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Concise Ancient History of Indonesia.Pdf
CONCISE ANCIENT HISTORY OF INDONESIA CONCISE ANCIENT HISTORY O F INDONESIA BY SATYAWATI SULEIMAN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION JAKARTA Copyright by The Archaeological Foundation ]or The National Archaeological Institute 1974 Sponsored by The Ford Foundation Printed by Djambatan — Jakarta Percetakan Endang CONTENTS Preface • • VI I. The Prehistory of Indonesia 1 Early man ; The Foodgathering Stage or Palaeolithic ; The Developed Stage of Foodgathering or Epi-Palaeo- lithic ; The Foodproducing Stage or Neolithic ; The Stage of Craftsmanship or The Early Metal Stage. II. The first contacts with Hinduism and Buddhism 10 III. The first inscriptions 14 IV. Sumatra — The rise of Srivijaya 16 V. Sanjayas and Shailendras 19 VI. Shailendras in Sumatra • •.. 23 VII. Java from 860 A.D. to the 12th century • • 27 VIII. Singhasari • • 30 IX. Majapahit 33 X. The Nusantara : The other islands 38 West Java ; Bali ; Sumatra ; Kalimantan. Bibliography 52 V PREFACE This book is intended to serve as a framework for the ancient history of Indonesia in a concise form. Published for the first time more than a decade ago as a booklet in a modest cyclostyled shape by the Cultural Department of the Indonesian Embassy in India, it has been revised several times in Jakarta in the same form to keep up to date with new discoveries and current theories. Since it seemed to have filled a need felt by foreigners as well as Indonesians to obtain an elementary knowledge of Indonesia's past, it has been thought wise to publish it now in a printed form with the aim to reach a larger public than before. -
Development of Majapahit Batik's Design
1. Development of Majapahit Batik’s Design: Digital-Based Creativity Management Setyawan1, Anung B. Studyanto2 Abstract This article discusses the creative process of Majapahit Batik’s design development through the digital-based creativity management. Creativity management offers a new dimension to the development of Majapahit Batik’s design in terms of visual, aesthetic practice, and the process of cultivating a digital-based design (computer graphics). In particular, this article will describe how digital-based creativity management can be a model development of Majapahit Batik’s design that is more innovative, effective, and suitable for every context of the times. Keywords Design, Majapahit Batik, Digital 1. Introduction Batik Majapahit saved the tremendous potential in the form of historical and artistic wealth as the legacy of Majapahit Batik is batik that made by batik artisans Majapahit Kingdom. Majapahit's heritage itself offers in Trowulan, Mojokerto, and surrounding areas that is different nuances in aesthetic, iconographic, symbolic, inspired and reprocessed the results of the cultural art and visual styles (Kieven, 2014). Although there are relics of the Majapahit era in terms of visual, philosophy, many opportunities for the Batik Majapahit and cultural values. The existence of Majapahit Batik development, but it stagnated in the creation of creative cannot be separated from the belief that since the days of batik motifs. One of the causes of stagnancy is due to Majapahit there is already similar cloth like batik. These lack of creative innovation of Majapahit Batik motif in beliefs can be traced from some notes or evidence that terms of visual, aesthetic, and creative process leads to Majapahit Batik. -
6 CHAPTER 2 THEORITICAL FOUDNATION 2.1 Theories Of
6 CHAPTER 2 THEORITICAL FOUDNATION 2.1 Theories of Picture Book A picture book combines visual and verbal narratives in one medium which is in a book format. The illustration can be made with different range of media, digitally or manually (Sipe,1998). Picture book is called a picture book, because the illustrations dominate the text and they are both equally important (Summer,2013). Yet, there are several picture books are told completely by pictures only. For this particular project, the use of a well-balanced text and illustrations to introduce young readers about animals is necessary, because it will be an educational picture book for young readers not just a story book. 2.2 Theories of Picture Book Roles Picture book is written to help children discover about their surroundings, it is also a written artifact that transmit cultural information and values their surroundings. Books that children read and learn with, including used in classrooms for educational, can impact their self-awareness (Chaudhri & Teale,2013) and help them to establish a positive self-identity (Hall,2008; Levin,2007). Picture book can be an educational tool, most children can interact with it. Consequently picture books contents are matters (Koss,2015). Therefore, picture book is chosen as the main media to educate and raise young readers early awareness toward endemic animals of Indonesia. This picture book will include colorful and contemporary illustrations to gain young readers attention. It will also include fun facts about each of the endangered animal with simple words and short paragraph to help young children 7 understand the information easily. -
Traditional Culture: a Step Forward for Protection in Indonesia Peter A
American University Washington College of Law Digital Commons @ American University Washington College of Law Traditional Knowledge and Culture Public Impact 1-1-2009 Traditional Culture: A Step Forward for Protection in Indonesia Peter A. Jaszi American University Washington College of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/ pijip_trad_knowledge Part of the Intellectual Property Commons Recommended Citation Jaszi, Peter I. Traditional Culture: A Step Forward for Protection in Indonesia - A Research Report. Jakarta, Indonesia: Institute for Press and Development Studies, 2009. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Public Impact at Digital Commons @ American University Washington College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Traditional Knowledge and Culture by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ American University Washington College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. I. INDONSESIAN TRADITIONAL ARTS – ISSUES ARTICULTED BY ARTISTS AND COMMUNITY LEADERS AND POSSIBLE RESPONSES A. Background of the project The question of whether law can intervene usefully in support of the traditional arts is not a new one. In fact, it is fundamental to the post- colonial legal discourse, which emerged in its own right in the 1970’s, in response to more and more new states taking account of their national resources—including intangible ones. The international discussion that was launched more than 40 years ago continues to this day, with the Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore (IGC) of the World Intellectual Property Organization providing much of the leadership. -
Ecotourism at Nusa Penida MPA, Bali: a Pilot for Community Based Approaches to Support the Sustainable Marine Resources Management
Ecotourism at Nusa Penida MPA, Bali: A pilot for community based approaches to support the sustainable marine resources management Presented by Johannes Subijanto Coral Triangle Center Coauthors: S.W.H. Djohani and M. Welly Jl. Danau Tamblingan 78, Sanur, Bali, Indonesia International Conference on Climate Change and Coral Reef Conservation, Okinawa Japan, 30 June 2013 Nusa Penida Islands General features Community, Biodiversity, Aesthetics, Culture, Social-economics • Southeast of Bali Island • Nusa Penida Islands: Penida, Lembongan and Ceningan Islands • Klungkung District – 16 administrative villages, 40 traditional villages (mostly Balinese)- 45.000 inhabitants • Fishers, tourism workers, seaweed farmers, farmers, cattle ranchers • Coral reefs (300 species), mola-mola, manta rays, cetaceans, sharks, mangroves (13 species), seagrass (8 species) • Devotion to tradition, rituals and culture, preserving sacred temples: Pura Penataran Ped, Pura Batu Medauh, Pura Giri Putri and Pura Puncak Mundi. Local Balinese Cultural Festival Marine Recreational Operations Table corals Manta ray (Manta birostris) Oceanic Sunfish (Mola mola) Historical Background Historical Background • 2008 - Initiated cooperation TNC/CTC – Klungkung District Government • Ecological surveys – baseline data • 2009 - Working group on Nusa Penida MPA Establishment (local government agencies, traditional community groups, NGO) • Focus Group Discussions – public consultations & awareness • Marine Area reserved for MPA – 20.057 hectares - Klungkung District Decree no. 12 of -
Pemanfaatan Candi Gunung Gangsir
PEMANFAATAN CANDI GUNUNG GANGSIR: UPAYA MENUMBUHKAN KESADARAN SEJARAH SISWA SMAN 1 PURWOSARI MELALUI METODE OUTDOOR LEARNING (UTILIZATION OF GANGSIR MOUNTAIN TEMPLE: EFFORTS TO GROW HISTORY AWARENESS OF SMAN 1 PURWOSARI STUDENTS THROUGH OUTDOOR LEARNING METHOD) Akhmad Fajar Ma’rufin STMIK Yadika Bangil Shela Dwi Utari Universitas Negeri Malang [email protected] ABSTRACT Theresearch aims to analyze: (1) the history of Gangsir Mountain Temple, (2) the architectural form of Gangsir Mountain Temple, and (3) efforts to growhistory awareness ofSMAN 1 Purwosari students through outdoor learning method using of cultural preservation of Gangsir Mountain Temple. The method of this research is qualitative. The footage used in this research is purposive sampling with criterion selection. Data collection is done by direct observations, interviews, and recording documents. Data validation is done by triangulation. The used data analysis is an interactive analysis model, namely collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the research concluded that (1) Gangsir Mountain Temple is one of the cultural heritage remains of Medang KamulanKingdom, a continuation of the Ancient Mataram. The temple is located in Beji, Pasuruan, (2) the temple architecture can be concluded as a combination of Central and East Javanese styles but the Gangsir Mountain Temple is more inclined to the Ancient Mataram style. Ancient Mataram style can be seen from the reliefs on the temple walls of Gangsir Mountain and supported by the parama -
Bělahan and the Division of Airlangga's Realm
ROY E. JORDAAN Bělahan and the division of Airlangga’s realm Introduction While investigating the role of the Śailendra dynasty in early eastern Javanese history, I became interested in exploring what relationship King Airlangga had to this famous dynasty. The present excursion to the royal bathing pla- ce at Bělahan is an art-historical supplement to my inquiries, the findings of which have been published elsewhere (Jordaan 2006a). As this is a visit to a little-known archaeological site, I will first provide some background on the historical connection, and the significance of Bělahan for ongoing research on the Śailendras. The central figure in this historical reconstruction is Airlangga (991-circa 1052 CE), the ruler who managed to unite eastern Java after its disintegration into several petty kingdoms following the death of King Dharmawangśa Těguh and the nobility during the destruction of the eastern Javanese capital in 1006 (Krom 1913). From 1021 to 1037, the name of princess Śrī Sanggrāmawijaya Dharmaprasādottunggadewī (henceforth Sanggrāmawijaya) appears in sev- eral of Airlangga’s edicts as the person holding the prominent position of rakryān mahāmantri i hino (‘First Minister’), second only to the king. Based on the findings of the first part of my research, I maintain that Sanggrāmawijaya was the daughter of the similarly named Śailendra king, Śrī Sanggrāma- wijayottunggavarman, who was the ruler of the kingdom of Śrīvijaya at the time. It seems plausible that the Śailendra princess was given in marriage to Airlangga to cement a political entente between the Śailendras and the Javanese. This conclusion supports an early theory of C.C. -
Filosofi Dan Penerapan Konsepsi Bunga Padma Dalam Perwujudan Arsitektur Tradisional Bali
Langkau Betang, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2016 FILOSOFI DAN PENERAPAN KONSEPSI BUNGA PADMA DALAM PERWUJUDAN ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL BALI I Nyoman Widya Paramadhyaksa Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Udayana [email protected] Abstrak Padma adalah sebutan bunga teratai merah dalam bahasa Sanskerta. Padma tumbuh secara alami di media lumpur dengan kandungan air yang cukup. Akarnya tumbuh menjalar di media tanah, batangnya terendam di air, sedangkan daunnya yang lebar mengapung di permukaan air. Bunga padma yang sedang mekar berada di atas permukaan air, menengadah, bersih dari noda lumpur, dengan kelopaknya yang merekah sempurna ke segala arah. Karakter fisik padma yang sedemikian rupa ini telah lama melahirkan ilham dijadikannya padma sebagai bunga suci dalam ajaran Hindu dan Buddha. Dalam seni lukis dan seni arca timur, padma juga sering dijadikan lapik atau atribut yang digenggam tokoh dewa-dewi tertentu. Di Bali, padma juga dijadikan sebagai konsepsi dasar wujud bangunan suci dan arah mata angin. Kelopak-kelopak bunga padma yang merekah sempurna sering kali dikaitkan dengan keberadaan delapan arah mata angin utama yang diyakini dijaga oleh para dewata utama pula. Tulisan ini merupakan ringkasan dari suatu kajian yang menerapkan metode hermeneutik tentang filosofi bunga padma dan keterkaitannya dengan konsep arah mata angin utama yang dikenal dalam tatanan arsitektur tradisional Bali. Pada beberapa bagian juga akan dipaparkan gambaran wujud penerapan konsepsi bunga padma tersebut dalam berbagai perwujudan arsitektur tradisional Bali. Hasil akhir penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Konsepsi Padma ini telah terejawantahkan dalam tata ruang Pulau Bali, tata mandala pura, seni bangunan suci, dan seni ikonografis arca tradisional Bali. Kata kunci: Padma, delapan arah mata angin, konsepsi, arsitektur tradisional Bali. -
Character Education Value in the Ngendar Tradition in Piodalan at Penataran Agung Temple
Vol. 2 No. 2 October 2018 Character Education Value in the Ngendar Tradition in Piodalan at Penataran Agung Temple By: Kadek Widiastuti1, Heny Perbowosari2 12Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri Denpasar E-mail : [email protected] Received: August 1, 2018 Accepted: September 2, 2018 Published: October 31, 2018 Abstract The ways to realize the generation which has a character can be apply in the social education through culture values, social ideology and religions, there are in Ngendar’ traditions that was doing by the children’s in Banjar Sekarmukti, Pangsan Village, Petang District, Badung regency. The purpose of this research to analyze the character values from Ngendar tradition. The types of this research are qualitative which ethnographic approach is. These location of this research in Puseh Pungit temple in Penataran Agung areal, Banjar Sekarmukti, Pangsan Village. Researcher using purposive sampling technique to determine information, collecting the data’s using observation, interviews, literature studies and documentation. The descriptive qualitative technique’ that are use to data analyses. The result of this research to show; first is process of Ngendar as heritage that celebrated in six months as an expression about grateful to the God (Ida Sang Hyang Widi Wasa). The reasons why these traditions’ always celebrated by the children’s are affected from holiness, customs and cultures. Second, Ngendar on the naming the characters which is as understanding character children’s with their religion that are affected by two things, the naming about religion behavior with way reprimand and appreciation through their confidence (Sradha) and Karma Phala Sradha. Next function is to grow their awareness. -
Sustainable Tourism Approach in Trowulan Heritage Destination – Mojokerto, East Java
Sustainable Tourism Approach in Trowulan Heritage Destination – Mojokerto, East Java 1st Diena Mutiara Lemy1, 2nd Elang Kusumo2 {[email protected], [email protected]} Universitas Pelita Harapan, School of Hospitality and Tourism, UPH Tower D 3rd floor Lippo Village Karawaci Tangerang Indonesia1,2 Abstract. Trowulan as one of cultural heritage tourism sites in Indonesia has a strategic role in building the national identity, considering that Trowulan is the center of Majapahit, a large kingdom around the 13th century whose territory covered the territory of the present Indonesia to the Malay peninsula. The Trowulan site is currently under the management of the East Java Cultural Heritage Preservation Center (BPCB), Directorate General of Culture, Ministry of Education and Culture. The focus of BPCB in managing this site is Rescue, Secure, Maintenance and Development of cultural heritage. Some problems related to the discovery of cultural heritage objects and interest conflicts of local people in earning a living in the land area become critical issues that should be addressed. Based on the description above, this paper reviews the Sustainable Tourism approach to help overcome the problems in Trowulan. Keywords: sustainable tourism, Trowulan, cultural heritage tourism, Majapahit kingdom 1 Introduction Majapahit Kingdom (Majapahit) is one of powerful kingdoms in Indonesia. Founded by Raden Wijaya in 1293 AD, Majapahit reached its peak in 1350 - 1389 under King Hayam Wuruk [1]. The center of Majapahit, based on the results of research and archaeological remains, is the Trowulan site. Trowulan Site is a very important historical area. The Trowulan site is located 70 km southwest of Surabaya in the Trowulan District area (Mojokerto Regency, East Java). -
Understanding the Nusantara Thought and Local Wisdom As an Aspect of the Indonesian Education
TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, 2(2) 2011 Understanding the Nusantara Thought and Local Wisdom as an Aspect of the Indonesian Education Irmayanti Meliono ABSTRACT: This paper discusses of the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, and the Indonesian education. The complex, dynamic, and eclectic nature of the Indonesian cultures are based on the ethnics that have settled in Indonesia for some centuries and the foreign cultures of India, Arab, Dutch, China and others. The synthesis of these mixed cultures has caused the people of Nusantara then, now Indonesia, have a certain perception on a reality of life. It reϔlects the awareness of the people of Nusantara of their world-view and thoughts about values, symbols, and local wisdom. Therefore, the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, and multiculturalism are appropriate teaching material for the education of the Indonesian youth as they edify some values such as nationalism, harmony, and moral to build an identity. Finally, it is to institute an educational program in all levels such as teaching a cultural overview and a correct teaching method to present a teaching material using the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, and multiculturalism. This is a critical step to take as globalization has been fast in the ϔield of education, science, and technology. KEY WORDS: Culture of Indonesia, the Nusantara thought, local wisdom, multiculturalism, and education of the young generation. INTRODUCTION Education is one of the appropriate media that is accurate and effective to create a young generation who is able to generate an inquiring mind, wise, open-minded, and constructive attitude. The systemic education which contains the complimentary subsystems, distributed to the regions in the Indonesian archipelago, and to the different level of state and private educational institutions. -
Mahkamah Agu Mahkamah Agung
Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia putusan.mahkamahagung.go.id P U T U S A N Nomor 173/Pdt.Bth/2019/PN Mlg DEMI KEADILAN BERDASARKAN KETUHANAN YANG MAHA ESA Mahkamah AgungPengadilan Negeri Republik Malang yang memeriksa dan Indonesia memutus perkara perdata pada tingkat pertama, telah menjatuhkan putusan sebagai berikut dalam perkara perlawanan antara : -------------------------------------------------------- 1. YUDHA SISWANA, NIK 3507252509600002, lahir di Surabaya pada tanggal 25-September-1960, Agama Islam, Kebangsaan Indonesia, pekerjaan wiraswasta, alamat Jl. Sumber Wuni No. 151 RT.001/RW.005 Kalirejo – Lawang – Malang ; ------------------------- Selanjutnya mohon disebut sebagai ...................................PELAWAN I ; 2. MARIA WIDYAWATI, NIK 350725660359003, lahir di Malang pada tanggal 26-Maret-1959, Agama Islam, Kebangsaan Indonesia, Agama Islam, Kebangsaan Indonesia, pekerjaan mengurus rumah tangga, alamat Jl. Sumber Wuni No. 151 RT.001/RW.005 Kalirejo – Lawang - Malang ; ----------------------------------------------------------- Selanjutnya mohon disebut sebagai………………………...PELAWAN II ; Atau kesemuanya disebut sebagai……………………PARA PELAWAN ; Mahkamah AgungDalam hal ini Para Republik Pelawan memberikan kuasa kepadaIndonesia ANDIKA HENDRAWANTO, SH,MH, AHMAD FITRAH WIJAYA, SH, UMAR FARUK, SH, SUMANTO, SH, kesemuanya Advokat dan Penasehat Hukum, yang dalam hal ini memilih kedudukan hukum pada kantor Team Pembela TEMPAT PENDIDIKAN AL-QUR’AN yang berkantor di Sekretariat FKPQ (Forum Komunikasi Pendidikan Al-Qur’an)