DOCSLIB.ORG

Novitatesamerican MUSEUM PUBLISHED by the AMERICAN MUSEUM of NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Novitatesamerican MUSEUM PUBLISHED by the AMERICAN MUSEUM of NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y NovitatesAMERICAN MUSEUM PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 3029, 36 pp., 67 figures, 3 tables November 27, 1991 Evolution of Cleptoparasitism in Anthophorid Bees as Revealed by Their Mode of Parasitism and First Instars (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) JEROME G. ROZEN, JR.1 CONTENTS Abstract .............................................. 2 Introduction .............................................. 2 Acknowledgments ............... ............................... 3 Historical Background ................ .............................. 4 Evolution of Cleptoparasitism in the Anthophoridae ............. ................... 6 Systematics of Cleptoparasitic First-Instar Anthophoridae ......... ................. 12 Methods .............................................. 12 Description of the Nomadinae Based on First Instars .......... .................. 13 Description of the Protepeolini Based on the First Instar ......... ................ 13 Description of the Melectini Based on First Instars ............ .................. 17 Xeromelecta (Melectomorpha) californica (Cresson) ........... ................. 17 Melecta separata callura (Cockerell) ......................................... 20 Melecta pacifica fulvida Cresson ............................................. 20 Thyreus lieftincki Rozen .............................................. 22 Zacosmia maculata (Cresson) ............................................. 22 Description of the Rhathymini Based on First Instars .......... .................. 24 Rhathymus bicolor Lepeletier ............................................. 25 Description of the Isepeolini Based on the First Instar .......... ................. 26 Isepeolus viperinus (Holmberg) ............................................. 27 lCurator, Department of Entomology, American Museum of Natural History. Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 1991 ISSN 0003-0082 / Price $3.80 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3029 Description of the Ericrocidini Based on First Instars ........ .................... 29 Aglaomelissa duckei (Friese) ................................................ 30 Mesoplia rujipes (Perty) ................................................ 32 Ericrocis lata (Cresson) or pintada Snelling and Zavortink ...... ................ 33 References ................................................. 34 ABSTRACT The methods by which cleptoparasitic antho- will rest on discovering sister-group relationships phorid bees introduce their eggs into host nests with pollen-carrying anthophorids. and the anatomical and behavioral adaptations of Comparative descriptions of the six cleptoparas- their first instars to kill host immatures are de- itic groups are based on descriptions (or redes- scribed and analyzed. The information is derived criptions) and illustrations of the hospicidal first from the literature, from new field studies, and instars ofthe following species: Xeromelecta (Me- from first instars described here. The study iden- lectomorpha) californica (Cresson), Melecta se- tifies six distinct cleptoparasitic groups: the No- parata callura (Cockerell), Melecta pacificafulvida madinae, Protepeolini, Melectini, Rhathymini, Is- Cresson, Thyreus lieftincki Rozen, Zacosmia ma- epeolini, and Ericrocidini, and each is probably culata (Cresson), Rhathymus bicolor Lepeletier, monophyletic. The lack ofsimilar information re- Isepeolus viperinus (Holmberg), Aglaomelissa garding Coelioxoides and the Osirini (two groups duckei (Friese), Mesoplia rufipes (Perty), Ericrocis recently identified as being unrelated to the No- lata (Cresson) or pintada Snelling and Zavortink. madinae) leaves open the possibility that the An- Illustrations offirst instar Triepeolusgrandis Friese, thophoridae may contain eight cleptoparasitic Townsendiella pulchra Crawford, and Protepeolus groups. It is suggested that each group represents singularis Linsley and Michener are presented to a separate evolutionary development of clepto- exemplify their lineages. parasitism in the family, although some evidence Females of Aglaomelissa duckei and Mesoplia points to a common parasitic ancestor for the Is- rufipes are reported to introduce their eggs into epeolini and Ericrocidini. Proof of separate evo- host cells through small holes they make in the lutionary origin ofcleptoparasitism in each group closures. INTRODUCTION This paper investigates the evolutionary ism and first instars is derived from previ- relationships of the cleptoparasitic antho- ously published accounts and from new data phorids through an analysis of (1) the mode presented below under Systematics of Clep- of parasitism of cleptoparasitic taxa and (2) toparasitic First-Instar Anthophoridae. the anatomy of their first instars. Mode of Because the apomorphies used here are as- parasitism is the manner in which the clep- sociated only with cleptoparasitism, the toparasitic female introduces her egg into the question as to what pollen-gathering groups host cell, and how the host egg or larva is gave rise to the cleptoparasitic lineages is be- eliminated, allowing the cleptoparasitic off- yond the scope of this study. We as yet know spring to develop on the stored provisions. too little about first instars of nonparasitic The first instars of all known cleptoparasitic bees to recognize other kinds of first-instar anthophorids kill the hosts' young, and the synapomorphies that link cleptoparasites and anatomies ofthese hospicidal first instars re- food-gathering lineages. veal striking modifications to accomplish this Cleptoparasitism is the relationship in purpose. Hence the morphology ofthese first which the young ofone bee species feeds and instars is an integral part ofthe mode ofpar- develops on the food stored for the young of asitism. Knowledge about mode of parasit- another species. This is different from social 1991 ROZEN: CLEPTOPARASITISM IN ANTHOPHORID BEES 3 parasitism in which the parasite female lives not subsequent instars, shows the most pro- in the nest of the host species and her off- nounced anatomical modifications involved spring are cared for by the female or females with its hospicidal activities.2 Cleptoparas- of the host species. In the Anthophoridae, ites in other bee families have evolved a wid- social parasitism is found only in the Allo- er range ofmodes ofparasitism thanjust those dapini (see Michener, 1974: 227, for an over- found in the Anthophoridae. Depending upon view). the group, parasitism may be accomplished Eggs of cleptoparasitic anthophorids are (1) by the cleptoparasite female opening the introduced into host cells in one oftwo ways: host cell and killing and removing the host's either the cleptoparasitic female enters the young before she oviposits and reseals the cell open cell while the host is away foraging and (larvae nonhospicidal) (e.g., Sphecodes, Ho- hides her egg by inserting it into the cell wall plostelis), and (2) by the cleptoparasite egg (and/or cell lining), or the cleptoparasite being introduced into an open or closed cell makes a small opening in the closure (or wall) and one or more instars, but not the first of a cell that has already been sealed, inserts instar, being hospicidal (e.g., Coelioxys, Stel- an egg through the hole into the cell lumen, is). and then reseals the opening. Presumably both Unless stated otherwise, specimens de- mechanisms have evolved more than once scribed are in the collection of the American in the family. Museum of Natural History. The hospicidal first instars of the clepto- parasitic anthophorids exhibit behavioral and anatomical modifications that enable them ACKNOWLEDGMENTS to seek out, identify, and kill host eggs or Many ofthe cleptoparasitic first instars were larvae. The universal (but not necessarily ho- collected while I was in residence at biological mologous) feature of these hospicidal larvae field stations. I wish to thank the personnel is attenuate, tapering, sharp-pointed, usually of the following stations for their assistance elongate mandibles used to dispose the hosts' and hospitality: William Beebe Memorial young. Head capsules are modified and Laboratory, Trinidad, West Indies (New York strengthened in various ways in association Zoological Society); Cedar Point Biological with the increased mandibular musculature Station, Ogallala, Nebraska (University of and perhaps with sclerotization that shields Nebraska); and Southwestern Research Sta- the parasitic first instar from host larvae or tion, Portal, Arizona (American Museum of competing cleptoparasitic young. Larval mo- Natural History). bility is important for finding hosts, and in The completeness of this study was aided some lineages modifications of the abdomi- by the loan or donation of specimens from nal apex (such as the development of a py- the following specialists: Frederick D. Ben- gopod) are adaptations for crawling. Other nett, University of Florida, Gainesville; lineages lack obvious anatomical modifica- Charles D. Michener, University of Kansas, tions for crawling but still must crawl, per- Lawrence; Robbin W. Thorp, University of haps by body movement alone. Some larvae California, Davis; Philip F. Torchio, USDA have lateral body extensions, presumably en- Bee Biology and Systematics Laboratory, Lo- abling them to float on liquid provisions while gan, Utah. they seek and kill host young. There is a spec- trum of anatomical features involved with 2 Among the parasitic anthophorids, instars after the identifying host immatures (or immatures
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1. Padil Species Factsheet Scientific Name: Common Name Image
    1. PaDIL Species Factsheet Scientific Name: Rhathymus sp -- (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae: Rhathymini) Common Name Tribe Representative - Rhathymini Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pollinators/Pest/Main/139837 Image Library Australian Pollinators Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pollinators/ Partners for Australian Pollinators image library Western Australian Museum https://museum.wa.gov.au/ South Australian Museum https://www.samuseum.sa.gov.au/ Australian Museum https://australian.museum/ Museums Victoria https://museumsvictoria.com.au/ 2. Species Information 2.1. Details Specimen Contact: Museum Victoria - [email protected] Author: Ken Walker Citation: Ken Walker (2010) Tribe Representative - Rhathymini(Rhathymus sp)Updated on 8/17/2010 Available online: PaDIL - http://www.padil.gov.au Image Use: Free for use under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY- NC 4.0) 2.2. URL Live link: http://www.padil.gov.au/pollinators/Pest/Main/139837 2.3. Facets Bio-Region: Central and South America Host Family: Not recorded Host Genera: Cleptoparasitic Status: Exotic Species not in Australia Bio-Regions: Neotropical Body Hair and Scopal location: Scopa absent, Body hair almost absent Cleptoparasite: Yes - all species Episternal groove: Present and extending below scrobal groove Wings: Submarginal cells - Three, Hairy Head - Structures: One subantennal suture below each antennal socket Head - Mouthparts: Galeal comb absent, Glossa and Labial palps elongate; palps flattened and sheathlike, Stipial comb present, Lorum V shaped; mentum tapered, Mandibles simple Legs: Arolia present, Middle coxa fully exposed Male Genitalia: S7 broad and transverse Metasoma & Metanotum: Pygidial plate present, Prepygidial fimbria continuous, S6 curved to form tubular guide for sting Nests, Ovarioles & Immatures: Parasitic, Larva spins a cocoon, Ovarioles per ovary equals 4 or more Larval provisions: Parasitic on other bees 2.4.
    [Show full text]
  • Xhaie'ican%Mllsllm
    XhAie'ican1ox4tate%Mllsllm PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK 24, N.Y. NUMBER 2 244 MAY I9, I 966 The Larvae of the Anthophoridae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) Part 2. The Nomadinae BY JEROME G. ROZEN, JR.1 The present paper is the second of a series that treats the phylogeny and taxonomy of the larvae belonging to the bee family Anthophoridae. The first (Rozen, 1965a) dealt with the pollen-collecting tribes Eucerini and Centridini of the Anthophorinae. The present study encompasses the following tribes, all of which consist solely of cuckoo bees: Protepeolini, Epeolini, Nomadini, Ammobatini, Holcopasitini, Biastini, and Neolarrini. For reasons presented below, these tribes are believed to represent a monophyletic group, and consequently all are placed in the Nomadinae. It seems likely that the cleptoparasitic tribes Caenoprosopini, Ammoba- toidini, Townsendiellini, Epeoloidini, and Osirini are also members of the subfamily, although their larvae have not as yet been collected. Although the interrelationships of the numerous taxa within the Nomadinae need to be re-evaluated, the tribal concepts used by Michener (1944) are employed here. Adjustments in the classifications will certainly have to be made in the future, however, for Michener (1954) has already indicated, for example, that characters of the adults in the Osirini, the Epeolini, and the Nomadini intergrade. The affinities of the Nomadinae with the other subfamilies of the Antho- phoridae will be discussed in the last paper of the series. Because of char- 1 Curator, Department of Entomology, the American Museum of Natural History. 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO.
    [Show full text]
  • Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera)
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Mi Bee Lab 9-21-1990 Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera) Charles D. Michener University of Kansas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_mi Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Michener, Charles D., "Classification of the Apidae (Hymenoptera)" (1990). Mi. Paper 153. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/bee_lab_mi/153 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Bee Lab at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 4 WWvyvlrWryrXvW-WvWrW^^ I • • •_ ••^«_«).•>.• •.*.« THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCIENC5;^ULLETIN LIBRARY Vol. 54, No. 4, pp. 75-164 Sept. 21,1990 OCT 23 1990 HARVARD Classification of the Apidae^ (Hymenoptera) BY Charles D. Michener'^ Appendix: Trigona genalis Friese, a Hitherto Unplaced New Guinea Species BY Charles D. Michener and Shoichi F. Sakagami'^ CONTENTS Abstract 76 Introduction 76 Terminology and Materials 77 Analysis of Relationships among Apid Subfamilies 79 Key to the Subfamilies of Apidae 84 Subfamily Meliponinae 84 Description, 84; Larva, 85; Nest, 85; Social Behavior, 85; Distribution, 85 Relationships among Meliponine Genera 85 History, 85; Analysis, 86; Biogeography, 96; Behavior, 97; Labial palpi, 99; Wing venation, 99; Male genitalia, 102; Poison glands, 103; Chromosome numbers, 103; Convergence, 104; Classificatory questions, 104 Fossil Meliponinae 105 Meliponorytes,
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Simultaneous Analysis of Morphological and Molecular Data in Hymenoptera
    Towards simultaneous analysis of morphological and molecular data in Hymenoptera JAMES M. CARPENTER &WARD C. WHEELER Accepted 5 January 1999 Carpenter, J. M. & W. C. Wheeler. (1999). Towards simultaneous analysis of molecular and morphological data in Hymenoptera. Ð Zoologica Scripta 28, 251±260. Principles and methods of simultaneous analysis in cladistics are reviewed, and the first, preliminary, analysis of combined molecular and morphological data on higher level relationships in Hymenoptera is presented to exemplify these principles. The morphological data from Ronquist et al. (in press) matrix, derived from the character diagnoses of the phylogenetic tree of Rasnitsyn (1988), are combined with new molecular data for representatives of 10 superfamilies of Hymenoptera by means of optimization alignment. The resulting cladogram supports Apocrita and Aculeata as groups, and the superfamly Chrysidoidea, but not Chalcidoidea, Evanioidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea. James M. Carpenter, Department of Entomology, and Ward C. Wheeler, Department of Invertebrates, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, U SA. E-mail: [email protected] Introduction of consensus techniques to the results of independent Investigation of the higher-level phylogeny of Hymenoptera analysis of multiple data sets, as for example in so-called is at a very early stage. Although cladistic analysis was ®rst `phylogenetic supertrees' (Sanderson et al. 1998), does not applied more than 30 years ago, in an investigation of the measure the strength of evidence supporting results from ovipositor by Oeser (1961), a comprehensive analysis of all the different data sources Ð in addition to other draw- the major lineages remains to be done.
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin Bee Identification Guide
    WisconsinWisconsin BeeBee IdentificationIdentification GuideGuide Developed by Patrick Liesch, Christy Stewart, and Christine Wen Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) The honey bee is perhaps our best-known pollinator. Honey bees are not native to North America and were brought over with early settlers. Honey bees are mid-sized bees (~ ½ inch long) and have brownish bodies with bands of pale hairs on the abdomen. Honey bees are unique with their social behavior, living together year-round as a colony consisting of thousands of individuals. Honey bees forage on a wide variety of plants and their colonies can be useful in agricultural settings for their pollination services. Honey bees are our only bee that produces honey, which they use as a food source for the colony during the winter months. In many cases, the honey bees you encounter may be from a local beekeeper’s hive. Occasionally, wild honey bee colonies can become established in cavities in hollow trees and similar settings. Photo by Christy Stewart Bumble bees (Bombus sp.) Bumble bees are some of our most recognizable bees. They are amongst our largest bees and can be close to 1 inch long, although many species are between ½ inch and ¾ inch long. There are ~20 species of bumble bees in Wisconsin and most have a robust, fuzzy appearance. Bumble bees tend to be very hairy and have black bodies with patches of yellow or orange depending on the species. Bumble bees are a type of social bee Bombus rufocinctus and live in small colonies consisting of dozens to a few hundred workers. Photo by Christy Stewart Their nests tend to be constructed in preexisting underground cavities, such as former chipmunk or rabbit burrows.
    [Show full text]
  • Island Biology Island Biology
    IIssllaanndd bbiioollooggyy Allan Sørensen Allan Timmermann, Ana Maria Martín González Camilla Hansen Camille Kruch Dorte Jensen Eva Grøndahl, Franziska Petra Popko, Grete Fogtmann Jensen, Gudny Asgeirsdottir, Hubertus Heinicke, Jan Nikkelborg, Janne Thirstrup, Karin T. Clausen, Karina Mikkelsen, Katrine Meisner, Kent Olsen, Kristina Boros, Linn Kathrin Øverland, Lucía de la Guardia, Marie S. Hoelgaard, Melissa Wetter Mikkel Sørensen, Morten Ravn Knudsen, Pedro Finamore, Petr Klimes, Rasmus Højer Jensen, Tenna Boye Tine Biedenweg AARHUS UNIVERSITY 2005/ESSAYS IN EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY Teachers: Bodil K. Ehlers, Tanja Ingversen, Dave Parker, MIchael Warrer Larsen, Yoko L. Dupont & Jens M. Olesen 1 C o n t e n t s Atlantic Ocean Islands Faroe Islands Kent Olsen 4 Shetland Islands Janne Thirstrup 10 Svalbard Linn Kathrin Øverland 14 Greenland Eva Grøndahl 18 Azores Tenna Boye 22 St. Helena Pedro Finamore 25 Falkland Islands Kristina Boros 29 Cape Verde Islands Allan Sørensen 32 Tristan da Cunha Rasmus Højer Jensen 36 Mediterranean Islands Corsica Camille Kruch 39 Cyprus Tine Biedenweg 42 Indian Ocean Islands Socotra Mikkel Sørensen 47 Zanzibar Karina Mikkelsen 50 Maldives Allan Timmermann 54 Krakatau Camilla Hansen 57 Bali and Lombok Grete Fogtmann Jensen 61 Pacific Islands New Guinea Lucía de la Guardia 66 2 Solomon Islands Karin T. Clausen 70 New Caledonia Franziska Petra Popko 74 Samoa Morten Ravn Knudsen 77 Tasmania Jan Nikkelborg 81 Fiji Melissa Wetter 84 New Zealand Marie S. Hoelgaard 87 Pitcairn Katrine Meisner 91 Juan Fernandéz Islands Gudny Asgeirsdottir 95 Hawaiian Islands Petr Klimes 97 Galápagos Islands Dorthe Jensen 102 Caribbean Islands Cuba Hubertus Heinicke 107 Dominica Ana Maria Martin Gonzalez 110 Essay localities 3 The Faroe Islands Kent Olsen Introduction The Faroe Islands is a treeless archipelago situated in the heart of the warm North Atlantic Current on the Wyville Thompson Ridge between 61°20’ and 62°24’ N and between 6°15’ and 7°41’ W.
    [Show full text]
  • Assembleias De Abelhas Sob a Perspectiva Funcional
    GABRIEL ANTÔNIO REZENDE DE PAULA ASSEMBLEIAS DE ABELHAS SOB A PERSPECTIVA FUNCIONAL Tese apresentada à Coordenação do programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Área de Concentração em Entomologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas. CURITIBA 2014 i GABRIEL ANTÔNIO REZENDE DE PAULA ASSEMBLEIAS DE ABELHAS SOB A PERSPECTIVA FUNCIONAL Tese apresentada à Coordenação do programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Área de Concentração em Entomologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Gabriel A. R. Melo Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Maurício O. Moura CURITIBA 2014 ii iii “The love of complexity without reductionism makes art; the love of complexity with reductionism makes science.” Edward O. Wilson (“Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge”, 1998) iv APRESENTAÇÃO Prezado leitor, o estudo aqui apresentado não se estrutura no padrão vigente de tese. Antes de tudo, o mesmo compreende um relato do desenvolvimento de um raciocínio, o nascimento de uma ideia e o exercício que fundamentaram as hipóteses e teorias resultantes. Pelo intuito de compreender uma representação simbólica do pensamento, o mesmo não poderia estar organizado na usual estrutura fragmentada, pois o conjunto demonstrou-se fluido e intrincado. Buscou-se demonstrar as origens diversas de um saber que se entrelaçaram e ramificaram gerando novos caminhos. Esse registro tornou-se necessário e não haveria outro espaço para fazê-lo. Desse modo, pede-se ao leitor uma reserva em seu tempo, além de um convite à leitura e à interpretação.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of Insect Color Vision: from Spectral Sensitivity to Visual Ecology
    EN66CH23_vanderKooi ARjats.cls September 16, 2020 15:11 Annual Review of Entomology Evolution of Insect Color Vision: From Spectral Sensitivity to Visual Ecology Casper J. van der Kooi,1 Doekele G. Stavenga,1 Kentaro Arikawa,2 Gregor Belušic,ˇ 3 and Almut Kelber4 1Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, 9700 Groningen, The Netherlands; email: [email protected] 2Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, SOKENDAI Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan 3Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; email: [email protected] 4Lund Vision Group, Department of Biology, University of Lund, 22362 Lund, Sweden; email: [email protected] Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2021. 66:23.1–23.28 Keywords The Annual Review of Entomology is online at photoreceptor, compound eye, pigment, visual pigment, behavior, opsin, ento.annualreviews.org anatomy https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-061720- 071644 Abstract Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2021.66. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Copyright © 2021 by Annual Reviews. Color vision is widespread among insects but varies among species, depend- All rights reserved ing on the spectral sensitivities and interplay of the participating photore- Access provided by University of New South Wales on 09/26/20. For personal use only. ceptors. The spectral sensitivity of a photoreceptor is principally determined by the absorption spectrum of the expressed visual pigment, but it can be modified by various optical and electrophysiological factors. For example, screening and filtering pigments, rhabdom waveguide properties, retinal structure, and neural processing all influence the perceived color signal.
    [Show full text]
  • Polarization Microscopy and Infrared Microspectroscopy of Integument Coverings of Diapausing Larvae in Two Distantly Related Nonsocial Bees
    Microscopy and Microanalysis (2018), 24,75–81 doi:10.1017/S1431927618000053 Micrographia Polarization Microscopy and Infrared Microspectroscopy of Integument Coverings of Diapausing Larvae in Two Distantly Related Nonsocial Bees Maria Luiza S. Mello1, Benedicto de Campos Vidal1 and Jerome G. Rozen, Jr.2 1Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil and 2Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, 79th St., New York, NY 10024, USA Abstract The larvae of the two distantly related nonsocial bees Ericrocis lata (Apidae) and Hesperapis (Carinapis) rhodocerata (Melittidae), which develop mostly under arid desert areas of North America, and that differ in that they either spin (E. lata) or do not spin (H. rhodocerata) protective cocoons before entering diapause, produce transparent films that cover the larval integument. To understand the nature of these films, their responses to topochemical tests and their characteristics when examined with fluorescence and high-performance polarization microscopy and microspectroscopy were studied. A positive staining by Sudan black B, birefringence of negative sign, and a Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectrum typical of lipids were detected for the integument covering of both species. The FT-IR signature, particularly, suggests a wax chemical composition for these lipid coverings, resembling the waxes that are used as construction materials in the honey cells produced by social bees. Considering the arid environmental conditions under which these larvae develop, we hypothesize that their covering films may have evolved as protection against water depletion. This hypothesis seems especially appropriate for H. rhodocerata larvae, which are capable of undergoing a long diapause period in the absence of a protective cocoon.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of the Corbiculate Bee Tribes Based on 12 Nuclear Protein-Coding Genes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae) Atsushi Kawakita, John S
    Phylogenetic analysis of the corbiculate bee tribes based on 12 nuclear protein-coding genes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae) Atsushi Kawakita, John S. Ascher, Teiji Sota, Makoto Kato, David W. Roubik To cite this version: Atsushi Kawakita, John S. Ascher, Teiji Sota, Makoto Kato, David W. Roubik. Phylogenetic anal- ysis of the corbiculate bee tribes based on 12 nuclear protein-coding genes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae). Apidologie, Springer Verlag, 2008, 39 (1), pp.163-175. hal-00891935 HAL Id: hal-00891935 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00891935 Submitted on 1 Jan 2008 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Apidologie 39 (2008) 163–175 Available online at: c INRA/DIB-AGIB/ EDP Sciences, 2008 www.apidologie.org DOI: 10.1051/apido:2007046 Original article Phylogenetic analysis of the corbiculate bee tribes based on 12 nuclear protein-coding genes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae)* Atsushi Kawakita1, John S. Ascher2, Teiji Sota3,MakotoKato 1, David W. Roubik4 1 Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 2 Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA 3 Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 4 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama Received 2 July 2007 – Revised 3 October 2007 – Accepted 3 October 2007 Abstract – The corbiculate bees comprise four tribes, the advanced eusocial Apini and Meliponini, the primitively eusocial Bombini, and the solitary or communal Euglossini.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.CLEPTOPARASITE BEES, with EMPHASIS on THE
    Acta Biológica Colombiana ISSN: 0120-548X [email protected] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá Colombia ALVES-DOS-SANTOS, ISABEL CLEPTOPARASITE BEES, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE OILBEES HOSTS Acta Biológica Colombiana, vol. 14, núm. 2, 2009, pp. 107-113 Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá Bogotá, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=319027883009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Acta biol. Colomb., Vol. 14 No. 2, 2009 107 - 114 CLEPTOPARASITE BEES, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE OILBEES HOSTS Abejas cleptoparásitas, con énfasis en las abejas hospederas coletoras de aceite ISABEL ALVES-DOS-SANTOS1, Ph. D. 1Departamento de Ecologia, IBUSP. Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 321, trav 14. São Paulo 05508-900 Brazil. [email protected] Presentado 1 de noviembre de 2008, aceptado 1 de febrero de 2009, correcciones 7 de julio de 2009. ABSTRACT Cleptoparasite bees lay their eggs inside nests constructed by other bee species and the larvae feed on pollen provided by the host, in this case, solitary bees. The cleptoparasite (adult and larvae) show many morphological and behavior adaptations to this life style. In this paper I present some data on the cleptoparasite bees whose hosts are bees specialized to collect floral oil. Key words: solitary bee, interspecific interaction, parasitic strategies, hospicidal larvae. RESUMEN Las abejas Cleptoparásitas depositan sus huevos en nidos construídos por otras especies de abejas y las larvas se alimentan del polen que proveen las hospederas, en este caso, abejas solitarias.
    [Show full text]
  • Decades of Native Bee Biodiversity Surveys at Pinnacles National Park Highlight the Importance of Monitoring Natural Areas Over Time
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All PIRU Publications Pollinating Insects Research Unit 1-17-2019 Decades of Native Bee Biodiversity Surveys at Pinnacles National Park Highlight the Importance of Monitoring Natural Areas Over Time Joan M. Meiners University of Florida Terry L. Griswold Utah State University Olivia Messinger Carril Independent Researcher Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/piru_pubs Part of the Life Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Meiners JM, Griswold TL, Carril OM (2019) Decades of native bee biodiversity surveys at Pinnacles National Park highlight the importance of monitoring natural areas over time. PLoS ONE 14(1): e0207566. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0207566 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Pollinating Insects Research Unit at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All PIRU Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RESEARCH ARTICLE Decades of native bee biodiversity surveys at Pinnacles National Park highlight the importance of monitoring natural areas over time 1 2 3 Joan M. MeinersID *, Terry L. Griswold , Olivia Messinger Carril 1 School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of a1111111111 America, 2 USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects Research Unit (PIRU), Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America, 3 Independent Researcher, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Thousands of species of bees are in global decline, yet research addressing the ecology OPEN ACCESS and status of these wild pollinators lags far behind work being done to address similar impacts on the managed honey bee.
    [Show full text]