District Environmental Plan for Ranchi District Jharkhand

Home , Getalsud Dam, Jharkhand, Ranchi, Ranchi district

DISTRICT ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN FOR RANCHI DISTRICT JHARKHAND

PREPARED BY DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION-RANCHI Foreword

As per the order passed on 26.09.2019 in O.A. No. 360/218 by the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal, regarding the essence of having a District Environment Plan (DEP) and its operation by the District Environment Committee, a District Environment Plan has been formulated for Ranchi, the state Capital of Jharkhand.

The importance of waste management and disposal has been increasingly recognized during the past two decades. It is now generally accepted that economic development strategies must be compatible with environmental goals. This requires the incorporation of environmental dimensions into the process of development and with the circular economy gaining acceptance and more importantly a strategy for sustainable development, waste management strategies can be aligned to reduce environmental degradation. It is important to make choices and decisions that will eventually promote sound development by understanding the environment functions.

The proposed plan has been prepared as per the framework give by the Central Pollution Control Board and also by the state pollution control board. The plan has been prepared across the 7 thematic areas and 64 action areas as mentioned in the format given by CPCB. Ranchi has been one of the most populated cities in Jharkhand and houses most of the government departments and other institutions. It generates huge volume of waste of all kinds. Though district administration and its organs has been actively involved in the management of waste but this proposed plan is an effort to put practices in writing so that it can be referred back for designing strategy to combat the waste management in a circular economy model.

Administration has been accepting the principle of waste management of projects at the planning stage and hence environmental management plans has been mandatory for making any project operational. The challenge was to provide the appropriate tools to undertake waste management plan. The proposed plan will help in different institutions making arrangement for the safe and scientific disposal of the waste generated out of the activities under taken by communities. This plan will help in developing systems for the safe and scientific disposal of the waste from the seven thematic areas. The plan is the result of the collaborative efforts from main line departments and different institutions under district administration.

We would like to thank very one involved in the process of preparing the District Environment Plan and we believe with the joint and collaborative efforts we will be able to make a cleaner, safer and environmentally sound Ranchi.

Sri Ashok Kumar Dubey Sri Chavi Ranjan Divisional Forest Officer District Collector Ranchi Ranchi

INDEX

A. INTRODUCTION Page 04-05 B. CHAPTER- I - A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF RANCHI DISTRICT Page 06-08 C. CHAPTER- II- WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN ⮚ (2.1) Solid Waste Management Plan……………..Page 09- 14 ⮚ (2.2) Plastic Waste Management Plan Page 15- 19 ⮚ (2.3) C&D Waste Management Plan .Page 20-24 ⮚ (2.4) Bio- Medical Waste Management Plan Page 25- 29 ⮚ (2.5) Hazardous Waste Management Plan Page 30- 32 ⮚ (2.6) E- Waste Management Plan………………...Page 33-34 ⮚ (2.7) Water Quality Management Plan Page 35- 38 ⮚ (2.8) Domestic Sewage Management Plan Page 39-42 ⮚ (2.9) Industrial Waste Water Management Plan….Page 43-44 ⮚ (2.10) Air Quality Management Plan .Page 45-47 ⮚ (2.11) Mining Activity Management Plan Page 48- 54 ⮚ (2.12) Noise Pollution Management Plan………...Page 55-56 ⮚ (2.13) Data for District Environment Plan .Page 57- 81

D. CHAPTER-III- CONCLUSION ……….Page 102

ANNEXURES - 82 to 101

❖ Annexure I- Special Secretary, Forest, Environment & Climate Change, Govt of Jharkhand Letter ❖ Annexure II- Ranchi Municipal Corporation Drain Survey Report ❖ Annexure III- Sewage Treatment Plant Details ❖ Annexure IV- Access to Surface Water and Ground Water Quality Data at DM Office, Ranchi ❖ Annexure V- Availability of Water Quality Data of Getalsud & Buchaopa Reservoir ❖ Annexure VI- Monthly Average Value of NAMP Station present in Ranchi District

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 01: - Jharkhand District Map Showing Ranchi District ...... Page 7

Figure 02: - Ranchi Topographic Map ...... Page 8

Figure 03: - Management of Plastic Waste ...... Page 17 Figure 04: - Hierarchy for C & D Waste Management ...... Page 22 Figure 05: - River Map of Ranchi District ...... Page 34

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Basic details about Solid Waste Generation…………………………………….Page 12 Table 2: Stakeholders responsible for implementation of Solid Waste Management ……Page 13 Table 3: Basic details about Plastic Waste Generation……………………………………Page 18 Table 4: Stakeholders responsible for implementation of Plastic Waste Management……Page 18 Table 5: Stakeholders involved in implementation of C&D Waste Management…………Page 24 Table 6: Stakeholders responsible for implementing Bio-Medical Waste Management.....Page 27 Table 7: Stakeholders responsible for hazardous waste management plan………………..Page 30 Table 8: Stakeholders responsible for implementing E-Waste Management Plan………..Page 33 Table 9: Stakeholders responsible for management of water quality…………………..….Page 36 Table 10: Stakeholders responsible for Domestic Sewage Management Plan……….……Page 39 Table 11: Stakeholders responsible for implementation of Air Quality Management…….Page 43 Table 12: Stakeholders responsible for implementation of Mining Management Plan..….Page 50 Table 13: Stakeholders responsible in implementation of Noise Management Plan………Page 52

ABBREVIATIONS 2

AQM: AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT. BWG: BULK WASTE GENERATOR. BMWM: BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT. BDO: BLOCK DEVELOPMENT OFFICER CAAQMS: CENTRAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. CPCB: CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD. CO: CIRCLE OFFICER. C&D: CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION. CBMWTF: COMMON BIO-MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL FACILITY. CETP: COMMON EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT. CAPEX: CAPITAL EXPENDITURES. DC: DEPUTY COMMISSIONER. DEP: DISTRICT ENVIRONMENT PLAN. DFO: DISTRICT FOREST OFFICER. DHW: DOMESTIC HAZARDOUS WASTE. EWM: ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT. ETP: EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT. HCF: HEALTH CARE FACILITES HWM: HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT HW: HAZARDOUS WASTE. ICT: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY. IWW: INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER. RMC: RANCHI MUNICIPAL CORPORATION. BNP: BUNDU NAGAR PANCHAYAT. JSPCB: JHARKHAND STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD. MRF: MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITY. MT: METRIC TONS. MOEF & CC: MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE. NGO: NON- GOVERNMENT ORGANISATIONS. NGT: NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL. OPEX: OPERATING EXPENSES.

INTRODUCTION

Hon’ble National Green Tribunal in O.A. No. -360/2018, dated 26/09/2019 ordered regarding constitution of District Committee (as a part of District Planning Committee under Article 243 ZD) under Articles 243 G, 243 W, 243 ZD read with Schedules 11 and 12 and Rule 15 of the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.

In the above said order, it is stated that among others: - ‘Chief Secretaries may personally monitor compliance of environmental norms (including BMW Rules) with the District Magistrate once every month. The District Magistrates may conduct such monitoring twice every month. We find it necessary to add that in view of Constitutional provisions under Articles 243 G, 243 W, 243 ZD read with Schedules 11 and 12 and Rule 15 of the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 it is necessary to have a District Environment Plan to be operated by a District committee (as a part of District Planning Committee under Article 243 ZD)

In this regard, Special Secretary, Forest, Environment & Climate Change, Govt of Jharkhand vide memo No- Parya/Pradu/37/2006-2334, dated 10.05.2017 instructed the District Administration to prepare District Environmental Plan by constituting District Environment Committee (as a part of District Planning Committee) with representatives from Superintendent of Police, Regional Officers, State Pollution Control Board, Civil Surgeon, District Mining Officer, Water Resource Department, Chief Factory Inspector, Local Bodies, and a suitable officer representing the administration, which may in turn be chaired and monitored by the District Collector.

As per the directions, District Environment Committee in respect of Ranchi district was formed to evolve and execute District Environmental Plan in the Ranchi District. (Attached as Annexure- I)

This Environment plan has been prepared in line with the model District Environment Plan (DEP) of CPCB and covers following thematic areas:

1. Waste Management Plan

● Solid Waste Management Plan ● Plastic Waste Management ● C&D Waste Management ● Biomedical Waste Management ● Hazardous Waste Management 4

● E-Waste Waste Management

2. Water Quality Management Plan

3. Domestic Sewage Management Plan

4. Industrial Wastewater Management Plan

5. Air Quality Management Plan

6. Mining Activity Management plan

7. Noise Pollution Management Plan

CHAPTER- I

A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF RANCHI DISTRICT

Ranchi is located in the state of Jharkhand and is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state in Eastern India. Ranchi city, the capital of Jharkhand state is the district headquarters; it was made the capital of Jharkhand state which was formed in 2000 from Bihar state. Presently, Ranchi district is divided into 2 sub-divisions and 14 administrative blocks. As of 2011 it is the most populous district of Jharkhand (out of 24). The district is a part of the Red Corridor.

Figure 01: - Jharkhand District Map Showing Ranchi District

Location & Geographical Area

Ranchi is located on the southern part of the Chota Nagpur plateau which forms the eastern edge of the Deccan plateau. Ranchi District total area is about 5,097 km2 (1,968 sq. mi). Ranchi on the globe is located at 23°21′N 85°20′E. The total area covered by the Ranchi municipal area is 175.12 square kilometres and the average elevation of the city is 651m above sea level.

Topography

Figure 02: - Ranchi topographic map, elevation, relief. Coordinates: 23.21004 85.16501 23.53004 85.48501

Minimum elevation: 1,627 ft

Maximum elevation: 3,298 ft

Average elevation: 2,129 ft

⮚ Climate: Ranchi has a humid subtropical climate. However, due to its position and the forests around the city, it is known for its pleasant climate. Its climate is the primary reason why Ranchi was once the summer capital of the undivided State of Bihar. Ranchi used to be a preferable hill station in the past. Temperature ranges from maximum 42 to 20 °C during summer and from 25 to 0 °C during winter. December and January are the coolest months with temperature getting to freezing point in some places of the city? The annual rainfall is about 1430 mm (56.34 inches). From June to September the rainfall is about 1,100 mm. ⮚ Availability of Minerals: Mainly Stone, Brick clay, Sand, Limestone, Granite. ⮚ Forest: - Ranchi district has Reserved Protected area covering about 30836 hectares and Protected Forest area of about 148618 hectares. According to the latest Indian State of Forest Report (ISFR) published by Forest Survey of India in 2018, Ranchi

increased its forest area by 10 sq. km since 2015, the highest increase among all the districts in Jharkhand. This increase happened despite rapid urbanization and development in the city. Major Forest Trees are Sal, Dhaura, Mahua, Kendu, Bamboo, Asan etc and Major products of forest are Timber, Palas, Firewood, Mahua seed. Administrative set up: -Ranchi, Capital of Jharkhand is divided into Ranchi and Bundu subdivisions and each subdivision is further divided into blocks, panchayats and villages. It consists of 18 blocks and 305 panchayats. Under Ranchi Subdivision, there are 14 blocks and Bundu Subdivision consists of 4 blocks. Ranchi, in its modern form, is the capital city of the Indian state of Jharkhand. The city has a moderate climate and was the summer capital of Bihar until Jharkhand was separated in the year 2000. It is popularly known as a “City of Water Falls”. The Deputy Commissioner is the head of District administration. He also acts as the Collector in case of Revenue matters, as District Development Commissioner in case of District Developmental works, as District Magistrate in case of maintenance of Law and Order and General Administration, as District Election Officer in case of conduct of Election. He is assisted by Sub Divisional Magistrate heading a sub division.

Administrative Setup of Ranchi Includes: ❖ Collectorate ❖ Tehsil ❖ Police ❖ Subdivision & Blocks ❖ Village & Panchayats ❖ Constituency

CHAPTER- II

WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

(2.1) Solid Waste Management Plan

Solid waste management is one of the most essential services for maintaining the quality of life in the urban areas and for ensuring better standards of health and sanitation. In India, this service falls short of the desired level as the systems adopted are outdated and inefficient. Institutional weakness, shortage of human and financial resources, improper choice of technology, inadequate coverage and lack of short- and long-term planning are responsible for the inadequacy of services.

In 2016, the Union Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change came up with the new Solid Waste Management Rules (SWM). These rules are the sixth category of waste management rules and do not include plastic, e-waste, biomedical, hazardous and construction and demolition waste.

As per these new rules ‘waste’ is defined as solid waste alone which is generated by all the households, hospitality industry, big and small market vendors. These rules are applicable beyond municipal areas and extend to urban agglomerations, census towns, notified industrial townships, areas under the control of Indian Railways, airports, airbase, port and harbor, defence establishments, special economic zones, State and Central government organizations, places of pilgrims, religious & historical importance.

10 Things That You Need To Know About Solid Waste Management Rules 2016

Segregation of Waste is Important

(As per the new rules, all waste generators should start segregating their waste into three categories – Biodegradables, Dry Waste (Plastic, Paper, metal, Wood) and Domestic Hazardous Waste (diapers, napkins, mosquito repellents, cleaning agents) before they hand it over to the collectors)

Collection and Disposal of Sanitary Napkins

(In order to manage the sanitary waste like diapers and sanitary pads effectively, the new guidelines have made it mandatory for the manufacturers to provide a pouch or wrapper for disposal whenever they sell their products to the customer)

Introduction of New Things – User Fees and Spot Fines

(Under the new rules, waste generators will have to pay some amount to the waste collectors for activities like collection, disposal, and processing of waste)

Collect Back System for Non-biodegradable Packaging Waste (The new guidelines say that the brand owners who sell or market their products in packaging material which are non‐biodegradable or are not environmentally friendly, will have to put a system in place to collect back the packaging waste generated due to their production)

A Bin Is A Must for Street Vendors (All street vendor should keep suitable containers or bins for storage of the waste generated by them such as food waste, disposable plates, cups, cans, wrappers, coconut shells, leftover food, vegetables, fruits etc. They are also responsible for their own waste and should deposit their waste at a waste storage depot or container or vehicle as notified by the local authority)

Guidelines for The Over-growing Landfills (No non-recyclable waste having calorific value of 1500 K/Cal/kg or more shall be disposed in the landfills)

Waste Processing and Treatment Guidelines (The new rules advise that the bio-degradable waste should be processed, treated and disposed of through composting or bio-methanation within the premises as far as possible and the residual waste shall be given to the waste collectors or agency as directed by the local authority)

Involvement of Ragpickers (The new rules help in the integration of ragpickers, waste pickers and kabadiwalas from the informal sector to the formal sector by the state government)

Guidelines for Municipal Authorities (All local bodies are required to set up few by-laws regarding waste management, segregation of waste within their society. They are also required to set up a system in place so as the process of waste segregation can be followed smoothly by all waste generators. They are also required to promote the idea of composting, waste segregation and waste management through different educative campaigns)

The Process of Monitoring (The government has also established a Central Monitoring Committee under the chairmanship of Secretary, MoEF&CC to monitor the overall implementation of the rules effectively. It is advised that the committee comprising of various stakeholders from the central and state governments will meet once a year to discuss and monitor the implementation of these rules)

(2.1.1) Present Scenario in the district: In Ranchi District, there are 01 No. of ULBs namely Ranchi Municipal Corporation, and 01 No. of Nagar Panchayats namely Bundu Nagar Panchayat. The ULBs on an average generates about 556.89 Metric Tonnes of waste per day. The quantities of waste are also growing with each passing year.

Table: - 01: Basic details about Solid Waste Generation

Sl. Name of ULB Population (As per No of Total Waste No. 2011census) (Lakhs) Household Generated per day (in MT) 01 Ranchi Municipal 10.7 207636 547 MT per day Corporation 02 Bundu Nagar 21054 4455 9.89 MT per day Panchayat

(2.1.2) Action Plan for the management of Solid Waste: - Solid waste is to be managed in accordance with the Solid Waste management Rules, 2016 issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. Solid waste majorly comprises of biodegradable waste and non-biodegradable waste. Biodegradable waste can e used for composting as it is the easiest and simplest way to manage solid bio-degradable waste into something fruitful. Compost pits can be constructed at local levels and that can be used at households for kitchen garden or nutrition garden. At least 50% of the non-biodegradable wastes can be recycled and reused if these are sorted properly. Non-biodegradable waste contains recyclable (paper, plastic, glass and metal etc.), toxic substances (paints, pesticides, used batteries, medicines etc.) and non-recyclable wastes that can in many ways pose huge threats to the environment by adding up to pollutants. Once that cannot be reused shall be dumped into the landfills. Landfills are a cause of leaching chemicals and toxic substances into the water table and thus posing huge threats to the biotic species. Table: - 02: Stakeholders responsible for implementation of Solid Waste Management

Sl. Action Points Strategy and Approach Stake holders No. responsible

01 Collection, Solid waste will be managed in accordance ULBs namely RMC Segregation & with & Bundu Nagar Treatment of Panchayat the SWM Rules, 2016 solid waste 02 Strengthening All ULB staff will be trained to impart ULBs the capacities adequate knowledge for the proper implementation of sustainable Solid Waste of the ULBs Management Logistic infrastructure to be make available from the Financial allocation made by the Govt in this regard

03 Notification and ULBs will frame bye-laws incorporating the ULBs provisions of SWM Rules, 2016 and notify Implementation accordingly. of By Laws

04 Awareness Public awareness to be created through IEC ULB campaign with participation of SHGs, NGOs, NGOs students. Leaflets explaining waste segregation practice to be distributed in the entire SHGs household. Inspection of Schools

Sl. Action Points Strategy and Approach Stake holders No. responsible

05 Monitoring and Executive Officers of ULBs will time to time Executive Officers of Review monitor/review the performance of their ULBs respective ULB on waste segregation, District Level processing, treatment and disposal and take corrective measures. District Level Committee Committee will also sit bi-monthly to review the status of execution of SWM.

Note: - One number of Solid Waste Processing Plant has been proposed namely Solid Waste Processing Facility of Production with capacity Organic Compost and Bio Gas-63 MT/month at Mauza- Gutuhatu, Bundu, District- Ranchi.

Additionally, the concept of circular economy is introduced in context to solid waste management. Unlike the linear economy, based on an extensive use of resources, which has negative impacts on environment due to the waste generation, the circular economy involves the reutilization of the materials such as the waste from the manufacturing process to become a potential materials source for another process. The central idea is to retain resources in the production processes based on their reutilization, by producing more value added for a longer period of time, in a production system as closed as possible. The adoption of the circular economy concept refers mostly to two distinct directions: customer interface (by proposing value to customers) and suppliers’ networks by reconciliation of the producer’s own internal activity. No matter the direction, it is generally considered that the circular economy is a combination of three main concepts: Reducing resources consumption, Reusing waste and Recycling activities. The concept of sustainable development had evolved in time and is based on the long-term vision of development that takes into account more and more the need to assure the equity between countries and generations and the interconnections between the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. The current technological evolutions make it necessary to take into account the technological sector mostly in the context of the amplified importance of the knowledge and innovative based economy. The concept of “circular economy” as a strategy for waste elimination has been broadly adopted in the business world. Companies have sought to achieve “zero waste” by finding uses for discarded materials and closing the loop in their supply network. Circularity not only offers economic benefits and reduces a company’s ecological footprint, 13 but also increases both business and community resilience by reducing dependence upon scarce resources and long-distance supply chains. The concept has been implemented by progressive business leaders as a cost-effective means of improving corporate sustainability and resilience (Ellen MacArthur Foundation 2017).

With the city generating close to 547 MT/day waste out of which 335 Mt/day is the wet waste which is mostly bio degradable and can be used for composting. With 60% of this waste being fit to composting as per data of the municipal bodies, it can help in generating 150.75 MT/day of compost which worth Rs.7, 53,750/day at the rate of compost selling at Rs.5000/MT.

Further the solid waste can be recycled and authorized vendors can be put for making a circular economy operation which can help in generating revenues for the corporation and may help in creating better facilities for communities in the catchment area.

Further with the population growing at an average of 15 to 20 percent per decade, it is expected to increase and this will help in generating revenues for the municiplal corporations and can create more job opportunities.

(2.2) Plastic Waste Management Plan

Plastic products have become an integral part of our daily life as a result of which the polymer is produced at a massive scale worldwide. On an average, production of plastic globally crosses 150 Million tonnes per year. Its broad range of application is in packaging films, wrapping materials, shopping and garbage bags, fluid containers, clothing, toys, household and industrial products, and building materials.

It is estimated that approximately 70% of plastic packaging products are converted into plastic waste in a short span. Once plastic is discarded after its utility is over, it is known as plastic waste. It is a fact that plastic waste never degrades, and remains on landscape for several years. Mostly, plastic waste is recyclable but recycled products are more harmful to the environment as this contains additives.

The recycling of a virgin plastic material can be done 2-3 times only, because after every recycling, the plastic material deteriorates due to thermal pressure and its life span is reduced. Hence recycling is not a safe and permanent solution for plastic waste disposal. It has been observed that disposal of plastic waste is a serious concern due to improper collection and segregation system.

(2.2.1) Harmful Effects of Plastics: -

Plastic is versatile, lightweight, flexible, moisture resistant, strong, and relatively inexpensive. Those are the attractive qualities that lead us, around the world, to such a voracious appetite and overconsumption of plastic goods. However, durable and very slow to degrade, plastic materials that are used in the production of so many products, ultimately, become waste. Our tremendous attraction to plastic, coupled with an undeniable behavioral propensity of increasingly over-consuming, discarding, littering and thus polluting, has become a combination of lethal nature. The disposal of plastics is one of the least recognized and most highly problematic areas of plastic’s ecological impact. Ironically, one of plastic’s most desirable traits: its durability and resistance to decomposition, is also the source of one of its greatest liabilities when it comes to the disposal of plastics. Natural organisms have a very difficult time breaking down the synthetic chemical bonds in plastic, creating the tremendous problem of the material’s persistence. A very small amount of total plastic production (less than 10%) is effectively recycled; the remaining plastic is sent to landfills, where it is destined to remain entombed in limbo for hundreds of thousands of years, or to incinerators, where its toxic compounds are spewed throughout the atmosphere to be 15 accumulated in biotic forms throughout the surrounding ecosystems.

Plastic Pollution leads to contamination of Groundwater Pollution in Oceans

Causing Damage to flora and fauna and disruption of human health

(2.2.2) Types of Plastics: - There are seven types of plastic which include: 1. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETE or PET) 2. High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) 3. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) 4. Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) 5. Polypropylene (PP) 6. Polystyrene or Styrofoam (PS) 7. Miscellaneous plastics (includes: polycarbonate, polylactide, acrylic, acrylonitrile butadiene, styrene, fiberglass, and nylon)

Plastics are generally categorized into two types: - a) Thermoplastics: Thermoplastics or Thermo-softening plastics are the plastics which soften on heating and can be moulded into desired shape such as PET, HDPE, LDPE, PP, PVC, PS etc. b) Thermosets: Thermoset or thermosetting plastics strengthen on heating, but cannot be remoulded or recycled such as Sheet Moulding Compounds (SMC), Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP), Bakelite etc. are the examples of the same.

Figure 03: - Management of Plastic Waste

(2.2.3) Present Scenario in the district: The ULB (RMC) on an average generates about 70 Metric Tonnes of Plastic waste (PW) per day. It has been observed that disposal of plastic waste is a serious concern due to improper collection and segregation system.

Table: - 03 Basic details about the Plastic Waste Generation

Name of Population Area in sq. Number of Estimated ULB (Lakhs) kilometers households quantity of PW in the generated per town day (in MT) Ranchi 10.7 175.12 square 2076 70 36 Municipal kilometers Corporati on Bundu 21054 - 4455 not estimated Nagar Pancha yat

(2.2.4) Action Plan for the management of Plastic Waste: -

Plastic are of wide varieties. These can be used in different ways like plastic mulching, plastic roads. Plastic decks and railings, plastic crafts.

Each one of them has a different importance. Plastic mulching will help in reducing evapo- transpiration; plastic roads will create a more sturdy and more durable with great resistance towards rain water and cold weather. Recycled plastic decks are made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastics which can be derived from the plastic bags, chips and candy wrappers, food covers and other such thin plastic materials which are used as wrapping materials. The Self-Help Groups can be trained for making crafts out of the plastic. These plastics can be shredded and used for multipurpose handicrafts items that can be sold by the SHGs in the fairs and mela organised at various levels. This will provide them a source of livelihood and help in reducing plastic waste in the district.

Table: - 04 Stakeholders responsible for implementing Plastic Waste Management

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 1. Implementation Door to Door collection, Segregated Waste ULBs of collection, Plastic waste collection at MRF, Collection Authorization of PW pickers, PW collection Centres to be ensured

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 2. Establishment List of PROs of producers/NGO to be ULBs of linkage collected and steps to be taken for with initiating linkage as per SWMR- 2016 – Stakeholders ULB 3. Availability of Each ULBs in consultation with ULBs and facilities for Department of Industry will prepare plan Department of Recycling or for setting up facilities for Recycling or Industry utilization of utilization of PW. PW 4. Implementation of To Ensure Implementation of PW ULBs PW Management Management Rules, 2016, ULBs in Rules, 2016 association with District administration will conduct Surprise inspection on the commercial establishments for the eradication of banned plastic and imposes fine for those who store, sell and use the same. Public Awareness and participation also to be created in this regard 5. Implementation of ULBs will identify Producers/Brand-owners ULBs Extended and will act in accordance with Govt Producers policies/notifications in this regard Responsibility (EPR) through Producers/ Brand owners

The concept of circular economy in context to the plastic waste management; The circular economy is an alternative to the current linear, make, use, dispose, economy model, which aims to keep resources in use for as long as possible, to extract the maximum value from them whilst in use, and to recover and regenerate products and materials at the end of their service life. The circular economy promotes a production and consumption model that is restorative and regenerative by design. It is designed to ensure that the value of products, materials, and resources is maintained in the economy at the highest utility and value, for as long as possible, while minimizing waste generation, by designing out waste and hazardous materials. Use plastic waste as a resource: Remanufacturing into new products has been widely demonstrated, for example, for making bricks and composites, in road construction, for furniture, as well as for making clothes and footwear. Plastic waste has also been converted to liquid fuel and has been burned as fuel in a waste-to-energy cycle, though there are downsides to the latter. Through chemical recycling, the petrochemical components of plastic polymers can also be recovered for use in producing new plastics, or for the production of other chemicals, or as an alternative fuel. For example, a recent study successfully developed plastics that can be chemically recycled and reused infinitely. Studies 18 also suggest that polyethylene plastic, a significant proportion of manufactured plastics globally, can be broken down by bacteria and caterpillars, highlighting opportunities for bio- based recycling of waste plastics.

The use of plastics to prepare roads has been successfully demonstrated and it has been found that 3 tons of plastic is needed for constructing 1 kilometers of road and with the city generating 70 MT/day it can be used to construct 22 Kms of road. These roads are comparatively not affected by water loggings and it happens with the conventional roads. It will save lots of money for the government and also help in reducing land degradation and also water related issues as plastic creates an impervious layer preventing percolation of water in the ground. It will also help in reducing untimely death of the stray cattle due to chocking of the intestine with plastics.

Authorized vendors can be contacted for segregating and taking it for use or recycling with making payments to the municipal corporations. It will be win-win situations for the corporation and recyclers both. Most importantly it will reduce environmental pollution and degradation in the long run.

(2.3) C&D Waste Management Plan

Unlike other rules addressing various key urban wastes such as MSW, plastic wastes, BMW, the Construction and Demolition (C & D) Waste Management Guidelines on Environmental Management of C & D Wastes (CPCB, 2017) 2 Rules, 2016 are NEW rules that were notified on 29th March, 2016 by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC).

As per Rule 3 (c) "construction and demolition waste" means waste comprising of building materials, debris and rubble resulting from construction, re-modelling, repair and demolition of any civil structure.

Under Rule 3, the following definitions have been provided:

Construction (Subrule (b) "construction" means the process of erecting of building or built facility or other structure, or building of infrastructure including alteration in these entities)

De-Construction (Subrule (d) “de-construction” means a planned selective demolition in which salvage, re-use and recycling of the demolished structure is maximized)

Demolition (Subrule (e) “demolition” means breaking down or tearing down buildings and other structures either manually or using mechanical force (by various equipment) or by implosion using explosives)

(2.3.1) Activities which generate C & D waste in cities / towns are mainly from:

⮚ Demolition of existing, old dilapidated structures ⮚ Renovation of existing buildings (residential or commercial) ⮚ Construction of new buildings (residential or commercial or hotel etc.) ⮚ Excavation/ reconstruction of asphalt/ concrete roads ⮚ Construction of new fly over bridges/ under bridges/ sub-ways etc

⮚ Renovation/ Installation of new water/ telephone/ internet/ sewer pipe lines etc. vii. Present collection and disposal system.

(2.3.2) Thrust areas in C & D waste management – National Building Code (NBC)

Some key thrust areas regarding C & D waste reuse / recycling:

⮚ Establish utilization of C & D wastes in concrete and concrete based products by preparing standards. ⮚ Quality control and certification. ⮚ Need for popularizing products from C & D waste. ⮚ R&D activities on continuous basis in tandem with manufacturing industry and users. ⮚ Achieving environment protection through C & D waste utilization. ⮚ Optimizing utilization pattern of traditional materials by interfacing the same with supplementary materials.

(2.3.3) Present scenario in the district

The ULB mainly RMC generates about 50 MT of C & D wastes per day. On the other hand, Bundu Nagar Panchayat generates about 5-6 Tonnes Per Day of C &D waste.

Figure 04: - Hierarchy for C & D waste management

(2.3.4) Action Plan for the management of C & D Waste: -

In material recovery and production, specifically in the reuse and recycling of materials, closing resource loops is the main strategy employed for an effective framework in the reuse and recycling of Construction & Demolition Waste. The recirculation of recovered resources in the life cycle allows the use in new construction applications, avoiding the use of virgin raw materials. Material reuse is the practice of using applicable building materials again while recycling requires the breaking down of used items to make new materials and objects. Construction & Demolition Waste material recovery and production in the circular economy should be an integral part of the economy; reuse and recycling construction & demolition waste could save landfill, save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and achieve environmental sustainability. Following the framework effectively would lead to extending of product/material value, provide long life to the material, and extend the resource value of Construction & Demolition Waste. The ones that can be reused shall be dumped in open landfills and plantation on the top of the landfill can be done, which will contribute in increasing the green cover.

Few examples of best practices in Indian C&D waste management taken up by different bodies: Civic bodies, industries, and other organizations have become increasingly aware of the problems of C&D waste and have begun to undertake some measures for C&D waste processing. Several C&D waste management projects that have been implemented across various locations in India can be reviewed and analyzed for best practices (BMTPC, 2018; Development Alternatives, 2017). 1. The first C&D waste processing plant in India was commissioned in 2010 at Burari in North Delhi under a Public Private Partnership (PPP) agreement between North Delhi Municipal Corporation and ILFS Environmental Infrastructure & Services Ltd (IEISL) for treatment of 500 TPD C&D waste on a pilot basis. The plant currently operates at a processing capacity of 2000 TPD and demonstrates an economically feasible business model that could be adopted across India. Both dry and wet processing have been adoptedto recycle and process about 95% of incoming C&D waste into aggregates, manufactured sand, and finished products such as paver blocks, concrete bricks, drain slabs, etc. The produced materials meet Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) codes for construction applications and have been recommended for preferential procurement by public agencies. Three other C&D waste recycling plants have been commissioned by the Government of NCT of Delhi to cover all zones of Delhi. A second plant of capacity 500 TPD at Shastri Park in Delhi started operations in 2016. 2. Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC) started a C&D waste processing plant of capacity 1100 TPD in 2014 under a PPP agreement with Amdavad Enviro Projects Pvt. Ltd (AEP). The plant currently operates at 300 TPD and processes C&D waste into aggregates, which in turn are used to prepare finished products such as paver blocks, concrete tiles, pre- cast toilets, park benches, etc. The preferential procurement policy of AMC facilitates the use of these products in government infrastructure projects. 22

3. A C&D waste recycling plant was set up by M/s Enzyme India Pvt. Ltd in 2014 for recycling 150 TPD of C&D waste at the project site of ‘Re-development of East Kidwai Nagar, New Delhi’. The plant worked on PPP agreement with 100% buyback of recycled products by National Buildings Construction Corporation (NBCC). The recycled produce such as fine/coarse aggregates and manufactured soil were used as fill material and in the manufacture of downstream products like RMC, bricks, tiles, and blocks. 4. A non-governmental organization named ‘Youth for Unity and Voluntary Action (YUVA)’ undertook recycling of 1500 tonnes of C&D waste generated from City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra Ltd (CIDCO)- YUVA Building Center (CYBC) in Kharghar, Mumbai during the period 2002–2006. The C&D recycling demonstration manufactured building materials such as bricks, blocks, concrete, sand substitute, and coarse aggregates.

Table 05: Stakeholders involved in implementation of C& D waste Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 1. Inventory of C&D ⮚ Survey of construction activities and waste generation others involved in C & D waste generators under the jurisdiction of ULB.

⮚ Identify regular bulk waste generators (Contractors or ULBs Builders)

⮚ Distribution of Staffs in Collecting, Transporting and Processing of C & D

⮚ Treatment of C & D Wastes or Transformation 2. Implement scheme ⮚ Contractors/Builders should have or a) ULB Staffs for permitting bulk obtain registration id in the respective b) C & D waste generators ULBs to collect & transfer the C & D Wastes generators Wastes to the C & D Deposition Centre for treatment c) Contractors/ Builders ⮚ The Generators should contact the ULB staffs or d) C & D Constructors/Builders Deposition Centre staffs ⮚ The generators should be charged as per by law

3. Establishment of ⮚ Identify and allocation of land for a) ULBs C&D Waste deposition centre Deposition centres b) Respective ⮚ Construction and fencing of NGOs (If deposition centre present) ⮚ Identify the transportation point

4. Implementation ⮚ Publish notification for registration of C a) ULB Staffs of By-Laws for & D Waste generators, generator b) C & D C & D Waste charge, transportation cost, selling price, Deposition Management etc. By- Laws Centre staffs 5. Establishment ⮚ Involve NGOs or to start-ups to a) NGOs (If of C&D establish a C&D Waste recycling Present) Waste plant b) Start-ups recycling ⮚ Any ULB initiative (if possible) plant or c) ULBs linkage with such facility

Since the idea of circular economy is gaining momentum and with the COVID killing lots of physical jobs, authorized vendors for use of the C & D waste will help in creating jobs and will also help in reducing pollution due to these waste. The materials which cannot be used by the recyclers can be used for land filling in the abandoned mines which will help in reclamation of land. Further this land can be put to use for plantation to increase green cover and multipurpose trees may be planted to get benefits for community and government both.

(2.4) Bio- Medical Waste Management Plan

‘Biomedical waste’ (BMW) means any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or research activities

A lot of the waste from Health Care Facilities is infectious biological material or objects, which although they are considered “communal” waste, are in fact contaminated. These latter items include textiles, bandages, syringes, and other objects exposed to infection through contact with patients.

Very much of the waste from hospitals is made up of special surgical instruments, such as surgical implants and other implements employed during operations.

(2.4.1) Present Scenario in the district:

There are about 551 healthcare facilities including Pvt Nursing Homes in the district and 294 Clinical Lab/Dental Clinic in the district which produces about 2 Lakhs Kg/Annum of Bio Medical Waste.

Those HCFs which have been granted CTE/CTO by JSPCB, Ranchi are linked with Common Bio- Medical Waste Treatment Facilities (CBMWTFs) for the proper disposal of Bio- Medical Waste, which is present outside the District.

(2.4.2) Action Plan for the management of Bio- Medical Waste: -

Thermal processes, irradiation processes and mechanical processes are ways used for treating bio-medical waste. Incineration, autoclaving, microwave irradiation, solar disinfection and chemical methods are means of treating biomedical waste. In the past, doctors routinely sterilized and reused medical tools like bandages and syringes. However, with the invention of polymers and other advanced biomedical materials, disposable medical products were designed to minimize infection. Safe and well-managed incineration to ensure that waste is fully burnt and there are no toxic emissions from CBWTFs: During incineration, a CBWTF has to ensure that the temperature in the primary chamber is around 800ºC and the temperature in the secondary chamber is around 1,050ºC. The gas residence time in the secondary chamber must be at least 2 seconds. The incinerator must have an efficiency of at least 99 per cent.

Since the biomedical wastes are serious issues and with the COVID playing a major role in slowing economy the disposal of the bio medical waste takes paramount importance and authorized vendors can be contacted for safe disposal of the waste.

Table 06: Stakeholders responsible for implanting Bio-Medical Waste Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible Stakeholders No.

1. Collection, Biomedical Waste to be managed in All Concerned Health Segregation & accordance with the Bio Medical Care Facilities Treatment of Waste Management Rules, 2016. Bio- Medical waste

2. Preparation of Inventorization of Occupiers and a) Civil Surgeon ‘Inventory of data on biomedical waste generation, b) Concerned District Biomedical treatment & disposal which are to be Animal Husbandry Waste updated at least two times each year Officer Generation’ c) Concerned CBMWTFs 3. Capacity HCF should be made aware of their a) Civil Surgeon building/trainin roles and responsibilities under the b) Health Care Officials g of HCFs Bio Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 For proper c) CBMWTFs management of the waste in the healthcare facilities the technical requirements of waste handling are needed to be understood and practiced by each category of the staff in accordance with the BMWM Rules, 2016.

4. Authorizatio Every HCFs will be asked to get a) JSPCB n of HCFs authorization from JSPC Board b) Civil Surgeon Ranchi, Jharkhand as per the Bio Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 and Clinical Establishment from Civil Surgeon under Clinical Establishments (Registration and Regulation) Act, 2010 5. Biomedical Matter relating to setting up a a) District Waste Common Biomedical Waste Administration Treatment and Treatment and Disposal Facilities b) JSPCB Disposal (CBMWTFs) in the district will be Facilities taken up with Health Dept./PCB c) Health Department (CBMWTFs) 26

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible Stakeholders No.

6. Monitoring ⮚ District Level Monitoring a) District and Review Committee under the Administration chairmanship of DC, Ranchi b) Civil Surgeon to monitor the compliance of the provisions of these rules c) JSPCB by the HCFs d) PHED ⮚ The District Level e) ULBs Monitoring Committee will comprise of Civil Surgeon, representatives from JSPCB Jharkhand, Public Health & Engineering Department, & ULBs.

Techniques of biomedical waste management include incineration, autoclaving, microwave irradiation, solar disinfection and chemical methods.

Thermal processes-These processes utilise heat to disinfect and they operate depending on the temperature. This includes incineration, autoclaving,

Incineration: This is a process of burning certain medical wastes such as wastes generated from veterinary facilities, medical research centres, pathological, trace chemotherapy and non-hazardous pharmaceutical wastes as it is considered the safest and most effective means of treatment and prevents harm to the environment. These wastes include both infectious and non-infectious and general housekeeping wastes. The only thing to be kept in mind is that the incinerated waste should be completely burned or else inadequately incinerated wastes can release pollutants that might be harmful. Researches have shown that population living near the old incinerators have a risk of getting cancer by 3.5%. Easiest way to get rid of bio-medical wastes is to incinerate them.

Solar Disinfection: This method uses the thermal effect of solar rays for disinfecting the biomedical waste. It can be used as a low cost technique for the countries which cannot afford costly treatment methods. It cannot be used for the treatment of cytotoxic, hazardous or radioactive waste.

Autoclaving: This is a thermal process in which waste comes in direct contact with steam in a controlled manner for disinfecting the waste for a sufficient duration. For easy treatment and for safety during operation, the horizontal system is preferred, specially designed for

treatment purpose. According to a research, for effective inactivation of microorganisms27 and bacterial spores, for a small amount of waste, a 121C temperature is required for 60 minutes. But autoclaves allow treatment for only limited quantities of the waste and release harmful gases.

Irradiation processes-In these processes, wastes are exposed to ultraviolet or ionizing radiation in an enclosed chamber. These systems require post shredding to render the waste unrecognizable.

Microwave Irradiation: In microwave irradiation method, the inactivation of microbial infection is done by using the heating effect of electromagnet rays. The frequency of these rays lies between 300 and 300,000 MHz. Most of the microorganisms gets destroyed a frequency of about 2450 MHz.

Chemical processes-In this process chemicals act as disinfectants. Chemicals such as Sodium hypochlorite, dissolved chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, dry inorganic chemical and ozone are examples of such chemicals. Most chemical processes are water- intensive and require neutralising agents.

Mechanical processes- Mechanical process involves the breaking down or the distortion of the physical form of the wastes in order to further treat the residues by either disposing them off to the secured landfills and burying them 3-4 metres below ground level and later covering them with soil. The pit where the wastes are buried should be covered with lime within 50 cm of the surface, before filling the rest of the pit with soil. Multipurpose plants can then be planted over it for the local people to use, such plants include those that have medicinal use. It is a must see that the secured landfills are not accessible to grazing animals.

Each and every healthcare facilities which generates biomedical waste, needs to set up requisite treatment facilities to ensure proper treatment of wastes and its disposal so as to minimise risk of exposure to staff, patients, doctors and the community from biomedical hazards. Safe and effective management of biomedical waste is not only a legal necessity but also a social responsibility.

Few measures are listed below: Biomedical Waste marked vehicles must be increased. - Alternatives transport must be used to collect the waste in case the driver is not present or bad condition of vehicles. - Biomedical Waste vehicles should be covered properly to prevent the waste from leaking. - Biomedical Waste should not be mixed with other municipal waste. 28

- Red/Yellow/Blue/Black Colour code for Biomedical Waste must be followed. - Regular training programme should be organised for the staff. - Biomedical Waste Management Board must be established in each district.

(2.5) Hazardous Waste Management Plan

Hazardous wastes are those that may contain toxic substances generated from industrial, hospital, some types of household wastes. These wastes could be corrosive, inflammable, explosive, or react when exposed to other materials. Some hazardous wastes are highly toxic to environment including humans, animals, and plants.It comprises the waste generated during the manufacturing processes of the commercial products such as industries involved in petroleum refining, production of pharmaceuticals, petroleum, paint, aluminium, electronic products etc.

Hazardous Waste management is a major challenge in urban areas throughout the world. Without an effective and efficient waste management program, the waste generated from various human activities, both industrial and domestic, can result in health hazards and have a negative impact on the environment.

(2.5.1) Present Scenario in the district:

There are 55 Nos. of Hazardous wastes generating unit present in the District which is generating around 54410 MT/Annum (including Incinerable, Landfillable & Recyclable hazardous waste) of Hazardous Waste.

(2.5.2) Action Plan for the management of Hazardous Waste: - Hazardous waste can be in multiple forms. One out of many forms are paint cans, deodorant bottles, detergent water etc. Household waste also contributes to hazardous waste. Using these paint cans and deodorant bottles by recycling it can reduce the environmental impact of hazardous waste, adding to optimal utilization of resources and also create an employment opportunity for the vendor who will be involved in purchasing these reusable materials. hazardous waste, adding to optimal utilisation of resources and also create an employment opportunity for the vendor who will be involved in purchasing these reusable materials.

Hazardous waste that cannot be reused shall be dumped in landfill sites, provided the area should be away from habitation and shouldn’t impact the biotic species in and around the landfill site. It should be dumped 3 to 4 meters below ground.

Dumping these will reduce the mortality count of biotic species in the district, thus conserving the ecosystem.

Table 07: Stakeholders responsible for Hazardous Waste Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 1. Preparation of ‘Inventory Including Manufacturer /recycler/ a) District of Hazardous Waste refurbisher /handler of Lead Acid Administrator Generators’ battery, and other lead b) Department of scrap/ashes/residues not covered Industries under Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 c) Executive officer of ULBs

d) JSPCB 2. Awareness/training ULBs take necessary steps for a) Department of of Waste public awareness and importance Industries Generators of segregation of potentially b) ULBs hazardous domestic waste. c) JSPCB Training on Handling/disposal will be provided to informal sector persons who are engaged in trading, dismantling, and recycling of e- waste/batteries. 3. Authorization of All Hazardous Waste generating JSPCB Industries industries shall obtain hazardous waste authorization from State PCB under Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016

4. Waste deposition ULBs will establish waste ULBs centres for domestic deposition centres for domestic hazardous waste hazardous waste and give direction for waste generators to deposit domestic hazardous wastes at this centre for its safe disposal.

5. Monitoring of Compliance ⮚ District Level Monitoring District Level Committee under the Monitoring chairmanship of DC, Committee Ranchi to monitor the compliance of the provisions of Hazardous waste Management Rules

⮚ The District Level Monitoring Committee will comprise of Officials of Department of Industries, representatives from JSPCB, Public Health & Engineering Department, ULBs as members among others.

Measures for hazardous waste management –

• Selection and registration of vendors for collecting hazardous waste • Training selected vendors for handing of hazardous waste • Linkage with the companies for reuse of the usable materials

(2.6) E- Waste Management Plan

Electronic Waste is emerging as a serious public health and environmental issue in India.[1] India is the "fifth largest electronic waste producer in the world"; approximately 2 million tons of e-waste are generated annually and an undisclosed amount of e-waste is imported from other countries around the world.

Electronic waste or E-Waste describes discarded electrical or electronic devices. Used electronics which are destined for refurbishment, reuse, resale, salvage recycling through material recovery, or disposal are also considered e-waste.

(2.6.1) Present Scenario in the district:

At present E-waste management is in nascent stage in the district and collection centres established by PRO (Production responsibility organization) regarding collection of E-waste which are in operation are approx. 11 in number. Initially only informal trading, dismantling, and recycling of e-waste by concerned mobile service centres etc exists in the District.

(2.6.2) Action Plan for the management of E- Waste: - The citizens have a very important role to play in e-waste management. We casually throw many small gadgets along with dumped waste and many people openly burn those accumulated waste. A number of hazardous substances such as dioxins and furans are released in the process which we breathe. In order to minimize the e-waste; proper sorting of e-waste has to be done in the first step. The ones that can be used further shall be sold to the vendors, and those parts can be used in the other devices. Whereas, the ones that cannot be further reused, shall be dumped in the landfill 6 feet under the ground, plantation can be done on those landfill. Relevant authority from Municipal Corporation can contact the vendor, named Deshwal Waste Management Private Limited, Deshwal Waste Management Private Limited has obtained authorizations from the appropriate governmental agency for their processing facilities. Deshwal Waste Management Pvt. Ltd who is our Authorized Recycler collects it and transports it to the collection centre. No fee is charged from the consumer for giving the goods for recycling and there is no monetary benefit included in the Recycling Program.

Table 08: Stakeholders responsible for implementing E-Waste Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 1. Collection of ⮚ Collection Centres to be E- Waste established by ULBs in District Executive Officers of ⮚ Door to door collection ULBs ⮚ Authorizing E-Waste collectors

2. Control E-Waste Creation of Awareness on E- a) District related pollution Waste handling and disposal Administration and Awareness b) ULBs c) NGOs

Facts on e waste

• Producing a computer along with its monitor takes at least 1.5 tons of water, 48 pounds of chemicals, and 530 pounds of fossil fuels. • Compared to disposal in landfills or by incinerators, reusing or recycling computers can create 296 more jobs per year for every 10,000 tons of computer waste processed. • Only 20% of e-waste is documented to have been collected and recycled, despite high- value recoverable materials such as copper and gold. • By recycling 1 million cell phones, more than 35,000 pounds of copper, 33 pounds of palladium, 772 pounds of silver, and 75 pounds of gold can be recovered. • The excessive amount of lead in e-waste, if released into the environment, could cause severe damage to human blood and kidneys, as well as central and peripheral nervous systems

Action plan

• Linkage with certified e Waste management company operating in Jharkhand • ‘Sanshodhan: An E-Waste Exchange’ is a digital platform available for corporates and society to directly transfer their electronic waste to government authorized, technically competent e-waste recyclers. “Smart, convenient, transparent, sustainable and economically valuable,” the platform aims to serve urban citizens and businesses that consume electronic and electrical equipment and to enable development of e-waste-free smart cities. 34

(2.7) Water Quality Management Plan

The River Subarnarekha stretch is from Hatia Dam to Jamshedpur and probable sources of pollution are from: - Industrial area effluent discharge and Domestic Sewerage discharge.

Figure: - 05 River Map of Ranchi District

(2.7.1) Action Plan for the management of Water Quality: - Water management plan will provide information about current water uses and charts a course for water efficiency improvements, conservation activities, and water-reduction goals. The plan establishes the priorities and helps to allocate funding for water-efficiency projects that provides the biggest impact.

The proposed plan is in line with the-

• Policy statement that ties water management plan to the long-term need of the district • Will also help in planning of resource allocation to meet the water management plan.

Understanding the current water uses and costs is essential to a comprehensive plan. This step involves collecting water and cost data and determining a baseline that will be used to

calculate cost savings and determine overall water reduction potential associated with water- efficiency opportunities.

At the facility level, this task includes the following sub steps:

Determine the marginal per-unit cost of water and sewer service

Verify the appropriate rate structure is applied

Identify services the utility might provide to help manage water efficiently.

Utility information should include the following for potable and non potable water:

Contact information for all water and wastewater utilities

Current rate schedules and alternative schedules that are appropriate for a particular use or facility type to ensure the best rate

Copies of water and sewer bills for the past two years to identify inaccuracies and ensure the appropriate rate structure is applied

Information about rebates or technical assistance from the utilities to help with facility water planning and implementing water-efficiency programs. Energy utilities often offer assistance with water-efficiency programs

Contact information for the federal agency or office that pays the water and sewer bills

Production information if the facility produces its water or treats its own wastewater, or both.

After collecting water use data, take the following sub steps:

Determine a baseline annual water use for a specific year or an average water use over several years. If monthly data are available, plot the monthly use over time. Is water use increasing, decreasing, or steady?

Try to determine what caused the major trends. Is there a seasonal pattern to water use? This is often the case when irrigation water is used or cooling water demand increases in the 36 summer months. Analyzing the data in this way will help the District Adminstration understand current water use trends.

At the agency level, this step involves collecting detailed water use and cost data and real property inventory from all sites. When collecting this information, consider that you need to separately gather data about potable water use and industrial, landscaping, and agricultural water use (primarily nonpotable water) that is associated with reduction targets.

Use FEMP’s Water Evaluation Data Tool to collect the necessary data on water end-uses. This tool provides a method for collecting comprehensive water data during a building and campus walk-through survey to conduct a comprehensive water evaluation.

Table 9: Stakeholders responsible for management of water quality

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders

1. Inventory of water Inventory of water resources in a) DFO resources in District covering Rivers and b) ULBs District other natural water bodies, Nalas/ Drains meeting Rivers Lakes / c) Zilla Parishad Ponds, etc Total Quantity of sewage and industrial discharge are also to be assessed 2. Collection of A monitoring cell with Water Quality representatives from PHED, a) PHED Data WRD, etc will be constituted. The cell will be updated and b) WRD action will be taken accordingly 3. Control of A monitoring cell with a) ULBs Groundwater representatives from PHED, b) WRD Water Quality WRD, ULBs etc will be constituted. The cell will be c) PHED updated and action will be taken accordingly 4. Control of River River side activities like River a) District side Activities Side open defecation, Dumping Administration of Solid waste on river banks, b) PHED Idol immersion etc. to be controlled c) ULBs

d) Nagar Panchayats 37

5. Awareness Activities District level campaigns on a) District protection of water quality and Administration Control of Water Pollution in b) PHED Rivers c) ULBs 6. Protection of Encroachment of flood plains a) District Flood plains to be regulated Administration

b) PHED

c) WRD 7. Rainwater Action plan for Rain water a) District Harvesting harvesting in line with Govt. Administration policy shall be prepared b) PHED accordingly and also public awareness campaign regarding implementation of RWH scheme shall be conducted

(2.8) Domestic Sewage Management Plan

Domestic sewage carries used water from houses and apartments; it is also called sanitary sewage. Sewage is generated by residential, institutional, commercial and industrial establishments. It includes household liquid from toilets, baths, showers, and kitchen and sinks draining into sewers. In many areas, sewage also includes liquid waste from industry and commerce. The separation and draining of household waste into grey water and black water are becoming more common in the developed world, with treated grey water being permitted for use for watering plants or recycled for flushing toilets.

Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants municipal wastewater, containing mainly household sewage plus some industrial wastewater. Physical, chemical, and biological processes are used to remove contaminants and produce treated wastewater (or treated effluent) that is safe enough for release into the environment. A by-product of sewage treatment is a semi-solid waste or slurry, called sewage sludge. The sludge has to undergo further treatment before being suitable for disposal or application to land.

(2.8.1) Present Scenario in the district:

There are around 207636 households in Ranchi District at present and according to 2011 India census Ranchi has a population of 10.7Lakhs

(2.8.2) Action Plan for the management of Domestic Sewage: -

Domestic wastewater, stormwater and urban runoff Domestic wastewater consists of blackwater (excreta, urine and faecal sludge) and greywater (kitchen and bathing wastewater). The mix and composition will depend on the water supply and sanitation facilities available, water use practices and social norms. Currently, there has no means of disposing of sanitary wastewater from toilets, and an even greater number lack adequate means of disposing of wastewater from kitchens and baths in Ranchi. The sanitation ladder used for MDG monitoring illustrates the range of sanitation types, ranging from no sanitation facilities at all (where people practice open defecation) to facilities that have been defined as improved sanitation.

The example facilities outlined include both on-site and off-site (sewered) systems. Although improved sanitation facilities are considered to “likely ensure hygienic separation of human excreta from human contact”, the sanitation ladder currently considers the containment part, of the sanitation service chain and counts use of facilities at the household level. Future ladders will

endeavor to cover the overall function of a sanitation system. Many of the current problems relating to domestic wastewater, particularly in urban and peri urban areas, come from a lack of consideration of the other components of the service chain. As mentioned above, there are effectively two basic wastewater management systems: on-site (or non-sewered) and off-site (generally sewered with centralized treatment). In sewered systems the removal/ transport part of the service chain is performed by the sewer; water washes the waste through a pipe system. This may require the use of pumping stations to ensure that the waste reaches the treatment or disposal point. In on-site systems, waste accumulates on-site in a pit or septic tank, which requires periodic emptying or resiting; in the case of emptying, waste is taken by road for treatment and/or disposal. Dumping of untreated septic tank/pit contents into rivers, lakes and the sea is, in many low- and middle-in- come countries, a regular practice.

Table 10: Stakeholders responsible for Domestic Sewage Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 1. Inventory of Survey and identification all Households to Sewage ensure proper drainage and management of ULBs Management sewage. 2. Adequacy of 1. Some Household may have its own Available Sewage management infrastructure so as to a) ULBs Infrastructure for pull down this water to maintain water Sewage level in earth and to reuse this water at b) Concerned Treatment various other domestic works after Households removing contaminants. i.e. Grey water after removing contaminants may be used in gardens, toilet flushing etc.

2. All households should be connected to sewage management infrastructure either at home or though proper drain across ULB to Sewage treatment Plant. 3. Adequacy of Proper drains to be constructed with ULBs Sewerage proper technique connecting with all Network Households under ULB to ensure total sewage management.

4. Inventory of Survey and identification all Households to ULBs Sewage ensure proper drainage and management of Management sewage.

Action Plan

Sewage Treatment Plant

Sewage or domestic/municipal wastewater is a type of wastewater that is produced by a community of people which contains impurities solids, liquid or gases or their combinations in such a concentration that is harmful if disposed of into the environment. Sewage, before being disposed of either in river or land has generally to be treated to make it safe.

Treatment methods

1.Physical Sewage Treatment

Physical methods are used for cleaning the sewage. In this process screening, sedimentation and skimming are used to remove the solids. No chemicals are involved in this process.

Sedimentation is a process in which settling down the suspended insoluble particles due to gravity. Once the insoluble material settles down at the bottom, you can separate the pure water.

Another effective physical water treatment technique includes aeration. This process consists of circulating air through the water to provide oxygen to it.

Filtration, the third method, is used for filtering out all the contaminants. You can use special kind of filters to pass the wastewater and separate the contaminants and insoluble particles present in it. The sand filter is the most commonly used filter.

2.Biological sewage treatment

This uses various biological processes to break down the organic matter present in wastewater, such as soap, human waste, oils and food. It can be divided into three categories:

• Aerobic processes: Bacteria decomposes the organic matter and converts it into carbon dioxide that can be used by plants. Oxygen is used in this process. • Anaerobic processes: Here, fermentation is used for fermenting the waste at a specific temperature. Oxygen is not used in anaerobic process. • Composting: A type of aerobic process where wastewater is treated by mixing it with sawdust or other carbon sources. 41

Secondary treatment removes most of the solids present in wastewater, however, some dissolved nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous may remain.

Chemical Water Treatment

Chlorine, an oxidizing chemical, is commonly used to kill bacteria which decomposes water by adding contaminants to it. Another oxidizing agent used for purifying the wastewater is ozone. Neutralization is a technique where an acid or base is added to bring the water to its natural pH of 7.

(2.9) Industrial Waste Water Management Plan

(2.9.1) Present Scenario in the district:

At present there are approx. 377 + (as per the data provided by Department of Industries) registered industries located in Ranchi District.

Scale wise breakup: -

Sl. Scale Number of registered No. industries

1. Heavy 07

2. Medium 11

3. Small 359

Category Wise breakup: - As per JSPCB CTE/CTO granted to various industries. (fig. may increase or decrease)

Sl. Category Number of registered No. industries

1. Red 243

2. Orange 374

3. Green 186

There is 24 Nos of waste water producing industry in the district. Quantity of waste water generated by water consuming industries are mostly treated and then reused. Time to time surprise checking would be done to ensure that no untreated water is released in the water bodies.

(2.9.2) Action Plan for the management of Domestic Sewage: -

Effluent Treatment Plant needs to be set up by every industry set in the District. This will help in using the treated waste water properly within the industry, thus, reducing the cost of 43

procuring water for additional purposes in the industry. Time to time the effluent treatment plants and their related

impacts on the environment and district shall be checked by the concerned authorities. Industries using the treated waste water shall be recognised and considered as a model example for using the best out of the waste.

Industrial wastewater Among the possible classifications of industrial wastewaters, one distinguishes between diffuse industrial pollutants, such as those from mining and agro- industrial, and end-of-pipe point discharges and mostly illegal discharges from tankers. The former are frequently highly polluting and difficult to contain and treat, while the latter can be contained, controlled and treated in circumstances where there is sufficient political will, regulatory power and resources (economic and human capacity) to ensure compliance. Large end-of-pipe discharges are generally easy to identify and can be regulated, controlled and treated. However, some wastewaters arise from concentrations of small enterprises that discharge wastewaters wherever they can and not necessarily to any identifiable sewer. Many are highly polluting containing acids and toxic metals from, for example, small metal finishing (plating) enterprises which have developed in specific localities. Not only do such discharges inflict considerable environmental damage especially to sensitive ecosystems but they also often come into direct (as well as indirect) contact with humans and animals with consequent dam-age to health.

The discharge/disposal of industrial wastewaters can be classified as follows:

• Uncontrolled discharges to the environment.

• Controlled (licensed) discharges to the environment (water courses) possibly after pre- treatment.

• Illegal, mostly clandestine, discharges to sewerage systems.

• Controlled discharges to sewerage systems under agreement or licence, possibly with pre- treatment.

• Wastewaters collected by tanker for treatment/disposal elsewhere.

(2.10) Air Quality Management Plan

Main Sources of Air pollution in the district are Industrial (Brick kiln/Stone crushers/ Stone and Sand Mines/ Mineral Stockyard, Rice Mills), Vehicular traffic, and Domestic cooking (Rural areas).

This plan aims to reduce the sources and amount of air pollutants responsible for reducing the ambient air quality.

There are around 199 Air Polluting industries located in the District, mainly Stone Crushers, Brick kilns and Rice Mills, there are also one or two nos. of Tyre Pyrolysis Unit present.

(2.10.1) Action Plan for the management of Air Quality: -

Handling loose materials generates fugitive dust that affects the air quality of the surrounding area. To minimize such impacts following measures has been proposed:

All the loose material either stacked or transported will be provided with suitable covering such as tarpaulin, etc.

Water sprinkling shall be done at the locations where dust generation is anticipated.

To minimize the occupational health hazard, proper personal protective gears i.e. mask shall be provided to the workers who are engaged in dust generation activity

Regular sweeping and proper disposal of the waste generated in construction sites or any other related sites.

Proper disposal of construction and demolition waste generated from infrastructure, in secured landfill sites.

No excavation of soil shall be carried out without dust mitigation measures.

It is proposed to minimize air pollution by providing plantation as buffer on the periphery of various site and on the open spaces. Nereium species are non-palatable plants and shall be planted to arrest the dust and control air pollution.

An air quality pollution meter for indoor outdoor use shall be procured for measuring the air quality.

Construction activities shall be taken during nights, especially in the winter season.

Air pollution can damage crops and trees in a variety of ways. Ground-level ozone can lead to reductions in agricultural crop and commercial forest yields, reduced growth and survivability of tree seedlings, and increased plant susceptibility to disease, pests and other environmental stresses (such as harsh weather).

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Table 11: Stakeholders responsible for implementation of Air Quality Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No Stakeholders . 1 Air Quality ⮚ To be monitored in association with Monitoring and State PCB. JSPCB Collection off ⮚ State PCB will be requested to set up data facility in Ranchi district to monitor Air Quality 2 Inventory of Air Inventory of potential Air Polluting Sources a) Department Pollution Sources will be made for better monitoring of Industries b) JSPCB

3 Monitoring of ⮚ Stress will be given for setting up a) ULBs polluting vehicle more Auto Emission Testing Centres b) Department in the district in addition to the of Industries existing centres ⮚ DTO will ensure that all Auto Emission Testing Centres functions as per Govt norms. 4 Monitoring of They will monitor for violation and submit a) Department compliance by report to State PCB, DC of Industries Industries/Brick b) JSPCB kilns 5 Creation of Public awareness to be created through District Awareness IEC (Information, Education and Administration/ Communication) campaign with NGOs/ Information & participation of SHGs, NGOs, students. Public Relations Department 6 Promotion of District Clean fuel/new Administration/ technology NGOs chulhas

(2.11) Mining Activity Management Plan

(2.11.1) Present Scenario in the district:

Sl. Action Areas Details Status No. 1 Inventory of Mining Type of Mining ● Major mineral in District Activity mining ● minor mineral mining No of Mining licenses Major mineral mining lease- 14 given in the district Minor mineral mining lease -135 Storage license-

⮚ Stone-62

⮚ Sand -15 Transporting license Coal -157 Area covered 8188.68 acres under mining Area of District 5097 km2 Sand Mining Nil Area of sand Nil Mining 2 Compliance No. of Mining Major-5 to areas meeting Minor-73 Environment Environmental al Conditions Clearance Conditions No. of Mining areas Major 4 meeting Consent Minor 37 Conditions of SPCBs / PCCs 3 Mining No. of pollution None related related complaints environment against Mining al Operations in last 1 Complaints year

Sl. Action Areas Details Status No. 4 Action against No. of Mining Those major and minor minerals mining noncomplying operations suspended lease who have not obtained environmental mining activity for violations to clearance are suspended from mining environmental norms activities

No. of directions issued None by SPCBs

(2.11.2) Action Plan for the management of Mining Activity: -

Environmental management plan includes protection/mitigation/enhancement measures as well as suggesting post project monitoring programme.

The management action plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment measures before they are discharged. Fully conscious towards environmental responsibility towards the Stone beneficiation process, the plan focuses, apart from other relevant concerns, on the following important aspects, a) Dust suppression measures by water sprinkling and b) Proper maintenance of vehicles and equipment. The different environmental components that are identified in the assessment chapter are dealt hereunder with necessary environmental management plan.

1.AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Mining and related activities with transportation, grinding and other generates dust which causes pollution. The dust and its particulate matter cause allergies to the people who are working on the mines and machines including transportation vehicles. Measures like sprinkling of water on regular intervals based on the temperature and wind condition will be applied for reducing dust particles in the wind. Further vehicles and other equipment will be keep in proper shape for reducing pollution due to smoke and dust particles. Dust emissions and particulate emissions will be controlled by water spraying through sprinklers at all the sources of dust formation and corresponding Mitigative measures are elaborated as follows:

• Proper blasting pattern will be followed for effective rock fragmentation and generation of minimal fine dust to open atmosphere. • Regular water sprinkling at dust emanating sources viz., drilling, blasting and transportation through haulage roads, etc will be carried out. • Periodic maintenance of transport vehicles and equipment will be carried out to check emission levels.

Greenbelt will be developed that will act as a pollution sink. Overloading of trucks will be avoided and carrying the rocks in covered trucks will be taken up to minimize pollution level 4 Regular ambient air quality monitoring shall be carried out to ensure the air pollutants are kept under permissible limits always.

1.1 Controlling Dust Levels Dust would be generated during mining, crushing operations, and also during handling and transportation of the material. The suggested control measures are:

1.1.1 Mines Dust suppression systems (water spraying) to be adopted at- Faces/sites while loading. Use of sharp teeth for shovels. Dust extraction systems to be used in drill machines- Use of sharp drill bits for drilling holes and drills with water- flushing systems (wet drilling), to reduce dust generation.

1.1.2 Haulage Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation- of excavated material by water sprinklers. Transfer points shall be provided with appropriate- hoods/chutes to prevent dust emissions.

1.2 Controlling CO Levels: The concentration of CO in the ambient air was below detectable limits at all the air quality monitoring locations. Expected increase in the CO concentration is very low as CO emissions from mining operations are less compared to other pollutants. Heavy and light vehicles are the major sources of CO in the mine. All vehicles and their exhausts would be well maintained and regularly tested for pollutants concentration.

1.3 Controlling NOx Levels NOx emissions in the mine mainly occur during blasting operations. The main reasons for NOx emissions are 5 Poor quality of explosives having large oxygen imbalance. This may be due to: Manufacturing defect; Use of expired

50 explosives in which ingredients have disintegrated. Incomplete detonation, which may be due to low Primer to column ratio.

1.4 Occupational Health & Safety Measure to Control Dust Inhalation All the above precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be dispersed in the outside environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged at the strategic locations/dust generation points like drills, loading & unloading points, crushing etc, dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of RPM thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders.

2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL The ambient noise level monitoring carried out in and around the proposed mine shows that the ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB. Within an operational mine, major noise sources are blasting, operation of mine machineries and equipment, crushing units and belt conveyor. Noise generation may be for an instant, intermittent or continuous periods, with low to high decibels. To keep noise generation in control, latest sophisticated technology and equipment have been considered. Drills, loaders, dumpers etc with larger capacities possibly will be acquired to reduce the number of operational units at a time, thereby reducing the noise generating sources. The equipment systems will include cabins to ensure that the operators and other work persons, in and around the operating equipment, have comfortable work stations. To keep the ambient noise levels within the permissible limits of 85 dB (A), the following measures should be adopted Personal who are exposed to critical locations in the quarry will be provided with PPEs Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs, with in-built mechanism to reduce sound emissions like improved silencers, mufflers and closed noise generating parts. Effective blast design so that there will be minimal noise and ground vibrations during blasting, Procurement of drill, loaders and dumpers and other equipment with noise proof system in operator’s cabin. Confining the equipment with heavy noise emissions in sound proof cabins, so that noise is not transmitted to other areas. Regular and proper maintenance of noise generating machinery including the transport vehicles and belt conveyors, to maintain the noise levels. Provision would be made for noise absorbing pads at foundations of vibrating equipment to reduce noise emissions. Provision of protective devices like ear muffs/ear plugs to workers who cannot be isolated

51 from the source of high intensity noise, e.g. blasting

3 WATER ENVIRONMENT As this is an open cast mining method it will not generate any wastewater as there is no mineral processing involved. The mining of rock does not involve any treatment or beneficiation by using water. Therefore, the question of disposal of water will not arise.

Moreover, mining activity much above the ground water level doesn’t lead to any ground water contamination. However, in order to mitigate any likely impacts the following management for control of water pollution is proposed. In anticipation of seasonal streams and runoff in the core zone, channels and bunds would be constructed and maintained to avoid any erosion and contamination. Garland drains will be constructed around the boundary of the mine lease area outside the boundary wall to divert rainwater away from the site. The mine pit water collected due to rains will be utilized for water spraying on the haul roads and for watering plantation. This water will be harvested for utilization in plantation watering, spraying on the haulage roads and waste dumps.

4 LAND ENVIRONMENT The mined out pit area will be backfilled and developed for stabilization and plantation of native species will be carried out. The top soil will be utilized for plantation of trees in the area. This would not only make the area aesthetically beautiful but also check on the soil and land erosion.

4.1 Rocks for landscaping after the quarrying activities are over, these sites will be splattered with the leftovers of rocks and boulders. These boulders and rocks can support the growth of mosses and lichens, which will act as ecological pioneers and initiate the process of succession and colonization. The boulders of moderate size will be used to line the boundary of a path.

4.2 Laying of the top soil The depressions/craters filled up with rock aggregates will be covered with top soil. Fungal spores naturally present in top soil will aid plant growth and natural plant succession. The top soil will be further enriched by organic manure and Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. This will help in the process of soil Reclamation and early establishment of seedlings.

5 WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT Since the proposed project is mining of rock, there will not be much of waste generated due to mining. After the quarrying activities are over, these sites will be splattered with the leftovers of rocks and boulders. The boulders of moderate size will be used to line the boundary of a path. The disintegrated rock will be used as sand material for road making.

Metals are for the most part infinitely recyclable. Many have inherent characteristics such as durability, strength and anticorrosive properties that improve the sustainability of the products in which they are used: enhancing longevity, lowering maintenance requirements and providing higher functionality.

Use of mining waste:

Waste Rock: It is used as backfill, landscaping material and aggregate in road construction, or can sometimes be used as feedstock for cement and concrete or reprocessed later to extract minerals and metals.

Manganese tailings: It is used in agroforestry, buildings and construction materials, coatings, resin, glass and glazes.

Clay rich tailings: It is used for making bricks, floor tiles and cement.

Slag: It is used for road construction, and in concrete and cement.

Bauxite red mud: It is a solid alkaline waste produced in aluminium refineries. Red mud is used as a soil amender, in wastewater treatment and as a raw material for glass, ceramics and bricks.

Mine water: It is used for dust suppression and mineral processing, industrial and agricultural uses, as a coolant.

Sludge: Sludge from acid rock drainage treatment, which is high in iron, is sold commercially for use in pigments.

Smelters: Smelters include acid plants to convert sulphur dioxide to sulphuric acid, a useful industrial chemical. Retrieved from: www.miningfacts.org/Environment/ How-are-waste-materials-managed- atmine-sites/#sthash.6lLXHOVF.dpuf

Table 12: Stakeholders responsible for implementation of Mining Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 1 Preventing ⮚ Identification of river stretches illegal where there are chances for a) Circle Officer mining illegal sand mining and Frequent surprise checks in those river b) DFO stretches by Circle Level c) BDOs Committees.

⮚ Circle level Committee to be headed by the Circle officer and will comprise among others officials from Forest Dept., BDO. etc 2 Monitoring ⮚ Checking for Violation of approved mining a) JSPCB plan/environmental norms by State PCB b) DFO

⮚ DFO will notify a Phone number to receive mining related complain will give wide publicity of the number

(2.12) Noise Pollution Management Plan

Noise can be defined as unwanted or undesired sound and Noise pollution simply means when there is a lot of noise in the environment which is consequentially harming the environment. Like smoking, noise pollution affects active and passive recipients when noise levels cross certain safe boundaries. Noise pollution affects both human health and behaviour. Noise pollution also impacts the health and well-being of wildlife.

Most activities that cause pollution are essential to meet the needs of the growing population and development. Therefore, preventive measures to minimize pollutants are more practical than their elimination.

(2.12.1) Action Plan for the management of Noise: - The noise waste is created by vehicles, industries, mines and social events organised in the district. The following steps can be taken up for reducing noise pollution.

Areas with maximum movement of lights and heavy motor vehicles like cars, trucks and 2 wheelers will lead to increase in noise levels. In order to minimize the noise levels by providing plantation as a buffer on the sides of roads. Informatory signboards will be placed at different locations to encourage vehicle owners to blow horn less and follow the emission standards fixed by Government authorities.

To prevent any occupational hazard, ear muff / ear plug shall be given to the workers working around or operating plant and machinery emitting high noise levels. Use of such plant or machinery shall not be allowed during night hour (10:00 pm and 6:00 am). Careful planning of machinery operation and scheduling of operations shall be done to minimize such impact. Construction shall clearly specify the use of equipment emitting noise of not greater than 90 dB for eight-hour operation shift.

Isolation of noise generation sources and temporal differentiation of noise generating activities.

Diesel Generator sets will be kept in the acoustic chamber and ambient noise will be within the CPCB standard limits.

Proper traffic management and promoting ways to reduce honking. Informatory signboards shall be placed at various locations to motivate people to honk, only when required.

All the vehicles should carry PUC certificate and must undergo PUC test as mandated by Central Motor Vehicle Rule, 1989.

Replacement of vehicles which has been purchased and used for more than 20 years. Since after 20 years these vehicles emit huge amount of pollution, thus, harms the environment in multiple ways.

Table 13: Stakeholders responsible in implementing Noise Management Plan

Sl. Action Points Strategy & Approach Responsible No. Stakeholders 1 Noise level ⮚ State PCB or its authorized Agency will a) District Monitoring conduct Noise level Monitoring Administration

⮚ Monitoring equipment/ noise b) JSPCB measuring devices will be procured 2 Categorization of ⮚ Categorisation of areas into industrial, areas commercial residential or silence c) JSPCB areas/zones will be completed soon d) ULBs ⮚ Sign boards will be installed in Silent zones 3 Restriction on use ⮚ Loud speaker or a public address system of loud speakers/ will not be allowed to be used without PA system etc and obtaining written permission from the monitoring authority. District Administration ⮚ A loud speaker or a public address system will not be allowed to be used at night (between 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.)

⮚ Special team for monitoring during festivals 4 Monitoring of DTO will take steps for monitoring/ checking of DTO polluting vehicle vehicles to ensure environmental norms are followed by the vehicles 5 Creation of Identification and control of noise hazard areas/ a) District Awareness Industries etc and Public awareness to be created Administration through IEC (Information, Education and b) NGOs Communication) campaign with participation of SHGs, NGOs, and Students.

(2.13) Data for District Environment Plan

Model District Environment Plan prepared by CPCB- As per Hon'ble NGT order dated 26.09.2018 in OA 360/2018

Data for District Environment Plan, District- Ranchi

The proposed Model Action Plan for 7 thematic areas 1.0 Waste Management Plan

(I) Solid Waste Management Plan (for each ULB)

Sl. No. Action Areas Details of Data Units of Measurable Please enter Ranchi Bundu Nagar Requirement Outcome Measurable Municipal Panchayat Outcome Corporation for District (RMC) (BNP)

Name of Urban (1) Ranchi Municipal Local Body (ULB) Corporation;

(2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat

No of ULBs in the 02 Nos. District

Population (1) Ranchi Municipal Corporation- 1073472 (as per census 2011); (2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat- 21054 (as per census 2011)

SW1 Report on inventory of total solid waste Generation

SW1a Total solid waste 556.89 MT/Day 547 MT/Day 9.89 MT/Day Generation

SW1b Qty. of Dry 223.73 MT/Day 220 MT/Day 3.73 MT/Day Waste segregated

SW1c Qty. of Wet 334.17 MT/Day 330 MT/Day 4.17 MT/ Day Waste segregated

SW1d Qty. of C&D 50.5 MT/Day 50 MT/Day 0.5 MT/ Day Waste segregated

SW1e Qty. of Street 10.841 MT/Day 10 MT/ Day 0.841 Sweeping MT/Day

SW1f Qty. of Drain Silt 10 MT/Day for RMC 10 MT/Day Not estimated and not estimated for BNP

SW1g Qty. of Domestic 7.0015 MT/Day 07 MT/Day 0.0015 Hazardous Waste MT/Day (DHW) collected

SW1h Qty. of Other Quantity not Not Not Waste estimated for both Estimated Estimated (Horticulture, RMC and BNP sanitary waste, etc.)

SW1i No of Old dump 02 Nos 01 Nos 01 Nos sites

SW1j Qty stored in 1900000 MT 1900000 MT Not dumpsites (estimated only for Estimated RMC) and not estimated for BNP

SW1k No of Sanitary None None 01(Under landfills Construction )

SW1l No of wards 66 Nos 53 Nos 13 Nos.

SW2 Compliance by Bulk Waste Generators

SW2a No of BW 59 Nos. 58 Nos. 01 Nos. Generators

SW2b No of on-site 59 Nos. 58 Nos. 01 Nos. facilities for Wet Waste

SW3 Compliance in segregated waste Collection SW Collection

SW3a Total generation 556.89 MT/ Day 547 MT/ Day 9.89 MT/Day

SW3b Wet Waste 248.7 MT/ Day 245 MT/ Day 3.7 MT/ Day

SW3c Dry Waste 189 MT/ Day 185 MT/ Day 04 MT/ Day

SW3d C&D Waste 42.05 MT/ Day 42 MT/ Day 0.5 MT/ Day

SW4 Waste Management Operations

SW4a Door to Door 100% for RMC and 100% Yes (> 95 %) Collection >95% for BNP

SW4b Mechanical Road 60 % (Major Roads) 60 % (Major No Sweeping for RMC Roads)

SW4c Manual Sweeping 40% for RMC and 40% Yes (100%) 100 % for BNP

SW4d Segregated Waste 100% for both RMC 100% Yes (100%) Transport and BNP

SW4e Digesters (Bio- Not Initiated No No methanation)

SW4f Composting 60 % of WW for 60 % of WW Yes operation RMC

SW4g MRF Operation 04 MRF Used for 04 MRF Used Yes RMC

SW4h Use of Sanitary No SLF for RMC and No SLF SLF under Landfill SLF for BNP under Construction Construction

SW4i Reclamation of Initiated for RMC Initiated Under old dumpsites and Under Process process for BNP

SW4j Linkage with Initiated for RMC Initiated NA Waste to Energy Boilers / Cement Plants

SW4k Linkage with Initiated Initiated Initiated Recyclers

SW4l Authorization of Initiated Initiated Initiated waste pickers

SW4m Linkage with Not Initiated Not Initiated Not Initiated TSDF / CBMWTF

SW4n Involvement of Initiated Initiated Initiated NGOs

SW4o Linkage with Not Initiated Not Initiated Not Initiated Producers / Brand Owners

SW4p Authorisation of Waste Pickers

SW4q Issuance of ID Initiated Initiated Initiated Cards

SW5 Adequacy of Infrastructure

SW5a Waste Collection 150 Nos. Required 150 Nos. 55 Nos Trolleys and 176 Available for Required and available for RMC and 55 Nos 176 Available BNP available for BNP

SW5b Mini Collection 200 Nos. Required 200 Nos. 10 Nos. Trucks and 218 Available Required and Available and 10 for BNP 218 Available

SW5c Segregated Yes; 100% area Yes; 100% Yes; 100% Transport covered area covered area covered

SW5d Bulk Waste 10 Nos. Required and 10 Nos. Not required Trucks 11 Nos. available for Required and RMC and not 11 Nos. required for BNP available

SW5e Waste Transfer 07 Nos. Required] / 07 Nos. Not required points 07 Nos. Available for Required] / RMC and for BNP 07 Nos. not required Available

SW5f Bio-methanation Not Available Not Available Not Available units

SW5h Composting units 40 Nos. Required; 40 40 Nos. 02 Nos Nos. Available for Required; 40 RMC and For BNP Nos. 02 Nos. Available Available

SW5i Material 04 Nos. Used by 04 Nos. Used Installed Recovery RMC Facilities

SW5k Waste to Energy Not Available Not Available NA (if applicable)

SW5l Waste to RDF Not Available / Not Available Required Required

SW5m Sanitary Land Not Available for Not Available 01 Under fills RMC and 01 no. Construction under construction

SW5n Capacity of Not Available for Not Available 14021 MT sanitary landfills RMC and 14021 MT for BNP

SW5o Waste Deposit Not Available for Not Available 01 Nos Centres (DHW) RMC and 01 no available for BNP

SW5p Other facilities Nil Nil Nil

SW6 Notification and Implementation of By-Laws

SW6a Notification of Done Done Done By-laws

SW6b Implementation Done Done Done of by-laws

SW7 Adequacy of Financial Status of ULB

SW7a CAPEX Required 3728 Lakhs INR for 3728 Lakhs 614.30 Lakhs RMC and 614.30 for INR BNP

SW7b OPEX 3670 Lakhs INR/ 3670 Lakhs 3381936.00 Year for RMC and INR/ Year per year 3381936.00 per year for BNP

SW7c Adequacy of Yes Yes Yes OPEX (ii) Plastic Waste Management (for each ULB)

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Ranchi Bundu Nagar Requirement Measurable Municipal Panchayat Outcome Corporation (BNP) for District (RMC)

Name of ULB (1) Ranchi Municipal Corporation; (2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat

Population (1) Ranchi Municipal 1073472 21054 Corporation- 1073472 (as per census 2011); (2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat- 21054 (as per census 2011)

PW1 Inventory of plastic waste generation

PW1a Estimated 70 MT/Day Not Quantity of Estimated plastic waste generated in District

PW2 Implementation of Collection

PW2a Door to Door Initiated 100% 95% collection

PW2b Segregated Waste Initiated 100% 70% collection

PW2c Plastic waste MRF used 04 Nos. MRF MRF used collection at used Material Recovery Facility

PW2d Authorization of Initiated 86 Nos. 03 Nos. PW pickers

PW2e PW collection Established 04 Nos. 01 Nos. Centres

PW3 Establishment of linkage with Stakeholders

PW3a Established Not established for Not 01 Nos. linkage with RMC Established PROs of Producers

PW3b Established Not Established Not Not linkage with Established Established NGOs

PW4 Availability of facilities for Recycling or utilization of PW

PW4a No. of PW 04 Nos. 01 Nos. 03 Nos. recyclers

PW4b No Manufacturers Not Available Not Available Not Available

PW4c No of pyrolysis Not Available Not Available Not Available oil plants

PW4d Plastic pyrolysis Not Available Not Available Not Available

PW4e Use in road 1 MT used per 1 MT used Not Available making Month for RMC and per Month Not Available for BNP

PW4f Co-processing in Not Available for Not Available 0.0485 MT Cement Kiln RMC and for BNP 0.0485 MT

W5 Implementation of PW Management Rules, 2016

W5a Sealing of units All Sealed All Sealed All Sealed producing < 50- micron plastic

PW5b Prohibiting sale Prohibited Prohibited Prohibited of carry bags < 50 micron

PW5c Ban on Carry Implemented Implemented Implemented bags and other single use plastics as notified by State Government

PW6 Implementation of Extended Producers Responsibility (EPR) through Producers/Brand- owners

PW6a No of Producers None None None associated with ULBs

PW6b Financial support None None None by Producers / Brand owners to ULBs

PW6c Amount of PRO Nil Nil Nil Support

PW6d Infrastructure None None None support by Producers / Brand owners to ULBs

PW6e No of collection None None None centres established by Producers / Brand

owners to ULBs

(iii)C&D Waste Management

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Ranchi Bundu Nagar Requirement Measurable Municipal Panchayat Outcome Corporation (BNP) for District (RMC)

Name of ULB (1) Ranchi Municipal Corporation; (2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat

Population (1) Ranchi Municipal 1073472 21054 Corporation- 1073472 (as per census 2011); (2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat- 21054 (as per census 2011)

CD1 Inventory of C&D waste generation

CD1a Estimated 50 MT/ Day for RMC 50 MT/ Day 05-06 TPD Quantity and 05 -06 TPD for BNP

CD2 Implement scheme for permitting bulk waste generators

CD2a Issuance of Not Initiated for Not Initiated Initiated Permissions by RMC and Initiated ULBs for BNP

CD3 Establishment of C&D Waste Deposition centres

CD3a Establishment of Yes Yes Yes Deposition Points

CD3b C&D Deposition Yes Yes Yes point identified

CD4 Implementation of By-Laws for CD Waste Management

CD4a Implementation Not notified for RMC Not notified Notified of By-laws and notified for BNP

CD4b Collection of Initiated Initiated Initiated Deposition / disposal Charges

CD5 Establishment of C&D Waste recycling plant or linkage with such facility

CD5a Establishment CD No Facility exist No Facility No Facility Waste Recycling exist exist Plant

CD5b Capacity of CD Not available Not Available Not Available Waste Recycling Plant

(iv) Biomedical Waste Management (for each ULB)

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Ranchi Bundu Nagar Requirement Measurable Municipal Panchayat Outcome Corporation (BNP) for District (RMC)

Name of ULB (1) Ranchi Municipal Corporation; (2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat

Population (1) Ranchi Municipal 1073472 21054 Corporation- 1073472 (as per census 2011); (2) Bundu Nagar Panchayat- 21054 (as per census 2011)

BMW1 Inventory of Biomedical Waste Generation

BMW1 Total no. of 261 a Bedded Hospitals

BMW1 Total no. of non- 290 b bedded HCF

BMW1 Total no. Clinics 294 c

BMW1 No of Veterinary 39 d Hospitals

BMW1 Path labs 372 e

BMW1 Dental Clinics 55 f

BMW1 Blood Banks 14 g

BMW1 Animal Houses 140245 h

BMW1 Bio-research Labs Nil i

BMW1 Others Nil j

BMW2 Authorization of HCFs by SPCBs / PCCs

BMW2 Bedded HCFs 103 a

BMW2 Non-bedded 78 b HCFs

BMW3 Biomedical Waste a Treatment and Disposal Facilities (CBMWTFs)

BMW3 No of CBMWTFs 02 Nos. (M/s a Medicare Lohardaga and BGL, Ramgarh)

BMW3 Linkage with Yes, Outside the b CBMWTFs District.

BMW3 Capacity of 1800 Kg/Day for M/s c CBMWTFs Medicare Lohardaga and for BGL, Ramgarh-750Kg/Day

BMW3 Requirements of Yes, Required within d CBMWTFs the District

BMW3 Captive Disposal 03 Nos. 03 Nos. e Facilities of HCFs

BMW4 Compliance by CBMWTFs

BMW4 Compliance to Complied a standards

BMW4 Barcode tracking 30 % Implemented b by HCFs / CBMWTFs

BMW4 Daily BMW Yes, but not on c lifting by regular basis CBMWTFs

BMW5 Status of Status of Health Care Compliance by facility Healthcare Facilities

BMW5 Pre-segregation 100% a

BMW5 Linkage with 199 Nos. b CBMWTFs

(v) Hazardous Waste Management

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Requirement Measurable Outcome for District

HW1 Inventory of Hazardous Waste

HW1a No of HW 55 Nos. Generating Industry

HW1b Quantity of HW 54410 MT/ Annum JSPCB Authorized HW1c Quantity of 960 MT/ Annum Quantity of Incinerable HW Hazardous Waste

HW1d Quantity of land- 27000 MT/ Annum fillable HW

HW1e Quantity of 24050(Recyclable) + Recyclable / 2400 MT (utilizable)/ utilizable HW Annum= 26450

HW2 Contaminated Sites and illegal industrial hazardous waste dumpsites

HW2a No of HW None dumpsites

HW2c Probable None Contaminated Sites

HW3 Authorization by SPCBs/PCCs

HW3a No of industries 55 Nos. authorized

HW3b Display Board of Yes HW Generation in front of Gate

HW3 Availability of Common Hazardous Waste TSDF

HW3a Common TSDF Nil

HW3b Industries linkage Yes (01 No.) Ms/ with TSDF Hindalco Industries Ltd. Muri, Ranchi

HW4 Linkage of ULBs in District with Common TSDF

HW4a ULBs linked to May be furnished Common TSDFs from Urban/Local for Domestic Bodies. Hazardous Waste

(vi) E-Waste Waste Management

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Requirement Measurable Outcome for District

EW1 Status of facilitating authorized collection of E- Waste

EW1a Does the citizen No are able to deposit or provide E- Waste through Toll-free Numbers in the District

EW1c Collection centres None established by ULB in District

EW1d Collection centres 11 Nos. (Which are established by operational) Producers or their PROs in the District

EW1e Does the district None have linkage with authorized E- Waste recyclers / Dismantler

EW1f No authorized E- None Waste recyclers / Dismantler

EW2 Status of Collection of E- Waste

EW2a Authorizing E- 11 Nos. Waste collectors (Operational)

EW2b Involvement of No NGOs

EW2c Does Producers No have approached NGOs/ Informal Sector for setting up Collection Centres.

EW2d Does ULBs have No linkage with authorized Recyclers / Dismantlers

EW4 Control E-Waste related pollution

EW4a Does informal No trading, dismantling, and recycling of e- waste exist in District

EW4b Does the No administration close illegal E- Waste recycling in the District

EW4c No of actions No taken to close illegal trading or processing of E- Waste

EW5 Creation of Awareness on E- Waste handling and disposal

EW5a Does PROs / No Producers conduct any District level Awareness Campaigns

EW5c Does District No Administration conduct any District level Awareness Campaigns?

2.0 Water Quality Management Plan

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Ranchi Bundu Nagar Requirement Measurable Municipal Panchayat Outcome Corporation (BNP) for District (RMC)

WQ1 Inventory of water resources in District

WQ1a Rivers 12 Nos.

WQ1b Length of 523 KM Coastline

WQ1c Nalas/Drains 125 Nos. meeting Rivers

WQ1d Lakes / Ponds Data not available

WQ1e Total Quantity of (556.89 MT/Day sewage and +3685 KLD) industrial discharge in District

Control of Groundwater Water Quality

WQ2a Estimated number RMC – 2900 Nos Data not 311 of bore-wells available for and 311 Nos under RMC BNP

WQ2b No of permissions Data not available Data not Data not given for available available extraction of groundwater

WQ2c Number of Data not available Data not Data not groundwater available available polluted areas

WQ2d Groundwater Data not available for Data not Adequate Availability RMC available

WQ3 Availability of Buchaopa Dam and Water Quality Getalsud Dam data Data available (report attached)

WQ3a Creation of Yes monitoring cell

WQ3b Access to Surface Data available water and (report attached) groundwater quality data at DM office

WQ4 Control of River side Activities

WQ4a Control of River River Side open Fully Controlled Fully Fully side Activities defecation Controlled Controlled

WQ4b Dumping of SW Fully Controlled Fully Fully on river banks Controlled Controlled

WQ4c Control measures Measures taken Measures Measures for idol taken taken immersion

WQ5 Control of Water Pollution in Rivers

WQ5a Percentage of Data not available untreated sewage

WQ5b Monitoring of Monitored Monthly Action Plans for Monitoring Rejuvenation of is being Rivers carried out by JSPCB, Ranchi

WQ5c No of directions None given to industries for Discharge of Untreated industrial wastewater in last 12 months

WQ6 Awareness Activities

WQ6a District level Data not available Managed by campaigns on PHED protection of water quality

WQ6b Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan

WQ6a Creation of Not Created Not Created Not Created District Oil Spill Crisis Management Group

WQ6b Preparation Not Prepared Not Prepared Not Prepared District Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan

WQ7 Protection of Flood plains

WQ7a Encroachment of No flood zone in flood plains is District regulated.

Rainwater Harvesting

WQ8a Action plan for Implemented Implemented Implemented Rain water harvesting 3.0 Domestic Sewage Management Plan

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Requirement Measurable Outcome for District

SM1 Inventory of Sewage Management

SM1a Total Quantity of 213 MLD Sewage generated in District from Class II cities and above

SM1b No of Class-II 01 Nos. towns and above

SM1c No of Class-I None

towns and above

SM1d No of Towns 01 Nos. needing STPs

SM1e No of Towns 01 Nos. STPs installed

SM1f Quantity of 11.5 MLD treated sewage flowing into Rivers (directly or indirectly)

SM1g Quantity of 201.5 MLD untreated or partially treated sewage (directly or indirectly)

SM1h Quantity of Nil sewage flowing into lakes

SM1i No of industrial Nil townships

SW2 Adequacy of Available Infrastructure for Sewage Treatment

SM2a % sewage treated 5% in STPs

SM2b Total available 11.5 MLD Treatment Capacity

SM2c Additional 201.5 MLD treatment capacity required

SM3 Adequacy of Sewerage Network

SM3a No of ULBs 0 Nos. having partial underground sewerage network

SM3b No of towns not 01 Nos. having sewerage network

SM3c % population Automatic covered under sewerage network

4.0Industrial Wastewater Management Plan

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Requirement Measurable Outcome for District

IWW1 Inventory of industrial wastewater Generation in District

IWW1 No of Industries 38 Nos. a discharging wastewater

IWW1 Total Quantity of 4.259 approx. b industrial wastewater generated

IWW1 Quantity of Maximum Water c treated IWW reused & 10 % discharged into approx. being Nalas / Rivers discharged in Rivers/ nallahs

IWW1 Quantity of un- Nil d treated or partially treated IWW discharged into lakes

IWW1 Prominent Type Rice e of Industries Mills/Automobile/Ho spitals/Mineral Based/ Mining/ Food & Beverages/ Aluminium/Heavy Engineering

IWW1f Common Effluent One Number of Treatment CETP at Tupudana Facilities Industrial Area, Ranchi (Proposed)

IWW2 Status of compliance by Industries in treating wastewater

IWW2 No of Industries 24 Nos. a meeting Standards

IWW2 No of Industries Nil b not meeting discharge Standards

IWW2 No of complaints NA c received or number of recurring complaints against industrial pollution in last 3 months

AWW Status of Action 4 taken for not meeting discharge standards

IWW4 No industries Nil a closed for exceeding standards in last 3 months

IWW4 No of industries Nil b where Environmental Compensation was imposed By SPCBs 5.0 Air Quality Management Plan

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Requirement Measurable Outcome for District

AQ1 Availability of Air Quality Monitoring Network in District

AQ1a Manual Air Available Quality monitoring stations of SPCBs /CPCB

AQ1c Automatic Yes, Installed at Van monitoring Bhavan, Ranchi stations Operated by SPCBs / CPCB

AQ2 Inventory of Air Pollution Sources

AQ2a Identification of Mining/ Stone prominent air Crushers/ Small polluting sources Industry / Brick Kiln/ Rice Mills

AQ2b No of Non- None Attainment Cities

AQ2c Action Plans for NA non-attainment cities

AQ3 Availability of Air Quality Monitoring Data at DMs Office

AQ3a Access to air Not yet Available quality data from SPCBs & CPCB through Dashboard

AQ4 Control of Industrial Air Pollution

AQ4a No of Industries Test Report Data is meeting provided by the Standards industries related to ambient air quality monitoring / source monitoring

AQ4b No of Industries Nil not meeting discharge Standards

AQ5 Control of Non- industrial Air Pollution sources

AQ5a Control open NA burning of Stubble –during winter

AQ5b Control Open NA burning of Waste – Nos of actions Taken

AQ5c Control of forest SOP available fires

AQ5d Vehicle pollution check centres

AQ5e Dust Suppression Vehicles

AQ6 Development of Air Pollution complaint redressal system

AQ6a Mobile App / Yes, Available at Online based air JSPCB pollution complaint redressing system of SPCBs. 6.0 Mining Activity Management plan

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Requirement Measurable Outcome for District

MI1a Inventory of May be furnished Mining in District from Concerned Department

MI1a Type of Mining Major Mineral Mining Activity and Minor Mineral mining

Multiple selection in

order of magnitude of operations

MI1b No of Mining Major Mineral Mining licenses given in lease- 14 and Minor the District Mineral mining lease- 135; Storage licence- Stone - 62, Sand- 15; Transporting Licence= Coal-157

MI1c Area covered 8188.63 Acres under mining

MI1d Area of District 5097 Km Sq.

MI1e Sand Mining Nil

MI1f Area of sand Nil Mining

MI2 Compliance to Environmental Conditions

MI2a No of Mining Minor- 73; Major-05 areas meeting Environmental Clearance Conditions

MI2b No of Mining Minor-37; Major-04 areas meeting Consent Conditions of SPCBs / PCCs

MI3a Mining related environmental Complaints

MI3b No of pollution None related complaints against Mining Operations in last 1 year

MI4 Action against non-complying mining activity

MI4a No of Mining Those Major and operations Minor minerals suspended for mining lease who violations to have not obtained environmental environmental norms clearances are suspended for mining activities.

MI4b No of directions None issued by SPCBs

7.0 Noise Pollution Management Plan

No. Action Areas Details of Data Measurable Outcome Please enter Requirement Measurable Outcome for District

NP1 Availability Monitoring equipment

NP1a No. of noise None measuring devices with district administration

NP1b No. of noise One No. of Noise measuring Level Meter devices with Available with SPCBs JSPCB

NP2 Capability to conduct noise level monitoring by State agency / District authorities

NP2a capability to Available conduct noise level monitoring by State agency / District authorities

NP2 Management of Noise related complaints

NP2a No of complaints Few nos. of Public received on noise complain have been pollution in last 1 received year

NP2b No of complaints Inspection have been redressed made and direction issued

NP3 Compliance to ambient noise standards

NP3a Implementation of Ambient noise standards in residential and silent zones

NP3b Noise monitoring Carried out study in district

NP3c Sign boards in Installed towns and cities in silent zones

Annexure- I (Page 1)

Annexure- I (Page 2)

Annexure-II

(2.14) Ranchi Municipal Corporation Drain Survey Report

RANCHI MUNICIPAL CORPORATION

DRAIN SURVEY- WARD NO.-12

Sl Location/Gali Length Width Depth M M C O K P Flow Longitude/ Connectivity to Condition Remark No (FEET) (FEET) i a o p a a Latitude (Big n j v e c k Drain/Nala/Rive o o e n h k r/Not Connected r r r h a e a d 1 MUALANA 69.49 3FT 0.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 362' RIVER NOT NEED TO MORE AZAD 452''E CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN COLONY 850 3538' LANE-1 44" N

2 LANE-2 50.29 1.5FT 1.00 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 32' NOT NOT NEED TO A NEW 45''E CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN 850 3638' 45" N 3 LANE-3 54.86 2FT 0.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 83' NOT NOT NEED TO CLEAN 43''E CONNECTED GOOD MORE DRAIN 850 23' 56" N 4 LANE-4 513.59 2FT 1.00 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 36' DRAIN NOT NEED TO CLEAN 342''N CONNECTED GOOD MORE DRAIN 850 52' 95" E 5 LANE-5 292.61 1FT 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 36' DRAIN NOT NEED TO 342''N CONNECTED GOOD COVERED THE 850 52' 95" DRAIN E 6 LANE-6 82.30 1.5FT 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 22' NOT NOT NEED TO NEW 44''N CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN 850 21' 2" E

7 LANE-7 121.92 1FT 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 34' RIVER NOT NEED TO MAKE 46''N CONNECTED GOOD A DRAIN 850 35' 78" E 8 LANE-8(A) 301.75 2FT 2.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 22' NOT NOT NEED TO MORE 47''N CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN 850 36' 18" E 9 LANE-9 231.04 1.5FT 2.00 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 62' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE 15''N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN 850 36' 7971" E 10 CHIDIYA 304.80 1.5FT 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 36' NOT NOT NEED TO CLEAN GALI 7119''N CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN 0 85 .322817E 11 LANE 10 231.65 1.5FT 2.00 X √ X √ X √ N/A 23 0 22' 1''N NOT NOT NEED TO CONNECTED GOOD COVER AND 85.19' 22E DRAIN

0 12 LANE 11 548.64 2FT 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 RIVER NOT NEED TO MAKE 36''42E' ''N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN 85.32' 44E

13 LANE 12 249.94 1.50 1.50 √ X X √ N/A 23 0 22'44' NOT NOT NEED TO CLEAN N CONNECTED GOOD MORE DRAIN 85.20'18'E

14 LANE 13 563.88 1.50 2.00 √ X X √ N/A 23 0 37'11' RIVER NOT NEED TO A NEW N CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN 85.33'31'E

15 LANE 14(A) 182.88 1.50 2.00 √ X X √ N/A 23 0 37'11' NOT NOT NEED TO N CONNECTED GOOD COVERED THE 85.33'32'E DRAIN

16 LANE 14(B) 182.88 1.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 20'15' NOT NOT NEED TO N CONNECTED GOOD COVERED THE 23.39'39'E DRAIN

17 LANE-15 335.28 2.00 2.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20'14' RIVER NOT NEED TOMAKE N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN 23.39'41'E

18 LANE-16(A) 76.20 1.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20'11' NOT NOT NEED TO E CONNECTED GOOD CHEAK THE 23.39'42'N CLEANESS OF DRAIN 19 LANE-16(B) 79.25 1.50 2.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20'15' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE E CONNECTED GOOD WIDE DRAIN 23.23'52'N

20 LANE-17 73.15 2.00 1.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20'30' NOT NOT NEED TO CLEAN E CONNECTED GOOD THE DRAIN AND 23.23'30'N CHANGE THE CLOVE 21 LANE-18 121.92 2.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20'13' NOT NEED TO N CONNECTED COVERED THE 23.23'34'E DRAIN

22 LANE-19 548.64 2.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20'35' RIVER NOT NEED TO MAKE E CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN 23.23'37'E

23 LANE-20 670.56 2.00 2.50 √ X X √ √ √ N/A 85 0 20'35' RIVER NOT NEED TO CLEAN E CONNECTED GOOD MORE DRAIN 23.23'26'N

24 MOLANA 2743.2 1.50 1.20 √ X X √ X √ N/A 85 0 22' NOT NOT NEED TO CLEAN AZAD 0 46''E CONNECTED GOOD MORE COLONY 23 0 24' MAIN GATE 46''N 25 MOLANA 60.96 2.00 3.00 √ X X √ X √ N/A 85 0 41' NOT NOT NEED TO A NEW AZAD 36''E CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN COLONY FAN 23 0 24' 5''N 02 26 MOLANA 182.88 2.00 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 85 0 21' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE AZAD 41''E CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN COLONY 23 0 24' 5''N ROAD 1 27 PURANA 152.40 1.50 1.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 21' DRAIN NOT GOOD LOWADIH 11''N CONNECTED GOOD GALI 23 0 24' 46''E 28 BHUINYA 914.40 2.00 1.50 X √ √ X X √ N/A 85 0 22' RIVER NOT NEED TO MAKE TOLI TO 46''N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN LOWAHADIH 23 0 24' 5''E CHOWK 29 KAANTA 2286.0 X √ √ X X √ N/A 85 0 22' GOOD GOOD TOLI PUL TO 0 11''N ESI 23 0 24' HOSPITAL 57''E 30 LOWADIH 152..4 2.00 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 62' LOWAHADI GOOD GOOD JAGRAN 11''N DRAIN MAIDAN 85 0 33' 71''E 31 HARIJAN 42.67 1.00 1.00 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 33' VILLAGE GOOD GOOD BASTI 44''N DRAIN 85 0 37' 1''E

32 TELI KOCHA 512.06 2.00 2.00 √ X X √ N/A 23 0 66' 1''N NOT NOT NEED TO MORE

85 0 35' 1''E CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN

33 LICHI 347.47 2.00 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 33' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE BAGAN TO 44''N CONNECTED GOOD UNCOVERED UPER KOCHA 85 0 37' 1''E DRAIN

34 LAGAN BADI 243.84 1.50 2.00 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 26' VILLAGE NOT NEED A MAKE 42''N DRAIN GOOD NEW DRAIN 85 0 32' CONNECTED 44''E 35 MAHLAR 67.06 2.00 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 37' VILLAGE GOOD GOOD KOCHA 11''N DRAIN LOWADIH 85 0 20' 1''E CONNECTED

36 VIRAT 1828.8 2.00 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 20' RIVER MEDIAM ALL GOOD NAGAR TO 0 11''E CONNECTED RIVER 85 0 22' 1''N

37 MAHAVIR 670.56 1.50 2.00 √ X √ √ X √ N/A 23 0 22' RIVER GOOD GOOD COLONY 44''N CONNECTED 85 0 33' 1''E

38 NICHE 457.20 1.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 20' GOOD NEED TO MAKE LOWADIH 14''E AND A DRAIN 85 0 39' ALSO 41''N COVERED 39 LOWADIH TO 1170.4 2.50 2.00 √ X √ X √ X N/A 23 0 39' 4''E FARM STRUCTU GOOD COVERED SAMUDAIK 3 CONNECTED RE IS DRAIN BHAWAN 85 0 20' GOOD 11''N BUT NOT COVERED 40 MAHESHWA 170.69 1.00 1.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 23' NOT RAW NEED TO MAKE RI GALI 52''E CONNECTED DRAIN DRAIN 85 0 20' 15''N 41 BHAGAT 268.22 1.50 1.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 20' NOT GOOD GOOD COVERED GALI 13''E CONNECTED BUT DRAIN 85 0 20' UNCOVER 13''N ED 42 MARIYAM 48.77 3.00 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 23' NOT GOOD NEED TO MORE TOLI 37''E CONNECTED BUT DRAIN LOWADIH 85 0 20' NEED TO 35''N COVERED 43 TOKI TOLA 60.96 2.50 1.50 √ X X √ X √ N/A 23 0 20' NOT NOT REPAIRING LOWADIH 15''E CONNECTED GOOD MORE DRAIN 85 0 20' 30''N 44 SAI COLONY 76.20 1.50 1.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 23' NOT GOOD GOOD DRAIN GIRIJA 37''E CONNECTED KOCHA 85 0 20' LOWADIH 35''N 45 DON BOSCO 914.40 2.50 1.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 39' NALA GOOD NEED MORE SCHOOL 46''E CONNECTED BUT DRAIN MARIYAM 85 0 36' UNCOVER TOLI 18''N ED 46 SHANTI 243.84 3.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE NAGAR TO 41''E CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN GARAH TOLI 23 0 39' 41''N 47 GOURANAG 1219.2 3.50 3.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20' RIVER NOT NEED TO MAKE AR TO 0 11''E CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN GARAH TOLI 23 0 39' 42''N 48 ARWADA 274.32 1.50 1.00 √ X X √ X √ N/A 85 0 20' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE KOCHA TO 13''N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN LOWADIH 23 0 28' 37''E 49 SAMLONG 91.44 1.50 1.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 23' VILLEGE NOT NEED TO MAKE BELBAGAN 26''N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN 85 0 20' 14''E 50 LAXMINAGA 381.00 2.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20' FARM NOT NEED TO MAKE R 21''N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN

23 0 22' 26''E 51 DUAMBA 137.16 2.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE COLONY 30''E CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN 23 0 21' 11''N 52 BHUNIYA 441.96 2.50 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 21' NOT NOT NEED TO MAKE TOLI 11''E CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN 23 0 22' 13''N 53 ANAND 396.24 2.50 1.50 √ X X √ √ X N/A 85 0 20' FARM PARLIALL NEED TO MAKE NAGAR 11''E CONNECTED Y GOOD A NEW DRAIN 23 0 20' 12''N 54 UPER KOCHA 60.96 2.50 1.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 23' PARLIALL NOT PERFECT 32''N Y GOOD 85 0 20' 11''E 55 NICHE 91.44 2.00 1.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 367' WROST NEED NEW KOCHA 9''N CONDITIO DRAIN 85 0 32' N WATER 43''E SLOW ON THE ROAD 56 LOWADIH 152.40 2.00 1.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 22' 1''N NOT NOT NEED TO MORE BANK CONNECTED GOOD DRAIN COLONY 85 0 32' 44''E 57 ILAHIBAKSI 548.64 2.50 1.50 X √ N/A 23 0 36' RIVER NOT NEED TO MAKE COLONY 71''N CONNECTED GOOD A NEW DRAIN LOWADIH 85 0 33' 41''E 58 HIGHTENTIO 76.20 1.50 1.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 37' NOT GOOD NEED TO MORE N COLONY 44''N CONNECTED BUT A NEW DRAIN LOWADIH 55 0 44' 1''E UNCOVER ED 59 SAMLONG 1219.2 2.00 2.00 √ X X √ √ X N/A 23 0 33' NOT GOOD NOT GOOD LOWADIH 0 31''E CONNECTED BUT NEED THIS 85 0 37' 1''E UNCOVER DRAIN ED

Annexure-III

(2.15) Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) Detail

Treatme Estimated nt Plant Month/Year of Capital Operational Capacit Commissioning of Area of Name of Expenditure Expenditure y in Treatment Plant Facility Operato (in INR (in INR lakhs Desludging Ward Status MLD /Proposed Date (Sq.m) r Crores) per year) Operator No. Address

Operational 2 12-2018 2000 JUDCO 2.84 8.11 Regulated 24 Kadru

Operational 2 12-2018 2000 JUDCO 2.84 8.11 Regulated 46 Amrabati

MuktiDhamHarmu Operational 1.5 12-2018 1500 JUDCO 1.20 8.11 Regulated 25 Bridge

Operational 1.5 12-2018 1500 JUDCO 1.20 8.11 Regulated 46 Amrabati

Operational 1.5 12-2018 1500 JUDCO 1.20 8.11 Regulated 24 Kadru

Subarnarekha Rekha Operational 1 12-2018 1000 JUDCO 1.49 8.11 Regulated 46 Confluence Point

Operational 1 12-2018 1000 JUDCO 1.49 8.11 Regulated 22 Hind Piri

Subarnarekha Operational 1 12-2018 1000 JUDCO 1.49 8.11 Regulated 46 Confluence Point

Annexure: - IV

(2.16) Access to Surface Water and Ground Water Quality Data at DM Office, Ranchi

Annexure: - IV (Continued)

Annexure: - V

(2.17) Availability of Water Quality Data of Getalsud & Buchaopa Reservoir

Annexure: - V (Continued)

100

Annexure: - VI (2.18) Monthly Average Value of NAMP Station present in Ranchi

101

CHAPTER-III

Conclusion

Mankind’s survival is dependent on a sustainable environment. Ever since anthropogenic activities started plundering the natural resources and have jeopardized the sustainable future. It has become an obligation to rectify the mistakes that has been committed in the past.

With this view in mind, it is a great opportunity for us to join hands and work towards a common goal. Hence, efforts have been made to create a District Environmental Plan for Ranchi District by considering model District Environment Plan of CPCB and covering the necessary details covered therein. All the associated concerned departments involved in the preparation of DEP have helped in furnishing data required for the preparation of Plan.

The users of this Plan should be aware that this plan is not a- substitute to Govt. rules and regulations but rather a skeletal framework with action points, roles, and responsibilities of stakeholders. These action plans are only evocative but not exhaustive.

There’s a famous quote by George Bernard Shaw “Progress is impossible without change, and those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything.”

So, let us sincerely follow the principle of 3Rs i.e. reduce, reuse, recycle which have echoed around the world for sustainable development.

District Administration Ranchi

102