-we-evaluate-organizational-factors-th at-affect-charity-performance/ Tiplady, C. M., Walsh, D.-A. B., & Phillips, C. J. C. (2013). Public response to media coverage of animal cruelty. Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Ethics, 26(4), 869–885. ​ ​ ​ ​ https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-012-9412-0 Tonsor, G. T., & Olynk, N. J. (2011). Impacts of Animal Well-Being and Welfare Media on Meat Demand. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 62(1), 59–72. ​ ​ ​ ​ https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.2010.00266.x .
Recommended publications
  • Effective Altruism William Macaskill and Theron Pummer
    1 Effective Altruism William MacAskill and Theron Pummer Climate change is on course to cause millions of deaths and cost the world economy trillions of dollars. Nearly a billion people live in extreme poverty, millions of them dying each year of easily preventable diseases. Just a small fraction of the thousands of nuclear weapons on hair‐trigger alert could easily bring about global catastrophe. New technologies like synthetic biology and artificial intelligence bring unprece­ dented risks. Meanwhile, year after year billions and billions of factory‐farmed ani­ mals live and die in misery. Given the number of severe problems facing the world today, and the resources required to solve them, we may feel at a loss as to where to even begin. The good news is that we can improve things with the right use of money, time, talent, and effort. These resources can bring about a great deal of improvement, or very little, depending on how they are allocated. The effective altruism movement consists of a growing global community of peo­ ple who use reason and evidence to assess how to do as much good as possible, and who take action on this basis. Launched in 2011, the movement now has thousands of members, as well as influence over billions of dollars. The movement has substan­ tially increased awareness of the fact that some altruistic activities are much more cost‐effective than others, in the sense that they do much more good than others per unit of resource expended. According to the nonprofit organization GiveWell, it costs around $3,500 to prevent someone from dying of malaria by distributing bed­ nets.
    [Show full text]
  • GPI's Research Agenda
    A RESEARCH AGENDA FOR THE GLOBAL PRIORITIES INSTITUTE Hilary Greaves, William MacAskill, Rossa O’Keeffe-O’Donovan and Philip Trammell February 2019 (minor changes July 2019) We acknowledge Pablo Stafforini, Aron Vallinder, James Aung, the Global Priorities Institute Advisory Board, and numerous colleagues at the Future of Humanity Institute, the Centre for Effective Altruism, and elsewhere for their invaluable assistance in composing this agenda. 1 Table of Contents Introduction 3 GPI’s vision and mission 3 GPI’s research agenda 4 1. The longtermism paradigm 6 1.1 Articulation and evaluation of longtermism 6 1.2 Sign of the value of the continued existence of humanity 8 1.3 Mitigating catastrophic risk 10 1.4 Other ways of leveraging the size of the future 12 1.5 Intergenerational governance 14 1.6 Economic indices for longtermists 16 1.7 Moral uncertainty for longtermists 18 1.8 Longtermist status of interventions that score highly on short-term metrics 19 2. General issues in global prioritisation 21 2.1 Decision-theoretic issues 21 2.2 Epistemological issues 23 2.3 Discounting 24 2.4 Diversification and hedging 28 2.5 Distributions of cost-effectiveness 30 2.6 Modelling altruism 32 2.7 Altruistic coordination 33 2.8 Individual vs institutional actors 35 Bibliography 38 Appendix A. Research areas for future engagement 46 A.1 Animal welfare 46 A.2 The scope of welfare maximisation 48 Appendix B. Closely related areas of existing academic research 51 B.1 Methodology of cost-benefit analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis 51 B.2 Multidimensional economic indices 51 B.3 Infinite ethics and intergenerational equity 53 B.4 Epistemology of disagreement 53 B.5 Demandingness 54 B.6 Forecasting 54 B.7 Population ethics 55 B.8 Risk aversion and ambiguity aversion 55 B.9 Moral uncertainty 57 1 B.10 Value of information 58 B.11 Harnessing and combining evidence 59 B.12 The psychology of altruistic decision-making 60 Appendix C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Definition of Effective Altruism
    OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 19/08/19, SPi 1 The Definition of Effective Altruism William MacAskill There are many problems in the world today. Over 750 million people live on less than $1.90 per day (at purchasing power parity).1 Around 6 million children die each year of easily preventable causes such as malaria, diarrhea, or pneumonia.2 Climate change is set to wreak environmental havoc and cost the economy tril- lions of dollars.3 A third of women worldwide have suffered from sexual or other physical violence in their lives.4 More than 3,000 nuclear warheads are in high-alert ready-to-launch status around the globe.5 Bacteria are becoming antibiotic- resistant.6 Partisanship is increasing, and democracy may be in decline.7 Given that the world has so many problems, and that these problems are so severe, surely we have a responsibility to do something about them. But what? There are countless problems that we could be addressing, and many different ways of addressing each of those problems. Moreover, our resources are scarce, so as individuals and even as a globe we can’t solve all these problems at once. So we must make decisions about how to allocate the resources we have. But on what basis should we make such decisions? The effective altruism movement has pioneered one approach. Those in this movement try to figure out, of all the different uses of our resources, which uses will do the most good, impartially considered. This movement is gathering con- siderable steam. There are now thousands of people around the world who have chosen
    [Show full text]
  • Population Axiology
    Population axiology Hilary Greaves This is the pre-peer reviewed version of this article. The final version is forthcoming in Philosophy Compass; please cite the published version. This ar- ticle may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. Abstract Population axiology is the study of the conditions under which one state of affairs is better than another, when the states of affairs in ques- tion may differ over the numbers and the identities of the persons who ever live. Extant theories include totalism, averagism, variable value theories, critical level theories, and \person-affecting” theories. Each of these the- ories is open to objections that are at least prima facie serious. A series of impossibility theorems shows that this is no coincidence: it can be proved, for various sets of prima facie intuitively compelling desiderata, that no axiology can simultaneously satisfy all the desiderata on the list. One's choice of population axiology appears to be a choice of which intuition one is least unwilling to give up. 1 Population ethics and population axiology: The basic questions In many decision situations, at least in expectation, an agent's decision has no effect on the numbers and identities of persons born. For those situations, fixed-population ethics is adequate. But in many other decision situations, this condition does not hold. Should one have an additional child? How should life-saving resources be prioritised between the young (who might go on to have children) and the old (who are past reproductive age)? How much should one do to prevent climate change from reducing the number of persons the Earth is able to sustain in the future? Should one fund condom distribution in the developing world? In all these cases, one's actions can affect both who is born and how many people are (ever) born.
    [Show full text]
  • Sharing the World with Digital Minds1
    Sharing the World with Digital Minds1 (2020). Draft. Version 1.8 Carl Shulman† & Nick Bostrom† [in Clarke, S. & Savulescu, J. (eds.): Rethinking Moral Status (Oxford University Press, forthcoming)] Abstract The minds of biological creatures occupy a small corner of a much larger space of possible minds that could be created once we master the technology of artificial intelligence. Yet many of our moral intuitions and practices are based on assumptions about human nature that need not hold for digital minds. This points to the need for moral reflection as we approach the era of advanced machine intelligence. Here we focus on one set of issues, which arise from the prospect of digital minds with superhumanly strong claims to resources and influence. These could arise from the vast collective benefits that mass-produced digital minds could derive from relatively small amounts of resources. Alternatively, they could arise from individual digital minds with superhuman moral status or ability to benefit from resources. Such beings could contribute immense value to the world, and failing to respect their interests could produce a moral catastrophe, while a naive way of respecting them could be disastrous for humanity. A sensible approach requires reforms of our moral norms and institutions along with advance planning regarding what kinds of digital minds we bring into existence. 1. Introduction Human biological nature imposes many practical limits on what can be done to promote somebody’s welfare. We can only live so long, feel so much joy, have so many children, and benefit so much from additional support and resources. Meanwhile, we require, in order to flourish, that a complex set of physical, psychological, and social conditions be met.
    [Show full text]
  • A R E S E a R C H Agenda
    Cooperation, Conflict, and Transformative Artificial Intelligence — A RESEARCH AGENDA Jesse Clifton — LONGTERMRISK.ORG March 2020 First draft: December 2019 Contents 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Cooperation failure: models and examples . .3 1.2 Outline of the agenda . .5 2 AI strategy and governance 8 2.1 Polarity and transition scenarios . .8 2.2 Commitment and transparency . .8 2.3 AI misalignment scenarios . 10 2.4 Other directions . 10 2.5 Potential downsides of research on cooperation failures . 11 3 Credibility 12 3.1 Commitment capabilities . 13 3.2 Open-source game theory . 13 4 Peaceful bargaining mechanisms 16 4.1 Rational crisis bargaining . 16 4.2 Surrogate goals . 18 5 Contemporary AI architectures 21 5.1 Learning to solve social dilemmas . 21 5.2 Multi-agent training . 24 5.3 Decision theory . 25 6 Humans in the loop 27 6.1 Behavioral game theory . 27 6.2 AI delegates . 28 7 Foundations of rational agency 30 7.1 Bounded decision theory . 30 7.2 Acausal reasoning . 31 8 Acknowledgements 35 1 1 Introduction Transformative artificial intelligence (TAI) may be a key factor in the long-run trajec- tory of civilization. A growing interdisciplinary community has begun to study how the development of TAI can be made safe and beneficial to sentient life (Bostrom, 2014; Russell et al., 2015; OpenAI, 2018; Ortega and Maini, 2018; Dafoe, 2018). We present a research agenda for advancing a critical component of this effort: preventing catastrophic failures of cooperation among TAI systems. By cooperation failures we refer to a broad class of potentially-catastrophic inefficiencies in interactions among TAI-enabled actors.
    [Show full text]
  • Effective Altruism and Transformative Experience
    Effective Altruism and Transformative Experience Effective Altruism: Philosophical Issues Hilary Greaves and Theron Pummer Print publication date: 2019 Print ISBN-13: 9780198841364 Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: October 2019 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198841364.001.0001 Effective Altruism and Transformative Experience Jeff Sebo Laurie Paul DOI:10.1093/oso/9780198841364.003.0004 Abstract and Keywords In this chapter, Jeff Sebo and L.A. Paul investigate the phenomenon of experiences that transform the experiencer, either epistemically, personally, or both. The possibility of such experiences, Sebo and Paul argue, frequently complicates the practice of rational decision-making. First, in transformative cases in which your own experience is a relevant part of the outcome to be evaluated, one cannot make well-evidenced predictions of the value of the outcome at the time of decision. Second, in cases in which one foresees that one’s preferences would change following the decision, there are issues about whether rational decision-making should be based only on one’s ex ante preferences, or should also incorporate some element of deference to foreseen future preferences. While these issues arise quite generally, Paul and Sebo suggest that they are especially pressing in the context of effective altruism. Keywords: transformative experience, cost–benefit analysis, peer disagreement, decision theory, collective agency, authenticity, narrative self 1. Introduction Effective altruists try to use evidence and reason to do the most good possible. However, some choices involve transformative experiences, which change what we care about in ways that we cannot fully anticipate. This limits our ability to make informed, rational, and authentic plans individually as well as collectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Effective Animal Advocacy
    Effective Animal Advocacy Jeff Sebo New York University 1. Introduction Imagine that you are a doctor, volunteering your time to save people in the aftermath of a natural disaster. There are many more people who need help than you have ability to help. How should you approach your work? Many people find it natural to say that you should triage. That is, you should try to do the most good possible with your limited resources. If you have to choose between treating two people, one of whom has a major injury and the other of whom has a minor injury, then you should prioritize the person with the major injury, all else being equal. Similarly, if you have to choose between treating two people, one of whom requires relatively few scarce resources and the other of whom requires relatively many scarce resources, then you should prioritize the person who requires relatively few scarce resources, all else being equal. Granted, it might seem callous to prioritize lives this way. But in a state of emergency, we naturally understand that triage is an expression of compassion, not callousness. If we want to save the most lives possible or relieve the most suffering possible, then we need to think carefully about how best to use our limited resources so that we can achieve this aim. However, as MacAskill (2015), Singer (2015), and many others have noted, many people seem to forget this point when it comes to addressing other, more chronic problems.1 For example, when we make choices about advocacy and philanthropy, many of us do what feels personally meaningful rather than think carefully about how to save the most lives possible or relieve the most suffering possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Whether and Where to Give1 (Forthcoming in Philosophy and Public Affairs)
    1 Whether and Where to Give1 (Forthcoming in Philosophy and Public Affairs) Theron Pummer University of St Andrews 1. The Ethics of Giving and Effective Altruism The ethics of giving has traditionally focused on whether, and how much, to give to charities helping people in extreme poverty.2 In more recent years, the discussion has increasingly focused on where to give, spurred by an appreciation of the substantial differences in cost- effectiveness between charities. According to a commonly cited example, $40,000 can be used either to help 1 blind person by training a seeing-eye dog in the United States or to help 2,000 blind people by providing surgeries reversing the effects of trachoma in Africa.3 Effective altruists recommend that we give large sums to charity, but by far their more central message is that we give effectively, i.e., to whatever charities would do the most good per dollar donated.4 In this paper, I’ll assume that it’s not wrong not to give bigger, but will explore to what extent it may well nonetheless be wrong not to give better. The main claim I’ll argue for here is that in many cases it would be wrong of you to give a sum of money to charities that do less good than others you could have given to instead, even if 1 I am extremely grateful to Derek Parfit, Roger Crisp, Jeff McMahan, and Peter Singer for extremely helpful feedback and encouragement. I am also very grateful to Johann Frick, Ulla Wessels, William MacAskill, Richard Arneson, Brian McElwee, Hilary Greaves, Elizabeth Ashford, Justin Snedegar, Ben Sachs, Sarah Broadie, Andreas Mogensen, Gulzaar Barn, Iason Gabriel, Carissa Véliz, Larry Temkin, Toby Ord, Teru Thomas, Owen Schaefer, Michelle Hutchinson, Caleb Ontiveros, Jesse Tomalty, Tom Ash, Kevin Wong, Caley Anderson, Tim Campbell, Farbod Akhlaghi-Ghaffarokh, Paul Woodruff, Ben Lange, Tina Rulli, Luc Bovens, Thomas Pogge, Francesca Minerva, Alberto Giubilini, Seth Lazar, Christian Barry, Felix Pinkert, Julian Savulescu, and the editors and two anonymous readers at Philosophy and Public Affairs for very helpful comments.
    [Show full text]
  • Effective Altruism and Extreme Poverty
    A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/154359 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications Effective Altruism and Extreme Poverty by Fırat Akova A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy Department of Philosophy University of Warwick September 2020 Table of Contents Acknowledgments vi Declaration viii Abstract ix Introduction 1 What is effective altruism? 1 What are the premises of effective altruism? 4 The aims of this thesis and effective altruism as a field of philosophical study 11 Chapter 1 13 The Badness of Extreme Poverty and Hedonistic Utilitarianism 1.1 Introduction 13 1.2 Suffering caused by extreme poverty 15 1.3 The repugnant conclusions of hedonistic utilitarianism 17 1.3.1 Hedonistic utilitarianism can morally justify extreme poverty if it is without suffering 19 1.3.2 Hedonistic utilitarianism can morally justify the secret killing of the extremely poor 22 1.4 Agency and dignity: morally significant reasons other than suffering 29 1.5 Conclusion 35 ii Chapter 2 37 The Moral Obligation to Alleviate Extreme Poverty 2.1 Introduction
    [Show full text]
  • Foundations of Effective Altruism Frank Arntzenius and Hilary Greaves Hilary Term 2017 Week 1: Introduction
    Foundations of Effective Altruism Frank Arntzenius and Hilary Greaves Hilary Term 2017 Week 1: Introduction Logistics This course has a Weblearn site. Reading lists, together with core readings, will be posted at least a week in advance. Please read the assigned ‘core readings’ before attending each class. Here is a provisional schedule of topics for this term: Week 1: Introduction; Singer’s argument Week 2: Pogge’s argument Week 3: Making a difference Week 4: Career choice Week 5: Identified vs statistical lives Week 6: Conditional obligations Week 7: Existential risk and population ethics Week 8: Cluelessness and indirect effects If there is sufficient interest, we may continue the course into Trinity term. This course focusses on academic moral philosophy topics that are relevant to the EA movement. If you are unfamiliar with the EA movement itself, a good non-academic introduction is Will MacAskill’s Doing Good Better. Background: The effective altruism (EA) movement 1. A (very) brief history of EA a. 1972: Peter Singer published ‘Famine, Affluence and Morality’ b. 2007: Holden Karnofsky and Elie Hassenfeld started GiveWell: evaluating charities for effectiveness with a view to advising philanthropic donors (esp. small donors). Most early recommendations were in the field of poor-country health. c. Meta-research on other possible recipients for charitable giving i. Research on cost-effective philanthropic policy interventions: Open Philanthropy Project (2012), OpenBorders.info (2012) ii. Animal welfare interventions: Sentience Politics (2013), Animal Charity Evaluators (2013) d. Movement growth activities i. Encouraging small donors to give more and to give effectively: Giving What We Can (2009), The Life You Can Save (2013), Charity Science (2013) ii.
    [Show full text]
  • William Macaskill –
    Emmanuel College Cambridge CB2 3AP B [email protected] William MacAskill Í www.williammacaskill.com Areas AOS Ethics AOC Political Philosophy, Decision Theory, Philosophy and Economics Employment Aug Associate Professor & Tutorial Fellow, Lincoln College, University of Oxford. 2015-present Permanent position. Sep 2014-Jul Research Fellow, Emmanuel College, University of Cambridge. 2015 Three-year research position. Education 2010–April D.Phil., University of Oxford. 2014 Title: Normative Uncertainty Supervisors: John Broome, Krister Bykvist 2012–2013 Visiting Student Research Collaborator, Princeton University. Spring 2012 Visiting Scholar, New York University. 2008–2010 B.Phil., University of Oxford, Distinction. Ranked 2nd out of a class of 27. 2005–2008 B.A.(Hons.), University of Cambridge, First Class. Ranked 2nd out of a class of 60. Articles forthcoming Smokers, Psychos, and Decision-Theoretic Uncertainty, Journal of Philosophy. forthcoming Normative Uncertainty as a Voting Problem, Mind. 2013 The Infectiousness of Nihilism, Ethics. 2013 Replaceability, Career Choice, and Making a Difference, Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. Books Under Moral Uncertainty, Oxford University Press. Contract First author; co-authored with Toby Ord and Krister Bykvist. Expected publication: Feb 2017. 2014 Doing Good Better, Penguin Random House (USA); Guardian Faber (UK). Work in Progress Why We Should Normalize Moral Theories at their Variance, Under review. Equal co-authorship with Owen Cotton-Barratt and Toby Ord. How to Make Intertheoretic Value Comparisons, Under review. What’s the Value of Moral Philosophy?. Human Extinction, Asymmetry, and Option Value. Moral Caution and Moral Compromise. Effective Altruism. Honors and Awards 2013–2014 Society for Applied Philosophy Doctoral Scholarship, Oxford. Maintenance award. 2012–2013 Fulbright Postgraduate Award, Princeton.
    [Show full text]