Ranchi District, Jharkhand State Godda BIHAR Pakur
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भूजल सूचना पुस्तिका रा車ची स्जला, झारख車ड Ground Water Information Booklet Sahibganj Ranchi District, Jharkhand State Godda BIHAR Pakur Koderma U.P. Deoghar Giridih Dumka Chatra Garhwa Palamau Hazaribagh Jamtara Dhanbad Latehar Bokaro Ramgarh CHHATTISGARH Lohardaga Ranchi WEST BENGAL Gumla Khunti Saraikela Kharsawan SIMDEGA East Singhbhum West Singhbhum ORISSA के न्द्रीय भूमिजल बोड ड Central Ground water Board जल स車साधन ि車त्रालय Ministry of Water Resources (Govt. of India) (भारि सरकार) State Unit Office,Ranchi रा煍य एकक कायाडलय, रा更ची Mid-Eastern Region िध्य-पूर्वी क्षेत्र Patna पटना मसि車बर 2013 September 2013 भूजल सूचना पुस्तिका रा車ची स्जला, झारख車ड Ground Water Information Booklet Ranchi District, Jharkhand State Prepared By हﴂ टी बी एन स (वैज्ञाननक ) T. B. N. Singh (Scientist C) रा煍य एकक कायाडलय, रा更ची िध्य-पूर्वी क्षेत्र,पटना State Unit Office, Ranchi Mid Eastern Region, Patna Contents Serial no. Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Administration 1.2 Drainage 1.3 Land use, Irrigation and Cropping pattern 1.4 Studies, activities carried out by C.G.W.B. 2.0 Climate 2.1 Rainfall 2.2 Temperature 3.0 Geomorphology 3.1 Physiography 3.2 Soils 4.0 Ground water scenario 4.1 Hydrogeology Aquifer systems Exploratory Drilling Well design Water levels (Pre-monsoon, post-monsoon) 4.2 Ground water Resources 4.3 Ground water quality 4.4 Status of ground water development 5.0 Ground water management strategy 6.0 Ground water related issues and problems 7.0 Awareness and training activity 8.0 Area notified by CGWA/SCGWA 9.0 Recommendations List of Tables Table 1 Water level of HNS wells in Ranchi district (2012) Table 2 Results of chemical analysis of water quality parameters (HNS) in Ranchi district Table 3 Block-wise Ground water Resources of Ranchi district (2009) List of Figures Fig. 1 Administrative map of Ranchi district Fig 2 Drainage map of Ranchi district Fig. 3 Hydrogeological map of Ranchi district Fig.4 Depth to water level map (Pre-monsoon 2012) of Ranchi district Fig. 5 Depth to water level map (Post-monsoon 2012) of Ranchi district Fig.6 Block wise stage of ground water development of Ranchi district (2009) RANCHI – DISTRICT AT A GLANCE Sl ITEMS Statistics No. 1. GENERAL INFORMATION i) Geographical Area (Sq km.) 5097 Administrative Divisions (As on 2001) Number of Block 18 Number of Panchyat 253 Number of villages 2143 (ii) Population (As on 2011 Census)- 29,14,253 (iii) Average Annual Rainfall (mm) 1316 mm 2. GEOMORPHOLOGY Major Physiographic units Buried pediments, pediplain, Valley, Structural ridges Major Drainages Subarnarekha, South Koel, Karkari 3. LAND USE (Sq Km.) a) Forest area: 1591.4 b) Net area sown: 2558.5 c) Cultivable area: 2723.2 4. MAJOR SOIL TYPES Alfisols (Red gravelly and sandy soils) ultisols (red and yellow soils) Light textured Slightly Acidic Poor in N & P Fairly rich in K 5. AREA UNDER PRINCIPAL CROPS Pulses – 6903 ha (2011-12) Oilseeds – 164 ha Paddy – 101721 ha Maize – 4966 ha Wheat-5997 ha 6. IRRIGATION BY DIFFERENT Area Structures SOURCES (Ha) (Areas and Number of Structures) Dug wells 2287 6610 Tube wells /Bore wells 0 0 Tanks / Ponds 64 180 Canals -- --- Other Sources 203 72 Net irrigated area -- --- Gross irrigated area -- --- 7. NUMBERS OF GROUND WATER MONITORING WELLS OF CGWB (As on 31-03-13) No of Dugwell 20 No. of Piezometers 20 8. PREDOMINANT GEOLOGICAL Chotanagpur granite, Quartzite Schists, Older FORMATIONS alluvium, Laterite 9. Major Water bearing formation Granite-gneiss, Quartzite, older Alluvium Pre-monsoon Depth to water level 2.21-12.20 m.bgl during 2012 Post-monsoon Depth to water level 1.81-6.60 m.bgl during 2012 10. GROUND WATER EXPLORATION BY CGWB (As on 31-03-13) No. of wells drilled (EW, OW, PZ, EW – 81, OW – 21, Pz – 23 SH, Total 125 Depth Range (m) 23.5 – 200 m.bgl Discharge (m3/hr) 2 – 23 11. GROUND WATWER QUALITY Good Presence of Chemical constituents EC 200 to 800 micro mhos /cm at 250 C. more than permissible limit (e.g. EC, Fluoride- 0.5-2.3 mg / l. F, As, Fe) Type of Water Calcium Bicarbonate 12. DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES (2009) ha-m Annual replenishable Ground Water 35072 Resources Gross Annual Ground Water Draft 13954 Projected Demand for Domestic and 5080 Industrial uses up to 2034 Stage of Ground Water Development 40% 13. AWARENESSS AND TRAINING ACTIVITY Mass Awareness Programs Organized One Date March 2002 Place Horticulture and Agro-forestry Research Programming Board (HARP), Palandu No. of Participants 100 Water Management Training Three Programs Organized Date March 2004,Feb 2008,March 2009 Place 1.Chotanagpur Chamber of Commerce, Main Road, 2.Dipatoli cantonment, Bunti 3.VISWA Kanke No. of Participants 75,100 and 800 14. EFFORTS OF ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & RAINWATER HARVESTING Projects completed by CGWB Three (1. HARP, Palandu, (No & Amount spent) 2. Defence Engineers line, Kanke, 3. Dipatoli Cantonment),Rs. 7.3 lac Fifteen, Ranchi Urban areas ,Funded by CGWB,Constructed by Ground Water Directorate,Jharkhand,Rs-11.543 Lac Projects under technical guidance of --- CGWB (Numbers) 15 GROUND WATER CONTROL AND REGULATION Number of OE Blocks 1(one),Kanke No. of Critical Block Nil No. of Semi-critical block 1(one),Ratu No. of Blocks notified Nil 16. MAJOR GROUND WATER -Declining trend of deeper Aquifers in urban PROBLEMS AND ISSUES area of Ranchi township -Sporadic fluoride contamination in Ormanjhi, Ranchi sadar and Silli blocks GROUND WATER INFORMATION BOOKLET RANCHI DISTRICT 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Administration- Ranchi district lies in the southern part of Jharkhand state. The district is bounded on the north by Ramgarh & Hazaribagh districts, on the south by Khunti & Saraikela Kharsawan, on the west by Gumla, Latehar & Lohardagga district and on the east by Saraikela Kharsawan and Purulia district of West Bengal. It is connected through NH-33 from prominent district headquarters of the state. It is also connected through Gumla and Rourkela by NH-23. The district has total area of 5097 sq.km. and is located between 220 52’- 230 45’ North latitude to 840 45’- 850 50’ East longitude. Area is included in Toposheet no. 73A, 73B, 73E and 73F.The district is divided into two subdivisions and 18 administrative blocks (Fig-1).The district comprises of 253 numbers of Panchayats and 2143 number of villages. The density of population is 572 person per sq. Km. The total population of the Ranchi district as per the 2011 census is 29,14,253 persons. Total urban population is 12, 57,335 and the rural population is 16, 56,918. Percentage of urban population is 56% and Rural population is 44%. 1.2 Drainage: The district is highly dissected by rivers of varying magnitude. The major water divide in the district runs north to south direction through the Ratu and Lodhma. The area in the eastern part of the water divide is drained by Subarnrekha and the western part of the divide is drained by South Koel and Karo. The important river basins are the Subarnrekha, the South Koel, the Damodar and the Karkari. The Kanchi and Raru are the tributaries of river Subarnrekha. The South Koel originates from Piska near Ranchi. The Karkari river drains the southeastern part of the district (Fig-2). FIG-1 ADMINISTRATIVE MAP RANCHI DISTRICT, JHARKHAND Damodar R. K.M. 5 0 5 10 K.M. SCALE Khelari Burmu Chanho Ormanjhi South Koel R. Subarnarekha R. Kanke Mandar Angara Ratu Silli Bero Nagri Paru N. Itki Rahe Subarnarekha R. Namkum Sonahatu Bundu Lapung Kanchi N. Karo R. Karkari N. Tamar LEGEND State Boundary Block Boundary District Boundary Block H.Q. District H.Q. River Railway Line Road FIG-2 DRAINAGE MAP RANCHI DISTRICT, JHARKHAND Damodar R. K.M. 5 0 5 10 K.M. SCALE Khelari Burmu Chanho Ormanjhi South Koel R. Subarnarekha R. Kanke Mandar Angara Ratu Silli Raru N. Nagri Bero Itki Rahe Subarnarekha R. Namkum Sonahatu Bundu Lapung Kanchi N. Lohagara N. Karo R. Karkari N. Tamar LEGEND State Boundary Block Boundary District Boundary Block H.Q. District H.Q. River 1.3 Land use, irrigation and cropping pattern- Out of total geographical area of 5,09,700 hectares, forest area is 20.97%, land put to non-agricultural use is 5.6%, Barren land is 4.2%, current fallow is 16.35%, Land other than current fallow is 8.7%, Net area sown is 33.64%, cultivable waste land is 3.4% and area sown more than once is 2.21%. 89 % of Kharif crops are unirrigated and 4 % of Kharif crops are irrigated. 3 % of Rabi crops are irrigated and 2 % of Rabi crops are unirrigated. Only 2 % of summer crops are irrigated. 1.4 Previous works Geological Survey of India has completed systematic geological mapping in the Ranchi district. The part of district has been covered under Regional Hydrogeological Survey by Sh. S.K.Bose, (1987) and a part by S/Sh. M.Srivastava and S.K.Bose, Junior Hydrogeologist (1983). Further CGWB in Collaboration with the United Nations, Department of Technical Co-operative ad development (UNCTAD) took up a project on ground water resources evaluation of two basin areas of the river Kasai and Subarnarekha in 1985. The project areas cover 18 blocks of Ranchi and contain exploration for ground water in hard rock areas using multidisciplinary approach like Remote Sensing, Geophysics and Hydrogeology. 2.0 Climate Ranchi district experiences subtropical climate, which is characterized by hot summer from March to May and well distributed rainfall during southwest monsoon from June to October.