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INTRODUCTION of MS DOS-Converted.Pdf TITLE OF CONTENTS MICROSOFT DISK OPERATING SYSTEM BY : PANKAJ KUMAR MS DOS stands for Microsoft Disk Operating System which is an operating system for X- 86 personal computers . It is a Command Line based system where all commands entered in the text form and there is no graphical user Interface. It is a single user operating system. Ms DOS was originally written by Tim Paterson and introduced by Microsoft in August 1981. It takes commands from the keyboard and interprets them. It shows all the files in the system. It creates new files and allots space for programme. It changes the name of a file in place of old name. It copies information in a floppy. It helps in locating a file. It searchers where the file is located in the disk. If we want the information in the file to be printed, it gives printout of the information. It hides the files and directories so as not to be seen by others. It permanently removes the file. There are two types of commands 1. INTERNAL COMMAND 2. EXTERNAL COMMAND These commands enter into the computer memory during computer booting. These commands are not in the form of any file; so neither they can be viewed nor can be edited or detected. The command available are all combined together and are stored in Command.com file, which is a executable command file. Example of internal commands are : MD, CLS, DIR, REN, DATE , TIME etc. These commands are stored in the computer list in the form of files. These Commands can be viewed, copied, changed or deleted. with the external commands, each of the commands are their own separate file. External commands are known as Disk residence commands. Because they can be store with DOS directory or any disk which is used for getting these commands. Examples of external commands are : Sort , Find, Attrib , Diskcopy ,Xcopy , Sort etc. It is a location to store files into hierarichal sturucture , In other word we can say that it is a container which is used to organize folder and files in hierarchical structure. examples of hierarchical structure are : Root Directory Directory Directory Files Files Files Files It is a collections of matter or information on a particular topic . Every filename have a file name which helps to recognize them and these are divided in two parts. 1. File name or Primary Name 2. Extensions or Secondary Name • The maximum number of character can be hold by primary are 8 characters and the extension contains 3 character long. .EXE : Executable files .COM : Command files .SYS : System files .BAT : Batch files .TXT : Text files NOTE : BMP, JPG, etc. is used in the extension of Graphical user interface. To execute commands we type command in command prompt and for open command prompt follow these steps : Step 1. press windows button + R for Run option. Step 2. Type CMD or Command in Search box and finally press ok button. Step 3. Your command prompt will be open where you can execute commands after type. Your command prompt will be open which is shown in the figure below :- Path 1. CLS : To clear screen 2. CD : To change directory 3. REN : To change the name of files or folders 4. MD : To create New Directories 5. Copy : To copy of the file 6. Xcopy : To copy of the file and directory both 7. Rem : To add remarks 8. DIR : To display the contents of directory 9. Append : To displays the current search path 10. Date : To displays the system date 11. Del : To delete one or more files 12. RD : To remove an empty directory 13. Type : To see the contents of file 14. Deltree : To delete empty and non empty directory 15. Edit : To create , modify and display the text files 16. Find : To search word or text from the file 17. Exit : To quit from DOS 18. Fc : To compare Two files 19. Type con : To add matter in our saved file 20. Copy con : To create a file Use of MD command for Create a folder ,CD command for change the directory and also use of Copy con command for create a file. Ctrl + z or F6 is used to save the file or end of the file. USES OF DIR and REN Command Ren old name new name.
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