Volume XXI No. 11 November, 1966 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE

ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN CREAT BRITAIN

f^obert Weltsch between God and the animal. He cannot reach Heaven, but he can reach for Heaven. He can listen to the voice and give an answer. Para­ phrasing Descartes' famous formula, Heschel LOOKING BACK AT LEO BAECK arrives at the conclusion " I am commanded— therefore I am ". The Bible gives us the key to anthropology when it describes the position Ten Years after his Death of Man. Heschel goes so far as to say that the Bible " is not a book about God; it is a book On November 2 it will be ten years since Leo 'twenties and 'thirties in Germany, have been about Man ". °aeck passed away. How do we see him now ? published in English posthumously after the Twenty years earlier, Leo Baeck described Among those Jews from Germany who had war. One selection"" appeared in New York in Man as the individuum ineffabile, and it is oine to England as refugees from Nazi perse­ 1958, as a publication of the Leo Baeck Insti­ gratifying that this great speech—one of his cution and had settled here, Leo Baeck was tute, introduced by Walter Kaufmann, one of noblest pronouncements—has now been re­ 5°nsidered, in the first post-war decade, the Baeck's disciples who himself gave a fascinat­ published in the original German. It is ™st distinguished member of their commun- ing account of his religious tribulations. included in a collection of four lectures given .y- Now a generation is growing up who knew More recently, another collection (only at various times at the Eranos Conferences in ^m only slightly or heard of him from their slightly overlapping with the above-mentioned) Ascona after the war.** Baeck's lecture was Parents and elders, for whom his tall, kind, was published as a paperbackf with an given in 1947, shortly after his release from ignified figure is still a vivid memory. Indeed. interesting critical introduction by a promi­ Theresienstadt. We may regard it as a plea eo Baeck's personality is so near to the sur­ nent Christian theologian, Kristen Stendahl, of for the restoration of the dignity of Man after viving elder generation of German-speaking Harvard. Both these books contain essays the insults which the human image had suf­ ews all over the world that his image, closely originally included in Biteck's "Aus Drei fered at the hands of Fascism. In his oneness inked with the most frightful period in Jahrtausenden ", and both mention the annoy­ and totality man is uninterchangeable, Baeck ^rman-Jewish history, is crammed with ing fact that this book, printed and ready for argues, and no power is entitled to destroy his ^Hiotions. His thought and philosophy, how- distribution by Schocken Verlag, Berlin, 1938, individuality and to replace it by some ideo­ er, will provide material for scholarly dis- was at the last moment destroyed by the logical dummy. As Baeck says in his—actually ussions for a long time to come, and so will Gestapo so that only a few copies survived. It untranslatable—language : " Ein Individuelles ™s historical role in public life. is, however, surprising that the—^unnamed— wird hier geschaffen, das heisst etwas, was ein ^j. J* his profound devoutness Baeck was aware editor of a 1966 paperback omitted to add that Einmaliges and darum ein Unerklarliches ist, the implications of the modern world and a new edition of the original book was pub­ etwas, was, so sagt die Religion, seine Wurzel the new trends in science and thought; he lished in 1958 by the Leo Baeck Institute.J im Geheimnis hat, seinen Zusammenhang besitzt mit dem Geiste alles Geistes, mit dem fa ^* ^^^^ ^° ^°°^ ^^^ come from ignoring Moreover, it may be regretted that the juj ?^.3nd that sincerity requires independent American editor did not envisage the possi­ Urgrund aller Einheit und Ganzheit." The inking. He was a nonconformist in search bility of including Hans Liebeschiitz's master­ editor of the little book, Walter Strolz, sum­ ^ a living religion, not subject to fetters of ful introduction to the new German edition. marizes the teaching of Baeck in the formula ^ gnia or frozen formulas. Primarily, he was This would have given the American reader that Man is the only creature able to give a Se V'nble man, dedicated to learning and an essential explanation of the German intel­ response to his Creator and to give expression eicing truth, and we have to understand that lectual and philosophical background of to his experience of the mystery of the world. g , ^"bstitute political activity for study and Baeck's writings. But recognising the irreplaceable unique­ ^larship was to him a personal sacrifice. ness of the individual does not imply atomisa­ «is scholarly interest was never remote Religious Anthropology tion. Man is einmalig, an individuum with his ^ °in the perplexities of actual life, and so he own irrepeatable character, but he does not cease to be part of society and to have his gj^o visualised the Jew in his European In politics as well as in leligion Baeck was {t J'^°nment. There was no sense in denying duties towards his fellow-men. The Jewish conscious of the fundamental task of probing community faces God as a whole, in addition ei^ y^ ^i^^"^ in ^ Christian world and, since the meaning of man and society. Such anthro­ ^•^ancipation, in closer contact than ever. pology has a religious origin. The quest for to the spiritual and religious entanglements ^ Part from fundamental theological questions, the essential nature of Man, indispensable in of each single man. Practically freedom can Jurt °^ Baeck's concems was the position of all true political philosophy, is common to all be realised only within the community. Man ^j^^'sm in history, and the understanding of religions. It is a never-ending endeavour, in has to live up to the social duties imposed on ^ fateful events, shrouded in mystery, which a metaphysical sense doomed to ultimate him by the relationship to his neighbour. evol ^^*^ical historical constellation led to the failure, as it is not given to human beings to Baeck proved himself as a man of the com­ J. ,.^Vtion of a new and increasingly powerful unravel such a mystery. But the question is munity, and did not shun the burden of office. ^jV^'ons trend out of the womb of Judaism, always asked anew. A prominent Jewish Ever since the First World War, Baeck's tn which Judaism had to co-exist throughout religious thinker of our day, Professor importance in German-Jewish society stemmed v/h' t^^^- '^his was a momentous encounter Abraham Heschel, of the Jewish Theological to no small extent from his non-conformism to h ^^^ ^^^ ceased to bring forth problem.s Seminary in New York, calls his recent book and the independence of his thinking. This rip i^ ^^^^s np to the present day. Baeek " Who is Man ? ".§ It is an old saying that enabled him to play a leading role in the "^voted much effort to the elucidation of the man is a being between earth and Heaven, parochial complications of so-called Jewish t?^^£gence of Christianity, the true nature of politics of that time. Jewish life in the twen­ * Judaism and Christianity. Essays by Leo Baeclc. tieth century was marked by excessive politisa- ne Pharisees, and the exegesis of the Gospels Translated witli an Introduction by Walter Kaufmann. hi ^ '"elisions document belonging to Jewish A publication of tlie Leo Baeck Institute, New York, tion. Baeck was a man who fully appreciated 1958. (Jewisii Publication Society of America). the difference of " Weltanschauung", but he 292 pp. $4.00. t^^ter Baeck's death, these studies continue t Leo Baeck: The Pharisees and other Essays. stood top-high above the—often unreal—rigid Introduction by Krister Stendhal. Schocken Books, party lines and political obstinacy which split attract the interest of wide circles in all New York, 1966. 164 pp. $1.95. ropean and American religious camps, which t Leo Baeck : Ans Drei Jahrtansenden. Wissen­ the Jewish camp. Far from being neutral or schaftliche Untersuchungen und Abhandlungen zur Cjf^'^^ the relationship between Jev/s and Geschichte des .iuedischen Glaubens. Mit einer *• Gibt es Grenzen der Naturforschung ? Eranos i '"'^tians as one of the principal spiritual Einfuehrung von Hans Liebeschuetz. Mohr Tuebingen, Reden von Leo Baeck u.a., in Herder Buecherei 253, ^sues of our time. It is significant that his 1958. 402 pp. DM21. Freiburg, 1966. DM2.80. § Abraham J. Heschel : Who is Man ? Oxford itings on this subject, stemming from the University Press, 1966. 119 pp. 25s. Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION November, 1966

Looking Back at Leo Baeck VERFOLGTE AUS OESTERREICH SHADOWS OF THE PAST

Continued from page 1 In einer kuerzlich im " Aufbau" EICHMANN AIDES veroeffentlichten Zuschrift wurde die Franz Rademacher, an aide of Adolf Ejch' colourless, he was a man of principles and Auffassung vertreten, dass auf Grund einer mann, was rearrested by West German police faithful to his conviction, but he had a sense Entscheidung des Oberlandesgerichts Zwei­ when he flew into Nuremberg. He was senj of proportion and sought unity above all the bruecken Verfolgte aus Oesterreich tenced to three years and five niontns differences. Although playing a certain role Ansprueche nach Par. 150 ff BEG (Ver­ imprisonment by a Nuremberg court in 193^ in the councils of Jewish organisations—such folgte aus den Vertreibungsgebieten) and released pending an appeal, thereafter as the Centralverein—where he was highly geltend machen koennten. Die Entscheidung escaping. Flying from Beirut, Lebanon, IOB wird nur auszugsweise zitiert und laesst den diverted his aircraft to Nuremberg where respected, he followed his own conscience and police awaited him. , knowledge. To some extent he was regarded ihr zugrunde liegenden Tatbestand nicht Franz Novak, one of Adolf Eichmann s as a representative and mouthpiece of the hinreichend erkennen. closest accomplices in the deportation of Hun­ respectable bourgeois community, to whom he Wir werden darauf aufmerksam gemacht, garian Jews to the gas chambers, was retriea preached and officiated as a rabbi; actually, he dass auch nach der Neufassung des BEG in Vienna after the High Court had reduced nis was critical of the prevalent mentality of those durch das sogonannte Schlussgesetz sentence to eight years imprisonment in 19"^ circles which in their illusionary feeling of Antraege auf Grund des Par. 150 BEG nur Incomprehensibly he was acquitted, but an security, and relying on their material success, von Verfolgten aus den Vertreibungsge­ appeal to the Austrian Supreme Court has inclined to ignore the fundamental human and been lodged bv the prosecution. Pending, tne bieten gestellt werden koennen, d.h.aus appeal, Novafe was released from Pi"]^""' Jewish problems. No Jewish party could claim Laendern (z.B. Czechoslovakei), aus Numerous protests have been received from him for itself. As far as basic Jewish con­ welchen die deutschsprachige Bevoelkerung Austrian and foreign organisations. troversies were concerned, Baeck accepted the bei Kriegsende vertrieben worden ist. " national " fundament of Judaism, though not Oesterreich gehoert nicht zu den Vertrei­ ILSE KOCH in a modern political sense. He was aware of bungsgebieten. Es kann sich also nur darum Tass, the ofiicial Russian news agency, the Jewish uniqueness which defies easy-going handeln, ob Verfolgte oesterreichischer alleges that the Bavarian Ministry of Jnstice definitions. He had an open mind and warm Staatsangehoerigkeit, welche nicht in is preparing an amnesty for Ilse Koch. T"^ sympathy with regard to what in the 'twenties Oesterreich, sondem in einem Land notorious widow of the commander of Bucnen- was called " the upbuilding of Palestine". gewohnt haben, aus dem die deutsche wald concentration camp was sentenced to liie though he kept a distance from Zionism and Bevoelkerung nach Kriegsende vertrieben imprisonment in 1951. The Soviet niaga- preferred the role of a non-Zionist advocate of worden ist, nach Par. 150 BEG die im BEG zine " New Times " also claimed that she naa practical work within the enlarged Jewish emigrated to Australia with her son. angegebenen beschraenkten Entschaedi­ The Ministry denied that Koch had been Agency constituted in 1929. Faced with the gungsansprueche stellen koennen, obwohl pardoned or allowed to emigrate to Australia- complexity of the Jewish situation, Baeck nach der Neufassung des BEG in dem mit It was making a routine examination of ner refused to be caught in the current simplifica­ Wirkung ab 18.9.1965 in Kraft gesetzten clemency petitions. tions of both assimilationist and Zionist ideolo­ Par. 166c jetzt bestimmt ist, dass fruehere gies. He fully understood that the Jews have oesterreichische Staatsangehoerige, auch NAZI POLICE CHARGED to integrate themselves into the nation with wenn sie in einem Vertreibungsgebiet Former members of No. 316 Nazi police which they live, and he believed that in Ger­ gewohnt haben und aus diesem ausgewan­ battalion, which served in Russia and Poi^'J„ many this process had resulted and—so it dert sind, zu den nach Par. 150 ff. BEG den during the Second World War, are expected to seemed in the golden 'twenties—would con­ Verfolgten aus den Vertreibungsgebieten be tried in Bochum at the end of the year- tinue to result in an astounding productivity in zusteb enden Anspruechen nicht berechtigt Former police major Hermann Kraiker, Otto many fields. At the same time he was far from sein sollen. Petersen and eight others, are charged witn underrating the risks and predicaments complicity in the mass murder of Jews at Fruehere Oesterreicher, welche in Bialystok, Baranowice, Mohilev and BobruysK- involved in this course. So it happened that Oesterreich gewohnt haben und dort ver­ in 1933 Leo Baeck appeared as the natural and folgt wurden, koennen weder nach dem SPEER AND VON SCHIRACH RELEASED instinctive choice to head an all-party Jewish BEG alter Fassung noch nach dem Schluss­ organisation, with the mandate to represent Albert Speer, the Nazi Armaments Minister, gesetz Ansprueche auf Grund der deutschen and Baldur Von Schirach, leader of the Hitler German Jewry in an unprecedented hour of Entschaedigungsgesetze geltend machen. Youth and Nazi Governor of Vienna, have been destiny before the government which the Ger­ freed from Spandau gaol, after completing man people at that time, as a shock to all their 20-year sentences for war crimes. , Jews and to many Germans, had been pleased Herr Brandt, the West Berlin Mayor ano to give itself. leader of West Germany's Social Democrat WITNESSES "INTIMIDATED" Party, sent flowers to Speer's daughter, Di- When he joined his daughter and his son- Hilde Schramm. in-law—both, alas, now deceased—in London The Central Council of Jews in Germany has A group of young West German Socialists after the war, he was a great comfort to the criticised attempts by defence lawyers to have denounced the proposed publication "t Jewish refugee camp. It was only natural that intimidate Jewish witnesses giving evidence Von Schirach's memoirs, for which it is reporteo he became the first president of the newly against their clients in West German war that he is to be paid £45,000 by a German formed Council of Jews from Germany. crimes trials. The Stanislav trial in Muenster, magazine. Von Schirach had been responsible Besides returning to learning immediately, stated the council, clearly demonstrated that for the " murderous indoctrination of German and always worried about the scarce possi­ " the tactics of the defence consist of the youth in the criminal goals of Nazi Germany > intimidation of the witnesses in an attempt said the Young Socialist Alliance. " His filthy bilities of transmitting our spiritual heritage to render them uncertain, fearful and memoirs and the money they brought could be to the next generation, he never ceased to nervous". The law was being impaired by of no value to anyone". think of those in need. With the strength of this situation and many witnesses were now Now only Rudolf Hess, Hitler's former his authority he assisted the efforts to secure considering whether they should expose them­ deputy, remains in the gaol for 700 inmates. material restitution from Germany. He also selves to such " defamatory attacks". The Four-Power talks are to start in Berlin on tne forcefully fought for the rights of the remnants council declared that in these circumstances future of Spandau Prison and its sole remain­ of German Jewry, which were in danger of it was imperative that co-plaintiff lawyers ing inmate. Hess has been in gaol since he being forgotten even where specific concerns should be appointed to protect witnesses. landed in Britain in 1941. of the one-time German-Jewish community were involved. In the short time of his remaining life in London—ten years only—in the very troubled Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. post-war conditions, he rose to a respected, and indeed revered, position among Jews and Bankers non-Jews. Some important institutions in London, bearing his name, signify the grati­ BASILDON HOUSE, 7-11 MOORGATE, E.C.2 tude of his German-Jewish community. In their variety they express, on the one hand, Telephone: METropolitan 8151 his compassion for the aged and lonely ones, Representing: on the other hand his desire that Jewish learn­ ing should continue, and that the history and 1. L FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD. FEUCHTWANGER CORPORA-nON the achievements of German-speaking Jewry and of the unique period of German-Jewish TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA 60 EAST 42nd ST., NEW YORK, 17, N.Y. cultural co-operation should be preserved. AJR INFORMATION November, 1966 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLOJUDAICA Army Chaplain Retires RACE ACT "INADEQUATE" HOME OFFICE APPOINTMENTS The Rev. Dr. Isaac Levy has retired as senior There was mounting evidence that the Race The Home Office has appointed Mr. Louis Jewish chaplain to H.M. Forces, which post he Relations Act is inadequate, said Mr. Maurice Blom-Cooper, writer and barrister, to the new held since 1948. He was the first minister to Foley, Minister with special responsibility for advisory council on the penal system. Others volunteer for active service in the Second Commonwealth immigrants, during a visit to appointed include Mr. Leo Abse, M.P., Pro­ World War. The Rev. Cyril Harris, of Kenton, Manchester. fessor Marie Jahoda, Lady Rothschild and Mrs. succeeds Dr. Levy. Certain organisations and elements had B. Serota. The council will make recommen­ found means of getting round that section of dations on crime prevention and the treatment German-born Cantor the Act which dealt with incitement to racial of offenders. Mr. Henry Danziger has been appointed hatred. Criticisms of the Act should be directed cantor of the North London Progressive Syna­ more to the Government than to the newly ABBEY CELEBRATIONS gogue in succession to the Rev. Ernst Lewan­ appointed Race Relations Board. The import­ As part of the 900th anniversary celebra­ dowski, who has retired. The son of Cantor ance of the " vociferous racialist minority" tions, an inter-denominational service for volun­ Samuel Danziger, of Neustadt, Mr. Danziger had been exaggerated, said Mr. Foley. It tary organisations was held at Westminster was educated at the Jewish High School in represented little and was no more than an Abbey. Lady Henriques was invited by the Breslau and at Hoffmann's Yeshiva in irritant. Dean and Chapter of Westminster Abbey to Frankfurt-am-Main. He served in the British read a chapter from the Bible. As a gesture Army and the Jewish Brigade during the war. SHEFFIELD COMMUNITY RELATIONS to Lady Henriques and to Jewish organisations, For many seasons he has appeared at the COMMITTEE the service was changed to a Sunday instead Glyndebourne Festival Opera and has partici­ of a Saturday. pated in the St. Pancras arts festival and at A new committee known as the Sheffield the international festival in Ireland. Committee for Community Relations has been It is believed to be the first time that a Jew set up in Sheffield, to promote racial inte­ or Jewess has been invited to participate gration. It will include members of the City actively in a service at the Abbey. Lady Ajex News Council, West Indian and Pakistani associa­ Henriques was invited in a personal capacity, The annual memorial service for those who tions, social service and W.V.S. groups, although she is connected with several volun­ died in the two world wars was held by the chambers of commerce and trade and similar tary organisations. Cardiff Association of Jewish Ex-Service Men organisations. The first chairman of the com- and Women at the cemetery of the Cardiff iJiittee is Alderman Isidore Lewis, a former YOUNG GERMANS IN LONDON United Synagogue. Southend Ajex annual Lord Mayor of Sheffield. service was held at the Ajex Memorial in the Eighteen West German youngsters paid a Stock Road cemetery. In his address Rabbi P. "NAZISM IS A RELIGION" fortnight's visit to London under the auspices Shebson said that it was the duty of every Ajex of the youth section of the World Union for Mr. Simon Wiesenthal, former head of the member not only to remember the glories and Progressive Judaism. The group, who received tragedies of the past, but to be forever vigilant Jewish Historical Documentation Centre in a warm welcome, were accommodated in the Vienna, addressed Club 43 in London. Intro­ and aware that, through the present economic homes of members of the South-West Essex crisis, antisemitic elements were again becom­ ducing the speaker, Mr. Hans Jaeger said that Reform Synagogue. Mr. Wiesenthal gave up his profession of ing more active. architect in 1945 to devote himself to the dis­ Their programme included lectures and At this year's Ajex rally and reunion, to be seminars on Jewish history and religion. At a held at the Odeon Theatre, Hammersmith, on covery of Nazi criminals. symposium the Rev. Leslie Hardman, of the Mr. Wiesenthal. speaking in German, said November 20, Israel's beauty queen will make Hendon Synagogue, who previously expressed a personal appearance. that, with the help of some small private finan- reservations about the visit, urged them to cial assistance, he traced Nazi criminals and prove the sincerity of their feelings by actively collected documentary evidence of their Hendon Magen David Adom Committee crimes, which he then handed over to the fighting neo-Nazism. competent authorities for action. Although a Pastor Dieter Schoeneich, aged 35, who is A meeting was held in Hendon to inaugurate Private organisation, it received the co-opera­ leading the group, told a Jewish Chronicle the local committee of the British Friends of tion of the Austrian authorities. reporter that when he was at school between Magen David Adom. The gift of an ambulance 1945 and 1950, there had not been a single by Mr. and Mrs. H. Van Vlyman, in memory of There was no such thing as a " former Nazi", lesson about the massacre of Jews by the Mrs. Vera Weizmann, president of the organisa­ said Mr. Wiesenthal. " A man may change his Nazis. This was the general situation, but party but not his religion, and Nazism is a tion until her death, was announced at the religion as much as a political movement." there were exceptions. His wife, who lived in meeting. The Nazi danger was by no means past and he East Berlin at that time, was told about the The work of the British Friends, which con­ Was disappointed that so few Jews had joined Holocaust in school. In his view most parents centrates on buying ambulances and medical in the work of discovery. The Nazis were well are deeply ashamed of what happened to the equipment for Magen David Adom, was out­ organised and had ample funds. Many hidden Jews and try to keep quiet about it, particu­ lined. Most of the 260 ambulances at present Nazis were now living in Argentina, Spain, larly in front of their children. owned by the State of Israel have been pre­ South Africa and the Middle East. A Nazi There were few Jews now in West Germany sented by the Friends. but, in the past few years, he and members of elite " organisation existed, whose object was his church's youth group have met Jews and Official Appointments to take advantage of any crisis or troubles. have constant contact with a Jewish youth group in West Germany. The idea behind the Judge Clifford Cohen, a county court judge NATIONAL YOUTH LEAGUE visit was not only to learn about Jewish life of the North Yorkshire and South Durham district, has been appointed chairman of .^A youth movement, called the National but to show the Jewish community in England the new face of Germany.—(J.C.) Durham Quarter Sessions. In the Second Youth League, for young people between the World War he won the M.C. for gallantry and ages of ten and 21, denies fascist allegiance or was a prisoner-of-war in Germany for five antisemitic views. Its president is Major years. general Richard Hilton, who is also vice-presi­ Your House for :— dent of the British National Party and who, in Dr. Nathaniel Lichfield, the planning and 1957, wrote a book, " The Thirteenth Power ", CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO, economics consultant, has been appointed to •containing references to the Jews. the newly created Chair in the Economics of UPHOLSTERY Town Planning at London University. He has The movement's bulletin, "The Bugler", also been installed as president of the Town *as formerly the organ of British National Planning Institute. Youth, once stated to be the youth organisation SPECIALITY of Colin Jordan's National Socialist Movement, Youth Seminar tt is reported that articles which appeared in a CONTINENTAL DOWN ^opy of the journal sold by young children on The Reform Synagogues of Great Britain the streets claimed the National Youth League Summer Holiday, held at Farnham, Surrey, and the League of Empire Loyalists were work- QUILTS I was attended by 90 youngsters aged from 13 ^iig " in happy conjunction" for patriotism. to 17. Participants came from Reform syna­ ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS gogues all over the country, with a few from SABBATH-FREE EMPLOYMENT France, Germany and Sweden. The programme ESTIMATES FREE The Sabbath Observance Employment Bureau included a seminar with lectures on " The during 1965 interviewed 1,071 applicants Bible ", " The Synagogue ". " Judaism in the and filled 412 situations. Vacancies notified by DAWSON-LANE LIMITED Home" and general Jewish topics. The employers were as high as ever, particularly in youngsters officiated at the daily and Sabbath the secretarial and clerical fields, although the ]1 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK services. nuTviber of applicants for assistance in finding Graduates for Israel *>abbath-free employment was fewer than in Telephone : ARN. 6671 previous years. The bureau makes no charge Personal attention ot Mr. W. Stiackman. Nineteen Jewish graduates from 13 univer­ tor placing an applicant, but employers often sities in Britain have gone to Israel to work give a voluntary donation. and study for a year. Page 4 AJB INFORMATION November, 1966

ARGENTINA NOT ANTISEMITIC NEWS FROM ABROAD President Ongania of Argentina has told the secretary of the Israeli Journalists' Associa­ UNITED STATES EASTERN JEWRY tion that the Argentine Government is absolutely free of anti-Jewish sentiment. He Johnson Appointment Emigration Increase described as " barbarous " any suggestion that the new regime is anti-semitic. Admitting Professor Eugene Rostow, of Yale Univer­ A number of American newspapers, quoting the possibility of some isolated and irrespon­ sity, is to be Under-Secretary for Economic an agency message from Moscow, report a sible acts of antisemitism, he said these Affairs in the Johnson Administration. His " dramatic increase " in the number of Soviet involved neither the Government nor the brother, Mr. Walt Rostow, was former chair­ citizens being allowed to join relatives abroad, people. man of the State Department's policy planning including Israel. Perhaps the largest group, The terms of a Rosh Hashana message council and is now a special assistant for some 1,000 Soviet citizens a year, has gone to addressed by the President to Daia, the national security affairs to President Johnson. Israel, states the report. Those permitted to leave are mostly older people and, it is representative Jewish organisation, have given stressed, the number allowed to leave is rela­ considerable satisfaction to the Jewish com­ Vietnam War tively small compared to the number of those munity. The message, .widely quoted in the A delegation from the Jewish War Veterans eligible for exit permits or awaiting them. national press, paid tribute to the Jewish of America visited President Johnson at the The Soviet authorities themselves have dis­ contribution to the country in all fields, stating White House. According to a despatch from the closed no emigration figures and the fact is there was a place of honour for Jews in the Washington correspondent of the Jewish "Tele­ established through applications for exit visas common reconstruction of the country. starting with relatives living abroad. graphic Agency, Mr. Johnson was described In a meeting with the Israeli Foreign by Mr. Malcolm Tarlov, national commander Minister, Mr. Abba Eban, Argentina's Foreign of the J.W.V., as being disturbed by the lack of Israel Accused Minister himself raised the question ot support for the Vietnam war in the American Argentine Jews, declaring that his Government Jewish community at a time when he is taking The Soviet Government has for the second was determined to give them the fullest free­ new steps to aid Israel. He was also described time cancelled the exchange of visits which dom and equality. Senor Mendez urged com­ as praising the J.W.V. for their backing of his was to have taken place between the Israel pletion of the arrangements for President policies and as saying that it was "incumbent Philharmonic Orchestra and the Moscow State Shazar to make his promised visit to Argentina on other major Jewish organisations" to Orchestra. and, according to an Israeli spokesman, gave "re-evaluate" their position on the subject. Mr. The reason given is that an anti-Soviet cam­ the " most emphatic assurances " of continued Johnson was also reported to have said that paign is being conducted in Israel in connection support for Israel. He expressed regret to Jews who seek U.S.A. support for coreligion­ with the problems of the Jews of the U.S.S.R. Mr. Eban over the publication abroad of ' a ists in Russia and for Israel should vigorously Political circles in Jerusalem state that the false picture" of Argentina's attitude toward identify themselves with Administration Soviet charges have no validity. They point the Jews. actions in Vietnam. out that during the past few months a propa­ ganda campaign has been waged in the Soviet SOUTH AFRICAN JEWS "ATTRACTED Communists Woo Jews Union against Israel and Jewish organisations in various parts of the world, and that the aim TO COMMUNISM" According to the information service of the of the campaign is to sever Soviet Jewry's Major-General Hendrik van den Bergh, American Jewish Committee, the United States links with Jewish tradition, both on the South Africa's security police chief, was Communist Party, for the first time in 20 years, cultural and the religious levels. reported to have told an anti-Communist sym­ is again following a " united front" policy and posium in Pretoria that Jews are attracted to is instructing party members to recruit among Italian Publication Communism because this was the highest form Jewish organisations. The A.J.C. says that it of capitalism. The chairman of the symposium was proposed at the party's 18th national con­ " The Jews in the U.S.S.R." has been pub­ was Dr. Jacobus Vorster, brother of the new vention to call a national conference " on work lished in Rome. Signor Umberto Terracini, Prime Minister. among the Jewish people and the fight against the Italian-Jewish Senator and a leading Com­ antisemitism." A draft resolution for the con­ munist, has contributed the foreword. Therein The chairman of the South African Zionist ference, to be held this month, states that the he states that the " present condition of Jewish Federation, Mr. E. J. Horwitz, referred to the United States Communist Party, although collectivity in the Soviet Union . . . represents remarks as " deplorable and offensive ". opposed to Zionism, will tolerate sympathy for ... a contradictory and negative moment of Israel as a haven for homeless Jews and will that civilisation ". INDIAN PRIME MINISTER VISITS defend Israel's right to existence. The resolu­ Speaking at a reception in Rome to mark the SYNAGOGUE tion dismisses charges of Soviet antisemitism publication of the book. Senator Terracini as " a slander and an outright fraud." Never­ warned against "loading the issue with Mrs. Indira Gandhi, the Indian Prime Mini­ theless, " remnants of antisemitism in the extraneous elements". Calls for family ster, visited the 400-year-old Cochin Jewish U.S.S.R." are admitted and the hope expressed reunion through emigration from the Soviet synagogue at Mattanchgrry. Perhaps, said Mrs. that they will be combated. Union were prime among these extraneous Gandhi, Jews had had to suffer to produce so elements. The numbers of antisemitic litera­ many great men. India had welcomed Jews to ture in the U.S.S.R. were, he claimed, her shores because by their coming India her­ Antisemitism Increasing irrelevant when set against the 15,000 publica­ self would be enriched. She hoped that the hardships of the Jewish people were at an end- Addressing the national executive council tions released annually in Russia. of the Zionist Organisation of America Mr. Three leading professors of history pointed Jews first settled in Cochin 1,900 years ago Jacques Torczyner, the president, declared out that the new publication was the first and the Mattancherry synagogue was built in that all American groups should give priority instance in which militant Communists and 1568 on temple grounds given to the Jews by to fighting " the resurgence of antisemitism active Zionists had come together to work on the then Maharajah of Cochin. The local com­ here and in other parts of the world." He the problem of Soviet Jewry. munity of White Jews numbers 200. warned his hearers that racial conflicts had "escalated and have intensified anti-Jewish French Ambassador to Moscow "MEIN KAMPF" IN DENMARK prejudice, even among wide circles of Negroes." The new French Ambassador to Moscow is A new edition of Hitler's " Mein Kampf " by M. Olivier Vormser, who is of Jewish origin. a Danish firm has been completely sold out. Senator Jacob Javits, speaking at the con­ He formerly headed the economic affairs divi­ The West German Embassy objected to its vention of the Jewish War Veterans of the sion of the Foreign Ministry, acting as France's appearance on the grounds that the Bavarian U.S.A. in Atlantic City, criticised both his own chief economic negotiator for the past ten State Government claims all publication Republican Party and the Democrats for not years. rights for the book and that it is against its taking positive action against Right-wing publication anywhere. organisations like the John Birch Society. All German patents rights were annulled in NEAPOLITAN ARCHBISHOP'S GESTURE Denmark soon after the Second World War Roman Catholic Understanding and the end of the German occupation, but Naples' Chief Rabbi and members of the there is to be another study of the position. "Catholic Schools in Action", a 328-page Jewish community received Mgr. Corrado Ursi report on Roman Catholic schools, summarises Dr. Marcus Melchior, the Chief Rabbi, the new Archbishop of Naples, who had approached by the Copenhagen daily news­ the findings of a three-year nation-wide study expressed a wish for a meeting. The impor­ in America of elementary and secondary paper " Berlingske Tidende ", said : " I have tance of the archbishop's unprecedented greater confidence in the Danish people than schools. It calls for improvement of students' gesture was emphasised by the Chief Rabbi understanding of Jews and other minorities. to think that they will be converted to Nazism and the president of the community, who through the reappearance of ' Mein Kampf • The report states that Catholic school­ expressed Neapolitan Jewry's gratitude for the children do not so much have an unfavourable work of the Church in helping persecuted The Bavarian Government, which was made image of Jews as they have no image at all, Jews during the Nazi and fascist regimes. residual legatee of Hitler's publications by an perhaps accounted for to some extent by the The archbishop in his address praised the Allied order of 1947, opposed re-publication of infrequency of social contacts between common bond established by the Bible between the book in London last year, and the plan Catholics and Jews. Christians and Jews. was dropped.—(J.C.) AJR INFORMATION November, 1966 Page 5 Eugen Winterberg Old Acquaintances MAX BROD'S REUCHUN NOVEL Home IScics: Egon Jameson and Peter de Mendelssohn went to Berlin on the invitation The figures of the Renaissance that Max generally despised. Max Brod shows us that of Hamburg's Axel Springer, publisher of " Die Srod has brought to life in his novels—we more than two centuries before Lessing's Welt" and "Bild-Zeitung", to attend the recall " Tycho Brahes Weg zu Gott", " Reubeni " Nathan der Weise ", Reuchlin depicted in the opening of the new Springer houso near the FUrst der Juden" and "Galilei in Gefangen­ figure of the Jew Simon the type of Jewish Wall.—Irene Prador, Lilli Palmer's sister, is schaft "—are now joined by Johann Reuchlin savant who gives counsel to Christians as well conducting her new radio series, " It's Conti­ (1455-1522)* the humanist and fighter for as to Muslims. The world has forgotten this nental ", on B.B.C.'s Home Service.—Martin truth and justice. Actually the real hero of Simon and even Nathan is not deeply enrooted Miller celebrated hid 67th birthday and 45th this profound novel is not Johann Reuchlin in its memory, whereas the figure of Shylock stage anniversary by appearing in " Arsenic out the Talmud which Reuchlin, although not has become firmly entrenched in European and Old Lace ".—Peter Ury produced a feature a militant by nature, defended enthusiastically consciousness. Jews with a positive approach for Stuttgart Radio on English ballads and When in 1509 the convert Johann Joseph to Judaism, for whom Jacob Loans, Reuchlin's folk-songs, with Peggy Seeger and Ewan Pfefferkorn (1469-1524) obtained an edict from Hebrew teacher, and Obadiah Sforno served as MaccoU.—Lily Veidt, Conrad Veidt's widow, the Emperor Maximilian empowering him to models, are contrasted with the negative bap­ visited London from New York. confiscate all Hebrew writings and in particu­ tized Jew Pfefferkorn, a Jew imbued with lar the Tahnud. Jewish self-hatred. I\ews from Everywhere: Robert Stolz, who received the " Grand Prix due Disquo", is The curious aspect of this dispute about the Brod, a confirmed Zionist, has been con­ to have his operetta, " Himmelblaue Traeumo ", Talmud was, however, that neither the butcher cerned all his life with Jewish self-hatred and produced by Karl Farkas at Vienna's Pfefferkorn nor Reuchlin, as he himself admits, has found that hatred for everything Jewish Raimund-Theater.—John Brahm directed an Were deeply conversant with the Talmud. is ingrained in the poor and despised Ghetto episode of " The Man from U.N.C.L.E.".— The dispute spread and extended beyond the Jew. He gave expression to this conclusion as Greta Keller gave a recital at Berlin's Urania. Emperor to the Pope who put an interdict on far back as 1918 in his drama " Eine Konigin —Walter Slezak. currently acting in "The Reuchlin's books, in particular on his Esther", when, in replying to the Jew-hater Miraculous World of Dr. Coppelius " in Spain, Augenspiel" which was directed against Haman who has just admitted that he is him­ will make a lecture tour in the States.—The Pfefferkorn. But a touch of irony was not self a Jew, Queen Esther replies : " Now I " Max Reinhardt" exhibition, first shown in lacking in that the issue of the papal interdict understand why you hate the Jews so much ". Salzburg, has been invited to Berlin and Rome. coincided with the start of the first printing Friends of liberty, like Ulrich von Hutten of the Talmud by the Christian printer Daniel and Crotus, author of the " Dunkelmaenner- Obituary: Ida PeiTy, who appeared in the Bomberg in Venice (1520-1523). Reuchlin, briefe ", associated themselves with Reuchlin. premiere of Paul Lincke's " Frau Luna" With them, however, Reuchlin's original fight in 1899, the mother of actress Charlotte however, was not so concerned with examining Ander, died in Berlin at the age of 89.—Pro­ and defending the Tahnud as with the Cabala is no longer in evidence. They are concerned fessor Emil J. Gumbel, author of many anti­ m which he was far more interested. He with liberty of conscience and the fight against war books, died in New York.—Rudolf expressed the results of his profound studies obscurantism towards a new Humanism. Herrnstadt, editor of the East German Neues "^ his book "De Arte Cabalistica". Brod Humanists are often described as the pre­ Deutschland until 1953, died in Merseburg devotes a whole chapter of his book to this cursors and protagonists of the Reformation. where he worked as archivist. Ho was 63 Latin treatise that has never been translated This is certainly true of many humanists, such years old.—Art historian, Walter Friedlander, into German. In his highly interesting account as Melanchthon, Reuchlin's nephew, and also who until 1933 lectured in Freiburg, has died he is unstinting in his praise of Gershom to some extent of Erasmus of Rotterdam, but in New York.—Jo Hanns Roesler, author of ^cholem. Professor of Jewish Mysticism at the is definitely not the case with Reuchlin who, numerous short stories and humorous books, Hebrew University in Jerusalem, who has pro­ despite his discomfiture in Rome, remained died in Bavaria at the age of 67.—Margarete dded new ways of studying Jewish mysticism true to the Catholic Church and, according to Hruby, actress-wife of Manfred Fuerst, died that were not available to Reuchlin. Brod, actually took holy orders in his last in Munich, where she returned from the States We must, indeed, give great credit to Reuch- years. The gulf between Humanism and the several years ago.—Opera singer Fritz lin when we appreciate that he dared to Reformation can also be seen in the inhuman Wunderlich died in Heidelberg at the early demonstrate the beauty, depth and meaning books written by Luther in his old age " Von age of 36, as the result of an accident.— °f the Cabala at a time when Judaism was den Juden und ihren Liigen" and " Shem Kasimir Eds'chmid, one of the first of the „ Max Brod : Johannes Beucblln und sein Kampf. Hamephoras " which are filled with the spirit Expressionists, honorary citizen of Darmstadt Stuttgart, 1965. W. Kohlhammer Press. 351 pp., " "1. in text, 8 plates, linen. 28DM. of a Pfefferkorn. and president of the German Academy, died At a time when Catholics and Protestants in Vulpera. alike hated and despised the Jews, it needed amazing courage, as was evinced by Reuchlin, Siviizerlntid: Ellen Schwannecke appears in to fight this attitude even if only to a limited a revival of Paul Burkhardt's " Feuerwerk " at extent. Zurich's Corso-Theater.—Fritz Schulz took the part of the Fool in Leopold Lindtberg's pro­ In Brod's book the figure of this fighter for duction of "Was ihr wollt" at Ziirich's Humanism is not idealised, but the memorial Schauspielhaud. There, Harry Meyen, Romy erected to him seems well deserved. Schneider's husband, will direct " 'The Killing of Sister George", starring Maria Becker and YIDDISH LITERATURE Sonja Ziemann.—Rainer Litten is producing According to the Soviet weekly, " New a series of TV features.—Leonard Steckel is Books", three new books in Yiddish are to directing Saul Bellow's " Letzte Analyse" in be published in the Soviet Union by the end Ziirich.—Basle's Berlin Club celebrated of the year. The three writers concerned are Rudolf Frank's 80th birthday at Stadtkasino.— Leib Kvitko, Shmuel Halkin and Zalman W. Dueggelin will produce " La Traviata " and Wendrov. Kvitko was executed in 1952 during Werner Kelch's " An Offenbach Evening" at Stalin's purges of Jewish writers. His Ziirich's Opernhaus. children's books, translated in Russian, are among the most popular of their kind in the Books and Authors: After an interval of Soviet Union. seven years Robert Jungk, author of "Die " The Pearl-Seeker ", translations of novellas Zukunft hat schon begonnen ", has had " Die by 20 Israeli writers, was published in Moscow grosse Maschine" published by Scherz-Verlag recently in an edition of 15,000. This follows (Munich).—Wemer Finck's new book, "Witz an anthology of Israeli prose compiled by Aron als Schicksal—Schicksal als Witz", has been Vergelis, editor of " Sovietish Heimland", published by Marion von Schroeder-Verlag published last year. (Hamburg).—Michael Hamburger translated Georg Buechner's " Lenz" for Calder & BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER Boyars (London).—^Werner Keller, author of Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS. the best-seller, " Die Bibel hat doch recht", Part exchange. Deferred terms. has had " Und wurden zerstreut unter alle JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. Voelker ", a post-bibUcal history of the Jews, 2 Park West Place, Marble Arch, W.2 published by Droemer/Knaur (Munich) Tel.: PAD. 8818/9 AUTHORISED BECHSTEIN RETAILERS APIOOB PEM Page 6 AJR INFORMATION November, 1966

Karen Gershon Jewish was a problem to my children only because it was a problem to me. When my sister came to Mazuba as an 18- year-old bride, the community had neither IMPRESSIONS OF ISRAEL water nor land. Their tents were pitched on Karen Gershon, whose book " We Came As Children " has been widely recognised a plateau of rocks half-way up a mountain, the as an important contribution to the history of the former refugees, recently paid her summit of which was the Lebanese border; first visit to Israel to participate in a symposium of Anglo-Jewish and Israeli writers they made their living planting bare hills with on the theme " The Universal and the Jewish Elements in our Creative Work ". trees for the Jewish National Fund. Today the houses stand in parkland on We sat at a pavement table in Dizengoff Orthodox Jews are living in medieval squalor. another height, with the fields and orchards of Street at midnight drinking iced coffee and Apart from some churches, only the buildings the settlement in the valley below; three talking four languages: Hebrew, Yiddish, erected since the establishment of the State shifts are worked in the spinning mill which English and German. We were attempting to are architecturally interesting : the Museum, had its beginning in the hand looms of the communicate: during the evening, speeches the University, the Convention Centre, the first Youth Aliyah children. had been made in the auditorium of the new Knesset. The effect of the total town is The people I met have now lived there for writers' club, by Israeli writers and Jewish unimaginable: that odd-looking roof of the 25 years. Their material conditions have writers from England, as part of the sym­ Shrine of the Book fits into the landscape like improved so enormously that they do not mind posium on the theme " The Universal and the an indigenous plant. that their standards are still low : their houses Jewish Elements in our Creative Work." The I walked through Emek Refaim, called the are no more than adequate and their food is EngUsh contributors spoke personally in quiet German Quarter because the houses there primitive. They cannot be called poor: voices, the Israelis lost themselves in loud were built by German missionaries ; they are between them they own a large and thriving generalisations; yet I had the impression that set each in its own long-established garden. estate. they and not we were the more sincere: Something about the street reminded me of a When immigrant children come to Israel because they wished us not merely to under­ street in my home town and I remembered they are put into groups regardless of their stand but to be persuaded. how emotionally attached I was to it: I felt backgrounds; experience has shown that For us, the occasion was a bit of an excuse then that I should bring my children to grow people beyond school age do not settle down for a visit to Israel. We realised early while up in Jerusalem so that they might love it as except among those with whom they have most making our speeches that few members of the their home. in common. If I were to join a kibbutz now audience could follow English. The inter­ I felt that I should bring my children to I would not go to Mazuba, which is Gennan: preters were on the whole excellent; it was the Israel whenever I was reminded there of the the youth group to which I belonged live in occasion which made them inadequate: when Holocaust—and I was reminded often: by the several English kibbutzim which were estab­ Aharon Appelfeld related his experiences as a museums, exhibitions and shrines, by the lished after the war mainly by those who were child refugee, finding his way from the con­ numbers occasionally seen on the arms of born in Germany and spent the war years in centration camps to Israel, we took our ear­ people, by just being among Jews: all people England. phones off simply to listen to his delivery : by whom the Germans would have killed. • himself he justified the symposium. My children are Jewish according to Halacha There is no real place for older single people Partly because of the actual language diffi­ but half-Jewish according to the world's law in a kibbutz, and there are no childless culties, partly because of the heat, but mainly and common sense. " What do they feel about couples; in Mazuba, because of a prevailing because of the attending distractions it was this ? " I was asked in a kibbutz where I was illness, many women did not bear the children often difficult to know what the arguments spending the week-end together with one of they may have wished for but they have always were about. I think insufficient allowance was the other writers from England. We had come had Youth Aliyah children in need of foster made for basic differences: I found it easier to the meeting believing that it had been called parents. In some other kibbutzim, children to forgive the Israeli who lost his temper than so that we might ask questions, and found are no longer " taken away" from their the English speaker who did so, because the instead that we were expected to speak. For parents: in practice this means that they one was merely carried away by his own a while we talked about literature; people sleep at home instead of in the children's eloquence whereas the other was embarrass­ showed little interest until we began to answer house. Fathers could not see that this made ingly impolite. questions about ourselves ; the meeting really much difference, but some mothers agreed that Communication between us was also handi­ came to life only when we discussed the prob­ a child felt he belonged where he had his bed capped from before the outset: we had not lem I faced with my children. Having been and a few possessions. read each other's work; even most of our brought up in the Zionist Youth Movement, I Children in a kibbutz do not suffer the handi­ names did not mean much to the other side. was not surprised or resentful that strangers cap of having to live in the adult world which " The other side"—there was some hostile should adopt my concerns as their own, but I does not fit them ; they only visit there. But rivalry, but I think that, from the Israelis at was amazed when they told me : " Let them they are subjected to the conflict between the least, much of this was for the benefit of the assimilate ! " I had said that their being half- ambition to provide them with the best pos­ audience, who were splendid, came fairly sible education and the desire to condition punctually in astonishing numbers and them for kibbutz life. remained impatient with interest—more con­ * cerned about, and concerning, the Hebrew For week-ends, when I had the choice, I participants, naturally. returned to Jerusalem. On my first Friday If we felt rather superfluous during long night there I asked the way to a synagogue untranslated — sometimes untranslatable — from two men in black caftans ; when they Hebrew speeches — sometimes explicitly realised that I meant a Reform synagogue addressed to us—if we felt like gate-crashers they refused to direct me. There are no at a family party, we were compensated for translations in the prayer books, and chil­ this by being made to feel like celebrities out­ dren pray to God in the language they use at side the actual symposium : we were photo­ home. They say in Israel of the three large graphed, interviewed and recorded, visited and towns that people who work live in Haifa, invited and encouraged not only to talk about those who play live in Tel Aviv, and those ourselves but to recite our work. I think that who learn live in Jerusalem. If I emigrated I was not alone in finding that reading my to Israel I should wish to live in Jeru.salem. Jewish poems to Jews in Israel gave them a I had imagined the town and I had imagined second echo, a greater depth, the achievement the desert, but I was not prepared for the of which was not mine. juxtaposition of both which I saw from a high tower: the distinctiveness of each was enhanced by its contrast to the other. The walls of the Old Town are the grey of In the south, the desert is ochre-coloured historic sites ; the dominant colour of the New and rock-shaped; within sight of Jerusalem it Jerusalem is that of the desert: shades from is light brown or orange and moulded like a sandy to orange. Its green is the subdued rough sea. I felt when I saw it that that was dark green of olive trees although there are no where I had come from : as if I had had olive trees there : it is the effect of the dust in experience of it which I had forgotten. With the air. Here only the slums are old : the the August sun on my skin I felt that my body quarter opposite Mount Zion, whose landmark was meant to live in that hot climate; I was is a windmill, and the Mea Shearim where the glad to be mistaken for an Israeli. AJR INFORMATION November, 1966 Page 7

Erwin J. J. Rosenthal community in the sixteenth century. Recently discovered documents in the city archives dealing with Jewish affairs in the fifteenth and JUDAISM IN THE MUSEUM sixteenth centuries (in Czech and Latin), have just been handed to Dr. Muneles for edition Czech Monuments to a Once-famous Jewry and analysis. Our knowledge of Jewish history in those centuries is rather scanty in Jews have long memories which need no as a separate, yet essential group from the general, and the forthcoming publication by Dr. Visual prodding. Why, then, should a Jew early Middle Ages to the Nazi occupation. Muneles promises to fill a real gap in our from Germany visiting Prague today be so Nobody can escape the irony of this salvage knowledge, besides throwing an entirely new i^oved and experience such a bewildering operation : that the bringing together by the light on the position of Jews in Prague in that "iixture of pride, joy and poignant grief Nazis of religious appurtenances from 153 period of religious unrest. When he stands face to face with what Jewish communities (or more correctly 153 The Alt-Nev^chul, the cemetery and the has been known for decades ? We lost synagogues) in Bohemia and Moravia, and of aforementioned exhibitions are shown to all family,, and friends in the Nazi Holocaust; we all their libraries—with full documentation tourists, but especially the Jewish visitors fead many books, eyewitness accounts, reports and a complete inventory—should have become experience a thrill mingled with sadness. For °n the Eichmann trial, and also insensitive, what the Director of the State Jewish Museum there are yet other exhibitions which present unwarranted attacks on the victims of concen­ calls " one vast archive which has nothing to the tragic events of the Nazi period. While tration camps; we followed controversial equal it in the whole world ". The loot destined the Klaus synagogue houses a most informa­ debates about guilt and complicity. No con- to find a home in a victorious Nazi Germany tive, artistically assembled permanent exhibi­ armation is needed that " seeing is believing ". is today, thanks to the Czech Government, a tion spanning the history of " The Prague Jews *'Ven if we wanted to we could not forget, for unique source for the history of Czech Jewry from the tenth century to 1848," the Pinkas the ghosts are within us, they cannot be laid and for its rich culture and civilisation. Synagogue is today a memorial to the nearly m our generation. Why, then, we ask again, is Precious hangings of the Ark, numbering, 80,000 Czech Jews who were victims of ^ visit to Prague so profoundly moving and together with Torah-scroU mantles, some 3,000, Nazi persecution : their names are engraved Upsetting ? the crowns, shields and "hands" (pointers) on three high, large walls. Over the Ark the The answer is not that what official guides of the Torah scrolls (most of those scrolls names of all Nazi concentration camps in snow us is unexpected, nor the contrast saved are today in Rabbi Reinhart's West­ Europe are inscribed, and in front of it, ^etween the beauty and richness of Gothic minster Synagogue), the circumcision tools wreaths and other flower arrangements are laid ^•enaissance and Baroque architecture and and instruments, the Seder dishes, the spice from many countries, but principally from ^rt and this testimony of barbarous exter­ boxes, the Kiddush cups, the Menorahs and Germany. Shattering as is the sight of the mination and loot. Rather it may be a com- Chanucah lamps and the silver cups and porce­ "Jewish Memorial", the exhibition "Dress wnation of distinct, but related inner lain drinking mugs of the Chevrah Kadishah Rehearsal" in the former Jewish Town Hall ''periences which supplies at least part of the (Burial Brotherhood), painted with funeral (which has still got a Hebrew clock face on answer. We receive the clear impression that scenes—all were collected and stored by the its tower) is almost unbearable. For here the udaism has become a museum piece—and this Nazis and, it may be presumed, intended to visitor can follow the events of the Nazi occu­ despite the existence of a small Jewish com­ serve as an example of Jewish wealth gained pation as it affected the Jews of Bohemia and munity which still owns the famed and excep­ by exploitation of the non-Jewish majority Moravia, ending in the "Final Solution", tionally beautiful Alt-Neuschul—and that this population. Instead, they testify today—in meticulously documented by the Nazis them­ museum-piece is a telling witness both to a tastefully arranged exhibitions in the Klaus, selves. The paintings of Jewish artists from nchly flowering Jewish culture and to the Maisl and the Dusni Street synagogues—to the the camps, the poems of Jewish poets, includ­ meaningful contribution of a once important material and spiritual riches of what was once ing those of the Jewish children from There­ ewish community as an integral part of the one of the most important and flourishing sienstadt—their drawings were on loan arger community to Czech culture and history, Jewish communities in Europe. elsewhere just now—testify to the Jews' ?,t"l achnowledged and cherished by the unquenchable will to live and to their inner Czechoslovak State and nation today. Theresienstadt Manuscripts freedom when in hopeless physical bondage to Now, this awareness merges in the visitor's A collection of over 100,000 books (Hebraica their Nazi persecutors. Other documents reveal mind with another unforgettable and very and Judaica, including precious manuscripts) the spirit of resistance in those whom moving experience, Lidice, with the result which the Nazis had sent to Theresienstadt insensitive critics have unwarrantably accused nat the Jewish tragedy stands out not as an for cataloguing and storage, is housed in the of lack of moral fibre and courage. One can jsoiated fiendish act of bestiality, but as a administrative building of the State Jewish only hope that these authors may visit this ^uman tragedy inflicted on man by sub-human Museum. This important " library" was place which also contains a register of all rutes who, to their everlasting shame, ignored intended for the University Library in Berlin! Jews who persished in all Nazi-occupied ine dignity, brotherhood and rights of man, Its nucleus comes from the library of the Europe. g"?"®spective of creed and race. Thus, the Jewish community of Prague. The cataloguing Records of Jewish Scholars tate Jewish Museum in Prague and the new was entrusted by one of the Judenaelteste in A close look at the 500-year-old Jewish •'dice with its simple, stark memorial to Nazi Theresienstadt, Rabbi Dr. Murmelstein, to Dr. cemetery helps to restore one's balance. ^humanity proclaim the humanists' faith in Otto Muneles, deported there from Prague. I Together with the records of creative ne dignity, brotherhood and rights of man ; shall never forget my long meeting with this endeavour of Jewish scholars of the Renais­ jjey do this more effectively and sincerely than eminent scholar, an expert in many fields of sance (the famous Rabbi Bezalel Low, David "e oft repeated words of statesmen and Jewish learning (Halacha, philosophy. Cabala Gans and Josef Delmedigo) and of the politicians on both sides. and Chasidism), an erudite bibliographer Enlightenment (Peter Beer and S. J. Rapaport) t\ ft is hardly to be expected that the Czech and a specialist in the medieval and Renais­ in the Klaus Synagogue, its tombs of rabbis, y°^f';nment should have been prompted to set sance periods of Czech-Jewish history. He owes merchants and artisans tell the story of a P this unique monument to its Jewish citizens his survival to the cataloguing of the Nazi loot; vigorous, creative, open-to-the-world Jewish "^ whom about 3,000 are still alive today, out his family persished. Just as with our unforget­ life within the general culture of their time. 01 .speciaJ- l regard for Jews or Judaism. But table Leo Baeck, there is no bitterness in Dr. It is the story of a dynamic Judaism making thi"ISs makes the establishment of the State Muneles's heart. He was the teacher of two its contribution to the intellectual, artistic and J. *'sh Museum the more significant and Hebraists, one of whom is Dr. V. Sadek, the economic life of Bohemia and Moravia, markable as a demonstration—alongside librarian of the collection of Hebraica and especially during the Renaissance and in the jfje restored palaces and churches, a national Judaica in the State Jewish Museum; the eighteenth century. Their humanism stands th *^' ^ national museum and a national other. Dr. Segert, is attached to the very active out against the inhumanity which in six short neatre—of Czech and Jewish togetherness, of Oriental Institute of the Czech Academy of years almost liquidated our people on the *^h participation in Czech national history Sciences. Both teach in the Charles Univer­ Continent of Europe. Ud culture. The Nazi crime against Jewry sity and carry out research in Hebrew and Politics apart, we Jews and the world at ad Judaism is also a crime against the Czech Jewish studies. large should be grateful to the Czech authori­ tate and nation. The manuscripts, printed Dr. Muneles has written an important biblio­ ties for providing this complete, magnificent °°^s and magnificent synagogal art treasures graphical survey of the tombstones in the record of Jewish achievement and, alas, also of gathered in the several parts of the State Jewish cemetery, published in the series spon­ Jewish humiliation. This monument to Czech ewish Museum and shown to every tourist sored by the Museum. He also contributed— Jewry is a symbol of the survival of the spirit, including those from West and East Germany) together with Dr. Sadek—an illuminating the Jewish spirit as part of the general human s naturally not primarily considered material chapter to the fourth volume of this series spirit. No self-respecting, responsible Jewish °r the Jewish historian, but is intended as " Prague Ghetto in the Renaissance Period ", visitor could fail to realise its challenge: to Remonstrating the part Jews played in the a richly illustrated and beautifully produced work for the revival and renewal of what other­ le of Czechoslovakia in all its parts and facets book, on the spiritual life of the Prague Jewish wise will remain a mere museum piece. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION November, 1966

habe ich das Land Israel wiedergesehen und die Leistungen der juedischen Pionere bevmn- DEUTSCHE UND JUDEN dert. Ich moechte nicht verschweigen, dass ich mit Befriedigung beobachten konnte, wie sehr Ein Briefwechsel mit Prof. Franz Boehm in vielen Faellen deutsche Wiedergutmachungs­ leistungen den Lebensstandard von Verfolgten Die Bruesseler Konferenz des Juedischen Weltkongresses, ueber die in der Oktober- gehoben haben. Au^gabe von " AJR Information" berichtet wurde, hai gezeigt, dass auch diejenigen, Gestatten Sie mir einige Bemerkungen ueber die eine Av.ssprache zwischen Deutschen und Juden nicht von vomeherein ablehnen, die von Ihnen erwaehnte Auffassung, dass ein sich der Grenzen, die einem solchen Unterfangen in unserer Generation gesteckt sind, Sieg der Humanitaetsmoral fuer die Dauer wohl bewTisst sind. Es duerfte auch keinem Zweifel unterliegen, dass Juden aus eines weiteren Jahrunderts das Endo des Deutschland, soweit sie eine Aussprache ueberhaupt bejahen, einen spezifischen, durch juedischen Volkes in der Fremde bedeutet ihre Vergangenheit bedingten Beitrag zu ihr zu leisten haben. Dies bedeutet nicht haben wuerde, vor allem aber ein Scheitern dass sie einen einheitlichen Standpunkt zu dem komplizierten Fragenkomplex der zionistischen Staatsgruendung, und dass einnehmen. Die Beurteilung der Katastrophe und die Folgerungen, die aus ihr fuer die nichtjuedischen Bekenner der Emanzipa­ die Gestaltung und Sinngebung juedischen Lebens in Israel und in der Diaspora gezogen tion, wenn sie sich gegen den Hitleraufstand werden, haengen vielmehr von dem geistigen Standort des Einzelnen ab. durchgesetzt haetten, entgegen ihrer Absicht und aus den ehrenhaftesten Beweggruenden Der im folgenden veroeffentlichte Briefwechsel zwischen Professor Franz Boehm das Verderben des juedischen Volkes herbeige­ (Frankfurt) und Dr. F. Goldschmidt (London) stellt einen wichtigen Diskussions- fuehrt haetten. beitrag dar, dem, wie unr hoffen, weitere Veroeffentlichungen in diesen Blaettem folgen Wenn ich—ebenso wie Sie—solche Gedan^ werden. Wie unsem Lesem bekannt ist, hat Prof. Boehm seit jeher an der geistigen kengaengo ablehne, so beeinflusst mich dabei Auseinandersetzung ueber das deutsch-juedische und christlich-juedische Problem die Tatsache, dasS es bereits lange vor der fuchrenden Anteil genommen. Seine Leistung als Vorkaempfer der materiellen Zerstoerung des 2. Tempels eine betraecht­ Wiedergutmachung wurde in der soeben veroeffentlichten Schrift des Council of Jews liche juedische Diaspora gegeben hat. Ohne from Germany ueber die Taetigkeit des Council auf dem Gebiete der Wiedergutmachung ihr Bestehen waeren wohl die juedische und emeut gewuerdigt. Wir werden auf den Inhalt dieser Schrift in Kuerze zurueck­ insbesondere die christliche Religion nicht zu kommen.—Die Red. Weltreligionen geworden. Jedenfalls waere die Judenheit damals ohne die Diaspora unter­ Frankurt a.M., den 5 September 1964 Volk gerettet haben, und die nichtjuedischen gegangen. Bekenner der Emanzipation wuerden, wenn sie Wenn ich trotz der Katastrophe unseres' Sehr verehrter, lieber Herr Goldschmidt ! sich gegen den Hitleraufstand durchgesetzt Jahrhunderts nicht den Glauben daran ver­ Ihre Ansprache und auch die Ansprachen haetten, entgegen ihrer Absicht und aus den loren habe, dass Israel und die Diaspora nicht von Prof. Bentwich und Mr. Brotman auf der ehrenhaftesten Beweggruenden das Verderben zum Untergang verurteilt sind, so bestaerken Gedaechtnisfeier fuer Hans Reichmann haben des juedischen Volks heraufgefuehrt haben. mich in dieser Hoffnung Stimmen wie die mich sehr bewegt, besonders die Ihrige. Ich Aber ganz abgesehen davon, dass es welt- Ihrige, sehr verehrter Herr Professor Boehm. habe waehrend der ruhigen Sommerwochen lichem Geschichtsdenken nicht zukommt, mit Ein Freund von mir, der leider auch ein am Brienzersee an Herm und Frau Reichmann der Vorstellung einer Katastrophentherapie zu gedacht und daran, wie unheimlich rasch die Opfer der Verfolgung geworden ist, hat im operieren—nur religioese Heilserwartung darf Jahre 1933 sich dahin geaeussert, dass Hitler Zeit herbeigekommen ist, in der die Reihen sich apokalyptischen Vorstellungen naehern; der Freunde unseres Alters sich zu lockern es uns Juden verdammt leicht gemacht habe, aber auch in den glaeubigen Menschen richtet anstaendige Menschen zu bleiben. Icb beginnen und die letzten dahingehen, dio es diese Idee Verwuestungen an, die mehr der noch durch ihr Leben bewaehrt haben, dass bewundere immer wieder diejenigen unserer Daemonologie angehoert als der Gottesvereh- christlichen Freunde, die sich in kaum vor- es moeglich ist, zugleich in der Fremdo und rung—, ganz abgesehen davon duerfen die in der Heimat zu leben, d.h. in der Fremde stellbarer schwieriger Lage bewaehrt und dem Angehoerigen eines Volks, das die Katastrophe von Grillparzer prophetisch vorausgesagten als Buerger heimatberechtigt zu sein und ins Werk gesetzt hat, nicht einmal insgeheim Freunde zu finden, die im Mitbuerger zugleich Zuge der Zeit "Von der Humanitaet ueber eine solche Idee ventilieren. Fuer sie gilt ein die Nationalitaet zur Bestialitaet" entgegen- den Buerger eines anderen Volks ehren. Erst Wort aus dem Neuen Testament—es findet heute, da es zu spaet ist, ist es uns Nichtjuden gestellt haben. sich in der Passionsgeschichte und bezieht sich Mit herzlichen Gruessen, klar geworden, von welch tragischen Gefahren auf den Verrat des Judas Ischarioth : "Das diese Wandemng unserer juedischen Freunde muss alles geschehen, damit erfuellt werde das Ihr stets ergebener zwischen den zwei Weiten bedroht war : von Wort des Propheten; doch wehe dem Menschen P. GOLDSCHMIDT. der Gefahr der Assimilation, falls der Geist durch welchen es geschieht; es waere ihm der Humanitas von Bestand sein sollte, und besser, dass er nio geboren waere ". Wir sind von der Gefahr einer erbarmungslosen Verfol­ nicht dazu da, um irgendwelche verborgenen gung, falls sich der Bestialismus des national- oder spekulativ konstruierten Geschichts- chauvinistischen Einebnungs- und Ueber- gesetze zu vollziehen, sondem um Gottes lagerungswahns gegen die HumanitaS erheben Gebote zu befolgen. Historisches Unglueck, sollte. Unter Zionisten ist die Auffassung ver­ das sich aus der Betaetigung von Naechsten- treten, dass die Gefahr der Assimilation die liebe ergeben mag, geht uns nichts an. Im groessere war und dass ein Sieg der Humani- Anblick vermuteter Ungluecksfolgen solcher taetsmoral fuer die Dauer eines weiteren Jahr- Art bleibt uns nur der Weg : " Ich aber und J. C. Gilbert Ltd. hundertg das Ende des juedischen Volks in mein Haus wollen dem Herrn dienen". Was der Fremde bedeutet haben wuerde, vor allem wuerden wir nicht darum geben, wenn wir es aber ein Scheitem der zionistischen Staats­ getan haetten! Die Folgen davon, dass wir gruendung. So wuerde also der national­ es nicht getan haben, bleiben uns nicht erspart. sozialistische Vemichtungswille und der Mord Auch wenn uns verziehen wird, bleiben die an vielen Millionen von Juden das juedische Folgen der Austreibung und des Wuetens, bleibt die Verarmung, das Fehlen dessen, was nicht mehr da ist. Bald wird unter uns * niemand mehr leben, der sich noch an das Gorta Radiovision erinnert, was da war, und ihm nachweint. Service Mit den besten Empfehlungen und herz­ (Member R.T.R.A.) lichen Gedenken. 13 Frognal Parade, Ihr freunschaftlich ergebener, FincUey Road, N.W.S FR. BOEHM. Columbia House SALES REPAIRS London, den 26. Oktober 1964 Agents for Bnsh, Pye, Philips, Ferranti, Sehr verehrter, lieber Herr Professor Boehm ! Aldwych Gmndig, etc. Erst jetzt hat mich Ihr Schreiben vom 5. Television Rentals from 8/- Per Week September erreicht. Ihre Ausfuehrungen haben Mr. Gort loill always be pleased to mich tief bewegt. London, W.C.2 Vor 27 Jahren bin ich das ersto Mal in advise you. Palaestina gewesen, das damals noch britisches (HAM. 8635) Mandatsgebiet war. Im Oktober vorigen Jahres AJR INFORMATION November, 1966 Page 9

MISS FLORA LAZARUS IN MEMORIAM The death has occurred in an Old Age Home in Vevey. Switzerland, of Miss Flora Lazarus. Only a few former citizens of Rogasen will MRS. VERA WEIZMANN MRS. BERTHA BACH remember her and her family, which played so great a role in the Jewish community of that Vera Weizmann, widow of Israel's first Mrs. Bertha Bach passed away peacefully on town and will hardly mean anything to today's President, Chaim Weizmann, died in London at September 30 in New York at the age of 87. generation of survivors. the age of 85. She founded the Children's Home of the Sister­ hood of the Stuttgart B'nai B'rith Lodge at One of 16 children, she went to Berlin in Born in Rostov-on-Don, she completed her Miihringen in the Black Forest after World 1903 after the death of her parents. Miss high school education in Rostov and then went War I, equipping the Home from donations. Lazarus was an outstanding personality in many respects, and very cultured in many to Geneva where she studied medicine and Emigrating to New York, where she enjoyed fields. At a fairly advanced age she passed took her M.D. degree. There she met Chaim the company of her family and grand- and various examinations in languages, and spoke Weizmann, then a young assistant lecturer in great-grandchildren, she kept in touch with not only German and English but also Italian chemistry, marrying him in 1906. He secured many friends in different countries, retaining and Spanish fluently. ^1 appointment at Manchester University, his her great energy and lively spirit. For her After first having joined her brothers and 80th birthday she chose a subscription to sisters in Melbourne, Australia, she re- wife taking the post of medical officer of health current French publications, and later even emigrated to England where she was in charge tor Manchester schools and women's clinics started learning Russian. Her public spirit of the Home for Indigent Jewish Girls. On after obtaining her M.B., Ch.B. degrees. and social sense also survived the upheaval. the outbreak of the First World War she The Weizmanns came to London during the The visits she arranged to ill and lonely became an enemy alien and was forced to first World War and Chaim Weizmann's work members of " her" club for elderly people return to Berlin, where she devoted herself to in Zionist politics began at this time. Besides which she organised and maintained, brought the work of Wizo. She studied braille, which great relief and earned much gratitude. Up to she mastered so perfectly that she was able to giving invaluable support to her husband in her last years she entertained her fellow- help numerous blind persons. When already his Work for Zionism, Vera Weizmann became members with occasional poems, contributing over 70 years of age, she was interned by the a leader in her own right. She was one of the prize-winning fancy Purim hats when she could Nazis in Theresienstadt, again working for the founders of Wizo in 1918 and in 1933 of no longer be with them. blind thus helping to make their life in the Children and Youth Aliyah, of which she was camp more tolerable. She was able to leave MR. HEINZ HEYMANN for Switzerland in January 1945, where she chairman and then hon. president. Two deservedly spent the remaining years of her honours were bestowed on her in 1952 in Mr. Heinz Heymann, London economic cor­ life in peace and comfort. recognition of her work for many movements respondent of the "Neue Zurcher Zeitung", RICHARD A. EHRLICH, U.S.A. henefiting the young. In 1930 Mrs. Weizmann and a regular contributor to "The Times", helped establish Magen David Adom, of which died suddenly in London on October 12, aged LORD COHEN OF BRIGHTON she was elected president in 1954. 60. He came to London in the early 'thirties The death occurred on October 21, at the Mrs. Weizmann's remains were flown to as a political refugee from Germany after age of 69 of Lord Cohen of Brighton, who was tsrael. After lying in state at the Institute having already made a name for himself as Chairman and Managing Director of the named after Protessor Chaim Weizmann at commercial editor of a German newspaper. Alliance Building Society and one of Anglo- «ehovot, she was laid to rest next to her Because of his great knowledge of the com­ Jewry's most prominent members. nusband. In a tribute Mr. Levi Eshkol, the modity world, Heymann's advice was sought Lewis Coleman Cohen, as he was before ^rime Minister of Israel, said she was " a by international organisations, like the Bank being created a life peer in 1965, was appointed Woman of distinction whose life coincided with for International Settlements in Basle, and the Mayor of Brighton from 1956-57, having been the entire chapter of the history of the Israeli United Nations economic committees. He connected with the County of Sussex all his nation." leaves a widow, son and daughter. life. CAN LIFE ASSURANCE BEAT INFLATION? Yes—for instance if linked with Unit Trusts. But which (if any) of the many schemes on offer is the best in your case ? For unbiased advice, just fill in the coupon below and send to :

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Members of the Allied Insurance Brokers Group of Companies Page 10 AJR INFORMATION November, 1966 THE ISRAELI SCENE GERMAN NEWS ERHARD APPROVES DIALOGUE LIBRARY GIFT WARSAW GHETTO EXHIBITION In a New Year message to the German- Herr Axel Springer the West German pub­ Preparations are now being made for the Jewish community, Dr. Ludwig Erhara lisher, offered I£3 million (about £357,000) for referred to the great satisfaction with which the construction and maintenance of part of special exhibition which the museum of Jewish a library in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. martyrology and resistance in the Israeli kib­ he had learned of the symposium on Germans A controversy arose over naming the library butz Lochame Hagettaot (Ghetto Fighters) is and Jews at the Brussels conference of the in honour of Herr Springer, resolved after he arranging to mark the 25th anniversary of the World Jewish Congress. He expressed the said he did not require his name to be given Warsaw Ghetto rising in 1968. hope that this beginning of a sincere exchange to the project. Tlie West German publisher of ideas would flourish and develop into a in a telegram to the Mayor of Jerusalem made The exhibition will be entirely devoted to more intensive dialogue between Germans the role played by Jews in the anti-Nazi and Jews. clear that his " spontaneous desire " was " to struggle of the Allied armies. According to help, but not to be named as a helper ". available statistics there were some 1§ million N.D.P. MEMBERSHIP INCREASING It is hoped that the library project can be Jews in the allied armies—over a million The West German Ministry of the Interior finished within two years of the start of build­ in the Soviet and American forces; the rest ing operations. About 70,000 volumes at has disclosed that membership of the neo-Nazi in the armies of Britain, France, the Jewish National Democratic Party has increased by present housed in the museum's archaelogical Brigade, Poland, Czechoslovakia and other wing are expected to be moved to the new countries. about 6,000 since the beginning of this year- library on completion, thus providing space for The Ministry's information bulletin said that exhibits now stored in the cellars. The exhibition, which will remain a per­ many supporters of the extreme Right-wing Unsigned leaflets were distributed in Jeru­ manent feature, will focus attention on this in West Germany had joined the party, salem stating : " We will not allow the building form of Jewish struggle against Hitlerism. strengthening its extremist faction. This to be built with German money. . . ". Police Other forms of Jewish resistance were stressed faction was even feared by the party leaders believe that those responsible are the same in previous exhibitions which dealt, respec­ and the bulletin warned that excesses migm who daubed insults on the Jerusalem home of tively, with the ghettoes, the camps and the be expected during the forthcoming State underground movements, including the election campaigns in Bavaria and Hessen. Dr. Nahum Goldmann recently. partisans. YOUNG GERMANS' VISITS UNIVERSITY APPOINTMENT FOB Mr. Zvi Shner, custodian of the museum, DR. BRILLING Writing in " Ot", the journal of the Mapai- who came to London to gather material about Achdut Avoda alignment, Mr. Levi Eshkol, the the Second World War, and who supplied the Dr. B. Brilling, who has many works on the Israeli Prime Minister, approves the visits to above facts, stated that in the whole of history of the Jews in Germany to his credit, Israel by young Germans, because they go with occupied Europe there had been no country, has been appointed " Oberkustos" at the the aim of seeking atonement for the sins of east or west, without a considerable Jewish University of Munster. In co-operation with their fathers. " Since 1945 an entire new contribution to the anti-Nazi struggle. The Oberstaatsarchivrat Dr. Richtering, Dr. Drilling generation has arisen in Germany ", writes Mr. museum stressed this contribution to the is at present engaged in the preparation of the Eshkol. " It is not individually responsible resistance movements and also specialised in first volume of the documentary work " West­ for the deeds of the Nazis. It is not for us to the visual presentation of the fate and struggle falia Judaica " which will include more than pass judgement on this generation." of Jewry during the Hitler period. 200 records covering the time up to 1350 C.E.

FAMILY EVENTS VERSATILE personality, inde­ ENJOY YOUR DRIVE in a WIDOW, early 60s, looks younger, Entries in the column Family pendent bookseller for 18 years, Humber Hawk (chauffeur driven). fond of home life, wishes to con­ Events are free of charge. Texts good organiser, well experienced 'Phone: Townshend Car Hire, tact sincere gentleman, view in dealing with clients and corre­ marriage. Box 758. should be sent in by the 18th of spondence (English / German), PRImrose 4071. the month. CULTURED, ATTRACTIVE adjustable and ardent worker, CORSETS, CORSELETS, BRAS­ WIDOW, independent means, Deaths seeks appropriate position. Box SIERES, made to measure, also would like to meet non-Orthodox Adler.—Mr. Richard Adler (for­ 767. alterations and repairs. Miss L. Stern. PADdington 2984. gentleman in his middle-sixties oi merly Tachau) found his peace on Women similar standing. View companion­ October 11, after a long illness SUPERFLUOUS HAIR removed ship. Box 759. bravely borne. BABY-SITTER available for even­ ings, would also be prepared to sit safely and permanently by experi­ Alexander.—Mrs. Jenny Alexander enced Physiotherapist and Elec- BACHELOR, early 60s, good back­ with elderly persons (evening ground, interested in meeting (formerly Berlin) passed away in only) as companion. Box 763. trologist. Mrs. Dutch, D.R.E., Israel in her 93rd year on October R.M.T., 239 Willesden Lane, N.W.2. intelligent, cultured lady with inde­ 3rd. Deeply mourned by her Accommodation Vacant 'Phone WILlesden 1849. pendent means. Box 764. daughter, Mrs. M. Cigman, 19 Bel­ size Park Gardens, London, N.W.3. ATTRACTIVE, MODERN BED­ DAME MITTLEREN ALTERS, SITTING-ROOM with TV and full Voluntary Helpers Required schuldlos geschieden, attraktiv, Classified board to business man in beauti­ VOLUNTARY HELPERS required geistiges, moralisches Niveau, iij The charge in these columns if ful private home opposite park to visit lonely, disabled people. einem Oststaate lebend, sucbt 3s. for five words. in Hampstead Garden Suburb. AJR Social Services Department, charakterfesten, kultivierten Ehe- Very modern, fully central heated, MAIda Vale 4449. partner, in geordneten Verhaelt­ Situations Vacant use of garden, garage if required. nissen. Box 766. Women Excellent bus and tube service. AJR Attendance Service HOUSEKEEPER REQUIRED for Reference essential. 'Phone SPE. MISSING PERSONS 2116. WOMEN available to care for sick modern home in London Suburb. people and invalids, as companions Personal Enquiries Central heating, dishwasher, etc. Accommodation Wanted and sitters-in; non-residential. Information regarding the follow­ Help kept three times per week. 'Phone MAIda Vale 4449. Very nice atmosphere. Would suit REQUIRED urgently by business­ ing persons is required by the person aged 35-45. Present house­ man, furnished or unfurnished Austrian Desk of the United Resti­ keeper retiring after twelve years. accommodation, modern, comfort­ Personal tution Office, 183/189 Finchley Good salary. Apply to : Mrs. H. able. Box 754. FREE PARTNERSHIP IN OLD Road, London, N.W.3. 'Phone KIL­ Mattes, 2 Gloucester Gardens, SPACIOUS SINGLE ROOM with ESTABLISHED IMPORT BUSI­ burn 0021: N.W.ll. cooking facilities in exchange for NESS run from good modern Rose.—Sophie S., last known about ten hours work per week, home, yielding about £5,000 net address: 30 Junction Road, Lon­ Situations Wanted prepared to assist invalid persons. profit yearly, offered to intelligent, don, N.19. Men Box 762. cultured gentleman bv middle- aged doctor's widow, N.W. London, Swift.—Erika, last known address : CLERICAL OR CORRESPON­ Miscellaneous " Snaresbrook," 14 Hillside Walk, DENCE work sought by disabled view companionship, eventually THEODOR KOHN ERZBISCHOF marriage. Box 753. Brentwood. Essex. gentleman. Box 756. VON OLMUETZ. Information and BACHELOR, 46, good appearance, Fuss.—Leon, last known address : literature required for the purpose ATTRACTIVE LADY, 41, divorced 1 Kemble Street, London, W.C.2. residing in London, seeks lucrative of writing a biography about this (innocent party), with many position where his long experience personality. Box 765. interests, of independent means Knapp.—Laura, last known ad­ in both retail/wholesale fields PIANO, surplus in one of the and with nice house, wishes to dress : 22 Hilldrop Crescent, Hollo­ would be appreciated. Menswear Homes, to be given away. In good meet cultured gentleman, non- way, London, N.7. or textiles preferred, but open to condition. Contact AJR Oifice, Orthodox. Write in strict confi­ suggestion. Nnt adverse to hard reference E. A. L. dence Box 755. Enquiries by AJB work or travelling—either U.K. or 'CELLO (preferably |ths), good GENTLEMAN, 60, bachelor, Klein.—Dr. Egon Klein, Chemical abroad. Fluent German. Box 760. instrument for budding Jewish accountant, usual interests (theatre, Engineer, who emigrated from STUDENT of sculpture, 20, inter­ artist required at reasonable price. cinema, music, travel, etc.), wishes Vienna to England in 1939, son of ested in art, music, films, etc., Contact AJR Office, reference to meet lady, view friendship/ Samuel Klein, egg merchant in seeks morning job. Box 761. E. A. L. marriage. Box 757. Wien, Schwendergasse, 6^. AJR INFORMATION November, 1966 Page 11

with his contemporaries in practically all large and small Jewish communities. Yet his ORGANISATIONAL NEWS abilities were not restricted to the organisa­ SELF-AID ORGANISER'S JUBILEE WELFARE BOARD'S FAREWELL TO tional sphere. He was one of those who MISS LILIAN C. HILL transformed the negative aspect of This month marks the 25th anniversary of " neutrality" in the meaning of non-commit­ Mrs. Raymonde Weil's work as Appeals A party was held at the Jewish Welfare Organiser of Self-Aid of Refugees. Without Board's offices on October 4, in honour of Miss ment into the positive conception of a wishing to belittle the work of others who Lilian C. Hill, Chief Welfare Officer in charge " gesamtjuedische Haltung". This attitude have been associated with the activities of of the Welfare of the Aged Department, on her aimed at giving new content to Jewish life Self-Aid in one way or another, it can certainly retirement. The party was attended by the in the diaspora, recognising at the same time Executive and Board members and heads of the importance of Palestine for Jews wherever be stated, without exaggeration, that there is the various departments of the Jewish Welfare hardly anybody to whom Self-Aid owes as Board, as well as representatives of many they may live. niuch of its success as to her. When she joined allied organisations which have worked closely Many questions about which young Jews of the organisation during the blackest period with it. the 'twenties and early 'thirties argued have of the war, Mrs. Weil brought to her task The Chairmen under whom Miss Hill has become obsolete by the upheavals of the past organising ability, an untiring capacity for worked for most of her time with the Board, decades. Yet while those whp once worked hard and dedicated work—and abundant Mr. Mendel and Mr. J. Sebag-Montefiore, both together have developed in different direc­ charm. Above all, her kindness and compas­ paid tribute to her devoted work, and the tions, both ideologically and geographically, sion for her fellow refugees have made her President presented her with handsome gifts they are still united by a common approach the living embodiment of " help for refugees in token of appreciation. In her response to and a common sense of values. Fritz by refugees", the idea on which Self-Aid's these tributes Miss Hill said how pleased she Schwarzschild has remained active in Jewish Work is founded. There are many people was to have seen the building of so many new life also after his emigration, especially by today who—though they may not know it— homes for the aged, and hoped that they would his associations with the American Federation have to thank her for desperately needed help be augmented by more flatlets in the future. of Jews from Central Europe and with the Congregation Habonim. Above all, he has and comfort. retained his undogmatic open mind—and his LEO BAECK INSTITUTE loyalty to his friends and former fellow The years have in no way diminished her workers. It is in this spirit that we send him admirable qualities and we join with all her Mr. Fred Grubel, of New York, secretary of the American section of the Leo Baeck Insti­ our sincerest birthday greetings. friends and admirers in wishing her many tute, spoke at a meeting held in London under more years of equal success. the auspices of the B'nai B'rith Leo Baeck To mark the occasion, friends of his in the Lodge, at which Dr. F. E. Falk presided. The United States have taken the initiative of J.T.C. REPORT institute had a collection of 42,000 volumes on establishing a Tmst to be named after him and his late wife, Rahel. The proceeds are to be The 15th annual report of the Jewish Trust the history of Jews in German-speaking Corporation for Germany Ltd. states that a countries, said Mr. Grubel. used for annual prizes to students at the total of 300,000 DM. (about £26,500) was in Hebrew University in Jemsalem who have 1965 allocated to the four bodies which act as J.N.F. BARBIROLLI CONCERT excelled by their work in the fields of the J.T.C.'s agents in carrying out its charitable Judaistics or Humanities. programme : the American Joint Distribution The J.N.F. organised a celebrity concert in Committee, the Jewish Agency, the Central honour of Sir John Barbirolli, at the Free PROFESSOR VICTOR EHRENBERG 75 British Fund and the Leo Baeck Charitable Trade Hall, Manchester. The funds raised will Trust. The Central British Fund, as with go towards the building of an estate in Netua, Professor Victor Ehrenberg, will celebrate previous allocations, used the 1965 funds Upper Gahlee. to be named Nachla Barbirolli. his 75th birthday on November 22. Born in mainly to assist victims of the Nazis now living Sir John conducted the Halle Orchestra with Altona, he was Lecturer (Privatdozent) in m Britain. The Jewish Agency allocation was Vladimir Ashkenazy, the Soviet-Jewish pianist, Ancient History at the University of Frankfurt assigned to the Society of Friends of Jewish as the soloist. from 1922 until 1929 and Professor at the Refugees, which used them for Youth Aliyah German University in Prague from 1929 until Work. The "Joint" allocation was used to Sir John referred in glowing terms to the 1939, when he emigrated to England with the further the work of Malben, the " Joint's" Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, and said that help of the Society for the Protection of Israeli organisation concerned with the welfare next year, on its 30th anniversary, he would Science and Learning. He held various posi­ of the aged. The Leo Baeck Charitable Trust again be conducting it. tions in this country, teaching ancient history assisted victims of the Nazis mainly outside the at Bedford College, London, from 1946 until United Kingdom. FRITZ SCHWARZSCHILD 70 1957, first as Lecturer then as Reader. From 1950, when it was set up, and Decem­ For many readers the name of Fritz In June of this year he was made a Litt. ber, 1965, the J.T.C. distributed a total of Schwarzschild, who recently celebrated his D.h.c. at Cambridge after having been granted almost 136J million DM. (about £12,135,000). 70th birthday in New York, will revive mem­ the Grosse Verdienstkreuz der Bundesrepublik. Jewish communities and their organisations in ories of their formative years in the Jewish On his birthday he will be presented with a Germany received about £2J million, the Youth Movement of pre-war Germany. He Festschrift written by a number of his British Central British Fund just under £2 million, played a leading part in the work ot the colleagues. the "Joint" about £1,770,000 and the Leo " Verband juedischer Jugendvereine Deutsch­ Professor Ehrenberg is an interested mem­ Baeck Charitable Trust about £800,000. The lands " ("Neutraler Verband") and, for ber of the AJR and also a contributor to AJR largest amount, about £3,570,000, went to the several years, was its general secretary. His Information. We extend to him our sincerest Jewish Agency. activities brought him into personal contact birthday wishes.

Catering HVYA a difference OUTSTANDING foods of all nations for formal or Informal occasions—in your own hom« 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' NEW LIBERAL JEWISH or any venue. Cold Buffet Specialist Free consultations—please 'phone Nursery and Kindergarten Any venue—parties up to 30. CONGREGATION Complete satisfaction guaranteed. Mrs. ILLY LIEBERMAN 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.3 'Phone : GLAdstone 3893 invite you and your Prospectus from the Principal. HAM. 1662 between 9 and 11 a.m. WEStern 2872 friends to come to their

Hotel Pension CHANUKAH BAZAAR SIMAR HOUSE The Exclusive ARLET The private Continental Hotel SATURDAY. NOV. 19 MRS. L. SCHWARZ Salon de Corseterie 77 ST. GABRIEL'S ROAD. LONOON, N.W.2 10-12 Herbert Road Tel.: GLA. 4029 from 5 p.m. Exquisitely furnished rooms for visitors BOURNEMOUTH WEST and permanent guests. Mme H. LIEBERG Central heating. TV. Radios, Garden. As always, the House with the SUNDAY, NOV. 20 home-1 ike otmosphere 871 FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.ll and its beautiful gardens. Do you want comfort and 'Phone : SPEedwell 8673 1 1 a.m. to 7 p.m every convenience, CENTRALLY HEATED OPEN FOR WINTER RESIDENTS at First-Class Accommodation AND PERMANENT GUESTS. Ready-nnade and to measure. room with own bath, excellent Continental Within easy reach of Sea and Town Centre Newest shades in hosiery. food, TV lounge, gardens ? Mrs. MARGOT SMITH 51 Belsize Square, N.W.S Mrs. A. WOLFF, 'Phone : Westbourno 64176 EXPERT & QUALIFIED FITTERS (near Swiss Cottage) 3 Hemstal Road, N.W.6 or write to the above address. (MAI. 8521) Page 12 AJR INFORMATION November, 1966

World Refugee Year has in one year provided LETTERS TO THE EDITOR a contribution of psychological importance. VotlTS etc THE LEGEND OF THE ARAB REFUGEES some 50,000 old and sick, some 50,000 Muslims (Dr.) WALTER PINNER. whom the tender Christian majority in 1 York Road, Birmingham, 16. (A reply to Norman Bentwich's article, Lebanon does not want to settle, but to whom Professor Norman Bentwich writes: I know of the dispute about the numbers of the Arab "The Endless Problem of Refugees", no Muslim country is allowed to offer a home, refugees, and for that reason I wrote in my published in our October issue.) and about 200,000 in Jordan and Gaza. article more than half of the IJ million men, women and children registered for help from the Sir,—One of the tragic features of the Arab These 200,000—ond some of the "Economic United Nations Relief and Works Agency . . ..'• Refugees "—find difficulties (or often enjoy the How many of these are refugees genuinely in Refugee Legend is that the Arab propaganda need it is not possible to say.—Ed., AJR. statistics and their reflection in the Reports laziness of camp-life), as the consequence of the VJ-year-old boycott against Israel, which ISRAEL'S NEW KNESSET BUILDING of Unrwa are believed even by Jewish men of has become a suicidal Arab-self-boycott. the rank of Norman Bentwich. Sir,—Supplementing Dr. Freeden's report in EDUCATION (and Health Services) are the the September issue of AJR Information, it More than half of the 1,280,000 refugees fields where Unrwa—ivith the help of Unesco should be noted that the First Prize in a com­ recorded for 1965 either settled during the last and Uno—has done immeasurable service to petition for this building was won by the 16 years or are statistical duplications and the communities of refugees (and non- Jerusalem architect, Mr. Josef Klarwein (horn include half a million pre-1948 residents of refugees). All boys and nearly all girls are in Poland, educated in Germany) nine years West Jordan and the Gaza Strip, which are now sent to primary and even secondary ago. Pictures of the design published at that counted in under the pretext that they are schools—a complete revolution from the Arab time (e.g., in "The Architect's Joumal", "Economic Refugees". At least half of the educational standards of 1948. London), did not show "pseudo-Hellenistic", number of genuine refugees are in fact settled but only plain and simple concrete columns. and not " in need " any more. FUNDS: of Unrwa's budget 70% is paid Mr. Klarwein is a noted architect who has by the U.S.A., 20% by the British Common­ won quite a number of prizes in competitions. The still unsolved Arab Refugee problem is wealth and nearly all the other 10% by 30 Yours, etc., now one of about 300,000 people, composed of different countries and private donors. The Ramat Gan J. RAPHAEL.

BRASSIERES, CORSETS JEWISH BOOKS HIGHEST PRICES RABEIVSTEIN Ltd. AND CORSELETS Kosher Butchers, Poulterers of all kinds, new and second-hand. paid for and All made to measura Whole Libraries and Single Volumes Gentlemen's cast-off Clothing, Sausage Manufacturers MRS. A. MAYER Under supervision of the Beth Din bought. Taleisim. Bookbinding. Suitcases, Trunks, etc. 'Phone No.: SPE. 1451 Wholesalers and Retailers M. SULZBACHER WE GO ANYWHERE. ANY TIVE of first-class PHOTOCOPIES UWISH a, HEBREW BOOKS (also purchase) QUICK and RELIABLE Continental Sausages 4 Sneath Avenue, Golders Green Rd., S. DIENSTAG GOLDERSTAT London, N.W.II. Tel.: SPE. 1694 (HAMpstead 0748) Daily Deliveries 25 Downham Road, N.l 11 Fairhazel Gardens, N.W.6 'Phone : CLIssold 5464 (5 lines) •Phone : MAI. 3224 and MAI. 9236 54 Goldert Gardeni, N.W.II 'Phone : SPEedwell 5643 GRANGE TRAVEL SERVICE LTD. 59 COLDHARBOUR LANE, HAYES, MIDDLESEX DEUTSCHE BUECHER Tel.: HAYes 5517-9. Cables: Grange, Hayes, Middx. Under the personal supervision of MR. 1. Wir interessieren uns auch Aus alien Wistenagebieten, BARON. M.T.A.l.. DIRECTOR & GENERAL MANAGER ALWAYS AT YOUR PERSONAL SERVICE fur Ihre mitgebrachten BibliophiU iind Erttoutgabea, deutschen Bucher und Autographen, llluttrierte Werka FOR ALL TRAVEL, TOURS, CAR BOOKINGS AND INSURANCE, Autographen AIR ANO RAIL TICKETS, HOTEL RESERVATIONS, TRAVELLERS' STETS GESUCHT! CHEQUES & FOREIGN CURRENCIES,SIGHTSEEING & EXCURSIONS, LIBRIS (LONDON) LTD. THEATRE TICKETS, AGENTS FOR ALL TOUR OPERATORS. R. & E. STEINER (BOOKS) 38a BOUNDARY ROAD, TOURS TO ISRAEL A SPECIALITY LONDON, N.W.S 5 Garson House, Gloucester Director : Dr. 1. Suschltilcy Terrace, London, W.2 'Phone : MAI. 3030 Tel.: AMBassador 1564 The WIGMORE LAUNDRYltd. H. KAUFMANN L. A. PREECE CONTINENTAL LAUNDRY SPECIALISTS Painting Gr Decorating FIRST-CLASS INTERIOR Specialising in Most London Districts Served DECORATOR High-class Interior Decorating Special prices during winter season. SHE. 4575 brings us by radio 201 Wembley Hill Rood, 67 Highview Gardens, Edgware, Write or 'phone the Manager, 24-hour telephone service Wembley, Middx. (ARNold 5525) Middlesex. Telephone : STOnegrove 5835 MR. E. HEARN, 1 STRONSA ROAD, LONDON, W.12 LUGGAGE REPAIRS Larg* selection of atl types of travel goods. THE DORICE especially Air Travel Cases. AJR CHARITABLE TRUST All travel goods repaired. Continental Cuisine—Licensed Old trunks and cases bought. These are the ways in which you can help : FAIRFIELD & FUCHS 169a Finchley Rood, N.W.3 CONTRIBUTIONS UNDER COVENANT 267 West End Lane, N.W.6 (MAI. 6301) 'Phone HAMpstead 2602 PARTIES CATERED FOR (in lieu of your membership subscription to the AJR). A Covenant commits the covenanter for a period of seven years or during his life, whichever period is shorter. £L ft (ELECTRICAL I TR CHANGE OF ADDRESS R GIFTS IN YOUR UFETIME A BEQUEST IN YOUR WILL • »•• ^*. INSTALLATIONS) *i • t^' In order to ensure that you get 199b Belsize Rood, N.W.6 your copy of " AJR Information " Ask for particulars from : The Secretary, AJR Charitable Trust, MAI. 2646/KIL. 2646 regularly, please be sure to inform 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, N.W.3. Electrical Contractors & Stockists US immediately of any chonge of SPACE DONATED BY TRACE CUTTERS LTD., BRITANNIA WORKS. 25 ST. PANCRAS of all Electrical Appliances. address. WAY. N.W.1. OFFICIALLY APPOINTEO HOOVER SERVICE DEALERS

Published by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain, 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, N.W.3. 'Phone: MAIda Vale 9096 (General Office and Administration of Homes) ; MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency and Social Services Department) Printed at the Sharon Press, 31 Furnival Street, E.C.4